xref: /dragonfly/usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c (revision 3ea159d2)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15  *    without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  *
29  * @(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993 The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
30  * @(#)vmstat.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
31  * $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c,v 1.38.2.4 2001/07/31 19:52:41 tmm Exp $
32  */
33 
34 #include <sys/user.h>
35 #include <sys/param.h>
36 #include <sys/time.h>
37 #include <sys/uio.h>
38 #include <sys/namei.h>
39 #include <sys/objcache.h>
40 #include <sys/signal.h>
41 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
42 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
43 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
44 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
45 #include <sys/interrupt.h>
46 
47 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
48 #include <vm/vm_zone.h>
49 
50 #include <ctype.h>
51 #include <err.h>
52 #include <errno.h>
53 #include <kinfo.h>
54 #include <kvm.h>
55 #include <limits.h>
56 #include <nlist.h>
57 #include <paths.h>
58 #include <stdio.h>
59 #include <stdlib.h>
60 #include <string.h>
61 #include <sysexits.h>
62 #include <time.h>
63 #include <unistd.h>
64 #include <devstat.h>
65 
66 static struct nlist namelist[] = {
67 #define	X_BOOTTIME	0
68 	{ "_boottime",	0, 0, 0, 0 },
69 #define X_NCHSTATS	1
70 	{ "_nchstats",	0, 0, 0, 0 },
71 #define	X_KMEMSTATISTICS 2
72 	{ "_kmemstatistics",	0, 0, 0, 0 },
73 #define	X_NCPUS		3
74 	{ "_ncpus",	0, 0, 0, 0 },
75 #define	X_ZLIST		4
76 	{ "_zlist",	0, 0, 0, 0 },
77 #ifdef notyet
78 #define	X_DEFICIT	5
79 	{ "_deficit",	0, 0, 0, 0 },
80 #define	X_FORKSTAT	6
81 	{ "_forkstat",	0, 0, 0, 0 },
82 #define X_REC		7
83 	{ "_rectime",	0, 0, 0, 0 },
84 #define X_PGIN		8
85 	{ "_pgintime",	0, 0, 0, 0 },
86 #define	X_XSTATS	9
87 	{ "_xstats",	0, 0, 0, 0 },
88 #define X_END		10
89 #else
90 #define X_END		5
91 #endif
92 	{ "", 0, 0, 0, 0 },
93 };
94 
95 #define ONEMB	(1024L * 1024L)
96 #define ONEKB	(1024L)
97 
98 LIST_HEAD(zlist, vm_zone);
99 
100 struct statinfo cur, last;
101 int num_devices, maxshowdevs;
102 long generation;
103 struct device_selection *dev_select;
104 int num_selected;
105 struct devstat_match *matches;
106 int num_matches = 0;
107 int num_devices_specified, num_selections;
108 long select_generation;
109 char **specified_devices;
110 devstat_select_mode select_mode;
111 
112 struct	vmmeter vmm, ovmm;
113 struct	vmstats vms, ovms;
114 
115 int	winlines = 20;
116 int	nflag = 0;
117 int	verbose = 0;
118 int	unformatted_opt = 0;
119 int	brief_opt = 0;
120 int	ncpus;
121 
122 kvm_t *kd;
123 
124 struct kinfo_cputime cp_time, old_cp_time, diff_cp_time;
125 
126 #define	FORKSTAT	0x01
127 #define	INTRSTAT	0x02
128 #define	MEMSTAT		0x04
129 #define	SUMSTAT		0x08
130 #define	TIMESTAT	0x10
131 #define	VMSTAT		0x20
132 #define ZMEMSTAT	0x40
133 #define OCSTAT		0x80
134 
135 static void cpustats(void);
136 static void dointr(void);
137 static void domem(void);
138 static void dooc(void);
139 static void dosum(void);
140 static void dozmem(u_int interval, int reps);
141 static void dovmstat(u_int, int);
142 static void kread(int, void *, size_t);
143 static void usage(void);
144 static char **getdrivedata(char **);
145 static long getuptime(void);
146 static void needhdr(int);
147 static long pct(long, long);
148 
149 #ifdef notyet
150 static void dotimes(void); /* Not implemented */
151 static void doforkst(void);
152 #endif
153 static void printhdr(void);
154 static const char *formatnum(intmax_t value, int width, int do10s);
155 static void devstats(int dooutput);
156 
157 int
158 main(int argc, char **argv)
159 {
160 	int c, todo;
161 	u_int interval;		/* milliseconds */
162 	int reps;
163 	char *memf, *nlistf;
164 	char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
165 
166 	memf = nlistf = NULL;
167 	interval = reps = todo = 0;
168 	maxshowdevs = 2;
169 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "bc:fiM:mN:n:op:stuvw:z")) != -1) {
170 		switch (c) {
171 		case 'b':
172 			brief_opt = 1;
173 			break;
174 		case 'c':
175 			reps = atoi(optarg);
176 			break;
177 		case 'f':
178 #ifdef notyet
179 			todo |= FORKSTAT;
180 #else
181 			errx(EX_USAGE, "sorry, -f is not (re)implemented yet");
182 #endif
183 			break;
184 		case 'i':
185 			todo |= INTRSTAT;
186 			break;
187 		case 'M':
188 			memf = optarg;
189 			break;
190 		case 'm':
191 			todo |= MEMSTAT;
192 			break;
193 		case 'N':
194 			nlistf = optarg;
195 			break;
196 		case 'n':
197 			nflag = 1;
198 			maxshowdevs = atoi(optarg);
199 			if (maxshowdevs < 0)
200 				errx(1, "number of devices %d is < 0",
201 				     maxshowdevs);
202 			break;
203 		case 'o':
204 			todo |= OCSTAT;
205 			break;
206 		case 'p':
207 			if (buildmatch(optarg, &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
208 				errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
209 			break;
210 		case 's':
211 			todo |= SUMSTAT;
212 			break;
213 		case 't':
214 #ifdef notyet
215 			todo |= TIMESTAT;
216 #else
217 			errx(EX_USAGE, "sorry, -t is not (re)implemented yet");
218 #endif
219 			break;
220 		case 'u':
221 			unformatted_opt = 1;
222 			break;
223 		case 'v':
224 			++verbose;
225 			break;
226 		case 'w':
227 			interval = (u_int)(strtod(optarg, NULL) * 1000.0);
228 			break;
229 		case 'z':
230 			todo |= ZMEMSTAT;
231 			break;
232 		default:
233 			usage();
234 		}
235 	}
236 	argc -= optind;
237 	argv += optind;
238 
239 	if (todo == 0)
240 		todo = VMSTAT;
241 
242 	/*
243 	 * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
244 	 * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
245 	 */
246 	if (nlistf != NULL || memf != NULL) {
247 		setgid(getgid());
248 		if (todo & OCSTAT) {
249 			errx(1, "objcache stats can only be gathered on "
250 			    "the running system");
251 		}
252 	}
253 
254 	kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
255 	if (kd == NULL)
256 		errx(1, "kvm_openfiles: %s", errbuf);
257 
258 	if ((c = kvm_nlist(kd, namelist)) != 0) {
259 		if (c > 0) {
260 			warnx("undefined symbols:");
261 			for (c = 0; c < (int)NELEM(namelist); c++)
262 				if (namelist[c].n_type == 0)
263 					fprintf(stderr, " %s",
264 					    namelist[c].n_name);
265 			fputc('\n', stderr);
266 		} else
267 			warnx("kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
268 		exit(1);
269 	}
270 
271 	kread(X_NCPUS, &ncpus, sizeof(ncpus));
272 
273 	if (todo & VMSTAT) {
274 		struct winsize winsize;
275 
276 		/*
277 		 * Make sure that the userland devstat version matches the
278 		 * kernel devstat version.  If not, exit and print a
279 		 * message informing the user of his mistake.
280 		 */
281 		if (checkversion() < 0)
282 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
283 
284 
285 		argv = getdrivedata(argv);
286 		winsize.ws_row = 0;
287 		ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&winsize);
288 		if (winsize.ws_row > 0)
289 			winlines = winsize.ws_row;
290 
291 	}
292 
293 #define	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
294 #ifdef	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
295 	if (*argv) {
296 		interval = (u_int)(strtod(*argv, NULL) * 1000.0);
297 		if (*++argv)
298 			reps = atoi(*argv);
299 	}
300 #endif
301 
302 	if (interval) {
303 		if (!reps)
304 			reps = -1;
305 	} else if (reps) {
306 		interval = 1000;
307 	}
308 
309 #ifdef notyet
310 	if (todo & FORKSTAT)
311 		doforkst();
312 #endif
313 	if (todo & MEMSTAT)
314 		domem();
315 	if (todo & ZMEMSTAT)
316 		dozmem(interval, reps);
317 	if (todo & SUMSTAT)
318 		dosum();
319 #ifdef notyet
320 	if (todo & TIMESTAT)
321 		dotimes();
322 #endif
323 	if (todo & INTRSTAT)
324 		dointr();
325 	if (todo & VMSTAT)
326 		dovmstat(interval, reps);
327 	if (todo & OCSTAT)
328 		dooc();
329 	exit(0);
330 }
331 
332 static char **
333 getdrivedata(char **argv)
334 {
335 	if ((num_devices = getnumdevs()) < 0)
336 		errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
337 
338 	cur.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
339 	last.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
340 	bzero(cur.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
341 	bzero(last.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
342 
343 	if (getdevs(&cur) == -1)
344 		errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
345 
346 	num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
347 	generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
348 
349 	specified_devices = (char **)malloc(sizeof(char *));
350 	for (num_devices_specified = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
351 		if (isdigit(**argv))
352 			break;
353 		num_devices_specified++;
354 		specified_devices = (char **)realloc(specified_devices,
355 						     sizeof(char *) *
356 						     num_devices_specified);
357 		specified_devices[num_devices_specified - 1] = *argv;
358 	}
359 	dev_select = NULL;
360 
361 	if (nflag == 0 && maxshowdevs < num_devices_specified)
362 			maxshowdevs = num_devices_specified;
363 
364 	/*
365 	 * People are generally only interested in disk statistics when
366 	 * they're running vmstat.  So, that's what we're going to give
367 	 * them if they don't specify anything by default.  We'll also give
368 	 * them any other random devices in the system so that we get to
369 	 * maxshowdevs devices, if that many devices exist.  If the user
370 	 * specifies devices on the command line, either through a pattern
371 	 * match or by naming them explicitly, we will give the user only
372 	 * those devices.
373 	 */
374 	if ((num_devices_specified == 0) && (num_matches == 0)) {
375 		if (buildmatch("da", &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
376 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
377 
378 		select_mode = DS_SELECT_ADD;
379 	} else
380 		select_mode = DS_SELECT_ONLY;
381 
382 	/*
383 	 * At this point, selectdevs will almost surely indicate that the
384 	 * device list has changed, so we don't look for return values of 0
385 	 * or 1.  If we get back -1, though, there is an error.
386 	 */
387 	if (selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected, &num_selections,
388 		       &select_generation, generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
389 		       num_devices, matches, num_matches, specified_devices,
390 		       num_devices_specified, select_mode,
391 		       maxshowdevs, 0) == -1)
392 		errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
393 
394 	return(argv);
395 }
396 
397 static long
398 getuptime(void)
399 {
400 	struct timespec ts;
401 
402 	clock_gettime(CLOCK_UPTIME, &ts);
403 
404 	return ts.tv_sec;
405 }
406 
407 int	hdrcnt;
408 
409 static void
410 dovmstat(u_int interval, int reps)
411 {
412 	struct vmtotal total;
413 	struct devinfo *tmp_dinfo;
414 	size_t vmm_size = sizeof(vmm);
415 	size_t vms_size = sizeof(vms);
416 	size_t vmt_size = sizeof(total);
417 	int initial = 1;
418 	int dooutput = 1;
419 
420 	signal(SIGCONT, needhdr);
421 	if (reps != 0)
422 		dooutput = 0;
423 
424 	for (hdrcnt = 1;;) {
425 		if (!--hdrcnt)
426 			printhdr();
427 		if (kinfo_get_sched_cputime(&cp_time))
428 			err(1, "kinfo_get_sched_cputime");
429 
430 		tmp_dinfo = last.dinfo;
431 		last.dinfo = cur.dinfo;
432 		cur.dinfo = tmp_dinfo;
433 		last.busy_time = cur.busy_time;
434 
435 		/*
436 		 * Here what we want to do is refresh our device stats.
437 		 * getdevs() returns 1 when the device list has changed.
438 		 * If the device list has changed, we want to go through
439 		 * the selection process again, in case a device that we
440 		 * were previously displaying has gone away.
441 		 */
442 		switch (getdevs(&cur)) {
443 		case -1:
444 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
445 			break;
446 		case 1: {
447 			int retval;
448 
449 			num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
450 			generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
451 
452 			retval = selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
453 					    &num_selections, &select_generation,
454 					    generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
455 					    num_devices, matches, num_matches,
456 					    specified_devices,
457 					    num_devices_specified, select_mode,
458 					    maxshowdevs, 0);
459 			switch (retval) {
460 			case -1:
461 				errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
462 				break;
463 			case 1:
464 				printhdr();
465 				break;
466 			default:
467 				break;
468 			}
469 		}
470 		default:
471 			break;
472 		}
473 
474 		if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmstats", &vms, &vms_size, NULL, 0)) {
475 			perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmstats");
476 			exit(1);
477 		}
478 		if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmmeter", &vmm, &vmm_size, NULL, 0)) {
479 			perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmmeter");
480 			exit(1);
481 		}
482 		if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmtotal", &total, &vmt_size, NULL, 0)) {
483 			perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmtotal");
484 			exit(1);
485 		}
486 
487 		/*
488 		 * Be a little inventive so we can squeeze everything into
489 		 * 80 columns.  These days the run queue can trivially be
490 		 * into the three digits and under heavy paging loads the
491 		 * blocked (d+p) count can as well.
492 		 */
493 		if (dooutput) {
494 			char b1[4];
495 			char b2[4];
496 			char b3[2];
497 
498 			strcpy(b1, "***");
499 			strcpy(b2, "***");
500 			strcpy(b3, "*");
501 			if (total.t_rq - 1 < 1000) {
502 				snprintf(b1, sizeof(b1),
503 					 "%3ld", total.t_rq - 1);
504 			}
505 			if (total.t_dw + total.t_pw < 1000) {
506 				snprintf(b2, sizeof(b2),
507 					 "%3ld", total.t_dw + total.t_pw);
508 			}
509 			if (total.t_sw < 10) {
510 				snprintf(b3, sizeof(b3), "%ld", total.t_sw);
511 			}
512 			printf("%s %s %s", b1, b2, b3);
513 		}
514 
515 #define rate(x)		\
516 	(intmax_t)(initial ? (x) : ((intmax_t)(x) * 1000 + interval / 2) \
517 				   / interval)
518 
519 		if (dooutput) {
520 			printf(" %s ",
521 			       formatnum((int64_t)total.t_free *
522 					 vms.v_page_size,
523 					 5, 1));
524 			printf("%s ",
525 			       formatnum(rate(vmm.v_vm_faults -
526 					      ovmm.v_vm_faults),
527 					 5, 1));
528 			printf("%s ",
529 			       formatnum(rate((vmm.v_reactivated -
530 					      ovmm.v_reactivated) *
531 					      vms.v_page_size),
532 					 4, 1));
533 			printf("%s ",
534 			       formatnum(rate((vmm.v_swappgsin +
535 					       vmm.v_vnodepgsin -
536 					       ovmm.v_swappgsin -
537 					       ovmm.v_vnodepgsin) *
538 					      vms.v_page_size),
539 					 4, 1));
540 			printf("%s ",
541 			       formatnum(rate((vmm.v_swappgsout +
542 					       vmm.v_vnodepgsout -
543 					       ovmm.v_swappgsout -
544 					       ovmm.v_vnodepgsout) *
545 					      vms.v_page_size),
546 					 4, 1));
547 			printf("%s ",
548 			       formatnum(rate((vmm.v_tfree - ovmm.v_tfree) *
549 					      vms.v_page_size), 4, 1));
550 		}
551 		devstats(dooutput);
552 		if (dooutput) {
553 			printf("%s ",
554 			       formatnum(rate(vmm.v_intr - ovmm.v_intr),
555 					 5, 1));
556 			printf("%s ",
557 			       formatnum(rate(vmm.v_syscall -
558 					      ovmm.v_syscall),
559 					 5, 1));
560 			printf("%s ",
561 			       formatnum(rate(vmm.v_swtch -
562 					      ovmm.v_swtch),
563 					 5, 1));
564 			cpustats();
565 			printf("\n");
566 			fflush(stdout);
567 		}
568 		if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
569 			break;
570 		ovmm = vmm;
571 		usleep(interval * 1000);
572 		initial = 0;
573 		dooutput = 1;
574 	}
575 }
576 
577 static const char *
578 formatnum(intmax_t value, int width, int do10s)
579 {
580 	static char buf[16][64];
581 	static int bi;
582 	const char *fmt;
583 	double d;
584 
585 	if (brief_opt)
586 		do10s = 0;
587 
588 	bi = (bi + 1) % 16;
589 
590 	if (unformatted_opt) {
591 		switch(width) {
592 		case 4:
593 			snprintf(buf[bi], sizeof(buf[bi]), "%4jd", value);
594 			break;
595 		case 5:
596 			snprintf(buf[bi], sizeof(buf[bi]), "%5jd", value);
597 			break;
598 		default:
599 			snprintf(buf[bi], sizeof(buf[bi]), "%jd", value);
600 			break;
601 		}
602 		return buf[bi];
603 	}
604 
605 	d = (double)value;
606 	fmt = "n/a";
607 
608 	switch(width) {
609 	case 4:
610 		if (value < 1024) {
611 			fmt = "%4.0f";
612 		} else if (value < 10*1024) {
613 			fmt = "%3.1fK";
614 			d = d / 1024;
615 		} else if (value < 1000*1024) {
616 			fmt = "%3.0fK";
617 			d = d / 1024;
618 		} else if (value < 10*1024*1024) {
619 			fmt = "%3.1fM";
620 			d = d / (1024 * 1024);
621 		} else if (value < 1000*1024*1024) {
622 			fmt = "%3.0fM";
623 			d = d / (1024 * 1024);
624 		} else {
625 			fmt = "%3.1fG";
626 			d = d / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0);
627 		}
628 		break;
629 	case 5:
630 		if (value < 1024) {
631 			fmt = "%5.0f";
632 		} else if (value < 10*1024) {
633 			fmt = "%4.2fK";
634 			d = d / 1024;
635 		} else if (value < 100*1024 && do10s) {
636 			fmt = "%4.1fK";
637 			d = d / 1024;
638 		} else if (value < 1000*1024) {
639 			fmt = "%4.0fK";
640 			d = d / 1024;
641 		} else if (value < 10*1024*1024) {
642 			fmt = "%4.2fM";
643 			d = d / (1024 * 1024);
644 		} else if (value < 100*1024*1024 && do10s) {
645 			fmt = "%4.1fM";
646 			d = d / (1024 * 1024);
647 		} else if (value < 1000*1024*1024) {
648 			fmt = "%4.0fM";
649 			d = d / (1024 * 1024);
650 		} else if (value < 10LL*1024*1024*1024) {
651 			fmt = "%4.2fG";
652 			d = d / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0);
653 		} else if (value < 100LL*1024*1024*1024 && do10s) {
654 			fmt = "%4.1fG";
655 			d = d / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0);
656 		} else if (value < 1000LL*1024*1024*1024) {
657 			fmt = "%4.0fG";
658 			d = d / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0);
659 		} else {
660 			fmt = "%4.2fT";
661 			d = d / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0);
662 		}
663 		break;
664 	default:
665 		fprintf(stderr, "formatnum: unsupported width %d\n", width);
666 		exit(1);
667 		break;
668 	}
669 	snprintf(buf[bi], sizeof(buf[bi]), fmt, d);
670 	return buf[bi];
671 }
672 
673 static void
674 printhdr(void)
675 {
676 	int i, num_shown;
677 
678 	num_shown = (num_selected < maxshowdevs) ? num_selected : maxshowdevs;
679 	printf("--procs-- ---memory-- -------paging------ ");
680 	if (num_shown > 1)
681 		printf("--disks%.*s",
682 		       num_shown * 4 - 6,
683 		       "---------------------------------");
684 	else if (num_shown == 1)
685 		printf("disk");
686 	printf(" -----faults------ ---cpu---\n");
687 	printf("  r   b w   fre   flt   re   pi   po   fr ");
688 	for (i = 0; i < num_devices; i++)
689 		if ((dev_select[i].selected)
690 		 && (dev_select[i].selected <= maxshowdevs))
691 			printf(" %c%c%d ", dev_select[i].device_name[0],
692 				     dev_select[i].device_name[1],
693 				     dev_select[i].unit_number);
694 	printf("  int   sys   ctx us sy id\n");
695 	hdrcnt = winlines - 2;
696 }
697 
698 /*
699  * Force a header to be prepended to the next output.
700  */
701 static void
702 needhdr(__unused int signo)
703 {
704 
705 	hdrcnt = 1;
706 }
707 
708 static long
709 pct(long top, long bot)
710 {
711 	long ans;
712 
713 	if (bot == 0)
714 		return(0);
715 	ans = (quad_t)top * 100 / bot;
716 	return (ans);
717 }
718 
719 #define	PCT(top, bot) pct((long)(top), (long)(bot))
720 
721 static void
722 dosum(void)
723 {
724 	struct nchstats *nch_tmp, nchstats;
725 	size_t vms_size = sizeof(vms);
726 	size_t vmm_size = sizeof(vmm);
727 	int cpucnt;
728 	u_long nchtotal;
729 	u_long nchpathtotal;
730 	size_t nch_size = sizeof(struct nchstats) * SMP_MAXCPU;
731 
732 	if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmstats", &vms, &vms_size, NULL, 0)) {
733 		perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmstats");
734 		exit(1);
735 	}
736 	if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmmeter", &vmm, &vmm_size, NULL, 0)) {
737 		perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmstats");
738 		exit(1);
739 	}
740 	printf("%9u cpu context switches\n", vmm.v_swtch);
741 	printf("%9u device interrupts\n", vmm.v_intr);
742 	printf("%9u software interrupts\n", vmm.v_soft);
743 	printf("%9u traps\n", vmm.v_trap);
744 	printf("%9u system calls\n", vmm.v_syscall);
745 	printf("%9u kernel threads created\n", vmm.v_kthreads);
746 	printf("%9u  fork() calls\n", vmm.v_forks);
747 	printf("%9u vfork() calls\n", vmm.v_vforks);
748 	printf("%9u rfork() calls\n", vmm.v_rforks);
749 	printf("%9u exec() calls\n", vmm.v_exec);
750 	printf("%9u swap pager pageins\n", vmm.v_swapin);
751 	printf("%9u swap pager pages paged in\n", vmm.v_swappgsin);
752 	printf("%9u swap pager pageouts\n", vmm.v_swapout);
753 	printf("%9u swap pager pages paged out\n", vmm.v_swappgsout);
754 	printf("%9u vnode pager pageins\n", vmm.v_vnodein);
755 	printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged in\n", vmm.v_vnodepgsin);
756 	printf("%9u vnode pager pageouts\n", vmm.v_vnodeout);
757 	printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged out\n", vmm.v_vnodepgsout);
758 	printf("%9u page daemon wakeups\n", vmm.v_pdwakeups);
759 	printf("%9u pages examined by the page daemon\n", vmm.v_pdpages);
760 	printf("%9u pages reactivated\n", vmm.v_reactivated);
761 	printf("%9u copy-on-write faults\n", vmm.v_cow_faults);
762 	printf("%9u copy-on-write optimized faults\n", vmm.v_cow_optim);
763 	printf("%9u zero fill pages zeroed\n", vmm.v_zfod);
764 	printf("%9u zero fill pages prezeroed\n", vmm.v_ozfod);
765 	printf("%9u intransit blocking page faults\n", vmm.v_intrans);
766 	printf("%9u total VM faults taken\n", vmm.v_vm_faults);
767 	printf("%9u pages affected by kernel thread creation\n", vmm.v_kthreadpages);
768 	printf("%9u pages affected by  fork()\n", vmm.v_forkpages);
769 	printf("%9u pages affected by vfork()\n", vmm.v_vforkpages);
770 	printf("%9u pages affected by rfork()\n", vmm.v_rforkpages);
771 	printf("%9u pages freed\n", vmm.v_tfree);
772 	printf("%9u pages freed by daemon\n", vmm.v_dfree);
773 	printf("%9u pages freed by exiting processes\n", vmm.v_pfree);
774 	printf("%9lu pages active\n", vms.v_active_count);
775 	printf("%9lu pages inactive\n", vms.v_inactive_count);
776 	printf("%9lu pages in VM cache\n", vms.v_cache_count);
777 	printf("%9lu pages wired down\n", vms.v_wire_count);
778 	printf("%9lu pages free\n", vms.v_free_count);
779 	printf("%9u bytes per page\n", vms.v_page_size);
780 	printf("%9u global smp invltlbs\n", vmm.v_smpinvltlb);
781 
782 	if ((nch_tmp = malloc(nch_size)) == NULL) {
783 		perror("malloc");
784 		exit(1);
785 	} else {
786 		if (sysctlbyname("vfs.cache.nchstats", nch_tmp, &nch_size, NULL, 0)) {
787 			perror("sysctlbyname vfs.cache.nchstats");
788 			free(nch_tmp);
789 			exit(1);
790 		} else {
791 			if ((nch_tmp = realloc(nch_tmp, nch_size)) == NULL) {
792 				perror("realloc");
793 				exit(1);
794 			}
795 		}
796 	}
797 
798 	cpucnt = nch_size / sizeof(struct nchstats);
799 	kvm_nch_cpuagg(nch_tmp, &nchstats, cpucnt);
800 
801 	nchtotal = nchstats.ncs_goodhits + nchstats.ncs_neghits +
802 	    nchstats.ncs_badhits + nchstats.ncs_falsehits +
803 	    nchstats.ncs_miss;
804 	nchpathtotal = nchstats.ncs_longhits + nchstats.ncs_longmiss;
805 	printf("%9ld total path lookups\n", nchpathtotal);
806 	printf("%9ld total component lookups\n", nchtotal);
807 	printf(
808 	    "%9s cache hits (%ld%% pos + %ld%% neg)\n",
809 	    "", PCT(nchstats.ncs_goodhits, nchtotal),
810 	    PCT(nchstats.ncs_neghits, nchtotal));
811 	printf("%9s deletions %ld%%, falsehits %ld%%\n", "",
812 	    PCT(nchstats.ncs_badhits, nchtotal),
813 	    PCT(nchstats.ncs_falsehits, nchtotal));
814 	free(nch_tmp);
815 }
816 
817 #ifdef notyet
818 void
819 doforkst(void)
820 {
821 	struct forkstat fks;
822 
823 	kread(X_FORKSTAT, &fks, sizeof(struct forkstat));
824 	printf("%d forks, %d pages, average %.2f\n",
825 	    fks.cntfork, fks.sizfork, (double)fks.sizfork / fks.cntfork);
826 	printf("%d vforks, %d pages, average %.2f\n",
827 	    fks.cntvfork, fks.sizvfork, (double)fks.sizvfork / fks.cntvfork);
828 }
829 #endif
830 
831 static void
832 devstats(int dooutput)
833 {
834 	int dn;
835 	long double transfers_per_second;
836 	long double busy_seconds;
837 
838 	diff_cp_time.cp_user = cp_time.cp_user - old_cp_time.cp_user;
839 	diff_cp_time.cp_nice = cp_time.cp_nice - old_cp_time.cp_nice;
840 	diff_cp_time.cp_sys = cp_time.cp_sys - old_cp_time.cp_sys;
841 	diff_cp_time.cp_intr = cp_time.cp_intr - old_cp_time.cp_intr;
842 	diff_cp_time.cp_idle = cp_time.cp_idle - old_cp_time.cp_idle;
843 	old_cp_time = cp_time;
844 
845 	busy_seconds = compute_etime(cur.busy_time, last.busy_time);
846 
847 	for (dn = 0; dn < num_devices; dn++) {
848 		int di;
849 
850 		if ((dev_select[dn].selected == 0)
851 		 || (dev_select[dn].selected > maxshowdevs))
852 			continue;
853 
854 		di = dev_select[dn].position;
855 
856 		if (compute_stats(&cur.dinfo->devices[di],
857 				  &last.dinfo->devices[di], busy_seconds,
858 				  NULL, NULL, NULL,
859 				  NULL, &transfers_per_second, NULL,
860 				  NULL, NULL) != 0)
861 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
862 
863 		if (dooutput)
864 			printf("%s ", formatnum(transfers_per_second, 4, 0));
865 	}
866 }
867 
868 static void
869 cpustats(void)
870 {
871 	uint64_t total;
872 	double totusage;
873 
874 	total = diff_cp_time.cp_user + diff_cp_time.cp_nice +
875 	    diff_cp_time.cp_sys + diff_cp_time.cp_intr + diff_cp_time.cp_idle;
876 
877 	if (total)
878 		totusage = 100.0 / total;
879 	else
880 		totusage = 0;
881 	printf("%2.0f ",
882 	       (diff_cp_time.cp_user + diff_cp_time.cp_nice) * totusage);
883 	printf("%2.0f ",
884 	       (diff_cp_time.cp_sys + diff_cp_time.cp_intr) * totusage);
885 	printf("%2.0f",
886 	       diff_cp_time.cp_idle * totusage);
887 }
888 
889 static void
890 dointr(void)
891 {
892 	u_long *intrcnt, uptime;
893 	u_int64_t inttotal;
894 	size_t nintr, inamlen, i, size;
895 	int nwidth;
896 	char *intrstr;
897 	char **intrname;
898 
899 	uptime = getuptime();
900 	if (sysctlbyname("hw.intrnames", NULL, &inamlen, NULL, 0) != 0)
901 		errx(1, "sysctlbyname");
902 	intrstr = malloc(inamlen);
903 	if (intrstr == NULL)
904 		err(1, "malloc");
905 	sysctlbyname("hw.intrnames", intrstr, &inamlen, NULL, 0);
906 	for (nintr = 0, i = 0; i < inamlen; ++i) {
907 		if (intrstr[i] == 0)
908 			nintr++;
909 	}
910 	intrname = malloc(nintr * sizeof(char *));
911 	for (i = 0; i < nintr; ++i) {
912 		intrname[i] = intrstr;
913 		intrstr += strlen(intrstr) + 1;
914 	}
915 
916 	size = nintr * sizeof(*intrcnt);
917 	intrcnt = calloc(nintr, sizeof(*intrcnt));
918 	if (intrcnt == NULL)
919 		err(1, "malloc");
920 	sysctlbyname("hw.intrcnt", intrcnt, &size, NULL, 0);
921 
922 	nwidth = 21;
923 	for (i = 0; i < nintr; ++i) {
924 		if (nwidth < (int)strlen(intrname[i]))
925 			nwidth = (int)strlen(intrname[i]);
926 	}
927 	if (verbose) nwidth += 12;
928 
929 	printf("%-*.*s %11s %10s\n",
930 		nwidth, nwidth, "interrupt", "total", "rate");
931 	inttotal = 0;
932 	for (i = 0; i < nintr; ++i) {
933 		int named;
934 		char *infop, irqinfo[72];
935 
936 		if ((named = strncmp(intrname[i], "irq", 3)) != 0 ||
937 		    intrcnt[i] > 0) {
938 			infop = intrname[i];
939 			if (verbose) {
940 				ssize_t irq, cpu;
941 
942 				irq = i % MAX_INTS;
943 				cpu = i / MAX_INTS;
944 				if (named) {
945 					snprintf(irqinfo, sizeof(irqinfo),
946 						 "irq%-3zd %3zd: %s",
947 						 irq, cpu, intrname[i]);
948 				} else {
949 					snprintf(irqinfo, sizeof(irqinfo),
950 						 "irq%-3zd %3zd: ", irq, cpu);
951 				}
952 				infop = irqinfo;
953 			}
954 			printf("%-*.*s %11lu %10lu\n",
955 				nwidth, nwidth, infop,
956 				intrcnt[i], intrcnt[i] / uptime);
957 		}
958 		inttotal += intrcnt[i];
959 	}
960 	printf("%-*.*s %11llu %10llu\n",
961 		nwidth, nwidth, "Total",
962 		(long long)inttotal, (long long)(inttotal / uptime));
963 }
964 
965 #define	MAX_KMSTATS	16384
966 
967 enum ksuse { KSINUSE, KSMEMUSE, KSCALLS };
968 
969 static long
970 cpuagg(struct malloc_type *ks, enum ksuse use)
971 {
972     int i;
973     long ttl;
974 
975     ttl = 0;
976 
977     switch(use) {
978     case KSINUSE:
979 	for (i = 0; i < ncpus; ++i)
980 	    ttl += ks->ks_use[i].inuse;
981 	break;
982     case KSMEMUSE:
983 	for (i = 0; i < ncpus; ++i)
984 	    ttl += ks->ks_use[i].memuse;
985 	break;
986     case KSCALLS:
987 	for (i = 0; i < ncpus; ++i)
988 	    ttl += ks->ks_use[i].calls;
989     	break;
990     }
991     return(ttl);
992 }
993 
994 static void
995 domem(void)
996 {
997 	struct malloc_type *ks;
998 	int i;
999 	int nkms;
1000 	long totuse = 0, totreq = 0;
1001 	struct malloc_type kmemstats[MAX_KMSTATS], *kmsp;
1002 	char buf[1024];
1003 
1004 	kread(X_KMEMSTATISTICS, &kmsp, sizeof(kmsp));
1005 	for (nkms = 0; nkms < MAX_KMSTATS && kmsp != NULL; nkms++) {
1006 		if (sizeof(kmemstats[0]) != kvm_read(kd, (u_long)kmsp,
1007 		    &kmemstats[nkms], sizeof(kmemstats[0])))
1008 			err(1, "kvm_read(%p)", (void *)kmsp);
1009 		if (sizeof(buf) !=  kvm_read(kd,
1010 	            (u_long)kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc, buf, sizeof(buf)))
1011 			err(1, "kvm_read(%p)",
1012 			    kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc);
1013 		buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] = '\0';
1014 		kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc = strdup(buf);
1015 		if (kmemstats[nkms].ks_use) {
1016 			size_t usebytes;
1017 			void *use;
1018 
1019 			usebytes = ncpus * sizeof(kmemstats[nkms].ks_use[0]);
1020 			use = malloc(usebytes);
1021 			if (kvm_read(kd, (u_long)kmemstats[nkms].ks_use,
1022 				     use, usebytes) != (ssize_t)usebytes) {
1023 				err(1, "kvm_read(%p)", kmemstats[nkms].ks_use);
1024 			}
1025 			kmemstats[nkms].ks_use = use;
1026 		}
1027 		kmsp = kmemstats[nkms].ks_next;
1028 	}
1029 	if (kmsp != NULL)
1030 		warnx("truncated to the first %d memory types", nkms);
1031 
1032 	printf(
1033 	    "\nMemory statistics by type\n");
1034 	printf("               Type   Count  MemUse   Limit Requests\n");
1035 	for (i = 0, ks = &kmemstats[0]; i < nkms; i++, ks++) {
1036 		long ks_inuse;
1037 		long ks_memuse;
1038 		long ks_calls;
1039 
1040 		ks_calls = cpuagg(ks, KSCALLS);
1041 		if (ks_calls == 0 && verbose == 0)
1042 			continue;
1043 
1044 		ks_inuse = cpuagg(ks, KSINUSE);
1045 		ks_memuse = cpuagg(ks, KSMEMUSE);
1046 
1047 		printf("%19s   %s   %s   %s    %s\n",
1048 			ks->ks_shortdesc,
1049 			formatnum(ks_inuse, 5, 1),
1050 			formatnum(ks_memuse, 5, 1),
1051 			formatnum(ks->ks_limit, 5, 1),
1052 			formatnum(ks_calls, 5, 1));
1053 
1054 		totuse += ks_memuse;
1055 		totreq += ks_calls;
1056 	}
1057 	printf("\nMemory Totals:  In Use  Requests\n");
1058 	printf("                 %s  %s\n",
1059 		formatnum(totuse, 5, 1),
1060 		formatnum(totreq, 5, 1));
1061 }
1062 
1063 static void
1064 dooc(void)
1065 {
1066 	struct objcache_stats *stat, *s;
1067 	size_t len, count;
1068 
1069 	if (sysctlbyname("kern.objcache.stats", NULL, &len, NULL, 0) < 0)
1070 		errx(1, "objcache stats sysctl failed\n");
1071 
1072 	/* Add some extra space. */
1073 	stat = malloc(len + (8 * sizeof(*stat)));
1074 	if (sysctlbyname("kern.objcache.stats", stat, &len, NULL, 0) < 0)
1075 		errx(1, "objcache stats sysctl failed\n");
1076 
1077 	printf(
1078 	    "\nObjcache statistics by name\n");
1079 	printf("                 Name    Used  Cached   Limit Requests  Allocs Fails  Exhausts\n");
1080 	for (s = stat, count = 0; count < len; ++s) {
1081 		printf("%21s   %s   %s   %s    %s   %s  %s  %s\n",
1082 		    s->oc_name,
1083 		    formatnum(s->oc_used, 5, 1),
1084 		    formatnum(s->oc_cached, 5, 1),
1085 		    s->oc_limit < OBJCACHE_UNLIMITED ?
1086 		    formatnum(s->oc_limit, 5, 1) : "unlim",
1087 		    formatnum(s->oc_requested, 5, 1),
1088 		    formatnum(s->oc_allocated, 5, 1),
1089 		    formatnum(s->oc_failed, 4, 1),
1090 		    formatnum(s->oc_exhausted, 4, 1));
1091 
1092 		count += sizeof(*s);
1093 	}
1094 	free(stat);
1095 }
1096 
1097 #define MAXSAVE	16
1098 
1099 static void
1100 dozmem(u_int interval, int reps)
1101 {
1102 	struct zlist	zlist;
1103 	struct vm_zone	*kz;
1104 	struct vm_zone	zone;
1105 	struct vm_zone	save[MAXSAVE];
1106 	long zfreecnt_prev;
1107 	long znalloc_prev;
1108 	long zfreecnt_next;
1109 	long znalloc_next;
1110 	char name[64];
1111 	size_t namesz;
1112 	int first = 1;
1113 	int i;
1114 	int n;
1115 
1116 	bzero(save, sizeof(save));
1117 
1118 again:
1119 	kread(X_ZLIST, &zlist, sizeof(zlist));
1120 	kz = LIST_FIRST(&zlist);
1121 	i = 0;
1122 
1123 	while (kz) {
1124 		if (kvm_read(kd, (intptr_t)kz, &zone, sizeof(zone)) !=
1125 		    (ssize_t)sizeof(zone)) {
1126 			perror("kvm_read");
1127 			break;
1128 		}
1129 		zfreecnt_prev = save[i].zfreecnt;
1130 		znalloc_prev = save[i].znalloc;
1131 		for (n = 0; n < ncpus; ++n) {
1132 			zfreecnt_prev += save[i].zpcpu[n].zfreecnt;
1133 			znalloc_prev += save[i].zpcpu[n].znalloc;
1134 		}
1135 
1136 		zfreecnt_next = zone.zfreecnt;
1137 		znalloc_next = zone.znalloc;
1138 		for (n = 0; n < ncpus; ++n) {
1139 			zfreecnt_next += zone.zpcpu[n].zfreecnt;
1140 			znalloc_next += zone.zpcpu[n].znalloc;
1141 		}
1142 		save[i] = zone;
1143 
1144 		namesz = sizeof(name);
1145 		if (kvm_readstr(kd, (intptr_t)zone.zname, name, &namesz) == NULL) {
1146 			perror("kvm_read");
1147 			break;
1148 		}
1149 		if (first && interval) {
1150 			/* do nothing */
1151 		} else if (zone.zmax) {
1152 			printf("%-10s %9ld / %-9ld %5ldM used"
1153 			       " %6.2f%% ",
1154 				name,
1155 				(long)(zone.ztotal - zfreecnt_next),
1156 				(long)zone.zmax,
1157 				(long)zone.zpagecount * 4096 / (1024 * 1024),
1158 				(double)(zone.ztotal - zfreecnt_next) *
1159 					100.0 / (double)zone.zmax);
1160 		} else {
1161 			printf("%-10s %9ld             %5ldM used"
1162 			       "         ",
1163 				name,
1164 				(long)(zone.ztotal - zfreecnt_next),
1165 				(long)(zone.ztotal - zfreecnt_next) *
1166 					zone.zsize / (1024 * 1024));
1167 		}
1168 		if (first == 0) {
1169 			printf("use=%ld\n", znalloc_next - znalloc_prev);
1170 		} else if (interval == 0)
1171 			printf("\n");
1172 
1173 		kz = LIST_NEXT(&zone, zlink);
1174 		++i;
1175 	}
1176 	if (reps) {
1177 		first = 0;
1178 		fflush(stdout);
1179 		usleep(interval * 1000);
1180 		--reps;
1181 		printf("\n");
1182 		goto again;
1183 	}
1184 }
1185 
1186 /*
1187  * kread reads something from the kernel, given its nlist index.
1188  */
1189 static void
1190 kread(int nlx, void *addr, size_t size)
1191 {
1192 	const char *sym;
1193 
1194 	if (namelist[nlx].n_type == 0 || namelist[nlx].n_value == 0) {
1195 		sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
1196 		if (*sym == '_')
1197 			++sym;
1198 		errx(1, "symbol %s not defined", sym);
1199 	}
1200 	if (kvm_read(kd, namelist[nlx].n_value, addr, size) != (ssize_t)size) {
1201 		sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
1202 		if (*sym == '_')
1203 			++sym;
1204 		errx(1, "%s: %s", sym, kvm_geterr(kd));
1205 	}
1206 }
1207 
1208 static void
1209 usage(void)
1210 {
1211 	fprintf(stderr, "%s%s",
1212 		"usage: vmstat [-imsuvz] [-c count] [-M core] "
1213 		"[-N system] [-w wait]\n",
1214 		"              [-n devs] [disks]\n");
1215 	exit(1);
1216 }
1217