xref: /dragonfly/usr.bin/netstat/main.c (revision fe76c4fb)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1983, 1988, 1993
3  *	Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
15  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
16  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19  *    without specific prior written permission.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
32  *
33  * @(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1988, 1993 Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
34  * @(#)main.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 3/1/94
35  * $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/netstat/main.c,v 1.34.2.12 2001/09/17 15:17:46 ru Exp $
36  * $DragonFly: src/usr.bin/netstat/main.c,v 1.12 2006/06/25 11:02:40 corecode Exp $
37  */
38 
39 #include <sys/param.h>
40 #include <sys/file.h>
41 #include <sys/protosw.h>
42 #include <sys/socket.h>
43 
44 #include <netinet/in.h>
45 
46 #include <netgraph/socket/ng_socket.h>
47 
48 #include <ctype.h>
49 #include <err.h>
50 #include <errno.h>
51 #include <kvm.h>
52 #include <limits.h>
53 #include <netdb.h>
54 #include <nlist.h>
55 #include <paths.h>
56 #include <stdio.h>
57 #include <stdlib.h>
58 #include <string.h>
59 #include <unistd.h>
60 #include "netstat.h"
61 
62 static struct nlist nl[] = {
63 #define	N_IFNET		0
64 	{ "_ifnet" },
65 #define	N_IMP		1
66 	{ "_imp_softc" },
67 #define	N_RTSTAT	2
68 	{ "_rtstat" },
69 #define	N_UNIXSW	3
70 	{ "_localsw" },
71 #define N_IDP		4
72 	{ "_nspcb"},
73 #define N_IDPSTAT	5
74 	{ "_idpstat"},
75 #define N_SPPSTAT	6
76 	{ "_spp_istat"},
77 #define N_NSERR		7
78 	{ "_ns_errstat"},
79 #define	N_CLNPSTAT	8
80 	{ "_clnp_stat"},
81 #define	IN_NOTUSED	9
82 	{ "_tp_inpcb" },
83 #define	ISO_TP		10
84 	{ "_tp_refinfo" },
85 #define	N_TPSTAT	11
86 	{ "_tp_stat" },
87 #define	N_ESISSTAT	12
88 	{ "_esis_stat"},
89 #define N_NIMP		13
90 	{ "_nimp"},
91 #define N_RTREE		14
92 	{ "_rt_tables"},
93 #define N_CLTP		15
94 	{ "_cltb"},
95 #define N_CLTPSTAT	16
96 	{ "_cltpstat"},
97 #define	N_NFILE		17
98 	{ "_nfile" },
99 #define	N_FILE		18
100 	{ "_file" },
101 #define N_MRTSTAT	19
102 	{ "_mrtstat" },
103 #define N_MFCTABLE	20
104 	{ "_mfctable" },
105 #define N_VIFTABLE	21
106 	{ "_viftable" },
107 #define N_IPX		22
108 	{ "_ipxpcb"},
109 #define N_IPXSTAT	23
110 	{ "_ipxstat"},
111 #define N_SPXSTAT	24
112 	{ "_spx_istat"},
113 #define N_DDPSTAT	25
114 	{ "_ddpstat"},
115 #define N_DDPCB		26
116 	{ "_ddpcb"},
117 #define N_NGSOCKS	27
118 	{ "_ngsocklist"},
119 #define N_IP6STAT	28
120 	{ "_ip6stat" },
121 #define N_ICMP6STAT	29
122 	{ "_icmp6stat" },
123 #define N_IPSECSTAT	30
124 	{ "_ipsecstat" },
125 #define N_IPSEC6STAT	31
126 	{ "_ipsec6stat" },
127 #define N_PIM6STAT	32
128 	{ "_pim6stat" },
129 #define N_MRT6PROTO	33
130 	{ "_ip6_mrtproto" },
131 #define N_MRT6STAT	34
132 	{ "_mrt6stat" },
133 #define N_MF6CTABLE	35
134 	{ "_mf6ctable" },
135 #define N_MIF6TABLE	36
136 	{ "_mif6table" },
137 #define N_PFKEYSTAT	37
138 	{ "_pfkeystat" },
139 #define N_MBSTAT	38
140 	{ "_mbstat" },
141 #define N_MBTYPES	39
142 	{ "_mbtypes" },
143 #define N_NMBCLUSTERS	40
144 	{ "_nmbclusters" },
145 #define N_NMBUFS	41
146 	{ "_nmbufs" },
147 #define	N_RTTRASH	42
148 	{ "_rttrash" },
149 #define	N_NCPUS		43
150 	{ "_ncpus" },
151 	{ "" },
152 };
153 
154 struct protox {
155 	u_char	pr_index;		/* index into nlist of cb head */
156 	u_char	pr_sindex;		/* index into nlist of stat block */
157 	u_char	pr_wanted;		/* 1 if wanted, 0 otherwise */
158 	void	(*pr_cblocks)(u_long, char *, int);
159 					/* control blocks printing routine */
160 	void	(*pr_stats)(u_long, char *, int);
161 					/* statistics printing routine */
162 	void	(*pr_istats)(char *);	/* per/if statistics printing routine */
163 	char	*pr_name;		/* well-known name */
164 	int	pr_usesysctl;		/* true if we use sysctl, not kvm */
165 } protox[] = {
166 	{ -1,		-1,		1,	protopr,
167 	  tcp_stats,	NULL,		"tcp",	IPPROTO_TCP },
168 	{ -1,		-1,		1,	protopr,
169 	  udp_stats,	NULL,		"udp",	IPPROTO_UDP },
170 	{ -1,		-1,		1,	protopr,
171 	  NULL,		NULL,		"divert",IPPROTO_DIVERT },
172 	{ -1,		-1,		1,	protopr,
173 	  ip_stats,	NULL,		"ip",	IPPROTO_RAW },
174 	{ -1,		-1,		1,	protopr,
175 	  icmp_stats,	NULL,		"icmp",	IPPROTO_ICMP },
176 	{ -1,		-1,		1,	protopr,
177 	  igmp_stats,	NULL,		"igmp",	IPPROTO_IGMP },
178 #ifdef IPSEC
179 	{ -1,		N_IPSECSTAT,	1,	0,
180 	  ipsec_stats,	NULL,		"ipsec",	0},
181 #endif
182 	{ -1,		-1,		0,	0,
183 	  0,		NULL,		0 }
184 };
185 
186 #ifdef INET6
187 struct protox ip6protox[] = {
188 	{ -1,		-1,		1,	protopr,
189 	  tcp_stats,	NULL,		"tcp",	IPPROTO_TCP },
190 	{ -1,		-1,		1,	protopr,
191 	  udp_stats,	NULL,		"udp",	IPPROTO_UDP },
192 	{ -1,		N_IP6STAT,	1,	protopr,
193 	  ip6_stats,	ip6_ifstats,	"ip6",	IPPROTO_RAW },
194 	{ -1,		N_ICMP6STAT,	1,	protopr,
195 	  icmp6_stats,	icmp6_ifstats,	"icmp6",IPPROTO_ICMPV6 },
196 #ifdef IPSEC
197 	{ -1,		N_IPSEC6STAT,	1,	0,
198 	  ipsec_stats,	NULL,		"ipsec6",0 },
199 #endif
200 #ifdef notyet
201 	{ -1,		N_PIM6STAT,	1,	0,
202 	  pim6_stats,	NULL,		"pim6",	0 },
203 #endif
204 	{ -1,		-1,		1,	0,
205 	  rip6_stats,	NULL,		"rip6",	0 },
206 	{ -1,		-1,		1,	protopr,
207 	  pim_stats,	NULL,		"pim",	IPPROTO_PIM },
208 	{ -1,		-1,		0,	0,
209 	  0,		NULL,		0,	0 }
210 };
211 #endif /*INET6*/
212 
213 #ifdef IPSEC
214 struct protox pfkeyprotox[] = {
215 	{ -1,		N_PFKEYSTAT,	1,	0,
216 	  pfkey_stats,	NULL,		"pfkey", 0 },
217 	{ -1,		-1,		0,	0,
218 	  0,		NULL,		0,	0 }
219 };
220 #endif
221 
222 struct protox atalkprotox[] = {
223 	{ N_DDPCB,	N_DDPSTAT,	1,	atalkprotopr,
224 	  ddp_stats,	NULL,		"ddp" },
225 	{ -1,		-1,		0,	0,
226 	  0,		NULL,		0 }
227 };
228 
229 struct protox netgraphprotox[] = {
230 	{ N_NGSOCKS,	-1,		1,	netgraphprotopr,
231 	  NULL,		NULL,		"ctrl" },
232 	{ N_NGSOCKS,	-1,		1,	netgraphprotopr,
233 	  NULL,		NULL,		"data" },
234 	{ -1,		NULL,		0,	0,
235 	  0,		NULL,		0 }
236 };
237 
238 struct protox ipxprotox[] = {
239 	{ N_IPX,	N_IPXSTAT,	1,	ipxprotopr,
240 	  ipx_stats,	NULL,		"ipx",	0 },
241 	{ N_IPX,	N_SPXSTAT,	1,	ipxprotopr,
242 	  spx_stats,	NULL,		"spx",	0 },
243 	{ -1,		-1,		0,	0,
244 	  0,		NULL,		0,	0 }
245 };
246 
247 #ifdef NS
248 struct protox nsprotox[] = {
249 	{ N_IDP,	N_IDPSTAT,	1,	nsprotopr,
250 	  idp_stats,	NULL,		"idp" },
251 	{ N_IDP,	N_SPPSTAT,	1,	nsprotopr,
252 	  spp_stats,	NULL,		"spp" },
253 	{ -1,		N_NSERR,	1,	0,
254 	  nserr_stats,	NULL,		"ns_err" },
255 	{ -1,		-1,		0,	0,
256 	  0,		NULL,		0 }
257 };
258 #endif
259 
260 #ifdef ISO
261 struct protox isoprotox[] = {
262 	{ ISO_TP,	N_TPSTAT,	1,	iso_protopr,
263 	  tp_stats,	NULL,		"tp" },
264 	{ N_CLTP,	N_CLTPSTAT,	1,	iso_protopr,
265 	  cltp_stats,	NULL,		"cltp" },
266 	{ -1,		N_CLNPSTAT,	1,	 0,
267 	  clnp_stats,	NULL,		"clnp"},
268 	{ -1,		N_ESISSTAT,	1,	 0,
269 	  esis_stats,	NULL,		"esis"},
270 	{ -1,		-1,		0,	0,
271 	  0,		NULL,		0 }
272 };
273 #endif
274 
275 struct protox *protoprotox[] = {
276 					 protox,
277 #ifdef INET6
278 					 ip6protox,
279 #endif
280 #ifdef IPSEC
281 					 pfkeyprotox,
282 #endif
283 					 ipxprotox, atalkprotox,
284 #ifdef NS
285 					 nsprotox,
286 #endif
287 #ifdef ISO
288 					 isoprotox,
289 #endif
290 					 NULL };
291 
292 static void printproto (struct protox *, char *);
293 static void usage (void);
294 static struct protox *name2protox (char *);
295 static struct protox *knownname (char *);
296 
297 static kvm_t *kvmd;
298 static char *nlistf = NULL, *memf = NULL;
299 
300 int	Aflag;		/* show addresses of protocol control block */
301 int	aflag;		/* show all sockets (including servers) */
302 int	bflag;		/* show i/f total bytes in/out */
303 int	cpuflag = -1;	/* dump route table from specific cpu */
304 int	dflag;		/* show i/f dropped packets */
305 int	gflag;		/* show group (multicast) routing or stats */
306 int	iflag;		/* show interfaces */
307 int	Lflag;		/* show size of listen queues */
308 int	mflag;		/* show memory stats */
309 int	Pflag;		/* show more protocol info (go past 80 columns) */
310 int	numeric_addr;	/* show addresses numerically */
311 int	numeric_port;	/* show ports numerically */
312 static int pflag;	/* show given protocol */
313 int	rflag;		/* show routing tables (or routing stats) */
314 int	sflag;		/* show protocol statistics */
315 int	tflag;		/* show i/f watchdog timers */
316 int	Bflag;		/* show buffer limit instead of buffer use */
317 int	Wflag;		/* wide display */
318 int	zflag;		/* zero stats */
319 
320 int	interval;	/* repeat interval for i/f stats */
321 
322 char	*interface;	/* desired i/f for stats, or NULL for all i/fs */
323 int	unit;		/* unit number for above */
324 
325 int	af;		/* address family */
326 
327 int
328 main(int argc, char **argv)
329 {
330 	struct protox *tp = NULL;  /* for printing cblocks & stats */
331 	int ch;
332 	int n;
333 
334 	af = AF_UNSPEC;
335 
336 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "Aabc:df:gI:iLlM:mN:nPp:rSsBtuWw:z")) != -1)
337 		switch(ch) {
338 		case 'A':
339 			Aflag = 1;
340 			break;
341 		case 'a':
342 			aflag = 1;
343 			break;
344 		case 'b':
345 			bflag = 1;
346 			break;
347 		case 'c':
348 			kread(0, 0, 0);
349 			kread(nl[N_NCPUS].n_value, (char *)&n, sizeof(n));
350 			cpuflag = strtol(optarg, NULL, 0);
351 			if (cpuflag < 0 || cpuflag >= n)
352 			    errx(1, "cpu %d does not exist", cpuflag);
353 			break;
354 		case 'd':
355 			dflag = 1;
356 			break;
357 		case 'f':
358 #ifdef NS
359 			if (strcmp(optarg, "ns") == 0)
360 				af = AF_NS;
361 			else
362 #endif
363 			if (strcmp(optarg, "ipx") == 0)
364 				af = AF_IPX;
365 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "inet") == 0)
366 				af = AF_INET;
367 #ifdef INET6
368 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "inet6") == 0)
369 				af = AF_INET6;
370 #endif /*INET6*/
371 #ifdef INET6
372 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "pfkey") == 0)
373 				af = PF_KEY;
374 #endif /*INET6*/
375 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "unix") == 0)
376 				af = AF_UNIX;
377 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "atalk") == 0)
378 				af = AF_APPLETALK;
379 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "ng") == 0
380 			    || strcmp(optarg, "netgraph") == 0)
381 				af = AF_NETGRAPH;
382 #ifdef ISO
383 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "iso") == 0)
384 				af = AF_ISO;
385 #endif
386 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "link") == 0)
387 				af = AF_LINK;
388 			else {
389 				errx(1, "%s: unknown address family", optarg);
390 			}
391 			break;
392 		case 'g':
393 			gflag = 1;
394 			break;
395 		case 'I': {
396 			char *cp;
397 
398 			iflag = 1;
399 			for (cp = interface = optarg; isalpha(*cp); cp++)
400 				continue;
401 			unit = atoi(cp);
402 			break;
403 		}
404 		case 'i':
405 			iflag = 1;
406 			break;
407 		case 'L':
408 			Lflag = 1;
409 			break;
410 		case 'M':
411 			memf = optarg;
412 			break;
413 		case 'm':
414 			mflag = 1;
415 			break;
416 		case 'N':
417 			nlistf = optarg;
418 			break;
419 		case 'n':
420 			numeric_addr = numeric_port = 1;
421 			break;
422 		case 'P':
423 			Pflag = 1;
424 			break;
425 		case 'p':
426 			if ((tp = name2protox(optarg)) == NULL) {
427 				errx(1,
428 				     "%s: unknown or uninstrumented protocol",
429 				     optarg);
430 			}
431 			pflag = 1;
432 			break;
433 		case 'r':
434 			rflag = 1;
435 			break;
436 		case 's':
437 			++sflag;
438 			break;
439 		case 'S':
440 			numeric_addr = 1;
441 			break;
442 		case 'B':
443 			Bflag = 1;
444 			break;
445 		case 't':
446 			tflag = 1;
447 			break;
448 		case 'u':
449 			af = AF_UNIX;
450 			break;
451 		case 'W':
452 		case 'l':
453 			Wflag = 1;
454 			break;
455 		case 'w':
456 			interval = atoi(optarg);
457 			iflag = 1;
458 			break;
459 		case 'z':
460 			zflag = 1;
461 			break;
462 		case '?':
463 		default:
464 			usage();
465 		}
466 	argv += optind;
467 	argc -= optind;
468 
469 #define	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
470 #ifdef	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
471 	if (*argv) {
472 		if (isdigit(**argv)) {
473 			interval = atoi(*argv);
474 			if (interval <= 0)
475 				usage();
476 			++argv;
477 			iflag = 1;
478 		}
479 		if (*argv) {
480 			nlistf = *argv;
481 			if (*++argv)
482 				memf = *argv;
483 		}
484 	}
485 #endif
486 
487 	/*
488 	 * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
489 	 * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
490 	 */
491 	if (nlistf != NULL || memf != NULL)
492 		setgid(getgid());
493 
494 	if (mflag) {
495 		if (memf != NULL) {
496 			if (kread(0, 0, 0) == 0)
497 				mbpr(nl[N_MBSTAT].n_value,
498 				    nl[N_MBTYPES].n_value,
499 				    nl[N_NMBCLUSTERS].n_value,
500 				    nl[N_NMBUFS].n_value);
501 		} else
502 			mbpr(0, 0, 0, 0);
503 		exit(0);
504 	}
505 #if 0
506 	/*
507 	 * Keep file descriptors open to avoid overhead
508 	 * of open/close on each call to get* routines.
509 	 */
510 	sethostent(1);
511 	setnetent(1);
512 #else
513 	/*
514 	 * This does not make sense any more with DNS being default over
515 	 * the files.  Doing a setXXXXent(1) causes a tcp connection to be
516 	 * used for the queries, which is slower.
517 	 */
518 #endif
519 	if (iflag && !sflag) {
520 		kread(0, 0, 0);
521 		intpr(interval, nl[N_IFNET].n_value, NULL);
522 		exit(0);
523 	}
524 	if (rflag) {
525 		kread(0, 0, 0);
526 		if (sflag)
527 			rt_stats();
528 		else
529 			routepr(nl[N_RTREE].n_value);
530 		exit(0);
531 	}
532 	if (gflag) {
533 		kread(0, 0, 0);
534 		if (sflag) {
535 			if (af == AF_INET || af == AF_UNSPEC)
536 				mrt_stats(nl[N_MRTSTAT].n_value);
537 #ifdef INET6
538 			if (af == AF_INET6 || af == AF_UNSPEC)
539 				mrt6_stats(nl[N_MRT6STAT].n_value);
540 #endif
541 		} else {
542 			if (af == AF_INET || af == AF_UNSPEC)
543 				mroutepr(nl[N_MFCTABLE].n_value,
544 					 nl[N_VIFTABLE].n_value);
545 #ifdef INET6
546 			if (af == AF_INET6 || af == AF_UNSPEC)
547 				mroute6pr(nl[N_MF6CTABLE].n_value,
548 					  nl[N_MIF6TABLE].n_value);
549 #endif
550 		}
551 		exit(0);
552 	}
553 
554 	kread(0, 0, 0);
555 	if (tp) {
556 		printproto(tp, tp->pr_name);
557 		exit(0);
558 	}
559 	if (af == AF_INET || af == AF_UNSPEC)
560 		for (tp = protox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
561 			printproto(tp, tp->pr_name);
562 #ifdef INET6
563 	if (af == AF_INET6 || af == AF_UNSPEC)
564 		for (tp = ip6protox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
565 			printproto(tp, tp->pr_name);
566 #endif /*INET6*/
567 #ifdef IPSEC
568 	if (af == PF_KEY || af == AF_UNSPEC)
569 		for (tp = pfkeyprotox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
570 			printproto(tp, tp->pr_name);
571 #endif /*IPSEC*/
572 	if (af == AF_IPX || af == AF_UNSPEC) {
573 		kread(0, 0, 0);
574 		for (tp = ipxprotox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
575 			printproto(tp, tp->pr_name);
576 	}
577 	if (af == AF_APPLETALK || af == AF_UNSPEC)
578 		for (tp = atalkprotox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
579 			printproto(tp, tp->pr_name);
580 	if (af == AF_NETGRAPH || af == AF_UNSPEC)
581 		for (tp = netgraphprotox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
582 			printproto(tp, tp->pr_name);
583 #ifdef NS
584 	if (af == AF_NS || af == AF_UNSPEC)
585 		for (tp = nsprotox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
586 			printproto(tp, tp->pr_name);
587 #endif
588 #ifdef ISO
589 	if (af == AF_ISO || af == AF_UNSPEC)
590 		for (tp = isoprotox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
591 			printproto(tp, tp->pr_name);
592 #endif
593 	if ((af == AF_UNIX || af == AF_UNSPEC) && !Lflag && !sflag)
594 		unixpr();
595 	exit(0);
596 }
597 
598 /*
599  * Print out protocol statistics or control blocks (per sflag).
600  * If the interface was not specifically requested, and the symbol
601  * is not in the namelist, ignore this one.
602  */
603 static void
604 printproto(struct protox *tp, char *name)
605 {
606 	void (*pr)(u_long, char *, int);
607 	u_long off;
608 
609 	if (sflag) {
610 		if (iflag) {
611 			if (tp->pr_istats)
612 				intpr(interval, nl[N_IFNET].n_value,
613 				      tp->pr_istats);
614 			else if (pflag)
615 				printf("%s: no per-interface stats routine\n",
616 				    tp->pr_name);
617 			return;
618 		}
619 		else {
620 			pr = tp->pr_stats;
621 			if (!pr) {
622 				if (pflag)
623 					printf("%s: no stats routine\n",
624 					    tp->pr_name);
625 				return;
626 			}
627 			off = tp->pr_usesysctl ? tp->pr_usesysctl
628 				: nl[tp->pr_sindex].n_value;
629 		}
630 	} else {
631 		pr = tp->pr_cblocks;
632 		if (!pr) {
633 			if (pflag)
634 				printf("%s: no PCB routine\n", tp->pr_name);
635 			return;
636 		}
637 		off = tp->pr_usesysctl ? tp->pr_usesysctl
638 			: nl[tp->pr_index].n_value;
639 	}
640 	if (pr != NULL && (off || af != AF_UNSPEC))
641 		(*pr)(off, name, af);
642 }
643 
644 /*
645  * Read kernel memory, return 0 on success.
646  */
647 int
648 kread(u_long addr, char *buf, int size)
649 {
650 	if (kvmd == 0) {
651 		/*
652 		 * XXX.
653 		 */
654 		kvmd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, buf);
655 		if (kvmd != NULL) {
656 			if (kvm_nlist(kvmd, nl) < 0) {
657 				if(nlistf)
658 					errx(1, "%s: kvm_nlist: %s", nlistf,
659 					     kvm_geterr(kvmd));
660 				else
661 					errx(1, "kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kvmd));
662 			}
663 
664 			if (nl[0].n_type == 0) {
665 				if(nlistf)
666 					errx(1, "%s: no namelist", nlistf);
667 				else
668 					errx(1, "no namelist");
669 			}
670 		} else {
671 			warnx("kvm not available");
672 			return(-1);
673 		}
674 	}
675 	if (!buf)
676 		return (0);
677 	if (kvm_read(kvmd, addr, buf, size) != size) {
678 		warnx("%s", kvm_geterr(kvmd));
679 		return (-1);
680 	}
681 	return (0);
682 }
683 
684 char *
685 plural(int n)
686 {
687 	return (n != 1 ? "s" : "");
688 }
689 
690 char *
691 plurales(int n)
692 {
693 	return (n != 1 ? "es" : "");
694 }
695 
696 /*
697  * Find the protox for the given "well-known" name.
698  */
699 static struct protox *
700 knownname(char *name)
701 {
702 	struct protox **tpp, *tp;
703 
704 	for (tpp = protoprotox; *tpp; tpp++)
705 		for (tp = *tpp; tp->pr_name; tp++)
706 			if (strcmp(tp->pr_name, name) == 0)
707 				return (tp);
708 	return (NULL);
709 }
710 
711 /*
712  * Find the protox corresponding to name.
713  */
714 static struct protox *
715 name2protox(char *name)
716 {
717 	struct protox *tp;
718 	char **alias;			/* alias from p->aliases */
719 	struct protoent *p;
720 
721 	/*
722 	 * Try to find the name in the list of "well-known" names. If that
723 	 * fails, check if name is an alias for an Internet protocol.
724 	 */
725 	if ((tp = knownname(name)) != NULL)
726 		return (tp);
727 
728 	setprotoent(1);			/* make protocol lookup cheaper */
729 	while ((p = getprotoent()) != NULL) {
730 		/* assert: name not same as p->name */
731 		for (alias = p->p_aliases; *alias; alias++)
732 			if (strcmp(name, *alias) == 0) {
733 				endprotoent();
734 				return (knownname(p->p_name));
735 			}
736 	}
737 	endprotoent();
738 	return (NULL);
739 }
740 
741 static void
742 usage(void)
743 {
744 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n",
745 "usage: netstat [-AaLnSW] [-c cpu] [-f protocol_family | -p protocol]\n"
746 "               [-M core] [-N system]",
747 "       netstat -i | -I interface [-abdnt] [-f address_family]\n"
748 "               [-M core] [-N system]",
749 "       netstat -w wait [-I interface] [-d] [-M core] [-N system]",
750 "       netstat -s [-s] [-z] [-f protocol_family | -p protocol] [-M core]",
751 "       netstat -i | -I interface -s [-f protocol_family | -p protocol]\n"
752 "               [-M core] [-N system]",
753 "       netstat -m [-M core] [-N system]",
754 "       netstat -r [-AanW] [-f address_family] [-M core] [-N system]",
755 "       netstat -rs [-s] [-M core] [-N system]",
756 "       netstat -g [-W] [-f address_family] [-M core] [-N system]",
757 "       netstat -gs [-s] [-f address_family] [-M core] [-N system]");
758 	exit(1);
759 }
760