1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages 13and/or ports. 14 15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 14.x IS SLOW: 16 FreeBSD 14.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 17 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 18 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 19 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 20 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 21 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 22 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 23 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 24 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 25 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 26 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild 27 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality 28 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 29 3020230206: 31 sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream. 32 Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add 33 `X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config. 34 3520230130: 36 As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added 37 to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need 38 to complile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel. 39 4020230126: 41 The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base 42 system are now built unconditionally. 43 4420230113: 45 LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled. 46 Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change. 47 4820221212: 49 llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump. Previously there was 50 no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used. 51 52 Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to 53 GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU 54 objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package. 55 5620221205: 57 dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta. For people willing 58 to reenable sendmail(8): 59 60 $ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf 61 62 and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf. 63 6420221204: 65 hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by 66 default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach 67 the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying 68 the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one 69 needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set 70 the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false). 71 72 NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues 73 7420221122: 75 pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'. 76 These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as 77 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 78 7920221121: 80 The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed. When Clang is enabled 81 it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp). 82 8320221026: 84 Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended 85 for pkgbase users to do: 86 87 pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \ 88 FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch 89 90 after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously 91 installed. 92 9320220610: 94 LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version 95 before re-compiling to avoid errors. 96 9720211230: 98 The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND) 99 have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1. 100 Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to 101 be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to 102 reflect this change. 103 10420211214: 105 A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by 106 themselves. A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this. 107 10820211209: 109 Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of 110 mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in 111 the coming days and weeks. 112 113 This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build 114 or touch 115 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def 116 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def 117 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def 118 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def 119 before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to. 120 12120211202: 122 Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is 123 by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault 124 statement in unbound.conf: 125 local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault 126 127 Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice. 128 129 The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375: 130 Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured 131 using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way 132 to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer 133 belongs. Consequently, users may experience surprising results with 134 such names when roaming to different homenets. 135 13620211110: 137 Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so 138 that any of the included congestion control modules could be 139 the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno 140 was automatically built in through direct reference. As of 141 this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion 142 control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a 143 default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\"). 144 The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno 145 as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the 146 kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will 147 fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail. 148 14920211118: 150 Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the 151 tree shortly. 152 15320211106: 154 Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE. 155 The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out 156 of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE 157 may need to be modified. 158 15920211022: 160 The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed. 161 The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4) 162 support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option. 163 16420211020: 165 sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user. To force root to use 166 the csh shell, please run the following command as root: 167 168 # chsh -s csh 169 17020211004: 171 Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses 172 with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link 173 to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect 174 this change. 175 17620210923: 177 As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the 178 ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such 179 users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the 180 list of modules to load on their systems. 181 18220210922: 183 As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly 184 new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more 185 information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports: 186 audio/freebsd-13-mixer 187 18820210911: 189 As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has 190 been deleted from the nfscommon.ko. As such, nfsd.ko must be built 191 from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when 192 being loaded. 193 19420210817: 195 As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS 196 by default. Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL 197 option. This can be enabled globally by using a custom 198 OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an 199 application-specific configuration option for applications 200 which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3). 201 20220210811: 203 Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 204 modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources. 205 20620210730: 207 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl. 208 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean 209 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel 210 past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32. 211 21220210729: 213 As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer 214 change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the 215 MTU on all member interfaces instead. 216 21720210716: 218 Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon 219 and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources. 220 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change. 221 22220210715: 223 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has 224 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you 225 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new 226 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset 227 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is 228 to update your sources past the above hash and do 229 % cd usr.bin/awk 230 % make clean all 231 % sudo -E make install 232 to enable building kernels again. 233 23420210708: 235 Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 236 modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources. I did not 237 bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently. 238 23920210707: 240 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215. 241 This contains a number of minor bug fixes. 242 24320210624: 244 The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4 245 supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0, 246 for NFSv4 mounts. 247 The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default. 248 24920210618: 250 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes. 251 Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies 252 (mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI 253 additions and others. 254 25520210618: 256 The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been 257 renamed to "untrusted". 258 25920210611: 260 svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason 261 please install the svn package or port. 262 26320210611: 264 Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc 265 and nfsserver. As such, both modules must be rebuilt from 266 sources. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022. 267 26820210610: 269 The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD. 270 27120210608: 272 The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to 273 start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see 274https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html 275 for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The 276 short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally: 277 git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs 278 (assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd'). 279 28020210525: 281 Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI 282 which break drm-kmod. In addition various other additions where 283 committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to 284 detect this. 285 28620210513: 287 Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL 288 libraries and utilities are packaged. 289 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do: 290 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl 291 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met 292 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore 293 on the system. 294 29520210426: 296 Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between 297 the nfsd and nfscommon modules. As such these modules 298 need to be rebuilt from sources. 299 Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling 300 delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero 301 is not recommended. 302 30320210411: 304 Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between 305 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and 306 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources. 307 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not 308 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid 309 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs. 310 31120210330: 312 Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it 313 handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661. 314 Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects" 315 mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts. 316 31720210225: 318 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position 319 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be 320 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required. 321 32220210128: 323 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM. 324 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003 325 update. 326 32720210108: 328 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of 329 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only 330 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this 331 since it was bumped so recently. 332 33320210107: 334 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB 335 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of 336 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should 337 be updated with adding of "device hid" line. 338 33920210105: 340 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar 341 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it 342 requires a clean build. 343 34420201223: 345 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary 346 instructions can be found at 347 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md 348 and other documents in that repo. 349 35020201216: 351 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic 352 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough 353 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to 354 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154. 355 35620201215: 357 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb) 358 may be installed from ports or packages. 359 36020201124: 361 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6". 362 See ping(8) for details. 363 36420201108: 365 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0. 366 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all 367 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1. 368 36920201030: 370 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been 371 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else, 372 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements. 373 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line 374 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files. 375 37620201026: 377 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd, 378 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the 379 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After 380 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full 381 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't 382 find. 383 38420200923: 385 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES 386 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases. 387 find sys -name LINT\* -delete 388 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files. 389 390 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn 391 command you want to un-auger the tree is 392 cd sys/amd64/conf 393 svn revert -R . 394 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64' 395 above with where the error message indicates a conflict. 396 39720200824: 398 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until 399 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against 400 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent 401 unless you want to use new features. 402 403 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many 404 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without 405 rebuilding world may fail. 406 407 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS 408 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot. 409 410 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module 411 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by 412 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until 413 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files. 414 41520200824: 416 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system 417 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with 418 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but 419 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0. 420 42120200821: 422 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the 423 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from 424 sources. 425 42620200817: 427 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules. 428 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources. 429 43020200816: 431 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 432 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 433 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 434 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 435 43620200810: 437 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS 438 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt 439 from sources, so a version bump was done. 440 44120200807: 442 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in 443 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links 444 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries 445 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process. 446 44720200729: 448 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably, 449 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be 450 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in 451 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to 452 continue to function. 453 454 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error 455 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that 456 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether 457 successful or not) and run installworld once more. 458 45920200627: 460 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This 461 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc 462 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions, 463 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs 464 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further 465 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the 466 world with the previous versions of bc and dc. 467 46820200625: 469 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules. 470 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources. 471 47220200613: 473 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any 474 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt. 475 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt. 476 47720200604: 478 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may 479 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the 480 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if 481 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1. 482 483 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if 484 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and 485 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example 486 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and 487 /root/.shrc. 488 48920200523: 490 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 491 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 492 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 493 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 494 49520200512: 496 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system. 497 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions. 498 49920200424: 500 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a 501 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration, 502 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as 503 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not 504 be functional without closefrom(2). 505 50620200414: 507 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID 508 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present. 509 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and 510 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to 511 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to 512 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition. 513 51420200310: 515 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 516 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 517 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 518 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 519 52020200309: 521 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree. 522 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting. 523 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port. 524 52520200301: 526 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree. 527 52820200229: 529 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree 530 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and 531 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port. 532 53320200229: 534 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind 535 is used by all supported CPU architectures. 536 53720200229: 538 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC, 539 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available. 540 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain 541 ports or packages. 542 54320200220: 544 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI 545 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to 546 ncurses. 547 54820200217: 549 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed. 550 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE 551 together with their new kernel. 552 55320200212: 554 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB, 555 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update 556 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required. 557 558 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should 559 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no. 560 56120200108: 562 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default 563 linker for riscv64. 564 56520200107: 566 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures. 567 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an 568 external toolchain package. 569 57020200104: 571 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1 572 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX 573 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a 574 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options. 575 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31. 576 57720200102: 578 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The 579 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid. 580 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default 581 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7. 582 58320191226: 584 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures. 585 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64 586 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing 587 ABI. 588 58920191226: 590 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable. 591 59220191222: 593 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 594 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 595 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 596 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 597 59820191212: 599 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the 600 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded 601 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this. 602 60320191205: 604 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been 605 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8) 606 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package 607 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be 608 differences between those included in the port and those included in 609 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update 610 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the 611 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port. 612 61320191120: 614 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be 615 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available 616 for automounting. 617 61820191107: 619 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus. 620 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then 621 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers 622 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should 623 add superio to the set. 624 62520191021: 626 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed. 627 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel. 628 62920191021: 630 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of 631 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by 632 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open 633 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of 634 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not 635 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed 636 completely in the future. 637 63820191009: 639 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of 640 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If 641 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for 642 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe 643 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they 644 will be removed from the list. 645 64620191009: 647 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 648 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 649 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 650 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 651 65220191003: 653 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from 654 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding 655 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES", 656 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively. 657 65820190913: 659 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them 660 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore 661 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32" 662 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory. 663 66420190823: 665 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency 666 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your 667 scripts. See ping6(8) for details. 668 66920190727: 670 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls 671 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have 672 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from 673 your scripts, because they had no effect. 674 675 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize, 676 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable, 677 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate 678 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to 679 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why. 680 68120190713: 682 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it 683 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640 684 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be 685 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by 686 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the 687 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing 688 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700. 689 69020190620: 691 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional 692 components. The "device random" option has been removed. 693 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable 694 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko). 695 69620190612: 697 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 698 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 699 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 700 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 701 70220190608: 703 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with 704 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules 705 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load. 706 70720190513: 708 User-wired pages now have their own counter, 709 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed 710 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned 711 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user 712 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to 713 avoid running into the limit. 714 71520190507: 716 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring 717 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module. 718 71920190507: 720 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been 721 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or 722 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or 723 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap 724 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel 725 config files to select the tuntap device instead. 726 72720190418: 728 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between 729 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of 730 entropy: 731 732 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set 733 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to 734 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded. 735 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot 736 availability properties. 737 738 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding: 739 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and 740 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this 741 initial condition, if desired. 742 743 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding: 744 Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding. 745 746 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set 747 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are 748 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e., 749 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met. 750 75120190416: 752 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init() 753 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void) 754 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and 755 therefore unblocked). 756 75720190404: 758 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon 759 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and 760 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock" 761 is added to the command line. 762 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are 763 not affected and should continue to work. 764 76520190320: 766 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with 767 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in 768 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and 769 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files. 770 77120190304: 772 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 773 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 774 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 775 or higher. 776 77720190226: 778 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically 779 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the 780 kernel config. 781 78220190219: 783 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see 784 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on 785 migrating to the drm ports. 786 78720190131: 788 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers 789 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require 790 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as 791 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module 792 is loaded automatically. 793 79420190125: 795 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration 796 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively; 797 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom 798 kernel config files. 799 80020181230: 801 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add 802 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously 803 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now 804 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'. 805 80620181220: 807 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport 808 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4 809 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts 810 from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux 811 NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect 812 most NFSv4 mounts. 813 81420181219: 815 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this 816 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition 817 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32). 818 819 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is 820 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones. 821 822 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been 823 removed from the mips port. 824 82520181211: 826 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 827 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 828 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 829 or higher. 830 83120181211: 832 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting 833 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade. 834 83520181126: 836 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld 837 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as 838 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing 839 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package. 840 84120181123: 842 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has 843 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled 844 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN. 845 84620181115: 847 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue) 848 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from 849 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported 850 FreeBSD versions. 851 85220181110: 853 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include 854 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if 855 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'. 856 857 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match 858 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are 859 being included using the command: 860 $ newsyslog -Nrv 861 86220181015: 863 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should 864 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install 865 drm-legacy-kmod. 866 867 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with 868 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need 869 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older 870 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can 871 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the 872 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you 873 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use 874 that as you will get better support. 875 876 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined 877 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base 878 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package 879 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org. 880 881 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add 882 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty 883 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver 884 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current 885 shortly. 886 88720181012: 888 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence, 889 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated 890 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the 891 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must 892 be adjusted as necessary. 893 89420181009: 895 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included 896 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is 897 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value 898 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly. 899 90020181006: 901 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's 902 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5). 903 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5) 904 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly 905 encouraged. 906 90720181002: 908 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on 909 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or 910 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing 911 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the 912 nda device name. 913 91420180913: 915 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for 916 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user, 917 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree 918 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system. 919 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf 920 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD. 921 92220180826: 923 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been 924 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the 925 default since FreeBSD-11. 926 92720180822: 928 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been 929 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update 930 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time. 931 93220180818: 933 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua. 934 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default 935 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set 936 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in 937 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between 938 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default. 939 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi. 940 941 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved 942 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved. 943 94420180815: 945 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other 946 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both 947 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may 948 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your 949 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR 950 may not be observed in a future release. 951 95220180808: 953 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To 954 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in 955 your environment. 956 95720180731: 958 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality 959 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that 960 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts" 961 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed. 962 96320180730: 964 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default. 965 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot. 966 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system 967 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of 968 runtime services. 969 97020180727: 971 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale 972 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were 973 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years. 974 97520180723: 976 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the 977 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the 978 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel 979 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent. 980 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables. 981 98220180720: 983 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader. 984 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your 985 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a 986 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition 987 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old 988 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks). 989 99020180719: 991 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console 992 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader 993 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add : 994 boot_serial=YES 995 boot_multicons=YES 996 in /boot/loader.conf 997 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have 998 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that 999 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer. 1000 100120180719: 1002 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster 1003 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on 1004 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before 1005 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom 1006 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd 1007 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or 1008 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations. 1009 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can 1010 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after 1011 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible 1012 by the ntpd user. 1013 101420180717: 1015 Big endian arm support has been removed. 1016 101720180711: 1018 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually 1019 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to 1020 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8) 1021 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify 1022 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment. 1023 102420180705: 1025 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and 1026 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on 1027 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need 1028 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may 1029 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in 1030 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses. 1031 103220180702: 1033 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using 1034 atomics will need to be rebuilt. 1035 103620180701: 1037 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of 1038 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the 1039 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit 1040 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite 1041 only a core file with the highest index in a filename. 1042 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free 1043 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one. 1044 104520180630: 1046 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1047 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1048 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1049 or higher. 1050 105120180628: 1052 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf 1053 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763 1054 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed 1055 file. 1056 105720180612: 1058 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all 1059 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this. 1060 106120180530: 1062 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed 1063 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no 1064 longer necessary. 1065 106620180530: 1067 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll 1068 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding 1069 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will 1070 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch. 1071 107220180523: 1073 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include 1074 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets 1075 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel 1076 later than r334108. 1077 107820180517: 1079 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into 1080 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not 1081 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file 1082 it must be removed. 1083 108420180510: 1085 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a 1086 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default 1087 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However, 1088 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional 1089 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for 1090 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement 1091 will go away. 1092 1093 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no 1094 workaround is necessary. 1095 109620180508: 1097 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g 1098 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and 1099 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device 1100 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1101 110220180504: 1103 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more 1104 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as 1105 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and 1106 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only 1107 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag. 1108 110920180502: 1110 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and 1111 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel 1112 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device 1113 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1114 111520180501: 1116 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface 1117 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous 1118 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must 1119 be removed. 1120 112120180413: 1122 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device 1123 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be 1124 removed. 1125 112620180411: 1127 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device 1128 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be 1129 removed. 1130 113120180406: 1132 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the 1133 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted 1134 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients 1135 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers, 1136 microseconds and time zone offsets. 1137 1138 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to 1139 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging 1140 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no 1141 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are 1142 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system 1143 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration 1144 adjustments, depending on the software used. 1145 1146 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local 1147 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages: 1148 1149 source src { 1150 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol)); 1151 } 1152 1153 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option 1154 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the 1155 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline: 1156 1157 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off") 1158 1159 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local 1160 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to 1161 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems 1162 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these 1163 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the 1164 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are 1165 thus expected to continue to function as before. 1166 1167 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this 1168 change. 1169 117020180328: 1171 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you 1172 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove 1173 it. No device drivers supported token ring. 1174 117520180323: 1176 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog 1177 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously. 1178 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for 1179 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be 1180 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This 1181 should be as simple as: 1182 1183 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs 1184 $ make depend all install 1185 118620180212: 1187 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for 1188 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf. 1189 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a 1190 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been 1191 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make 1192 provisions for backup boot methods. 1193 119420180211: 1195 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically 1196 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers 1197 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and 1198 imp@freebsd.org. 1199 120020180114: 1201 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1202 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1203 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1204 or higher. 1205 120620180110: 1207 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker. 1208 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and 1209 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default. 1210 1211 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set 1212 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes 1213 121420180110: 1215 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded 1216 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was 1217 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to 1218 remove it from kernel config files. 1219 122020180104: 1221 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 1222 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 1223 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 1224 1225 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 1226 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 1227 122820180102: 1229 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 1230 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 1231 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 1232 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 1233 123420171215: 1235 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry. 1236 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always. 1237 123820171214: 1239 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However, 1240 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off 1241 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or 1242 GELI, it might not be a good time to update. 1243 124420171125: 1245 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before 1246 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has 1247 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed 1248 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their 1249 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting. 1250 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue. 1251 125220171110: 1253 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to 1254 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 1255 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 1256 125720171106: 1258 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS 1259 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL 1260 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the 1261 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it. 1262 One known victim is lld prior to r325420. 1263 126420171102: 1265 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object 1266 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if 1267 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary. 1268 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in 1269 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the 1270 environment. 1271 127220171101: 1273 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native 1274 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified 1275 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old 1276 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf, 1277 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building. 1278 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be 1279 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any 1280 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather 1281 than hardcoding paths. 1282 128320171028: 1284 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the 1285 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install 1286 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin. 1287 128820171021: 1289 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT 1290 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined 1291 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will 1292 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system. 1293 129420171010: 1295 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only. 1296 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot. 1297 129820171005: 1299 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now 1300 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system 1301 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add 1302 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build. 1303 130420171003: 1305 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 1306 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 1307 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 1308 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 1309 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 1310 131120170912: 1312 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will 1313 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel 1314 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who 1315 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in 1316 /etc/ctl.conf . 1317 131820170912: 1319 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point 1320 binaries now always get their shared libraries from 1321 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if 1322 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but 1323 soft-float everything else should be affected. 1324 132520170826: 1326 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 1327 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 1328 132920170825: 1330 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare 1331 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel 1332 to complete. 1333 133420170814: 1335 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to 1336 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from 1337 ${TESTSDIR}. 1338 1339 Behavioral changes: 1340 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified. 1341 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed. 1342 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting 1343 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment. 1344 1345 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute 1346 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the 1347 sandbox if successful. 1348 1349 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as 1350 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time. 1351 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the 1352 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using 1353 an unprivileged user. 1354 135520170808: 1356 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 1357 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297, 1358 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 1359 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 1360 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 1361 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 1362 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 1363 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 1364 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 1365 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 1366 to which you should answer yes. 1367 136820170728: 1369 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services 1370 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in 1371 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable 1372 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the 1373 machine's /etc/rc.conf file. 1374 137520170722: 1376 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 1377 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1378 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1379 138020170701: 1381 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the 1382 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system. 1383 138420170625: 1385 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 1386 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 1387 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 1388 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 1389 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 1390 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 1391 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 1392 139320170623: 1394 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 1395 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 1396 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 1397 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 1398 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 1399 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 1400 140120170620: 1402 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 1403 if you require the GPL compiler. 1404 140520170618: 1406 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 1407 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1408 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 1409 141020170617: 1411 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 1412 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 1413 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 1414 followed. 1415 141620170531: 1417 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 1418 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 1419 from ports (and recommends to install it). 1420 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 1421 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 1422 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 1423 142420170524: 1425 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 1426 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 1427 which only require one chipset support. 1428 1429 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 1430 1431 if_ath_load="YES" 1432 1433 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 1434 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 1435 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 1436 1437 If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS 1438 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 1439 1440 * load ath_hal 1441 * load the chip modules in question 1442 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 1443 * load ath_main 1444 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 1445 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 1446 1447 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 1448 144920170523: 1450 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 1451 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 1452 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 1453 1454 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 1455 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 1456 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 1457 1458 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 1459 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full 1460 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and 1461 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required 1462 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an 1463 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting 1464 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this 1465 upgrade and installworld from single user is required. 1466 146720170424: 1468 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 1469 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 1470 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 1471 147220170420: 1473 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 1474 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 1475 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 1476 147720170413: 1478 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 1479 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 1480 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 1481 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 1482 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 1483 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 1484 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 1485 148620170407: 1487 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 1488 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 1489 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 1490 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 1491 149220170405: 1493 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 1494 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 1495 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 1496 149720170331: 1498 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 1499 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 1500 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 1501 150220170329: 1503 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 1504 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 1505 1506 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 1507 via one of the following methods: 1508 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 1509 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 1510 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 1511 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 1512 1513 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 1514 151520170316: 1516 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 1517 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 1518 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 1519 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 1520 with mmc.ko). 1521 152220170315: 1523 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 1524 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 1525 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 1526 be prefixed with colon. 1527 152820170311: 1529 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 1530 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 1531 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 1532 153320170302: 1534 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 1535 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1536 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1537 153820170221: 1539 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 1540 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 1541 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 1542 change. 1543 154420170216: 1545 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 1546 valid. 1547 154820170215: 1549 MCA bus support has been removed. 1550 155120170127: 1552 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 1553 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 1554 155520170112: 1556 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 1557 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 1558 155920170109: 1560 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 1561 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 1562 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom 1563 configuration. 1564 156520161217: 1566 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 1567 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1568 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1569 157020161124: 1571 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 1572 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1573 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1574 157520161119: 1576 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 1577 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 1578 that link against it need to be recompiled. 1579 158020161030: 1581 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 1582 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 1583 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 1584 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 1585 158620161017: 1587 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 1588 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 1589 parts. 1590 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 1591 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 1592 159320161015: 1594 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 1595 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1596 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 1597 removed from base. 1598 159920161008: 1600 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 1601 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 1602 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 1603 160420161003: 1605 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 1606 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 1607 160820160924: 1609 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 1610 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 1611 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 1612 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 1613 161420160918: 1615 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 1616 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 1617 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 1618 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1619 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 1620 162120160918: 1622 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 1623 162420160908: 1625 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 1626 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 1627 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 1628 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 1629 163020160824: 1631 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 1632 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 1633 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 1634 to 1200005. 1635 163620160818: 1637 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 1638 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 1639 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 1640 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 1641 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 1642 0. 1643 164420160818: 1645 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 1646 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 1647 164820160708: 1649 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406. 1650 1651After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed 1652from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15, 1653entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's 1654UPDATING file. 1655 1656COMMON ITEMS: 1657 1658 General Notes 1659 ------------- 1660 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1661 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1662 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1663 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1664 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1665 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race 1666 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please 1667 report a bug if it happens consistently. 1668 1669 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 1670 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 1671 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 1672 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 1673 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 1674 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from 1675 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 1676 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 1677 an exception. 1678 1679 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build 1680 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version. 1681 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one 1682 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each 1683 step. 1684 1685 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1686 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1687 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1688 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1689 1690 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 1691 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 1692 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 1693 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 1694 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 1695 should write them with this in mind. 1696 1697 ZFS notes 1698 --------- 1699 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade), 1700 always follow these three steps: 1701 1702 1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1703 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1704 1705 2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when 1706 doing a zpool upgrade): 1707 1708 When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot 1709 block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 1710 gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0 1711 The value $N will typically be 1. For EFI booting, see EFI notes. 1712 1713 3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old 1714 pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any 1715 zpool upgrade. 1716 1717 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1718 1719 EFI notes 1720 --------- 1721 1722 There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The 1723 current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using 1724 efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on 1725 deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the 1726 fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy 1727 /boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time 1728 ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless 1729 the ESP has been expanded in the meantime. 1730 1731 Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones 1732 may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different 1733 location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the 1734 mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem. 1735 1736 The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting, 1737 however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the 1738 root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool 1739 since it does not automatically understand some new features. 1740 1741 See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details. 1742 1743 To build a kernel 1744 ----------------- 1745 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1746 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1747 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1748 1749 make kernel-toolchain 1750 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1751 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1752 1753 To test a kernel once 1754 --------------------- 1755 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1756 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1757 debugging information) run 1758 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1759 nextboot -k testkernel 1760 1761 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1762 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1763 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1764 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1765 1766 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1767 make buildworld 1768 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1769 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1770 [1] 1771 <reboot in single user> [3] 1772 etcupdate -p [5] 1773 make installworld 1774 etcupdate -B [4] 1775 make delete-old [6] 1776 <reboot> 1777 1778 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1779 -------------------------------------------------- 1780 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1781 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1782 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1783 # size. 1784 1785 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1786 <boot into -stable> 1787 make buildworld 1788 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1789 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1790 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1791 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 1792 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1793 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1794 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1795 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1796 <reboot into current> 1797 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1798 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1799 <reboot> 1800 1801 1802 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1803 ---------------------------------------------- 1804 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1805 make buildworld [9] 1806 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1807 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1808 [1] 1809 <reboot in single user> [3] 1810 etcupdate -p [5] 1811 make installworld 1812 etcupdate -B [4] 1813 make delete-old [6] 1814 <reboot> 1815 1816 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1817 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1818 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1819 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1820 the UPDATING entries. 1821 1822 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1823 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1824 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1825 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1826 much fewer pitfalls. 1827 1828 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable 1829 them at this point so they don't crash your system on 1830 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in 1831 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you 1832 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for 1833 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this 1834 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding 1835 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic 1836 and effective, eg: 1837 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver 1838 1839 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1840 fsck -p 1841 mount -u / 1842 mount -a 1843 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed 1844 cd src # full path to source 1845 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1846 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot 1847 into single user mode to do the installworld. 1848 1849 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1850 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1851 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1852 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1853 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1854 for potential gotchas. See etcupdate(8) for more information. 1855 1856 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time 1857 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1858 step. 1859 1860 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1861 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1862 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1863 1864 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an 1865 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's 1866 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for 1867 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure 1868 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A 1869 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run 1870 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries 1871 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed. 1872 1873 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1874 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also 1875 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels 1876 for these as well. 1877 1878 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1879 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1880 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1881 1882 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1883 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1884 warn if it is improperly defined. 1885FORMAT: 1886 1887This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1888breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1889list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 1890If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1891to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1892 1893Copyright information: 1894 1895Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org> 1896 1897Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1898modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1899document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1900 1901THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1902IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1903WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1904DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1905INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1906(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1907SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1908HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1909STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1910IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1911POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1912 1913Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1914this document. 1915 1916$FreeBSD$ 1917