1.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 6.\" are met: 7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 12.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 13.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 14.\" without specific prior written permission. 15.\" 16.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 17.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 18.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 19.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 20.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 21.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 22.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 23.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 24.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 25.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 26.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 27.\" 28.\" @(#)time.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93 29.\" $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/time/time.1,v 1.13.2.5 2002/12/29 16:35:40 schweikh Exp $ 30.\" $DragonFly: src/usr.bin/time/time.1,v 1.3 2004/07/16 19:04:57 hmp Exp $ 31.\" 32.Dd June 6, 1993 33.Dt TIME 1 34.Os 35.Sh NAME 36.Nm time 37.Nd time command execution 38.Sh SYNOPSIS 39.Nm 40.Op Fl al 41.Op Fl h | Fl p 42.Op Fl o Ar file 43.Ar utility Op Ar argument ... 44.Sh DESCRIPTION 45The 46.Nm 47utility 48executes and 49times the specified 50.Ar utility . 51After the 52.Ar utility 53finishes, 54.Nm 55writes to the standard error stream, 56(in seconds): 57the total time elapsed, 58the time used to execute the 59.Ar utility 60process and the time consumed by system overhead. 61.Pp 62Available options: 63.Bl -tag -width Ds 64.It Fl a 65If the 66.Fl o 67flag is used, append to the specified file rather than overwriting 68it. 69Otherwise, this option has no effect. 70.It Fl h 71Print times in a human friendly format. 72Times are printed in minutes, hours, 73etc. as appropriate. 74.It Fl l 75The contents of the 76.Em rusage 77structure are printed as well. 78.It Fl o Ar file 79Write the output to 80.Ar file 81instead of stderr. 82If 83.Ar file 84exists and the 85.Fl a 86flag is not specified, the file will be overwritten. 87.It Fl p 88Makes 89.Nm 90output POSIX.2 compliant (each time is printed on its own line). 91.El 92.Pp 93Some shells may provide a builtin 94.Nm 95command which is similar or identical to this utility. 96Consult the 97.Xr builtin 1 98manual page. 99.Sh DIAGNOSTICS 100If 101.Ar utility 102could be timed successfully, its exit status is returned. 103If 104.Ar utility 105terminated abnormally, a warning message is output to stderr. 106If the 107.Ar utility 108was found but could not be run, the exit status is 126. 109If no 110.Ar utility 111could be found at all, the exit status is 127. 112If 113.Nm 114encounters any other error, the exit status is between 1 and 125 115included. 116.Sh SEE ALSO 117.Xr builtin 1 , 118.Xr csh 1 , 119.Xr getrusage 2 , 120.Xr wait 2 121.Sh STANDARDS 122The 123.Nm 124utility is expected to conform to ISO/IEC 9945-2:1993 (``POSIX''). 125.Sh HISTORY 126A 127.Nm 128command appeared in 129.At v3 . 130