1.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 6.\" are met: 7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 12.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 13.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 14.\" without specific prior written permission. 15.\" 16.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 17.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 18.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 19.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 20.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 21.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 22.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 23.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 24.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 25.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 26.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 27.\" 28.\" @(#)time.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93 29.\" $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/time/time.1,v 1.13.2.5 2002/12/29 16:35:40 schweikh Exp $ 30.\" 31.Dd June 6, 1993 32.Dt TIME 1 33.Os 34.Sh NAME 35.Nm time 36.Nd time command execution 37.Sh SYNOPSIS 38.Nm 39.Op Fl al 40.Op Fl h | Fl p 41.Op Fl o Ar file 42.Ar utility Op Ar argument ... 43.Sh DESCRIPTION 44The 45.Nm 46utility 47executes and 48times the specified 49.Ar utility . 50After the 51.Ar utility 52finishes, 53.Nm 54writes to the standard error stream, 55(in seconds): 56the total time elapsed, 57the time used to execute the 58.Ar utility 59process and the time consumed by system overhead. 60.Pp 61Available options: 62.Bl -tag -width Ds 63.It Fl a 64If the 65.Fl o 66flag is used, append to the specified file rather than overwriting 67it. 68Otherwise, this option has no effect. 69.It Fl h 70Print times in a human friendly format. 71Times are printed in minutes, hours, 72etc. as appropriate. 73.It Fl l 74The contents of the 75.Em rusage 76structure are printed as well. 77.It Fl o Ar file 78Write the output to 79.Ar file 80instead of stderr. 81If 82.Ar file 83exists and the 84.Fl a 85flag is not specified, the file will be overwritten. 86.It Fl p 87Makes 88.Nm 89output POSIX.2 compliant (each time is printed on its own line). 90.El 91.Pp 92Some shells may provide a builtin 93.Nm 94command which is similar or identical to this utility. 95Consult the 96.Xr builtin 1 97manual page. 98.Sh EXIT STATUS 99If 100.Ar utility 101could be timed successfully, its exit status is returned. 102If the 103.Ar utility 104was found but could not be run, the exit status is 126. 105If no 106.Ar utility 107could be found at all, the exit status is 127. 108If 109.Nm 110encounters any other error, the exit status is between 1 and 125 111included. 112.Sh DIAGNOSTICS 113If 114.Ar utility 115terminated abnormally, a warning message is output to stderr. 116.Sh SEE ALSO 117.Xr builtin 1 , 118.Xr csh 1 , 119.Xr getrusage 2 , 120.Xr wait 2 121.Sh STANDARDS 122The 123.Nm 124utility is expected to conform to ISO/IEC 9945-2:1993 (``POSIX''). 125.Sh HISTORY 126A 127.Nm 128command appeared in 129.At v3 . 130