1 //===-- crash_handler.h -----------------------------------------*- C++ -*-===//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 
9 // This file contains interface functions that can be called by an in-process or
10 // out-of-process crash handler after the process has terminated. Functions in
11 // this interface are never thread safe. For an in-process crash handler, the
12 // handler should call GuardedPoolAllocator::disable() to stop any other threads
13 // from retrieving new GWP-ASan allocations, which may corrupt the metadata.
14 #ifndef GWP_ASAN_INTERFACE_H_
15 #define GWP_ASAN_INTERFACE_H_
16 
17 #include "gwp_asan/common.h"
18 
19 #ifdef __cplusplus
20 extern "C" {
21 #endif
22 
23 // When a process crashes, there are three possible outcomes:
24 //  1. The crash is unrelated to GWP-ASan - in which case this function returns
25 //     false.
26 //  2. The crash is internally detected within GWP-ASan itself (e.g. a
27 //     double-free bug is caught in GuardedPoolAllocator::deallocate(), and
28 //     GWP-ASan will terminate the process). In this case - this function
29 //     returns true.
30 //  3. The crash is caused by a memory error at `AccessPtr` that's caught by the
31 //     system, but GWP-ASan is responsible for the allocation. In this case -
32 //     the function also returns true.
33 // This function takes an optional `AccessPtr` parameter. If the pointer that
34 // was attempted to be accessed is available, you should provide it here. In the
35 // case of some internally-detected errors, the crash may manifest as an abort
36 // or trap may or may not have an associated pointer. In these cases, the
37 // pointer can be obtained by a call to __gwp_asan_get_internal_crash_address.
38 bool __gwp_asan_error_is_mine(const gwp_asan::AllocatorState *State,
39                               uintptr_t ErrorPtr = 0u);
40 
41 // Diagnose and return the type of error that occurred at `ErrorPtr`. If
42 // `ErrorPtr` is unrelated to GWP-ASan, or if the error type cannot be deduced,
43 // this function returns Error::UNKNOWN.
44 gwp_asan::Error
45 __gwp_asan_diagnose_error(const gwp_asan::AllocatorState *State,
46                           const gwp_asan::AllocationMetadata *Metadata,
47                           uintptr_t ErrorPtr);
48 
49 // This function, provided the fault address from the signal handler, returns
50 // the following values:
51 //  1. If the crash was caused by an internally-detected error (invalid free,
52 //     double free), this function returns the pointer that was used for the
53 //     internally-detected bad operation (i.e. the pointer given to free()).
54 //  2. For externally-detected crashes (use-after-free, buffer-overflow), this
55 //     function returns zero.
56 //  3. If GWP-ASan wasn't responsible for the crash at all, this function also
57 //     returns zero.
58 uintptr_t
59 __gwp_asan_get_internal_crash_address(const gwp_asan::AllocatorState *State,
60                                       uintptr_t ErrorPtr);
61 
62 // Returns a pointer to the metadata for the allocation that's responsible for
63 // the crash. This metadata should not be dereferenced directly due to API
64 // compatibility issues, but should be instead passed to functions below for
65 // information retrieval. Returns nullptr if there is no metadata available for
66 // this crash.
67 const gwp_asan::AllocationMetadata *
68 __gwp_asan_get_metadata(const gwp_asan::AllocatorState *State,
69                         const gwp_asan::AllocationMetadata *Metadata,
70                         uintptr_t ErrorPtr);
71 
72 // +---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
73 // | Error Information Functions                                               |
74 // +---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
75 // Functions below return information about the type of error that was caught by
76 // GWP-ASan, or information about the allocation that caused the error. These
77 // functions generally take an `AllocationMeta` argument, which should be
78 // retrieved via. __gwp_asan_get_metadata.
79 
80 // Returns the start of the allocation whose metadata is in `AllocationMeta`.
81 uintptr_t __gwp_asan_get_allocation_address(
82     const gwp_asan::AllocationMetadata *AllocationMeta);
83 
84 // Returns the size of the allocation whose metadata is in `AllocationMeta`
85 size_t __gwp_asan_get_allocation_size(
86     const gwp_asan::AllocationMetadata *AllocationMeta);
87 
88 // Returns the Thread ID that allocated the memory that caused the error at
89 // `ErrorPtr`. This function may not be called if __gwp_asan_has_metadata()
90 // returns false.
91 uint64_t __gwp_asan_get_allocation_thread_id(
92     const gwp_asan::AllocationMetadata *AllocationMeta);
93 
94 // Retrieve the allocation trace for the allocation whose metadata is in
95 // `AllocationMeta`, and place it into the provided `Buffer` that has at least
96 // `BufferLen` elements. This function returns the number of frames that would
97 // have been written into `Buffer` if the space was available (i.e. however many
98 // frames were stored by GWP-ASan). A return value greater than `BufferLen`
99 // indicates that the trace was truncated when storing to `Buffer`.
100 size_t __gwp_asan_get_allocation_trace(
101     const gwp_asan::AllocationMetadata *AllocationMeta, uintptr_t *Buffer,
102     size_t BufferLen);
103 
104 // Returns whether the allocation whose metadata is in `AllocationMeta` has been
105 // deallocated. This function may not be called if __gwp_asan_has_metadata()
106 // returns false.
107 bool __gwp_asan_is_deallocated(
108     const gwp_asan::AllocationMetadata *AllocationMeta);
109 
110 // Returns the Thread ID that deallocated the memory whose metadata is in
111 // `AllocationMeta`. This function may not be called if
112 // __gwp_asan_is_deallocated() returns false.
113 uint64_t __gwp_asan_get_deallocation_thread_id(
114     const gwp_asan::AllocationMetadata *AllocationMeta);
115 
116 // Retrieve the deallocation trace for the allocation whose metadata is in
117 // `AllocationMeta`, and place it into the provided `Buffer` that has at least
118 // `BufferLen` elements. This function returns the number of frames that would
119 // have been written into `Buffer` if the space was available (i.e. however many
120 // frames were stored by GWP-ASan). A return value greater than `BufferLen`
121 // indicates that the trace was truncated when storing to `Buffer`. This
122 // function may not be called if __gwp_asan_is_deallocated() returns false.
123 size_t __gwp_asan_get_deallocation_trace(
124     const gwp_asan::AllocationMetadata *AllocationMeta, uintptr_t *Buffer,
125     size_t BufferLen);
126 
127 #ifdef __cplusplus
128 } // extern "C"
129 #endif
130 
131 #endif // GWP_ASAN_INTERFACE_H_
132