1 /* 2 * Copyright (C) 1992-1994,2001 by Joerg Wunsch, Dresden 3 * All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 7 * are met: 8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 9 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 12 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 13 * 14 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR(S) ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 15 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 16 * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 17 * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 18 * INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 19 * (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 20 * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 21 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 22 * STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN 23 * ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 24 * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 25 * 26 * $FreeBSD: src/usr.sbin/fdformat/fdformat.c,v 1.11.2.4 2001/07/19 13:20:42 joerg Exp $ 27 */ 28 29 /* 30 * FreeBSD: 31 * format a floppy disk 32 * 33 * Added FD_GTYPE ioctl, verifying, proportional indicators. 34 * Serge Vakulenko, vak@zebub.msk.su 35 * Sat Dec 18 17:45:47 MSK 1993 36 * 37 * Final adaptation, change format/verify logic, add separate 38 * format gap/interleave values 39 * Andrew A. Chernov, ache@astral.msk.su 40 * Thu Jan 27 00:47:24 MSK 1994 41 */ 42 43 #include <ctype.h> 44 #include <err.h> 45 #include <errno.h> 46 #include <fcntl.h> 47 #include <paths.h> 48 #include <stdio.h> 49 #include <stdlib.h> 50 #include <string.h> 51 #include <unistd.h> 52 53 #include <machine/ioctl_fd.h> 54 55 static void 56 format_track(int fd, int cyl, int secs, int head, int rate, 57 int gaplen, int secsize, int fill,int interleave) 58 { 59 struct fd_formb f; 60 int i, j; 61 int il[FD_MAX_NSEC + 1]; 62 63 memset(il, 0, sizeof(il)); 64 for (j = 0, i = 1; i <= secs; i++) { 65 while (il[(j % secs) + 1]) 66 j++; 67 il[(j % secs) + 1] = i; 68 j += interleave; 69 } 70 71 f.format_version = FD_FORMAT_VERSION; 72 f.head = head; 73 f.cyl = cyl; 74 f.transfer_rate = rate; 75 76 f.fd_formb_secshift = secsize; 77 f.fd_formb_nsecs = secs; 78 f.fd_formb_gaplen = gaplen; 79 f.fd_formb_fillbyte = fill; 80 for (i = 0; i < secs; i++) { 81 f.fd_formb_cylno(i) = cyl; 82 f.fd_formb_headno(i) = head; 83 f.fd_formb_secno(i) = il[i+1]; 84 f.fd_formb_secsize(i) = secsize; 85 } 86 if (ioctl(fd, FD_FORM, (caddr_t)&f) < 0) 87 err(1, "ioctl(FD_FORM)"); 88 } 89 90 static int 91 verify_track(int fd, int track, int tracksize) 92 { 93 static char *buf = NULL; 94 static int bufsz = 0; 95 int fdopts = -1, ofdopts, rv = 0; 96 97 if (ioctl(fd, FD_GOPTS, &fdopts) < 0) 98 warn("warning: ioctl(FD_GOPTS)"); 99 else { 100 ofdopts = fdopts; 101 fdopts |= FDOPT_NORETRY; 102 ioctl(fd, FD_SOPTS, &fdopts); 103 } 104 105 if (bufsz < tracksize) { 106 if (buf != NULL) /* XXX why would this ever be? */ 107 free(buf); 108 bufsz = tracksize; 109 buf = NULL; 110 } 111 if (buf == NULL) 112 buf = malloc(bufsz); 113 if (buf == NULL) 114 errx(2, "out of memory"); 115 if (lseek(fd, (long)track * tracksize, 0) < 0) 116 rv = -1; 117 /* try twice reading it, without using the normal retrier */ 118 else if (read(fd, buf, tracksize) != tracksize 119 && read(fd, buf, tracksize) != tracksize) 120 rv = -1; 121 if(fdopts != -1) 122 ioctl(fd, FD_SOPTS, &ofdopts); 123 return(rv); 124 } 125 126 static const char * 127 makename(const char *arg, const char *suffix) 128 { 129 static char namebuff[20]; /* big enough for "/dev/fd0a"... */ 130 131 memset(namebuff, 0, 20); 132 if(*arg == '\0') /* ??? */ 133 return(arg); 134 if(*arg == '/') /* do not convert absolute pathnames */ 135 return(arg); 136 strcpy(namebuff, _PATH_DEV); 137 strncat(namebuff, arg, 3); 138 strcat(namebuff, suffix); 139 return(namebuff); 140 } 141 142 static void 143 usage(void) 144 { 145 fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n", 146 "usage: fdformat [-y] [-q] [-n | -v] [-f #] [-c #] [-s #] [-h #]", 147 " [-r #] [-g #] [-i #] [-S #] [-F #] [-t #] devname"); 148 exit(2); 149 } 150 151 static int 152 yes(void) 153 { 154 char reply[256], *p; 155 156 reply[sizeof(reply) - 1] = 0; 157 for (;;) { 158 fflush(stdout); 159 if (fgets(reply, sizeof(reply) - 1, stdin) == NULL) 160 return(0); 161 for (p = reply; *p == ' ' || *p == '\t'; ++p) 162 continue; 163 if (*p == 'y' || *p == 'Y') 164 return(1); 165 if (*p == 'n' || *p == 'N' || *p == '\n' || *p == '\r') 166 return(0); 167 printf("Answer `yes' or `no': "); 168 } 169 } 170 171 /* 172 * Some definitions imported from /sys/isa/ic/nec765.h for convenience. 173 */ 174 175 /* Status register ST0 */ 176 #define NE7_ST0_IC 0xc0 /* interrupt completion code */ 177 #define NE7_ST0_IC_AT 0x40 /* abnormal termination, check error stat */ 178 #define NE7_ST0_IC_RC 0xc0 /* terminated due to ready changed, n/a */ 179 180 /* Status register ST1 */ 181 #define NE7_ST1_EN 0x80 /* end of cylinder, access past last record */ 182 #define NE7_ST1_DE 0x20 /* data error, CRC fail in ID or data */ 183 #define NE7_ST1_ND 0x04 /* no data, sector not found or CRC in ID f. */ 184 #define NE7_ST1_MA 0x01 /* missing address mark (in ID or data field)*/ 185 186 /* Status register ST2 */ 187 #define NE7_ST2_DD 0x20 /* data error in data field, CRC fail */ 188 #define NE7_ST2_WC 0x10 /* wrong cylinder, ID field mismatches cmd */ 189 #define NE7_ST2_MD 0x01 /* missing address mark in data field */ 190 191 /* 192 * Decode the FDC status pointed to by `fdcsp', and print a textual 193 * translation to stderr. 194 */ 195 static void 196 printstatus(struct fdc_status *fdcsp) 197 { 198 char msgbuf[100]; 199 200 if ((fdcsp->status[0] & NE7_ST0_IC_RC) != NE7_ST0_IC_AT) { 201 sprintf(msgbuf, "unexcpted interrupt code %#x", 202 fdcsp->status[0] & NE7_ST0_IC_RC); 203 } else { 204 strcpy(msgbuf, "unexpected error code in ST1/ST2"); 205 206 if (fdcsp->status[1] & NE7_ST1_EN) 207 strcpy(msgbuf, "end of cylinder (wrong format)"); 208 else if (fdcsp->status[1] & NE7_ST1_DE) { 209 if (fdcsp->status[2] & NE7_ST2_DD) 210 strcpy(msgbuf, "CRC error in data field"); 211 else 212 strcpy(msgbuf, "CRC error in ID field"); 213 } else if (fdcsp->status[1] & NE7_ST1_MA) { 214 if (fdcsp->status[2] & NE7_ST2_MD) 215 strcpy(msgbuf, "no address mark in data field"); 216 else 217 strcpy(msgbuf, "no address mark in ID field"); 218 } else if (fdcsp->status[2] & NE7_ST2_WC) 219 strcpy(msgbuf, "wrong cylinder (format mismatch)"); 220 else if (fdcsp->status[1] & NE7_ST1_ND) 221 strcpy(msgbuf, "no data (sector not found)"); 222 } 223 fputs(msgbuf, stderr); 224 } 225 226 int 227 main(int argc, char **argv) 228 { 229 int format = -1, cyls = -1, secs = -1, heads = -1, intleave = -1; 230 int rate = -1, gaplen = -1, secsize = -1, steps = -1; 231 int fill = 0xf6, quiet = 0, verify = 1, verify_only = 0, confirm = 0; 232 int fd, c, i, track, error, tracks_per_dot, bytes_per_track, errs; 233 int fdopts; 234 const char *dev_name, *suffix; 235 struct fd_type fdt; 236 #define MAXPRINTERRS 10 237 struct fdc_status fdcs[MAXPRINTERRS]; 238 239 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "f:c:s:h:r:g:S:F:t:i:qyvn")) != -1) 240 switch (c) { 241 case 'f': /* format in kilobytes */ 242 format = atoi(optarg); 243 break; 244 245 case 'c': /* # of cyls */ 246 cyls = atoi(optarg); 247 break; 248 249 case 's': /* # of secs per track */ 250 secs = atoi(optarg); 251 break; 252 253 case 'h': /* # of heads */ 254 heads = atoi(optarg); 255 break; 256 257 case 'r': /* transfer rate, kilobyte/sec */ 258 rate = atoi(optarg); 259 break; 260 261 case 'g': /* length of GAP3 to format with */ 262 gaplen = atoi(optarg); 263 break; 264 265 case 'S': /* sector size shift factor (1 << S)*128 */ 266 secsize = atoi(optarg); 267 break; 268 269 case 'F': /* fill byte, C-like notation allowed */ 270 fill = (int)strtol(optarg, NULL, 0); 271 break; 272 273 case 't': /* steps per track */ 274 steps = atoi(optarg); 275 break; 276 277 case 'i': /* interleave factor */ 278 intleave = atoi(optarg); 279 break; 280 281 case 'q': 282 quiet = 1; 283 break; 284 285 case 'y': 286 confirm = 1; 287 break; 288 289 case 'n': 290 verify = 0; 291 break; 292 293 case 'v': 294 verify = 1; 295 verify_only = 1; 296 break; 297 298 case '?': default: 299 usage(); 300 } 301 302 if (optind != argc - 1) 303 usage(); 304 305 switch (format) { 306 default: 307 errx(2, "bad floppy size: %dK", format); 308 case -1: suffix = ""; break; 309 case 360: suffix = ".360"; break; 310 case 640: suffix = ".640"; break; 311 case 720: suffix = ".720"; break; 312 case 800: suffix = ".800"; break; 313 case 820: suffix = ".820"; break; 314 case 1200: suffix = ".1200"; break; 315 case 1232: suffix = ".1232"; break; 316 case 1440: suffix = ".1440"; break; 317 case 1480: suffix = ".1480"; break; 318 case 1720: suffix = ".1720"; break; 319 } 320 321 dev_name = makename(argv[optind], suffix); 322 323 if ((fd = open(dev_name, O_RDWR)) < 0) 324 err(1, "%s", dev_name); 325 326 if (ioctl(fd, FD_GTYPE, &fdt) < 0) 327 errx(1, "not a floppy disk: %s", dev_name); 328 fdopts = FDOPT_NOERRLOG; 329 if (ioctl(fd, FD_SOPTS, &fdopts) == -1) 330 err(1, "ioctl(FD_SOPTS, FDOPT_NOERRLOG)"); 331 332 switch(rate) { 333 case -1: break; 334 case 250: fdt.trans = FDC_250KBPS; break; 335 case 300: fdt.trans = FDC_300KBPS; break; 336 case 500: fdt.trans = FDC_500KBPS; break; 337 default: 338 errx(2, "invalid transfer rate: %d", rate); 339 } 340 341 if (cyls >= 0) fdt.tracks = cyls; 342 if (secs >= 0) fdt.sectrac = secs; 343 if (fdt.sectrac > FD_MAX_NSEC) 344 errx(2, "too many sectors per track, max value is %d", FD_MAX_NSEC); 345 if (heads >= 0) fdt.heads = heads; 346 if (gaplen >= 0) fdt.f_gap = gaplen; 347 if (secsize >= 0) fdt.secsize = secsize; 348 if (steps >= 0) fdt.steptrac = steps; 349 if (intleave >= 0) fdt.f_inter = intleave; 350 351 bytes_per_track = fdt.sectrac * (1 << fdt.secsize) * 128; 352 353 /* XXX 20/40 = 0.5 */ 354 tracks_per_dot = (fdt.tracks * fdt.heads + 20) / 40; 355 356 if (verify_only) { 357 if (!quiet) 358 printf("Verify %dK floppy `%s'.\n", 359 fdt.tracks * fdt.heads * bytes_per_track / 1024, 360 dev_name); 361 } 362 else if (!quiet && !confirm) { 363 printf("Format %dK floppy `%s'? (y/n): ", 364 fdt.tracks * fdt.heads * bytes_per_track / 1024, 365 dev_name); 366 if (!yes()) { 367 printf("Not confirmed.\n"); 368 return(3); 369 } 370 } 371 372 /* 373 * Formatting. 374 */ 375 if (!quiet) { 376 printf("Processing "); 377 for (i = 0; i < (fdt.tracks * fdt.heads) / tracks_per_dot; i++) 378 putchar('-'); 379 printf("\rProcessing "); 380 fflush(stdout); 381 } 382 383 error = errs = 0; 384 385 for (track = 0; track < fdt.tracks * fdt.heads; track++) { 386 if (!verify_only) { 387 format_track(fd, track / fdt.heads, fdt.sectrac, 388 track % fdt.heads, fdt.trans, fdt.f_gap, 389 fdt.secsize, fill, fdt.f_inter); 390 if(!quiet && !((track + 1) % tracks_per_dot)) { 391 putchar('F'); 392 fflush(stdout); 393 } 394 } 395 if (verify) { 396 if (verify_track(fd, track, bytes_per_track) < 0) { 397 error = 1; 398 if (errs < MAXPRINTERRS && errno == EIO) { 399 if (ioctl(fd, FD_GSTAT, fdcs + errs) == 400 -1) 401 errx(1, 402 "floppy IO error, but no FDC status"); 403 errs++; 404 } 405 } 406 if(!quiet && !((track + 1) % tracks_per_dot)) { 407 if (!verify_only) 408 putchar('\b'); 409 if (error) { 410 putchar('E'); 411 error = 0; 412 } 413 else 414 putchar('V'); 415 fflush(stdout); 416 } 417 } 418 } 419 if (!quiet) 420 printf(" done.\n"); 421 422 if (!quiet && errs) { 423 fflush(stdout); 424 fprintf(stderr, "Errors encountered:\nCyl Head Sect Error\n"); 425 for (i = 0; i < errs && i < MAXPRINTERRS; i++) { 426 fprintf(stderr, " %2d %2d %2d ", 427 fdcs[i].status[3], fdcs[i].status[4], 428 fdcs[i].status[5]); 429 printstatus(fdcs + i); 430 putc('\n', stderr); 431 } 432 if (errs >= MAXPRINTERRS) 433 fprintf(stderr, "(Further errors not printed.)\n"); 434 } 435 436 return(errs != 0); 437 } 438