1 //===- MicrosoftDemangle.cpp ----------------------------------------------===//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 //
9 // This file defines a demangler for MSVC-style mangled symbols.
10 //
11 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
12 
13 #include "llvm/Demangle/MicrosoftDemangleNodes.h"
14 #include "llvm/Demangle/DemangleConfig.h"
15 #include "llvm/Demangle/Utility.h"
16 #include <cctype>
17 #include <string>
18 
19 using namespace llvm;
20 using namespace ms_demangle;
21 
22 #define OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(Enum, Value, Desc)                             \
23   case Enum::Value:                                                            \
24     OS << Desc;                                                                \
25     break;
26 
27 // Writes a space if the last token does not end with a punctuation.
28 static void outputSpaceIfNecessary(OutputStream &OS) {
29   if (OS.empty())
30     return;
31 
32   char C = OS.back();
33   if (std::isalnum(C) || C == '>')
34     OS << " ";
35 }
36 
37 static void outputSingleQualifier(OutputStream &OS, Qualifiers Q) {
38   switch (Q) {
39   case Q_Const:
40     OS << "const";
41     break;
42   case Q_Volatile:
43     OS << "volatile";
44     break;
45   case Q_Restrict:
46     OS << "__restrict";
47     break;
48   default:
49     break;
50   }
51 }
52 
53 static bool outputQualifierIfPresent(OutputStream &OS, Qualifiers Q,
54                                      Qualifiers Mask, bool NeedSpace) {
55   if (!(Q & Mask))
56     return NeedSpace;
57 
58   if (NeedSpace)
59     OS << " ";
60 
61   outputSingleQualifier(OS, Mask);
62   return true;
63 }
64 
65 static void outputQualifiers(OutputStream &OS, Qualifiers Q, bool SpaceBefore,
66                              bool SpaceAfter) {
67   if (Q == Q_None)
68     return;
69 
70   size_t Pos1 = OS.getCurrentPosition();
71   SpaceBefore = outputQualifierIfPresent(OS, Q, Q_Const, SpaceBefore);
72   SpaceBefore = outputQualifierIfPresent(OS, Q, Q_Volatile, SpaceBefore);
73   SpaceBefore = outputQualifierIfPresent(OS, Q, Q_Restrict, SpaceBefore);
74   size_t Pos2 = OS.getCurrentPosition();
75   if (SpaceAfter && Pos2 > Pos1)
76     OS << " ";
77 }
78 
79 static void outputCallingConvention(OutputStream &OS, CallingConv CC) {
80   outputSpaceIfNecessary(OS);
81 
82   switch (CC) {
83   case CallingConv::Cdecl:
84     OS << "__cdecl";
85     break;
86   case CallingConv::Fastcall:
87     OS << "__fastcall";
88     break;
89   case CallingConv::Pascal:
90     OS << "__pascal";
91     break;
92   case CallingConv::Regcall:
93     OS << "__regcall";
94     break;
95   case CallingConv::Stdcall:
96     OS << "__stdcall";
97     break;
98   case CallingConv::Thiscall:
99     OS << "__thiscall";
100     break;
101   case CallingConv::Eabi:
102     OS << "__eabi";
103     break;
104   case CallingConv::Vectorcall:
105     OS << "__vectorcall";
106     break;
107   case CallingConv::Clrcall:
108     OS << "__clrcall";
109     break;
110   case CallingConv::Swift:
111     OS << "__attribute__((__swiftcall__)) ";
112     break;
113   case CallingConv::SwiftAsync:
114     OS << "__attribute__((__swiftasynccall__)) ";
115     break;
116   default:
117     break;
118   }
119 }
120 
121 std::string Node::toString(OutputFlags Flags) const {
122   OutputStream OS;
123   initializeOutputStream(nullptr, nullptr, OS, 1024);
124   this->output(OS, Flags);
125   OS << '\0';
126   std::string Owned(OS.getBuffer());
127   std::free(OS.getBuffer());
128   return Owned;
129 }
130 
131 void PrimitiveTypeNode::outputPre(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
132   switch (PrimKind) {
133     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Void, "void");
134     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Bool, "bool");
135     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Char, "char");
136     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Schar, "signed char");
137     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Uchar, "unsigned char");
138     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Char8, "char8_t");
139     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Char16, "char16_t");
140     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Char32, "char32_t");
141     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Short, "short");
142     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Ushort, "unsigned short");
143     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Int, "int");
144     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Uint, "unsigned int");
145     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Long, "long");
146     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Ulong, "unsigned long");
147     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Int64, "__int64");
148     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Uint64, "unsigned __int64");
149     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Wchar, "wchar_t");
150     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Float, "float");
151     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Double, "double");
152     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Ldouble, "long double");
153     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Nullptr, "std::nullptr_t");
154   }
155   outputQualifiers(OS, Quals, true, false);
156 }
157 
158 void NodeArrayNode::output(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
159   output(OS, Flags, ", ");
160 }
161 
162 void NodeArrayNode::output(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags,
163                            StringView Separator) const {
164   if (Count == 0)
165     return;
166   if (Nodes[0])
167     Nodes[0]->output(OS, Flags);
168   for (size_t I = 1; I < Count; ++I) {
169     OS << Separator;
170     Nodes[I]->output(OS, Flags);
171   }
172 }
173 
174 void EncodedStringLiteralNode::output(OutputStream &OS,
175                                       OutputFlags Flags) const {
176   switch (Char) {
177   case CharKind::Wchar:
178     OS << "L\"";
179     break;
180   case CharKind::Char:
181     OS << "\"";
182     break;
183   case CharKind::Char16:
184     OS << "u\"";
185     break;
186   case CharKind::Char32:
187     OS << "U\"";
188     break;
189   }
190   OS << DecodedString << "\"";
191   if (IsTruncated)
192     OS << "...";
193 }
194 
195 void IntegerLiteralNode::output(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
196   if (IsNegative)
197     OS << '-';
198   OS << Value;
199 }
200 
201 void TemplateParameterReferenceNode::output(OutputStream &OS,
202                                             OutputFlags Flags) const {
203   if (ThunkOffsetCount > 0)
204     OS << "{";
205   else if (Affinity == PointerAffinity::Pointer)
206     OS << "&";
207 
208   if (Symbol) {
209     Symbol->output(OS, Flags);
210     if (ThunkOffsetCount > 0)
211       OS << ", ";
212   }
213 
214   if (ThunkOffsetCount > 0)
215     OS << ThunkOffsets[0];
216   for (int I = 1; I < ThunkOffsetCount; ++I) {
217     OS << ", " << ThunkOffsets[I];
218   }
219   if (ThunkOffsetCount > 0)
220     OS << "}";
221 }
222 
223 void IdentifierNode::outputTemplateParameters(OutputStream &OS,
224                                               OutputFlags Flags) const {
225   if (!TemplateParams)
226     return;
227   OS << "<";
228   TemplateParams->output(OS, Flags);
229   OS << ">";
230 }
231 
232 void DynamicStructorIdentifierNode::output(OutputStream &OS,
233                                            OutputFlags Flags) const {
234   if (IsDestructor)
235     OS << "`dynamic atexit destructor for ";
236   else
237     OS << "`dynamic initializer for ";
238 
239   if (Variable) {
240     OS << "`";
241     Variable->output(OS, Flags);
242     OS << "''";
243   } else {
244     OS << "'";
245     Name->output(OS, Flags);
246     OS << "''";
247   }
248 }
249 
250 void NamedIdentifierNode::output(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
251   OS << Name;
252   outputTemplateParameters(OS, Flags);
253 }
254 
255 void IntrinsicFunctionIdentifierNode::output(OutputStream &OS,
256                                              OutputFlags Flags) const {
257   switch (Operator) {
258     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, New, "operator new");
259     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, Delete, "operator delete");
260     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, Assign, "operator=");
261     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, RightShift, "operator>>");
262     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, LeftShift, "operator<<");
263     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, LogicalNot, "operator!");
264     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, Equals, "operator==");
265     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, NotEquals, "operator!=");
266     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, ArraySubscript,
267                             "operator[]");
268     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, Pointer, "operator->");
269     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, Increment, "operator++");
270     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, Decrement, "operator--");
271     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, Minus, "operator-");
272     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, Plus, "operator+");
273     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, Dereference, "operator*");
274     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, BitwiseAnd, "operator&");
275     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, MemberPointer,
276                             "operator->*");
277     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, Divide, "operator/");
278     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, Modulus, "operator%");
279     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, LessThan, "operator<");
280     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, LessThanEqual, "operator<=");
281     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, GreaterThan, "operator>");
282     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, GreaterThanEqual,
283                             "operator>=");
284     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, Comma, "operator,");
285     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, Parens, "operator()");
286     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, BitwiseNot, "operator~");
287     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, BitwiseXor, "operator^");
288     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, BitwiseOr, "operator|");
289     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, LogicalAnd, "operator&&");
290     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, LogicalOr, "operator||");
291     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, TimesEqual, "operator*=");
292     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, PlusEqual, "operator+=");
293     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, MinusEqual, "operator-=");
294     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, DivEqual, "operator/=");
295     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, ModEqual, "operator%=");
296     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, RshEqual, "operator>>=");
297     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, LshEqual, "operator<<=");
298     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, BitwiseAndEqual,
299                             "operator&=");
300     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, BitwiseOrEqual,
301                             "operator|=");
302     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, BitwiseXorEqual,
303                             "operator^=");
304     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, VbaseDtor, "`vbase dtor'");
305     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, VecDelDtor,
306                             "`vector deleting dtor'");
307     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, DefaultCtorClosure,
308                             "`default ctor closure'");
309     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, ScalarDelDtor,
310                             "`scalar deleting dtor'");
311     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, VecCtorIter,
312                             "`vector ctor iterator'");
313     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, VecDtorIter,
314                             "`vector dtor iterator'");
315     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, VecVbaseCtorIter,
316                             "`vector vbase ctor iterator'");
317     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, VdispMap,
318                             "`virtual displacement map'");
319     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, EHVecCtorIter,
320                             "`eh vector ctor iterator'");
321     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, EHVecDtorIter,
322                             "`eh vector dtor iterator'");
323     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, EHVecVbaseCtorIter,
324                             "`eh vector vbase ctor iterator'");
325     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, CopyCtorClosure,
326                             "`copy ctor closure'");
327     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, LocalVftableCtorClosure,
328                             "`local vftable ctor closure'");
329     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, ArrayNew, "operator new[]");
330     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, ArrayDelete,
331                             "operator delete[]");
332     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, ManVectorCtorIter,
333                             "`managed vector ctor iterator'");
334     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, ManVectorDtorIter,
335                             "`managed vector dtor iterator'");
336     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, EHVectorCopyCtorIter,
337                             "`EH vector copy ctor iterator'");
338     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, EHVectorVbaseCopyCtorIter,
339                             "`EH vector vbase copy ctor iterator'");
340     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, VectorCopyCtorIter,
341                             "`vector copy ctor iterator'");
342     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, VectorVbaseCopyCtorIter,
343                             "`vector vbase copy constructor iterator'");
344     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, ManVectorVbaseCopyCtorIter,
345                             "`managed vector vbase copy constructor iterator'");
346     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, CoAwait,
347                             "operator co_await");
348     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, Spaceship, "operator<=>");
349   case IntrinsicFunctionKind::MaxIntrinsic:
350   case IntrinsicFunctionKind::None:
351     break;
352   }
353   outputTemplateParameters(OS, Flags);
354 }
355 
356 void LocalStaticGuardIdentifierNode::output(OutputStream &OS,
357                                             OutputFlags Flags) const {
358   if (IsThread)
359     OS << "`local static thread guard'";
360   else
361     OS << "`local static guard'";
362   if (ScopeIndex > 0)
363     OS << "{" << ScopeIndex << "}";
364 }
365 
366 void ConversionOperatorIdentifierNode::output(OutputStream &OS,
367                                               OutputFlags Flags) const {
368   OS << "operator";
369   outputTemplateParameters(OS, Flags);
370   OS << " ";
371   TargetType->output(OS, Flags);
372 }
373 
374 void StructorIdentifierNode::output(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
375   if (IsDestructor)
376     OS << "~";
377   Class->output(OS, Flags);
378   outputTemplateParameters(OS, Flags);
379 }
380 
381 void LiteralOperatorIdentifierNode::output(OutputStream &OS,
382                                            OutputFlags Flags) const {
383   OS << "operator \"\"" << Name;
384   outputTemplateParameters(OS, Flags);
385 }
386 
387 void FunctionSignatureNode::outputPre(OutputStream &OS,
388                                       OutputFlags Flags) const {
389   if (!(Flags & OF_NoAccessSpecifier)) {
390     if (FunctionClass & FC_Public)
391       OS << "public: ";
392     if (FunctionClass & FC_Protected)
393       OS << "protected: ";
394     if (FunctionClass & FC_Private)
395       OS << "private: ";
396   }
397 
398   if (!(Flags & OF_NoMemberType)) {
399     if (!(FunctionClass & FC_Global)) {
400       if (FunctionClass & FC_Static)
401         OS << "static ";
402     }
403     if (FunctionClass & FC_Virtual)
404       OS << "virtual ";
405 
406     if (FunctionClass & FC_ExternC)
407       OS << "extern \"C\" ";
408   }
409 
410   if (!(Flags & OF_NoReturnType) && ReturnType) {
411     ReturnType->outputPre(OS, Flags);
412     OS << " ";
413   }
414 
415   if (!(Flags & OF_NoCallingConvention))
416     outputCallingConvention(OS, CallConvention);
417 }
418 
419 void FunctionSignatureNode::outputPost(OutputStream &OS,
420                                        OutputFlags Flags) const {
421   if (!(FunctionClass & FC_NoParameterList)) {
422     OS << "(";
423     if (Params)
424       Params->output(OS, Flags);
425     else
426       OS << "void";
427 
428     if (IsVariadic) {
429       if (OS.back() != '(')
430         OS << ", ";
431       OS << "...";
432     }
433     OS << ")";
434   }
435 
436   if (Quals & Q_Const)
437     OS << " const";
438   if (Quals & Q_Volatile)
439     OS << " volatile";
440   if (Quals & Q_Restrict)
441     OS << " __restrict";
442   if (Quals & Q_Unaligned)
443     OS << " __unaligned";
444 
445   if (IsNoexcept)
446     OS << " noexcept";
447 
448   if (RefQualifier == FunctionRefQualifier::Reference)
449     OS << " &";
450   else if (RefQualifier == FunctionRefQualifier::RValueReference)
451     OS << " &&";
452 
453   if (!(Flags & OF_NoReturnType) && ReturnType)
454     ReturnType->outputPost(OS, Flags);
455 }
456 
457 void ThunkSignatureNode::outputPre(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
458   OS << "[thunk]: ";
459 
460   FunctionSignatureNode::outputPre(OS, Flags);
461 }
462 
463 void ThunkSignatureNode::outputPost(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
464   if (FunctionClass & FC_StaticThisAdjust) {
465     OS << "`adjustor{" << ThisAdjust.StaticOffset << "}'";
466   } else if (FunctionClass & FC_VirtualThisAdjust) {
467     if (FunctionClass & FC_VirtualThisAdjustEx) {
468       OS << "`vtordispex{" << ThisAdjust.VBPtrOffset << ", "
469          << ThisAdjust.VBOffsetOffset << ", " << ThisAdjust.VtordispOffset
470          << ", " << ThisAdjust.StaticOffset << "}'";
471     } else {
472       OS << "`vtordisp{" << ThisAdjust.VtordispOffset << ", "
473          << ThisAdjust.StaticOffset << "}'";
474     }
475   }
476 
477   FunctionSignatureNode::outputPost(OS, Flags);
478 }
479 
480 void PointerTypeNode::outputPre(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
481   if (Pointee->kind() == NodeKind::FunctionSignature) {
482     // If this is a pointer to a function, don't output the calling convention.
483     // It needs to go inside the parentheses.
484     const FunctionSignatureNode *Sig =
485         static_cast<const FunctionSignatureNode *>(Pointee);
486     Sig->outputPre(OS, OF_NoCallingConvention);
487   } else
488     Pointee->outputPre(OS, Flags);
489 
490   outputSpaceIfNecessary(OS);
491 
492   if (Quals & Q_Unaligned)
493     OS << "__unaligned ";
494 
495   if (Pointee->kind() == NodeKind::ArrayType) {
496     OS << "(";
497   } else if (Pointee->kind() == NodeKind::FunctionSignature) {
498     OS << "(";
499     const FunctionSignatureNode *Sig =
500         static_cast<const FunctionSignatureNode *>(Pointee);
501     outputCallingConvention(OS, Sig->CallConvention);
502     OS << " ";
503   }
504 
505   if (ClassParent) {
506     ClassParent->output(OS, Flags);
507     OS << "::";
508   }
509 
510   switch (Affinity) {
511   case PointerAffinity::Pointer:
512     OS << "*";
513     break;
514   case PointerAffinity::Reference:
515     OS << "&";
516     break;
517   case PointerAffinity::RValueReference:
518     OS << "&&";
519     break;
520   default:
521     assert(false);
522   }
523   outputQualifiers(OS, Quals, false, false);
524 }
525 
526 void PointerTypeNode::outputPost(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
527   if (Pointee->kind() == NodeKind::ArrayType ||
528       Pointee->kind() == NodeKind::FunctionSignature)
529     OS << ")";
530 
531   Pointee->outputPost(OS, Flags);
532 }
533 
534 void TagTypeNode::outputPre(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
535   if (!(Flags & OF_NoTagSpecifier)) {
536     switch (Tag) {
537       OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(TagKind, Class, "class");
538       OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(TagKind, Struct, "struct");
539       OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(TagKind, Union, "union");
540       OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(TagKind, Enum, "enum");
541     }
542     OS << " ";
543   }
544   QualifiedName->output(OS, Flags);
545   outputQualifiers(OS, Quals, true, false);
546 }
547 
548 void TagTypeNode::outputPost(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {}
549 
550 void ArrayTypeNode::outputPre(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
551   ElementType->outputPre(OS, Flags);
552   outputQualifiers(OS, Quals, true, false);
553 }
554 
555 void ArrayTypeNode::outputOneDimension(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags,
556                                        Node *N) const {
557   assert(N->kind() == NodeKind::IntegerLiteral);
558   IntegerLiteralNode *ILN = static_cast<IntegerLiteralNode *>(N);
559   if (ILN->Value != 0)
560     ILN->output(OS, Flags);
561 }
562 
563 void ArrayTypeNode::outputDimensionsImpl(OutputStream &OS,
564                                          OutputFlags Flags) const {
565   if (Dimensions->Count == 0)
566     return;
567 
568   outputOneDimension(OS, Flags, Dimensions->Nodes[0]);
569   for (size_t I = 1; I < Dimensions->Count; ++I) {
570     OS << "][";
571     outputOneDimension(OS, Flags, Dimensions->Nodes[I]);
572   }
573 }
574 
575 void ArrayTypeNode::outputPost(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
576   OS << "[";
577   outputDimensionsImpl(OS, Flags);
578   OS << "]";
579 
580   ElementType->outputPost(OS, Flags);
581 }
582 
583 void SymbolNode::output(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
584   Name->output(OS, Flags);
585 }
586 
587 void FunctionSymbolNode::output(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
588   Signature->outputPre(OS, Flags);
589   outputSpaceIfNecessary(OS);
590   Name->output(OS, Flags);
591   Signature->outputPost(OS, Flags);
592 }
593 
594 void VariableSymbolNode::output(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
595   const char *AccessSpec = nullptr;
596   bool IsStatic = true;
597   switch (SC) {
598   case StorageClass::PrivateStatic:
599     AccessSpec = "private";
600     break;
601   case StorageClass::PublicStatic:
602     AccessSpec = "public";
603     break;
604   case StorageClass::ProtectedStatic:
605     AccessSpec = "protected";
606     break;
607   default:
608     IsStatic = false;
609     break;
610   }
611   if (!(Flags & OF_NoAccessSpecifier) && AccessSpec)
612     OS << AccessSpec << ": ";
613   if (!(Flags & OF_NoMemberType) && IsStatic)
614     OS << "static ";
615 
616   if (Type) {
617     Type->outputPre(OS, Flags);
618     outputSpaceIfNecessary(OS);
619   }
620   Name->output(OS, Flags);
621   if (Type)
622     Type->outputPost(OS, Flags);
623 }
624 
625 void CustomTypeNode::outputPre(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
626   Identifier->output(OS, Flags);
627 }
628 void CustomTypeNode::outputPost(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {}
629 
630 void QualifiedNameNode::output(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
631   Components->output(OS, Flags, "::");
632 }
633 
634 void RttiBaseClassDescriptorNode::output(OutputStream &OS,
635                                          OutputFlags Flags) const {
636   OS << "`RTTI Base Class Descriptor at (";
637   OS << NVOffset << ", " << VBPtrOffset << ", " << VBTableOffset << ", "
638      << this->Flags;
639   OS << ")'";
640 }
641 
642 void LocalStaticGuardVariableNode::output(OutputStream &OS,
643                                           OutputFlags Flags) const {
644   Name->output(OS, Flags);
645 }
646 
647 void VcallThunkIdentifierNode::output(OutputStream &OS,
648                                       OutputFlags Flags) const {
649   OS << "`vcall'{" << OffsetInVTable << ", {flat}}";
650 }
651 
652 void SpecialTableSymbolNode::output(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
653   outputQualifiers(OS, Quals, false, true);
654   Name->output(OS, Flags);
655   if (TargetName) {
656     OS << "{for `";
657     TargetName->output(OS, Flags);
658     OS << "'}";
659   }
660 }
661