1 //===- GsymCreator.h --------------------------------------------*- C++ -*-===//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 
9 #ifndef LLVM_DEBUGINFO_GSYM_GSYMCREATOR_H
10 #define LLVM_DEBUGINFO_GSYM_GSYMCREATOR_H
11 
12 #include <functional>
13 #include <memory>
14 #include <mutex>
15 #include <thread>
16 
17 #include "llvm/ADT/AddressRanges.h"
18 #include "llvm/ADT/ArrayRef.h"
19 #include "llvm/ADT/StringSet.h"
20 #include "llvm/DebugInfo/GSYM/FileEntry.h"
21 #include "llvm/DebugInfo/GSYM/FunctionInfo.h"
22 #include "llvm/MC/StringTableBuilder.h"
23 #include "llvm/Support/Endian.h"
24 #include "llvm/Support/Error.h"
25 #include "llvm/Support/Path.h"
26 
27 namespace llvm {
28 
29 namespace gsym {
30 class FileWriter;
31 
32 /// GsymCreator is used to emit GSYM data to a stand alone file or section
33 /// within a file.
34 ///
35 /// The GsymCreator is designed to be used in 3 stages:
36 /// - Create FunctionInfo objects and add them
37 /// - Finalize the GsymCreator object
38 /// - Save to file or section
39 ///
40 /// The first stage involves creating FunctionInfo objects from another source
41 /// of information like compiler debug info metadata, DWARF or Breakpad files.
42 /// Any strings in the FunctionInfo or contained information, like InlineInfo
43 /// or LineTable objects, should get the string table offsets by calling
44 /// GsymCreator::insertString(...). Any file indexes that are needed should be
45 /// obtained by calling GsymCreator::insertFile(...). All of the function calls
46 /// in GsymCreator are thread safe. This allows multiple threads to create and
47 /// add FunctionInfo objects while parsing debug information.
48 ///
49 /// Once all of the FunctionInfo objects have been added, the
50 /// GsymCreator::finalize(...) must be called prior to saving. This function
51 /// will sort the FunctionInfo objects, finalize the string table, and do any
52 /// other passes on the information needed to prepare the information to be
53 /// saved.
54 ///
55 /// Once the object has been finalized, it can be saved to a file or section.
56 ///
57 /// ENCODING
58 ///
59 /// GSYM files are designed to be memory mapped into a process as shared, read
60 /// only data, and used as is.
61 ///
62 /// The GSYM file format when in a stand alone file consists of:
63 ///   - Header
64 ///   - Address Table
65 ///   - Function Info Offsets
66 ///   - File Table
67 ///   - String Table
68 ///   - Function Info Data
69 ///
70 /// HEADER
71 ///
72 /// The header is fully described in "llvm/DebugInfo/GSYM/Header.h".
73 ///
74 /// ADDRESS TABLE
75 ///
76 /// The address table immediately follows the header in the file and consists
77 /// of Header.NumAddresses address offsets. These offsets are sorted and can be
78 /// binary searched for efficient lookups. Addresses in the address table are
79 /// stored as offsets from a 64 bit base address found in Header.BaseAddress.
80 /// This allows the address table to contain 8, 16, or 32 offsets. This allows
81 /// the address table to not require full 64 bit addresses for each address.
82 /// The resulting GSYM size is smaller and causes fewer pages to be touched
83 /// during address lookups when the address table is smaller. The size of the
84 /// address offsets in the address table is specified in the header in
85 /// Header.AddrOffSize. The first offset in the address table is aligned to
86 /// Header.AddrOffSize alignment to ensure efficient access when loaded into
87 /// memory.
88 ///
89 /// FUNCTION INFO OFFSETS TABLE
90 ///
91 /// The function info offsets table immediately follows the address table and
92 /// consists of Header.NumAddresses 32 bit file offsets: one for each address
93 /// in the address table. This data is aligned to a 4 byte boundary. The
94 /// offsets in this table are the relative offsets from the start offset of the
95 /// GSYM header and point to the function info data for each address in the
96 /// address table. Keeping this data separate from the address table helps to
97 /// reduce the number of pages that are touched when address lookups occur on a
98 /// GSYM file.
99 ///
100 /// FILE TABLE
101 ///
102 /// The file table immediately follows the function info offsets table. The
103 /// encoding of the FileTable is:
104 ///
105 /// struct FileTable {
106 ///   uint32_t Count;
107 ///   FileEntry Files[];
108 /// };
109 ///
110 /// The file table starts with a 32 bit count of the number of files that are
111 /// used in all of the function info, followed by that number of FileEntry
112 /// structures. The file table is aligned to a 4 byte boundary, Each file in
113 /// the file table is represented with a FileEntry structure.
114 /// See "llvm/DebugInfo/GSYM/FileEntry.h" for details.
115 ///
116 /// STRING TABLE
117 ///
118 /// The string table follows the file table in stand alone GSYM files and
119 /// contains all strings for everything contained in the GSYM file. Any string
120 /// data should be added to the string table and any references to strings
121 /// inside GSYM information must be stored as 32 bit string table offsets into
122 /// this string table. The string table always starts with an empty string at
123 /// offset zero and is followed by any strings needed by the GSYM information.
124 /// The start of the string table is not aligned to any boundary.
125 ///
126 /// FUNCTION INFO DATA
127 ///
128 /// The function info data is the payload that contains information about the
129 /// address that is being looked up. It contains all of the encoded
130 /// FunctionInfo objects. Each encoded FunctionInfo's data is pointed to by an
131 /// entry in the Function Info Offsets Table. For details on the exact encoding
132 /// of FunctionInfo objects, see "llvm/DebugInfo/GSYM/FunctionInfo.h".
133 class GsymCreator {
134   // Private member variables require Mutex protections
135   mutable std::mutex Mutex;
136   std::vector<FunctionInfo> Funcs;
137   StringTableBuilder StrTab;
138   StringSet<> StringStorage;
139   DenseMap<llvm::gsym::FileEntry, uint32_t> FileEntryToIndex;
140   std::vector<llvm::gsym::FileEntry> Files;
141   std::vector<uint8_t> UUID;
142   std::optional<AddressRanges> ValidTextRanges;
143   AddressRanges Ranges;
144   std::optional<uint64_t> BaseAddress;
145   bool Finalized = false;
146   bool Quiet;
147 
148 public:
149   GsymCreator(bool Quiet = false);
150 
151   /// Save a GSYM file to a stand alone file.
152   ///
153   /// \param Path The file path to save the GSYM file to.
154   /// \param ByteOrder The endianness to use when saving the file.
155   /// \returns An error object that indicates success or failure of the save.
156   llvm::Error save(StringRef Path, llvm::support::endianness ByteOrder) const;
157 
158   /// Encode a GSYM into the file writer stream at the current position.
159   ///
160   /// \param O The stream to save the binary data to
161   /// \returns An error object that indicates success or failure of the save.
162   llvm::Error encode(FileWriter &O) const;
163 
164   /// Insert a string into the GSYM string table.
165   ///
166   /// All strings used by GSYM files must be uniqued by adding them to this
167   /// string pool and using the returned offset for any string values.
168   ///
169   /// \param S The string to insert into the string table.
170   /// \param Copy If true, then make a backing copy of the string. If false,
171   ///             the string is owned by another object that will stay around
172   ///             long enough for the GsymCreator to save the GSYM file.
173   /// \returns The unique 32 bit offset into the string table.
174   uint32_t insertString(StringRef S, bool Copy = true);
175 
176   /// Insert a file into this GSYM creator.
177   ///
178   /// Inserts a file by adding a FileEntry into the "Files" member variable if
179   /// the file has not already been added. The file path is split into
180   /// directory and filename which are both added to the string table. This
181   /// allows paths to be stored efficiently by reusing the directories that are
182   /// common between multiple files.
183   ///
184   /// \param   Path The path to the file to insert.
185   /// \param   Style The path style for the "Path" parameter.
186   /// \returns The unique file index for the inserted file.
187   uint32_t insertFile(StringRef Path,
188                       sys::path::Style Style = sys::path::Style::native);
189 
190   /// Add a function info to this GSYM creator.
191   ///
192   /// All information in the FunctionInfo object must use the
193   /// GsymCreator::insertString(...) function when creating string table
194   /// offsets for names and other strings.
195   ///
196   /// \param   FI The function info object to emplace into our functions list.
197   void addFunctionInfo(FunctionInfo &&FI);
198 
199   /// Finalize the data in the GSYM creator prior to saving the data out.
200   ///
201   /// Finalize must be called after all FunctionInfo objects have been added
202   /// and before GsymCreator::save() is called.
203   ///
204   /// \param  OS Output stream to report duplicate function infos, overlapping
205   ///         function infos, and function infos that were merged or removed.
206   /// \returns An error object that indicates success or failure of the
207   ///          finalize.
208   llvm::Error finalize(llvm::raw_ostream &OS);
209 
210   /// Set the UUID value.
211   ///
212   /// \param UUIDBytes The new UUID bytes.
213   void setUUID(llvm::ArrayRef<uint8_t> UUIDBytes) {
214     UUID.assign(UUIDBytes.begin(), UUIDBytes.end());
215   }
216 
217   /// Thread safe iteration over all function infos.
218   ///
219   /// \param  Callback A callback function that will get called with each
220   ///         FunctionInfo. If the callback returns false, stop iterating.
221   void forEachFunctionInfo(
222       std::function<bool(FunctionInfo &)> const &Callback);
223 
224   /// Thread safe const iteration over all function infos.
225   ///
226   /// \param  Callback A callback function that will get called with each
227   ///         FunctionInfo. If the callback returns false, stop iterating.
228   void forEachFunctionInfo(
229       std::function<bool(const FunctionInfo &)> const &Callback) const;
230 
231   /// Get the current number of FunctionInfo objects contained in this
232   /// object.
233   size_t getNumFunctionInfos() const;
234 
235   /// Check if an address has already been added as a function info.
236   ///
237   /// FunctionInfo data can come from many sources: debug info, symbol tables,
238   /// exception information, and more. Symbol tables should be added after
239   /// debug info and can use this function to see if a symbol's start address
240   /// has already been added to the GsymReader. Calling this before adding
241   /// a function info from a source other than debug info avoids clients adding
242   /// many redundant FunctionInfo objects from many sources only for them to be
243   /// removed during the finalize() call.
244   bool hasFunctionInfoForAddress(uint64_t Addr) const;
245 
246   /// Set valid .text address ranges that all functions must be contained in.
247   void SetValidTextRanges(AddressRanges &TextRanges) {
248     ValidTextRanges = TextRanges;
249   }
250 
251   /// Get the valid text ranges.
252   const std::optional<AddressRanges> GetValidTextRanges() const {
253     return ValidTextRanges;
254   }
255 
256   /// Check if an address is a valid code address.
257   ///
258   /// Any functions whose addresses do not exist within these function bounds
259   /// will not be converted into the final GSYM. This allows the object file
260   /// to figure out the valid file address ranges of all the code sections
261   /// and ensure we don't add invalid functions to the final output. Many
262   /// linkers have issues when dead stripping functions from DWARF debug info
263   /// where they set the DW_AT_low_pc to zero, but newer DWARF has the
264   /// DW_AT_high_pc as an offset from the DW_AT_low_pc and these size
265   /// attributes have no relocations that can be applied. This results in DWARF
266   /// where many functions have an DW_AT_low_pc of zero and a valid offset size
267   /// for DW_AT_high_pc. If we extract all valid ranges from an object file
268   /// that are marked with executable permissions, we can properly ensure that
269   /// these functions are removed.
270   ///
271   /// \param Addr An address to check.
272   ///
273   /// \returns True if the address is in the valid text ranges or if no valid
274   ///          text ranges have been set, false otherwise.
275   bool IsValidTextAddress(uint64_t Addr) const;
276 
277   /// Set the base address to use for the GSYM file.
278   ///
279   /// Setting the base address to use for the GSYM file. Object files typically
280   /// get loaded from a base address when the OS loads them into memory. Using
281   /// GSYM files for symbolication becomes easier if the base address in the
282   /// GSYM header is the same address as it allows addresses to be easily slid
283   /// and allows symbolication without needing to find the original base
284   /// address in the original object file.
285   ///
286   /// \param  Addr The address to use as the base address of the GSYM file
287   ///              when it is saved to disk.
288   void setBaseAddress(uint64_t Addr) {
289     BaseAddress = Addr;
290   }
291 
292   /// Whether the transformation should be quiet, i.e. not output warnings.
293   bool isQuiet() const { return Quiet; }
294 };
295 
296 } // namespace gsym
297 } // namespace llvm
298 
299 #endif // LLVM_DEBUGINFO_GSYM_GSYMCREATOR_H
300