1.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 6.\" are met: 7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 12.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 13.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 14.\" without specific prior written permission. 15.\" 16.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 17.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 18.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 19.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 20.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 21.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 22.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 23.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 24.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 25.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 26.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 27.\" 28.\" @(#)od.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93 29.\" $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/hexdump/od.1,v 1.8.2.5 2003/02/25 20:05:17 trhodes Exp $ 30.\" 31.Dd April 17, 2002 32.Dt OD 1 33.Os 34.Sh NAME 35.Nm od 36.Nd octal, decimal, hex, ASCII dump 37.Sh SYNOPSIS 38.Nm 39.Op Fl aBbcDdeFfHhIiLlOosvXx 40.Op Fl A Ar base 41.Op Fl j Ar skip 42.Op Fl N Ar length 43.Op Fl t Ar type 44.Sm off 45.Oo 46.Op Cm \&+ 47.Li offset 48.Op Cm \&. 49.Op Cm Bb 50.Oc 51.Sm on 52.Op Ar 53.Sh DESCRIPTION 54The 55.Nm 56utility is a filter which displays the specified files, or standard 57input if no files are specified, in a user specified format. 58.Pp 59The options are as follows: 60.Bl -tag -width ".Fl I , L , l" 61.It Fl A Ar base 62Specify the input address base. 63.Ar base 64may be one of 65.Cm d , 66.Cm o , 67.Cm x 68or 69.Cm n , 70which specify decimal, octal, hexadecimal 71addresses or no address, respectively. 72.It Fl a 73Output named characters. 74Equivalent to 75.Fl t Ar a . 76.It Fl B , o 77Output octal shorts. 78Equivalent to 79.Fl t Ar o2 . 80.It Fl b 81Output octal bytes. 82Equivalent to 83.Fl t Ar o1 . 84.It Fl c 85Output C-style escaped characters. 86Equivalent to 87.Fl t Ar c . 88.It Fl D 89Output unsigned decimal ints. 90Equivalent to 91.Fl t Ar u4 . 92.It Fl e , F 93Output double-precision floating point numbers. 94Equivalent to 95.Fl t Ar fD . 96.It Fl f 97Output single-precision floating point numbers. 98Equivalent to 99.Fl t Ar fF . 100.It Fl H , X 101Output hexadecimal ints. 102Equivalent to 103.Fl t Ar x4 . 104.It Fl h , x 105Output hexadecimal shorts. 106Equivalent to 107.Fl t Ar x2 . 108.It Fl I , L , l 109Output signed decimal longs. 110Equivalent to 111.Fl t Ar dL . 112.It Fl i 113Output signed decimal ints. 114Equivalent to 115.Fl t Ar dI . 116.It Fl j Ar skip 117Skip 118.Ar skip 119bytes of the combined input before dumping. 120The number may be followed by one 121of 122.Cm b , k 123or 124.Cm m 125which specify the units of the number as blocks (512 bytes), kilobytes and 126megabytes, respectively. 127.It Fl N Ar length 128Dump at most 129.Ar length 130bytes of input. 131.It Fl O 132Output octal ints. 133Equivalent to 134.Fl t Ar o4 . 135.It Fl s 136Output signed decimal shorts. 137Equivalent to 138.Fl t Ar d2 . 139.It Fl t Ar type 140Specify the output format. 141.Ar type 142is a string containing one or more of the following kinds of type specifiers: 143.Bl -tag -width indent 144.It Cm a 145Named characters 146.Pq Tn ASCII . 147Control characters are displayed using the following names: 148.Bl -column "000 nulx" "001 sohx" "002 stxx" "003 etxx" "004 eotx" "005 enqx" 149.It "000 nul" Ta "001 soh" Ta "002 stx" Ta "003 etx" Ta "004 eot" Ta "005 enq" 150.It "006 ack" Ta "007 bel" Ta "008 bs" Ta "009 ht" Ta "00A nl" Ta "00B vt" 151.It "00C ff" Ta "00D cr" Ta "00E so" Ta "00F si" Ta "010 dle" Ta "011 dc1" 152.It "012 dc2" Ta "013 dc3" Ta "014 dc4" Ta "015 nak" Ta "016 syn" Ta "017 etb" 153.It "018 can" Ta "019 em" Ta "01a sub" Ta "01B esc" Ta "01C fs" Ta "01D gs" 154.It "01E rs" Ta "01F us" Ta "020 sp" Ta "0FF del" Ta "" Ta "" 155.El 156.It Cm c 157Characters in the default character set. 158Non-printing characters are 159represented as 3-digit octal character codes, except the following 160characters, which are represented as C escapes: 161.Pp 162.Bl -tag -width carriage-return -compact 163.It NUL 164\e0 165.It alert 166\ea 167.It backspace 168\eb 169.It newline 170\en 171.It carriage-return 172\er 173.It tab 174\et 175.It vertical tab 176\ev 177.El 178.It Xo 179.Sm off 180.Op Cm d | o | u | x 181.Op Cm C | S | I | L | Ar n 182.Sm on 183.Xc 184Signed decimal 185.Pq Cm d , 186octal 187.Pq Cm o , 188unsigned decimal 189.Pq Cm u 190or 191hexadecimal 192.Pq Cm x . 193Followed by an optional size specifier, which may be either 194.Cm C 195.Pq Vt char , 196.Cm S 197.Pq Vt short , 198.Cm I 199.Pq Vt int , 200.Cm L 201.Pq Vt long , 202or a byte count as a decimal integer. 203.It Xo 204.Sm off 205.Cm f 206.Op Cm F | D | L | Ar n 207.Sm on 208.Xc 209Floating-point number. 210Followed by an optional size specifier, which may be either 211.Cm F 212.Pq Vt float , 213.Cm D 214.Pq Vt double 215or 216.Cm L 217.Pq Vt "long double" . 218.El 219.It Fl v 220Write all input data, instead of replacing lines of duplicate values with a 221.Ql * . 222.El 223.Pp 224Multiple options that specify output format may be used; the output will 225contain one line for each format. 226.Pp 227If no output format is specified, 228.Fl t Ar oS 229is assumed. 230.Sh EXIT STATUS 231.Ex -std 232.Sh COMPATIBILITY 233The traditional 234.Fl s 235option to extract string constants is not supported; consider using 236.Xr strings 1 237instead. 238.Sh SEE ALSO 239.Xr hexdump 1 , 240.Xr strings 1 241.Sh STANDARDS 242The 243.Nm 244utility conforms to 245.St -p1003.1-2001 . 246.Sh HISTORY 247An 248.Nm 249command appeared in 250.At v1 . 251