1 // -*- C++ -*-
2 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
3 //
4 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
5 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
6 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 
10 #ifndef _LIBCPP___FORMAT_RANGE_FORMATTER_H
11 #define _LIBCPP___FORMAT_RANGE_FORMATTER_H
12 
13 #if !defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_PRAGMA_SYSTEM_HEADER)
14 #  pragma GCC system_header
15 #endif
16 
17 #include <__algorithm/ranges_copy.h>
18 #include <__chrono/statically_widen.h>
19 #include <__concepts/same_as.h>
20 #include <__config>
21 #include <__format/buffer.h>
22 #include <__format/concepts.h>
23 #include <__format/format_context.h>
24 #include <__format/format_error.h>
25 #include <__format/formatter.h>
26 #include <__format/formatter_output.h>
27 #include <__format/parser_std_format_spec.h>
28 #include <__iterator/back_insert_iterator.h>
29 #include <__ranges/concepts.h>
30 #include <__ranges/data.h>
31 #include <__ranges/size.h>
32 #include <__type_traits/remove_cvref.h>
33 #include <string_view>
34 
35 _LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
36 
37 #if _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 23
38 
39 template <class _Tp, class _CharT = char>
40   requires same_as<remove_cvref_t<_Tp>, _Tp> && formattable<_Tp, _CharT>
41 struct _LIBCPP_TEMPLATE_VIS range_formatter {
42   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr void set_separator(basic_string_view<_CharT> __separator) noexcept {
43     __separator_ = __separator;
44   }
45   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr void
46   set_brackets(basic_string_view<_CharT> __opening_bracket, basic_string_view<_CharT> __closing_bracket) noexcept {
47     __opening_bracket_ = __opening_bracket;
48     __closing_bracket_ = __closing_bracket;
49   }
50 
51   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr formatter<_Tp, _CharT>& underlying() noexcept { return __underlying_; }
52   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr const formatter<_Tp, _CharT>& underlying() const noexcept { return __underlying_; }
53 
54   template <class _ParseContext>
55   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr typename _ParseContext::iterator parse(_ParseContext& __ctx) {
56     auto __begin = __parser_.__parse(__ctx, __format_spec::__fields_range);
57     auto __end   = __ctx.end();
58     // Note the cases where __begin == __end in this code only happens when the
59     // replacement-field has no terminating }, or when the parse is manually
60     // called with a format-spec. The former is an error and the latter means
61     // using a formatter without the format functions or print.
62     if (__begin == __end) [[unlikely]]
63       return __parse_empty_range_underlying_spec(__ctx, __begin);
64 
65     // The n field overrides a possible m type, therefore delay applying the
66     // effect of n until the type has been procesed.
67     __parse_type(__begin, __end);
68     if (__parser_.__clear_brackets_)
69       set_brackets({}, {});
70     if (__begin == __end) [[unlikely]]
71       return __parse_empty_range_underlying_spec(__ctx, __begin);
72 
73     bool __has_range_underlying_spec = *__begin == _CharT(':');
74     if (__has_range_underlying_spec) {
75       // range-underlying-spec:
76       //   :  format-spec
77       ++__begin;
78     } else if (__begin != __end && *__begin != _CharT('}'))
79       // When there is no underlaying range the current parse should have
80       // consumed the format-spec. If not, the not consumed input will be
81       // processed by the underlying. For example {:-} for a range in invalid,
82       // the sign field is not present. Without this check the underlying_ will
83       // get -} as input which my be valid.
84       std::__throw_format_error("The format specifier should consume the input or end with a '}'");
85 
86     __ctx.advance_to(__begin);
87     __begin = __underlying_.parse(__ctx);
88 
89     // This test should not be required if __has_range_underlying_spec is false.
90     // However this test makes sure the underlying formatter left the parser in
91     // a valid state. (Note this is not a full protection against evil parsers.
92     // For example
93     //   } this is test for the next argument {}
94     //   ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^
95     // could consume more than it should.
96     if (__begin != __end && *__begin != _CharT('}'))
97       std::__throw_format_error("The format specifier should consume the input or end with a '}'");
98 
99     if (__parser_.__type_ != __format_spec::__type::__default) {
100       // [format.range.formatter]/6
101       //   If the range-type is s or ?s, then there shall be no n option and no
102       //   range-underlying-spec.
103       if (__parser_.__clear_brackets_) {
104         if (__parser_.__type_ == __format_spec::__type::__string)
105           std::__throw_format_error("The n option and type s can't be used together");
106         std::__throw_format_error("The n option and type ?s can't be used together");
107       }
108       if (__has_range_underlying_spec) {
109         if (__parser_.__type_ == __format_spec::__type::__string)
110           std::__throw_format_error("Type s and an underlying format specification can't be used together");
111         std::__throw_format_error("Type ?s and an underlying format specification can't be used together");
112       }
113     } else if (!__has_range_underlying_spec)
114       std::__set_debug_format(__underlying_);
115 
116     return __begin;
117   }
118 
119   template <ranges::input_range _Rp, class _FormatContext>
120     requires formattable<ranges::range_reference_t<_Rp>, _CharT> &&
121              same_as<remove_cvref_t<ranges::range_reference_t<_Rp>>, _Tp>
122   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI typename _FormatContext::iterator format(_Rp&& __range, _FormatContext& __ctx) const {
123     __format_spec::__parsed_specifications<_CharT> __specs = __parser_.__get_parsed_std_specifications(__ctx);
124 
125     if (!__specs.__has_width())
126       return __format_range(__range, __ctx, __specs);
127 
128     // The size of the buffer needed is:
129     // - open bracket characters
130     // - close bracket character
131     // - n elements where every element may have a different size
132     // - (n -1) separators
133     // The size of the element is hard to predict, knowing the type helps but
134     // it depends on the format-spec. As an initial estimate we guess 6
135     // characters.
136     // Typically both brackets are 1 character and the separator is 2
137     // characters. Which means there will be
138     //   (n - 1) * 2 + 1 + 1 = n * 2 character
139     // So estimate 8 times the range size as buffer.
140     std::size_t __capacity_hint = 0;
141     if constexpr (std::ranges::sized_range<_Rp>)
142       __capacity_hint = 8 * ranges::size(__range);
143     __format::__retarget_buffer<_CharT> __buffer{__capacity_hint};
144     basic_format_context<typename __format::__retarget_buffer<_CharT>::__iterator, _CharT> __c{
145         __buffer.__make_output_iterator(), __ctx};
146 
147     __format_range(__range, __c, __specs);
148 
149     return __formatter::__write_string_no_precision(__buffer.__view(), __ctx.out(), __specs);
150   }
151 
152   template <ranges::input_range _Rp, class _FormatContext>
153   typename _FormatContext::iterator _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI
154   __format_range(_Rp&& __range, _FormatContext& __ctx, __format_spec::__parsed_specifications<_CharT> __specs) const {
155     if constexpr (same_as<_Tp, _CharT>) {
156       switch (__specs.__std_.__type_) {
157       case __format_spec::__type::__string:
158       case __format_spec::__type::__debug:
159         return __format_as_string(__range, __ctx, __specs.__std_.__type_ == __format_spec::__type::__debug);
160       default:
161         return __format_as_sequence(__range, __ctx);
162       }
163     } else
164       return __format_as_sequence(__range, __ctx);
165   }
166 
167   template <ranges::input_range _Rp, class _FormatContext>
168   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI typename _FormatContext::iterator
169   __format_as_string(_Rp&& __range, _FormatContext& __ctx, bool __debug_format) const {
170     // When the range is contiguous use a basic_string_view instead to avoid a
171     // copy of the underlying data. The basic_string_view formatter
172     // specialization is the "basic" string formatter in libc++.
173     if constexpr (ranges::contiguous_range<_Rp> && std::ranges::sized_range<_Rp>) {
174       std::formatter<basic_string_view<_CharT>, _CharT> __formatter;
175       if (__debug_format)
176         __formatter.set_debug_format();
177       return __formatter.format(
178           basic_string_view<_CharT>{
179               ranges::data(__range),
180               ranges::size(__range),
181           },
182           __ctx);
183     } else {
184       std::formatter<basic_string<_CharT>, _CharT> __formatter;
185       if (__debug_format)
186         __formatter.set_debug_format();
187       // P2106's from_range has not been implemented yet. Instead use a simple
188       // copy operation.
189       // TODO FMT use basic_string's "from_range" constructor.
190       // return std::formatter<basic_string<_CharT>, _CharT>{}.format(basic_string<_CharT>{from_range, __range}, __ctx);
191       basic_string<_CharT> __str;
192       ranges::copy(__range, back_insert_iterator{__str});
193       return __formatter.format(__str, __ctx);
194     }
195   }
196 
197   template <ranges::input_range _Rp, class _FormatContext>
198   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI typename _FormatContext::iterator
199   __format_as_sequence(_Rp&& __range, _FormatContext& __ctx) const {
200     __ctx.advance_to(ranges::copy(__opening_bracket_, __ctx.out()).out);
201     bool __use_separator = false;
202     for (auto&& __e : __range) {
203       if (__use_separator)
204         __ctx.advance_to(ranges::copy(__separator_, __ctx.out()).out);
205       else
206         __use_separator = true;
207 
208       __ctx.advance_to(__underlying_.format(__e, __ctx));
209     }
210 
211     return ranges::copy(__closing_bracket_, __ctx.out()).out;
212   }
213 
214   __format_spec::__parser<_CharT> __parser_{.__alignment_ = __format_spec::__alignment::__left};
215 
216 private:
217   template <contiguous_iterator _Iterator>
218   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr void __parse_type(_Iterator& __begin, _Iterator __end) {
219     switch (*__begin) {
220     case _CharT('m'):
221       if constexpr (__fmt_pair_like<_Tp>) {
222         set_brackets(_LIBCPP_STATICALLY_WIDEN(_CharT, "{"), _LIBCPP_STATICALLY_WIDEN(_CharT, "}"));
223         set_separator(_LIBCPP_STATICALLY_WIDEN(_CharT, ", "));
224         ++__begin;
225       } else
226         std::__throw_format_error("Type m requires a pair or a tuple with two elements");
227       break;
228 
229     case _CharT('s'):
230       if constexpr (same_as<_Tp, _CharT>) {
231         __parser_.__type_ = __format_spec::__type::__string;
232         ++__begin;
233       } else
234         std::__throw_format_error("Type s requires character type as formatting argument");
235       break;
236 
237     case _CharT('?'):
238       ++__begin;
239       if (__begin == __end || *__begin != _CharT('s'))
240         std::__throw_format_error("The format specifier should consume the input or end with a '}'");
241       if constexpr (same_as<_Tp, _CharT>) {
242         __parser_.__type_ = __format_spec::__type::__debug;
243         ++__begin;
244       } else
245         std::__throw_format_error("Type ?s requires character type as formatting argument");
246     }
247   }
248 
249   template <class _ParseContext>
250   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr typename _ParseContext::iterator
251   __parse_empty_range_underlying_spec(_ParseContext& __ctx, typename _ParseContext::iterator __begin) {
252     __ctx.advance_to(__begin);
253     [[maybe_unused]] typename _ParseContext::iterator __result = __underlying_.parse(__ctx);
254     _LIBCPP_ASSERT_UNCATEGORIZED(
255         __result == __begin,
256         "the underlying's parse function should not advance the input beyond the end of the input");
257     return __begin;
258   }
259 
260   formatter<_Tp, _CharT> __underlying_;
261   basic_string_view<_CharT> __separator_       = _LIBCPP_STATICALLY_WIDEN(_CharT, ", ");
262   basic_string_view<_CharT> __opening_bracket_ = _LIBCPP_STATICALLY_WIDEN(_CharT, "[");
263   basic_string_view<_CharT> __closing_bracket_ = _LIBCPP_STATICALLY_WIDEN(_CharT, "]");
264 };
265 
266 #endif //_LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 23
267 
268 _LIBCPP_END_NAMESPACE_STD
269 
270 #endif // _LIBCPP___FORMAT_RANGE_FORMATTER_H
271