xref: /freebsd/contrib/libarchive/libarchive/archive_write_set_format_ustar.c (revision b9128a37)

/*-
 * Copyright (c) 2003-2007 Tim Kientzle
 * Copyright (c) 2011-2012 Michihiro NAKAJIMA
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR(S) ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
 * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
 * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#include "archive_platform.h"

#ifdef HAVE_ERRNO_H
#include <errno.h>
#endif
#include <stdio.h>
#ifdef HAVE_STDLIB_H
#include <stdlib.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_STRING_H
#include <string.h>
#endif

#include "archive.h"
#include "archive_entry.h"
#include "archive_entry_locale.h"
#include "archive_private.h"
#include "archive_write_private.h"
#include "archive_write_set_format_private.h"

struct ustar {
	uint64_t	entry_bytes_remaining;
	uint64_t	entry_padding;

	struct archive_string_conv *opt_sconv;
	struct archive_string_conv *sconv_default;
	int	init_default_conversion;
};

/*
 * Define structure of POSIX 'ustar' tar header.
 */
#define	USTAR_name_offset 0
#define	USTAR_name_size 100
#define	USTAR_mode_offset 100
#define	USTAR_mode_size 6
#define	USTAR_mode_max_size 8
#define	USTAR_uid_offset 108
#define	USTAR_uid_size 6
#define	USTAR_uid_max_size 8
#define	USTAR_gid_offset 116
#define	USTAR_gid_size 6
#define	USTAR_gid_max_size 8
#define	USTAR_size_offset 124
#define	USTAR_size_size 11
#define	USTAR_size_max_size 12
#define	USTAR_mtime_offset 136
#define	USTAR_mtime_size 11
#define	USTAR_mtime_max_size 11
#define	USTAR_checksum_offset 148
#define	USTAR_checksum_size 8
#define	USTAR_typeflag_offset 156
#define	USTAR_typeflag_size 1
#define	USTAR_linkname_offset 157
#define	USTAR_linkname_size 100
#define	USTAR_magic_offset 257
#define	USTAR_magic_size 6
#define	USTAR_version_offset 263
#define	USTAR_version_size 2
#define	USTAR_uname_offset 265
#define	USTAR_uname_size 32
#define	USTAR_gname_offset 297
#define	USTAR_gname_size 32
#define	USTAR_rdevmajor_offset 329
#define	USTAR_rdevmajor_size 6
#define	USTAR_rdevmajor_max_size 8
#define	USTAR_rdevminor_offset 337
#define	USTAR_rdevminor_size 6
#define	USTAR_rdevminor_max_size 8
#define	USTAR_prefix_offset 345
#define	USTAR_prefix_size 155
#define	USTAR_padding_offset 500
#define	USTAR_padding_size 12

/*
 * A filled-in copy of the header for initialization.
 */
static const char template_header[] = {
	/* name: 100 bytes */
	0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
	0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
	0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
	0,0,0,0,
	/* Mode, space-null termination: 8 bytes */
	'0','0','0','0','0','0', ' ','\0',
	/* uid, space-null termination: 8 bytes */
	'0','0','0','0','0','0', ' ','\0',
	/* gid, space-null termination: 8 bytes */
	'0','0','0','0','0','0', ' ','\0',
	/* size, space termination: 12 bytes */
	'0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0', ' ',
	/* mtime, space termination: 12 bytes */
	'0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0', ' ',
	/* Initial checksum value: 8 spaces */
	' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',
	/* Typeflag: 1 byte */
	'0',			/* '0' = regular file */
	/* Linkname: 100 bytes */
	0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
	0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
	0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
	0,0,0,0,
	/* Magic: 6 bytes, Version: 2 bytes */
	'u','s','t','a','r','\0', '0','0',
	/* Uname: 32 bytes */
	0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
	/* Gname: 32 bytes */
	0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
	/* rdevmajor + space/null padding: 8 bytes */
	'0','0','0','0','0','0', ' ','\0',
	/* rdevminor + space/null padding: 8 bytes */
	'0','0','0','0','0','0', ' ','\0',
	/* Prefix: 155 bytes */
	0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
	0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
	0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
	0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
	0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,
	/* Padding: 12 bytes */
	0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0
};

static ssize_t	archive_write_ustar_data(struct archive_write *a, const void *buff,
		    size_t s);
static int	archive_write_ustar_free(struct archive_write *);
static int	archive_write_ustar_close(struct archive_write *);
static int	archive_write_ustar_finish_entry(struct archive_write *);
static int	archive_write_ustar_header(struct archive_write *,
		    struct archive_entry *entry);
static int	archive_write_ustar_options(struct archive_write *,
		    const char *, const char *);
static int	format_256(int64_t, char *, int);
static int	format_number(int64_t, char *, int size, int max, int strict);
static int	format_octal(int64_t, char *, int);

/*
 * Set output format to 'ustar' format.
 */
int
archive_write_set_format_ustar(struct archive *_a)
{
	struct archive_write *a = (struct archive_write *)_a;
	struct ustar *ustar;

	archive_check_magic(_a, ARCHIVE_WRITE_MAGIC,
	    ARCHIVE_STATE_NEW, "archive_write_set_format_ustar");

	/* If someone else was already registered, unregister them. */
	if (a->format_free != NULL)
		(a->format_free)(a);

	/* Basic internal sanity test. */
	if (sizeof(template_header) != 512) {
		archive_set_error(&a->archive, ARCHIVE_ERRNO_MISC,
		    "Internal: template_header wrong size: %zu should be 512",
		    sizeof(template_header));
		return (ARCHIVE_FATAL);
	}

	ustar = (struct ustar *)calloc(1, sizeof(*ustar));
	if (ustar == NULL) {
		archive_set_error(&a->archive, ENOMEM,
		    "Can't allocate ustar data");
		return (ARCHIVE_FATAL);
	}
	a->format_data = ustar;
	a->format_name = "ustar";
	a->format_options = archive_write_ustar_options;
	a->format_write_header = archive_write_ustar_header;
	a->format_write_data = archive_write_ustar_data;
	a->format_close = archive_write_ustar_close;
	a->format_free = archive_write_ustar_free;
	a->format_finish_entry = archive_write_ustar_finish_entry;
	a->archive.archive_format = ARCHIVE_FORMAT_TAR_USTAR;
	a->archive.archive_format_name = "POSIX ustar";
	return (ARCHIVE_OK);
}

static int
archive_write_ustar_options(struct archive_write *a, const char *key,
    const char *val)
{
	struct ustar *ustar = (struct ustar *)a->format_data;
	int ret = ARCHIVE_FAILED;

	if (strcmp(key, "hdrcharset")  == 0) {
		if (val == NULL || val[0] == 0)
			archive_set_error(&a->archive, ARCHIVE_ERRNO_MISC,
			    "%s: hdrcharset option needs a character-set name",
			    a->format_name);
		else {
			ustar->opt_sconv = archive_string_conversion_to_charset(
			    &a->archive, val, 0);
			if (ustar->opt_sconv != NULL)
				ret = ARCHIVE_OK;
			else
				ret = ARCHIVE_FATAL;
		}
		return (ret);
	}

	/* Note: The "warn" return is just to inform the options
	 * supervisor that we didn't handle it.  It will generate
	 * a suitable error if no one used this option. */
	return (ARCHIVE_WARN);
}

static int
archive_write_ustar_header(struct archive_write *a, struct archive_entry *entry)
{
	char buff[512];
	int ret, ret2;
	struct ustar *ustar;
	struct archive_entry *entry_main;
	struct archive_string_conv *sconv;

	ustar = (struct ustar *)a->format_data;

	/* Setup default string conversion. */
	if (ustar->opt_sconv == NULL) {
		if (!ustar->init_default_conversion) {
			ustar->sconv_default =
			    archive_string_default_conversion_for_write(&(a->archive));
			ustar->init_default_conversion = 1;
		}
		sconv = ustar->sconv_default;
	} else
		sconv = ustar->opt_sconv;

	/* Sanity check. */
	if (archive_entry_pathname(entry) == NULL) {
		archive_set_error(&a->archive, ARCHIVE_ERRNO_MISC,
		    "Can't record entry in tar file without pathname");
		return (ARCHIVE_FAILED);
	}

	/* Only regular files (not hardlinks) have data. */
	if (archive_entry_hardlink(entry) != NULL ||
	    archive_entry_symlink(entry) != NULL ||
	    !(archive_entry_filetype(entry) == AE_IFREG))
		archive_entry_set_size(entry, 0);

	if (AE_IFDIR == archive_entry_filetype(entry)) {
		const char *p;
		size_t path_length;
		/*
		 * Ensure a trailing '/'.  Modify the entry so
		 * the client sees the change.
		 */
#if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__CYGWIN__)
		const wchar_t *wp;

		wp = archive_entry_pathname_w(entry);
		if (wp != NULL && wp[wcslen(wp) -1] != L'/') {
			struct archive_wstring ws;

			archive_string_init(&ws);
			path_length = wcslen(wp);
			if (archive_wstring_ensure(&ws,
			    path_length + 2) == NULL) {
				archive_set_error(&a->archive, ENOMEM,
				    "Can't allocate ustar data");
				archive_wstring_free(&ws);
				return(ARCHIVE_FATAL);
			}
			/* Should we keep '\' ? */
			if (wp[path_length -1] == L'\\')
				path_length--;
			archive_wstrncpy(&ws, wp, path_length);
			archive_wstrappend_wchar(&ws, L'/');
			archive_entry_copy_pathname_w(entry, ws.s);
			archive_wstring_free(&ws);
			p = NULL;
		} else
#endif
			p = archive_entry_pathname(entry);
		/*
		 * On Windows, this is a backup operation just in
		 * case getting WCS failed. On POSIX, this is a
		 * normal operation.
		 */
		if (p != NULL && p[0] != '\0' && p[strlen(p) - 1] != '/') {
			struct archive_string as;

			archive_string_init(&as);
			path_length = strlen(p);
			if (archive_string_ensure(&as,
			    path_length + 2) == NULL) {
				archive_set_error(&a->archive, ENOMEM,
				    "Can't allocate ustar data");
				archive_string_free(&as);
				return(ARCHIVE_FATAL);
			}
#if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__CYGWIN__)
			/* NOTE: This might break the pathname
			 * if the current code page is CP932 and
			 * the pathname includes a character '\'
			 * as a part of its multibyte pathname. */
			if (p[strlen(p) -1] == '\\')
				path_length--;
			else
#endif
			archive_strncpy(&as, p, path_length);
			archive_strappend_char(&as, '/');
			archive_entry_copy_pathname(entry, as.s);
			archive_string_free(&as);
		}
	}

#if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__CYGWIN__)
	/* Make sure the path separators in pathname, hardlink and symlink
	 * are all slash '/', not the Windows path separator '\'. */
	entry_main = __la_win_entry_in_posix_pathseparator(entry);
	if (entry_main == NULL) {
		archive_set_error(&a->archive, ENOMEM,
		    "Can't allocate ustar data");
		return(ARCHIVE_FATAL);
	}
	if (entry != entry_main)
		entry = entry_main;
	else
		entry_main = NULL;
#else
	entry_main = NULL;
#endif
	ret = __archive_write_format_header_ustar(a, buff, entry, -1, 1, sconv);
	if (ret < ARCHIVE_WARN) {
		archive_entry_free(entry_main);
		return (ret);
	}
	ret2 = __archive_write_output(a, buff, 512);
	if (ret2 < ARCHIVE_WARN) {
		archive_entry_free(entry_main);
		return (ret2);
	}
	if (ret2 < ret)
		ret = ret2;

	ustar->entry_bytes_remaining = archive_entry_size(entry);
	ustar->entry_padding = 0x1ff & (-(int64_t)ustar->entry_bytes_remaining);
	archive_entry_free(entry_main);
	return (ret);
}

/*
 * Format a basic 512-byte "ustar" header.
 *
 * Returns -1 if format failed (due to field overflow).
 * Note that this always formats as much of the header as possible.
 * If "strict" is set to zero, it will extend numeric fields as
 * necessary (overwriting terminators or using base-256 extensions).
 *
 * This is exported so that other 'tar' formats can use it.
 */
int
__archive_write_format_header_ustar(struct archive_write *a, char h[512],
    struct archive_entry *entry, int tartype, int strict,
    struct archive_string_conv *sconv)
{
	unsigned int checksum;
	int i, r, ret;
	size_t copy_length;
	const char *p, *pp;
	int mytartype;

	ret = 0;
	mytartype = -1;
	/*
	 * The "template header" already includes the "ustar"
	 * signature, various end-of-field markers and other required
	 * elements.
	 */
	memcpy(h, &template_header, 512);

	/*
	 * Because the block is already null-filled, and strings
	 * are allowed to exactly fill their destination (without null),
	 * I use memcpy(dest, src, strlen()) here a lot to copy strings.
	 */
	r = archive_entry_pathname_l(entry, &pp, &copy_length, sconv);
	if (r != 0) {
		if (errno == ENOMEM) {
			archive_set_error(&a->archive, ENOMEM,
			    "Can't allocate memory for Pathname");
			return (ARCHIVE_FATAL);
		}
		archive_set_error(&a->archive, ARCHIVE_ERRNO_FILE_FORMAT,
		    "Can't translate pathname '%s' to %s",
		    pp, archive_string_conversion_charset_name(sconv));
		ret = ARCHIVE_WARN;
	}
	if (copy_length <= USTAR_name_size)
		memcpy(h + USTAR_name_offset, pp, copy_length);
	else {
		/* Store in two pieces, splitting at a '/'. */
		p = strchr(pp + copy_length - USTAR_name_size - 1, '/');
		/*
		 * Look for the next '/' if we chose the first character
		 * as the separator.  (ustar format doesn't permit
		 * an empty prefix.)
		 */
		if (p == pp)
			p = strchr(p + 1, '/');
		/* Fail if the name won't fit. */
		if (!p) {
			/* No separator. */
			archive_set_error(&a->archive, ENAMETOOLONG,
			    "Pathname too long");
			ret = ARCHIVE_FAILED;
		} else if (p[1] == '\0') {
			/*
			 * The only feasible separator is a final '/';
			 * this would result in a non-empty prefix and
			 * an empty name, which POSIX doesn't
			 * explicitly forbid, but it just feels wrong.
			 */
			archive_set_error(&a->archive, ENAMETOOLONG,
			    "Pathname too long");
			ret = ARCHIVE_FAILED;
		} else if (p  > pp + USTAR_prefix_size) {
			/* Prefix is too long. */
			archive_set_error(&a->archive, ENAMETOOLONG,
			    "Pathname too long");
			ret = ARCHIVE_FAILED;
		} else {
			/* Copy prefix and remainder to appropriate places */
			memcpy(h + USTAR_prefix_offset, pp, p - pp);
			memcpy(h + USTAR_name_offset, p + 1,
			    pp + copy_length - p - 1);
		}
	}

	r = archive_entry_hardlink_l(entry, &p, &copy_length, sconv);
	if (r != 0) {
		if (errno == ENOMEM) {
			archive_set_error(&a->archive, ENOMEM,
			    "Can't allocate memory for Linkname");
			return (ARCHIVE_FATAL);
		}
		archive_set_error(&a->archive,
		    ARCHIVE_ERRNO_FILE_FORMAT,
		    "Can't translate linkname '%s' to %s",
		    p, archive_string_conversion_charset_name(sconv));
		ret = ARCHIVE_WARN;
	}
	if (copy_length > 0)
		mytartype = '1';
	else {
		r = archive_entry_symlink_l(entry, &p, &copy_length, sconv);
		if (r != 0) {
			if (errno == ENOMEM) {
				archive_set_error(&a->archive, ENOMEM,
				    "Can't allocate memory for Linkname");
				return (ARCHIVE_FATAL);
			}
			archive_set_error(&a->archive,
			    ARCHIVE_ERRNO_FILE_FORMAT,
			    "Can't translate linkname '%s' to %s",
			    p, archive_string_conversion_charset_name(sconv));
			ret = ARCHIVE_WARN;
		}
	}
	if (copy_length > 0) {
		if (copy_length > USTAR_linkname_size) {
			archive_set_error(&a->archive, ENAMETOOLONG,
			    "Link contents too long");
			ret = ARCHIVE_FAILED;
			copy_length = USTAR_linkname_size;
		}
		memcpy(h + USTAR_linkname_offset, p, copy_length);
	}

	r = archive_entry_uname_l(entry, &p, &copy_length, sconv);
	if (r != 0) {
		if (errno == ENOMEM) {
			archive_set_error(&a->archive, ENOMEM,
			    "Can't allocate memory for Uname");
			return (ARCHIVE_FATAL);
		}
		archive_set_error(&a->archive,
		    ARCHIVE_ERRNO_FILE_FORMAT,
		    "Can't translate uname '%s' to %s",
		    p, archive_string_conversion_charset_name(sconv));
		ret = ARCHIVE_WARN;
	}
	if (copy_length > 0) {
		if (copy_length > USTAR_uname_size) {
			if (tartype != 'x') {
				archive_set_error(&a->archive,
				    ARCHIVE_ERRNO_MISC, "Username too long");
				ret = ARCHIVE_FAILED;
			}
			copy_length = USTAR_uname_size;
		}
		memcpy(h + USTAR_uname_offset, p, copy_length);
	}

	r = archive_entry_gname_l(entry, &p, &copy_length, sconv);
	if (r != 0) {
		if (errno == ENOMEM) {
			archive_set_error(&a->archive, ENOMEM,
			    "Can't allocate memory for Gname");
			return (ARCHIVE_FATAL);
		}
		archive_set_error(&a->archive,
		    ARCHIVE_ERRNO_FILE_FORMAT,
		    "Can't translate gname '%s' to %s",
		    p, archive_string_conversion_charset_name(sconv));
		ret = ARCHIVE_WARN;
	}
	if (copy_length > 0) {
		if (strlen(p) > USTAR_gname_size) {
			if (tartype != 'x') {
				archive_set_error(&a->archive,
				    ARCHIVE_ERRNO_MISC, "Group name too long");
				ret = ARCHIVE_FAILED;
			}
			copy_length = USTAR_gname_size;
		}
		memcpy(h + USTAR_gname_offset, p, copy_length);
	}

	if (format_number(archive_entry_mode(entry) & 07777,
	    h + USTAR_mode_offset, USTAR_mode_size, USTAR_mode_max_size, strict)) {
		archive_set_error(&a->archive, ERANGE,
		    "Numeric mode too large");
		ret = ARCHIVE_FAILED;
	}

	if (format_number(archive_entry_uid(entry),
	    h + USTAR_uid_offset, USTAR_uid_size, USTAR_uid_max_size, strict)) {
		archive_set_error(&a->archive, ERANGE,
		    "Numeric user ID too large");
		ret = ARCHIVE_FAILED;
	}

	if (format_number(archive_entry_gid(entry),
	    h + USTAR_gid_offset, USTAR_gid_size, USTAR_gid_max_size, strict)) {
		archive_set_error(&a->archive, ERANGE,
		    "Numeric group ID too large");
		ret = ARCHIVE_FAILED;
	}

	if (format_number(archive_entry_size(entry),
	    h + USTAR_size_offset, USTAR_size_size, USTAR_size_max_size, strict)) {
		archive_set_error(&a->archive, ERANGE,
		    "File size out of range");
		ret = ARCHIVE_FAILED;
	}

	if (format_number(archive_entry_mtime(entry),
	    h + USTAR_mtime_offset, USTAR_mtime_size, USTAR_mtime_max_size, strict)) {
		archive_set_error(&a->archive, ERANGE,
		    "File modification time too large");
		ret = ARCHIVE_FAILED;
	}

	if (archive_entry_filetype(entry) == AE_IFBLK
	    || archive_entry_filetype(entry) == AE_IFCHR) {
		if (format_number(archive_entry_rdevmajor(entry),
		    h + USTAR_rdevmajor_offset, USTAR_rdevmajor_size,
		    USTAR_rdevmajor_max_size, strict)) {
			archive_set_error(&a->archive, ERANGE,
			    "Major device number too large");
			ret = ARCHIVE_FAILED;
		}

		if (format_number(archive_entry_rdevminor(entry),
		    h + USTAR_rdevminor_offset, USTAR_rdevminor_size,
		    USTAR_rdevminor_max_size, strict)) {
			archive_set_error(&a->archive, ERANGE,
			    "Minor device number too large");
			ret = ARCHIVE_FAILED;
		}
	}

	if (tartype >= 0) {
		h[USTAR_typeflag_offset] = tartype;
	} else if (mytartype >= 0) {
		h[USTAR_typeflag_offset] = mytartype;
	} else {
		switch (archive_entry_filetype(entry)) {
		case AE_IFREG: h[USTAR_typeflag_offset] = '0' ; break;
		case AE_IFLNK: h[USTAR_typeflag_offset] = '2' ; break;
		case AE_IFCHR: h[USTAR_typeflag_offset] = '3' ; break;
		case AE_IFBLK: h[USTAR_typeflag_offset] = '4' ; break;
		case AE_IFDIR: h[USTAR_typeflag_offset] = '5' ; break;
		case AE_IFIFO: h[USTAR_typeflag_offset] = '6' ; break;
		default: /* AE_IFSOCK and unknown */
			__archive_write_entry_filetype_unsupported(
			    &a->archive, entry, "ustar");
			ret = ARCHIVE_FAILED;
		}
	}

	checksum = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < 512; i++)
		checksum += 255 & (unsigned int)h[i];
	h[USTAR_checksum_offset + 6] = '\0'; /* Can't be pre-set in the template. */
	/* h[USTAR_checksum_offset + 7] = ' '; */ /* This is pre-set in the template. */
	format_octal(checksum, h + USTAR_checksum_offset, 6);
	return (ret);
}

/*
 * Format a number into a field, with some intelligence.
 */
static int
format_number(int64_t v, char *p, int s, int maxsize, int strict)
{
	int64_t limit;

	limit = ((int64_t)1 << (s*3));

	/* "Strict" only permits octal values with proper termination. */
	if (strict)
		return (format_octal(v, p, s));

	/*
	 * In non-strict mode, we allow the number to overwrite one or
	 * more bytes of the field termination.  Even old tar
	 * implementations should be able to handle this with no
	 * problem.
	 */
	if (v >= 0) {
		while (s <= maxsize) {
			if (v < limit)
				return (format_octal(v, p, s));
			s++;
			limit <<= 3;
		}
	}

	/* Base-256 can handle any number, positive or negative. */
	return (format_256(v, p, maxsize));
}

/*
 * Format a number into the specified field using base-256.
 */
static int
format_256(int64_t v, char *p, int s)
{
	p += s;
	while (s-- > 0) {
		*--p = (char)(v & 0xff);
		v >>= 8;
	}
	*p |= 0x80; /* Set the base-256 marker bit. */
	return (0);
}

/*
 * Format a number into the specified field.
 */
static int
format_octal(int64_t v, char *p, int s)
{
	int len;

	len = s;

	/* Octal values can't be negative, so use 0. */
	if (v < 0) {
		while (len-- > 0)
			*p++ = '0';
		return (-1);
	}

	p += s;		/* Start at the end and work backwards. */
	while (s-- > 0) {
		*--p = (char)('0' + (v & 7));
		v >>= 3;
	}

	if (v == 0)
		return (0);

	/* If it overflowed, fill field with max value. */
	while (len-- > 0)
		*p++ = '7';

	return (-1);
}

static int
archive_write_ustar_close(struct archive_write *a)
{
	return (__archive_write_nulls(a, 512*2));
}

static int
archive_write_ustar_free(struct archive_write *a)
{
	struct ustar *ustar;

	ustar = (struct ustar *)a->format_data;
	free(ustar);
	a->format_data = NULL;
	return (ARCHIVE_OK);
}

static int
archive_write_ustar_finish_entry(struct archive_write *a)
{
	struct ustar *ustar;
	int ret;

	ustar = (struct ustar *)a->format_data;
	ret = __archive_write_nulls(a,
	    (size_t)(ustar->entry_bytes_remaining + ustar->entry_padding));
	ustar->entry_bytes_remaining = ustar->entry_padding = 0;
	return (ret);
}

static ssize_t
archive_write_ustar_data(struct archive_write *a, const void *buff, size_t s)
{
	struct ustar *ustar;
	int ret;

	ustar = (struct ustar *)a->format_data;
	if (s > ustar->entry_bytes_remaining)
		s = (size_t)ustar->entry_bytes_remaining;
	ret = __archive_write_output(a, buff, s);
	ustar->entry_bytes_remaining -= s;
	if (ret != ARCHIVE_OK)
		return (ret);
	return (s);
}