xref: /dragonfly/usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c (revision 16fb0422)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
15  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
16  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19  *    without specific prior written permission.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
32  *
33  * @(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993 The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
34  * @(#)vmstat.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
35  * $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c,v 1.38.2.4 2001/07/31 19:52:41 tmm Exp $
36  * $DragonFly: src/usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c,v 1.23 2008/02/19 18:19:15 thomas Exp $
37  */
38 
39 #include <sys/user.h>
40 #include <sys/param.h>
41 #include <sys/time.h>
42 #include <sys/uio.h>
43 #include <sys/namei.h>
44 #include <sys/malloc.h>
45 #include <sys/signal.h>
46 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
47 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
48 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
49 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
50 #include <sys/interrupt.h>
51 
52 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
53 
54 #include <ctype.h>
55 #include <err.h>
56 #include <errno.h>
57 #include <kinfo.h>
58 #include <kvm.h>
59 #include <limits.h>
60 #include <nlist.h>
61 #include <paths.h>
62 #include <stdio.h>
63 #include <stdlib.h>
64 #include <string.h>
65 #include <sysexits.h>
66 #include <time.h>
67 #include <unistd.h>
68 #include <devstat.h>
69 
70 static struct nlist namelist[] = {
71 #define	X_BOOTTIME	0
72 	{ "_boottime",	0, 0, 0, 0 },
73 #define X_NCHSTATS	1
74 	{ "_nchstats",	0, 0, 0, 0 },
75 #define	X_KMEMSTATISTICS	2
76 	{ "_kmemstatistics",	0, 0, 0, 0 },
77 #define	X_ZLIST		3
78 	{ "_zlist",	0, 0, 0, 0 },
79 #ifdef notyet
80 #define	X_DEFICIT	4
81 	{ "_deficit",	0, 0, 0, 0 },
82 #define	X_FORKSTAT	5
83 	{ "_forkstat",	0, 0, 0, 0 },
84 #define X_REC		6
85 	{ "_rectime",	0, 0, 0, 0 },
86 #define X_PGIN		7
87 	{ "_pgintime",	0, 0, 0, 0 },
88 #define	X_XSTATS	8
89 	{ "_xstats",	0, 0, 0, 0 },
90 #define X_END		9
91 #else
92 #define X_END		4
93 #endif
94 	{ "", 0, 0, 0, 0 },
95 };
96 
97 struct statinfo cur, last;
98 int num_devices, maxshowdevs;
99 long generation;
100 struct device_selection *dev_select;
101 int num_selected;
102 struct devstat_match *matches;
103 int num_matches = 0;
104 int num_devices_specified, num_selections;
105 long select_generation;
106 char **specified_devices;
107 devstat_select_mode select_mode;
108 
109 struct	vmmeter vmm, ovmm;
110 struct	vmstats vms, ovms;
111 
112 int	winlines = 20;
113 int	nflag = 0;
114 int	verbose = 0;
115 
116 kvm_t *kd;
117 
118 struct kinfo_cputime cp_time, old_cp_time, diff_cp_time;
119 
120 #define	FORKSTAT	0x01
121 #define	INTRSTAT	0x02
122 #define	MEMSTAT		0x04
123 #define	SUMSTAT		0x08
124 #define	TIMESTAT	0x10
125 #define	VMSTAT		0x20
126 #define ZMEMSTAT	0x40
127 
128 static void cpustats(void);
129 static void dointr(void);
130 static void domem(void);
131 static void dosum(void);
132 static void dozmem(void);
133 static void dovmstat(u_int, int);
134 static void kread(int, void *, size_t);
135 static void usage(void);
136 static char **getdrivedata(char **);
137 static long getuptime(void);
138 static void needhdr(int);
139 static long pct(long, long);
140 
141 #ifdef notyet
142 static void dotimes(void); /* Not implemented */
143 static void doforkst(void);
144 #endif
145 static void printhdr(void);
146 static void devstats(void);
147 
148 int
149 main(int argc, char **argv)
150 {
151 	int c, todo;
152 	u_int interval;		/* milliseconds */
153 	int reps;
154 	char *memf, *nlistf;
155 	char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
156 
157 	memf = nlistf = NULL;
158 	interval = reps = todo = 0;
159 	maxshowdevs = 2;
160 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "c:fiM:mN:n:p:stvw:z")) != -1) {
161 		switch (c) {
162 		case 'c':
163 			reps = atoi(optarg);
164 			break;
165 		case 'f':
166 #ifdef notyet
167 			todo |= FORKSTAT;
168 #else
169 			errx(EX_USAGE, "sorry, -f is not (re)implemented yet");
170 #endif
171 			break;
172 		case 'i':
173 			todo |= INTRSTAT;
174 			break;
175 		case 'M':
176 			memf = optarg;
177 			break;
178 		case 'm':
179 			todo |= MEMSTAT;
180 			break;
181 		case 'N':
182 			nlistf = optarg;
183 			break;
184 		case 'n':
185 			nflag = 1;
186 			maxshowdevs = atoi(optarg);
187 			if (maxshowdevs < 0)
188 				errx(1, "number of devices %d is < 0",
189 				     maxshowdevs);
190 			break;
191 		case 'p':
192 			if (buildmatch(optarg, &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
193 				errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
194 			break;
195 		case 's':
196 			todo |= SUMSTAT;
197 			break;
198 		case 't':
199 #ifdef notyet
200 			todo |= TIMESTAT;
201 #else
202 			errx(EX_USAGE, "sorry, -t is not (re)implemented yet");
203 #endif
204 			break;
205 		case 'v':
206 			++verbose;
207 			break;
208 		case 'w':
209 			interval = (u_int)(strtod(optarg, NULL) * 1000.0);
210 			break;
211 		case 'z':
212 			todo |= ZMEMSTAT;
213 			break;
214 		default:
215 			usage();
216 		}
217 	}
218 	argc -= optind;
219 	argv += optind;
220 
221 	if (todo == 0)
222 		todo = VMSTAT;
223 
224 	/*
225 	 * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
226 	 * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
227 	 */
228 	if (nlistf != NULL || memf != NULL)
229 		setgid(getgid());
230 
231 	kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
232 	if (kd == 0)
233 		errx(1, "kvm_openfiles: %s", errbuf);
234 
235 	if ((c = kvm_nlist(kd, namelist)) != 0) {
236 		if (c > 0) {
237 			warnx("undefined symbols:");
238 			for (c = 0; c < (int)__arysize(namelist); c++)
239 				if (namelist[c].n_type == 0)
240 					fprintf(stderr, " %s",
241 					    namelist[c].n_name);
242 			fputc('\n', stderr);
243 		} else
244 			warnx("kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
245 		exit(1);
246 	}
247 
248 	if (todo & VMSTAT) {
249 		struct winsize winsize;
250 
251 		/*
252 		 * Make sure that the userland devstat version matches the
253 		 * kernel devstat version.  If not, exit and print a
254 		 * message informing the user of his mistake.
255 		 */
256 		if (checkversion() < 0)
257 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
258 
259 
260 		argv = getdrivedata(argv);
261 		winsize.ws_row = 0;
262 		ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&winsize);
263 		if (winsize.ws_row > 0)
264 			winlines = winsize.ws_row;
265 
266 	}
267 
268 #define	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
269 #ifdef	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
270 	if (*argv) {
271 		interval = (u_int)(strtod(*argv, NULL) * 1000.0);
272 		if (*++argv)
273 			reps = atoi(*argv);
274 	}
275 #endif
276 
277 	if (interval) {
278 		if (!reps)
279 			reps = -1;
280 	} else if (reps) {
281 		interval = 1000;
282 	}
283 
284 #ifdef notyet
285 	if (todo & FORKSTAT)
286 		doforkst();
287 #endif
288 	if (todo & MEMSTAT)
289 		domem();
290 	if (todo & ZMEMSTAT)
291 		dozmem();
292 	if (todo & SUMSTAT)
293 		dosum();
294 #ifdef notyet
295 	if (todo & TIMESTAT)
296 		dotimes();
297 #endif
298 	if (todo & INTRSTAT)
299 		dointr();
300 	if (todo & VMSTAT)
301 		dovmstat(interval, reps);
302 	exit(0);
303 }
304 
305 static char **
306 getdrivedata(char **argv)
307 {
308 	if ((num_devices = getnumdevs()) < 0)
309 		errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
310 
311 	cur.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
312 	last.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
313 	bzero(cur.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
314 	bzero(last.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
315 
316 	if (getdevs(&cur) == -1)
317 		errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
318 
319 	num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
320 	generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
321 
322 	specified_devices = (char **)malloc(sizeof(char *));
323 	for (num_devices_specified = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
324 		if (isdigit(**argv))
325 			break;
326 		num_devices_specified++;
327 		specified_devices = (char **)realloc(specified_devices,
328 						     sizeof(char *) *
329 						     num_devices_specified);
330 		specified_devices[num_devices_specified - 1] = *argv;
331 	}
332 	dev_select = NULL;
333 
334 	if (nflag == 0 && maxshowdevs < num_devices_specified)
335 			maxshowdevs = num_devices_specified;
336 
337 	/*
338 	 * People are generally only interested in disk statistics when
339 	 * they're running vmstat.  So, that's what we're going to give
340 	 * them if they don't specify anything by default.  We'll also give
341 	 * them any other random devices in the system so that we get to
342 	 * maxshowdevs devices, if that many devices exist.  If the user
343 	 * specifies devices on the command line, either through a pattern
344 	 * match or by naming them explicitly, we will give the user only
345 	 * those devices.
346 	 */
347 	if ((num_devices_specified == 0) && (num_matches == 0)) {
348 		if (buildmatch("da", &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
349 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
350 
351 		select_mode = DS_SELECT_ADD;
352 	} else
353 		select_mode = DS_SELECT_ONLY;
354 
355 	/*
356 	 * At this point, selectdevs will almost surely indicate that the
357 	 * device list has changed, so we don't look for return values of 0
358 	 * or 1.  If we get back -1, though, there is an error.
359 	 */
360 	if (selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected, &num_selections,
361 		       &select_generation, generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
362 		       num_devices, matches, num_matches, specified_devices,
363 		       num_devices_specified, select_mode,
364 		       maxshowdevs, 0) == -1)
365 		errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
366 
367 	return(argv);
368 }
369 
370 static long
371 getuptime(void)
372 {
373 	static time_t now, boottime;
374 	time_t uptime;
375 
376 	if (boottime == 0)
377 		kread(X_BOOTTIME, &boottime, sizeof(boottime));
378 	time(&now);
379 	uptime = now - boottime;
380 	if (uptime <= 0 || uptime > 60*60*24*365*10)
381 		errx(1, "time makes no sense; namelist must be wrong");
382 	return(uptime);
383 }
384 
385 int	hdrcnt;
386 
387 static void
388 dovmstat(u_int interval, int reps)
389 {
390 	struct vmtotal total;
391 	struct devinfo *tmp_dinfo;
392 	size_t vmm_size = sizeof(vmm);
393 	size_t vms_size = sizeof(vms);
394 	size_t vmt_size = sizeof(total);
395 	int initial = 1;
396 
397 	signal(SIGCONT, needhdr);
398 
399 	for (hdrcnt = 1;;) {
400 		if (!--hdrcnt)
401 			printhdr();
402 		if (kinfo_get_sched_cputime(&cp_time))
403 			err(1, "kinfo_get_sched_cputime");
404 
405 		tmp_dinfo = last.dinfo;
406 		last.dinfo = cur.dinfo;
407 		cur.dinfo = tmp_dinfo;
408 		last.busy_time = cur.busy_time;
409 
410 		/*
411 		 * Here what we want to do is refresh our device stats.
412 		 * getdevs() returns 1 when the device list has changed.
413 		 * If the device list has changed, we want to go through
414 		 * the selection process again, in case a device that we
415 		 * were previously displaying has gone away.
416 		 */
417 		switch (getdevs(&cur)) {
418 		case -1:
419 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
420 			break;
421 		case 1: {
422 			int retval;
423 
424 			num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
425 			generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
426 
427 			retval = selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
428 					    &num_selections, &select_generation,
429 					    generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
430 					    num_devices, matches, num_matches,
431 					    specified_devices,
432 					    num_devices_specified, select_mode,
433 					    maxshowdevs, 0);
434 			switch (retval) {
435 			case -1:
436 				errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
437 				break;
438 			case 1:
439 				printhdr();
440 				break;
441 			default:
442 				break;
443 			}
444 		}
445 		default:
446 			break;
447 		}
448 
449 		if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmstats", &vms, &vms_size, NULL, 0)) {
450 			perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmstats");
451 			exit(1);
452 		}
453 		if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmmeter", &vmm, &vmm_size, NULL, 0)) {
454 			perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmmeter");
455 			exit(1);
456 		}
457 		if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmtotal", &total, &vmt_size, NULL, 0)) {
458 			perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmtotal");
459 			exit(1);
460 		}
461 		printf("%2ld %1ld %1ld",
462 		    total.t_rq - 1, total.t_dw + total.t_pw, total.t_sw);
463 
464 #define vmstat_pgtok(a)	\
465 	(intmax_t)(((intmax_t)(a) * vms.v_page_size) >> 10)
466 #define rate(x)		\
467 	(intmax_t)(initial ? (x) : ((intmax_t)(x) * 1000 + interval / 2) \
468 				   / interval)
469 
470 		printf(" %7jd %6jd ",
471 		       vmstat_pgtok(total.t_avm),
472 		       vmstat_pgtok(total.t_free));
473 		printf("%4ju ",
474 		       rate(vmm.v_vm_faults - ovmm.v_vm_faults));
475 		printf("%3ju ",
476 		       rate(vmm.v_reactivated - ovmm.v_reactivated));
477 		printf("%3ju ",
478 		       rate(vmm.v_swapin + vmm.v_vnodein -
479 			    (ovmm.v_swapin + ovmm.v_vnodein)));
480 		printf("%3ju ",
481 		       rate(vmm.v_swapout + vmm.v_vnodeout -
482 			    (ovmm.v_swapout + ovmm.v_vnodeout)));
483 		printf("%3ju ",
484 		       rate(vmm.v_tfree - ovmm.v_tfree));
485 		printf("%3ju ",
486 		       rate(vmm.v_pdpages - ovmm.v_pdpages));
487 		devstats();
488 		printf("%4ju %4ju %3ju ",
489 		       rate(vmm.v_intr - ovmm.v_intr),
490 		       rate(vmm.v_syscall - ovmm.v_syscall),
491 		       rate(vmm.v_swtch - ovmm.v_swtch));
492 		cpustats();
493 		printf("\n");
494 		fflush(stdout);
495 		if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
496 			break;
497 		ovmm = vmm;
498 		usleep(interval * 1000);
499 		initial = 0;
500 	}
501 }
502 
503 static void
504 printhdr(void)
505 {
506 	int i, num_shown;
507 
508 	num_shown = (num_selected < maxshowdevs) ? num_selected : maxshowdevs;
509 	printf(" procs      memory      page%*s", 19, "");
510 	if (num_shown > 1)
511 		printf(" disks %*s", num_shown * 4 - 7, "");
512 	else if (num_shown == 1)
513 		printf("disk");
514 	printf("   faults      cpu\n");
515 	printf(" r b w     avm    fre  flt  re  pi  po  fr  sr ");
516 	for (i = 0; i < num_devices; i++)
517 		if ((dev_select[i].selected)
518 		 && (dev_select[i].selected <= maxshowdevs))
519 			printf("%c%c%d ", dev_select[i].device_name[0],
520 				     dev_select[i].device_name[1],
521 				     dev_select[i].unit_number);
522 	printf("  in   sy  cs us sy id\n");
523 	hdrcnt = winlines - 2;
524 }
525 
526 /*
527  * Force a header to be prepended to the next output.
528  */
529 static void
530 needhdr(__unused int signo)
531 {
532 
533 	hdrcnt = 1;
534 }
535 
536 static long
537 pct(long top, long bot)
538 {
539 	long ans;
540 
541 	if (bot == 0)
542 		return(0);
543 	ans = (quad_t)top * 100 / bot;
544 	return (ans);
545 }
546 
547 #define	PCT(top, bot) pct((long)(top), (long)(bot))
548 
549 static void
550 dosum(void)
551 {
552 	struct nchstats *nch_tmp, nchstats;
553 	size_t vms_size = sizeof(vms);
554 	size_t vmm_size = sizeof(vmm);
555 	int cpucnt;
556 	u_long nchtotal;
557 	u_long nchpathtotal;
558 	size_t nch_size = sizeof(struct nchstats) * SMP_MAXCPU;
559 
560 	if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmstats", &vms, &vms_size, NULL, 0)) {
561 		perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmstats");
562 		exit(1);
563 	}
564 	if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmmeter", &vmm, &vmm_size, NULL, 0)) {
565 		perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmstats");
566 		exit(1);
567 	}
568 	printf("%9u cpu context switches\n", vmm.v_swtch);
569 	printf("%9u device interrupts\n", vmm.v_intr);
570 	printf("%9u software interrupts\n", vmm.v_soft);
571 	printf("%9u traps\n", vmm.v_trap);
572 	printf("%9u system calls\n", vmm.v_syscall);
573 	printf("%9u kernel threads created\n", vmm.v_kthreads);
574 	printf("%9u  fork() calls\n", vmm.v_forks);
575 	printf("%9u vfork() calls\n", vmm.v_vforks);
576 	printf("%9u rfork() calls\n", vmm.v_rforks);
577 	printf("%9u exec() calls\n", vmm.v_exec);
578 	printf("%9u swap pager pageins\n", vmm.v_swapin);
579 	printf("%9u swap pager pages paged in\n", vmm.v_swappgsin);
580 	printf("%9u swap pager pageouts\n", vmm.v_swapout);
581 	printf("%9u swap pager pages paged out\n", vmm.v_swappgsout);
582 	printf("%9u vnode pager pageins\n", vmm.v_vnodein);
583 	printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged in\n", vmm.v_vnodepgsin);
584 	printf("%9u vnode pager pageouts\n", vmm.v_vnodeout);
585 	printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged out\n", vmm.v_vnodepgsout);
586 	printf("%9u page daemon wakeups\n", vmm.v_pdwakeups);
587 	printf("%9u pages examined by the page daemon\n", vmm.v_pdpages);
588 	printf("%9u pages reactivated\n", vmm.v_reactivated);
589 	printf("%9u copy-on-write faults\n", vmm.v_cow_faults);
590 	printf("%9u copy-on-write optimized faults\n", vmm.v_cow_optim);
591 	printf("%9u zero fill pages zeroed\n", vmm.v_zfod);
592 	printf("%9u zero fill pages prezeroed\n", vmm.v_ozfod);
593 	printf("%9u intransit blocking page faults\n", vmm.v_intrans);
594 	printf("%9u total VM faults taken\n", vmm.v_vm_faults);
595 	printf("%9u pages affected by kernel thread creation\n", vmm.v_kthreadpages);
596 	printf("%9u pages affected by  fork()\n", vmm.v_forkpages);
597 	printf("%9u pages affected by vfork()\n", vmm.v_vforkpages);
598 	printf("%9u pages affected by rfork()\n", vmm.v_rforkpages);
599 	printf("%9u pages freed\n", vmm.v_tfree);
600 	printf("%9u pages freed by daemon\n", vmm.v_dfree);
601 	printf("%9u pages freed by exiting processes\n", vmm.v_pfree);
602 	printf("%9u pages active\n", vms.v_active_count);
603 	printf("%9u pages inactive\n", vms.v_inactive_count);
604 	printf("%9u pages in VM cache\n", vms.v_cache_count);
605 	printf("%9u pages wired down\n", vms.v_wire_count);
606 	printf("%9u pages free\n", vms.v_free_count);
607 	printf("%9u bytes per page\n", vms.v_page_size);
608 	printf("%9u global smp invltlbs\n", vmm.v_smpinvltlb);
609 
610 	if ((nch_tmp = malloc(nch_size)) == NULL) {
611 		perror("malloc");
612 		exit(1);
613 	} else {
614 		if (sysctlbyname("vfs.cache.nchstats", nch_tmp, &nch_size, NULL, 0)) {
615 			perror("sysctlbyname vfs.cache.nchstats");
616 			free(nch_tmp);
617 			exit(1);
618 		} else {
619 			if ((nch_tmp = realloc(nch_tmp, nch_size)) == NULL) {
620 				perror("realloc");
621 				exit(1);
622 			}
623 		}
624 	}
625 
626 	cpucnt = nch_size / sizeof(struct nchstats);
627 	kvm_nch_cpuagg(nch_tmp, &nchstats, cpucnt);
628 
629 	nchtotal = nchstats.ncs_goodhits + nchstats.ncs_neghits +
630 	    nchstats.ncs_badhits + nchstats.ncs_falsehits +
631 	    nchstats.ncs_miss;
632 	nchpathtotal = nchstats.ncs_longhits + nchstats.ncs_longmiss;
633 	printf("%9ld total path lookups\n", nchpathtotal);
634 	printf("%9ld total component lookups\n", nchtotal);
635 	printf(
636 	    "%9s cache hits (%ld%% pos + %ld%% neg)\n",
637 	    "", PCT(nchstats.ncs_goodhits, nchtotal),
638 	    PCT(nchstats.ncs_neghits, nchtotal));
639 	printf("%9s deletions %ld%%, falsehits %ld%%\n", "",
640 	    PCT(nchstats.ncs_badhits, nchtotal),
641 	    PCT(nchstats.ncs_falsehits, nchtotal));
642 	free(nch_tmp);
643 }
644 
645 #ifdef notyet
646 void
647 doforkst(void)
648 {
649 	struct forkstat fks;
650 
651 	kread(X_FORKSTAT, &fks, sizeof(struct forkstat));
652 	printf("%d forks, %d pages, average %.2f\n",
653 	    fks.cntfork, fks.sizfork, (double)fks.sizfork / fks.cntfork);
654 	printf("%d vforks, %d pages, average %.2f\n",
655 	    fks.cntvfork, fks.sizvfork, (double)fks.sizvfork / fks.cntvfork);
656 }
657 #endif
658 
659 static void
660 devstats(void)
661 {
662 	int dn;
663 	long double transfers_per_second;
664 	long double busy_seconds;
665 
666 	diff_cp_time.cp_user = cp_time.cp_user - old_cp_time.cp_user;
667 	diff_cp_time.cp_nice = cp_time.cp_nice - old_cp_time.cp_nice;
668 	diff_cp_time.cp_sys = cp_time.cp_sys - old_cp_time.cp_sys;
669 	diff_cp_time.cp_intr = cp_time.cp_intr - old_cp_time.cp_intr;
670 	diff_cp_time.cp_idle = cp_time.cp_idle - old_cp_time.cp_idle;
671 	old_cp_time = cp_time;
672 
673 	busy_seconds = compute_etime(cur.busy_time, last.busy_time);
674 
675 	for (dn = 0; dn < num_devices; dn++) {
676 		int di;
677 
678 		if ((dev_select[dn].selected == 0)
679 		 || (dev_select[dn].selected > maxshowdevs))
680 			continue;
681 
682 		di = dev_select[dn].position;
683 
684 		if (compute_stats(&cur.dinfo->devices[di],
685 				  &last.dinfo->devices[di], busy_seconds,
686 				  NULL, NULL, NULL,
687 				  NULL, &transfers_per_second, NULL,
688 				  NULL, NULL) != 0)
689 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
690 
691 		printf("%3.0Lf ", transfers_per_second);
692 	}
693 }
694 
695 static void
696 cpustats(void)
697 {
698 	uint64_t total;
699 	double totusage;
700 
701 	total = diff_cp_time.cp_user + diff_cp_time.cp_nice +
702 	    diff_cp_time.cp_sys + diff_cp_time.cp_intr + diff_cp_time.cp_idle;
703 
704 	if (total)
705 		totusage = 100.0 / total;
706 	else
707 		totusage = 0;
708 	printf("%2.0f ",
709 	       (diff_cp_time.cp_user + diff_cp_time.cp_nice) * totusage);
710 	printf("%2.0f ",
711 	       (diff_cp_time.cp_sys + diff_cp_time.cp_intr) * totusage);
712 	printf("%2.0f",
713 	       diff_cp_time.cp_idle * totusage);
714 }
715 
716 static void
717 dointr(void)
718 {
719 	u_long *intrcnt, uptime;
720 	u_int64_t inttotal;
721 	size_t nintr, inamlen, i, size;
722 	int nwidth;
723 	char *intrstr;
724 	char **intrname;
725 
726 	uptime = getuptime();
727 	if (sysctlbyname("hw.intrnames", NULL, &inamlen, NULL, 0) != 0)
728 		errx(1, "sysctlbyname");
729 	intrstr = malloc(inamlen);
730 	if (intrstr == NULL)
731 		err(1, "malloc");
732 	sysctlbyname("hw.intrnames", intrstr, &inamlen, NULL, 0);
733 	for (nintr = 0, i = 0; i < inamlen; ++i) {
734 		if (intrstr[i] == 0)
735 			nintr++;
736 	}
737 	intrname = malloc(nintr * sizeof(char *));
738 	for (i = 0; i < nintr; ++i) {
739 		intrname[i] = intrstr;
740 		intrstr += strlen(intrstr) + 1;
741 	}
742 
743 	size = nintr * sizeof(*intrcnt);
744 	intrcnt = calloc(nintr, sizeof(*intrcnt));
745 	if (intrcnt == NULL)
746 		err(1, "malloc");
747 	sysctlbyname("hw.intrcnt", intrcnt, &size, NULL, 0);
748 
749 	nwidth = 21;
750 	for (i = 0; i < nintr; ++i) {
751 		if (nwidth < (int)strlen(intrname[i]))
752 			nwidth = (int)strlen(intrname[i]);
753 	}
754 	if (verbose) nwidth += 12;
755 
756 	printf("%-*.*s %11s %10s\n",
757 		nwidth, nwidth, "interrupt", "total", "rate");
758 	inttotal = 0;
759 	for (i = 0; i < nintr; ++i) {
760 		int named;
761 		char *infop, irqinfo[72];
762 
763 		if ((named = strncmp(intrname[i], "irq", 3)) != 0 ||
764 		    intrcnt[i] > 0) {
765 			infop = intrname[i];
766 			if (verbose) {
767 				ssize_t irq, cpu;
768 
769 				irq = i % MAX_INTS;
770 				cpu = i / MAX_INTS;
771 				if (named) {
772 					snprintf(irqinfo, sizeof(irqinfo),
773 						 "irq%-3zd %3zd: %s",
774 						 irq, cpu, intrname[i]);
775 				} else {
776 					snprintf(irqinfo, sizeof(irqinfo),
777 						 "irq%-3zd %3zd: ", irq, cpu);
778 				}
779 				infop = irqinfo;
780 			}
781 			printf("%-*.*s %11lu %10lu\n",
782 				nwidth, nwidth, infop,
783 				intrcnt[i], intrcnt[i] / uptime);
784 		}
785 		inttotal += intrcnt[i];
786 	}
787 	printf("%-*.*s %11llu %10llu\n",
788 		nwidth, nwidth, "Total",
789 		(long long)inttotal, (long long)(inttotal / uptime));
790 }
791 
792 #define	MAX_KMSTATS	1024
793 
794 static long
795 cpuagg(size_t *ary)
796 {
797     int i;
798     long ttl;
799 
800     for (i = ttl = 0; i < SMP_MAXCPU; ++i)
801 	ttl += ary[i];
802     return(ttl);
803 }
804 
805 static void
806 domem(void)
807 {
808 	struct malloc_type *ks;
809 	int i, j;
810 	int first, nkms;
811 	long totuse = 0, totfree = 0, totreq = 0;
812 	struct malloc_type kmemstats[MAX_KMSTATS], *kmsp;
813 	char buf[1024];
814 
815 	kread(X_KMEMSTATISTICS, &kmsp, sizeof(kmsp));
816 	for (nkms = 0; nkms < MAX_KMSTATS && kmsp != NULL; nkms++) {
817 		if (sizeof(kmemstats[0]) != kvm_read(kd, (u_long)kmsp,
818 		    &kmemstats[nkms], sizeof(kmemstats[0])))
819 			err(1, "kvm_read(%p)", (void *)kmsp);
820 		if (sizeof(buf) !=  kvm_read(kd,
821 	            (u_long)kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc, buf, sizeof(buf)))
822 			err(1, "kvm_read(%p)",
823 			    kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc);
824 		buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] = '\0';
825 		kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc = strdup(buf);
826 		kmsp = kmemstats[nkms].ks_next;
827 	}
828 	if (kmsp != NULL)
829 		warnx("truncated to the first %d memory types", nkms);
830 
831 	printf(
832 	    "\nMemory statistics by type                          Type  Kern\n");
833 	printf(
834 "              Type   InUse  MemUse HighUse       Limit  Requests  Limit Limit\n");
835 	for (i = 0, ks = &kmemstats[0]; i < nkms; i++, ks++) {
836 		if (ks->ks_calls == 0)
837 			continue;
838 		printf("%19s%7ld%7ldK%7ldK%11zuK%10jd%5u%6u",
839 		    ks->ks_shortdesc,
840 		    cpuagg(ks->ks_inuse), (cpuagg(ks->ks_memuse) + 1023) / 1024,
841 		    (ks->ks_maxused + 1023) / 1024,
842 		    (ks->ks_limit + 1023) / 1024, (intmax_t)ks->ks_calls,
843 		    ks->ks_limblocks, ks->ks_mapblocks);
844 		first = 1;
845 		for (j =  1 << MINBUCKET; j < 1 << (MINBUCKET + 16); j <<= 1) {
846 			if ((ks->ks_size & j) == 0)
847 				continue;
848 			if (first)
849 				printf("  ");
850 			else
851 				printf(",");
852 			if(j<1024)
853 				printf("%d",j);
854 			else
855 				printf("%dK",j>>10);
856 			first = 0;
857 		}
858 		printf("\n");
859 		totuse += cpuagg(ks->ks_memuse);
860 		totreq += ks->ks_calls;
861 	}
862 	printf("\nMemory Totals:  In Use    Free    Requests\n");
863 	printf("              %7ldK %6ldK    %8ld\n",
864 	     (totuse + 1023) / 1024, (totfree + 1023) / 1024, totreq);
865 }
866 
867 static void
868 dozmem(void)
869 {
870 	char *buf;
871 	size_t bufsize;
872 
873 	buf = NULL;
874 	bufsize = 1024;
875 	for (;;) {
876 		if ((buf = realloc(buf, bufsize)) == NULL)
877 			err(1, "realloc()");
878 		if (sysctlbyname("vm.zone", buf, &bufsize, NULL, 0) == 0)
879 			break;
880 		if (errno != ENOMEM)
881 			err(1, "sysctl()");
882 		bufsize *= 2;
883 	}
884 	buf[bufsize] = '\0'; /* play it safe */
885 	printf("%s\n\n", buf);
886 	free(buf);
887 }
888 
889 /*
890  * kread reads something from the kernel, given its nlist index.
891  */
892 static void
893 kread(int nlx, void *addr, size_t size)
894 {
895 	const char *sym;
896 
897 	if (namelist[nlx].n_type == 0 || namelist[nlx].n_value == 0) {
898 		sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
899 		if (*sym == '_')
900 			++sym;
901 		errx(1, "symbol %s not defined", sym);
902 	}
903 	if (kvm_read(kd, namelist[nlx].n_value, addr, size) != (ssize_t)size) {
904 		sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
905 		if (*sym == '_')
906 			++sym;
907 		errx(1, "%s: %s", sym, kvm_geterr(kd));
908 	}
909 }
910 
911 static void
912 usage(void)
913 {
914 	fprintf(stderr, "%s%s",
915 		"usage: vmstat [-imsvz] [-c count] [-M core] [-N system] [-w wait]\n",
916 		"              [-n devs] [disks]\n");
917 	exit(1);
918 }
919