xref: /dragonfly/usr.sbin/pfctl/pfctl_optimize.c (revision 10cbe914)
1 /*	$OpenBSD: pfctl_optimize.c,v 1.13 2006/10/31 14:17:45 mcbride Exp $ */
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 2004 Mike Frantzen <frantzen@openbsd.org>
5  *
6  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
7  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
8  * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
9  *
10  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
11  * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
12  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
13  * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
14  * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
15  * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
16  * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
17  */
18 
19 #include <sys/types.h>
20 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
21 #include <sys/socket.h>
22 
23 #include <net/if.h>
24 #include <net/pf/pfvar.h>
25 
26 #include <netinet/in.h>
27 #include <arpa/inet.h>
28 
29 #include <assert.h>
30 #include <ctype.h>
31 #include <err.h>
32 #include <errno.h>
33 #include <stddef.h>
34 #include <stdio.h>
35 #include <stdlib.h>
36 #include <string.h>
37 
38 #include "pfctl_parser.h"
39 #include "pfctl.h"
40 
41 /* The size at which a table becomes faster than individual rules */
42 #define TABLE_THRESHOLD		6
43 
44 
45 /* #define OPT_DEBUG	1 */
46 #ifdef OPT_DEBUG
47 # define DEBUG(str, v...) \
48 	printf("%s: " str "\n", __FUNCTION__ , ## v)
49 #else
50 # define DEBUG(str, v...) ((void)0)
51 #endif
52 
53 
54 /*
55  * A container that lets us sort a superblock to optimize the skip step jumps
56  */
57 struct pf_skip_step {
58 	int				ps_count;	/* number of items */
59 	TAILQ_HEAD( , pf_opt_rule)	ps_rules;
60 	TAILQ_ENTRY(pf_skip_step)	ps_entry;
61 };
62 
63 
64 /*
65  * A superblock is a block of adjacent rules of similar action.  If there
66  * are five PASS rules in a row, they all become members of a superblock.
67  * Once we have a superblock, we are free to re-order any rules within it
68  * in order to improve performance; if a packet is passed, it doesn't matter
69  * who passed it.
70  */
71 struct superblock {
72 	TAILQ_HEAD( , pf_opt_rule)		 sb_rules;
73 	TAILQ_ENTRY(superblock)			 sb_entry;
74 	struct superblock			*sb_profiled_block;
75 	TAILQ_HEAD(skiplist, pf_skip_step)	 sb_skipsteps[PF_SKIP_COUNT];
76 };
77 TAILQ_HEAD(superblocks, superblock);
78 
79 
80 /*
81  * Description of the PF rule structure.
82  */
83 enum {
84     BARRIER,	/* the presence of the field puts the rule in it's own block */
85     BREAK,	/* the field may not differ between rules in a superblock */
86     NOMERGE,	/* the field may not differ between rules when combined */
87     COMBINED,	/* the field may itself be combined with other rules */
88     DC,		/* we just don't care about the field */
89     NEVER};	/* we should never see this field set?!? */
90 struct pf_rule_field {
91 	const char	*prf_name;
92 	int		 prf_type;
93 	size_t		 prf_offset;
94 	size_t		 prf_size;
95 } pf_rule_desc[] = {
96 #define PF_RULE_FIELD(field, ty)	\
97     {#field,				\
98     ty,					\
99     offsetof(struct pf_rule, field),	\
100     sizeof(((struct pf_rule *)0)->field)}
101 
102 
103     /*
104      * The presence of these fields in a rule put the rule in it's own
105      * superblock.  Thus it will not be optimized.  It also prevents the
106      * rule from being re-ordered at all.
107      */
108     PF_RULE_FIELD(label,		BARRIER),
109     PF_RULE_FIELD(prob,			BARRIER),
110     PF_RULE_FIELD(max_states,		BARRIER),
111     PF_RULE_FIELD(max_src_nodes,	BARRIER),
112     PF_RULE_FIELD(max_src_states,	BARRIER),
113     PF_RULE_FIELD(max_src_conn,		BARRIER),
114     PF_RULE_FIELD(max_src_conn_rate,	BARRIER),
115     PF_RULE_FIELD(anchor,		BARRIER),	/* for now */
116 
117     /*
118      * These fields must be the same between all rules in the same superblock.
119      * These rules are allowed to be re-ordered but only among like rules.
120      * For instance we can re-order all 'tag "foo"' rules because they have the
121      * same tag.  But we can not re-order between a 'tag "foo"' and a
122      * 'tag "bar"' since that would change the meaning of the ruleset.
123      */
124     PF_RULE_FIELD(tagname,		BREAK),
125     PF_RULE_FIELD(keep_state,		BREAK),
126     PF_RULE_FIELD(qname,		BREAK),
127     PF_RULE_FIELD(pqname,		BREAK),
128     PF_RULE_FIELD(rt,			BREAK),
129     PF_RULE_FIELD(allow_opts,		BREAK),
130     PF_RULE_FIELD(rule_flag,		BREAK),
131     PF_RULE_FIELD(action,		BREAK),
132     PF_RULE_FIELD(log,			BREAK),
133     PF_RULE_FIELD(quick,		BREAK),
134     PF_RULE_FIELD(return_ttl,		BREAK),
135     PF_RULE_FIELD(overload_tblname,	BREAK),
136     PF_RULE_FIELD(flush,		BREAK),
137     PF_RULE_FIELD(rpool,		BREAK),
138     PF_RULE_FIELD(logif,		BREAK),
139 
140     /*
141      * Any fields not listed in this structure act as BREAK fields
142      */
143 
144 
145     /*
146      * These fields must not differ when we merge two rules together but
147      * their difference isn't enough to put the rules in different superblocks.
148      * There are no problems re-ordering any rules with these fields.
149      */
150     PF_RULE_FIELD(af,			NOMERGE),
151     PF_RULE_FIELD(ifnot,		NOMERGE),
152     PF_RULE_FIELD(ifname,		NOMERGE),	/* hack for IF groups */
153     PF_RULE_FIELD(match_tag_not,	NOMERGE),
154     PF_RULE_FIELD(match_tagname,	NOMERGE),
155     PF_RULE_FIELD(os_fingerprint,	NOMERGE),
156     PF_RULE_FIELD(timeout,		NOMERGE),
157     PF_RULE_FIELD(return_icmp,		NOMERGE),
158     PF_RULE_FIELD(return_icmp6,		NOMERGE),
159     PF_RULE_FIELD(uid,			NOMERGE),
160     PF_RULE_FIELD(gid,			NOMERGE),
161     PF_RULE_FIELD(direction,		NOMERGE),
162     PF_RULE_FIELD(proto,		NOMERGE),
163     PF_RULE_FIELD(type,			NOMERGE),
164     PF_RULE_FIELD(code,			NOMERGE),
165     PF_RULE_FIELD(flags,		NOMERGE),
166     PF_RULE_FIELD(flagset,		NOMERGE),
167     PF_RULE_FIELD(tos,			NOMERGE),
168     PF_RULE_FIELD(src.port,		NOMERGE),
169     PF_RULE_FIELD(dst.port,		NOMERGE),
170     PF_RULE_FIELD(src.port_op,		NOMERGE),
171     PF_RULE_FIELD(dst.port_op,		NOMERGE),
172     PF_RULE_FIELD(src.neg,		NOMERGE),
173     PF_RULE_FIELD(dst.neg,		NOMERGE),
174 
175     /* These fields can be merged */
176     PF_RULE_FIELD(src.addr,		COMBINED),
177     PF_RULE_FIELD(dst.addr,		COMBINED),
178 
179     /* We just don't care about these fields.  They're set by the kernel */
180     PF_RULE_FIELD(skip,			DC),
181     PF_RULE_FIELD(evaluations,		DC),
182     PF_RULE_FIELD(packets,		DC),
183     PF_RULE_FIELD(bytes,		DC),
184     PF_RULE_FIELD(kif,			DC),
185     PF_RULE_FIELD(states,		DC),
186     PF_RULE_FIELD(src_nodes,		DC),
187     PF_RULE_FIELD(nr,			DC),
188     PF_RULE_FIELD(entries,		DC),
189     PF_RULE_FIELD(qid,			DC),
190     PF_RULE_FIELD(pqid,			DC),
191     PF_RULE_FIELD(anchor_relative,	DC),
192     PF_RULE_FIELD(anchor_wildcard,	DC),
193     PF_RULE_FIELD(tag,			DC),
194     PF_RULE_FIELD(match_tag,		DC),
195     PF_RULE_FIELD(overload_tbl,		DC),
196 
197     /* These fields should never be set in a PASS/BLOCK rule */
198     PF_RULE_FIELD(natpass,		NEVER),
199     PF_RULE_FIELD(max_mss,		NEVER),
200     PF_RULE_FIELD(min_ttl,		NEVER),
201 };
202 
203 
204 
205 int	add_opt_table(struct pfctl *, struct pf_opt_tbl **, sa_family_t,
206 	    struct pf_rule_addr *);
207 int	addrs_combineable(struct pf_rule_addr *, struct pf_rule_addr *);
208 int	addrs_equal(struct pf_rule_addr *, struct pf_rule_addr *);
209 int	block_feedback(struct pfctl *, struct superblock *);
210 int	combine_rules(struct pfctl *, struct superblock *);
211 void	comparable_rule(struct pf_rule *, const struct pf_rule *, int);
212 int	construct_superblocks(struct pfctl *, struct pf_opt_queue *,
213 	    struct superblocks *);
214 void	exclude_supersets(struct pf_rule *, struct pf_rule *);
215 int	interface_group(const char *);
216 int	load_feedback_profile(struct pfctl *, struct superblocks *);
217 int	optimize_superblock(struct pfctl *, struct superblock *);
218 int	pf_opt_create_table(struct pfctl *, struct pf_opt_tbl *);
219 void	remove_from_skipsteps(struct skiplist *, struct superblock *,
220 	    struct pf_opt_rule *, struct pf_skip_step *);
221 int	remove_identical_rules(struct pfctl *, struct superblock *);
222 int	reorder_rules(struct pfctl *, struct superblock *, int);
223 int	rules_combineable(struct pf_rule *, struct pf_rule *);
224 void	skip_append(struct superblock *, int, struct pf_skip_step *,
225 	    struct pf_opt_rule *);
226 int	skip_compare(int, struct pf_skip_step *, struct pf_opt_rule *);
227 void	skip_init(void);
228 int	skip_cmp_af(struct pf_rule *, struct pf_rule *);
229 int	skip_cmp_dir(struct pf_rule *, struct pf_rule *);
230 int	skip_cmp_dst_addr(struct pf_rule *, struct pf_rule *);
231 int	skip_cmp_dst_port(struct pf_rule *, struct pf_rule *);
232 int	skip_cmp_ifp(struct pf_rule *, struct pf_rule *);
233 int	skip_cmp_proto(struct pf_rule *, struct pf_rule *);
234 int	skip_cmp_src_addr(struct pf_rule *, struct pf_rule *);
235 int	skip_cmp_src_port(struct pf_rule *, struct pf_rule *);
236 int	superblock_inclusive(struct superblock *, struct pf_opt_rule *);
237 void	superblock_free(struct pfctl *, struct superblock *);
238 
239 
240 int (*skip_comparitors[PF_SKIP_COUNT])(struct pf_rule *, struct pf_rule *);
241 const char *skip_comparitors_names[PF_SKIP_COUNT];
242 #define PF_SKIP_COMPARITORS {				\
243     { "ifp", PF_SKIP_IFP, skip_cmp_ifp },		\
244     { "dir", PF_SKIP_DIR, skip_cmp_dir },		\
245     { "af", PF_SKIP_AF, skip_cmp_af },			\
246     { "proto", PF_SKIP_PROTO, skip_cmp_proto },		\
247     { "saddr", PF_SKIP_SRC_ADDR, skip_cmp_src_addr },	\
248     { "sport", PF_SKIP_SRC_PORT, skip_cmp_src_port },	\
249     { "daddr", PF_SKIP_DST_ADDR, skip_cmp_dst_addr },	\
250     { "dport", PF_SKIP_DST_PORT, skip_cmp_dst_port }	\
251 }
252 
253 struct pfr_buffer table_buffer;
254 int table_identifier;
255 
256 
257 int
258 pfctl_optimize_ruleset(struct pfctl *pf, struct pf_ruleset *rs)
259 {
260 	struct superblocks superblocks;
261 	struct pf_opt_queue opt_queue;
262 	struct superblock *block;
263 	struct pf_opt_rule *por;
264 	struct pf_rule *r;
265 	struct pf_rulequeue *old_rules;
266 
267 	DEBUG("optimizing ruleset");
268 	memset(&table_buffer, 0, sizeof(table_buffer));
269 	skip_init();
270 	TAILQ_INIT(&opt_queue);
271 
272 	old_rules = rs->rules[PF_RULESET_FILTER].active.ptr;
273 	rs->rules[PF_RULESET_FILTER].active.ptr =
274 	    rs->rules[PF_RULESET_FILTER].inactive.ptr;
275 	rs->rules[PF_RULESET_FILTER].inactive.ptr = old_rules;
276 
277 	/*
278 	 * XXX expanding the pf_opt_rule format throughout pfctl might allow
279 	 * us to avoid all this copying.
280 	 */
281 	while ((r = TAILQ_FIRST(rs->rules[PF_RULESET_FILTER].inactive.ptr))
282 	    != NULL) {
283 		TAILQ_REMOVE(rs->rules[PF_RULESET_FILTER].inactive.ptr, r,
284 		    entries);
285 		if ((por = calloc(1, sizeof(*por))) == NULL)
286 			err(1, "calloc");
287 		memcpy(&por->por_rule, r, sizeof(*r));
288 		if (TAILQ_FIRST(&r->rpool.list) != NULL) {
289 			TAILQ_INIT(&por->por_rule.rpool.list);
290 			pfctl_move_pool(&r->rpool, &por->por_rule.rpool);
291 		} else
292 			bzero(&por->por_rule.rpool,
293 			    sizeof(por->por_rule.rpool));
294 
295 
296 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&opt_queue, por, por_entry);
297 	}
298 
299 	TAILQ_INIT(&superblocks);
300 	if (construct_superblocks(pf, &opt_queue, &superblocks))
301 		goto error;
302 
303 	if (pf->optimize & PF_OPTIMIZE_PROFILE) {
304 		if (load_feedback_profile(pf, &superblocks))
305 			goto error;
306 	}
307 
308 	TAILQ_FOREACH(block, &superblocks, sb_entry) {
309 		if (optimize_superblock(pf, block))
310 			goto error;
311 	}
312 
313 	rs->anchor->refcnt = 0;
314 	while ((block = TAILQ_FIRST(&superblocks))) {
315 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&superblocks, block, sb_entry);
316 
317 		while ((por = TAILQ_FIRST(&block->sb_rules))) {
318 			TAILQ_REMOVE(&block->sb_rules, por, por_entry);
319 			por->por_rule.nr = rs->anchor->refcnt++;
320 			if ((r = calloc(1, sizeof(*r))) == NULL)
321 				err(1, "calloc");
322 			memcpy(r, &por->por_rule, sizeof(*r));
323 			TAILQ_INIT(&r->rpool.list);
324 			pfctl_move_pool(&por->por_rule.rpool, &r->rpool);
325 			TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(
326 			    rs->rules[PF_RULESET_FILTER].active.ptr,
327 			    r, entries);
328 			free(por);
329 		}
330 		free(block);
331 	}
332 
333 	return (0);
334 
335 error:
336 	while ((por = TAILQ_FIRST(&opt_queue))) {
337 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&opt_queue, por, por_entry);
338 		if (por->por_src_tbl) {
339 			pfr_buf_clear(por->por_src_tbl->pt_buf);
340 			free(por->por_src_tbl->pt_buf);
341 			free(por->por_src_tbl);
342 		}
343 		if (por->por_dst_tbl) {
344 			pfr_buf_clear(por->por_dst_tbl->pt_buf);
345 			free(por->por_dst_tbl->pt_buf);
346 			free(por->por_dst_tbl);
347 		}
348 		free(por);
349 	}
350 	while ((block = TAILQ_FIRST(&superblocks))) {
351 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&superblocks, block, sb_entry);
352 		superblock_free(pf, block);
353 	}
354 	return (1);
355 }
356 
357 
358 /*
359  * Go ahead and optimize a superblock
360  */
361 int
362 optimize_superblock(struct pfctl *pf, struct superblock *block)
363 {
364 #ifdef OPT_DEBUG
365 	struct pf_opt_rule *por;
366 #endif /* OPT_DEBUG */
367 
368 	/* We have a few optimization passes:
369 	 *   1) remove duplicate rules or rules that are a subset of other
370 	 *      rules
371 	 *   2) combine otherwise identical rules with different IP addresses
372 	 *      into a single rule and put the addresses in a table.
373 	 *   3) re-order the rules to improve kernel skip steps
374 	 *   4) re-order the 'quick' rules based on feedback from the
375 	 *      active ruleset statistics
376 	 *
377 	 * XXX combine_rules() doesn't combine v4 and v6 rules.  would just
378 	 *     have to keep af in the table container, make af 'COMBINE' and
379 	 *     twiddle the af on the merged rule
380 	 * XXX maybe add a weighting to the metric on skipsteps when doing
381 	 *     reordering.  sometimes two sequential tables will be better
382 	 *     that four consecutive interfaces.
383 	 * XXX need to adjust the skipstep count of everything after PROTO,
384 	 *     since they aren't actually checked on a proto mismatch in
385 	 *     pf_test_{tcp, udp, icmp}()
386 	 * XXX should i treat proto=0, af=0 or dir=0 special in skepstep
387 	 *     calculation since they are a DC?
388 	 * XXX keep last skiplist of last superblock to influence this
389 	 *     superblock.  '5 inet6 log' should make '3 inet6' come before '4
390 	 *     inet' in the next superblock.
391 	 * XXX would be useful to add tables for ports
392 	 * XXX we can also re-order some mutually exclusive superblocks to
393 	 *     try merging superblocks before any of these optimization passes.
394 	 *     for instance a single 'log in' rule in the middle of non-logging
395 	 *     out rules.
396 	 */
397 
398 	/* shortcut.  there will be alot of 1-rule superblocks */
399 	if (!TAILQ_NEXT(TAILQ_FIRST(&block->sb_rules), por_entry))
400 		return (0);
401 
402 #ifdef OPT_DEBUG
403 	printf("--- Superblock ---\n");
404 	TAILQ_FOREACH(por, &block->sb_rules, por_entry) {
405 		printf("  ");
406 		print_rule(&por->por_rule, por->por_rule.anchor ?
407 		    por->por_rule.anchor->name : "", 1);
408 	}
409 #endif /* OPT_DEBUG */
410 
411 
412 	if (remove_identical_rules(pf, block))
413 		return (1);
414 	if (combine_rules(pf, block))
415 		return (1);
416 	if ((pf->optimize & PF_OPTIMIZE_PROFILE) &&
417 	    TAILQ_FIRST(&block->sb_rules)->por_rule.quick &&
418 	    block->sb_profiled_block) {
419 		if (block_feedback(pf, block))
420 			return (1);
421 	} else if (reorder_rules(pf, block, 0)) {
422 		return (1);
423 	}
424 
425 	/*
426 	 * Don't add any optimization passes below reorder_rules().  It will
427 	 * have divided superblocks into smaller blocks for further refinement
428 	 * and doesn't put them back together again.  What once was a true
429 	 * superblock might have been split into multiple superblocks.
430 	 */
431 
432 #ifdef OPT_DEBUG
433 	printf("--- END Superblock ---\n");
434 #endif /* OPT_DEBUG */
435 	return (0);
436 }
437 
438 
439 /*
440  * Optimization pass #1: remove identical rules
441  */
442 int
443 remove_identical_rules(struct pfctl *pf, struct superblock *block)
444 {
445 	struct pf_opt_rule *por1, *por2, *por_next, *por2_next;
446 	struct pf_rule a, a2, b, b2;
447 
448 	for (por1 = TAILQ_FIRST(&block->sb_rules); por1; por1 = por_next) {
449 		por_next = TAILQ_NEXT(por1, por_entry);
450 		for (por2 = por_next; por2; por2 = por2_next) {
451 			por2_next = TAILQ_NEXT(por2, por_entry);
452 			comparable_rule(&a, &por1->por_rule, DC);
453 			comparable_rule(&b, &por2->por_rule, DC);
454 			memcpy(&a2, &a, sizeof(a2));
455 			memcpy(&b2, &b, sizeof(b2));
456 
457 			exclude_supersets(&a, &b);
458 			exclude_supersets(&b2, &a2);
459 			if (memcmp(&a, &b, sizeof(a)) == 0) {
460 				DEBUG("removing identical rule  nr%d = *nr%d*",
461 				    por1->por_rule.nr, por2->por_rule.nr);
462 				TAILQ_REMOVE(&block->sb_rules, por2, por_entry);
463 				if (por_next == por2)
464 					por_next = TAILQ_NEXT(por1, por_entry);
465 				free(por2);
466 			} else if (memcmp(&a2, &b2, sizeof(a2)) == 0) {
467 				DEBUG("removing identical rule  *nr%d* = nr%d",
468 				    por1->por_rule.nr, por2->por_rule.nr);
469 				TAILQ_REMOVE(&block->sb_rules, por1, por_entry);
470 				free(por1);
471 				break;
472 			}
473 		}
474 	}
475 
476 	return (0);
477 }
478 
479 
480 /*
481  * Optimization pass #2: combine similar rules with different addresses
482  * into a single rule and a table
483  */
484 int
485 combine_rules(struct pfctl *pf, struct superblock *block)
486 {
487 	struct pf_opt_rule *p1, *p2, *por_next;
488 	int src_eq, dst_eq;
489 
490 	if ((pf->loadopt & PFCTL_FLAG_TABLE) == 0) {
491 		warnx("Must enable table loading for optimizations");
492 		return (1);
493 	}
494 
495 	/* First we make a pass to combine the rules.  O(n log n) */
496 	TAILQ_FOREACH(p1, &block->sb_rules, por_entry) {
497 		for (p2 = TAILQ_NEXT(p1, por_entry); p2; p2 = por_next) {
498 			por_next = TAILQ_NEXT(p2, por_entry);
499 
500 			src_eq = addrs_equal(&p1->por_rule.src,
501 			    &p2->por_rule.src);
502 			dst_eq = addrs_equal(&p1->por_rule.dst,
503 			    &p2->por_rule.dst);
504 
505 			if (src_eq && !dst_eq && p1->por_src_tbl == NULL &&
506 			    p2->por_dst_tbl == NULL &&
507 			    p2->por_src_tbl == NULL &&
508 			    rules_combineable(&p1->por_rule, &p2->por_rule) &&
509 			    addrs_combineable(&p1->por_rule.dst,
510 			    &p2->por_rule.dst)) {
511 				DEBUG("can combine rules  nr%d = nr%d",
512 				    p1->por_rule.nr, p2->por_rule.nr);
513 				if (p1->por_dst_tbl == NULL &&
514 				    add_opt_table(pf, &p1->por_dst_tbl,
515 				    p1->por_rule.af, &p1->por_rule.dst))
516 					return (1);
517 				if (add_opt_table(pf, &p1->por_dst_tbl,
518 				    p1->por_rule.af, &p2->por_rule.dst))
519 					return (1);
520 				p2->por_dst_tbl = p1->por_dst_tbl;
521 				if (p1->por_dst_tbl->pt_rulecount >=
522 				    TABLE_THRESHOLD) {
523 					TAILQ_REMOVE(&block->sb_rules, p2,
524 					    por_entry);
525 					free(p2);
526 				}
527 			} else if (!src_eq && dst_eq && p1->por_dst_tbl == NULL
528 			    && p2->por_src_tbl == NULL &&
529 			    p2->por_dst_tbl == NULL &&
530 			    rules_combineable(&p1->por_rule, &p2->por_rule) &&
531 			    addrs_combineable(&p1->por_rule.src,
532 			    &p2->por_rule.src)) {
533 				DEBUG("can combine rules  nr%d = nr%d",
534 				    p1->por_rule.nr, p2->por_rule.nr);
535 				if (p1->por_src_tbl == NULL &&
536 				    add_opt_table(pf, &p1->por_src_tbl,
537 				    p1->por_rule.af, &p1->por_rule.src))
538 					return (1);
539 				if (add_opt_table(pf, &p1->por_src_tbl,
540 				    p1->por_rule.af, &p2->por_rule.src))
541 					return (1);
542 				p2->por_src_tbl = p1->por_src_tbl;
543 				if (p1->por_src_tbl->pt_rulecount >=
544 				    TABLE_THRESHOLD) {
545 					TAILQ_REMOVE(&block->sb_rules, p2,
546 					    por_entry);
547 					free(p2);
548 				}
549 			}
550 		}
551 	}
552 
553 
554 	/*
555 	 * Then we make a final pass to create a valid table name and
556 	 * insert the name into the rules.
557 	 */
558 	for (p1 = TAILQ_FIRST(&block->sb_rules); p1; p1 = por_next) {
559 		por_next = TAILQ_NEXT(p1, por_entry);
560 		assert(p1->por_src_tbl == NULL || p1->por_dst_tbl == NULL);
561 
562 		if (p1->por_src_tbl && p1->por_src_tbl->pt_rulecount >=
563 		    TABLE_THRESHOLD) {
564 			if (p1->por_src_tbl->pt_generated) {
565 				/* This rule is included in a table */
566 				TAILQ_REMOVE(&block->sb_rules, p1, por_entry);
567 				free(p1);
568 				continue;
569 			}
570 			p1->por_src_tbl->pt_generated = 1;
571 
572 			if ((pf->opts & PF_OPT_NOACTION) == 0 &&
573 			    pf_opt_create_table(pf, p1->por_src_tbl))
574 				return (1);
575 
576 			pf->tdirty = 1;
577 
578 			if (pf->opts & PF_OPT_VERBOSE)
579 				print_tabledef(p1->por_src_tbl->pt_name,
580 				    PFR_TFLAG_CONST, 1,
581 				    &p1->por_src_tbl->pt_nodes);
582 
583 			memset(&p1->por_rule.src.addr, 0,
584 			    sizeof(p1->por_rule.src.addr));
585 			p1->por_rule.src.addr.type = PF_ADDR_TABLE;
586 			strlcpy(p1->por_rule.src.addr.v.tblname,
587 			    p1->por_src_tbl->pt_name,
588 			    sizeof(p1->por_rule.src.addr.v.tblname));
589 
590 			pfr_buf_clear(p1->por_src_tbl->pt_buf);
591 			free(p1->por_src_tbl->pt_buf);
592 			p1->por_src_tbl->pt_buf = NULL;
593 		}
594 		if (p1->por_dst_tbl && p1->por_dst_tbl->pt_rulecount >=
595 		    TABLE_THRESHOLD) {
596 			if (p1->por_dst_tbl->pt_generated) {
597 				/* This rule is included in a table */
598 				TAILQ_REMOVE(&block->sb_rules, p1, por_entry);
599 				free(p1);
600 				continue;
601 			}
602 			p1->por_dst_tbl->pt_generated = 1;
603 
604 			if ((pf->opts & PF_OPT_NOACTION) == 0 &&
605 			    pf_opt_create_table(pf, p1->por_dst_tbl))
606 				return (1);
607 			pf->tdirty = 1;
608 
609 			if (pf->opts & PF_OPT_VERBOSE)
610 				print_tabledef(p1->por_dst_tbl->pt_name,
611 				    PFR_TFLAG_CONST, 1,
612 				    &p1->por_dst_tbl->pt_nodes);
613 
614 			memset(&p1->por_rule.dst.addr, 0,
615 			    sizeof(p1->por_rule.dst.addr));
616 			p1->por_rule.dst.addr.type = PF_ADDR_TABLE;
617 			strlcpy(p1->por_rule.dst.addr.v.tblname,
618 			    p1->por_dst_tbl->pt_name,
619 			    sizeof(p1->por_rule.dst.addr.v.tblname));
620 
621 			pfr_buf_clear(p1->por_dst_tbl->pt_buf);
622 			free(p1->por_dst_tbl->pt_buf);
623 			p1->por_dst_tbl->pt_buf = NULL;
624 		}
625 	}
626 
627 	return (0);
628 }
629 
630 
631 /*
632  * Optimization pass #3: re-order rules to improve skip steps
633  */
634 int
635 reorder_rules(struct pfctl *pf, struct superblock *block, int depth)
636 {
637 	struct superblock *newblock;
638 	struct pf_skip_step *skiplist;
639 	struct pf_opt_rule *por;
640 	int i, largest, largest_list, rule_count = 0;
641 	TAILQ_HEAD( , pf_opt_rule) head;
642 
643 	/*
644 	 * Calculate the best-case skip steps.  We put each rule in a list
645 	 * of other rules with common fields
646 	 */
647 	for (i = 0; i < PF_SKIP_COUNT; i++) {
648 		TAILQ_FOREACH(por, &block->sb_rules, por_entry) {
649 			TAILQ_FOREACH(skiplist, &block->sb_skipsteps[i],
650 			    ps_entry) {
651 				if (skip_compare(i, skiplist, por) == 0)
652 					break;
653 			}
654 			if (skiplist == NULL) {
655 				if ((skiplist = calloc(1, sizeof(*skiplist))) ==
656 				    NULL)
657 					err(1, "calloc");
658 				TAILQ_INIT(&skiplist->ps_rules);
659 				TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&block->sb_skipsteps[i],
660 				    skiplist, ps_entry);
661 			}
662 			skip_append(block, i, skiplist, por);
663 		}
664 	}
665 
666 	TAILQ_FOREACH(por, &block->sb_rules, por_entry)
667 		rule_count++;
668 
669 	/*
670 	 * Now we're going to ignore any fields that are identical between
671 	 * all of the rules in the superblock and those fields which differ
672 	 * between every rule in the superblock.
673 	 */
674 	largest = 0;
675 	for (i = 0; i < PF_SKIP_COUNT; i++) {
676 		skiplist = TAILQ_FIRST(&block->sb_skipsteps[i]);
677 		if (skiplist->ps_count == rule_count) {
678 			DEBUG("(%d) original skipstep '%s' is all rules",
679 			    depth, skip_comparitors_names[i]);
680 			skiplist->ps_count = 0;
681 		} else if (skiplist->ps_count == 1) {
682 			skiplist->ps_count = 0;
683 		} else {
684 			DEBUG("(%d) original skipstep '%s' largest jump is %d",
685 			    depth, skip_comparitors_names[i],
686 			    skiplist->ps_count);
687 			if (skiplist->ps_count > largest)
688 				largest = skiplist->ps_count;
689 		}
690 	}
691 	if (largest == 0) {
692 		/* Ugh.  There is NO commonality in the superblock on which
693 		 * optimize the skipsteps optimization.
694 		 */
695 		goto done;
696 	}
697 
698 	/*
699 	 * Now we're going to empty the superblock rule list and re-create
700 	 * it based on a more optimal skipstep order.
701 	 */
702 	TAILQ_INIT(&head);
703 	while ((por = TAILQ_FIRST(&block->sb_rules))) {
704 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&block->sb_rules, por, por_entry);
705 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&head, por, por_entry);
706 	}
707 
708 
709 	while (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&head)) {
710 		largest = 1;
711 
712 		/*
713 		 * Find the most useful skip steps remaining
714 		 */
715 		for (i = 0; i < PF_SKIP_COUNT; i++) {
716 			skiplist = TAILQ_FIRST(&block->sb_skipsteps[i]);
717 			if (skiplist->ps_count > largest) {
718 				largest = skiplist->ps_count;
719 				largest_list = i;
720 			}
721 		}
722 
723 		if (largest <= 1) {
724 			/*
725 			 * Nothing useful left.  Leave remaining rules in order.
726 			 */
727 			DEBUG("(%d) no more commonality for skip steps", depth);
728 			while ((por = TAILQ_FIRST(&head))) {
729 				TAILQ_REMOVE(&head, por, por_entry);
730 				TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&block->sb_rules, por,
731 				    por_entry);
732 			}
733 		} else {
734 			/*
735 			 * There is commonality.  Extract those common rules
736 			 * and place them in the ruleset adjacent to each
737 			 * other.
738 			 */
739 			skiplist = TAILQ_FIRST(&block->sb_skipsteps[
740 			    largest_list]);
741 			DEBUG("(%d) skipstep '%s' largest jump is %d @ #%d",
742 			    depth, skip_comparitors_names[largest_list],
743 			    largest, TAILQ_FIRST(&TAILQ_FIRST(&block->
744 			    sb_skipsteps [largest_list])->ps_rules)->
745 			    por_rule.nr);
746 			TAILQ_REMOVE(&block->sb_skipsteps[largest_list],
747 			    skiplist, ps_entry);
748 
749 
750 			/*
751 			 * There may be further commonality inside these
752 			 * rules.  So we'll split them off into they're own
753 			 * superblock and pass it back into the optimizer.
754 			 */
755 			if (skiplist->ps_count > 2) {
756 				if ((newblock = calloc(1, sizeof(*newblock)))
757 				    == NULL) {
758 					warn("calloc");
759 					return (1);
760 				}
761 				TAILQ_INIT(&newblock->sb_rules);
762 				for (i = 0; i < PF_SKIP_COUNT; i++)
763 					TAILQ_INIT(&newblock->sb_skipsteps[i]);
764 				TAILQ_INSERT_BEFORE(block, newblock, sb_entry);
765 				DEBUG("(%d) splitting off %d rules from superblock @ #%d",
766 				    depth, skiplist->ps_count,
767 				    TAILQ_FIRST(&skiplist->ps_rules)->
768 				    por_rule.nr);
769 			} else {
770 				newblock = block;
771 			}
772 
773 			while ((por = TAILQ_FIRST(&skiplist->ps_rules))) {
774 				TAILQ_REMOVE(&head, por, por_entry);
775 				TAILQ_REMOVE(&skiplist->ps_rules, por,
776 				    por_skip_entry[largest_list]);
777 				TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&newblock->sb_rules, por,
778 				    por_entry);
779 
780 				/* Remove this rule from all other skiplists */
781 				remove_from_skipsteps(&block->sb_skipsteps[
782 				    largest_list], block, por, skiplist);
783 			}
784 			free(skiplist);
785 			if (newblock != block)
786 				if (reorder_rules(pf, newblock, depth + 1))
787 					return (1);
788 		}
789 	}
790 
791 done:
792 	for (i = 0; i < PF_SKIP_COUNT; i++) {
793 		while ((skiplist = TAILQ_FIRST(&block->sb_skipsteps[i]))) {
794 			TAILQ_REMOVE(&block->sb_skipsteps[i], skiplist,
795 			    ps_entry);
796 			free(skiplist);
797 		}
798 	}
799 
800 	return (0);
801 }
802 
803 
804 /*
805  * Optimization pass #4: re-order 'quick' rules based on feedback from the
806  * currently running ruleset
807  */
808 int
809 block_feedback(struct pfctl *pf, struct superblock *block)
810 {
811 	TAILQ_HEAD( , pf_opt_rule) queue;
812 	struct pf_opt_rule *por1, *por2;
813 	u_int64_t total_count = 0;
814 	struct pf_rule a, b;
815 
816 
817 	/*
818 	 * Walk through all of the profiled superblock's rules and copy
819 	 * the counters onto our rules.
820 	 */
821 	TAILQ_FOREACH(por1, &block->sb_profiled_block->sb_rules, por_entry) {
822 		comparable_rule(&a, &por1->por_rule, DC);
823 		total_count += por1->por_rule.packets[0] +
824 		    por1->por_rule.packets[1];
825 		TAILQ_FOREACH(por2, &block->sb_rules, por_entry) {
826 			if (por2->por_profile_count)
827 				continue;
828 			comparable_rule(&b, &por2->por_rule, DC);
829 			if (memcmp(&a, &b, sizeof(a)) == 0) {
830 				por2->por_profile_count =
831 				    por1->por_rule.packets[0] +
832 				    por1->por_rule.packets[1];
833 				break;
834 			}
835 		}
836 	}
837 	superblock_free(pf, block->sb_profiled_block);
838 	block->sb_profiled_block = NULL;
839 
840 	/*
841 	 * Now we pull all of the rules off the superblock and re-insert them
842 	 * in sorted order.
843 	 */
844 
845 	TAILQ_INIT(&queue);
846 	while ((por1 = TAILQ_FIRST(&block->sb_rules)) != NULL) {
847 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&block->sb_rules, por1, por_entry);
848 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&queue, por1, por_entry);
849 	}
850 
851 	while ((por1 = TAILQ_FIRST(&queue)) != NULL) {
852 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&queue, por1, por_entry);
853 /* XXX I should sort all of the unused rules based on skip steps */
854 		TAILQ_FOREACH(por2, &block->sb_rules, por_entry) {
855 			if (por1->por_profile_count > por2->por_profile_count) {
856 				TAILQ_INSERT_BEFORE(por2, por1, por_entry);
857 				break;
858 			}
859 		}
860 		if (por2 == NULL)
861 			TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&block->sb_rules, por1, por_entry);
862 	}
863 
864 	return (0);
865 }
866 
867 
868 /*
869  * Load the current ruleset from the kernel and try to associate them with
870  * the ruleset we're optimizing.
871  */
872 int
873 load_feedback_profile(struct pfctl *pf, struct superblocks *superblocks)
874 {
875 	struct superblock *block, *blockcur;
876 	struct superblocks prof_superblocks;
877 	struct pf_opt_rule *por;
878 	struct pf_opt_queue queue;
879 	struct pfioc_rule pr;
880 	struct pf_rule a, b;
881 	int nr, mnr;
882 
883 	TAILQ_INIT(&queue);
884 	TAILQ_INIT(&prof_superblocks);
885 
886 	memset(&pr, 0, sizeof(pr));
887 	pr.rule.action = PF_PASS;
888 	if (ioctl(pf->dev, DIOCGETRULES, &pr)) {
889 		warn("DIOCGETRULES");
890 		return (1);
891 	}
892 	mnr = pr.nr;
893 
894 	DEBUG("Loading %d active rules for a feedback profile", mnr);
895 	for (nr = 0; nr < mnr; ++nr) {
896 		struct pf_ruleset *rs;
897 		if ((por = calloc(1, sizeof(*por))) == NULL) {
898 			warn("calloc");
899 			return (1);
900 		}
901 		pr.nr = nr;
902 		if (ioctl(pf->dev, DIOCGETRULE, &pr)) {
903 			warn("DIOCGETRULES");
904 			return (1);
905 		}
906 		memcpy(&por->por_rule, &pr.rule, sizeof(por->por_rule));
907 		rs = pf_find_or_create_ruleset(pr.anchor_call);
908 		por->por_rule.anchor = rs->anchor;
909 		if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&por->por_rule.rpool.list))
910 			memset(&por->por_rule.rpool, 0,
911 			    sizeof(por->por_rule.rpool));
912 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&queue, por, por_entry);
913 
914 		/* XXX pfctl_get_pool(pf->dev, &pr.rule.rpool, nr, pr.ticket,
915 		 *         PF_PASS, pf->anchor) ???
916 		 * ... pfctl_clear_pool(&pr.rule.rpool)
917 		 */
918 	}
919 
920 	if (construct_superblocks(pf, &queue, &prof_superblocks))
921 		return (1);
922 
923 
924 	/*
925 	 * Now we try to associate the active ruleset's superblocks with
926 	 * the superblocks we're compiling.
927 	 */
928 	block = TAILQ_FIRST(superblocks);
929 	blockcur = TAILQ_FIRST(&prof_superblocks);
930 	while (block && blockcur) {
931 		comparable_rule(&a, &TAILQ_FIRST(&block->sb_rules)->por_rule,
932 		    BREAK);
933 		comparable_rule(&b, &TAILQ_FIRST(&blockcur->sb_rules)->por_rule,
934 		    BREAK);
935 		if (memcmp(&a, &b, sizeof(a)) == 0) {
936 			/* The two superblocks lined up */
937 			block->sb_profiled_block = blockcur;
938 		} else {
939 			DEBUG("superblocks don't line up between #%d and #%d",
940 			    TAILQ_FIRST(&block->sb_rules)->por_rule.nr,
941 			    TAILQ_FIRST(&blockcur->sb_rules)->por_rule.nr);
942 			break;
943 		}
944 		block = TAILQ_NEXT(block, sb_entry);
945 		blockcur = TAILQ_NEXT(blockcur, sb_entry);
946 	}
947 
948 
949 
950 	/* Free any superblocks we couldn't link */
951 	while (blockcur) {
952 		block = TAILQ_NEXT(blockcur, sb_entry);
953 		superblock_free(pf, blockcur);
954 		blockcur = block;
955 	}
956 	return (0);
957 }
958 
959 
960 /*
961  * Compare a rule to a skiplist to see if the rule is a member
962  */
963 int
964 skip_compare(int skipnum, struct pf_skip_step *skiplist,
965     struct pf_opt_rule *por)
966 {
967 	struct pf_rule *a, *b;
968 	if (skipnum >= PF_SKIP_COUNT || skipnum < 0)
969 		errx(1, "skip_compare() out of bounds");
970 	a = &por->por_rule;
971 	b = &TAILQ_FIRST(&skiplist->ps_rules)->por_rule;
972 
973 	return ((skip_comparitors[skipnum])(a, b));
974 }
975 
976 
977 /*
978  * Add a rule to a skiplist
979  */
980 void
981 skip_append(struct superblock *superblock, int skipnum,
982     struct pf_skip_step *skiplist, struct pf_opt_rule *por)
983 {
984 	struct pf_skip_step *prev;
985 
986 	skiplist->ps_count++;
987 	TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&skiplist->ps_rules, por, por_skip_entry[skipnum]);
988 
989 	/* Keep the list of skiplists sorted by whichever is larger */
990 	while ((prev = TAILQ_PREV(skiplist, skiplist, ps_entry)) &&
991 	    prev->ps_count < skiplist->ps_count) {
992 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&superblock->sb_skipsteps[skipnum],
993 		    skiplist, ps_entry);
994 		TAILQ_INSERT_BEFORE(prev, skiplist, ps_entry);
995 	}
996 }
997 
998 
999 /*
1000  * Remove a rule from the other skiplist calculations.
1001  */
1002 void
1003 remove_from_skipsteps(struct skiplist *head, struct superblock *block,
1004     struct pf_opt_rule *por, struct pf_skip_step *active_list)
1005 {
1006 	struct pf_skip_step *sk, *next;
1007 	struct pf_opt_rule *p2;
1008 	int i, found;
1009 
1010 	for (i = 0; i < PF_SKIP_COUNT; i++) {
1011 		sk = TAILQ_FIRST(&block->sb_skipsteps[i]);
1012 		if (sk == NULL || sk == active_list || sk->ps_count <= 1)
1013 			continue;
1014 		found = 0;
1015 		do {
1016 			TAILQ_FOREACH(p2, &sk->ps_rules, por_skip_entry[i])
1017 				if (p2 == por) {
1018 					TAILQ_REMOVE(&sk->ps_rules, p2,
1019 					    por_skip_entry[i]);
1020 					found = 1;
1021 					sk->ps_count--;
1022 					break;
1023 				}
1024 		} while (!found && (sk = TAILQ_NEXT(sk, ps_entry)));
1025 		if (found && sk) {
1026 			/* Does this change the sorting order? */
1027 			while ((next = TAILQ_NEXT(sk, ps_entry)) &&
1028 			    next->ps_count > sk->ps_count) {
1029 				TAILQ_REMOVE(head, sk, ps_entry);
1030 				TAILQ_INSERT_AFTER(head, next, sk, ps_entry);
1031 			}
1032 #ifdef OPT_DEBUG
1033 			next = TAILQ_NEXT(sk, ps_entry);
1034 			assert(next == NULL || next->ps_count <= sk->ps_count);
1035 #endif /* OPT_DEBUG */
1036 		}
1037 	}
1038 }
1039 
1040 
1041 /* Compare two rules AF field for skiplist construction */
1042 int
1043 skip_cmp_af(struct pf_rule *a, struct pf_rule *b)
1044 {
1045 	if (a->af != b->af || a->af == 0)
1046 		return (1);
1047 	return (0);
1048 }
1049 
1050 /* Compare two rules DIRECTION field for skiplist construction */
1051 int
1052 skip_cmp_dir(struct pf_rule *a, struct pf_rule *b)
1053 {
1054 	if (a->direction == 0 || a->direction != b->direction)
1055 		return (1);
1056 	return (0);
1057 }
1058 
1059 /* Compare two rules DST Address field for skiplist construction */
1060 int
1061 skip_cmp_dst_addr(struct pf_rule *a, struct pf_rule *b)
1062 {
1063 	if (a->dst.neg != b->dst.neg ||
1064 	    a->dst.addr.type != b->dst.addr.type)
1065 		return (1);
1066 	/* XXX if (a->proto != b->proto && a->proto != 0 && b->proto != 0
1067 	 *    && (a->proto == IPPROTO_TCP || a->proto == IPPROTO_UDP ||
1068 	 *    a->proto == IPPROTO_ICMP
1069 	 *	return (1);
1070 	 */
1071 	switch (a->dst.addr.type) {
1072 	case PF_ADDR_ADDRMASK:
1073 		if (memcmp(&a->dst.addr.v.a.addr, &b->dst.addr.v.a.addr,
1074 		    sizeof(a->dst.addr.v.a.addr)) ||
1075 		    memcmp(&a->dst.addr.v.a.mask, &b->dst.addr.v.a.mask,
1076 		    sizeof(a->dst.addr.v.a.mask)) ||
1077 		    (a->dst.addr.v.a.addr.addr32[0] == 0 &&
1078 		    a->dst.addr.v.a.addr.addr32[1] == 0 &&
1079 		    a->dst.addr.v.a.addr.addr32[2] == 0 &&
1080 		    a->dst.addr.v.a.addr.addr32[3] == 0))
1081 			return (1);
1082 		return (0);
1083 	case PF_ADDR_DYNIFTL:
1084 		if (strcmp(a->dst.addr.v.ifname, b->dst.addr.v.ifname) != 0 ||
1085 		    a->dst.addr.iflags != a->dst.addr.iflags ||
1086 		    memcmp(&a->dst.addr.v.a.mask, &b->dst.addr.v.a.mask,
1087 		    sizeof(a->dst.addr.v.a.mask)))
1088 			return (1);
1089 		return (0);
1090 	case PF_ADDR_NOROUTE:
1091 	case PF_ADDR_URPFFAILED:
1092 		return (0);
1093 	case PF_ADDR_TABLE:
1094 		return (strcmp(a->dst.addr.v.tblname, b->dst.addr.v.tblname));
1095 	}
1096 	return (1);
1097 }
1098 
1099 /* Compare two rules DST port field for skiplist construction */
1100 int
1101 skip_cmp_dst_port(struct pf_rule *a, struct pf_rule *b)
1102 {
1103 	/* XXX if (a->proto != b->proto && a->proto != 0 && b->proto != 0
1104 	 *    && (a->proto == IPPROTO_TCP || a->proto == IPPROTO_UDP ||
1105 	 *    a->proto == IPPROTO_ICMP
1106 	 *	return (1);
1107 	 */
1108 	if (a->dst.port_op == PF_OP_NONE || a->dst.port_op != b->dst.port_op ||
1109 	    a->dst.port[0] != b->dst.port[0] ||
1110 	    a->dst.port[1] != b->dst.port[1])
1111 		return (1);
1112 	return (0);
1113 }
1114 
1115 /* Compare two rules IFP field for skiplist construction */
1116 int
1117 skip_cmp_ifp(struct pf_rule *a, struct pf_rule *b)
1118 {
1119 	if (strcmp(a->ifname, b->ifname) || a->ifname[0] == '\0')
1120 		return (1);
1121 	return (a->ifnot != b->ifnot);
1122 }
1123 
1124 /* Compare two rules PROTO field for skiplist construction */
1125 int
1126 skip_cmp_proto(struct pf_rule *a, struct pf_rule *b)
1127 {
1128 	return (a->proto != b->proto || a->proto == 0);
1129 }
1130 
1131 /* Compare two rules SRC addr field for skiplist construction */
1132 int
1133 skip_cmp_src_addr(struct pf_rule *a, struct pf_rule *b)
1134 {
1135 	if (a->src.neg != b->src.neg ||
1136 	    a->src.addr.type != b->src.addr.type)
1137 		return (1);
1138 	/* XXX if (a->proto != b->proto && a->proto != 0 && b->proto != 0
1139 	 *    && (a->proto == IPPROTO_TCP || a->proto == IPPROTO_UDP ||
1140 	 *    a->proto == IPPROTO_ICMP
1141 	 *	return (1);
1142 	 */
1143 	switch (a->src.addr.type) {
1144 	case PF_ADDR_ADDRMASK:
1145 		if (memcmp(&a->src.addr.v.a.addr, &b->src.addr.v.a.addr,
1146 		    sizeof(a->src.addr.v.a.addr)) ||
1147 		    memcmp(&a->src.addr.v.a.mask, &b->src.addr.v.a.mask,
1148 		    sizeof(a->src.addr.v.a.mask)) ||
1149 		    (a->src.addr.v.a.addr.addr32[0] == 0 &&
1150 		    a->src.addr.v.a.addr.addr32[1] == 0 &&
1151 		    a->src.addr.v.a.addr.addr32[2] == 0 &&
1152 		    a->src.addr.v.a.addr.addr32[3] == 0))
1153 			return (1);
1154 		return (0);
1155 	case PF_ADDR_DYNIFTL:
1156 		if (strcmp(a->src.addr.v.ifname, b->src.addr.v.ifname) != 0 ||
1157 		    a->src.addr.iflags != a->src.addr.iflags ||
1158 		    memcmp(&a->src.addr.v.a.mask, &b->src.addr.v.a.mask,
1159 		    sizeof(a->src.addr.v.a.mask)))
1160 			return (1);
1161 		return (0);
1162 	case PF_ADDR_NOROUTE:
1163 	case PF_ADDR_URPFFAILED:
1164 		return (0);
1165 	case PF_ADDR_TABLE:
1166 		return (strcmp(a->src.addr.v.tblname, b->src.addr.v.tblname));
1167 	}
1168 	return (1);
1169 }
1170 
1171 /* Compare two rules SRC port field for skiplist construction */
1172 int
1173 skip_cmp_src_port(struct pf_rule *a, struct pf_rule *b)
1174 {
1175 	if (a->src.port_op == PF_OP_NONE || a->src.port_op != b->src.port_op ||
1176 	    a->src.port[0] != b->src.port[0] ||
1177 	    a->src.port[1] != b->src.port[1])
1178 		return (1);
1179 	/* XXX if (a->proto != b->proto && a->proto != 0 && b->proto != 0
1180 	 *    && (a->proto == IPPROTO_TCP || a->proto == IPPROTO_UDP ||
1181 	 *    a->proto == IPPROTO_ICMP
1182 	 *	return (1);
1183 	 */
1184 	return (0);
1185 }
1186 
1187 
1188 void
1189 skip_init(void)
1190 {
1191 	struct {
1192 		char *name;
1193 		int skipnum;
1194 		int (*func)(struct pf_rule *, struct pf_rule *);
1195 	} comps[] = PF_SKIP_COMPARITORS;
1196 	int skipnum, i;
1197 
1198 	for (skipnum = 0; skipnum < PF_SKIP_COUNT; skipnum++) {
1199 		for (i = 0; i < sizeof(comps)/sizeof(*comps); i++)
1200 			if (comps[i].skipnum == skipnum) {
1201 				skip_comparitors[skipnum] = comps[i].func;
1202 				skip_comparitors_names[skipnum] = comps[i].name;
1203 			}
1204 	}
1205 	for (skipnum = 0; skipnum < PF_SKIP_COUNT; skipnum++)
1206 		if (skip_comparitors[skipnum] == NULL)
1207 			errx(1, "Need to add skip step comparitor to pfctl?!");
1208 }
1209 
1210 /*
1211  * Add a host/netmask to a table
1212  */
1213 int
1214 add_opt_table(struct pfctl *pf, struct pf_opt_tbl **tbl, sa_family_t af,
1215     struct pf_rule_addr *addr)
1216 {
1217 #ifdef OPT_DEBUG
1218 	char buf[128];
1219 #endif /* OPT_DEBUG */
1220 	static int tablenum = 0;
1221 	struct node_host node_host;
1222 
1223 	if (*tbl == NULL) {
1224 		if ((*tbl = calloc(1, sizeof(**tbl))) == NULL ||
1225 		    ((*tbl)->pt_buf = calloc(1, sizeof(*(*tbl)->pt_buf))) ==
1226 		    NULL)
1227 			err(1, "calloc");
1228 		(*tbl)->pt_buf->pfrb_type = PFRB_ADDRS;
1229 		SIMPLEQ_INIT(&(*tbl)->pt_nodes);
1230 
1231 		/* This is just a temporary table name */
1232 		snprintf((*tbl)->pt_name, sizeof((*tbl)->pt_name), "%s%d",
1233 		    PF_OPT_TABLE_PREFIX, tablenum++);
1234 		DEBUG("creating table <%s>", (*tbl)->pt_name);
1235 	}
1236 
1237 	memset(&node_host, 0, sizeof(node_host));
1238 	node_host.af = af;
1239 	node_host.addr = addr->addr;
1240 
1241 #ifdef OPT_DEBUG
1242 	DEBUG("<%s> adding %s/%d", (*tbl)->pt_name, inet_ntop(af,
1243 	    &node_host.addr.v.a.addr, buf, sizeof(buf)),
1244 	    unmask(&node_host.addr.v.a.mask, af));
1245 #endif /* OPT_DEBUG */
1246 
1247 	if (append_addr_host((*tbl)->pt_buf, &node_host, 0, 0)) {
1248 		warn("failed to add host");
1249 		return (1);
1250 	}
1251 	if (pf->opts & PF_OPT_VERBOSE) {
1252 		struct node_tinit *ti;
1253 
1254 		if ((ti = calloc(1, sizeof(*ti))) == NULL)
1255 			err(1, "malloc");
1256 		if ((ti->host = malloc(sizeof(*ti->host))) == NULL)
1257 			err(1, "malloc");
1258 		memcpy(ti->host, &node_host, sizeof(*ti->host));
1259 		SIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&(*tbl)->pt_nodes, ti, entries);
1260 	}
1261 
1262 	(*tbl)->pt_rulecount++;
1263 	if ((*tbl)->pt_rulecount == TABLE_THRESHOLD)
1264 		DEBUG("table <%s> now faster than skip steps", (*tbl)->pt_name);
1265 
1266 	return (0);
1267 }
1268 
1269 
1270 /*
1271  * Do the dirty work of choosing an unused table name and creating it.
1272  * (be careful with the table name, it might already be used in another anchor)
1273  */
1274 int
1275 pf_opt_create_table(struct pfctl *pf, struct pf_opt_tbl *tbl)
1276 {
1277 	static int tablenum;
1278 	const struct pfr_table *t;
1279 
1280 	if (table_buffer.pfrb_type == 0) {
1281 		/* Initialize the list of tables */
1282 		table_buffer.pfrb_type = PFRB_TABLES;
1283 		for (;;) {
1284 			pfr_buf_grow(&table_buffer, table_buffer.pfrb_size);
1285 			table_buffer.pfrb_size = table_buffer.pfrb_msize;
1286 			if (pfr_get_tables(NULL, table_buffer.pfrb_caddr,
1287 			    &table_buffer.pfrb_size, PFR_FLAG_ALLRSETS))
1288 				err(1, "pfr_get_tables");
1289 			if (table_buffer.pfrb_size <= table_buffer.pfrb_msize)
1290 				break;
1291 		}
1292 		table_identifier = arc4random();
1293 	}
1294 
1295 	/* XXX would be *really* nice to avoid duplicating identical tables */
1296 
1297 	/* Now we have to pick a table name that isn't used */
1298 again:
1299 	DEBUG("translating temporary table <%s> to <%s%x_%d>", tbl->pt_name,
1300 	    PF_OPT_TABLE_PREFIX, table_identifier, tablenum);
1301 	snprintf(tbl->pt_name, sizeof(tbl->pt_name), "%s%x_%d",
1302 	    PF_OPT_TABLE_PREFIX, table_identifier, tablenum);
1303 	PFRB_FOREACH(t, &table_buffer) {
1304 		if (strcasecmp(t->pfrt_name, tbl->pt_name) == 0) {
1305 			/* Collision.  Try again */
1306 			DEBUG("wow, table <%s> in use.  trying again",
1307 			    tbl->pt_name);
1308 			table_identifier = arc4random();
1309 			goto again;
1310 		}
1311 	}
1312 	tablenum++;
1313 
1314 
1315 	if (pfctl_define_table(tbl->pt_name, PFR_TFLAG_CONST, 1,
1316 	    pf->anchor->name, tbl->pt_buf, pf->anchor->ruleset.tticket)) {
1317 		warn("failed to create table %s", tbl->pt_name);
1318 		return (1);
1319 	}
1320 	return (0);
1321 }
1322 
1323 /*
1324  * Partition the flat ruleset into a list of distinct superblocks
1325  */
1326 int
1327 construct_superblocks(struct pfctl *pf, struct pf_opt_queue *opt_queue,
1328     struct superblocks *superblocks)
1329 {
1330 	struct superblock *block = NULL;
1331 	struct pf_opt_rule *por;
1332 	int i;
1333 
1334 	while (!TAILQ_EMPTY(opt_queue)) {
1335 		por = TAILQ_FIRST(opt_queue);
1336 		TAILQ_REMOVE(opt_queue, por, por_entry);
1337 		if (block == NULL || !superblock_inclusive(block, por)) {
1338 			if ((block = calloc(1, sizeof(*block))) == NULL) {
1339 				warn("calloc");
1340 				return (1);
1341 			}
1342 			TAILQ_INIT(&block->sb_rules);
1343 			for (i = 0; i < PF_SKIP_COUNT; i++)
1344 				TAILQ_INIT(&block->sb_skipsteps[i]);
1345 			TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(superblocks, block, sb_entry);
1346 		}
1347 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&block->sb_rules, por, por_entry);
1348 	}
1349 
1350 	return (0);
1351 }
1352 
1353 
1354 /*
1355  * Compare two rule addresses
1356  */
1357 int
1358 addrs_equal(struct pf_rule_addr *a, struct pf_rule_addr *b)
1359 {
1360 	if (a->neg != b->neg)
1361 		return (0);
1362 	return (memcmp(&a->addr, &b->addr, sizeof(a->addr)) == 0);
1363 }
1364 
1365 
1366 /*
1367  * The addresses are not equal, but can we combine them into one table?
1368  */
1369 int
1370 addrs_combineable(struct pf_rule_addr *a, struct pf_rule_addr *b)
1371 {
1372 	if (a->addr.type != PF_ADDR_ADDRMASK ||
1373 	    b->addr.type != PF_ADDR_ADDRMASK)
1374 		return (0);
1375 	if (a->neg != b->neg || a->port_op != b->port_op ||
1376 	    a->port[0] != b->port[0] || a->port[1] != b->port[1])
1377 		return (0);
1378 	return (1);
1379 }
1380 
1381 
1382 /*
1383  * Are we allowed to combine these two rules
1384  */
1385 int
1386 rules_combineable(struct pf_rule *p1, struct pf_rule *p2)
1387 {
1388 	struct pf_rule a, b;
1389 
1390 	comparable_rule(&a, p1, COMBINED);
1391 	comparable_rule(&b, p2, COMBINED);
1392 	return (memcmp(&a, &b, sizeof(a)) == 0);
1393 }
1394 
1395 
1396 /*
1397  * Can a rule be included inside a superblock
1398  */
1399 int
1400 superblock_inclusive(struct superblock *block, struct pf_opt_rule *por)
1401 {
1402 	struct pf_rule a, b;
1403 	int i, j;
1404 
1405 	/* First check for hard breaks */
1406 	for (i = 0; i < sizeof(pf_rule_desc)/sizeof(*pf_rule_desc); i++) {
1407 		if (pf_rule_desc[i].prf_type == BARRIER) {
1408 			for (j = 0; j < pf_rule_desc[i].prf_size; j++)
1409 				if (((char *)&por->por_rule)[j +
1410 				    pf_rule_desc[i].prf_offset] != 0)
1411 					return (0);
1412 		}
1413 	}
1414 
1415 	/* per-rule src-track is also a hard break */
1416 	if (por->por_rule.rule_flag & PFRULE_RULESRCTRACK)
1417 		return (0);
1418 
1419 	/*
1420 	 * Have to handle interface groups seperately.  Consider the following
1421 	 * rules:
1422 	 *	block on EXTIFS to any port 22
1423 	 *	pass  on em0 to any port 22
1424 	 * (where EXTIFS is an arbitrary interface group)
1425 	 * The optimizer may decide to re-order the pass rule in front of the
1426 	 * block rule.  But what if EXTIFS includes em0???  Such a reordering
1427 	 * would change the meaning of the ruleset.
1428 	 * We can't just lookup the EXTIFS group and check if em0 is a member
1429 	 * because the user is allowed to add interfaces to a group during
1430 	 * runtime.
1431 	 * Ergo interface groups become a defacto superblock break :-(
1432 	 */
1433 	if (interface_group(por->por_rule.ifname) ||
1434 	    interface_group(TAILQ_FIRST(&block->sb_rules)->por_rule.ifname)) {
1435 		if (strcasecmp(por->por_rule.ifname,
1436 		    TAILQ_FIRST(&block->sb_rules)->por_rule.ifname) != 0)
1437 			return (0);
1438 	}
1439 
1440 	comparable_rule(&a, &TAILQ_FIRST(&block->sb_rules)->por_rule, NOMERGE);
1441 	comparable_rule(&b, &por->por_rule, NOMERGE);
1442 	if (memcmp(&a, &b, sizeof(a)) == 0)
1443 		return (1);
1444 
1445 #ifdef OPT_DEBUG
1446 	for (i = 0; i < sizeof(por->por_rule); i++) {
1447 		int closest = -1;
1448 		if (((u_int8_t *)&a)[i] != ((u_int8_t *)&b)[i]) {
1449 			for (j = 0; j < sizeof(pf_rule_desc) /
1450 			    sizeof(*pf_rule_desc); j++) {
1451 				if (i >= pf_rule_desc[j].prf_offset &&
1452 				    i < pf_rule_desc[j].prf_offset +
1453 				    pf_rule_desc[j].prf_size) {
1454 					DEBUG("superblock break @ %d due to %s",
1455 					    por->por_rule.nr,
1456 					    pf_rule_desc[j].prf_name);
1457 					return (0);
1458 				}
1459 				if (i > pf_rule_desc[j].prf_offset) {
1460 					if (closest == -1 ||
1461 					    i-pf_rule_desc[j].prf_offset <
1462 					    i-pf_rule_desc[closest].prf_offset)
1463 						closest = j;
1464 				}
1465 			}
1466 
1467 			if (closest >= 0)
1468 				DEBUG("superblock break @ %d on %s+%xh",
1469 				    por->por_rule.nr,
1470 				    pf_rule_desc[closest].prf_name,
1471 				    i - pf_rule_desc[closest].prf_offset -
1472 				    pf_rule_desc[closest].prf_size);
1473 			else
1474 				DEBUG("superblock break @ %d on field @ %d",
1475 				    por->por_rule.nr, i);
1476 			return (0);
1477 		}
1478 	}
1479 #endif /* OPT_DEBUG */
1480 
1481 	return (0);
1482 }
1483 
1484 
1485 /*
1486  * Figure out if an interface name is an actual interface or actually a
1487  * group of interfaces.
1488  */
1489 int
1490 interface_group(const char *ifname)
1491 {
1492 	if (ifname == NULL || !ifname[0])
1493 		return (0);
1494 
1495 	/* Real interfaces must end in a number, interface groups do not */
1496 	if (isdigit(ifname[strlen(ifname) - 1]))
1497 		return (0);
1498 	else
1499 		return (1);
1500 }
1501 
1502 
1503 /*
1504  * Make a rule that can directly compared by memcmp()
1505  */
1506 void
1507 comparable_rule(struct pf_rule *dst, const struct pf_rule *src, int type)
1508 {
1509 	int i;
1510 	/*
1511 	 * To simplify the comparison, we just zero out the fields that are
1512 	 * allowed to be different and then do a simple memcmp()
1513 	 */
1514 	memcpy(dst, src, sizeof(*dst));
1515 	for (i = 0; i < sizeof(pf_rule_desc)/sizeof(*pf_rule_desc); i++)
1516 		if (pf_rule_desc[i].prf_type >= type) {
1517 #ifdef OPT_DEBUG
1518 			assert(pf_rule_desc[i].prf_type != NEVER ||
1519 			    *(((char *)dst) + pf_rule_desc[i].prf_offset) == 0);
1520 #endif /* OPT_DEBUG */
1521 			memset(((char *)dst) + pf_rule_desc[i].prf_offset, 0,
1522 			    pf_rule_desc[i].prf_size);
1523 		}
1524 }
1525 
1526 
1527 /*
1528  * Remove superset information from two rules so we can directly compare them
1529  * with memcmp()
1530  */
1531 void
1532 exclude_supersets(struct pf_rule *super, struct pf_rule *sub)
1533 {
1534 	if (super->ifname[0] == '\0')
1535 		memset(sub->ifname, 0, sizeof(sub->ifname));
1536 	if (super->direction == PF_INOUT)
1537 		sub->direction = PF_INOUT;
1538 	if ((super->proto == 0 || super->proto == sub->proto) &&
1539 	    super->flags == 0 && super->flagset == 0 && (sub->flags ||
1540 	    sub->flagset)) {
1541 		sub->flags = super->flags;
1542 		sub->flagset = super->flagset;
1543 	}
1544 	if (super->proto == 0)
1545 		sub->proto = 0;
1546 
1547 	if (super->src.port_op == 0) {
1548 		sub->src.port_op = 0;
1549 		sub->src.port[0] = 0;
1550 		sub->src.port[1] = 0;
1551 	}
1552 	if (super->dst.port_op == 0) {
1553 		sub->dst.port_op = 0;
1554 		sub->dst.port[0] = 0;
1555 		sub->dst.port[1] = 0;
1556 	}
1557 
1558 	if (super->src.addr.type == PF_ADDR_ADDRMASK && !super->src.neg &&
1559 	    !sub->src.neg && super->src.addr.v.a.mask.addr32[0] == 0 &&
1560 	    super->src.addr.v.a.mask.addr32[1] == 0 &&
1561 	    super->src.addr.v.a.mask.addr32[2] == 0 &&
1562 	    super->src.addr.v.a.mask.addr32[3] == 0)
1563 		memset(&sub->src.addr, 0, sizeof(sub->src.addr));
1564 	else if (super->src.addr.type == PF_ADDR_ADDRMASK &&
1565 	    sub->src.addr.type == PF_ADDR_ADDRMASK &&
1566 	    super->src.neg == sub->src.neg &&
1567 	    super->af == sub->af &&
1568 	    unmask(&super->src.addr.v.a.mask, super->af) <
1569 	    unmask(&sub->src.addr.v.a.mask, sub->af) &&
1570 	    super->src.addr.v.a.addr.addr32[0] ==
1571 	    (sub->src.addr.v.a.addr.addr32[0] &
1572 	    super->src.addr.v.a.mask.addr32[0]) &&
1573 	    super->src.addr.v.a.addr.addr32[1] ==
1574 	    (sub->src.addr.v.a.addr.addr32[1] &
1575 	    super->src.addr.v.a.mask.addr32[1]) &&
1576 	    super->src.addr.v.a.addr.addr32[2] ==
1577 	    (sub->src.addr.v.a.addr.addr32[2] &
1578 	    super->src.addr.v.a.mask.addr32[2]) &&
1579 	    super->src.addr.v.a.addr.addr32[3] ==
1580 	    (sub->src.addr.v.a.addr.addr32[3] &
1581 	    super->src.addr.v.a.mask.addr32[3])) {
1582 		/* sub->src.addr is a subset of super->src.addr/mask */
1583 		memcpy(&sub->src.addr, &super->src.addr, sizeof(sub->src.addr));
1584 	}
1585 
1586 	if (super->dst.addr.type == PF_ADDR_ADDRMASK && !super->dst.neg &&
1587 	    !sub->dst.neg && super->dst.addr.v.a.mask.addr32[0] == 0 &&
1588 	    super->dst.addr.v.a.mask.addr32[1] == 0 &&
1589 	    super->dst.addr.v.a.mask.addr32[2] == 0 &&
1590 	    super->dst.addr.v.a.mask.addr32[3] == 0)
1591 		memset(&sub->dst.addr, 0, sizeof(sub->dst.addr));
1592 	else if (super->dst.addr.type == PF_ADDR_ADDRMASK &&
1593 	    sub->dst.addr.type == PF_ADDR_ADDRMASK &&
1594 	    super->dst.neg == sub->dst.neg &&
1595 	    super->af == sub->af &&
1596 	    unmask(&super->dst.addr.v.a.mask, super->af) <
1597 	    unmask(&sub->dst.addr.v.a.mask, sub->af) &&
1598 	    super->dst.addr.v.a.addr.addr32[0] ==
1599 	    (sub->dst.addr.v.a.addr.addr32[0] &
1600 	    super->dst.addr.v.a.mask.addr32[0]) &&
1601 	    super->dst.addr.v.a.addr.addr32[1] ==
1602 	    (sub->dst.addr.v.a.addr.addr32[1] &
1603 	    super->dst.addr.v.a.mask.addr32[1]) &&
1604 	    super->dst.addr.v.a.addr.addr32[2] ==
1605 	    (sub->dst.addr.v.a.addr.addr32[2] &
1606 	    super->dst.addr.v.a.mask.addr32[2]) &&
1607 	    super->dst.addr.v.a.addr.addr32[3] ==
1608 	    (sub->dst.addr.v.a.addr.addr32[3] &
1609 	    super->dst.addr.v.a.mask.addr32[3])) {
1610 		/* sub->dst.addr is a subset of super->dst.addr/mask */
1611 		memcpy(&sub->dst.addr, &super->dst.addr, sizeof(sub->dst.addr));
1612 	}
1613 
1614 	if (super->af == 0)
1615 		sub->af = 0;
1616 }
1617 
1618 
1619 void
1620 superblock_free(struct pfctl *pf, struct superblock *block)
1621 {
1622 	struct pf_opt_rule *por;
1623 	while ((por = TAILQ_FIRST(&block->sb_rules))) {
1624 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&block->sb_rules, por, por_entry);
1625 		if (por->por_src_tbl) {
1626 			if (por->por_src_tbl->pt_buf) {
1627 				pfr_buf_clear(por->por_src_tbl->pt_buf);
1628 				free(por->por_src_tbl->pt_buf);
1629 			}
1630 			free(por->por_src_tbl);
1631 		}
1632 		if (por->por_dst_tbl) {
1633 			if (por->por_dst_tbl->pt_buf) {
1634 				pfr_buf_clear(por->por_dst_tbl->pt_buf);
1635 				free(por->por_dst_tbl->pt_buf);
1636 			}
1637 			free(por->por_dst_tbl);
1638 		}
1639 		free(por);
1640 	}
1641 	if (block->sb_profiled_block)
1642 		superblock_free(pf, block->sb_profiled_block);
1643 	free(block);
1644 }
1645 
1646