1 /* 2 * Copyright (c) 1994 Christopher G. Demetriou 3 * All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 7 * are met: 8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 9 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 12 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 13 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 14 * must display the following acknowledgement: 15 * This product includes software developed by Christopher G. Demetriou. 16 * 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products 17 * derived from this software without specific prior written permission 18 * 19 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 20 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES 21 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. 22 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, 23 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT 24 * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, 25 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY 26 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT 27 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF 28 * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 29 * 30 * @(#) Copyright (c) 1994 Christopher G. Demetriou All rights reserved. 31 * $FreeBSD: src/usr.sbin/sa/main.c,v 1.8.2.2 2001/07/19 05:20:49 kris Exp $ 32 * $DragonFly: src/usr.sbin/sa/main.c,v 1.5 2005/12/05 02:40:28 swildner Exp $ 33 */ 34 35 /* 36 * sa: system accounting 37 */ 38 39 #include <sys/types.h> 40 #include <sys/acct.h> 41 #include <ctype.h> 42 #include <err.h> 43 #include <fcntl.h> 44 #include <signal.h> 45 #include <stdio.h> 46 #include <stdlib.h> 47 #include <string.h> 48 #include <unistd.h> 49 #include "extern.h" 50 #include "pathnames.h" 51 52 static int acct_load(char *, int); 53 static u_quad_t decode_comp_t(comp_t); 54 static int cmp_comm(const char *, const char *); 55 static int cmp_usrsys(const DBT *, const DBT *); 56 static int cmp_avgusrsys(const DBT *, const DBT *); 57 static int cmp_dkio(const DBT *, const DBT *); 58 static int cmp_avgdkio(const DBT *, const DBT *); 59 static int cmp_cpumem(const DBT *, const DBT *); 60 static int cmp_avgcpumem(const DBT *, const DBT *); 61 static int cmp_calls(const DBT *, const DBT *); 62 static void usage (void); 63 64 int aflag, bflag, cflag, dflag, Dflag, fflag, iflag, jflag, kflag; 65 int Kflag, lflag, mflag, qflag, rflag, sflag, tflag, uflag, vflag; 66 int cutoff = 1; 67 68 static char *dfltargv[] = { _PATH_ACCT }; 69 static int dfltargc = (sizeof dfltargv/sizeof(char *)); 70 71 /* default to comparing by sum of user + system time */ 72 cmpf_t sa_cmp = cmp_usrsys; 73 74 int 75 main(int argc, char **argv) 76 { 77 char ch; 78 int error = 0; 79 80 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "abcdDfijkKlmnqrstuv:")) != -1) 81 switch (ch) { 82 case 'a': 83 /* print all commands */ 84 aflag = 1; 85 break; 86 case 'b': 87 /* sort by per-call user/system time average */ 88 bflag = 1; 89 sa_cmp = cmp_avgusrsys; 90 break; 91 case 'c': 92 /* print percentage total time */ 93 cflag = 1; 94 break; 95 case 'd': 96 /* sort by averge number of disk I/O ops */ 97 dflag = 1; 98 sa_cmp = cmp_avgdkio; 99 break; 100 case 'D': 101 /* print and sort by total disk I/O ops */ 102 Dflag = 1; 103 sa_cmp = cmp_dkio; 104 break; 105 case 'f': 106 /* force no interactive threshold comprison */ 107 fflag = 1; 108 break; 109 case 'i': 110 /* do not read in summary file */ 111 iflag = 1; 112 break; 113 case 'j': 114 /* instead of total minutes, give sec/call */ 115 jflag = 1; 116 break; 117 case 'k': 118 /* sort by cpu-time average memory usage */ 119 kflag = 1; 120 sa_cmp = cmp_avgcpumem; 121 break; 122 case 'K': 123 /* print and sort by cpu-storage integral */ 124 sa_cmp = cmp_cpumem; 125 Kflag = 1; 126 break; 127 case 'l': 128 /* separate system and user time */ 129 lflag = 1; 130 break; 131 case 'm': 132 /* print procs and time per-user */ 133 mflag = 1; 134 break; 135 case 'n': 136 /* sort by number of calls */ 137 sa_cmp = cmp_calls; 138 break; 139 case 'q': 140 /* quiet; error messages only */ 141 qflag = 1; 142 break; 143 case 'r': 144 /* reverse order of sort */ 145 rflag = 1; 146 break; 147 case 's': 148 /* merge accounting file into summaries */ 149 sflag = 1; 150 break; 151 case 't': 152 /* report ratio of user and system times */ 153 tflag = 1; 154 break; 155 case 'u': 156 /* first, print uid and command name */ 157 uflag = 1; 158 break; 159 case 'v': 160 /* cull junk */ 161 vflag = 1; 162 cutoff = atoi(optarg); 163 break; 164 case '?': 165 default: 166 usage(); 167 } 168 169 argc -= optind; 170 argv += optind; 171 172 /* various argument checking */ 173 if (fflag && !vflag) 174 errx(1, "only one of -f requires -v"); 175 if (fflag && aflag) 176 errx(1, "only one of -a and -v may be specified"); 177 /* XXX need more argument checking */ 178 179 if (!uflag) { 180 /* initialize tables */ 181 if ((sflag || (!mflag && !qflag)) && pacct_init() != 0) 182 errx(1, "process accounting initialization failed"); 183 if ((sflag || (mflag && !qflag)) && usracct_init() != 0) 184 errx(1, "user accounting initialization failed"); 185 } 186 187 if (argc == 0) { 188 argc = dfltargc; 189 argv = dfltargv; 190 } 191 192 /* for each file specified */ 193 for (; argc > 0; argc--, argv++) { 194 int fd; 195 196 /* 197 * load the accounting data from the file. 198 * if it fails, go on to the next file. 199 */ 200 fd = acct_load(argv[0], sflag); 201 if (fd < 0) 202 continue; 203 204 if (!uflag && sflag) { 205 #ifndef DEBUG 206 sigset_t nmask, omask; 207 int unmask = 1; 208 209 /* 210 * block most signals so we aren't interrupted during 211 * the update. 212 */ 213 if (sigfillset(&nmask) == -1) { 214 warn("sigfillset"); 215 unmask = 0; 216 error = 1; 217 } 218 if (unmask && 219 (sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &nmask, &omask) == -1)) { 220 warn("couldn't set signal mask"); 221 unmask = 0; 222 error = 1; 223 } 224 #endif /* DEBUG */ 225 226 /* 227 * truncate the accounting data file ASAP, to avoid 228 * losing data. don't worry about errors in updating 229 * the saved stats; better to underbill than overbill, 230 * but we want every accounting record intact. 231 */ 232 if (ftruncate(fd, 0) == -1) { 233 warn("couldn't truncate %s", argv); 234 error = 1; 235 } 236 237 /* 238 * update saved user and process accounting data. 239 * note errors for later. 240 */ 241 if (pacct_update() != 0 || usracct_update() != 0) 242 error = 1; 243 244 #ifndef DEBUG 245 /* 246 * restore signals 247 */ 248 if (unmask && 249 (sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &omask, NULL) == -1)) { 250 warn("couldn't restore signal mask"); 251 error = 1; 252 } 253 #endif /* DEBUG */ 254 } 255 256 /* 257 * close the opened accounting file 258 */ 259 if (close(fd) == -1) { 260 warn("close %s", argv); 261 error = 1; 262 } 263 } 264 265 if (!uflag && !qflag) { 266 /* print any results we may have obtained. */ 267 if (!mflag) 268 pacct_print(); 269 else 270 usracct_print(); 271 } 272 273 if (!uflag) { 274 /* finally, deallocate databases */ 275 if (sflag || (!mflag && !qflag)) 276 pacct_destroy(); 277 if (sflag || (mflag && !qflag)) 278 usracct_destroy(); 279 } 280 281 exit(error); 282 } 283 284 static void 285 usage(void) 286 { 287 fprintf(stderr, 288 "usage: sa [-abcdDfijkKlmnqrstu] [-v cutoff] [file ...]\n"); 289 exit(1); 290 } 291 292 static int 293 acct_load(char *pn, int wr) 294 { 295 struct acct ac; 296 struct cmdinfo ci; 297 ssize_t rv; 298 int fd, i; 299 300 /* 301 * open the file 302 */ 303 fd = open(pn, wr ? O_RDWR : O_RDONLY, 0); 304 if (fd == -1) { 305 warn("open %s %s", pn, wr ? "for read/write" : "read-only"); 306 return (-1); 307 } 308 309 /* 310 * read all we can; don't stat and open because more processes 311 * could exit, and we'd miss them 312 */ 313 while (1) { 314 /* get one accounting entry and punt if there's an error */ 315 rv = read(fd, &ac, sizeof(struct acct)); 316 if (rv == -1) 317 warn("error reading %s", pn); 318 else if (rv > 0 && rv < sizeof(struct acct)) 319 warnx("short read of accounting data in %s", pn); 320 if (rv != sizeof(struct acct)) 321 break; 322 323 /* decode it */ 324 ci.ci_calls = 1; 325 for (i = 0; i < sizeof ac.ac_comm && ac.ac_comm[i] != '\0'; 326 i++) { 327 char c = ac.ac_comm[i]; 328 329 if (!isascii(c) || iscntrl(c)) { 330 ci.ci_comm[i] = '?'; 331 ci.ci_flags |= CI_UNPRINTABLE; 332 } else 333 ci.ci_comm[i] = c; 334 } 335 if (ac.ac_flag & AFORK) 336 ci.ci_comm[i++] = '*'; 337 ci.ci_comm[i++] = '\0'; 338 ci.ci_etime = decode_comp_t(ac.ac_etime); 339 ci.ci_utime = decode_comp_t(ac.ac_utime); 340 ci.ci_stime = decode_comp_t(ac.ac_stime); 341 ci.ci_uid = ac.ac_uid; 342 ci.ci_mem = ac.ac_mem; 343 ci.ci_io = decode_comp_t(ac.ac_io) / AHZ; 344 345 if (!uflag) { 346 /* and enter it into the usracct and pacct databases */ 347 if (sflag || (!mflag && !qflag)) 348 pacct_add(&ci); 349 if (sflag || (mflag && !qflag)) 350 usracct_add(&ci); 351 } else if (!qflag) 352 printf("%6lu %12.2f cpu %12quk mem %12qu io %s\n", 353 ci.ci_uid, 354 (ci.ci_utime + ci.ci_stime) / (double) AHZ, 355 ci.ci_mem, ci.ci_io, ci.ci_comm); 356 } 357 358 /* finally, return the file descriptor for possible truncation */ 359 return (fd); 360 } 361 362 static u_quad_t 363 decode_comp_t(comp_t comp) 364 { 365 u_quad_t rv; 366 367 /* 368 * for more info on the comp_t format, see: 369 * /usr/src/sys/kern/kern_acct.c 370 * /usr/src/sys/sys/acct.h 371 * /usr/src/usr.bin/lastcomm/lastcomm.c 372 */ 373 rv = comp & 0x1fff; /* 13 bit fraction */ 374 comp >>= 13; /* 3 bit base-8 exponent */ 375 while (comp--) 376 rv <<= 3; 377 378 return (rv); 379 } 380 381 /* sort commands, doing the right thing in terms of reversals */ 382 static int 383 cmp_comm(const char *s1, const char *s2) 384 { 385 int rv; 386 387 rv = strcmp(s1, s2); 388 if (rv == 0) 389 rv = -1; 390 return (rflag ? rv : -rv); 391 } 392 393 /* sort by total user and system time */ 394 static int 395 cmp_usrsys(const DBT *d1, const DBT *d2) 396 { 397 struct cmdinfo c1, c2; 398 u_quad_t t1, t2; 399 400 memcpy(&c1, d1->data, sizeof(c1)); 401 memcpy(&c2, d2->data, sizeof(c2)); 402 403 t1 = c1.ci_utime + c1.ci_stime; 404 t2 = c2.ci_utime + c2.ci_stime; 405 406 if (t1 < t2) 407 return -1; 408 else if (t1 == t2) 409 return (cmp_comm(c1.ci_comm, c2.ci_comm)); 410 else 411 return 1; 412 } 413 414 /* sort by average user and system time */ 415 static int 416 cmp_avgusrsys(const DBT *d1, const DBT *d2) 417 { 418 struct cmdinfo c1, c2; 419 double t1, t2; 420 421 memcpy(&c1, d1->data, sizeof(c1)); 422 memcpy(&c2, d2->data, sizeof(c2)); 423 424 t1 = c1.ci_utime + c1.ci_stime; 425 t1 /= (double) (c1.ci_calls ? c1.ci_calls : 1); 426 427 t2 = c2.ci_utime + c2.ci_stime; 428 t2 /= (double) (c2.ci_calls ? c2.ci_calls : 1); 429 430 if (t1 < t2) 431 return -1; 432 else if (t1 == t2) 433 return (cmp_comm(c1.ci_comm, c2.ci_comm)); 434 else 435 return 1; 436 } 437 438 /* sort by total number of disk I/O operations */ 439 static int 440 cmp_dkio(const DBT *d1, const DBT *d2) 441 { 442 struct cmdinfo c1, c2; 443 444 memcpy(&c1, d1->data, sizeof(c1)); 445 memcpy(&c2, d2->data, sizeof(c2)); 446 447 if (c1.ci_io < c2.ci_io) 448 return -1; 449 else if (c1.ci_io == c2.ci_io) 450 return (cmp_comm(c1.ci_comm, c2.ci_comm)); 451 else 452 return 1; 453 } 454 455 /* sort by average number of disk I/O operations */ 456 static int 457 cmp_avgdkio(const DBT *d1, const DBT *d2) 458 { 459 struct cmdinfo c1, c2; 460 double n1, n2; 461 462 memcpy(&c1, d1->data, sizeof(c1)); 463 memcpy(&c2, d2->data, sizeof(c2)); 464 465 n1 = (double) c1.ci_io / (double) (c1.ci_calls ? c1.ci_calls : 1); 466 n2 = (double) c2.ci_io / (double) (c2.ci_calls ? c2.ci_calls : 1); 467 468 if (n1 < n2) 469 return -1; 470 else if (n1 == n2) 471 return (cmp_comm(c1.ci_comm, c2.ci_comm)); 472 else 473 return 1; 474 } 475 476 /* sort by the cpu-storage integral */ 477 static int 478 cmp_cpumem(const DBT *d1, const DBT *d2) 479 { 480 struct cmdinfo c1, c2; 481 482 memcpy(&c1, d1->data, sizeof(c1)); 483 memcpy(&c2, d2->data, sizeof(c2)); 484 485 if (c1.ci_mem < c2.ci_mem) 486 return -1; 487 else if (c1.ci_mem == c2.ci_mem) 488 return (cmp_comm(c1.ci_comm, c2.ci_comm)); 489 else 490 return 1; 491 } 492 493 /* sort by the cpu-time average memory usage */ 494 static int 495 cmp_avgcpumem(const DBT *d1, const DBT *d2) 496 { 497 struct cmdinfo c1, c2; 498 u_quad_t t1, t2; 499 double n1, n2; 500 501 memcpy(&c1, d1->data, sizeof(c1)); 502 memcpy(&c2, d2->data, sizeof(c2)); 503 504 t1 = c1.ci_utime + c1.ci_stime; 505 t2 = c2.ci_utime + c2.ci_stime; 506 507 n1 = (double) c1.ci_mem / (double) (t1 ? t1 : 1); 508 n2 = (double) c2.ci_mem / (double) (t2 ? t2 : 1); 509 510 if (n1 < n2) 511 return -1; 512 else if (n1 == n2) 513 return (cmp_comm(c1.ci_comm, c2.ci_comm)); 514 else 515 return 1; 516 } 517 518 /* sort by the number of invocations */ 519 static int 520 cmp_calls(const DBT *d1, const DBT *d2) 521 { 522 struct cmdinfo c1, c2; 523 524 memcpy(&c1, d1->data, sizeof(c1)); 525 memcpy(&c2, d2->data, sizeof(c2)); 526 527 if (c1.ci_calls < c2.ci_calls) 528 return -1; 529 else if (c1.ci_calls == c2.ci_calls) 530 return (cmp_comm(c1.ci_comm, c2.ci_comm)); 531 else 532 return 1; 533 } 534