1 //===-- ProcessFreeBSDKernel.cpp ------------------------------------------===//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 
9 #include "lldb/Core/Module.h"
10 #include "lldb/Core/PluginManager.h"
11 #include "lldb/Target/DynamicLoader.h"
12 
13 #include "Plugins/DynamicLoader/Static/DynamicLoaderStatic.h"
14 #include "ProcessFreeBSDKernel.h"
15 #include "ThreadFreeBSDKernel.h"
16 
17 #if LLDB_ENABLE_FBSDVMCORE
18 #include <fvc.h>
19 #endif
20 #if defined(__FreeBSD__)
21 #include <kvm.h>
22 #endif
23 
24 using namespace lldb;
25 using namespace lldb_private;
26 
27 LLDB_PLUGIN_DEFINE(ProcessFreeBSDKernel)
28 
29 namespace {
30 
31 #if LLDB_ENABLE_FBSDVMCORE
32 class ProcessFreeBSDKernelFVC : public ProcessFreeBSDKernel {
33 public:
34   ProcessFreeBSDKernelFVC(lldb::TargetSP target_sp, lldb::ListenerSP listener,
35                           fvc_t *fvc);
36 
37   ~ProcessFreeBSDKernelFVC();
38 
39   size_t DoReadMemory(lldb::addr_t addr, void *buf, size_t size,
40                       lldb_private::Status &error) override;
41 
42 private:
43   fvc_t *m_fvc;
44 
45   const char *GetError();
46 };
47 #endif // LLDB_ENABLE_FBSDVMCORE
48 
49 #if defined(__FreeBSD__)
50 class ProcessFreeBSDKernelKVM : public ProcessFreeBSDKernel {
51 public:
52   ProcessFreeBSDKernelKVM(lldb::TargetSP target_sp, lldb::ListenerSP listener,
53                           kvm_t *fvc);
54 
55   ~ProcessFreeBSDKernelKVM();
56 
57   size_t DoReadMemory(lldb::addr_t addr, void *buf, size_t size,
58                       lldb_private::Status &error) override;
59 
60 private:
61   kvm_t *m_kvm;
62 
63   const char *GetError();
64 };
65 #endif // defined(__FreeBSD__)
66 
67 } // namespace
68 
69 ProcessFreeBSDKernel::ProcessFreeBSDKernel(lldb::TargetSP target_sp,
70                                            ListenerSP listener_sp)
71     : PostMortemProcess(target_sp, listener_sp) {}
72 
73 lldb::ProcessSP ProcessFreeBSDKernel::CreateInstance(lldb::TargetSP target_sp,
74                                                      ListenerSP listener_sp,
75                                                      const FileSpec *crash_file,
76                                                      bool can_connect) {
77   ModuleSP executable = target_sp->GetExecutableModule();
78   if (crash_file && !can_connect && executable) {
79 #if LLDB_ENABLE_FBSDVMCORE
80     fvc_t *fvc =
81         fvc_open(executable->GetFileSpec().GetPath().c_str(),
82                  crash_file->GetPath().c_str(), nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
83     if (fvc)
84       return std::make_shared<ProcessFreeBSDKernelFVC>(target_sp, listener_sp,
85                                                        fvc);
86 #endif
87 
88 #if defined(__FreeBSD__)
89     kvm_t *kvm =
90         kvm_open2(executable->GetFileSpec().GetPath().c_str(),
91                   crash_file->GetPath().c_str(), O_RDONLY, nullptr, nullptr);
92     if (kvm)
93       return std::make_shared<ProcessFreeBSDKernelKVM>(target_sp, listener_sp,
94                                                        kvm);
95 #endif
96   }
97   return nullptr;
98 }
99 
100 void ProcessFreeBSDKernel::Initialize() {
101   static llvm::once_flag g_once_flag;
102 
103   llvm::call_once(g_once_flag, []() {
104     PluginManager::RegisterPlugin(GetPluginNameStatic(),
105                                   GetPluginDescriptionStatic(), CreateInstance);
106   });
107 }
108 
109 void ProcessFreeBSDKernel::Terminate() {
110   PluginManager::UnregisterPlugin(ProcessFreeBSDKernel::CreateInstance);
111 }
112 
113 Status ProcessFreeBSDKernel::DoDestroy() { return Status(); }
114 
115 bool ProcessFreeBSDKernel::CanDebug(lldb::TargetSP target_sp,
116                                     bool plugin_specified_by_name) {
117   return true;
118 }
119 
120 void ProcessFreeBSDKernel::RefreshStateAfterStop() {}
121 
122 bool ProcessFreeBSDKernel::DoUpdateThreadList(ThreadList &old_thread_list,
123                                               ThreadList &new_thread_list) {
124   if (old_thread_list.GetSize(false) == 0) {
125     // Make up the thread the first time this is called so we can set our one
126     // and only core thread state up.
127 
128     // We cannot construct a thread without a register context as that crashes
129     // LLDB but we can construct a process without threads to provide minimal
130     // memory reading support.
131     switch (GetTarget().GetArchitecture().GetMachine()) {
132     case llvm::Triple::aarch64:
133     case llvm::Triple::x86:
134     case llvm::Triple::x86_64:
135       break;
136     default:
137       return false;
138     }
139 
140     Status error;
141 
142     // struct field offsets are written as symbols so that we don't have
143     // to figure them out ourselves
144     int32_t offset_p_list = ReadSignedIntegerFromMemory(
145         FindSymbol("proc_off_p_list"), 4, -1, error);
146     int32_t offset_p_pid =
147         ReadSignedIntegerFromMemory(FindSymbol("proc_off_p_pid"), 4, -1, error);
148     int32_t offset_p_threads = ReadSignedIntegerFromMemory(
149         FindSymbol("proc_off_p_threads"), 4, -1, error);
150     int32_t offset_p_comm = ReadSignedIntegerFromMemory(
151         FindSymbol("proc_off_p_comm"), 4, -1, error);
152 
153     int32_t offset_td_tid = ReadSignedIntegerFromMemory(
154         FindSymbol("thread_off_td_tid"), 4, -1, error);
155     int32_t offset_td_plist = ReadSignedIntegerFromMemory(
156         FindSymbol("thread_off_td_plist"), 4, -1, error);
157     int32_t offset_td_pcb = ReadSignedIntegerFromMemory(
158         FindSymbol("thread_off_td_pcb"), 4, -1, error);
159     int32_t offset_td_oncpu = ReadSignedIntegerFromMemory(
160         FindSymbol("thread_off_td_oncpu"), 4, -1, error);
161     int32_t offset_td_name = ReadSignedIntegerFromMemory(
162         FindSymbol("thread_off_td_name"), 4, -1, error);
163 
164     // fail if we were not able to read any of the offsets
165     if (offset_p_list == -1 || offset_p_pid == -1 || offset_p_threads == -1 ||
166         offset_p_comm == -1 || offset_td_tid == -1 || offset_td_plist == -1 ||
167         offset_td_pcb == -1 || offset_td_oncpu == -1 || offset_td_name == -1)
168       return false;
169 
170     // dumptid contains the thread-id of the crashing thread
171     // dumppcb contains its PCB
172     int32_t dumptid =
173         ReadSignedIntegerFromMemory(FindSymbol("dumptid"), 4, -1, error);
174     lldb::addr_t dumppcb = FindSymbol("dumppcb");
175 
176     // stoppcbs is an array of PCBs on all CPUs
177     // each element is of size pcb_size
178     int32_t pcbsize =
179         ReadSignedIntegerFromMemory(FindSymbol("pcb_size"), 4, -1, error);
180     lldb::addr_t stoppcbs = FindSymbol("stoppcbs");
181     // In later FreeBSD versions stoppcbs is a pointer to the array.
182     int32_t osreldate =
183         ReadSignedIntegerFromMemory(FindSymbol("osreldate"), 4, -1, error);
184     if (stoppcbs != LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS && osreldate >= 1400089)
185         stoppcbs = ReadPointerFromMemory(stoppcbs, error);
186 
187     // from FreeBSD sys/param.h
188     constexpr size_t fbsd_maxcomlen = 19;
189 
190     // iterate through a linked list of all processes
191     // allproc is a pointer to the first list element, p_list field
192     // (found at offset_p_list) specifies the next element
193     for (lldb::addr_t proc =
194              ReadPointerFromMemory(FindSymbol("allproc"), error);
195          proc != 0 && proc != LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS;
196          proc = ReadPointerFromMemory(proc + offset_p_list, error)) {
197       int32_t pid =
198           ReadSignedIntegerFromMemory(proc + offset_p_pid, 4, -1, error);
199       // process' command-line string
200       char comm[fbsd_maxcomlen + 1];
201       ReadCStringFromMemory(proc + offset_p_comm, comm, sizeof(comm), error);
202 
203       // iterate through a linked list of all process' threads
204       // the initial thread is found in process' p_threads, subsequent
205       // elements are linked via td_plist field
206       for (lldb::addr_t td =
207                ReadPointerFromMemory(proc + offset_p_threads, error);
208            td != 0; td = ReadPointerFromMemory(td + offset_td_plist, error)) {
209         int32_t tid =
210             ReadSignedIntegerFromMemory(td + offset_td_tid, 4, -1, error);
211         lldb::addr_t pcb_addr =
212             ReadPointerFromMemory(td + offset_td_pcb, error);
213         // whether process was on CPU (-1 if not, otherwise CPU number)
214         int32_t oncpu =
215             ReadSignedIntegerFromMemory(td + offset_td_oncpu, 4, -2, error);
216         // thread name
217         char thread_name[fbsd_maxcomlen + 1];
218         ReadCStringFromMemory(td + offset_td_name, thread_name,
219                               sizeof(thread_name), error);
220 
221         // if we failed to read TID, ignore this thread
222         if (tid == -1)
223           continue;
224 
225         std::string thread_desc = llvm::formatv("(pid {0}) {1}", pid, comm);
226         if (*thread_name && strcmp(thread_name, comm)) {
227           thread_desc += '/';
228           thread_desc += thread_name;
229         }
230 
231         // roughly:
232         // 1. if the thread crashed, its PCB is going to be at "dumppcb"
233         // 2. if the thread was on CPU, its PCB is going to be on the CPU
234         // 3. otherwise, its PCB is in the thread struct
235         if (tid == dumptid) {
236           // NB: dumppcb can be LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS if reading it failed
237           pcb_addr = dumppcb;
238           thread_desc += " (crashed)";
239         } else if (oncpu != -1) {
240           // if we managed to read stoppcbs and pcb_size, use them to find
241           // the correct PCB
242           if (stoppcbs != LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS && pcbsize > 0)
243             pcb_addr = stoppcbs + oncpu * pcbsize;
244           else
245             pcb_addr = LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS;
246           thread_desc += llvm::formatv(" (on CPU {0})", oncpu);
247         }
248 
249         ThreadSP thread_sp{
250             new ThreadFreeBSDKernel(*this, tid, pcb_addr, thread_desc)};
251         new_thread_list.AddThread(thread_sp);
252       }
253     }
254   } else {
255     const uint32_t num_threads = old_thread_list.GetSize(false);
256     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < num_threads; ++i)
257       new_thread_list.AddThread(old_thread_list.GetThreadAtIndex(i, false));
258   }
259   return new_thread_list.GetSize(false) > 0;
260 }
261 
262 Status ProcessFreeBSDKernel::DoLoadCore() {
263   // The core is already loaded by CreateInstance().
264   return Status();
265 }
266 
267 DynamicLoader *ProcessFreeBSDKernel::GetDynamicLoader() {
268   if (m_dyld_up.get() == nullptr)
269     m_dyld_up.reset(DynamicLoader::FindPlugin(
270         this, DynamicLoaderStatic::GetPluginNameStatic()));
271   return m_dyld_up.get();
272 }
273 
274 lldb::addr_t ProcessFreeBSDKernel::FindSymbol(const char *name) {
275   ModuleSP mod_sp = GetTarget().GetExecutableModule();
276   const Symbol *sym = mod_sp->FindFirstSymbolWithNameAndType(ConstString(name));
277   return sym ? sym->GetLoadAddress(&GetTarget()) : LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS;
278 }
279 
280 #if LLDB_ENABLE_FBSDVMCORE
281 
282 ProcessFreeBSDKernelFVC::ProcessFreeBSDKernelFVC(lldb::TargetSP target_sp,
283                                                  ListenerSP listener_sp,
284                                                  fvc_t *fvc)
285     : ProcessFreeBSDKernel(target_sp, listener_sp), m_fvc(fvc) {}
286 
287 ProcessFreeBSDKernelFVC::~ProcessFreeBSDKernelFVC() {
288   if (m_fvc)
289     fvc_close(m_fvc);
290 }
291 
292 size_t ProcessFreeBSDKernelFVC::DoReadMemory(lldb::addr_t addr, void *buf,
293                                              size_t size, Status &error) {
294   ssize_t rd = 0;
295   rd = fvc_read(m_fvc, addr, buf, size);
296   if (rd < 0 || static_cast<size_t>(rd) != size) {
297     error.SetErrorStringWithFormat("Reading memory failed: %s", GetError());
298     return rd > 0 ? rd : 0;
299   }
300   return rd;
301 }
302 
303 const char *ProcessFreeBSDKernelFVC::GetError() { return fvc_geterr(m_fvc); }
304 
305 #endif // LLDB_ENABLE_FBSDVMCORE
306 
307 #if defined(__FreeBSD__)
308 
309 ProcessFreeBSDKernelKVM::ProcessFreeBSDKernelKVM(lldb::TargetSP target_sp,
310                                                  ListenerSP listener_sp,
311                                                  kvm_t *fvc)
312     : ProcessFreeBSDKernel(target_sp, listener_sp), m_kvm(fvc) {}
313 
314 ProcessFreeBSDKernelKVM::~ProcessFreeBSDKernelKVM() {
315   if (m_kvm)
316     kvm_close(m_kvm);
317 }
318 
319 size_t ProcessFreeBSDKernelKVM::DoReadMemory(lldb::addr_t addr, void *buf,
320                                              size_t size, Status &error) {
321   ssize_t rd = 0;
322   rd = kvm_read2(m_kvm, addr, buf, size);
323   if (rd < 0 || static_cast<size_t>(rd) != size) {
324     error.SetErrorStringWithFormat("Reading memory failed: %s", GetError());
325     return rd > 0 ? rd : 0;
326   }
327   return rd;
328 }
329 
330 const char *ProcessFreeBSDKernelKVM::GetError() { return kvm_geterr(m_kvm); }
331 
332 #endif // defined(__FreeBSD__)
333