1.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 6.\" are met: 7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 12.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 13.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 14.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 15.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 16.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 17.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 18.\" without specific prior written permission. 19.\" 20.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 21.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 22.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 23.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 24.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 25.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 26.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 27.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 28.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 29.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 30.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 31.\" 32.\" @(#)od.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93 33.\" $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/hexdump/od.1,v 1.8.2.5 2003/02/25 20:05:17 trhodes Exp $ 34.\" $DragonFly: src/usr.bin/hexdump/od.1,v 1.2 2003/06/17 04:29:27 dillon Exp $ 35.\" 36.Dd April 17, 2002 37.Os 38.Dt OD 1 39.Sh NAME 40.Nm od 41.Nd octal, decimal, hex, ASCII dump 42.Sh SYNOPSIS 43.Nm 44.Op Fl aBbcDdeFfHhIiLlOosvXx 45.Op Fl A Ar base 46.Op Fl j Ar skip 47.Op Fl N Ar length 48.Op Fl t Ar type 49.Sm off 50.Oo 51.Op Cm \&+ 52.Li offset 53.Op Cm \&. 54.Op Cm Bb 55.Oc 56.Sm on 57.Op Ar 58.Sh DESCRIPTION 59The 60.Nm 61utility is a filter which displays the specified files, or standard 62input if no files are specified, in a user specified format. 63.Pp 64The options are as follows: 65.Bl -tag -width ".Fl I , L , l" 66.It Fl A Ar base 67Specify the input address base. 68.Ar base 69may be one of 70.Cm d , 71.Cm o , 72.Cm x 73or 74.Cm n , 75which specify decimal, octal, hexadecimal 76addresses or no address, respectively. 77.It Fl a 78Output named characters. 79Equivalent to 80.Fl t Ar a . 81.It Fl B , o 82Output octal shorts. 83Equivalent to 84.Fl t Ar o2 . 85.It Fl b 86Output octal bytes. 87Equivalent to 88.Fl t Ar o1 . 89.It Fl c 90Output C-style escaped characters. 91Equivalent to 92.Fl t Ar c . 93.It Fl D 94Output unsigned decimal ints. 95Equivalent to 96.Fl t Ar u4 . 97.It Fl e , F 98Output double-precision floating point numbers. 99Equivalent to 100.Fl t Ar fD . 101.It Fl f 102Output single-precision floating point numbers. 103Equivalent to 104.Fl t Ar fF . 105.It Fl H , X 106Output hexadecimal ints. 107Equivalent to 108.Fl t Ar x4 . 109.It Fl h , x 110Output hexadecimal shorts. 111Equivalent to 112.Fl t Ar x2 . 113.It Fl I , L , l 114Output signed decimal longs. 115Equivalent to 116.Fl t Ar dL . 117.It Fl i 118Output signed decimal ints. 119Equivalent to 120.Fl t Ar dI . 121.It Fl j Ar skip 122Skip 123.Ar skip 124bytes of the combined input before dumping. 125The number may be followed by one 126of 127.Cm b , k 128or 129.Cm m 130which specify the units of the number as blocks (512 bytes), kilobytes and 131megabytes, respectively. 132.It Fl N Ar length 133Dump at most 134.Ar length 135bytes of input. 136.It Fl O 137Output octal ints. 138Equivalent to 139.Fl t Ar o4 . 140.It Fl s 141Output signed decimal shorts. 142Equivalent to 143.Fl t Ar d2 . 144.It Fl t Ar type 145Specify the output format. 146.Ar type 147is a string containing one or more of the following kinds of type specifiers: 148.Bl -tag -width indent 149.It Cm a 150Named characters 151.Pq Tn ASCII . 152Control characters are displayed using the following names: 153.Bl -column "000 NUL" "001 SOH" "002 STX" "003 ETX" "004 EOT" "005 ENQ" 154.It "000 NUL 001 SOH 002 STX 003 ETX 004 EOT 005 ENQ" 155.It "006 ACK 007 BEL 008 BS 009 HT 00a NL 00b VT" 156.It "00c FF 00d CR 00e SO 00f SI 010 DLE 011 DC1" 157.It "012 DC2 013 DC3 014 DC4 015 NAK 016 SYN 017 ETB" 158.It "018 CAN 019 EM 01a SUB 01b ESC 01c FS 01d GS" 159.It "01e RS 01f US 020 SP 0ff DEL" 160.El 161.It Cm c 162Characters in the default character set. 163Non-printing characters are 164represented as 3-digit octal character codes, except the following 165characters, which are represented as C escapes: 166.Pp 167.Bl -tag -width carriage-return -compact 168.It NUL 169\e0 170.It alert 171\ea 172.It backspace 173\eb 174.It newline 175\en 176.It carriage-return 177\er 178.It tab 179\et 180.It vertical tab 181\ev 182.El 183.It Xo 184.Sm off 185.Op Cm d | o | u | x 186.Op Cm C | S | I | L | Ar n 187.Sm on 188.Xc 189Signed decimal 190.Pq Cm d , 191octal 192.Pq Cm o , 193unsigned decimal 194.Pq Cm u 195or 196hexadecimal 197.Pq Cm x . 198Followed by an optional size specifier, which may be either 199.Cm C 200.Pq Vt char , 201.Cm S 202.Pq Vt short , 203.Cm I 204.Pq Vt int , 205.Cm L 206.Pq Vt long , 207or a byte count as a decimal integer. 208.It Xo 209.Sm off 210.Cm f 211.Op Cm F | D | L | Ar n 212.Sm on 213.Xc 214Floating-point number. 215Followed by an optional size specifier, which may be either 216.Cm F 217.Pq Vt float , 218.Cm D 219.Pq Vt double 220or 221.Cm L 222.Pq Vt "long double" . 223.El 224.It Fl v 225Write all input data, instead of replacing lines of duplicate values with a 226.Ql * . 227.El 228.Pp 229Multiple options that specify output format may be used; the output will 230contain one line for each format. 231.Pp 232If no output format is specified, 233.Fl t Ar oS 234is assumed. 235.Sh DIAGNOSTICS 236.Ex -std 237.Sh COMPATIBILITY 238The traditional 239.Fl s 240option to extract string constants is not supported; consider using 241.Xr strings 1 242instead. 243.Sh SEE ALSO 244.Xr hexdump 1 , 245.Xr strings 1 246.Sh STANDARDS 247The 248.Nm 249utility conforms to 250.St -p1003.1-2001 . 251.Sh HISTORY 252An 253.Nm 254command appeared in 255.At v1 . 256