xref: /dragonfly/usr.sbin/pciconf/pciconf.c (revision dca3c15d)
1 /*
2  * Copyright 1996 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
3  *
4  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and
5  * its documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby
6  * granted, provided that both the above copyright notice and this
7  * permission notice appear in all copies, that both the above
8  * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all
9  * supporting documentation, and that the name of M.I.T. not be used
10  * in advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution of the
11  * software without specific, written prior permission.  M.I.T. makes
12  * no representations about the suitability of this software for any
13  * purpose.  It is provided "as is" without express or implied
14  * warranty.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY M.I.T. ``AS IS''.  M.I.T. DISCLAIMS
17  * ALL EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE,
18  * INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
19  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. IN NO EVENT
20  * SHALL M.I.T. BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
21  * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
22  * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF
23  * USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
24  * ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
25  * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT
26  * OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  *
29  * $FreeBSD: src/usr.sbin/pciconf/pciconf.c,v 1.30.2.3.2.1 2009/04/15 03:14:26 kensmith Exp $
30  * $DragonFly: src/usr.sbin/pciconf/pciconf.c,v 1.6 2005/01/01 22:06:25 cpressey Exp $
31  */
32 
33 #include <sys/types.h>
34 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
35 
36 #include <ctype.h>
37 #include <err.h>
38 #include <stdlib.h>
39 #include <stdio.h>
40 #include <string.h>
41 #include <unistd.h>
42 #include <sys/pciio.h>
43 #include <sys/queue.h>
44 
45 #include <bus/pci/pcireg.h>
46 
47 #include "pathnames.h"
48 #include "pciconf.h"
49 
50 struct pci_device_info
51 {
52     TAILQ_ENTRY(pci_device_info)	link;
53     int					id;
54     char				*desc;
55 };
56 
57 struct pci_vendor_info
58 {
59     TAILQ_ENTRY(pci_vendor_info)	link;
60     TAILQ_HEAD(,pci_device_info)	devs;
61     int					id;
62     char				*desc;
63 };
64 
65 TAILQ_HEAD(,pci_vendor_info)	pci_vendors;
66 
67 static void list_bars(int fd, struct pci_conf *p);
68 static void list_devs(int verbose, int bars, int caps);
69 static void list_verbose(struct pci_conf *p);
70 static const char *guess_class(struct pci_conf *p);
71 static const char *guess_subclass(struct pci_conf *p);
72 static int load_vendors(void);
73 static void readit(const char *, const char *, int);
74 static void writeit(const char *, const char *, const char *, int);
75 static void chkattached(const char *, int);
76 
77 static int exitstatus = 0;
78 
79 static void
80 usage(void)
81 {
82 	fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n",
83 		"usage: pciconf -l [-bcv]",
84 		"       pciconf -a selector",
85 		"       pciconf -r [-b | -h] selector addr[:addr2]",
86 		"       pciconf -w [-b | -h] selector addr value");
87 	exit (1);
88 }
89 
90 int
91 main(int argc, char **argv)
92 {
93 	int c;
94 	int listmode, readmode, writemode, attachedmode, bars, caps, verbose;
95 	int byte, isshort;
96 
97 	listmode = readmode = writemode = attachedmode = bars = caps = verbose = byte = isshort = 0;
98 
99 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "abchlrwv")) != -1) {
100 		switch(c) {
101 		case 'a':
102 			attachedmode = 1;
103 			break;
104 
105 		case 'b':
106 			bars = 1;
107 			byte = 1;
108 			break;
109 
110 		case 'c':
111 			caps = 1;
112 			break;
113 
114 		case 'h':
115 			isshort = 1;
116 			break;
117 
118 		case 'l':
119 			listmode = 1;
120 			break;
121 
122 		case 'r':
123 			readmode = 1;
124 			break;
125 
126 		case 'w':
127 			writemode = 1;
128 			break;
129 
130 		case 'v':
131 			verbose = 1;
132 			break;
133 
134 		default:
135 			usage();
136 		}
137 	}
138 
139 	if ((listmode && optind != argc)
140 	    || (writemode && optind + 3 != argc)
141 	    || (readmode && optind + 2 != argc)
142 	    || (attachedmode && optind + 1 != argc))
143 		usage();
144 
145 	if (listmode) {
146 		list_devs(verbose, bars, caps);
147 	} else if (attachedmode) {
148 		chkattached(argv[optind],
149 		       byte ? 1 : isshort ? 2 : 4);
150 	} else if (readmode) {
151 		readit(argv[optind], argv[optind + 1],
152 		       byte ? 1 : isshort ? 2 : 4);
153 	} else if (writemode) {
154 		writeit(argv[optind], argv[optind + 1], argv[optind + 2],
155 		       byte ? 1 : isshort ? 2 : 4);
156 	} else {
157 		usage();
158 	}
159 
160 	return exitstatus;
161 }
162 
163 static void
164 list_devs(int verbose, int bars, int caps)
165 {
166 	int fd;
167 	struct pci_conf_io pc;
168 	struct pci_conf conf[255], *p;
169 	int none_count = 0;
170 
171 	if (verbose)
172 		load_vendors();
173 
174 	fd = open(_PATH_DEVPCI, caps ? O_RDWR : O_RDONLY, 0);
175 	if (fd < 0)
176 		err(1, "%s", _PATH_DEVPCI);
177 
178 	bzero(&pc, sizeof(struct pci_conf_io));
179 	pc.match_buf_len = sizeof(conf);
180 	pc.matches = conf;
181 
182 	do {
183 		if (ioctl(fd, PCIOCGETCONF, &pc) == -1)
184 			err(1, "ioctl(PCIOCGETCONF)");
185 
186 		/*
187 		 * 255 entries should be more than enough for most people,
188 		 * but if someone has more devices, and then changes things
189 		 * around between ioctls, we'll do the cheezy thing and
190 		 * just bail.  The alternative would be to go back to the
191 		 * beginning of the list, and print things twice, which may
192 		 * not be desireable.
193 		 */
194 		if (pc.status == PCI_GETCONF_LIST_CHANGED) {
195 			warnx("PCI device list changed, please try again");
196 			exitstatus = 1;
197 			close(fd);
198 			return;
199 		} else if (pc.status ==  PCI_GETCONF_ERROR) {
200 			warnx("error returned from PCIOCGETCONF ioctl");
201 			exitstatus = 1;
202 			close(fd);
203 			return;
204 		}
205 		for (p = conf; p < &conf[pc.num_matches]; p++) {
206 			printf("%s%d@pci%d:%d:%d:%d:\tclass=0x%06x card=0x%08x "
207 			       "chip=0x%08x rev=0x%02x hdr=0x%02x\n",
208 			       (p->pd_name && *p->pd_name) ? p->pd_name :
209 			       "none",
210 			       (p->pd_name && *p->pd_name) ? (int)p->pd_unit :
211 			       none_count++, p->pc_sel.pc_domain,
212 			       p->pc_sel.pc_bus, p->pc_sel.pc_dev,
213 			       p->pc_sel.pc_func, (p->pc_class << 16) |
214 			       (p->pc_subclass << 8) | p->pc_progif,
215 			       (p->pc_subdevice << 16) | p->pc_subvendor,
216 			       (p->pc_device << 16) | p->pc_vendor,
217 			       p->pc_revid, p->pc_hdr);
218 			if (verbose)
219 				list_verbose(p);
220 			if (bars)
221 				list_bars(fd, p);
222 			if (caps)
223 				list_caps(fd, p);
224 		}
225 	} while (pc.status == PCI_GETCONF_MORE_DEVS);
226 
227 	close(fd);
228 }
229 
230 static void
231 list_bars(int fd, struct pci_conf *p)
232 {
233 	struct pci_bar_io bar;
234 	uint64_t base;
235 	const char *type;
236 	int i, range, max;
237 
238 	switch (p->pc_hdr & PCIM_HDRTYPE) {
239 	case PCIM_HDRTYPE_NORMAL:
240 		max = PCIR_MAX_BAR_0;
241 		break;
242 	case PCIM_HDRTYPE_BRIDGE:
243 		max = PCIR_MAX_BAR_1;
244 		break;
245 	case PCIM_HDRTYPE_CARDBUS:
246 		max = PCIR_MAX_BAR_2;
247 		break;
248 	default:
249 		return;
250 	}
251 
252 	for (i = 0; i <= max; i++) {
253 		bar.pbi_sel = p->pc_sel;
254 		bar.pbi_reg = PCIR_BAR(i);
255 		if (ioctl(fd, PCIOCGETBAR, &bar) < 0)
256 			continue;
257 		if (PCI_BAR_IO(bar.pbi_base)) {
258 			type = "I/O Port";
259 			range = 32;
260 			base = bar.pbi_base & PCIM_BAR_IO_BASE;
261 		} else {
262 			if (bar.pbi_base & PCIM_BAR_MEM_PREFETCH)
263 				type = "Prefetchable Memory";
264 			else
265 				type = "Memory";
266 			switch (bar.pbi_base & PCIM_BAR_MEM_TYPE) {
267 			case PCIM_BAR_MEM_32:
268 				range = 32;
269 				break;
270 			case PCIM_BAR_MEM_1MB:
271 				range = 20;
272 				break;
273 			case PCIM_BAR_MEM_64:
274 				range = 64;
275 				break;
276 			default:
277 				range = -1;
278 			}
279 			base = bar.pbi_base & ~((uint64_t)0xf);
280 		}
281 		printf("    bar   [%02x] = type %s, range %2d, base %#jx, ",
282 		    PCIR_BAR(i), type, range, (uintmax_t)base);
283 		printf("size %2d, %s\n", (int)bar.pbi_length,
284 		    bar.pbi_enabled ? "enabled" : "disabled");
285 	}
286 }
287 
288 static void
289 list_verbose(struct pci_conf *p)
290 {
291 	struct pci_vendor_info	*vi;
292 	struct pci_device_info	*di;
293 	const char *dp;
294 
295 	TAILQ_FOREACH(vi, &pci_vendors, link) {
296 		if (vi->id == p->pc_vendor) {
297 			printf("    vendor     = '%s'\n", vi->desc);
298 			break;
299 		}
300 	}
301 	if (vi == NULL) {
302 		di = NULL;
303 	} else {
304 		TAILQ_FOREACH(di, &vi->devs, link) {
305 			if (di->id == p->pc_device) {
306 				printf("    device     = '%s'\n", di->desc);
307 				break;
308 			}
309 		}
310 	}
311 	if ((dp = guess_class(p)) != NULL)
312 		printf("    class      = %s\n", dp);
313 	if ((dp = guess_subclass(p)) != NULL)
314 		printf("    subclass   = %s\n", dp);
315 }
316 
317 /*
318  * This is a direct cut-and-paste from the table in sys/bus/pci/pcireg.h.
319  */
320 static struct
321 {
322 	int	class;
323 	int	subclass;
324 	const char *desc;
325 } pci_nomatch_tab[] = {
326 	{PCIC_OLD,		-1,			"old"},
327 	{PCIC_OLD,		PCIS_OLD_NONVGA,	"non-VGA display device"},
328 	{PCIC_OLD,		PCIS_OLD_VGA,		"VGA-compatible display device"},
329 	{PCIC_STORAGE,		-1,			"mass storage"},
330 	{PCIC_STORAGE,		PCIS_STORAGE_SCSI,	"SCSI"},
331 	{PCIC_STORAGE,		PCIS_STORAGE_IDE,	"ATA"},
332 	{PCIC_STORAGE,		PCIS_STORAGE_FLOPPY,	"floppy disk"},
333 	{PCIC_STORAGE,		PCIS_STORAGE_IPI,	"IPI"},
334 	{PCIC_STORAGE,		PCIS_STORAGE_RAID,	"RAID"},
335 	{PCIC_STORAGE,		PCIS_STORAGE_ATA_ADMA,	"ATA (ADMA)"},
336 	{PCIC_STORAGE,		PCIS_STORAGE_SATA,	"SATA"},
337 	{PCIC_STORAGE,		PCIS_STORAGE_SAS,	"SAS"},
338 	{PCIC_NETWORK,		-1,			"network"},
339 	{PCIC_NETWORK,		PCIS_NETWORK_ETHERNET,	"ethernet"},
340 	{PCIC_NETWORK,		PCIS_NETWORK_TOKENRING,	"token ring"},
341 	{PCIC_NETWORK,		PCIS_NETWORK_FDDI,	"fddi"},
342 	{PCIC_NETWORK,		PCIS_NETWORK_ATM,	"ATM"},
343 	{PCIC_NETWORK,		PCIS_NETWORK_ISDN,	"ISDN"},
344 	{PCIC_DISPLAY,		-1,			"display"},
345 	{PCIC_DISPLAY,		PCIS_DISPLAY_VGA,	"VGA"},
346 	{PCIC_DISPLAY,		PCIS_DISPLAY_XGA,	"XGA"},
347 	{PCIC_DISPLAY,		PCIS_DISPLAY_3D,	"3D"},
348 	{PCIC_MULTIMEDIA,	-1,			"multimedia"},
349 	{PCIC_MULTIMEDIA,	PCIS_MULTIMEDIA_VIDEO,	"video"},
350 	{PCIC_MULTIMEDIA,	PCIS_MULTIMEDIA_AUDIO,	"audio"},
351 	{PCIC_MULTIMEDIA,	PCIS_MULTIMEDIA_TELE,	"telephony"},
352 	{PCIC_MULTIMEDIA,	PCIS_MULTIMEDIA_HDA,	"HDA"},
353 	{PCIC_MEMORY,		-1,			"memory"},
354 	{PCIC_MEMORY,		PCIS_MEMORY_RAM,	"RAM"},
355 	{PCIC_MEMORY,		PCIS_MEMORY_FLASH,	"flash"},
356 	{PCIC_BRIDGE,		-1,			"bridge"},
357 	{PCIC_BRIDGE,		PCIS_BRIDGE_HOST,	"HOST-PCI"},
358 	{PCIC_BRIDGE,		PCIS_BRIDGE_ISA,	"PCI-ISA"},
359 	{PCIC_BRIDGE,		PCIS_BRIDGE_EISA,	"PCI-EISA"},
360 	{PCIC_BRIDGE,		PCIS_BRIDGE_MCA,	"PCI-MCA"},
361 	{PCIC_BRIDGE,		PCIS_BRIDGE_PCI,	"PCI-PCI"},
362 	{PCIC_BRIDGE,		PCIS_BRIDGE_PCMCIA,	"PCI-PCMCIA"},
363 	{PCIC_BRIDGE,		PCIS_BRIDGE_NUBUS,	"PCI-NuBus"},
364 	{PCIC_BRIDGE,		PCIS_BRIDGE_CARDBUS,	"PCI-CardBus"},
365 	{PCIC_BRIDGE,		PCIS_BRIDGE_RACEWAY,	"PCI-RACEway"},
366 	{PCIC_SIMPLECOMM,	-1,			"simple comms"},
367 	{PCIC_SIMPLECOMM,	PCIS_SIMPLECOMM_UART,	"UART"},	/* could detect 16550 */
368 	{PCIC_SIMPLECOMM,	PCIS_SIMPLECOMM_PAR,	"parallel port"},
369 	{PCIC_SIMPLECOMM,	PCIS_SIMPLECOMM_MULSER,	"multiport serial"},
370 	{PCIC_SIMPLECOMM,	PCIS_SIMPLECOMM_MODEM,	"generic modem"},
371 	{PCIC_BASEPERIPH,	-1,			"base peripheral"},
372 	{PCIC_BASEPERIPH,	PCIS_BASEPERIPH_PIC,	"interrupt controller"},
373 	{PCIC_BASEPERIPH,	PCIS_BASEPERIPH_DMA,	"DMA controller"},
374 	{PCIC_BASEPERIPH,	PCIS_BASEPERIPH_TIMER,	"timer"},
375 	{PCIC_BASEPERIPH,	PCIS_BASEPERIPH_RTC,	"realtime clock"},
376 	{PCIC_BASEPERIPH,	PCIS_BASEPERIPH_PCIHOT,	"PCI hot-plug controller"},
377 	{PCIC_BASEPERIPH,	PCIS_BASEPERIPH_SDHC,	"SD host controller"},
378 	{PCIC_INPUTDEV,		-1,			"input device"},
379 	{PCIC_INPUTDEV,		PCIS_INPUTDEV_KEYBOARD,	"keyboard"},
380 	{PCIC_INPUTDEV,		PCIS_INPUTDEV_DIGITIZER,"digitizer"},
381 	{PCIC_INPUTDEV,		PCIS_INPUTDEV_MOUSE,	"mouse"},
382 	{PCIC_INPUTDEV,		PCIS_INPUTDEV_SCANNER,	"scanner"},
383 	{PCIC_INPUTDEV,		PCIS_INPUTDEV_GAMEPORT,	"gameport"},
384 	{PCIC_DOCKING,		-1,			"docking station"},
385 	{PCIC_PROCESSOR,	-1,			"processor"},
386 	{PCIC_SERIALBUS,	-1,			"serial bus"},
387 	{PCIC_SERIALBUS,	PCIS_SERIALBUS_FW,	"FireWire"},
388 	{PCIC_SERIALBUS,	PCIS_SERIALBUS_ACCESS,	"AccessBus"},
389 	{PCIC_SERIALBUS,	PCIS_SERIALBUS_SSA,	"SSA"},
390 	{PCIC_SERIALBUS,	PCIS_SERIALBUS_USB,	"USB"},
391 	{PCIC_SERIALBUS,	PCIS_SERIALBUS_FC,	"Fibre Channel"},
392 	{PCIC_SERIALBUS,	PCIS_SERIALBUS_SMBUS,	"SMBus"},
393 	{PCIC_WIRELESS,		-1,			"wireless controller"},
394 	{PCIC_WIRELESS,		PCIS_WIRELESS_IRDA,	"iRDA"},
395 	{PCIC_WIRELESS,		PCIS_WIRELESS_IR,	"IR"},
396 	{PCIC_WIRELESS,		PCIS_WIRELESS_RF,	"RF"},
397 	{PCIC_INTELLIIO,	-1,			"intelligent I/O controller"},
398 	{PCIC_INTELLIIO,	PCIS_INTELLIIO_I2O,	"I2O"},
399 	{PCIC_SATCOM,		-1,			"satellite communication"},
400 	{PCIC_SATCOM,		PCIS_SATCOM_TV,		"sat TV"},
401 	{PCIC_SATCOM,		PCIS_SATCOM_AUDIO,	"sat audio"},
402 	{PCIC_SATCOM,		PCIS_SATCOM_VOICE,	"sat voice"},
403 	{PCIC_SATCOM,		PCIS_SATCOM_DATA,	"sat data"},
404 	{PCIC_CRYPTO,		-1,			"encrypt/decrypt"},
405 	{PCIC_CRYPTO,		PCIS_CRYPTO_NETCOMP,	"network/computer crypto"},
406 	{PCIC_CRYPTO,		PCIS_CRYPTO_NETCOMP,	"entertainment crypto"},
407 	{PCIC_DASP,		-1,			"dasp"},
408 	{PCIC_DASP,		PCIS_DASP_DPIO,		"DPIO module"},
409 	{0, 0,		NULL}
410 };
411 
412 static const char *
413 guess_class(struct pci_conf *p)
414 {
415 	int	i;
416 
417 	for (i = 0; pci_nomatch_tab[i].desc != NULL; i++) {
418 		if (pci_nomatch_tab[i].class == p->pc_class)
419 			return(pci_nomatch_tab[i].desc);
420 	}
421 	return(NULL);
422 }
423 
424 static const char *
425 guess_subclass(struct pci_conf *p)
426 {
427 	int	i;
428 
429 	for (i = 0; pci_nomatch_tab[i].desc != NULL; i++) {
430 		if ((pci_nomatch_tab[i].class == p->pc_class) &&
431 		    (pci_nomatch_tab[i].subclass == p->pc_subclass))
432 			return(pci_nomatch_tab[i].desc);
433 	}
434 	return(NULL);
435 }
436 
437 static int
438 load_vendors(void)
439 {
440 	const char *dbf;
441 	FILE *db;
442 	struct pci_vendor_info *cv;
443 	struct pci_device_info *cd;
444 	char buf[1024], str[1024];
445 	char *ch;
446 	int id, error;
447 
448 	/*
449 	 * Locate the database and initialise.
450 	 */
451 	TAILQ_INIT(&pci_vendors);
452 	if ((dbf = getenv("PCICONF_VENDOR_DATABASE")) == NULL)
453 		dbf = _PATH_PCIVDB;
454 	if ((db = fopen(dbf, "r")) == NULL)
455 		return(1);
456 	cv = NULL;
457 	cd = NULL;
458 	error = 0;
459 
460 	/*
461 	 * Scan input lines from the database
462 	 */
463 	for (;;) {
464 		if (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), db) == NULL)
465 			break;
466 
467 		if ((ch = strchr(buf, '#')) != NULL)
468 			*ch = '\0';
469 		ch = strchr(buf, '\0') - 1;
470 		while (ch > buf && isspace(*ch))
471 			*ch-- = '\0';
472 		if (ch <= buf)
473 			continue;
474 
475 		/* Can't handle subvendor / subdevice entries yet */
476 		if (buf[0] == '\t' && buf[1] == '\t')
477 			continue;
478 
479 		/* Check for vendor entry */
480 		if (buf[0] != '\t' && sscanf(buf, "%04x %[^\n]", &id, str) == 2) {
481 			if ((id == 0) || (strlen(str) < 1))
482 				continue;
483 			if ((cv = malloc(sizeof(struct pci_vendor_info))) == NULL) {
484 				warn("allocating vendor entry");
485 				error = 1;
486 				break;
487 			}
488 			if ((cv->desc = strdup(str)) == NULL) {
489 				free(cv);
490 				warn("allocating vendor description");
491 				error = 1;
492 				break;
493 			}
494 			cv->id = id;
495 			TAILQ_INIT(&cv->devs);
496 			TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&pci_vendors, cv, link);
497 			continue;
498 		}
499 
500 		/* Check for device entry */
501 		if (buf[0] == '\t' && sscanf(buf + 1, "%04x %[^\n]", &id, str) == 2) {
502 			if ((id == 0) || (strlen(str) < 1))
503 				continue;
504 			if (cv == NULL) {
505 				warnx("device entry with no vendor!");
506 				continue;
507 			}
508 			if ((cd = malloc(sizeof(struct pci_device_info))) == NULL) {
509 				warn("allocating device entry");
510 				error = 1;
511 				break;
512 			}
513 			if ((cd->desc = strdup(str)) == NULL) {
514 				free(cd);
515 				warn("allocating device description");
516 				error = 1;
517 				break;
518 			}
519 			cd->id = id;
520 			TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&cv->devs, cd, link);
521 			continue;
522 		}
523 
524 		/* It's a comment or junk, ignore it */
525 	}
526 	if (ferror(db))
527 		error = 1;
528 	fclose(db);
529 
530 	return(error);
531 }
532 
533 uint32_t
534 read_config(int fd, struct pcisel *sel, long reg, int width)
535 {
536 	struct pci_io pi;
537 
538 	pi.pi_sel = *sel;
539 	pi.pi_reg = reg;
540 	pi.pi_width = width;
541 
542 	if (ioctl(fd, PCIOCREAD, &pi) < 0)
543 		err(1, "ioctl(PCIOCREAD)");
544 
545 	return (pi.pi_data);
546 }
547 
548 static struct pcisel
549 getsel(const char *str)
550 {
551 	char *ep = strchr(str, '@');
552 	char *epbase;
553 	struct pcisel sel = {0,0,0,0};
554 	unsigned long selarr[4];
555 	int i;
556 
557 	if (ep == NULL)
558 		ep = __DECONST(char *, str);
559 	else
560 		ep++;
561 
562 	epbase = ep;
563 
564 	if (strncmp(ep, "pci", 3) == 0) {
565 		ep += 3;
566 		i = 0;
567 		do {
568 			selarr[i++] = strtoul(ep, &ep, 10);
569 		} while ((*ep == ':' || *ep == '.') && *++ep != '\0' && i < 4);
570 
571 		if (i > 2)
572 			sel.pc_func = selarr[--i];
573 		else
574 			sel.pc_func = 0;
575 		sel.pc_dev = selarr[--i];
576 		sel.pc_bus = selarr[--i];
577 		if (i > 0)
578 			sel.pc_domain = selarr[--i];
579 		else
580 			sel.pc_domain = 0;
581 	}
582 	if (*ep != '\x0' || ep == epbase)
583 		errx(1, "cannot parse selector %s", str);
584 	return sel;
585 }
586 
587 static void
588 readone(int fd, struct pcisel *sel, long reg, int width)
589 {
590 
591 	printf("%0*x", width*2, read_config(fd, sel, reg, width));
592 }
593 
594 static void
595 readit(const char *name, const char *reg, int width)
596 {
597 	long rstart;
598 	long rend;
599 	long r;
600 	char *end;
601 	int i;
602 	int fd;
603 	struct pcisel sel;
604 
605 	fd = open(_PATH_DEVPCI, O_RDWR, 0);
606 	if (fd < 0)
607 		err(1, "%s", _PATH_DEVPCI);
608 
609 	rend = rstart = strtol(reg, &end, 0);
610 	if (end && *end == ':') {
611 		end++;
612 		rend = strtol(end, (char **) 0, 0);
613 	}
614 	sel = getsel(name);
615 	for (i = 1, r = rstart; r <= rend; i++, r += width) {
616 		readone(fd, &sel, r, width);
617 		if (i && !(i % 8)) putchar(' ');
618 		putchar(i % (16/width) ? ' ' : '\n');
619 	}
620 	if (i % (16/width) != 1)
621 		putchar('\n');
622 	close(fd);
623 }
624 
625 static void
626 writeit(const char *name, const char *reg, const char *data, int width)
627 {
628 	int fd;
629 	struct pci_io pi;
630 
631 	pi.pi_sel = getsel(name);
632 	pi.pi_reg = strtoul(reg, (char **)0, 0); /* XXX error check */
633 	pi.pi_width = width;
634 	pi.pi_data = strtoul(data, (char **)0, 0); /* XXX error check */
635 
636 	fd = open(_PATH_DEVPCI, O_RDWR, 0);
637 	if (fd < 0)
638 		err(1, "%s", _PATH_DEVPCI);
639 
640 	if (ioctl(fd, PCIOCWRITE, &pi) < 0)
641 		err(1, "ioctl(PCIOCWRITE)");
642 }
643 
644 static void
645 chkattached(const char *name, int width)
646 {
647 	int fd;
648 	struct pci_io pi;
649 
650 	pi.pi_sel = getsel(name);
651 	pi.pi_reg = 0;
652 	pi.pi_width = width;
653 	pi.pi_data = 0;
654 
655 	fd = open(_PATH_DEVPCI, O_RDWR, 0);
656 	if (fd < 0)
657 		err(1, "%s", _PATH_DEVPCI);
658 
659 	if (ioctl(fd, PCIOCATTACHED, &pi) < 0)
660 		err(1, "ioctl(PCIOCATTACHED)");
661 
662 	exitstatus = pi.pi_data ? 0 : 2; /* exit(2), if NOT attached */
663 	printf("%s: %s%s\n", name, pi.pi_data == 0 ? "not " : "", "attached");
664 }
665