1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2003-2009 Niels Provos <provos@citi.umich.edu>
3  * Copyright (c) 2009-2012 Niels Provos and Nick Mathewson
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
14  *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
17  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
18  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
19  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
20  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
21  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
22  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
23  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
24  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
25  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
26  */
27 
28 #include "event2/event-config.h"
29 #include "evconfig-private.h"
30 
31 #ifdef EVENT__HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H
32 #include <sys/types.h>
33 #endif
34 #ifdef EVENT__HAVE_SYS_PARAM_H
35 #include <sys/param.h>
36 #endif
37 
38 #ifdef _WIN32
39 #define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
40 #include <winsock2.h>
41 #include <windows.h>
42 #undef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
43 #else
44 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
45 #endif
46 
47 #include <sys/queue.h>
48 #ifdef EVENT__HAVE_SYS_TIME_H
49 #include <sys/time.h>
50 #endif
51 
52 #include <errno.h>
53 #include <stdio.h>
54 #include <stdlib.h>
55 #include <string.h>
56 #ifndef _WIN32
57 #include <syslog.h>
58 #endif
59 #ifdef EVENT__HAVE_UNISTD_H
60 #include <unistd.h>
61 #endif
62 #include <limits.h>
63 
64 #include "event2/event.h"
65 #include "event2/tag.h"
66 #include "event2/buffer.h"
67 #include "log-internal.h"
68 #include "mm-internal.h"
69 #include "util-internal.h"
70 
71 /*
72   Here's our wire format:
73 
74   Stream = TaggedData*
75 
76   TaggedData = Tag Length Data
77        where the integer value of 'Length' is the length of 'data'.
78 
79   Tag = HByte* LByte
80        where HByte is a byte with the high bit set, and LByte is a byte
81        with the high bit clear. The integer value of the tag is taken
82        by concatenating the lower 7 bits from all the tags.  So for example,
83        the tag 0x66 is encoded as [66], whereas the tag 0x166 is encoded as
84        [82 66]
85 
86   Length = Integer
87 
88   Integer = NNibbles Nibble* Padding?
89        where NNibbles is a 4-bit value encoding the number of nibbles-1,
90        and each Nibble is 4 bits worth of encoded integer, in big-endian
91        order.  If the total encoded integer size is an odd number of nibbles,
92        a final padding nibble with value 0 is appended.
93 */
94 
95 int evtag_decode_int(ev_uint32_t *pnumber, struct evbuffer *evbuf);
96 int evtag_decode_int64(ev_uint64_t *pnumber, struct evbuffer *evbuf);
97 int evtag_encode_tag(struct evbuffer *evbuf, ev_uint32_t tag);
98 int evtag_decode_tag(ev_uint32_t *ptag, struct evbuffer *evbuf);
99 
100 void
101 evtag_init(void)
102 {
103 }
104 
105 /*
106  * We encode integers by nibbles; the first nibble contains the number
107  * of significant nibbles - 1;  this allows us to encode up to 64-bit
108  * integers.  This function is byte-order independent.
109  *
110  * @param number a 32-bit unsigned integer to encode
111  * @param data a pointer to where the data should be written.  Must
112  *    have at least 5 bytes free.
113  * @return the number of bytes written into data.
114  */
115 
116 #define ENCODE_INT_INTERNAL(data, number) do {				\
117 	int off = 1, nibbles = 0;					\
118 									\
119 	memset(data, 0, sizeof(number)+1);				\
120 	while (number) {						\
121 		if (off & 0x1)						\
122 			data[off/2] = (data[off/2] & 0xf0) | (number & 0x0f); \
123 		else							\
124 			data[off/2] = (data[off/2] & 0x0f) |		\
125 			    ((number & 0x0f) << 4);			\
126 		number >>= 4;						\
127 		off++;							\
128 	}								\
129 									\
130 	if (off > 2)							\
131 		nibbles = off - 2;					\
132 									\
133 	/* Off - 1 is the number of encoded nibbles */			\
134 	data[0] = (data[0] & 0x0f) | ((nibbles & 0x0f) << 4);		\
135 									\
136 	return ((off + 1) / 2);						\
137 } while (0)
138 
139 static inline int
140 encode_int_internal(ev_uint8_t *data, ev_uint32_t number)
141 {
142 	ENCODE_INT_INTERNAL(data, number);
143 }
144 
145 static inline int
146 encode_int64_internal(ev_uint8_t *data, ev_uint64_t number)
147 {
148 	ENCODE_INT_INTERNAL(data, number);
149 }
150 
151 void
152 evtag_encode_int(struct evbuffer *evbuf, ev_uint32_t number)
153 {
154 	ev_uint8_t data[5];
155 	int len = encode_int_internal(data, number);
156 	evbuffer_add(evbuf, data, len);
157 }
158 
159 void
160 evtag_encode_int64(struct evbuffer *evbuf, ev_uint64_t number)
161 {
162 	ev_uint8_t data[9];
163 	int len = encode_int64_internal(data, number);
164 	evbuffer_add(evbuf, data, len);
165 }
166 
167 /*
168  * Support variable length encoding of tags; we use the high bit in each
169  * octet as a continuation signal.
170  */
171 
172 int
173 evtag_encode_tag(struct evbuffer *evbuf, ev_uint32_t tag)
174 {
175 	int bytes = 0;
176 	ev_uint8_t data[5];
177 
178 	memset(data, 0, sizeof(data));
179 	do {
180 		ev_uint8_t lower = tag & 0x7f;
181 		tag >>= 7;
182 
183 		if (tag)
184 			lower |= 0x80;
185 
186 		data[bytes++] = lower;
187 	} while (tag);
188 
189 	if (evbuf != NULL)
190 		evbuffer_add(evbuf, data, bytes);
191 
192 	return (bytes);
193 }
194 
195 static int
196 decode_tag_internal(ev_uint32_t *ptag, struct evbuffer *evbuf, int dodrain)
197 {
198 	ev_uint32_t number = 0;
199 	size_t len = evbuffer_get_length(evbuf);
200 	ev_uint8_t *data;
201 	size_t count = 0;
202 	int  shift = 0, done = 0;
203 
204 	/*
205 	 * the encoding of a number is at most one byte more than its
206 	 * storage size.  however, it may also be much smaller.
207 	 */
208 	data = evbuffer_pullup(
209 		evbuf, len < sizeof(number) + 1 ? len : sizeof(number) + 1);
210 	if (!data)
211 		return (-1);
212 
213 	while (count++ < len) {
214 		ev_uint8_t lower = *data++;
215 		if (shift >= 28) {
216 			/* Make sure it fits into 32 bits */
217 			if (shift > 28)
218 				return (-1);
219 			if ((lower & 0x7f) > 15)
220 				return (-1);
221 		}
222 		number |= (lower & (unsigned)0x7f) << shift;
223 		shift += 7;
224 
225 		if (!(lower & 0x80)) {
226 			done = 1;
227 			break;
228 		}
229 	}
230 
231 	if (!done)
232 		return (-1);
233 
234 	if (dodrain)
235 		evbuffer_drain(evbuf, count);
236 
237 	if (ptag != NULL)
238 		*ptag = number;
239 
240 	return count > INT_MAX ? INT_MAX : (int)(count);
241 }
242 
243 int
244 evtag_decode_tag(ev_uint32_t *ptag, struct evbuffer *evbuf)
245 {
246 	return (decode_tag_internal(ptag, evbuf, 1 /* dodrain */));
247 }
248 
249 /*
250  * Marshal a data type, the general format is as follows:
251  *
252  * tag number: one byte; length: var bytes; payload: var bytes
253  */
254 
255 void
256 evtag_marshal(struct evbuffer *evbuf, ev_uint32_t tag,
257     const void *data, ev_uint32_t len)
258 {
259 	evtag_encode_tag(evbuf, tag);
260 	evtag_encode_int(evbuf, len);
261 	evbuffer_add(evbuf, (void *)data, len);
262 }
263 
264 void
265 evtag_marshal_buffer(struct evbuffer *evbuf, ev_uint32_t tag,
266     struct evbuffer *data)
267 {
268 	evtag_encode_tag(evbuf, tag);
269 	/* XXX support more than UINT32_MAX data */
270 	evtag_encode_int(evbuf, (ev_uint32_t)evbuffer_get_length(data));
271 	evbuffer_add_buffer(evbuf, data);
272 }
273 
274 /* Marshaling for integers */
275 void
276 evtag_marshal_int(struct evbuffer *evbuf, ev_uint32_t tag, ev_uint32_t integer)
277 {
278 	ev_uint8_t data[5];
279 	int len = encode_int_internal(data, integer);
280 
281 	evtag_encode_tag(evbuf, tag);
282 	evtag_encode_int(evbuf, len);
283 	evbuffer_add(evbuf, data, len);
284 }
285 
286 void
287 evtag_marshal_int64(struct evbuffer *evbuf, ev_uint32_t tag,
288     ev_uint64_t integer)
289 {
290 	ev_uint8_t data[9];
291 	int len = encode_int64_internal(data, integer);
292 
293 	evtag_encode_tag(evbuf, tag);
294 	evtag_encode_int(evbuf, len);
295 	evbuffer_add(evbuf, data, len);
296 }
297 
298 void
299 evtag_marshal_string(struct evbuffer *buf, ev_uint32_t tag, const char *string)
300 {
301 	/* TODO support strings longer than UINT32_MAX ? */
302 	evtag_marshal(buf, tag, string, (ev_uint32_t)strlen(string));
303 }
304 
305 void
306 evtag_marshal_timeval(struct evbuffer *evbuf, ev_uint32_t tag, struct timeval *tv)
307 {
308 	ev_uint8_t data[10];
309 	int len = encode_int_internal(data, tv->tv_sec);
310 	len += encode_int_internal(data + len, tv->tv_usec);
311 	evtag_marshal(evbuf, tag, data, len);
312 }
313 
314 #define DECODE_INT_INTERNAL(number, maxnibbles, pnumber, evbuf, offset) \
315 do {									\
316 	ev_uint8_t *data;						\
317 	ev_ssize_t len = evbuffer_get_length(evbuf) - offset;		\
318 	int nibbles = 0;						\
319 									\
320 	if (len <= 0)							\
321 		return (-1);						\
322 									\
323 	/* XXX(niels): faster? */					\
324 	data = evbuffer_pullup(evbuf, offset + 1) + offset;		\
325 	if (!data)							\
326 		return (-1);						\
327 									\
328 	nibbles = ((data[0] & 0xf0) >> 4) + 1;				\
329 	if (nibbles > maxnibbles || (nibbles >> 1) + 1 > len)		\
330 		return (-1);						\
331 	len = (nibbles >> 1) + 1;					\
332 									\
333 	data = evbuffer_pullup(evbuf, offset + len) + offset;		\
334 	if (!data)							\
335 		return (-1);						\
336 									\
337 	while (nibbles > 0) {						\
338 		number <<= 4;						\
339 		if (nibbles & 0x1)					\
340 			number |= data[nibbles >> 1] & 0x0f;		\
341 		else							\
342 			number |= (data[nibbles >> 1] & 0xf0) >> 4;	\
343 		nibbles--;						\
344 	}								\
345 									\
346 	*pnumber = number;						\
347 									\
348 	return (int)(len);						\
349 } while (0)
350 
351 /* Internal: decode an integer from an evbuffer, without draining it.
352  *  Only integers up to 32-bits are supported.
353  *
354  * @param evbuf the buffer to read from
355  * @param offset an index into the buffer at which we should start reading.
356  * @param pnumber a pointer to receive the integer.
357  * @return The length of the number as encoded, or -1 on error.
358  */
359 
360 static int
361 decode_int_internal(ev_uint32_t *pnumber, struct evbuffer *evbuf, int offset)
362 {
363 	ev_uint32_t number = 0;
364 	DECODE_INT_INTERNAL(number, 8, pnumber, evbuf, offset);
365 }
366 
367 static int
368 decode_int64_internal(ev_uint64_t *pnumber, struct evbuffer *evbuf, int offset)
369 {
370 	ev_uint64_t number = 0;
371 	DECODE_INT_INTERNAL(number, 16, pnumber, evbuf, offset);
372 }
373 
374 int
375 evtag_decode_int(ev_uint32_t *pnumber, struct evbuffer *evbuf)
376 {
377 	int res = decode_int_internal(pnumber, evbuf, 0);
378 	if (res != -1)
379 		evbuffer_drain(evbuf, res);
380 
381 	return (res == -1 ? -1 : 0);
382 }
383 
384 int
385 evtag_decode_int64(ev_uint64_t *pnumber, struct evbuffer *evbuf)
386 {
387 	int res = decode_int64_internal(pnumber, evbuf, 0);
388 	if (res != -1)
389 		evbuffer_drain(evbuf, res);
390 
391 	return (res == -1 ? -1 : 0);
392 }
393 
394 int
395 evtag_peek(struct evbuffer *evbuf, ev_uint32_t *ptag)
396 {
397 	return (decode_tag_internal(ptag, evbuf, 0 /* dodrain */));
398 }
399 
400 int
401 evtag_peek_length(struct evbuffer *evbuf, ev_uint32_t *plength)
402 {
403 	int res, len;
404 
405 	len = decode_tag_internal(NULL, evbuf, 0 /* dodrain */);
406 	if (len == -1)
407 		return (-1);
408 
409 	res = decode_int_internal(plength, evbuf, len);
410 	if (res == -1)
411 		return (-1);
412 
413 	*plength += res + len;
414 
415 	return (0);
416 }
417 
418 int
419 evtag_payload_length(struct evbuffer *evbuf, ev_uint32_t *plength)
420 {
421 	int res, len;
422 
423 	len = decode_tag_internal(NULL, evbuf, 0 /* dodrain */);
424 	if (len == -1)
425 		return (-1);
426 
427 	res = decode_int_internal(plength, evbuf, len);
428 	if (res == -1)
429 		return (-1);
430 
431 	return (0);
432 }
433 
434 /* just unmarshals the header and returns the length of the remaining data */
435 
436 int
437 evtag_unmarshal_header(struct evbuffer *evbuf, ev_uint32_t *ptag)
438 {
439 	ev_uint32_t len;
440 
441 	if (decode_tag_internal(ptag, evbuf, 1 /* dodrain */) == -1)
442 		return (-1);
443 	if (evtag_decode_int(&len, evbuf) == -1)
444 		return (-1);
445 
446 	if (evbuffer_get_length(evbuf) < len)
447 		return (-1);
448 
449 	return (len);
450 }
451 
452 int
453 evtag_consume(struct evbuffer *evbuf)
454 {
455 	int len;
456 	if ((len = evtag_unmarshal_header(evbuf, NULL)) == -1)
457 		return (-1);
458 	evbuffer_drain(evbuf, len);
459 
460 	return (0);
461 }
462 
463 /* Reads the data type from an event buffer */
464 
465 int
466 evtag_unmarshal(struct evbuffer *src, ev_uint32_t *ptag, struct evbuffer *dst)
467 {
468 	int len;
469 
470 	if ((len = evtag_unmarshal_header(src, ptag)) == -1)
471 		return (-1);
472 
473 	if (evbuffer_add(dst, evbuffer_pullup(src, len), len) == -1)
474 		return (-1);
475 
476 	evbuffer_drain(src, len);
477 
478 	return (len);
479 }
480 
481 /* Marshaling for integers */
482 
483 int
484 evtag_unmarshal_int(struct evbuffer *evbuf, ev_uint32_t need_tag,
485     ev_uint32_t *pinteger)
486 {
487 	ev_uint32_t tag;
488 	ev_uint32_t len;
489 	int result;
490 
491 	if (decode_tag_internal(&tag, evbuf, 1 /* dodrain */) == -1)
492 		return (-1);
493 	if (need_tag != tag)
494 		return (-1);
495 	if (evtag_decode_int(&len, evbuf) == -1)
496 		return (-1);
497 
498 	if (evbuffer_get_length(evbuf) < len)
499 		return (-1);
500 
501 	result = decode_int_internal(pinteger, evbuf, 0);
502 	evbuffer_drain(evbuf, len);
503 	if (result < 0 || (size_t)result > len) /* XXX Should this be != rather than > ?*/
504 		return (-1);
505 	else
506 		return result;
507 }
508 
509 int
510 evtag_unmarshal_int64(struct evbuffer *evbuf, ev_uint32_t need_tag,
511     ev_uint64_t *pinteger)
512 {
513 	ev_uint32_t tag;
514 	ev_uint32_t len;
515 	int result;
516 
517 	if (decode_tag_internal(&tag, evbuf, 1 /* dodrain */) == -1)
518 		return (-1);
519 	if (need_tag != tag)
520 		return (-1);
521 	if (evtag_decode_int(&len, evbuf) == -1)
522 		return (-1);
523 
524 	if (evbuffer_get_length(evbuf) < len)
525 		return (-1);
526 
527 	result = decode_int64_internal(pinteger, evbuf, 0);
528 	evbuffer_drain(evbuf, len);
529 	if (result < 0 || (size_t)result > len) /* XXX Should this be != rather than > ?*/
530 		return (-1);
531 	else
532 		return result;
533 }
534 
535 /* Unmarshal a fixed length tag */
536 
537 int
538 evtag_unmarshal_fixed(struct evbuffer *src, ev_uint32_t need_tag, void *data,
539     size_t len)
540 {
541 	ev_uint32_t tag;
542 	int tag_len;
543 
544 	/* Now unmarshal a tag and check that it matches the tag we want */
545 	if ((tag_len = evtag_unmarshal_header(src, &tag)) < 0 ||
546 	    tag != need_tag)
547 		return (-1);
548 
549 	if ((size_t)tag_len != len)
550 		return (-1);
551 
552 	evbuffer_remove(src, data, len);
553 	return (0);
554 }
555 
556 int
557 evtag_unmarshal_string(struct evbuffer *evbuf, ev_uint32_t need_tag,
558     char **pstring)
559 {
560 	ev_uint32_t tag;
561 	int tag_len;
562 
563 	if ((tag_len = evtag_unmarshal_header(evbuf, &tag)) == -1 ||
564 	    tag != need_tag)
565 		return (-1);
566 
567 	*pstring = mm_malloc(tag_len + 1);
568 	if (*pstring == NULL) {
569 		event_warn("%s: malloc", __func__);
570 		return -1;
571 	}
572 	evbuffer_remove(evbuf, *pstring, tag_len);
573 	(*pstring)[tag_len] = '\0';
574 
575 	return (0);
576 }
577 
578 int
579 evtag_unmarshal_timeval(struct evbuffer *evbuf, ev_uint32_t need_tag,
580     struct timeval *ptv)
581 {
582 	ev_uint32_t tag;
583 	ev_uint32_t integer;
584 	int len, offset, offset2;
585 	int result = -1;
586 
587 	if ((len = evtag_unmarshal_header(evbuf, &tag)) == -1)
588 		return (-1);
589 	if (tag != need_tag)
590 		goto done;
591 	if ((offset = decode_int_internal(&integer, evbuf, 0)) == -1)
592 		goto done;
593 	ptv->tv_sec = integer;
594 	if ((offset2 = decode_int_internal(&integer, evbuf, offset)) == -1)
595 		goto done;
596 	ptv->tv_usec = integer;
597 	if (offset + offset2 > len) /* XXX Should this be != instead of > ? */
598 		goto done;
599 
600 	result = 0;
601  done:
602 	evbuffer_drain(evbuf, len);
603 	return result;
604 }
605