xref: /dragonfly/sys/vm/vnode_pager.c (revision 1ab20d67)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1990 University of Utah.
3  * Copyright (c) 1991 The Regents of the University of California.
4  * All rights reserved.
5  * Copyright (c) 1993, 1994 John S. Dyson
6  * Copyright (c) 1995, David Greenman
7  *
8  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
9  * the Systems Programming Group of the University of Utah Computer
10  * Science Department.
11  *
12  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
13  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
14  * are met:
15  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
17  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
18  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
19  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
20  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
21  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
22  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
23  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
24  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
25  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
26  *    without specific prior written permission.
27  *
28  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
29  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
30  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
31  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
32  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
33  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
34  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
35  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
36  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
37  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
38  * SUCH DAMAGE.
39  *
40  *	from: @(#)vnode_pager.c	7.5 (Berkeley) 4/20/91
41  * $FreeBSD: src/sys/vm/vnode_pager.c,v 1.116.2.7 2002/12/31 09:34:51 dillon Exp $
42  * $DragonFly: src/sys/vm/vnode_pager.c,v 1.14 2004/05/13 17:40:19 dillon Exp $
43  */
44 
45 /*
46  * Page to/from files (vnodes).
47  */
48 
49 /*
50  * TODO:
51  *	Implement VOP_GETPAGES/PUTPAGES interface for filesystems. Will
52  *	greatly re-simplify the vnode_pager.
53  */
54 
55 #include <sys/param.h>
56 #include <sys/systm.h>
57 #include <sys/proc.h>
58 #include <sys/vnode.h>
59 #include <sys/mount.h>
60 #include <sys/buf.h>
61 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
62 #include <sys/conf.h>
63 #include <sys/sfbuf.h>
64 
65 #include <vm/vm.h>
66 #include <vm/vm_object.h>
67 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
68 #include <vm/vm_pager.h>
69 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
70 #include <vm/vnode_pager.h>
71 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
72 
73 static vm_offset_t vnode_pager_addr (struct vnode *vp, vm_ooffset_t address,
74 					 int *run);
75 static void vnode_pager_iodone (struct buf *bp);
76 static int vnode_pager_input_smlfs (vm_object_t object, vm_page_t m);
77 static int vnode_pager_input_old (vm_object_t object, vm_page_t m);
78 static void vnode_pager_dealloc (vm_object_t);
79 static int vnode_pager_getpages (vm_object_t, vm_page_t *, int, int);
80 static void vnode_pager_putpages (vm_object_t, vm_page_t *, int, boolean_t, int *);
81 static boolean_t vnode_pager_haspage (vm_object_t, vm_pindex_t, int *, int *);
82 
83 struct pagerops vnodepagerops = {
84 	NULL,
85 	vnode_pager_alloc,
86 	vnode_pager_dealloc,
87 	vnode_pager_getpages,
88 	vnode_pager_putpages,
89 	vnode_pager_haspage,
90 	NULL
91 };
92 
93 int vnode_pbuf_freecnt = -1;	/* start out unlimited */
94 
95 /*
96  * Allocate (or lookup) pager for a vnode.
97  * Handle is a vnode pointer.
98  */
99 vm_object_t
100 vnode_pager_alloc(void *handle, vm_ooffset_t size, vm_prot_t prot,
101 		  vm_ooffset_t offset)
102 {
103 	vm_object_t object;
104 	struct vnode *vp;
105 
106 	/*
107 	 * Pageout to vnode, no can do yet.
108 	 */
109 	if (handle == NULL)
110 		return (NULL);
111 
112 	/*
113 	 * XXX hack - This initialization should be put somewhere else.
114 	 */
115 	if (vnode_pbuf_freecnt < 0) {
116 	    vnode_pbuf_freecnt = nswbuf / 2 + 1;
117 	}
118 
119 	vp = (struct vnode *) handle;
120 
121 	/*
122 	 * Prevent race condition when allocating the object. This
123 	 * can happen with NFS vnodes since the nfsnode isn't locked.
124 	 */
125 	while (vp->v_flag & VOLOCK) {
126 		vp->v_flag |= VOWANT;
127 		tsleep(vp, 0, "vnpobj", 0);
128 	}
129 	vp->v_flag |= VOLOCK;
130 
131 	/*
132 	 * If the object is being terminated, wait for it to
133 	 * go away.
134 	 */
135 	while (((object = vp->v_object) != NULL) &&
136 		(object->flags & OBJ_DEAD)) {
137 		tsleep(object, 0, "vadead", 0);
138 	}
139 
140 	if (vp->v_usecount == 0)
141 		panic("vnode_pager_alloc: no vnode reference");
142 
143 	if (object == NULL) {
144 		/*
145 		 * And an object of the appropriate size
146 		 */
147 		object = vm_object_allocate(OBJT_VNODE, OFF_TO_IDX(round_page(size)));
148 		object->flags = 0;
149 
150 		object->un_pager.vnp.vnp_size = size;
151 
152 		object->handle = handle;
153 		vp->v_object = object;
154 		vp->v_usecount++;
155 	} else {
156 		object->ref_count++;
157 		vp->v_usecount++;
158 	}
159 
160 	vp->v_flag &= ~VOLOCK;
161 	if (vp->v_flag & VOWANT) {
162 		vp->v_flag &= ~VOWANT;
163 		wakeup(vp);
164 	}
165 	return (object);
166 }
167 
168 static void
169 vnode_pager_dealloc(vm_object_t object)
170 {
171 	struct vnode *vp = object->handle;
172 
173 	if (vp == NULL)
174 		panic("vnode_pager_dealloc: pager already dealloced");
175 
176 	vm_object_pip_wait(object, "vnpdea");
177 
178 	object->handle = NULL;
179 	object->type = OBJT_DEAD;
180 	vp->v_object = NULL;
181 	vp->v_flag &= ~(VTEXT | VOBJBUF);
182 }
183 
184 static boolean_t
185 vnode_pager_haspage(vm_object_t object, vm_pindex_t pindex, int *before,
186     int *after)
187 {
188 	struct vnode *vp = object->handle;
189 	daddr_t bn;
190 	int err;
191 	daddr_t reqblock;
192 	int poff;
193 	int bsize;
194 	int pagesperblock, blocksperpage;
195 
196 	/*
197 	 * If no vp or vp is doomed or marked transparent to VM, we do not
198 	 * have the page.
199 	 */
200 	if ((vp == NULL) || (vp->v_flag & VDOOMED))
201 		return FALSE;
202 
203 	/*
204 	 * If filesystem no longer mounted or offset beyond end of file we do
205 	 * not have the page.
206 	 */
207 	if ((vp->v_mount == NULL) ||
208 		(IDX_TO_OFF(pindex) >= object->un_pager.vnp.vnp_size))
209 		return FALSE;
210 
211 	bsize = vp->v_mount->mnt_stat.f_iosize;
212 	pagesperblock = bsize / PAGE_SIZE;
213 	blocksperpage = 0;
214 	if (pagesperblock > 0) {
215 		reqblock = pindex / pagesperblock;
216 	} else {
217 		blocksperpage = (PAGE_SIZE / bsize);
218 		reqblock = pindex * blocksperpage;
219 	}
220 	err = VOP_BMAP(vp, reqblock, (struct vnode **) 0, &bn,
221 		after, before);
222 	if (err)
223 		return TRUE;
224 	if ( bn == -1)
225 		return FALSE;
226 	if (pagesperblock > 0) {
227 		poff = pindex - (reqblock * pagesperblock);
228 		if (before) {
229 			*before *= pagesperblock;
230 			*before += poff;
231 		}
232 		if (after) {
233 			int numafter;
234 			*after *= pagesperblock;
235 			numafter = pagesperblock - (poff + 1);
236 			if (IDX_TO_OFF(pindex + numafter) > object->un_pager.vnp.vnp_size) {
237 				numafter = OFF_TO_IDX((object->un_pager.vnp.vnp_size - IDX_TO_OFF(pindex)));
238 			}
239 			*after += numafter;
240 		}
241 	} else {
242 		if (before) {
243 			*before /= blocksperpage;
244 		}
245 
246 		if (after) {
247 			*after /= blocksperpage;
248 		}
249 	}
250 	return TRUE;
251 }
252 
253 /*
254  * Lets the VM system know about a change in size for a file.
255  * We adjust our own internal size and flush any cached pages in
256  * the associated object that are affected by the size change.
257  *
258  * Note: this routine may be invoked as a result of a pager put
259  * operation (possibly at object termination time), so we must be careful.
260  */
261 void
262 vnode_pager_setsize(struct vnode *vp, vm_ooffset_t nsize)
263 {
264 	vm_pindex_t nobjsize;
265 	vm_object_t object = vp->v_object;
266 
267 	if (object == NULL)
268 		return;
269 
270 	/*
271 	 * Hasn't changed size
272 	 */
273 	if (nsize == object->un_pager.vnp.vnp_size)
274 		return;
275 
276 	nobjsize = OFF_TO_IDX(nsize + PAGE_MASK);
277 
278 	/*
279 	 * File has shrunk. Toss any cached pages beyond the new EOF.
280 	 */
281 	if (nsize < object->un_pager.vnp.vnp_size) {
282 		vm_freeze_copyopts(object, OFF_TO_IDX(nsize), object->size);
283 		if (nobjsize < object->size) {
284 			vm_object_page_remove(object, nobjsize, object->size,
285 				FALSE);
286 		}
287 		/*
288 		 * This gets rid of garbage at the end of a page that is now
289 		 * only partially backed by the vnode.  Since we are setting
290 		 * the entire page valid & clean after we are done we have
291 		 * to be sure that the portion of the page within the file
292 		 * bounds is already valid.  If it isn't then making it
293 		 * valid would create a corrupt block.
294 		 */
295 		if (nsize & PAGE_MASK) {
296 			vm_offset_t kva;
297 			vm_page_t m;
298 
299 			m = vm_page_lookup(object, OFF_TO_IDX(nsize));
300 			if (m && m->valid) {
301 				int base = (int)nsize & PAGE_MASK;
302 				int size = PAGE_SIZE - base;
303 				struct sf_buf *sf;
304 
305 				/*
306 				 * Clear out partial-page garbage in case
307 				 * the page has been mapped.
308 				 */
309 				sf = sf_buf_alloc(m, SFBA_QUICK);
310 				kva = sf_buf_kva(sf);
311 				bzero((caddr_t)kva + base, size);
312 				sf_buf_free(sf);
313 
314 				/*
315 				 * XXX work around SMP data integrity race
316 				 * by unmapping the page from user processes.
317 				 * The garbage we just cleared may be mapped
318 				 * to a user process running on another cpu
319 				 * and this code is not running through normal
320 				 * I/O channels which handle SMP issues for
321 				 * us, so unmap page to synchronize all cpus.
322 				 *
323 				 * XXX should vm_pager_unmap_page() have
324 				 * dealt with this?
325 				 */
326 				vm_page_protect(m, VM_PROT_NONE);
327 
328 				/*
329 				 * Clear out partial-page dirty bits.  This
330 				 * has the side effect of setting the valid
331 				 * bits, but that is ok.  There are a bunch
332 				 * of places in the VM system where we expected
333 				 * m->dirty == VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL.  The file EOF
334 				 * case is one of them.  If the page is still
335 				 * partially dirty, make it fully dirty.
336 				 *
337 				 * note that we do not clear out the valid
338 				 * bits.  This would prevent bogus_page
339 				 * replacement from working properly.
340 				 */
341 				vm_page_set_validclean(m, base, size);
342 				if (m->dirty != 0)
343 					m->dirty = VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL;
344 			}
345 		}
346 	}
347 	object->un_pager.vnp.vnp_size = nsize;
348 	object->size = nobjsize;
349 }
350 
351 void
352 vnode_pager_freepage(vm_page_t m)
353 {
354 	vm_page_free(m);
355 }
356 
357 /*
358  * calculate the linear (byte) disk address of specified virtual
359  * file address
360  */
361 static vm_offset_t
362 vnode_pager_addr(struct vnode *vp, vm_ooffset_t address, int *run)
363 {
364 	int rtaddress;
365 	int bsize;
366 	daddr_t block;
367 	struct vnode *rtvp;
368 	int err;
369 	daddr_t vblock;
370 	int voffset;
371 
372 	if ((int) address < 0)
373 		return -1;
374 
375 	if (vp->v_mount == NULL)
376 		return -1;
377 
378 	bsize = vp->v_mount->mnt_stat.f_iosize;
379 	vblock = address / bsize;
380 	voffset = address % bsize;
381 
382 	err = VOP_BMAP(vp, vblock, &rtvp, &block, run, NULL);
383 
384 	if (err || (block == -1))
385 		rtaddress = -1;
386 	else {
387 		rtaddress = block + voffset / DEV_BSIZE;
388 		if( run) {
389 			*run += 1;
390 			*run *= bsize/PAGE_SIZE;
391 			*run -= voffset/PAGE_SIZE;
392 		}
393 	}
394 
395 	return rtaddress;
396 }
397 
398 /*
399  * interrupt routine for I/O completion
400  */
401 static void
402 vnode_pager_iodone(struct buf *bp)
403 {
404 	bp->b_flags |= B_DONE;
405 	wakeup(bp);
406 }
407 
408 /*
409  * small block file system vnode pager input
410  */
411 static int
412 vnode_pager_input_smlfs(vm_object_t object, vm_page_t m)
413 {
414 	int i;
415 	int s;
416 	struct vnode *dp, *vp;
417 	struct buf *bp;
418 	vm_offset_t kva;
419 	struct sf_buf *sf;
420 	int fileaddr;
421 	vm_offset_t bsize;
422 	int error = 0;
423 
424 	vp = object->handle;
425 	if (vp->v_mount == NULL)
426 		return VM_PAGER_BAD;
427 
428 	bsize = vp->v_mount->mnt_stat.f_iosize;
429 
430 
431 	VOP_BMAP(vp, 0, &dp, 0, NULL, NULL);
432 
433 	sf = sf_buf_alloc(m, 0);
434 	kva = sf_buf_kva(sf);
435 
436 	for (i = 0; i < PAGE_SIZE / bsize; i++) {
437 		vm_ooffset_t address;
438 
439 		if (vm_page_bits(i * bsize, bsize) & m->valid)
440 			continue;
441 
442 		address = IDX_TO_OFF(m->pindex) + i * bsize;
443 		if (address >= object->un_pager.vnp.vnp_size) {
444 			fileaddr = -1;
445 		} else {
446 			fileaddr = vnode_pager_addr(vp, address, NULL);
447 		}
448 		if (fileaddr != -1) {
449 			bp = getpbuf(&vnode_pbuf_freecnt);
450 
451 			/* build a minimal buffer header */
452 			bp->b_flags = B_READ | B_CALL;
453 			bp->b_iodone = vnode_pager_iodone;
454 			bp->b_data = (caddr_t) kva + i * bsize;
455 			bp->b_blkno = fileaddr;
456 			pbgetvp(dp, bp);
457 			bp->b_bcount = bsize;
458 			bp->b_bufsize = bsize;
459 			bp->b_runningbufspace = bp->b_bufsize;
460 			runningbufspace += bp->b_runningbufspace;
461 
462 			/* do the input */
463 			VOP_STRATEGY(bp->b_vp, bp);
464 
465 			/* we definitely need to be at splvm here */
466 
467 			s = splvm();
468 			while ((bp->b_flags & B_DONE) == 0) {
469 				tsleep(bp, 0, "vnsrd", 0);
470 			}
471 			splx(s);
472 			if ((bp->b_flags & B_ERROR) != 0)
473 				error = EIO;
474 
475 			/*
476 			 * free the buffer header back to the swap buffer pool
477 			 */
478 			relpbuf(bp, &vnode_pbuf_freecnt);
479 			if (error)
480 				break;
481 
482 			vm_page_set_validclean(m, (i * bsize) & PAGE_MASK, bsize);
483 		} else {
484 			vm_page_set_validclean(m, (i * bsize) & PAGE_MASK, bsize);
485 			bzero((caddr_t) kva + i * bsize, bsize);
486 		}
487 	}
488 	sf_buf_free(sf);
489 	pmap_clear_modify(m);
490 	vm_page_flag_clear(m, PG_ZERO);
491 	if (error) {
492 		return VM_PAGER_ERROR;
493 	}
494 	return VM_PAGER_OK;
495 
496 }
497 
498 
499 /*
500  * old style vnode pager output routine
501  */
502 static int
503 vnode_pager_input_old(vm_object_t object, vm_page_t m)
504 {
505 	struct uio auio;
506 	struct iovec aiov;
507 	int error;
508 	int size;
509 	vm_offset_t kva;
510 	struct sf_buf *sf;
511 
512 	error = 0;
513 
514 	/*
515 	 * Return failure if beyond current EOF
516 	 */
517 	if (IDX_TO_OFF(m->pindex) >= object->un_pager.vnp.vnp_size) {
518 		return VM_PAGER_BAD;
519 	} else {
520 		size = PAGE_SIZE;
521 		if (IDX_TO_OFF(m->pindex) + size > object->un_pager.vnp.vnp_size)
522 			size = object->un_pager.vnp.vnp_size - IDX_TO_OFF(m->pindex);
523 
524 		/*
525 		 * Allocate a kernel virtual address and initialize so that
526 		 * we can use VOP_READ/WRITE routines.
527 		 */
528 		sf = sf_buf_alloc(m, 0);
529 		kva = sf_buf_kva(sf);
530 
531 		aiov.iov_base = (caddr_t) kva;
532 		aiov.iov_len = size;
533 		auio.uio_iov = &aiov;
534 		auio.uio_iovcnt = 1;
535 		auio.uio_offset = IDX_TO_OFF(m->pindex);
536 		auio.uio_segflg = UIO_SYSSPACE;
537 		auio.uio_rw = UIO_READ;
538 		auio.uio_resid = size;
539 		auio.uio_td = curthread;
540 
541 		error = VOP_READ(object->handle, &auio, 0, proc0.p_ucred);
542 		if (!error) {
543 			int count = size - auio.uio_resid;
544 
545 			if (count == 0)
546 				error = EINVAL;
547 			else if (count != PAGE_SIZE)
548 				bzero((caddr_t) kva + count, PAGE_SIZE - count);
549 		}
550 		sf_buf_free(sf);
551 	}
552 	pmap_clear_modify(m);
553 	vm_page_undirty(m);
554 	vm_page_flag_clear(m, PG_ZERO);
555 	if (!error)
556 		m->valid = VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL;
557 	return error ? VM_PAGER_ERROR : VM_PAGER_OK;
558 }
559 
560 /*
561  * generic vnode pager input routine
562  */
563 
564 /*
565  * EOPNOTSUPP is no longer legal.  For local media VFS's that do not
566  * implement their own VOP_GETPAGES, their VOP_GETPAGES should call to
567  * vnode_pager_generic_getpages() to implement the previous behaviour.
568  *
569  * All other FS's should use the bypass to get to the local media
570  * backing vp's VOP_GETPAGES.
571  */
572 static int
573 vnode_pager_getpages(vm_object_t object, vm_page_t *m, int count, int reqpage)
574 {
575 	int rtval;
576 	struct vnode *vp;
577 	int bytes = count * PAGE_SIZE;
578 
579 	vp = object->handle;
580 	/*
581 	 * XXX temporary diagnostic message to help track stale FS code,
582 	 * Returning EOPNOTSUPP from here may make things unhappy.
583 	 */
584 	rtval = VOP_GETPAGES(vp, m, bytes, reqpage, 0);
585 	if (rtval == EOPNOTSUPP) {
586 	    printf("vnode_pager: *** WARNING *** stale FS getpages\n");
587 	    rtval = vnode_pager_generic_getpages( vp, m, bytes, reqpage);
588 	}
589 	return rtval;
590 }
591 
592 
593 /*
594  * This is now called from local media FS's to operate against their
595  * own vnodes if they fail to implement VOP_GETPAGES.
596  */
597 int
598 vnode_pager_generic_getpages(struct vnode *vp, vm_page_t *m, int bytecount,
599     int reqpage)
600 {
601 	vm_object_t object;
602 	vm_offset_t kva;
603 	off_t foff, tfoff, nextoff;
604 	int i, size, bsize, first, firstaddr;
605 	struct vnode *dp;
606 	int runpg;
607 	int runend;
608 	struct buf *bp;
609 	int s;
610 	int count;
611 	int error = 0;
612 
613 	object = vp->v_object;
614 	count = bytecount / PAGE_SIZE;
615 
616 	if (vp->v_mount == NULL)
617 		return VM_PAGER_BAD;
618 
619 	bsize = vp->v_mount->mnt_stat.f_iosize;
620 
621 	/* get the UNDERLYING device for the file with VOP_BMAP() */
622 
623 	/*
624 	 * originally, we did not check for an error return value -- assuming
625 	 * an fs always has a bmap entry point -- that assumption is wrong!!!
626 	 */
627 	foff = IDX_TO_OFF(m[reqpage]->pindex);
628 
629 	/*
630 	 * if we can't bmap, use old VOP code
631 	 */
632 	if (VOP_BMAP(vp, 0, &dp, 0, NULL, NULL)) {
633 		for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
634 			if (i != reqpage) {
635 				vnode_pager_freepage(m[i]);
636 			}
637 		}
638 		mycpu->gd_cnt.v_vnodein++;
639 		mycpu->gd_cnt.v_vnodepgsin++;
640 		return vnode_pager_input_old(object, m[reqpage]);
641 
642 		/*
643 		 * if the blocksize is smaller than a page size, then use
644 		 * special small filesystem code.  NFS sometimes has a small
645 		 * blocksize, but it can handle large reads itself.
646 		 */
647 	} else if ((PAGE_SIZE / bsize) > 1 &&
648 	    (vp->v_mount->mnt_stat.f_type != nfs_mount_type)) {
649 		for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
650 			if (i != reqpage) {
651 				vnode_pager_freepage(m[i]);
652 			}
653 		}
654 		mycpu->gd_cnt.v_vnodein++;
655 		mycpu->gd_cnt.v_vnodepgsin++;
656 		return vnode_pager_input_smlfs(object, m[reqpage]);
657 	}
658 
659 	/*
660 	 * If we have a completely valid page available to us, we can
661 	 * clean up and return.  Otherwise we have to re-read the
662 	 * media.
663 	 *
664 	 * Note that this does not work with NFS, so NFS has its own
665 	 * getpages routine.  The problem is that NFS can have partially
666 	 * valid pages associated with the buffer cache due to the piecemeal
667 	 * write support.  If we were to fall through and re-read the media
668 	 * as we do here, dirty data could be lost.
669 	 */
670 
671 	if (m[reqpage]->valid == VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL) {
672 		for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
673 			if (i != reqpage)
674 				vnode_pager_freepage(m[i]);
675 		}
676 		return VM_PAGER_OK;
677 	}
678 	m[reqpage]->valid = 0;
679 
680 	/*
681 	 * here on direct device I/O
682 	 */
683 
684 	firstaddr = -1;
685 	/*
686 	 * calculate the run that includes the required page
687 	 */
688 	for(first = 0, i = 0; i < count; i = runend) {
689 		firstaddr = vnode_pager_addr(vp,
690 			IDX_TO_OFF(m[i]->pindex), &runpg);
691 		if (firstaddr == -1) {
692 			if (i == reqpage && foff < object->un_pager.vnp.vnp_size) {
693 				/* XXX no %qd in kernel. */
694 				panic("vnode_pager_getpages: unexpected missing page: firstaddr: %d, foff: 0x%lx%08lx, vnp_size: 0x%lx%08lx",
695 			   	 firstaddr, (u_long)(foff >> 32),
696 			   	 (u_long)(u_int32_t)foff,
697 				 (u_long)(u_int32_t)
698 				 (object->un_pager.vnp.vnp_size >> 32),
699 				 (u_long)(u_int32_t)
700 				 object->un_pager.vnp.vnp_size);
701 			}
702 			vnode_pager_freepage(m[i]);
703 			runend = i + 1;
704 			first = runend;
705 			continue;
706 		}
707 		runend = i + runpg;
708 		if (runend <= reqpage) {
709 			int j;
710 			for (j = i; j < runend; j++) {
711 				vnode_pager_freepage(m[j]);
712 			}
713 		} else {
714 			if (runpg < (count - first)) {
715 				for (i = first + runpg; i < count; i++)
716 					vnode_pager_freepage(m[i]);
717 				count = first + runpg;
718 			}
719 			break;
720 		}
721 		first = runend;
722 	}
723 
724 	/*
725 	 * the first and last page have been calculated now, move input pages
726 	 * to be zero based...
727 	 */
728 	if (first != 0) {
729 		for (i = first; i < count; i++) {
730 			m[i - first] = m[i];
731 		}
732 		count -= first;
733 		reqpage -= first;
734 	}
735 
736 	/*
737 	 * calculate the file virtual address for the transfer
738 	 */
739 	foff = IDX_TO_OFF(m[0]->pindex);
740 
741 	/*
742 	 * calculate the size of the transfer
743 	 */
744 	size = count * PAGE_SIZE;
745 	if ((foff + size) > object->un_pager.vnp.vnp_size)
746 		size = object->un_pager.vnp.vnp_size - foff;
747 
748 	/*
749 	 * round up physical size for real devices.
750 	 */
751 	if (dp->v_type == VBLK || dp->v_type == VCHR) {
752 		int secmask = dp->v_rdev->si_bsize_phys - 1;
753 		KASSERT(secmask < PAGE_SIZE, ("vnode_pager_generic_getpages: sector size %d too large\n", secmask + 1));
754 		size = (size + secmask) & ~secmask;
755 	}
756 
757 	bp = getpbuf(&vnode_pbuf_freecnt);
758 	kva = (vm_offset_t) bp->b_data;
759 
760 	/*
761 	 * and map the pages to be read into the kva
762 	 */
763 	pmap_qenter(kva, m, count);
764 
765 	/* build a minimal buffer header */
766 	bp->b_flags = B_READ | B_CALL;
767 	bp->b_iodone = vnode_pager_iodone;
768 	/* B_PHYS is not set, but it is nice to fill this in */
769 	bp->b_blkno = firstaddr;
770 	pbgetvp(dp, bp);
771 	bp->b_bcount = size;
772 	bp->b_bufsize = size;
773 	bp->b_runningbufspace = bp->b_bufsize;
774 	runningbufspace += bp->b_runningbufspace;
775 
776 	mycpu->gd_cnt.v_vnodein++;
777 	mycpu->gd_cnt.v_vnodepgsin += count;
778 
779 	/* do the input */
780 	VOP_STRATEGY(bp->b_vp, bp);
781 
782 	s = splvm();
783 	/* we definitely need to be at splvm here */
784 
785 	while ((bp->b_flags & B_DONE) == 0) {
786 		tsleep(bp, 0, "vnread", 0);
787 	}
788 	splx(s);
789 	if ((bp->b_flags & B_ERROR) != 0)
790 		error = EIO;
791 
792 	if (!error) {
793 		if (size != count * PAGE_SIZE)
794 			bzero((caddr_t) kva + size, PAGE_SIZE * count - size);
795 	}
796 	pmap_qremove(kva, count);
797 
798 	/*
799 	 * free the buffer header back to the swap buffer pool
800 	 */
801 	relpbuf(bp, &vnode_pbuf_freecnt);
802 
803 	for (i = 0, tfoff = foff; i < count; i++, tfoff = nextoff) {
804 		vm_page_t mt;
805 
806 		nextoff = tfoff + PAGE_SIZE;
807 		mt = m[i];
808 
809 		if (nextoff <= object->un_pager.vnp.vnp_size) {
810 			/*
811 			 * Read filled up entire page.
812 			 */
813 			mt->valid = VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL;
814 			vm_page_undirty(mt);	/* should be an assert? XXX */
815 			pmap_clear_modify(mt);
816 		} else {
817 			/*
818 			 * Read did not fill up entire page.  Since this
819 			 * is getpages, the page may be mapped, so we have
820 			 * to zero the invalid portions of the page even
821 			 * though we aren't setting them valid.
822 			 *
823 			 * Currently we do not set the entire page valid,
824 			 * we just try to clear the piece that we couldn't
825 			 * read.
826 			 */
827 			vm_page_set_validclean(mt, 0,
828 			    object->un_pager.vnp.vnp_size - tfoff);
829 			/* handled by vm_fault now */
830 			/* vm_page_zero_invalid(mt, FALSE); */
831 		}
832 
833 		vm_page_flag_clear(mt, PG_ZERO);
834 		if (i != reqpage) {
835 
836 			/*
837 			 * whether or not to leave the page activated is up in
838 			 * the air, but we should put the page on a page queue
839 			 * somewhere. (it already is in the object). Result:
840 			 * It appears that empirical results show that
841 			 * deactivating pages is best.
842 			 */
843 
844 			/*
845 			 * just in case someone was asking for this page we
846 			 * now tell them that it is ok to use
847 			 */
848 			if (!error) {
849 				if (mt->flags & PG_WANTED)
850 					vm_page_activate(mt);
851 				else
852 					vm_page_deactivate(mt);
853 				vm_page_wakeup(mt);
854 			} else {
855 				vnode_pager_freepage(mt);
856 			}
857 		}
858 	}
859 	if (error) {
860 		printf("vnode_pager_getpages: I/O read error\n");
861 	}
862 	return (error ? VM_PAGER_ERROR : VM_PAGER_OK);
863 }
864 
865 /*
866  * EOPNOTSUPP is no longer legal.  For local media VFS's that do not
867  * implement their own VOP_PUTPAGES, their VOP_PUTPAGES should call to
868  * vnode_pager_generic_putpages() to implement the previous behaviour.
869  *
870  * All other FS's should use the bypass to get to the local media
871  * backing vp's VOP_PUTPAGES.
872  */
873 static void
874 vnode_pager_putpages(vm_object_t object, vm_page_t *m, int count,
875     boolean_t sync, int *rtvals)
876 {
877 	int rtval;
878 	struct vnode *vp;
879 	int bytes = count * PAGE_SIZE;
880 
881 	/*
882 	 * Force synchronous operation if we are extremely low on memory
883 	 * to prevent a low-memory deadlock.  VOP operations often need to
884 	 * allocate more memory to initiate the I/O ( i.e. do a BMAP
885 	 * operation ).  The swapper handles the case by limiting the amount
886 	 * of asynchronous I/O, but that sort of solution doesn't scale well
887 	 * for the vnode pager without a lot of work.
888 	 *
889 	 * Also, the backing vnode's iodone routine may not wake the pageout
890 	 * daemon up.  This should be probably be addressed XXX.
891 	 */
892 
893 	if ((vmstats.v_free_count + vmstats.v_cache_count) < vmstats.v_pageout_free_min)
894 		sync |= OBJPC_SYNC;
895 
896 	/*
897 	 * Call device-specific putpages function
898 	 */
899 
900 	vp = object->handle;
901 	rtval = VOP_PUTPAGES(vp, m, bytes, sync, rtvals, 0);
902 	if (rtval == EOPNOTSUPP) {
903 	    printf("vnode_pager: *** WARNING *** stale FS putpages\n");
904 	    rtval = vnode_pager_generic_putpages( vp, m, bytes, sync, rtvals);
905 	}
906 }
907 
908 
909 /*
910  * This is now called from local media FS's to operate against their
911  * own vnodes if they fail to implement VOP_PUTPAGES.
912  *
913  * This is typically called indirectly via the pageout daemon and
914  * clustering has already typically occured, so in general we ask the
915  * underlying filesystem to write the data out asynchronously rather
916  * then delayed.
917  */
918 int
919 vnode_pager_generic_putpages(struct vnode *vp, vm_page_t *m, int bytecount,
920     int flags, int *rtvals)
921 {
922 	int i;
923 	vm_object_t object;
924 	int count;
925 
926 	int maxsize, ncount;
927 	vm_ooffset_t poffset;
928 	struct uio auio;
929 	struct iovec aiov;
930 	int error;
931 	int ioflags;
932 
933 	object = vp->v_object;
934 	count = bytecount / PAGE_SIZE;
935 
936 	for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
937 		rtvals[i] = VM_PAGER_AGAIN;
938 
939 	if ((int) m[0]->pindex < 0) {
940 		printf("vnode_pager_putpages: attempt to write meta-data!!! -- 0x%lx(%x)\n",
941 			(long)m[0]->pindex, m[0]->dirty);
942 		rtvals[0] = VM_PAGER_BAD;
943 		return VM_PAGER_BAD;
944 	}
945 
946 	maxsize = count * PAGE_SIZE;
947 	ncount = count;
948 
949 	poffset = IDX_TO_OFF(m[0]->pindex);
950 
951 	/*
952 	 * If the page-aligned write is larger then the actual file we
953 	 * have to invalidate pages occuring beyond the file EOF.  However,
954 	 * there is an edge case where a file may not be page-aligned where
955 	 * the last page is partially invalid.  In this case the filesystem
956 	 * may not properly clear the dirty bits for the entire page (which
957 	 * could be VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL due to the page having been mmap()d).
958 	 * With the page locked we are free to fix-up the dirty bits here.
959 	 *
960 	 * We do not under any circumstances truncate the valid bits, as
961 	 * this will screw up bogus page replacement.
962 	 */
963 	if (maxsize + poffset > object->un_pager.vnp.vnp_size) {
964 		if (object->un_pager.vnp.vnp_size > poffset) {
965 			int pgoff;
966 
967 			maxsize = object->un_pager.vnp.vnp_size - poffset;
968 			ncount = btoc(maxsize);
969 			if ((pgoff = (int)maxsize & PAGE_MASK) != 0) {
970 				vm_page_clear_dirty(m[ncount - 1], pgoff,
971 					PAGE_SIZE - pgoff);
972 			}
973 		} else {
974 			maxsize = 0;
975 			ncount = 0;
976 		}
977 		if (ncount < count) {
978 			for (i = ncount; i < count; i++) {
979 				rtvals[i] = VM_PAGER_BAD;
980 			}
981 		}
982 	}
983 
984 	/*
985 	 * pageouts are already clustered, use IO_ASYNC to force a bawrite()
986 	 * rather then a bdwrite() to prevent paging I/O from saturating
987 	 * the buffer cache.  Dummy-up the sequential heuristic to cause
988 	 * large ranges to cluster.  If neither IO_SYNC or IO_ASYNC is set,
989 	 * the system decides how to cluster.
990 	 */
991 	ioflags = IO_VMIO;
992 	if (flags & (VM_PAGER_PUT_SYNC | VM_PAGER_PUT_INVAL))
993 		ioflags |= IO_SYNC;
994 	else if ((flags & VM_PAGER_CLUSTER_OK) == 0)
995 		ioflags |= IO_ASYNC;
996 	ioflags |= (flags & VM_PAGER_PUT_INVAL) ? IO_INVAL: 0;
997 	ioflags |= IO_SEQMAX << IO_SEQSHIFT;
998 
999 	aiov.iov_base = (caddr_t) 0;
1000 	aiov.iov_len = maxsize;
1001 	auio.uio_iov = &aiov;
1002 	auio.uio_iovcnt = 1;
1003 	auio.uio_offset = poffset;
1004 	auio.uio_segflg = UIO_NOCOPY;
1005 	auio.uio_rw = UIO_WRITE;
1006 	auio.uio_resid = maxsize;
1007 	auio.uio_td = NULL;
1008 	error = VOP_WRITE(vp, &auio, ioflags, proc0.p_ucred);
1009 	mycpu->gd_cnt.v_vnodeout++;
1010 	mycpu->gd_cnt.v_vnodepgsout += ncount;
1011 
1012 	if (error) {
1013 		printf("vnode_pager_putpages: I/O error %d\n", error);
1014 	}
1015 	if (auio.uio_resid) {
1016 		printf("vnode_pager_putpages: residual I/O %d at %lu\n",
1017 		    auio.uio_resid, (u_long)m[0]->pindex);
1018 	}
1019 	for (i = 0; i < ncount; i++) {
1020 		rtvals[i] = VM_PAGER_OK;
1021 	}
1022 	return rtvals[0];
1023 }
1024 
1025 struct vnode *
1026 vnode_pager_lock(vm_object_t object)
1027 {
1028 	struct thread *td = curthread;	/* XXX */
1029 
1030 	for (; object != NULL; object = object->backing_object) {
1031 		if (object->type != OBJT_VNODE)
1032 			continue;
1033 		if (object->flags & OBJ_DEAD)
1034 			return NULL;
1035 
1036 		while (vget(object->handle, NULL,
1037 			LK_NOPAUSE | LK_SHARED | LK_RETRY | LK_CANRECURSE, td)) {
1038 			if ((object->flags & OBJ_DEAD) ||
1039 			    (object->type != OBJT_VNODE)) {
1040 				return NULL;
1041 			}
1042 			printf("vnode_pager_lock: retrying\n");
1043 		}
1044 		return object->handle;
1045 	}
1046 	return NULL;
1047 }
1048