1 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 
9 #ifndef _LIBCPP___RANDOM_LINEAR_CONGRUENTIAL_ENGINE_H
10 #define _LIBCPP___RANDOM_LINEAR_CONGRUENTIAL_ENGINE_H
11 
12 #include <__config>
13 #include <__random/is_seed_sequence.h>
14 #include <__type_traits/enable_if.h>
15 #include <__type_traits/integral_constant.h>
16 #include <__type_traits/is_unsigned.h>
17 #include <cstdint>
18 #include <iosfwd>
19 
20 #if !defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_PRAGMA_SYSTEM_HEADER)
21 #  pragma GCC system_header
22 #endif
23 
24 _LIBCPP_PUSH_MACROS
25 #include <__undef_macros>
26 
27 _LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
28 
29 template <unsigned long long __a,
30           unsigned long long __c,
31           unsigned long long __m,
32           unsigned long long _Mp,
33           bool _MightOverflow = (__a != 0 && __m != 0 && __m - 1 > (_Mp - __c) / __a),
34           bool _OverflowOK    = ((__m | (__m - 1)) > __m),                    // m = 2^n
35           bool _SchrageOK     = (__a != 0 && __m != 0 && __m % __a <= __m / __a)> // r <= q
36 struct __lce_alg_picker {
37   static_assert(__a != 0 || __m != 0 || !_MightOverflow || _OverflowOK || _SchrageOK,
38                 "The current values of a, c, and m cannot generate a number "
39                 "within bounds of linear_congruential_engine.");
40 
41   static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const bool __use_schrage = _MightOverflow && !_OverflowOK && _SchrageOK;
42 };
43 
44 template <unsigned long long __a,
45           unsigned long long __c,
46           unsigned long long __m,
47           unsigned long long _Mp,
48           bool _UseSchrage = __lce_alg_picker<__a, __c, __m, _Mp>::__use_schrage>
49 struct __lce_ta;
50 
51 // 64
52 
53 template <unsigned long long __a, unsigned long long __c, unsigned long long __m>
54 struct __lce_ta<__a, __c, __m, (unsigned long long)(~0), true> {
55   typedef unsigned long long result_type;
56   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI static result_type next(result_type __x) {
57     // Schrage's algorithm
58     const result_type __q  = __m / __a;
59     const result_type __r  = __m % __a;
60     const result_type __t0 = __a * (__x % __q);
61     const result_type __t1 = __r * (__x / __q);
62     __x                    = __t0 + (__t0 < __t1) * __m - __t1;
63     __x += __c - (__x >= __m - __c) * __m;
64     return __x;
65   }
66 };
67 
68 template <unsigned long long __a, unsigned long long __m>
69 struct __lce_ta<__a, 0, __m, (unsigned long long)(~0), true> {
70   typedef unsigned long long result_type;
71   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI static result_type next(result_type __x) {
72     // Schrage's algorithm
73     const result_type __q  = __m / __a;
74     const result_type __r  = __m % __a;
75     const result_type __t0 = __a * (__x % __q);
76     const result_type __t1 = __r * (__x / __q);
77     __x                    = __t0 + (__t0 < __t1) * __m - __t1;
78     return __x;
79   }
80 };
81 
82 template <unsigned long long __a, unsigned long long __c, unsigned long long __m>
83 struct __lce_ta<__a, __c, __m, (unsigned long long)(~0), false> {
84   typedef unsigned long long result_type;
85   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI static result_type next(result_type __x) { return (__a * __x + __c) % __m; }
86 };
87 
88 template <unsigned long long __a, unsigned long long __c>
89 struct __lce_ta<__a, __c, 0, (unsigned long long)(~0), false> {
90   typedef unsigned long long result_type;
91   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI static result_type next(result_type __x) { return __a * __x + __c; }
92 };
93 
94 // 32
95 
96 template <unsigned long long _Ap, unsigned long long _Cp, unsigned long long _Mp>
97 struct __lce_ta<_Ap, _Cp, _Mp, unsigned(~0), true> {
98   typedef unsigned result_type;
99   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI static result_type next(result_type __x) {
100     const result_type __a = static_cast<result_type>(_Ap);
101     const result_type __c = static_cast<result_type>(_Cp);
102     const result_type __m = static_cast<result_type>(_Mp);
103     // Schrage's algorithm
104     const result_type __q  = __m / __a;
105     const result_type __r  = __m % __a;
106     const result_type __t0 = __a * (__x % __q);
107     const result_type __t1 = __r * (__x / __q);
108     __x                    = __t0 + (__t0 < __t1) * __m - __t1;
109     __x += __c - (__x >= __m - __c) * __m;
110     return __x;
111   }
112 };
113 
114 template <unsigned long long _Ap, unsigned long long _Mp>
115 struct __lce_ta<_Ap, 0, _Mp, unsigned(~0), true> {
116   typedef unsigned result_type;
117   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI static result_type next(result_type __x) {
118     const result_type __a = static_cast<result_type>(_Ap);
119     const result_type __m = static_cast<result_type>(_Mp);
120     // Schrage's algorithm
121     const result_type __q  = __m / __a;
122     const result_type __r  = __m % __a;
123     const result_type __t0 = __a * (__x % __q);
124     const result_type __t1 = __r * (__x / __q);
125     __x                    = __t0 + (__t0 < __t1) * __m - __t1;
126     return __x;
127   }
128 };
129 
130 template <unsigned long long _Ap, unsigned long long _Cp, unsigned long long _Mp>
131 struct __lce_ta<_Ap, _Cp, _Mp, unsigned(~0), false> {
132   typedef unsigned result_type;
133   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI static result_type next(result_type __x) {
134     const result_type __a = static_cast<result_type>(_Ap);
135     const result_type __c = static_cast<result_type>(_Cp);
136     const result_type __m = static_cast<result_type>(_Mp);
137     return (__a * __x + __c) % __m;
138   }
139 };
140 
141 template <unsigned long long _Ap, unsigned long long _Cp>
142 struct __lce_ta<_Ap, _Cp, 0, unsigned(~0), false> {
143   typedef unsigned result_type;
144   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI static result_type next(result_type __x) {
145     const result_type __a = static_cast<result_type>(_Ap);
146     const result_type __c = static_cast<result_type>(_Cp);
147     return __a * __x + __c;
148   }
149 };
150 
151 // 16
152 
153 template <unsigned long long __a, unsigned long long __c, unsigned long long __m, bool __b>
154 struct __lce_ta<__a, __c, __m, (unsigned short)(~0), __b> {
155   typedef unsigned short result_type;
156   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI static result_type next(result_type __x) {
157     return static_cast<result_type>(__lce_ta<__a, __c, __m, unsigned(~0)>::next(__x));
158   }
159 };
160 
161 template <class _UIntType, _UIntType __a, _UIntType __c, _UIntType __m>
162 class _LIBCPP_TEMPLATE_VIS linear_congruential_engine;
163 
164 template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Up, _Up _Ap, _Up _Cp, _Up _Np>
165 _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
166 operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os, const linear_congruential_engine<_Up, _Ap, _Cp, _Np>&);
167 
168 template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Up, _Up _Ap, _Up _Cp, _Up _Np>
169 _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
170 operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is, linear_congruential_engine<_Up, _Ap, _Cp, _Np>& __x);
171 
172 template <class _UIntType, _UIntType __a, _UIntType __c, _UIntType __m>
173 class _LIBCPP_TEMPLATE_VIS linear_congruential_engine {
174 public:
175   // types
176   typedef _UIntType result_type;
177 
178 private:
179   result_type __x_;
180 
181   static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type _Mp = result_type(~0);
182 
183   static_assert(__m == 0 || __a < __m, "linear_congruential_engine invalid parameters");
184   static_assert(__m == 0 || __c < __m, "linear_congruential_engine invalid parameters");
185   static_assert(is_unsigned<_UIntType>::value, "_UIntType must be unsigned type");
186 
187 public:
188   static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type _Min = __c == 0u ? 1u : 0u;
189   static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type _Max = __m - _UIntType(1u);
190   static_assert(_Min < _Max, "linear_congruential_engine invalid parameters");
191 
192   // engine characteristics
193   static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type multiplier = __a;
194   static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type increment  = __c;
195   static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type modulus    = __m;
196   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR result_type min() { return _Min; }
197   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR result_type max() { return _Max; }
198   static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type default_seed = 1u;
199 
200   // constructors and seeding functions
201 #ifndef _LIBCPP_CXX03_LANG
202   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI linear_congruential_engine() : linear_congruential_engine(default_seed) {}
203   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI explicit linear_congruential_engine(result_type __s) { seed(__s); }
204 #else
205   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI explicit linear_congruential_engine(result_type __s = default_seed) { seed(__s); }
206 #endif
207   template <class _Sseq, __enable_if_t<__is_seed_sequence<_Sseq, linear_congruential_engine>::value, int> = 0>
208   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI explicit linear_congruential_engine(_Sseq& __q) {
209     seed(__q);
210   }
211   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI void seed(result_type __s = default_seed) {
212     seed(integral_constant<bool, __m == 0>(), integral_constant<bool, __c == 0>(), __s);
213   }
214   template <class _Sseq, __enable_if_t<__is_seed_sequence<_Sseq, linear_congruential_engine>::value, int> = 0>
215   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI void seed(_Sseq& __q) {
216     __seed(
217         __q,
218         integral_constant<unsigned,
219                           1 + (__m == 0 ? (sizeof(result_type) * __CHAR_BIT__ - 1) / 32 : (__m > 0x100000000ull))>());
220   }
221 
222   // generating functions
223   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI result_type operator()() {
224     return __x_ = static_cast<result_type>(__lce_ta<__a, __c, __m, _Mp>::next(__x_));
225   }
226   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI void discard(unsigned long long __z) {
227     for (; __z; --__z)
228       operator()();
229   }
230 
231   friend _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI bool
232   operator==(const linear_congruential_engine& __x, const linear_congruential_engine& __y) {
233     return __x.__x_ == __y.__x_;
234   }
235   friend _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI bool
236   operator!=(const linear_congruential_engine& __x, const linear_congruential_engine& __y) {
237     return !(__x == __y);
238   }
239 
240 private:
241   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI void seed(true_type, true_type, result_type __s) { __x_ = __s == 0 ? 1 : __s; }
242   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI void seed(true_type, false_type, result_type __s) { __x_ = __s; }
243   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI void seed(false_type, true_type, result_type __s) { __x_ = __s % __m == 0 ? 1 : __s % __m; }
244   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI void seed(false_type, false_type, result_type __s) { __x_ = __s % __m; }
245 
246   template <class _Sseq>
247   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI void __seed(_Sseq& __q, integral_constant<unsigned, 1>);
248   template <class _Sseq>
249   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI void __seed(_Sseq& __q, integral_constant<unsigned, 2>);
250 
251   template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Up, _Up _Ap, _Up _Cp, _Up _Np>
252   friend basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
253   operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os, const linear_congruential_engine<_Up, _Ap, _Cp, _Np>&);
254 
255   template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Up, _Up _Ap, _Up _Cp, _Up _Np>
256   friend basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
257   operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is, linear_congruential_engine<_Up, _Ap, _Cp, _Np>& __x);
258 };
259 
260 template <class _UIntType, _UIntType __a, _UIntType __c, _UIntType __m>
261 _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const typename linear_congruential_engine<_UIntType, __a, __c, __m>::result_type
262     linear_congruential_engine<_UIntType, __a, __c, __m>::multiplier;
263 
264 template <class _UIntType, _UIntType __a, _UIntType __c, _UIntType __m>
265 _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const typename linear_congruential_engine<_UIntType, __a, __c, __m>::result_type
266     linear_congruential_engine<_UIntType, __a, __c, __m>::increment;
267 
268 template <class _UIntType, _UIntType __a, _UIntType __c, _UIntType __m>
269 _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const typename linear_congruential_engine<_UIntType, __a, __c, __m>::result_type
270     linear_congruential_engine<_UIntType, __a, __c, __m>::modulus;
271 
272 template <class _UIntType, _UIntType __a, _UIntType __c, _UIntType __m>
273 _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const typename linear_congruential_engine<_UIntType, __a, __c, __m>::result_type
274     linear_congruential_engine<_UIntType, __a, __c, __m>::default_seed;
275 
276 template <class _UIntType, _UIntType __a, _UIntType __c, _UIntType __m>
277 template <class _Sseq>
278 void linear_congruential_engine<_UIntType, __a, __c, __m>::__seed(_Sseq& __q, integral_constant<unsigned, 1>) {
279   const unsigned __k = 1;
280   uint32_t __ar[__k + 3];
281   __q.generate(__ar, __ar + __k + 3);
282   result_type __s = static_cast<result_type>(__ar[3] % __m);
283   __x_            = __c == 0 && __s == 0 ? result_type(1) : __s;
284 }
285 
286 template <class _UIntType, _UIntType __a, _UIntType __c, _UIntType __m>
287 template <class _Sseq>
288 void linear_congruential_engine<_UIntType, __a, __c, __m>::__seed(_Sseq& __q, integral_constant<unsigned, 2>) {
289   const unsigned __k = 2;
290   uint32_t __ar[__k + 3];
291   __q.generate(__ar, __ar + __k + 3);
292   result_type __s = static_cast<result_type>((__ar[3] + ((uint64_t)__ar[4] << 32)) % __m);
293   __x_            = __c == 0 && __s == 0 ? result_type(1) : __s;
294 }
295 
296 template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _UIntType, _UIntType __a, _UIntType __c, _UIntType __m>
297 inline _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
298 operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os, const linear_congruential_engine<_UIntType, __a, __c, __m>& __x) {
299   __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__os);
300   typedef basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits> _Ostream;
301   __os.flags(_Ostream::dec | _Ostream::left);
302   __os.fill(__os.widen(' '));
303   return __os << __x.__x_;
304 }
305 
306 template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _UIntType, _UIntType __a, _UIntType __c, _UIntType __m>
307 _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
308 operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is, linear_congruential_engine<_UIntType, __a, __c, __m>& __x) {
309   __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__is);
310   typedef basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits> _Istream;
311   __is.flags(_Istream::dec | _Istream::skipws);
312   _UIntType __t;
313   __is >> __t;
314   if (!__is.fail())
315     __x.__x_ = __t;
316   return __is;
317 }
318 
319 typedef linear_congruential_engine<uint_fast32_t, 16807, 0, 2147483647> minstd_rand0;
320 typedef linear_congruential_engine<uint_fast32_t, 48271, 0, 2147483647> minstd_rand;
321 
322 _LIBCPP_END_NAMESPACE_STD
323 
324 _LIBCPP_POP_MACROS
325 
326 #endif // _LIBCPP___RANDOM_LINEAR_CONGRUENTIAL_ENGINE_H
327