1// -*- C++ -*-
2//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
3//
4// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
5// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
6// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
7//
8//===---------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9
10#ifndef _LIBCPP_SPAN
11#define _LIBCPP_SPAN
12
13/*
14    span synopsis
15
16namespace std {
17
18// constants
19inline constexpr size_t dynamic_extent = numeric_limits<size_t>::max();
20
21// [views.span], class template span
22template <class ElementType, size_t Extent = dynamic_extent>
23    class span;
24
25template<class ElementType, size_t Extent>
26  inline constexpr bool ranges::enable_view<span<ElementType, Extent>> = true;
27
28template<class ElementType, size_t Extent>
29    inline constexpr bool ranges::enable_borrowed_range<span<ElementType, Extent>> = true;
30
31// [span.objectrep], views of object representation
32template <class ElementType, size_t Extent>
33    span<const byte, ((Extent == dynamic_extent) ? dynamic_extent :
34        (sizeof(ElementType) * Extent))> as_bytes(span<ElementType, Extent> s) noexcept;
35
36template <class ElementType, size_t Extent>
37    span<      byte, ((Extent == dynamic_extent) ? dynamic_extent :
38        (sizeof(ElementType) * Extent))> as_writable_bytes(span<ElementType, Extent> s) noexcept;
39
40
41template <class ElementType, size_t Extent = dynamic_extent>
42class span {
43public:
44    // constants and types
45    using element_type = ElementType;
46    using value_type = remove_cv_t<ElementType>;
47    using size_type = size_t;
48    using difference_type = ptrdiff_t;
49    using pointer = element_type*;
50    using const_pointer = const element_type*;
51    using reference = element_type&;
52    using const_reference = const element_type&;
53    using iterator = implementation-defined;
54    using reverse_iterator = std::reverse_iterator<iterator>;
55    static constexpr size_type extent = Extent;
56
57    // [span.cons], span constructors, copy, assignment, and destructor
58    constexpr span() noexcept;
59    template <class It>
60    constexpr explicit(Extent != dynamic_extent) span(It first, size_type count);
61    template <class It, class End>
62    constexpr explicit(Extent != dynamic_extent) span(It first, End last);
63    template <size_t N>
64        constexpr span(type_identity_t<element_type> (&arr)[N]) noexcept;
65    template <size_t N>
66        constexpr span(array<value_type, N>& arr) noexcept;
67    template <size_t N>
68        constexpr span(const array<value_type, N>& arr) noexcept;
69    template<class R>
70      constexpr explicit(Extent != dynamic_extent) span(R&& r);
71    constexpr span(const span& other) noexcept = default;
72    template <class OtherElementType, size_t OtherExtent>
73        constexpr explicit(Extent != dynamic_extent) span(const span<OtherElementType, OtherExtent>& s) noexcept;
74    ~span() noexcept = default;
75    constexpr span& operator=(const span& other) noexcept = default;
76
77    // [span.sub], span subviews
78    template <size_t Count>
79        constexpr span<element_type, Count> first() const;
80    template <size_t Count>
81        constexpr span<element_type, Count> last() const;
82    template <size_t Offset, size_t Count = dynamic_extent>
83        constexpr span<element_type, see below> subspan() const;
84
85    constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent> first(size_type count) const;
86    constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent> last(size_type count) const;
87    constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent> subspan(size_type offset, size_type count = dynamic_extent) const;
88
89    // [span.obs], span observers
90    constexpr size_type size() const noexcept;
91    constexpr size_type size_bytes() const noexcept;
92    [[nodiscard]] constexpr bool empty() const noexcept;
93
94    // [span.elem], span element access
95    constexpr reference operator[](size_type idx) const;
96    constexpr reference front() const;
97    constexpr reference back() const;
98    constexpr pointer data() const noexcept;
99
100    // [span.iterators], span iterator support
101    constexpr iterator begin() const noexcept;
102    constexpr iterator end() const noexcept;
103    constexpr reverse_iterator rbegin() const noexcept;
104    constexpr reverse_iterator rend() const noexcept;
105
106private:
107    pointer data_;    // exposition only
108    size_type size_;  // exposition only
109};
110
111template<class It, class EndOrSize>
112    span(It, EndOrSize) -> span<remove_reference_t<iter_reference_t<_It>>>;
113
114template<class T, size_t N>
115    span(T (&)[N]) -> span<T, N>;
116
117template<class T, size_t N>
118    span(array<T, N>&) -> span<T, N>;
119
120template<class T, size_t N>
121    span(const array<T, N>&) -> span<const T, N>;
122
123template<class R>
124    span(R&&) -> span<remove_reference_t<ranges::range_reference_t<R>>>;
125
126} // namespace std
127
128*/
129
130#include <__assert> // all public C++ headers provide the assertion handler
131#include <__config>
132#include <__debug>
133#include <__fwd/span.h>
134#include <__iterator/bounded_iter.h>
135#include <__iterator/concepts.h>
136#include <__iterator/iterator_traits.h>
137#include <__iterator/wrap_iter.h>
138#include <__memory/pointer_traits.h>
139#include <__ranges/concepts.h>
140#include <__ranges/data.h>
141#include <__ranges/enable_borrowed_range.h>
142#include <__ranges/enable_view.h>
143#include <__ranges/size.h>
144#include <__utility/forward.h>
145#include <array>        // for array
146#include <cstddef>      // for byte
147#include <limits>
148#include <type_traits>  // for remove_cv, etc
149#include <version>
150
151#ifndef _LIBCPP_REMOVE_TRANSITIVE_INCLUDES
152#  include <functional>
153#  include <iterator>
154#endif
155
156// standard-mandated includes
157
158// [iterator.range]
159#include <__iterator/access.h>
160#include <__iterator/data.h>
161#include <__iterator/empty.h>
162#include <__iterator/reverse_access.h>
163#include <__iterator/size.h>
164
165#if !defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_PRAGMA_SYSTEM_HEADER)
166#  pragma GCC system_header
167#endif
168
169_LIBCPP_PUSH_MACROS
170#include <__undef_macros>
171
172_LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
173
174#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 17
175
176template <class _Tp>
177struct __is_std_array : false_type {};
178
179template <class _Tp, size_t _Sz>
180struct __is_std_array<array<_Tp, _Sz>> : true_type {};
181
182template <class _Tp>
183struct __is_std_span : false_type {};
184
185template <class _Tp, size_t _Sz>
186struct __is_std_span<span<_Tp, _Sz>> : true_type {};
187
188#if defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_INCOMPLETE_RANGES)
189// This is a temporary workaround until we ship <ranges> -- we've unfortunately been
190// shipping <span> before its API was finalized, and we used to provide a constructor
191// from container types that had the requirements below. To avoid breaking code that
192// has started relying on the range-based constructor until we ship all of <ranges>,
193// we emulate the constructor requirements like this.
194template <class _Range, class _ElementType>
195concept __span_compatible_range =
196  !__is_std_span<remove_cvref_t<_Range>>::value  &&
197  !__is_std_array<remove_cvref_t<_Range>>::value &&
198  !is_array_v<remove_cvref_t<_Range>> &&
199  requires (_Range&& __r) {
200      data(std::forward<_Range>(__r));
201      size(std::forward<_Range>(__r));
202  } &&
203  is_convertible_v<remove_reference_t<ranges::range_reference_t<_Range>>(*)[], _ElementType(*)[]>;
204#else
205template <class _Range, class _ElementType>
206concept __span_compatible_range =
207  ranges::contiguous_range<_Range> &&
208  ranges::sized_range<_Range> &&
209  (ranges::borrowed_range<_Range> || is_const_v<_ElementType>) &&
210  !__is_std_span<remove_cvref_t<_Range>>::value  &&
211  !__is_std_array<remove_cvref_t<_Range>>::value &&
212  !is_array_v<remove_cvref_t<_Range>> &&
213  is_convertible_v<remove_reference_t<ranges::range_reference_t<_Range>>(*)[], _ElementType(*)[]>;
214#endif // !defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_INCOMPLETE_RANGES)
215
216template <class _From, class _To>
217concept __span_array_convertible = is_convertible_v<_From(*)[], _To(*)[]>;
218
219template <class _It, class _Tp>
220concept __span_compatible_iterator = contiguous_iterator<_It> && __span_array_convertible<remove_reference_t<iter_reference_t<_It>>, _Tp>;
221
222template <class _Sentinel, class _It>
223concept __span_compatible_sentinel_for = sized_sentinel_for<_Sentinel, _It> && !is_convertible_v<_Sentinel, size_t>;
224
225template <typename _Tp, size_t _Extent>
226class _LIBCPP_TEMPLATE_VIS span {
227public:
228//  constants and types
229    using element_type           = _Tp;
230    using value_type             = remove_cv_t<_Tp>;
231    using size_type              = size_t;
232    using difference_type        = ptrdiff_t;
233    using pointer                = _Tp *;
234    using const_pointer          = const _Tp *;
235    using reference              = _Tp &;
236    using const_reference        = const _Tp &;
237#ifdef _LIBCPP_ENABLE_DEBUG_MODE
238    using iterator               = __bounded_iter<pointer>;
239#else
240    using iterator               = __wrap_iter<pointer>;
241#endif
242    using reverse_iterator       = _VSTD::reverse_iterator<iterator>;
243
244    static constexpr size_type extent = _Extent;
245
246// [span.cons], span constructors, copy, assignment, and destructor
247    template <size_t _Sz = _Extent> requires(_Sz == 0)
248    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr span() noexcept : __data{nullptr} {}
249
250    constexpr span           (const span&) noexcept = default;
251    constexpr span& operator=(const span&) noexcept = default;
252
253    template <__span_compatible_iterator<element_type> _It>
254    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
255    constexpr explicit span(_It __first, size_type __count)
256        : __data{_VSTD::to_address(__first)} {
257      (void)__count;
258      _LIBCPP_ASSERT(_Extent == __count, "size mismatch in span's constructor (iterator, len)");
259    }
260
261    template <__span_compatible_iterator<element_type> _It, __span_compatible_sentinel_for<_It> _End>
262    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
263    constexpr explicit span(_It __first, _End __last) : __data{_VSTD::to_address(__first)} {
264      (void)__last;
265      _LIBCPP_ASSERT((__last - __first >= 0), "invalid range in span's constructor (iterator, sentinel)");
266      _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__last - __first == _Extent,
267                     "invalid range in span's constructor (iterator, sentinel): last - first != extent");
268    }
269
270    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr span(type_identity_t<element_type> (&__arr)[_Extent]) noexcept : __data{__arr} {}
271
272    template <__span_array_convertible<element_type> _OtherElementType>
273    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
274    constexpr span(array<_OtherElementType, _Extent>& __arr) noexcept : __data{__arr.data()} {}
275
276    template <class _OtherElementType>
277        requires __span_array_convertible<const _OtherElementType, element_type>
278    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
279    constexpr span(const array<_OtherElementType, _Extent>& __arr) noexcept : __data{__arr.data()} {}
280
281#if defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_INCOMPLETE_RANGES)
282    template <class _Container>
283        requires __span_compatible_range<_Container, element_type>
284    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
285    constexpr explicit span(_Container& __c) : __data{std::data(__c)} {
286      _LIBCPP_ASSERT(std::size(__c) == _Extent, "size mismatch in span's constructor (range)");
287    }
288    template <class _Container>
289        requires __span_compatible_range<const _Container, element_type>
290    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
291    constexpr explicit span(const _Container& __c) : __data{std::data(__c)} {
292      _LIBCPP_ASSERT(std::size(__c) == _Extent, "size mismatch in span's constructor (range)");
293    }
294#else
295    template <__span_compatible_range<element_type> _Range>
296    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
297    constexpr explicit span(_Range&& __r) : __data{ranges::data(__r)} {
298      _LIBCPP_ASSERT(ranges::size(__r) == _Extent, "size mismatch in span's constructor (range)");
299    }
300#endif
301
302    template <__span_array_convertible<element_type> _OtherElementType>
303    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
304        constexpr span(const span<_OtherElementType, _Extent>& __other)
305        : __data{__other.data()} {}
306
307    template <__span_array_convertible<element_type> _OtherElementType>
308    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
309        constexpr explicit span(const span<_OtherElementType, dynamic_extent>& __other) noexcept
310        : __data{__other.data()} { _LIBCPP_ASSERT(_Extent == __other.size(), "size mismatch in span's constructor (other span)"); }
311
312
313//  ~span() noexcept = default;
314
315    template <size_t _Count>
316    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
317    constexpr span<element_type, _Count> first() const noexcept
318    {
319        static_assert(_Count <= _Extent, "span<T, N>::first<Count>(): Count out of range");
320        return span<element_type, _Count>{data(), _Count};
321    }
322
323    template <size_t _Count>
324    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
325    constexpr span<element_type, _Count> last() const noexcept
326    {
327        static_assert(_Count <= _Extent, "span<T, N>::last<Count>(): Count out of range");
328        return span<element_type, _Count>{data() + size() - _Count, _Count};
329    }
330
331    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
332    constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent> first(size_type __count) const noexcept
333    {
334        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__count <= size(), "span<T, N>::first(count): count out of range");
335        return {data(), __count};
336    }
337
338    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
339    constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent> last(size_type __count) const noexcept
340    {
341        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__count <= size(), "span<T, N>::last(count): count out of range");
342        return {data() + size() - __count, __count};
343    }
344
345    template <size_t _Offset, size_t _Count = dynamic_extent>
346    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
347    constexpr auto subspan() const noexcept
348        -> span<element_type, _Count != dynamic_extent ? _Count : _Extent - _Offset>
349    {
350        static_assert(_Offset <= _Extent, "span<T, N>::subspan<Offset, Count>(): Offset out of range");
351        static_assert(_Count == dynamic_extent || _Count <= _Extent - _Offset, "span<T, N>::subspan<Offset, Count>(): Offset + Count out of range");
352
353        using _ReturnType = span<element_type, _Count != dynamic_extent ? _Count : _Extent - _Offset>;
354        return _ReturnType{data() + _Offset, _Count == dynamic_extent ? size() - _Offset : _Count};
355    }
356
357
358    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
359    constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent>
360       subspan(size_type __offset, size_type __count = dynamic_extent) const noexcept
361    {
362        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__offset <= size(), "span<T, N>::subspan(offset, count): offset out of range");
363        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__count  <= size() || __count == dynamic_extent, "span<T, N>::subspan(offset, count): count out of range");
364        if (__count == dynamic_extent)
365            return {data() + __offset, size() - __offset};
366        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__count <= size() - __offset, "span<T, N>::subspan(offset, count): offset + count out of range");
367        return {data() + __offset, __count};
368    }
369
370    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr size_type size()           const noexcept { return _Extent; }
371    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr size_type size_bytes()     const noexcept { return _Extent * sizeof(element_type); }
372    [[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr bool empty() const noexcept { return _Extent == 0; }
373
374    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr reference operator[](size_type __idx) const noexcept
375    {
376        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__idx < size(), "span<T, N>::operator[](index): index out of range");
377        return __data[__idx];
378    }
379
380    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr reference front() const noexcept
381    {
382        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(!empty(), "span<T, N>::front() on empty span");
383        return __data[0];
384    }
385
386    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr reference back() const noexcept
387    {
388        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(!empty(), "span<T, N>::back() on empty span");
389        return __data[size()-1];
390    }
391
392    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr pointer data()                         const noexcept { return __data; }
393
394// [span.iter], span iterator support
395    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr iterator begin() const noexcept {
396#ifdef _LIBCPP_ENABLE_DEBUG_MODE
397        return std::__make_bounded_iter(data(), data(), data() + size());
398#else
399        return iterator(this, data());
400#endif
401    }
402    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr iterator end() const noexcept {
403#ifdef _LIBCPP_ENABLE_DEBUG_MODE
404        return std::__make_bounded_iter(data() + size(), data(), data() + size());
405#else
406        return iterator(this, data() + size());
407#endif
408    }
409    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr reverse_iterator        rbegin() const noexcept { return reverse_iterator(end()); }
410    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr reverse_iterator          rend() const noexcept { return reverse_iterator(begin()); }
411
412    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY span<const byte, _Extent * sizeof(element_type)> __as_bytes() const noexcept
413    { return span<const byte, _Extent * sizeof(element_type)>{reinterpret_cast<const byte *>(data()), size_bytes()}; }
414
415    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY span<byte, _Extent * sizeof(element_type)> __as_writable_bytes() const noexcept
416    { return span<byte, _Extent * sizeof(element_type)>{reinterpret_cast<byte *>(data()), size_bytes()}; }
417
418private:
419    pointer    __data;
420};
421
422
423template <typename _Tp>
424class _LIBCPP_TEMPLATE_VIS span<_Tp, dynamic_extent> {
425public:
426//  constants and types
427    using element_type           = _Tp;
428    using value_type             = remove_cv_t<_Tp>;
429    using size_type              = size_t;
430    using difference_type        = ptrdiff_t;
431    using pointer                = _Tp *;
432    using const_pointer          = const _Tp *;
433    using reference              = _Tp &;
434    using const_reference        = const _Tp &;
435#ifdef _LIBCPP_ENABLE_DEBUG_MODE
436    using iterator               = __bounded_iter<pointer>;
437#else
438    using iterator               = __wrap_iter<pointer>;
439#endif
440    using reverse_iterator       = _VSTD::reverse_iterator<iterator>;
441
442    static constexpr size_type extent = dynamic_extent;
443
444// [span.cons], span constructors, copy, assignment, and destructor
445    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr span() noexcept : __data{nullptr}, __size{0} {}
446
447    constexpr span           (const span&) noexcept = default;
448    constexpr span& operator=(const span&) noexcept = default;
449
450    template <__span_compatible_iterator<element_type> _It>
451    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
452    constexpr span(_It __first, size_type __count)
453        : __data{_VSTD::to_address(__first)}, __size{__count} {}
454
455    template <__span_compatible_iterator<element_type> _It, __span_compatible_sentinel_for<_It> _End>
456    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr span(_It __first, _End __last)
457        : __data(_VSTD::to_address(__first)), __size(__last - __first) {
458      _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__last - __first >= 0, "invalid range in span's constructor (iterator, sentinel)");
459    }
460
461    template <size_t _Sz>
462    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
463    constexpr span(type_identity_t<element_type> (&__arr)[_Sz]) noexcept : __data{__arr}, __size{_Sz} {}
464
465    template <__span_array_convertible<element_type> _OtherElementType, size_t _Sz>
466    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
467    constexpr span(array<_OtherElementType, _Sz>& __arr) noexcept : __data{__arr.data()}, __size{_Sz} {}
468
469    template <class _OtherElementType, size_t _Sz>
470        requires __span_array_convertible<const _OtherElementType, element_type>
471    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
472    constexpr span(const array<_OtherElementType, _Sz>& __arr) noexcept : __data{__arr.data()}, __size{_Sz} {}
473
474#if defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_INCOMPLETE_RANGES)
475    template <class _Container>
476        requires __span_compatible_range<_Container, element_type>
477    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
478    constexpr span(_Container& __c) : __data(std::data(__c)), __size{std::size(__c)} {}
479    template <class _Container>
480        requires __span_compatible_range<const _Container, element_type>
481    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
482    constexpr span(const _Container& __c) : __data(std::data(__c)), __size{std::size(__c)} {}
483#else
484    template <__span_compatible_range<element_type> _Range>
485    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
486    constexpr span(_Range&& __r) : __data(ranges::data(__r)), __size{ranges::size(__r)} {}
487#endif
488
489    template <__span_array_convertible<element_type> _OtherElementType, size_t _OtherExtent>
490    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
491        constexpr span(const span<_OtherElementType, _OtherExtent>& __other)  noexcept
492        : __data{__other.data()}, __size{__other.size()} {}
493
494//    ~span() noexcept = default;
495
496    template <size_t _Count>
497    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
498    constexpr span<element_type, _Count> first() const noexcept
499    {
500        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(_Count <= size(), "span<T>::first<Count>(): Count out of range");
501        return span<element_type, _Count>{data(), _Count};
502    }
503
504    template <size_t _Count>
505    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
506    constexpr span<element_type, _Count> last() const noexcept
507    {
508        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(_Count <= size(), "span<T>::last<Count>(): Count out of range");
509        return span<element_type, _Count>{data() + size() - _Count, _Count};
510    }
511
512    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
513    constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent> first(size_type __count) const noexcept
514    {
515        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__count <= size(), "span<T>::first(count): count out of range");
516        return {data(), __count};
517    }
518
519    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
520    constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent> last (size_type __count) const noexcept
521    {
522        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__count <= size(), "span<T>::last(count): count out of range");
523        return {data() + size() - __count, __count};
524    }
525
526    template <size_t _Offset, size_t _Count = dynamic_extent>
527    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
528    constexpr span<element_type, _Count> subspan() const noexcept
529    {
530        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(_Offset <= size(), "span<T>::subspan<Offset, Count>(): Offset out of range");
531        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(_Count == dynamic_extent || _Count <= size() - _Offset, "span<T>::subspan<Offset, Count>(): Offset + Count out of range");
532        return span<element_type, _Count>{data() + _Offset, _Count == dynamic_extent ? size() - _Offset : _Count};
533    }
534
535    constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent>
536    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
537    subspan(size_type __offset, size_type __count = dynamic_extent) const noexcept
538    {
539        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__offset <= size(), "span<T>::subspan(offset, count): offset out of range");
540        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__count <= size() || __count == dynamic_extent, "span<T>::subspan(offset, count): count out of range");
541        if (__count == dynamic_extent)
542            return {data() + __offset, size() - __offset};
543        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__count <= size() - __offset, "span<T>::subspan(offset, count): offset + count out of range");
544        return {data() + __offset, __count};
545    }
546
547    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr size_type size()           const noexcept { return __size; }
548    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr size_type size_bytes()     const noexcept { return __size * sizeof(element_type); }
549    [[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr bool empty() const noexcept { return __size == 0; }
550
551    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr reference operator[](size_type __idx) const noexcept
552    {
553        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__idx < size(), "span<T>::operator[](index): index out of range");
554        return __data[__idx];
555    }
556
557    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr reference front() const noexcept
558    {
559        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(!empty(), "span<T>::front() on empty span");
560        return __data[0];
561    }
562
563    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr reference back() const noexcept
564    {
565        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(!empty(), "span<T>::back() on empty span");
566        return __data[size()-1];
567    }
568
569
570    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr pointer data()                         const noexcept { return __data; }
571
572// [span.iter], span iterator support
573    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr iterator begin() const noexcept {
574#ifdef _LIBCPP_ENABLE_DEBUG_MODE
575        return std::__make_bounded_iter(data(), data(), data() + size());
576#else
577        return iterator(this, data());
578#endif
579    }
580    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr iterator end() const noexcept {
581#ifdef _LIBCPP_ENABLE_DEBUG_MODE
582        return std::__make_bounded_iter(data() + size(), data(), data() + size());
583#else
584        return iterator(this, data() + size());
585#endif
586    }
587    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr reverse_iterator        rbegin() const noexcept { return reverse_iterator(end()); }
588    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr reverse_iterator          rend() const noexcept { return reverse_iterator(begin()); }
589
590    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY span<const byte, dynamic_extent> __as_bytes() const noexcept
591    { return {reinterpret_cast<const byte *>(data()), size_bytes()}; }
592
593    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY span<byte, dynamic_extent> __as_writable_bytes() const noexcept
594    { return {reinterpret_cast<byte *>(data()), size_bytes()}; }
595
596private:
597    pointer   __data;
598    size_type __size;
599};
600
601template <class _Tp, size_t _Extent>
602inline constexpr bool ranges::enable_borrowed_range<span<_Tp, _Extent> > = true;
603
604template <class _ElementType, size_t _Extent>
605inline constexpr bool ranges::enable_view<span<_ElementType, _Extent>> = true;
606
607//  as_bytes & as_writable_bytes
608template <class _Tp, size_t _Extent>
609_LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
610auto as_bytes(span<_Tp, _Extent> __s) noexcept
611{ return __s.__as_bytes(); }
612
613template <class _Tp, size_t _Extent> requires(!is_const_v<_Tp>)
614_LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
615auto as_writable_bytes(span<_Tp, _Extent> __s) noexcept
616{ return __s.__as_writable_bytes(); }
617
618#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 17
619template<contiguous_iterator _It, class _EndOrSize>
620    span(_It, _EndOrSize) -> span<remove_reference_t<iter_reference_t<_It>>>;
621#endif // _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 17
622
623template<class _Tp, size_t _Sz>
624    span(_Tp (&)[_Sz]) -> span<_Tp, _Sz>;
625
626template<class _Tp, size_t _Sz>
627    span(array<_Tp, _Sz>&) -> span<_Tp, _Sz>;
628
629template<class _Tp, size_t _Sz>
630    span(const array<_Tp, _Sz>&) -> span<const _Tp, _Sz>;
631
632#if defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_INCOMPLETE_RANGES)
633template<class _Container>
634    span(_Container&) -> span<typename _Container::value_type>;
635
636template<class _Container>
637    span(const _Container&) -> span<const typename _Container::value_type>;
638#else
639template<ranges::contiguous_range _Range>
640    span(_Range&&) -> span<remove_reference_t<ranges::range_reference_t<_Range>>>;
641#endif
642
643#endif // _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 17
644
645_LIBCPP_END_NAMESPACE_STD
646
647_LIBCPP_POP_MACROS
648
649#endif // _LIBCPP_SPAN
650