1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages 13and/or ports. 14 15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 14.x IS SLOW: 16 FreeBSD 14.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 17 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 18 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 19 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 20 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 21 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 22 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 23 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 24 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 25 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 26 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild 27 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality 28 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 29 3020230316: 31 Video related devices for some arm devices have been renamed. 32 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on 33 IMX6 board you need to add "device dwc_hdmi" "device imx6_hdmi" and 34 "device imx6_ipu" to it. 35 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on 36 TI AM335X board you need to add "device tda19988" to it. 37 If you add "device hdmi" in it you need to remove it as it doesn't 38 exist anymore. 39 4020230221: 41 Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4) 42 for details. 43 4420230206: 45 sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream. 46 Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add 47 `X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config. 48 4920230204: 50 Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default 51 to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4). 52 5320230130: 54 As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added 55 to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need 56 to complile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel. 57 5820230126: 59 The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base 60 system are now built unconditionally. 61 6220230113: 63 LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled. 64 Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change. 65 6620221212: 67 llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump. Previously there was 68 no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used. 69 70 Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to 71 GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU 72 objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package. 73 7420221205: 75 dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta. For people willing 76 to reenable sendmail(8): 77 78 $ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf 79 80 and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf. 81 8220221204: 83 hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by 84 default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach 85 the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying 86 the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one 87 needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set 88 the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false). 89 90 NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues 91 9220221122: 93 pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'. 94 These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as 95 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 96 9720221121: 98 The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed. When Clang is enabled 99 it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp). 100 10120221026: 102 Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended 103 for pkgbase users to do: 104 105 pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \ 106 FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch 107 108 after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously 109 installed. 110 11120220610: 112 LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version 113 before re-compiling to avoid errors. 114 11520211230: 116 The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND) 117 have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1. 118 Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to 119 be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to 120 reflect this change. 121 12220211214: 123 A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by 124 themselves. A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this. 125 12620211209: 127 Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of 128 mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in 129 the coming days and weeks. 130 131 This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build 132 or touch 133 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def 134 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def 135 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def 136 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def 137 before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to. 138 13920211202: 140 Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is 141 by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault 142 statement in unbound.conf: 143 local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault 144 145 Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice. 146 147 The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375: 148 Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured 149 using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way 150 to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer 151 belongs. Consequently, users may experience surprising results with 152 such names when roaming to different homenets. 153 15420211110: 155 Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so 156 that any of the included congestion control modules could be 157 the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno 158 was automatically built in through direct reference. As of 159 this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion 160 control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a 161 default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\"). 162 The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno 163 as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the 164 kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will 165 fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail. 166 16720211118: 168 Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the 169 tree shortly. 170 17120211106: 172 Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE. 173 The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out 174 of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE 175 may need to be modified. 176 17720211022: 178 The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed. 179 The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4) 180 support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option. 181 18220211020: 183 sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user. To force root to use 184 the csh shell, please run the following command as root: 185 186 # chsh -s csh 187 18820211004: 189 Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses 190 with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link 191 to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect 192 this change. 193 19420210923: 195 As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the 196 ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such 197 users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the 198 list of modules to load on their systems. 199 20020210922: 201 As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly 202 new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more 203 information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports: 204 audio/freebsd-13-mixer 205 20620210911: 207 As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has 208 been deleted from the nfscommon.ko. As such, nfsd.ko must be built 209 from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when 210 being loaded. 211 21220210817: 213 As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS 214 by default. Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL 215 option. This can be enabled globally by using a custom 216 OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an 217 application-specific configuration option for applications 218 which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3). 219 22020210811: 221 Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 222 modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources. 223 22420210730: 225 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl. 226 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean 227 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel 228 past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32. 229 23020210729: 231 As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer 232 change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the 233 MTU on all member interfaces instead. 234 23520210716: 236 Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon 237 and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources. 238 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change. 239 24020210715: 241 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has 242 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you 243 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new 244 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset 245 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is 246 to update your sources past the above hash and do 247 % cd usr.bin/awk 248 % make clean all 249 % sudo -E make install 250 to enable building kernels again. 251 25220210708: 253 Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 254 modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources. I did not 255 bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently. 256 25720210707: 258 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215. 259 This contains a number of minor bug fixes. 260 26120210624: 262 The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4 263 supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0, 264 for NFSv4 mounts. 265 The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default. 266 26720210618: 268 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes. 269 Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies 270 (mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI 271 additions and others. 272 27320210618: 274 The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been 275 renamed to "untrusted". 276 27720210611: 278 svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason 279 please install the svn package or port. 280 28120210611: 282 Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc 283 and nfsserver. As such, both modules must be rebuilt from 284 sources. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022. 285 28620210610: 287 The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD. 288 28920210608: 290 The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to 291 start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see 292https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html 293 for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The 294 short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally: 295 git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs 296 (assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd'). 297 29820210525: 299 Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI 300 which break drm-kmod. In addition various other additions where 301 committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to 302 detect this. 303 30420210513: 305 Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL 306 libraries and utilities are packaged. 307 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do: 308 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl 309 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met 310 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore 311 on the system. 312 31320210426: 314 Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between 315 the nfsd and nfscommon modules. As such these modules 316 need to be rebuilt from sources. 317 Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling 318 delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero 319 is not recommended. 320 32120210411: 322 Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between 323 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and 324 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources. 325 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not 326 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid 327 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs. 328 32920210330: 330 Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it 331 handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661. 332 Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects" 333 mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts. 334 33520210225: 336 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position 337 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be 338 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required. 339 34020210128: 341 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM. 342 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003 343 update. 344 34520210108: 346 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of 347 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only 348 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this 349 since it was bumped so recently. 350 35120210107: 352 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB 353 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of 354 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should 355 be updated with adding of "device hid" line. 356 35720210105: 358 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar 359 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it 360 requires a clean build. 361 36220201223: 363 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary 364 instructions can be found at 365 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md 366 and other documents in that repo. 367 36820201216: 369 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic 370 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough 371 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to 372 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154. 373 37420201215: 375 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb) 376 may be installed from ports or packages. 377 37820201124: 379 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6". 380 See ping(8) for details. 381 38220201108: 383 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0. 384 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all 385 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1. 386 38720201030: 388 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been 389 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else, 390 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements. 391 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line 392 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files. 393 39420201026: 395 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd, 396 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the 397 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After 398 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full 399 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't 400 find. 401 40220200923: 403 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES 404 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases. 405 find sys -name LINT\* -delete 406 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files. 407 408 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn 409 command you want to un-auger the tree is 410 cd sys/amd64/conf 411 svn revert -R . 412 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64' 413 above with where the error message indicates a conflict. 414 41520200824: 416 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until 417 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against 418 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent 419 unless you want to use new features. 420 421 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many 422 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without 423 rebuilding world may fail. 424 425 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS 426 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot. 427 428 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module 429 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by 430 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until 431 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files. 432 43320200824: 434 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system 435 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with 436 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but 437 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0. 438 43920200821: 440 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the 441 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from 442 sources. 443 44420200817: 445 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules. 446 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources. 447 44820200816: 449 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 450 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 451 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 452 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 453 45420200810: 455 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS 456 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt 457 from sources, so a version bump was done. 458 45920200807: 460 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in 461 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links 462 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries 463 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process. 464 46520200729: 466 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably, 467 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be 468 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in 469 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to 470 continue to function. 471 472 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error 473 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that 474 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether 475 successful or not) and run installworld once more. 476 47720200627: 478 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This 479 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc 480 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions, 481 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs 482 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further 483 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the 484 world with the previous versions of bc and dc. 485 48620200625: 487 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules. 488 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources. 489 49020200613: 491 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any 492 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt. 493 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt. 494 49520200604: 496 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may 497 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the 498 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if 499 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1. 500 501 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if 502 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and 503 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example 504 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and 505 /root/.shrc. 506 50720200523: 508 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 509 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 510 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 511 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 512 51320200512: 514 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system. 515 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions. 516 51720200424: 518 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a 519 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration, 520 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as 521 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not 522 be functional without closefrom(2). 523 52420200414: 525 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID 526 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present. 527 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and 528 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to 529 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to 530 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition. 531 53220200310: 533 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 534 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 535 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 536 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 537 53820200309: 539 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree. 540 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting. 541 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port. 542 54320200301: 544 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree. 545 54620200229: 547 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree 548 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and 549 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port. 550 55120200229: 552 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind 553 is used by all supported CPU architectures. 554 55520200229: 556 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC, 557 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available. 558 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain 559 ports or packages. 560 56120200220: 562 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI 563 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to 564 ncurses. 565 56620200217: 567 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed. 568 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE 569 together with their new kernel. 570 57120200212: 572 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB, 573 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update 574 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required. 575 576 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should 577 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no. 578 57920200108: 580 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default 581 linker for riscv64. 582 58320200107: 584 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures. 585 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an 586 external toolchain package. 587 58820200104: 589 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1 590 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX 591 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a 592 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options. 593 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31. 594 59520200102: 596 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The 597 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid. 598 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default 599 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7. 600 60120191226: 602 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures. 603 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64 604 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing 605 ABI. 606 60720191226: 608 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable. 609 61020191222: 611 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 612 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 613 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 614 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 615 61620191212: 617 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the 618 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded 619 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this. 620 62120191205: 622 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been 623 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8) 624 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package 625 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be 626 differences between those included in the port and those included in 627 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update 628 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the 629 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port. 630 63120191120: 632 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be 633 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available 634 for automounting. 635 63620191107: 637 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus. 638 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then 639 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers 640 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should 641 add superio to the set. 642 64320191021: 644 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed. 645 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel. 646 64720191021: 648 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of 649 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by 650 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open 651 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of 652 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not 653 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed 654 completely in the future. 655 65620191009: 657 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of 658 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If 659 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for 660 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe 661 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they 662 will be removed from the list. 663 66420191009: 665 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 666 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 667 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 668 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 669 67020191003: 671 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from 672 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding 673 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES", 674 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively. 675 67620190913: 677 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them 678 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore 679 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32" 680 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory. 681 68220190823: 683 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency 684 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your 685 scripts. See ping6(8) for details. 686 68720190727: 688 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls 689 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have 690 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from 691 your scripts, because they had no effect. 692 693 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize, 694 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable, 695 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate 696 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to 697 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why. 698 69920190713: 700 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it 701 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640 702 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be 703 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by 704 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the 705 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing 706 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700. 707 70820190620: 709 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional 710 components. The "device random" option has been removed. 711 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable 712 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko). 713 71420190612: 715 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 716 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 717 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 718 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 719 72020190608: 721 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with 722 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules 723 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load. 724 72520190513: 726 User-wired pages now have their own counter, 727 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed 728 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned 729 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user 730 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to 731 avoid running into the limit. 732 73320190507: 734 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring 735 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module. 736 73720190507: 738 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been 739 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or 740 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or 741 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap 742 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel 743 config files to select the tuntap device instead. 744 74520190418: 746 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between 747 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of 748 entropy: 749 750 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set 751 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to 752 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded. 753 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot 754 availability properties. 755 756 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding: 757 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and 758 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this 759 initial condition, if desired. 760 761 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding: 762 Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding. 763 764 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set 765 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are 766 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e., 767 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met. 768 76920190416: 770 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init() 771 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void) 772 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and 773 therefore unblocked). 774 77520190404: 776 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon 777 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and 778 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock" 779 is added to the command line. 780 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are 781 not affected and should continue to work. 782 78320190320: 784 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with 785 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in 786 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and 787 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files. 788 78920190304: 790 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 791 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 792 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 793 or higher. 794 79520190226: 796 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically 797 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the 798 kernel config. 799 80020190219: 801 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see 802 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on 803 migrating to the drm ports. 804 80520190131: 806 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers 807 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require 808 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as 809 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module 810 is loaded automatically. 811 81220190125: 813 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration 814 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively; 815 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom 816 kernel config files. 817 81820181230: 819 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add 820 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously 821 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now 822 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'. 823 82420181220: 825 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport 826 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4 827 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts 828 from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux 829 NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect 830 most NFSv4 mounts. 831 83220181219: 833 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this 834 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition 835 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32). 836 837 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is 838 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones. 839 840 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been 841 removed from the mips port. 842 84320181211: 844 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 845 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 846 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 847 or higher. 848 84920181211: 850 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting 851 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade. 852 85320181126: 854 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld 855 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as 856 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing 857 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package. 858 85920181123: 860 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has 861 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled 862 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN. 863 86420181115: 865 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue) 866 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from 867 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported 868 FreeBSD versions. 869 87020181110: 871 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include 872 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if 873 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'. 874 875 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match 876 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are 877 being included using the command: 878 $ newsyslog -Nrv 879 88020181015: 881 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should 882 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install 883 drm-legacy-kmod. 884 885 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with 886 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need 887 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older 888 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can 889 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the 890 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you 891 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use 892 that as you will get better support. 893 894 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined 895 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base 896 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package 897 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org. 898 899 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add 900 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty 901 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver 902 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current 903 shortly. 904 90520181012: 906 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence, 907 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated 908 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the 909 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must 910 be adjusted as necessary. 911 91220181009: 913 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included 914 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is 915 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value 916 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly. 917 91820181006: 919 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's 920 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5). 921 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5) 922 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly 923 encouraged. 924 92520181002: 926 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on 927 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or 928 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing 929 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the 930 nda device name. 931 93220180913: 933 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for 934 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user, 935 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree 936 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system. 937 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf 938 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD. 939 94020180826: 941 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been 942 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the 943 default since FreeBSD-11. 944 94520180822: 946 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been 947 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update 948 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time. 949 95020180818: 951 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua. 952 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default 953 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set 954 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in 955 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between 956 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default. 957 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi. 958 959 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved 960 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved. 961 96220180815: 963 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other 964 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both 965 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may 966 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your 967 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR 968 may not be observed in a future release. 969 97020180808: 971 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To 972 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in 973 your environment. 974 97520180731: 976 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality 977 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that 978 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts" 979 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed. 980 98120180730: 982 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default. 983 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot. 984 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system 985 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of 986 runtime services. 987 98820180727: 989 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale 990 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were 991 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years. 992 99320180723: 994 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the 995 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the 996 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel 997 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent. 998 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables. 999 100020180720: 1001 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader. 1002 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your 1003 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a 1004 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition 1005 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old 1006 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks). 1007 100820180719: 1009 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console 1010 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader 1011 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add : 1012 boot_serial=YES 1013 boot_multicons=YES 1014 in /boot/loader.conf 1015 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have 1016 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that 1017 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer. 1018 101920180719: 1020 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster 1021 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on 1022 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before 1023 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom 1024 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd 1025 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or 1026 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations. 1027 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can 1028 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after 1029 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible 1030 by the ntpd user. 1031 103220180717: 1033 Big endian arm support has been removed. 1034 103520180711: 1036 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually 1037 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to 1038 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8) 1039 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify 1040 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment. 1041 104220180705: 1043 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and 1044 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on 1045 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need 1046 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may 1047 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in 1048 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses. 1049 105020180702: 1051 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using 1052 atomics will need to be rebuilt. 1053 105420180701: 1055 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of 1056 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the 1057 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit 1058 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite 1059 only a core file with the highest index in a filename. 1060 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free 1061 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one. 1062 106320180630: 1064 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1065 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1066 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1067 or higher. 1068 106920180628: 1070 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf 1071 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763 1072 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed 1073 file. 1074 107520180612: 1076 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all 1077 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this. 1078 107920180530: 1080 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed 1081 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no 1082 longer necessary. 1083 108420180530: 1085 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll 1086 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding 1087 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will 1088 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch. 1089 109020180523: 1091 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include 1092 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets 1093 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel 1094 later than r334108. 1095 109620180517: 1097 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into 1098 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not 1099 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file 1100 it must be removed. 1101 110220180510: 1103 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a 1104 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default 1105 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However, 1106 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional 1107 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for 1108 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement 1109 will go away. 1110 1111 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no 1112 workaround is necessary. 1113 111420180508: 1115 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g 1116 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and 1117 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device 1118 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1119 112020180504: 1121 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more 1122 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as 1123 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and 1124 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only 1125 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag. 1126 112720180502: 1128 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and 1129 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel 1130 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device 1131 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1132 113320180501: 1134 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface 1135 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous 1136 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must 1137 be removed. 1138 113920180413: 1140 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device 1141 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be 1142 removed. 1143 114420180411: 1145 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device 1146 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be 1147 removed. 1148 114920180406: 1150 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the 1151 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted 1152 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients 1153 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers, 1154 microseconds and time zone offsets. 1155 1156 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to 1157 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging 1158 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no 1159 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are 1160 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system 1161 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration 1162 adjustments, depending on the software used. 1163 1164 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local 1165 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages: 1166 1167 source src { 1168 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol)); 1169 } 1170 1171 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option 1172 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the 1173 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline: 1174 1175 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off") 1176 1177 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local 1178 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to 1179 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems 1180 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these 1181 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the 1182 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are 1183 thus expected to continue to function as before. 1184 1185 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this 1186 change. 1187 118820180328: 1189 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you 1190 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove 1191 it. No device drivers supported token ring. 1192 119320180323: 1194 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog 1195 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously. 1196 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for 1197 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be 1198 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This 1199 should be as simple as: 1200 1201 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs 1202 $ make depend all install 1203 120420180212: 1205 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for 1206 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf. 1207 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a 1208 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been 1209 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make 1210 provisions for backup boot methods. 1211 121220180211: 1213 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically 1214 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers 1215 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and 1216 imp@freebsd.org. 1217 121820180114: 1219 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1220 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1221 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1222 or higher. 1223 122420180110: 1225 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker. 1226 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and 1227 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default. 1228 1229 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set 1230 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes 1231 123220180110: 1233 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded 1234 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was 1235 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to 1236 remove it from kernel config files. 1237 123820180104: 1239 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 1240 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 1241 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 1242 1243 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 1244 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 1245 124620180102: 1247 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 1248 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 1249 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 1250 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 1251 125220171215: 1253 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry. 1254 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always. 1255 125620171214: 1257 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However, 1258 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off 1259 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or 1260 GELI, it might not be a good time to update. 1261 126220171125: 1263 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before 1264 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has 1265 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed 1266 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their 1267 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting. 1268 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue. 1269 127020171110: 1271 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to 1272 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 1273 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 1274 127520171106: 1276 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS 1277 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL 1278 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the 1279 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it. 1280 One known victim is lld prior to r325420. 1281 128220171102: 1283 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object 1284 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if 1285 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary. 1286 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in 1287 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the 1288 environment. 1289 129020171101: 1291 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native 1292 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified 1293 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old 1294 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf, 1295 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building. 1296 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be 1297 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any 1298 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather 1299 than hardcoding paths. 1300 130120171028: 1302 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the 1303 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install 1304 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin. 1305 130620171021: 1307 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT 1308 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined 1309 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will 1310 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system. 1311 131220171010: 1313 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only. 1314 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot. 1315 131620171005: 1317 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now 1318 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system 1319 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add 1320 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build. 1321 132220171003: 1323 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 1324 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 1325 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 1326 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 1327 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 1328 132920170912: 1330 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will 1331 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel 1332 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who 1333 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in 1334 /etc/ctl.conf . 1335 133620170912: 1337 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point 1338 binaries now always get their shared libraries from 1339 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if 1340 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but 1341 soft-float everything else should be affected. 1342 134320170826: 1344 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 1345 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 1346 134720170825: 1348 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare 1349 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel 1350 to complete. 1351 135220170814: 1353 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to 1354 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from 1355 ${TESTSDIR}. 1356 1357 Behavioral changes: 1358 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified. 1359 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed. 1360 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting 1361 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment. 1362 1363 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute 1364 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the 1365 sandbox if successful. 1366 1367 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as 1368 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time. 1369 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the 1370 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using 1371 an unprivileged user. 1372 137320170808: 1374 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 1375 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297, 1376 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 1377 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 1378 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 1379 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 1380 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 1381 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 1382 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 1383 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 1384 to which you should answer yes. 1385 138620170728: 1387 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services 1388 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in 1389 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable 1390 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the 1391 machine's /etc/rc.conf file. 1392 139320170722: 1394 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 1395 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1396 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1397 139820170701: 1399 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the 1400 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system. 1401 140220170625: 1403 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 1404 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 1405 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 1406 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 1407 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 1408 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 1409 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 1410 141120170623: 1412 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 1413 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 1414 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 1415 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 1416 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 1417 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 1418 141920170620: 1420 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 1421 if you require the GPL compiler. 1422 142320170618: 1424 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 1425 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1426 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 1427 142820170617: 1429 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 1430 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 1431 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 1432 followed. 1433 143420170531: 1435 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 1436 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 1437 from ports (and recommends to install it). 1438 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 1439 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 1440 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 1441 144220170524: 1443 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 1444 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 1445 which only require one chipset support. 1446 1447 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 1448 1449 if_ath_load="YES" 1450 1451 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 1452 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 1453 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 1454 1455 If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS 1456 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 1457 1458 * load ath_hal 1459 * load the chip modules in question 1460 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 1461 * load ath_main 1462 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 1463 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 1464 1465 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 1466 146720170523: 1468 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 1469 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 1470 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 1471 1472 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 1473 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 1474 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 1475 1476 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 1477 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full 1478 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and 1479 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required 1480 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an 1481 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting 1482 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this 1483 upgrade and installworld from single user is required. 1484 148520170424: 1486 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 1487 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 1488 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 1489 149020170420: 1491 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 1492 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 1493 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 1494 149520170413: 1496 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 1497 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 1498 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 1499 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 1500 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 1501 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 1502 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 1503 150420170407: 1505 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 1506 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 1507 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 1508 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 1509 151020170405: 1511 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 1512 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 1513 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 1514 151520170331: 1516 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 1517 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 1518 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 1519 152020170329: 1521 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 1522 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 1523 1524 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 1525 via one of the following methods: 1526 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 1527 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 1528 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 1529 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 1530 1531 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 1532 153320170316: 1534 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 1535 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 1536 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 1537 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 1538 with mmc.ko). 1539 154020170315: 1541 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 1542 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 1543 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 1544 be prefixed with colon. 1545 154620170311: 1547 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 1548 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 1549 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 1550 155120170302: 1552 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 1553 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1554 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1555 155620170221: 1557 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 1558 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 1559 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 1560 change. 1561 156220170216: 1563 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 1564 valid. 1565 156620170215: 1567 MCA bus support has been removed. 1568 156920170127: 1570 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 1571 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 1572 157320170112: 1574 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 1575 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 1576 157720170109: 1578 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 1579 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 1580 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom 1581 configuration. 1582 158320161217: 1584 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 1585 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1586 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1587 158820161124: 1589 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 1590 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1591 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1592 159320161119: 1594 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 1595 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 1596 that link against it need to be recompiled. 1597 159820161030: 1599 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 1600 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 1601 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 1602 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 1603 160420161017: 1605 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 1606 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 1607 parts. 1608 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 1609 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 1610 161120161015: 1612 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 1613 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1614 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 1615 removed from base. 1616 161720161008: 1618 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 1619 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 1620 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 1621 162220161003: 1623 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 1624 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 1625 162620160924: 1627 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 1628 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 1629 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 1630 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 1631 163220160918: 1633 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 1634 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 1635 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 1636 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1637 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 1638 163920160918: 1640 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 1641 164220160908: 1643 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 1644 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 1645 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 1646 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 1647 164820160824: 1649 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 1650 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 1651 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 1652 to 1200005. 1653 165420160818: 1655 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 1656 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 1657 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 1658 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 1659 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 1660 0. 1661 166220160818: 1663 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 1664 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 1665 166620160708: 1667 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406. 1668 1669After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed 1670from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15, 1671entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's 1672UPDATING file. 1673 1674COMMON ITEMS: 1675 1676 General Notes 1677 ------------- 1678 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1679 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1680 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1681 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1682 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1683 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race 1684 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please 1685 report a bug if it happens consistently. 1686 1687 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 1688 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 1689 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 1690 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 1691 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 1692 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from 1693 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 1694 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 1695 an exception. 1696 1697 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build 1698 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version. 1699 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one 1700 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each 1701 step. 1702 1703 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1704 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1705 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1706 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1707 1708 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 1709 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 1710 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 1711 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 1712 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 1713 should write them with this in mind. 1714 1715 ZFS notes 1716 --------- 1717 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade), 1718 always follow these three steps: 1719 1720 1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1721 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1722 1723 2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when 1724 doing a zpool upgrade): 1725 1726 When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot 1727 block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 1728 gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0 1729 The value $N will typically be 1. For EFI booting, see EFI notes. 1730 1731 3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old 1732 pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any 1733 zpool upgrade. 1734 1735 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1736 1737 EFI notes 1738 --------- 1739 1740 There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The 1741 current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using 1742 efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on 1743 deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the 1744 fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy 1745 /boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time 1746 ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless 1747 the ESP has been expanded in the meantime. 1748 1749 Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones 1750 may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different 1751 location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the 1752 mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem. 1753 1754 The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting, 1755 however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the 1756 root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool 1757 since it does not automatically understand some new features. 1758 1759 See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details. 1760 1761 To build a kernel 1762 ----------------- 1763 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1764 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1765 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1766 1767 make kernel-toolchain 1768 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1769 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1770 1771 To test a kernel once 1772 --------------------- 1773 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1774 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1775 debugging information) run 1776 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1777 nextboot -k testkernel 1778 1779 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1780 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1781 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1782 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1783 1784 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1785 make buildworld 1786 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1787 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1788 [1] 1789 <reboot in single user> [3] 1790 etcupdate -p [5] 1791 make installworld 1792 etcupdate -B [4] 1793 make delete-old [6] 1794 <reboot> 1795 1796 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1797 -------------------------------------------------- 1798 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1799 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1800 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1801 # size. 1802 1803 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1804 <boot into -stable> 1805 make buildworld 1806 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1807 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1808 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1809 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 1810 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1811 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1812 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1813 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1814 <reboot into current> 1815 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1816 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1817 <reboot> 1818 1819 1820 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1821 ---------------------------------------------- 1822 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1823 make buildworld [9] 1824 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1825 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1826 [1] 1827 <reboot in single user> [3] 1828 etcupdate -p [5] 1829 make installworld 1830 etcupdate -B [4] 1831 make delete-old [6] 1832 <reboot> 1833 1834 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1835 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1836 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1837 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1838 the UPDATING entries. 1839 1840 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1841 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1842 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1843 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1844 much fewer pitfalls. 1845 1846 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable 1847 them at this point so they don't crash your system on 1848 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in 1849 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you 1850 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for 1851 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this 1852 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding 1853 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic 1854 and effective, eg: 1855 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver 1856 1857 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1858 fsck -p 1859 mount -u / 1860 mount -a 1861 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed 1862 cd src # full path to source 1863 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1864 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot 1865 into single user mode to do the installworld. 1866 1867 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1868 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1869 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1870 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1871 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1872 for potential gotchas. See etcupdate(8) for more information. 1873 1874 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time 1875 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1876 step. 1877 1878 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1879 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1880 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1881 1882 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an 1883 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's 1884 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for 1885 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure 1886 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A 1887 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run 1888 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries 1889 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed. 1890 1891 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1892 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also 1893 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels 1894 for these as well. 1895 1896 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1897 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1898 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1899 1900 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1901 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1902 warn if it is improperly defined. 1903FORMAT: 1904 1905This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1906breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1907list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 1908If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1909to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1910 1911Copyright information: 1912 1913Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org> 1914 1915Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1916modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1917document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1918 1919THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1920IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1921WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1922DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1923INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1924(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1925SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1926HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1927STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1928IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1929POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1930 1931Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1932this document. 1933 1934$FreeBSD$ 1935