xref: /dragonfly/usr.bin/pkill/pkill.c (revision 092c2dd1)
1 /*	$NetBSD: pkill.c,v 1.16 2005/10/10 22:13:20 kleink Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 2002 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * Copyright (c) 2005 Pawel Jakub Dawidek <pjd@FreeBSD.org>
6  * All rights reserved.
7  *
8  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
9  * by Andrew Doran.
10  *
11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13  * are met:
14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
21  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
22  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
23  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
24  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
25  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
26  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
27  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
28  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
29  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
30  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
31  *
32  * $FreeBSD: head/bin/pkill/pkill.c 256050 2013-10-04 16:08:44Z trasz $
33  */
34 
35 #include <sys/user.h>
36 #include <sys/types.h>
37 #include <sys/param.h>
38 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
39 #include <sys/queue.h>
40 #include <sys/stat.h>
41 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
42 #include <sys/time.h>
43 
44 #include <assert.h>
45 #include <stdio.h>
46 #include <stdlib.h>
47 #include <limits.h>
48 #include <paths.h>
49 #include <string.h>
50 #include <unistd.h>
51 #include <signal.h>
52 #include <regex.h>
53 #include <ctype.h>
54 #include <kvm.h>
55 #include <err.h>
56 #include <pwd.h>
57 #include <grp.h>
58 #include <errno.h>
59 #include <locale.h>
60 
61 #define	STATUS_MATCH	0
62 #define	STATUS_NOMATCH	1
63 #define	STATUS_BADUSAGE	2
64 #define	STATUS_ERROR	3
65 
66 #define	MIN_PID	5
67 #define	MAX_PID	PID_MAX
68 
69 /* Ignore system-processes (if '-S' flag is not specified) and myself. */
70 #define	PSKIP(kp)	((kp)->kp_pid == mypid ||	\
71 	    (!kthreads && (kp)->kp_pid <= 0))
72 
73 enum listtype {
74 	LT_GENERIC,
75 	LT_USER,
76 	LT_GROUP,
77 	LT_TTY,
78 	LT_PGRP,
79 	LT_JID,
80 	LT_SID,
81 	LT_CLASS
82 };
83 
84 struct list {
85 	SLIST_ENTRY(list) li_chain;
86 	long	li_number;
87 	char	*li_name;
88 };
89 
90 SLIST_HEAD(listhead, list);
91 
92 static struct kinfo_proc *plist;
93 static char	*selected;
94 static const char *delim = "\n";
95 static int	nproc;
96 static int	pgrep;
97 static int	signum = SIGTERM;
98 static int	newest;
99 static int	oldest;
100 static int	interactive;
101 static int	inverse;
102 static int	longfmt;
103 static int	matchargs;
104 static int	fullmatch;
105 static int	kthreads;
106 static int	cflags = REG_EXTENDED;
107 static int	quiet;
108 static kvm_t	*kd;
109 static pid_t	mypid;
110 
111 static struct listhead euidlist = SLIST_HEAD_INITIALIZER(euidlist);
112 static struct listhead ruidlist = SLIST_HEAD_INITIALIZER(ruidlist);
113 static struct listhead rgidlist = SLIST_HEAD_INITIALIZER(rgidlist);
114 static struct listhead pgrplist = SLIST_HEAD_INITIALIZER(pgrplist);
115 static struct listhead ppidlist = SLIST_HEAD_INITIALIZER(ppidlist);
116 static struct listhead tdevlist = SLIST_HEAD_INITIALIZER(tdevlist);
117 static struct listhead sidlist = SLIST_HEAD_INITIALIZER(sidlist);
118 static struct listhead jidlist = SLIST_HEAD_INITIALIZER(jidlist);
119 static struct listhead classlist = SLIST_HEAD_INITIALIZER(classlist);
120 
121 static void	usage(void) __attribute__((__noreturn__));
122 static int	killact(const struct kinfo_proc *);
123 static int	grepact(const struct kinfo_proc *);
124 static void	makelist(struct listhead *, enum listtype, char *);
125 static int	takepid(const char *, int);
126 
127 int
128 main(int argc, char **argv)
129 {
130 	char buf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX], *mstr, **pargv, *p, *q, *pidfile;
131 	const char *execf, *coref;
132 	int ancestors, debug_opt, did_action;
133 	int i, ch, bestidx, rv, criteria, pidfromfile, pidfilelock;
134 	size_t jsz;
135 	int (*action)(const struct kinfo_proc *);
136 	struct kinfo_proc *kp;
137 	struct list *li;
138 	struct timeval best_tval;
139 	regex_t reg;
140 	regmatch_t regmatch;
141 	pid_t pid;
142 
143 	setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
144 
145 	if (strcmp(getprogname(), "pgrep") == 0) {
146 		action = grepact;
147 		pgrep = 1;
148 	} else {
149 		action = killact;
150 		p = argv[1];
151 
152 		if (argc > 1 && p[0] == '-') {
153 			p++;
154 			i = (int)strtol(p, &q, 10);
155 			if (*q == '\0') {
156 				signum = i;
157 				argv++;
158 				argc--;
159 			} else {
160 				if (strncasecmp(p, "SIG", 3) == 0)
161 					p += 3;
162 				for (i = 1; i < NSIG; i++)
163 					if (strcasecmp(sys_signame[i], p) == 0)
164 						break;
165 				if (i != NSIG) {
166 					signum = i;
167 					argv++;
168 					argc--;
169 				}
170 			}
171 		}
172 	}
173 
174 	ancestors = 0;
175 	criteria = 0;
176 	debug_opt = 0;
177 	pidfile = NULL;
178 	pidfilelock = 0;
179 	quiet = 0;
180 	execf = NULL;
181 	coref = _PATH_DEVNULL;
182 
183 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "DF:G:ILM:N:P:SU:ac:d:fg:ij:lnoqs:t:u:vx")) != -1)
184 		switch (ch) {
185 		case 'D':
186 			debug_opt++;
187 			break;
188 		case 'F':
189 			pidfile = optarg;
190 			criteria = 1;
191 			break;
192 		case 'G':
193 			makelist(&rgidlist, LT_GROUP, optarg);
194 			criteria = 1;
195 			break;
196 		case 'I':
197 			if (pgrep)
198 				usage();
199 			interactive = 1;
200 			break;
201 		case 'L':
202 			pidfilelock = 1;
203 			break;
204 		case 'M':
205 			coref = optarg;
206 			break;
207 		case 'N':
208 			execf = optarg;
209 			break;
210 		case 'P':
211 			makelist(&ppidlist, LT_GENERIC, optarg);
212 			criteria = 1;
213 			break;
214 		case 'S':
215 			if (!pgrep)
216 				usage();
217 			kthreads = 1;
218 			break;
219 		case 'U':
220 			makelist(&ruidlist, LT_USER, optarg);
221 			criteria = 1;
222 			break;
223 		case 'a':
224 			ancestors++;
225 			break;
226 		case 'c':
227 			makelist(&classlist, LT_CLASS, optarg);
228 			criteria = 1;
229 			break;
230 		case 'd':
231 			if (!pgrep)
232 				usage();
233 			delim = optarg;
234 			break;
235 		case 'f':
236 			matchargs = 1;
237 			break;
238 		case 'g':
239 			makelist(&pgrplist, LT_PGRP, optarg);
240 			criteria = 1;
241 			break;
242 		case 'i':
243 			cflags |= REG_ICASE;
244 			break;
245 		case 'j':
246 			makelist(&jidlist, LT_JID, optarg);
247 			criteria = 1;
248 			break;
249 		case 'l':
250 			longfmt = 1;
251 			break;
252 		case 'n':
253 			newest = 1;
254 			criteria = 1;
255 			break;
256 		case 'o':
257 			oldest = 1;
258 			criteria = 1;
259 			break;
260 		case 'q':
261 			if (!pgrep)
262 				usage();
263 			quiet = 1;
264 			break;
265 		case 's':
266 			makelist(&sidlist, LT_SID, optarg);
267 			criteria = 1;
268 			break;
269 		case 't':
270 			makelist(&tdevlist, LT_TTY, optarg);
271 			criteria = 1;
272 			break;
273 		case 'u':
274 			makelist(&euidlist, LT_USER, optarg);
275 			criteria = 1;
276 			break;
277 		case 'v':
278 			inverse = 1;
279 			break;
280 		case 'x':
281 			fullmatch = 1;
282 			break;
283 		default:
284 			usage();
285 			/* NOTREACHED */
286 		}
287 
288 	argc -= optind;
289 	argv += optind;
290 	if (argc != 0)
291 		criteria = 1;
292 	if (!criteria)
293 		usage();
294 	if (newest && oldest)
295 		errx(STATUS_ERROR, "Options -n and -o are mutually exclusive");
296 	if (pidfile != NULL)
297 		pidfromfile = takepid(pidfile, pidfilelock);
298 	else {
299 		if (pidfilelock) {
300 			errx(STATUS_ERROR,
301 			    "Option -L doesn't make sense without -F");
302 		}
303 		pidfromfile = -1;
304 	}
305 
306 	mypid = getpid();
307 
308 	/*
309 	 * Retrieve the list of running processes from the kernel.
310 	 */
311 	kd = kvm_openfiles(execf, coref, NULL, O_RDONLY, buf);
312 	if (kd == NULL)
313 		errx(STATUS_ERROR, "Cannot open kernel files (%s)", buf);
314 
315 	if (pidfromfile >= 0)
316 		plist = kvm_getprocs(kd, KERN_PROC_PID, pidfromfile, &nproc);
317 	else
318 		plist = kvm_getprocs(kd, KERN_PROC_ALL, 0, &nproc);
319 	if (plist == NULL) {
320 		errx(STATUS_ERROR, "Cannot get process list (%s)",
321 		    kvm_geterr(kd));
322 	}
323 
324 	/*
325 	 * Allocate memory which will be used to keep track of the
326 	 * selection.
327 	 */
328 	if ((selected = malloc(nproc)) == NULL) {
329 		err(STATUS_ERROR, "Cannot allocate memory for %d processes",
330 		    nproc);
331 	}
332 	memset(selected, 0, nproc);
333 
334 	/*
335 	 * Refine the selection.
336 	 */
337 	for (; *argv != NULL; argv++) {
338 		if ((rv = regcomp(&reg, *argv, cflags)) != 0) {
339 			regerror(rv, &reg, buf, sizeof(buf));
340 			errx(STATUS_BADUSAGE,
341 			    "Cannot compile regular expression `%s' (%s)",
342 			    *argv, buf);
343 		}
344 
345 		for (i = 0, kp = plist; i < nproc; i++, kp++) {
346 			if (PSKIP(kp)) {
347 				if (debug_opt > 0)
348 				    fprintf(stderr, "* Skipped %5d %3d %s\n",
349 					kp->kp_pid, kp->kp_uid, kp->kp_comm);
350 				continue;
351 			}
352 
353 			if (matchargs &&
354 			    (pargv = kvm_getargv(kd, kp, 0)) != NULL) {
355 				jsz = 0;
356 				while (jsz < sizeof(buf) && *pargv != NULL) {
357 					jsz += snprintf(buf + jsz,
358 					    sizeof(buf) - jsz,
359 					    pargv[1] != NULL ? "%s " : "%s",
360 					    pargv[0]);
361 					pargv++;
362 				}
363 				mstr = buf;
364 			} else
365 				mstr = kp->kp_comm;
366 
367 			rv = regexec(&reg, mstr, 1, &regmatch, 0);
368 			if (rv == 0) {
369 				if (fullmatch) {
370 					if (regmatch.rm_so == 0 &&
371 					    regmatch.rm_eo ==
372 					    (off_t)strlen(mstr))
373 						selected[i] = 1;
374 				} else
375 					selected[i] = 1;
376 			} else if (rv != REG_NOMATCH) {
377 				regerror(rv, &reg, buf, sizeof(buf));
378 				errx(STATUS_ERROR,
379 				    "Regular expression evaluation error (%s)",
380 				    buf);
381 			}
382 			if (debug_opt > 1) {
383 				const char *rv_res = "NoMatch";
384 				if (selected[i])
385 					rv_res = "Matched";
386 				fprintf(stderr, "* %s %5d %3d %s\n", rv_res,
387 				    kp->kp_pid, kp->kp_uid, mstr);
388 			}
389 		}
390 
391 		regfree(&reg);
392 	}
393 
394 	for (i = 0, kp = plist; i < nproc; i++, kp++) {
395 		if (PSKIP(kp))
396 			continue;
397 
398 		if (pidfromfile >= 0 && kp->kp_pid != pidfromfile) {
399 			selected[i] = 0;
400 			continue;
401 		}
402 
403 		SLIST_FOREACH(li, &ruidlist, li_chain)
404 			if (kp->kp_ruid == (uid_t)li->li_number)
405 				break;
406 		if (SLIST_FIRST(&ruidlist) != NULL && li == NULL) {
407 			selected[i] = 0;
408 			continue;
409 		}
410 
411 		SLIST_FOREACH(li, &rgidlist, li_chain)
412 			if (kp->kp_rgid == (gid_t)li->li_number)
413 				break;
414 		if (SLIST_FIRST(&rgidlist) != NULL && li == NULL) {
415 			selected[i] = 0;
416 			continue;
417 		}
418 
419 		SLIST_FOREACH(li, &euidlist, li_chain)
420 			if (kp->kp_uid == (uid_t)li->li_number)
421 				break;
422 		if (SLIST_FIRST(&euidlist) != NULL && li == NULL) {
423 			selected[i] = 0;
424 			continue;
425 		}
426 
427 		SLIST_FOREACH(li, &ppidlist, li_chain)
428 			if (kp->kp_ppid == (pid_t)li->li_number)
429 				break;
430 		if (SLIST_FIRST(&ppidlist) != NULL && li == NULL) {
431 			selected[i] = 0;
432 			continue;
433 		}
434 
435 		SLIST_FOREACH(li, &pgrplist, li_chain)
436 			if (kp->kp_pgid == (pid_t)li->li_number)
437 				break;
438 		if (SLIST_FIRST(&pgrplist) != NULL && li == NULL) {
439 			selected[i] = 0;
440 			continue;
441 		}
442 
443 		SLIST_FOREACH(li, &tdevlist, li_chain) {
444 			if (li->li_number == -1 &&
445 			    (kp->kp_flags & P_CONTROLT) == 0)
446 				break;
447 			if (kp->kp_tdev == (dev_t)li->li_number)
448 				break;
449 		}
450 		if (SLIST_FIRST(&tdevlist) != NULL && li == NULL) {
451 			selected[i] = 0;
452 			continue;
453 		}
454 
455 		SLIST_FOREACH(li, &sidlist, li_chain)
456 			if (kp->kp_sid == (pid_t)li->li_number)
457 				break;
458 		if (SLIST_FIRST(&sidlist) != NULL && li == NULL) {
459 			selected[i] = 0;
460 			continue;
461 		}
462 
463 		SLIST_FOREACH(li, &jidlist, li_chain) {
464 			/* A particular jail ID, including 0 (not in jail) */
465 			if (kp->kp_jailid == (int)li->li_number)
466 				break;
467 			/* Any jail */
468 			if (kp->kp_jailid > 0 && li->li_number == -1)
469 				break;
470 		}
471 		if (SLIST_FIRST(&jidlist) != NULL && li == NULL) {
472 			selected[i] = 0;
473 			continue;
474 		}
475 
476 		SLIST_FOREACH(li, &classlist, li_chain) {
477 			/*
478 			 * We skip P_SYSTEM processes to match ps(1) output.
479 			 */
480 			if ((kp->kp_flags & P_SYSTEM) == 0)
481 				break;
482 		}
483 		if (SLIST_FIRST(&classlist) != NULL && li == NULL) {
484 			selected[i] = 0;
485 			continue;
486 		}
487 
488 		if (argc == 0)
489 			selected[i] = 1;
490 	}
491 
492 	if (!ancestors) {
493 		pid = mypid;
494 		while (pid) {
495 			for (i = 0, kp = plist; i < nproc; i++, kp++) {
496 				if (PSKIP(kp))
497 					continue;
498 				if (kp->kp_pid == pid) {
499 					selected[i] = 0;
500 					pid = kp->kp_ppid;
501 					break;
502 				}
503 			}
504 			if (i == nproc) {
505 				if (pid == mypid)
506 					pid = getppid();
507 				else
508 					break;	/* Maybe we're in a jail ? */
509 			}
510 		}
511 	}
512 
513 	if (newest || oldest) {
514 		best_tval.tv_sec = 0;
515 		best_tval.tv_usec = 0;
516 		bestidx = -1;
517 
518 		for (i = 0, kp = plist; i < nproc; i++, kp++) {
519 			if (!selected[i])
520 				continue;
521 			if (bestidx == -1) {
522 				/* The first entry of the list which matched. */
523 				;
524 			} else if (timercmp(&kp->kp_start, &best_tval, >)) {
525 				/* This entry is newer than previous "best". */
526 				if (oldest)	/* but we want the oldest */
527 					continue;
528 			} else {
529 				/* This entry is older than previous "best". */
530 				if (newest)	/* but we want the newest */
531 					continue;
532 			}
533 			/* This entry is better than previous "best" entry. */
534 			best_tval.tv_sec = kp->kp_start.tv_sec;
535 			best_tval.tv_usec = kp->kp_start.tv_usec;
536 			bestidx = i;
537 		}
538 
539 		memset(selected, 0, nproc);
540 		if (bestidx != -1)
541 			selected[bestidx] = 1;
542 	}
543 
544 	/*
545 	 * Take the appropriate action for each matched process, if any.
546 	 */
547 	did_action = 0;
548 	for (i = 0, rv = 0, kp = plist; i < nproc; i++, kp++) {
549 		if (PSKIP(kp))
550 			continue;
551 		if (selected[i]) {
552 			if (longfmt && !pgrep) {
553 				did_action = 1;
554 				printf("kill -%d %d\n", signum, kp->kp_pid);
555 			}
556 			if (inverse)
557 				continue;
558 		} else if (!inverse)
559 			continue;
560 		rv |= (*action)(kp);
561 	}
562 	if (!did_action && !pgrep && longfmt)
563 		fprintf(stderr,
564 		    "No matching processes belonging to you were found\n");
565 
566 	exit(rv ? STATUS_MATCH : STATUS_NOMATCH);
567 }
568 
569 static void
570 usage(void)
571 {
572 	const char *ustr;
573 
574 	if (pgrep)
575 		ustr = "[-LSfilnoqvx] [-d delim]";
576 	else
577 		ustr = "[-signal] [-ILfilnovx]";
578 
579 	fprintf(stderr,
580 		"usage: %s %s [-F pidfile] [-G gid] [-M core] [-N system]\n"
581 		"             [-P ppid] [-U uid] [-c class] [-g pgrp] [-j jid]\n"
582 		"             [-s sid] [-t tty] [-u euid] pattern ...\n",
583 		getprogname(), ustr);
584 
585 	exit(STATUS_BADUSAGE);
586 }
587 
588 static void
589 show_process(const struct kinfo_proc *kp)
590 {
591 	char **argv;
592 
593 	if (quiet) {
594 		assert(pgrep);
595 		return;
596 	}
597 	if ((longfmt || !pgrep) && matchargs &&
598 	    (argv = kvm_getargv(kd, kp, 0)) != NULL) {
599 		printf("%d ", (int)kp->kp_pid);
600 		for (; *argv != NULL; argv++) {
601 			printf("%s", *argv);
602 			if (argv[1] != NULL)
603 				putchar(' ');
604 		}
605 	} else if (longfmt || !pgrep)
606 		printf("%d %s", (int)kp->kp_pid, kp->kp_comm);
607 	else
608 		printf("%d", (int)kp->kp_pid);
609 }
610 
611 static int
612 killact(const struct kinfo_proc *kp)
613 {
614 	int ch, first;
615 
616 	if (interactive) {
617 		/*
618 		 * Be careful, ask before killing.
619 		 */
620 		printf("kill ");
621 		show_process(kp);
622 		printf("? ");
623 		fflush(stdout);
624 		first = ch = getchar();
625 		while (ch != '\n' && ch != EOF)
626 			ch = getchar();
627 		if (first != 'y' && first != 'Y')
628 			return (1);
629 	}
630 	if (kill(kp->kp_pid, signum) == -1) {
631 		/*
632 		 * Check for ESRCH, which indicates that the process
633 		 * disappeared between us matching it and us
634 		 * signalling it; don't issue a warning about it.
635 		 */
636 		if (errno != ESRCH)
637 			warn("signalling pid %d", (int)kp->kp_pid);
638 		/*
639 		 * Return 0 to indicate that the process should not be
640 		 * considered a match, since we didn't actually get to
641 		 * signal it.
642 		 */
643 		return (0);
644 	}
645 	return (1);
646 }
647 
648 static int
649 grepact(const struct kinfo_proc *kp)
650 {
651 
652 	show_process(kp);
653 	if (!quiet)
654 		printf("%s", delim);
655 	return (1);
656 }
657 
658 static void
659 makelist(struct listhead *head, enum listtype type, char *src)
660 {
661 	struct list *li;
662 	struct passwd *pw;
663 	struct group *gr;
664 	struct stat st;
665 	const char *cp;
666 	char *sp, *ep, buf[MAXPATHLEN];
667 	int empty;
668 
669 	empty = 1;
670 
671 	while ((sp = strsep(&src, ",")) != NULL) {
672 		if (*sp == '\0')
673 			usage();
674 
675 		if ((li = malloc(sizeof(*li))) == NULL) {
676 			err(STATUS_ERROR, "Cannot allocate %zu bytes",
677 			    sizeof(*li));
678 		}
679 
680 		SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(head, li, li_chain);
681 		empty = 0;
682 
683 		if (type != LT_CLASS)
684 			li->li_number = (uid_t)strtol(sp, &ep, 0);
685 
686 		if (type != LT_CLASS && *ep == '\0') {
687 			switch (type) {
688 			case LT_PGRP:
689 				if (li->li_number == 0)
690 					li->li_number = getpgrp();
691 				break;
692 			case LT_SID:
693 				if (li->li_number == 0)
694 					li->li_number = getsid(mypid);
695 				break;
696 			case LT_JID:
697 				if (li->li_number < 0)
698 					errx(STATUS_BADUSAGE,
699 					     "Negative jail ID `%s'", sp);
700 				/* For compatibility with old -j */
701 				if (li->li_number == 0)
702 					li->li_number = -1;	/* any jail */
703 				break;
704 			case LT_TTY:
705 				if (li->li_number < 0)
706 					errx(STATUS_BADUSAGE,
707 					     "Negative /dev/pts tty `%s'", sp);
708 				snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), _PATH_DEV "pts/%s",
709 				    sp);
710 				if (stat(buf, &st) != -1)
711 					goto foundtty;
712 				if (errno == ENOENT)
713 					errx(STATUS_BADUSAGE, "No such tty: `"
714 					    _PATH_DEV "pts/%s'", sp);
715 				err(STATUS_ERROR, "Cannot access `"
716 				    _PATH_DEV "pts/%s'", sp);
717 				break;
718 			default:
719 				break;
720 			}
721 			continue;
722 		}
723 
724 		switch (type) {
725 		case LT_USER:
726 			if ((pw = getpwnam(sp)) == NULL)
727 				errx(STATUS_BADUSAGE, "Unknown user `%s'", sp);
728 			li->li_number = pw->pw_uid;
729 			break;
730 		case LT_GROUP:
731 			if ((gr = getgrnam(sp)) == NULL)
732 				errx(STATUS_BADUSAGE, "Unknown group `%s'", sp);
733 			li->li_number = gr->gr_gid;
734 			break;
735 		case LT_TTY:
736 			if (strcmp(sp, "-") == 0) {
737 				li->li_number = -1;
738 				break;
739 			} else if (strcmp(sp, "co") == 0) {
740 				cp = "console";
741 			} else {
742 				cp = sp;
743 			}
744 
745 			snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), _PATH_DEV "%s", cp);
746 			if (stat(buf, &st) != -1)
747 				goto foundtty;
748 
749 			snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), _PATH_DEV "tty%s", cp);
750 			if (stat(buf, &st) != -1)
751 				goto foundtty;
752 
753 			if (errno == ENOENT)
754 				errx(STATUS_BADUSAGE, "No such tty: `%s'", sp);
755 			err(STATUS_ERROR, "Cannot access `%s'", sp);
756 
757 foundtty:		if ((st.st_mode & S_IFCHR) == 0)
758 				errx(STATUS_BADUSAGE, "Not a tty: `%s'", sp);
759 
760 			li->li_number = st.st_rdev;
761 			break;
762 		case LT_JID:
763 			if (strcmp(sp, "none") == 0)
764 				li->li_number = 0;
765 			else if (strcmp(sp, "any") == 0)
766 				li->li_number = -1;
767 			else if (*ep != '\0')
768 				errx(STATUS_BADUSAGE,
769 				     "Invalid jail ID `%s'", sp);
770 			break;
771 		case LT_CLASS:
772 			li->li_number = -1;
773 			li->li_name = strdup(sp);
774 			if (li->li_name == NULL)
775 				err(STATUS_ERROR, "Cannot allocate memory");
776 			break;
777 		default:
778 			usage();
779 		}
780 	}
781 
782 	if (empty)
783 		usage();
784 }
785 
786 static int
787 takepid(const char *pidfile, int pidfilelock)
788 {
789 	char *endp, line[BUFSIZ];
790 	FILE *fh;
791 	long rval;
792 
793 	fh = fopen(pidfile, "r");
794 	if (fh == NULL)
795 		err(STATUS_ERROR, "Cannot open pidfile `%s'", pidfile);
796 
797 	if (pidfilelock) {
798 		/*
799 		 * If we can lock pidfile, this means that daemon is not
800 		 * running, so would be better not to kill some random process.
801 		 */
802 		if (flock(fileno(fh), LOCK_EX | LOCK_NB) == 0) {
803 			(void)fclose(fh);
804 			errx(STATUS_ERROR, "File '%s' can be locked", pidfile);
805 		} else {
806 			if (errno != EWOULDBLOCK) {
807 				errx(STATUS_ERROR,
808 				    "Error while locking file '%s'", pidfile);
809 			}
810 		}
811 	}
812 
813 	if (fgets(line, sizeof(line), fh) == NULL) {
814 		if (feof(fh)) {
815 			(void)fclose(fh);
816 			errx(STATUS_ERROR, "Pidfile `%s' is empty", pidfile);
817 		}
818 		(void)fclose(fh);
819 		err(STATUS_ERROR, "Cannot read from pid file `%s'", pidfile);
820 	}
821 	(void)fclose(fh);
822 
823 	rval = strtol(line, &endp, 10);
824 	if (*endp != '\0' && !isspace((unsigned char)*endp))
825 		errx(STATUS_ERROR, "Invalid pid in file `%s'", pidfile);
826 	else if (rval < MIN_PID || rval > MAX_PID)
827 		errx(STATUS_ERROR, "Invalid pid in file `%s'", pidfile);
828 	return (rval);
829 }
830