1.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 6.\" are met: 7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 12.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 13.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 14.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 15.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 16.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 17.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 18.\" without specific prior written permission. 19.\" 20.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 21.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 22.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 23.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 24.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 25.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 26.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 27.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 28.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 29.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 30.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 31.\" 32.\" @(#)vipw.8 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93 33.\" $FreeBSD: src/usr.sbin/vipw/vipw.8,v 1.7.2.4 2003/03/11 22:31:34 trhodes Exp $ 34.\" $DragonFly: src/usr.sbin/vipw/vipw.8,v 1.2 2003/06/17 04:30:04 dillon Exp $ 35.\" 36.Dd June 6, 1993 37.Dt VIPW 8 38.Os 39.Sh NAME 40.Nm vipw 41.Nd edit the password file 42.Sh SYNOPSIS 43.Nm 44.Op Fl d Ar directory 45.Sh DESCRIPTION 46The 47.Nm 48utility edits the password file after setting the appropriate locks, 49and does any necessary processing after the password file is unlocked. 50If the password file is already locked for editing by another user, 51.Nm 52will ask you 53to try again later. 54The default editor for 55.Nm 56is 57.Xr vi 1 . 58.Pp 59When run without options, 60.Nm 61will work with the password files in 62.Pa /etc . 63The 64.Fl d 65option may be used to specify an alternative 66.Ar directory 67to work with. 68.Pp 69The 70.Nm 71utility performs a number of consistency checks on the password entries, 72and will not allow a password file with a 73.Dq mangled 74entry to be 75installed. 76If 77.Nm 78rejects the new password file, the user is prompted to re-enter 79the edit session. 80.Pp 81Once the information has been verified, 82.Nm 83uses 84.Xr pwd_mkdb 8 85to update the user database. This is run in the background, and, 86at very large sites could take several minutes. Until this update 87is completed, the password file is unavailable for other updates 88and the new information is not available to programs. 89.Sh ENVIRONMENT 90If the following environment variable exists it will be utilized by 91.Nm : 92.Bl -tag -width PW_SCAN_BIG_IDS 93.It Ev EDITOR 94The editor specified by the string 95.Ev EDITOR 96will be invoked instead of the default editor 97.Xr vi 1 . 98.It Ev PW_SCAN_BIG_IDS 99See 100.Xr pwd_mkdb 8 . 101.El 102.Sh SEE ALSO 103.Xr chpass 1 , 104.Xr passwd 1 , 105.Xr passwd 5 , 106.Xr adduser 8 , 107.Xr pwd_mkdb 8 108.Sh HISTORY 109The 110.Nm 111utility appeared in 112.Bx 4.0 . 113