1 /* 2 * Copyright (c) 1994 Christopher G. Demetriou 3 * All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 7 * are met: 8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 9 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 12 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 13 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 14 * must display the following acknowledgement: 15 * This product includes software developed by Christopher G. Demetriou. 16 * 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products 17 * derived from this software without specific prior written permission 18 * 19 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 20 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES 21 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. 22 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, 23 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT 24 * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, 25 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY 26 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT 27 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF 28 * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 29 * 30 * @(#) Copyright (c) 1994 Christopher G. Demetriou All rights reserved. 31 * $FreeBSD: src/usr.sbin/sa/main.c,v 1.8.2.2 2001/07/19 05:20:49 kris Exp $ 32 * $DragonFly: src/usr.sbin/sa/main.c,v 1.3 2003/11/03 19:31:43 eirikn Exp $ 33 */ 34 35 /* 36 * sa: system accounting 37 */ 38 39 #include <sys/types.h> 40 #include <sys/acct.h> 41 #include <ctype.h> 42 #include <err.h> 43 #include <fcntl.h> 44 #include <signal.h> 45 #include <stdio.h> 46 #include <stdlib.h> 47 #include <string.h> 48 #include <unistd.h> 49 #include "extern.h" 50 #include "pathnames.h" 51 52 static int acct_load(char *, int); 53 static u_quad_t decode_comp_t(comp_t); 54 static int cmp_comm(const char *, const char *); 55 static int cmp_usrsys(const DBT *, const DBT *); 56 static int cmp_avgusrsys(const DBT *, const DBT *); 57 static int cmp_dkio(const DBT *, const DBT *); 58 static int cmp_avgdkio(const DBT *, const DBT *); 59 static int cmp_cpumem(const DBT *, const DBT *); 60 static int cmp_avgcpumem(const DBT *, const DBT *); 61 static int cmp_calls(const DBT *, const DBT *); 62 static void usage (void); 63 64 int aflag, bflag, cflag, dflag, Dflag, fflag, iflag, jflag, kflag; 65 int Kflag, lflag, mflag, qflag, rflag, sflag, tflag, uflag, vflag; 66 int cutoff = 1; 67 68 static char *dfltargv[] = { _PATH_ACCT }; 69 static int dfltargc = (sizeof dfltargv/sizeof(char *)); 70 71 /* default to comparing by sum of user + system time */ 72 cmpf_t sa_cmp = cmp_usrsys; 73 74 int 75 main(argc, argv) 76 int argc; 77 char **argv; 78 { 79 char ch; 80 int error = 0; 81 82 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "abcdDfijkKlmnqrstuv:")) != -1) 83 switch (ch) { 84 case 'a': 85 /* print all commands */ 86 aflag = 1; 87 break; 88 case 'b': 89 /* sort by per-call user/system time average */ 90 bflag = 1; 91 sa_cmp = cmp_avgusrsys; 92 break; 93 case 'c': 94 /* print percentage total time */ 95 cflag = 1; 96 break; 97 case 'd': 98 /* sort by averge number of disk I/O ops */ 99 dflag = 1; 100 sa_cmp = cmp_avgdkio; 101 break; 102 case 'D': 103 /* print and sort by total disk I/O ops */ 104 Dflag = 1; 105 sa_cmp = cmp_dkio; 106 break; 107 case 'f': 108 /* force no interactive threshold comprison */ 109 fflag = 1; 110 break; 111 case 'i': 112 /* do not read in summary file */ 113 iflag = 1; 114 break; 115 case 'j': 116 /* instead of total minutes, give sec/call */ 117 jflag = 1; 118 break; 119 case 'k': 120 /* sort by cpu-time average memory usage */ 121 kflag = 1; 122 sa_cmp = cmp_avgcpumem; 123 break; 124 case 'K': 125 /* print and sort by cpu-storage integral */ 126 sa_cmp = cmp_cpumem; 127 Kflag = 1; 128 break; 129 case 'l': 130 /* separate system and user time */ 131 lflag = 1; 132 break; 133 case 'm': 134 /* print procs and time per-user */ 135 mflag = 1; 136 break; 137 case 'n': 138 /* sort by number of calls */ 139 sa_cmp = cmp_calls; 140 break; 141 case 'q': 142 /* quiet; error messages only */ 143 qflag = 1; 144 break; 145 case 'r': 146 /* reverse order of sort */ 147 rflag = 1; 148 break; 149 case 's': 150 /* merge accounting file into summaries */ 151 sflag = 1; 152 break; 153 case 't': 154 /* report ratio of user and system times */ 155 tflag = 1; 156 break; 157 case 'u': 158 /* first, print uid and command name */ 159 uflag = 1; 160 break; 161 case 'v': 162 /* cull junk */ 163 vflag = 1; 164 cutoff = atoi(optarg); 165 break; 166 case '?': 167 default: 168 usage(); 169 } 170 171 argc -= optind; 172 argv += optind; 173 174 /* various argument checking */ 175 if (fflag && !vflag) 176 errx(1, "only one of -f requires -v"); 177 if (fflag && aflag) 178 errx(1, "only one of -a and -v may be specified"); 179 /* XXX need more argument checking */ 180 181 if (!uflag) { 182 /* initialize tables */ 183 if ((sflag || (!mflag && !qflag)) && pacct_init() != 0) 184 errx(1, "process accounting initialization failed"); 185 if ((sflag || (mflag && !qflag)) && usracct_init() != 0) 186 errx(1, "user accounting initialization failed"); 187 } 188 189 if (argc == 0) { 190 argc = dfltargc; 191 argv = dfltargv; 192 } 193 194 /* for each file specified */ 195 for (; argc > 0; argc--, argv++) { 196 int fd; 197 198 /* 199 * load the accounting data from the file. 200 * if it fails, go on to the next file. 201 */ 202 fd = acct_load(argv[0], sflag); 203 if (fd < 0) 204 continue; 205 206 if (!uflag && sflag) { 207 #ifndef DEBUG 208 sigset_t nmask, omask; 209 int unmask = 1; 210 211 /* 212 * block most signals so we aren't interrupted during 213 * the update. 214 */ 215 if (sigfillset(&nmask) == -1) { 216 warn("sigfillset"); 217 unmask = 0; 218 error = 1; 219 } 220 if (unmask && 221 (sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &nmask, &omask) == -1)) { 222 warn("couldn't set signal mask"); 223 unmask = 0; 224 error = 1; 225 } 226 #endif /* DEBUG */ 227 228 /* 229 * truncate the accounting data file ASAP, to avoid 230 * losing data. don't worry about errors in updating 231 * the saved stats; better to underbill than overbill, 232 * but we want every accounting record intact. 233 */ 234 if (ftruncate(fd, 0) == -1) { 235 warn("couldn't truncate %s", argv); 236 error = 1; 237 } 238 239 /* 240 * update saved user and process accounting data. 241 * note errors for later. 242 */ 243 if (pacct_update() != 0 || usracct_update() != 0) 244 error = 1; 245 246 #ifndef DEBUG 247 /* 248 * restore signals 249 */ 250 if (unmask && 251 (sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &omask, NULL) == -1)) { 252 warn("couldn't restore signal mask"); 253 error = 1; 254 } 255 #endif /* DEBUG */ 256 } 257 258 /* 259 * close the opened accounting file 260 */ 261 if (close(fd) == -1) { 262 warn("close %s", argv); 263 error = 1; 264 } 265 } 266 267 if (!uflag && !qflag) { 268 /* print any results we may have obtained. */ 269 if (!mflag) 270 pacct_print(); 271 else 272 usracct_print(); 273 } 274 275 if (!uflag) { 276 /* finally, deallocate databases */ 277 if (sflag || (!mflag && !qflag)) 278 pacct_destroy(); 279 if (sflag || (mflag && !qflag)) 280 usracct_destroy(); 281 } 282 283 exit(error); 284 } 285 286 static void 287 usage() 288 { 289 (void)fprintf(stderr, 290 "usage: sa [-abcdDfijkKlmnqrstu] [-v cutoff] [file ...]\n"); 291 exit(1); 292 } 293 294 static int 295 acct_load(pn, wr) 296 char *pn; 297 int wr; 298 { 299 struct acct ac; 300 struct cmdinfo ci; 301 ssize_t rv; 302 int fd, i; 303 304 /* 305 * open the file 306 */ 307 fd = open(pn, wr ? O_RDWR : O_RDONLY, 0); 308 if (fd == -1) { 309 warn("open %s %s", pn, wr ? "for read/write" : "read-only"); 310 return (-1); 311 } 312 313 /* 314 * read all we can; don't stat and open because more processes 315 * could exit, and we'd miss them 316 */ 317 while (1) { 318 /* get one accounting entry and punt if there's an error */ 319 rv = read(fd, &ac, sizeof(struct acct)); 320 if (rv == -1) 321 warn("error reading %s", pn); 322 else if (rv > 0 && rv < sizeof(struct acct)) 323 warnx("short read of accounting data in %s", pn); 324 if (rv != sizeof(struct acct)) 325 break; 326 327 /* decode it */ 328 ci.ci_calls = 1; 329 for (i = 0; i < sizeof ac.ac_comm && ac.ac_comm[i] != '\0'; 330 i++) { 331 char c = ac.ac_comm[i]; 332 333 if (!isascii(c) || iscntrl(c)) { 334 ci.ci_comm[i] = '?'; 335 ci.ci_flags |= CI_UNPRINTABLE; 336 } else 337 ci.ci_comm[i] = c; 338 } 339 if (ac.ac_flag & AFORK) 340 ci.ci_comm[i++] = '*'; 341 ci.ci_comm[i++] = '\0'; 342 ci.ci_etime = decode_comp_t(ac.ac_etime); 343 ci.ci_utime = decode_comp_t(ac.ac_utime); 344 ci.ci_stime = decode_comp_t(ac.ac_stime); 345 ci.ci_uid = ac.ac_uid; 346 ci.ci_mem = ac.ac_mem; 347 ci.ci_io = decode_comp_t(ac.ac_io) / AHZ; 348 349 if (!uflag) { 350 /* and enter it into the usracct and pacct databases */ 351 if (sflag || (!mflag && !qflag)) 352 pacct_add(&ci); 353 if (sflag || (mflag && !qflag)) 354 usracct_add(&ci); 355 } else if (!qflag) 356 printf("%6lu %12.2f cpu %12quk mem %12qu io %s\n", 357 ci.ci_uid, 358 (ci.ci_utime + ci.ci_stime) / (double) AHZ, 359 ci.ci_mem, ci.ci_io, ci.ci_comm); 360 } 361 362 /* finally, return the file descriptor for possible truncation */ 363 return (fd); 364 } 365 366 static u_quad_t 367 decode_comp_t(comp) 368 comp_t comp; 369 { 370 u_quad_t rv; 371 372 /* 373 * for more info on the comp_t format, see: 374 * /usr/src/sys/kern/kern_acct.c 375 * /usr/src/sys/sys/acct.h 376 * /usr/src/usr.bin/lastcomm/lastcomm.c 377 */ 378 rv = comp & 0x1fff; /* 13 bit fraction */ 379 comp >>= 13; /* 3 bit base-8 exponent */ 380 while (comp--) 381 rv <<= 3; 382 383 return (rv); 384 } 385 386 /* sort commands, doing the right thing in terms of reversals */ 387 static int 388 cmp_comm(s1, s2) 389 const char *s1, *s2; 390 { 391 int rv; 392 393 rv = strcmp(s1, s2); 394 if (rv == 0) 395 rv = -1; 396 return (rflag ? rv : -rv); 397 } 398 399 /* sort by total user and system time */ 400 static int 401 cmp_usrsys(d1, d2) 402 const DBT *d1, *d2; 403 { 404 struct cmdinfo c1, c2; 405 u_quad_t t1, t2; 406 407 memcpy(&c1, d1->data, sizeof(c1)); 408 memcpy(&c2, d2->data, sizeof(c2)); 409 410 t1 = c1.ci_utime + c1.ci_stime; 411 t2 = c2.ci_utime + c2.ci_stime; 412 413 if (t1 < t2) 414 return -1; 415 else if (t1 == t2) 416 return (cmp_comm(c1.ci_comm, c2.ci_comm)); 417 else 418 return 1; 419 } 420 421 /* sort by average user and system time */ 422 static int 423 cmp_avgusrsys(d1, d2) 424 const DBT *d1, *d2; 425 { 426 struct cmdinfo c1, c2; 427 double t1, t2; 428 429 memcpy(&c1, d1->data, sizeof(c1)); 430 memcpy(&c2, d2->data, sizeof(c2)); 431 432 t1 = c1.ci_utime + c1.ci_stime; 433 t1 /= (double) (c1.ci_calls ? c1.ci_calls : 1); 434 435 t2 = c2.ci_utime + c2.ci_stime; 436 t2 /= (double) (c2.ci_calls ? c2.ci_calls : 1); 437 438 if (t1 < t2) 439 return -1; 440 else if (t1 == t2) 441 return (cmp_comm(c1.ci_comm, c2.ci_comm)); 442 else 443 return 1; 444 } 445 446 /* sort by total number of disk I/O operations */ 447 static int 448 cmp_dkio(d1, d2) 449 const DBT *d1, *d2; 450 { 451 struct cmdinfo c1, c2; 452 453 memcpy(&c1, d1->data, sizeof(c1)); 454 memcpy(&c2, d2->data, sizeof(c2)); 455 456 if (c1.ci_io < c2.ci_io) 457 return -1; 458 else if (c1.ci_io == c2.ci_io) 459 return (cmp_comm(c1.ci_comm, c2.ci_comm)); 460 else 461 return 1; 462 } 463 464 /* sort by average number of disk I/O operations */ 465 static int 466 cmp_avgdkio(d1, d2) 467 const DBT *d1, *d2; 468 { 469 struct cmdinfo c1, c2; 470 double n1, n2; 471 472 memcpy(&c1, d1->data, sizeof(c1)); 473 memcpy(&c2, d2->data, sizeof(c2)); 474 475 n1 = (double) c1.ci_io / (double) (c1.ci_calls ? c1.ci_calls : 1); 476 n2 = (double) c2.ci_io / (double) (c2.ci_calls ? c2.ci_calls : 1); 477 478 if (n1 < n2) 479 return -1; 480 else if (n1 == n2) 481 return (cmp_comm(c1.ci_comm, c2.ci_comm)); 482 else 483 return 1; 484 } 485 486 /* sort by the cpu-storage integral */ 487 static int 488 cmp_cpumem(d1, d2) 489 const DBT *d1, *d2; 490 { 491 struct cmdinfo c1, c2; 492 493 memcpy(&c1, d1->data, sizeof(c1)); 494 memcpy(&c2, d2->data, sizeof(c2)); 495 496 if (c1.ci_mem < c2.ci_mem) 497 return -1; 498 else if (c1.ci_mem == c2.ci_mem) 499 return (cmp_comm(c1.ci_comm, c2.ci_comm)); 500 else 501 return 1; 502 } 503 504 /* sort by the cpu-time average memory usage */ 505 static int 506 cmp_avgcpumem(d1, d2) 507 const DBT *d1, *d2; 508 { 509 struct cmdinfo c1, c2; 510 u_quad_t t1, t2; 511 double n1, n2; 512 513 memcpy(&c1, d1->data, sizeof(c1)); 514 memcpy(&c2, d2->data, sizeof(c2)); 515 516 t1 = c1.ci_utime + c1.ci_stime; 517 t2 = c2.ci_utime + c2.ci_stime; 518 519 n1 = (double) c1.ci_mem / (double) (t1 ? t1 : 1); 520 n2 = (double) c2.ci_mem / (double) (t2 ? t2 : 1); 521 522 if (n1 < n2) 523 return -1; 524 else if (n1 == n2) 525 return (cmp_comm(c1.ci_comm, c2.ci_comm)); 526 else 527 return 1; 528 } 529 530 /* sort by the number of invocations */ 531 static int 532 cmp_calls(d1, d2) 533 const DBT *d1, *d2; 534 { 535 struct cmdinfo c1, c2; 536 537 memcpy(&c1, d1->data, sizeof(c1)); 538 memcpy(&c2, d2->data, sizeof(c2)); 539 540 if (c1.ci_calls < c2.ci_calls) 541 return -1; 542 else if (c1.ci_calls == c2.ci_calls) 543 return (cmp_comm(c1.ci_comm, c2.ci_comm)); 544 else 545 return 1; 546 } 547