1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2003-2009 Niels Provos <provos@citi.umich.edu>
3  * Copyright (c) 2009-2012 Niels Provos and Nick Mathewson
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
14  *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
17  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
18  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
19  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
20  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
21  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
22  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
23  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
24  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
25  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
26  */
27 
28 #include "event2/event-config.h"
29 #include "evconfig-private.h"
30 
31 #ifdef EVENT__HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H
32 #include <sys/types.h>
33 #endif
34 #ifdef EVENT__HAVE_SYS_PARAM_H
35 #include <sys/param.h>
36 #endif
37 
38 #ifdef _WIN32
39 #define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
40 #include <winsock2.h>
41 #include <windows.h>
42 #undef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
43 #endif
44 
45 #ifdef EVENT__HAVE_SYS_IOCTL_H
46 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
47 #endif
48 #include <sys/queue.h>
49 #ifdef EVENT__HAVE_SYS_TIME_H
50 #include <sys/time.h>
51 #endif
52 
53 #include <errno.h>
54 #include <stdio.h>
55 #include <stdlib.h>
56 #include <string.h>
57 #ifndef _WIN32
58 #include <syslog.h>
59 #endif
60 #ifdef EVENT__HAVE_UNISTD_H
61 #include <unistd.h>
62 #endif
63 #include <limits.h>
64 
65 #include "event2/event.h"
66 #include "event2/tag.h"
67 #include "event2/buffer.h"
68 #include "log-internal.h"
69 #include "mm-internal.h"
70 #include "util-internal.h"
71 
72 /*
73   Here's our wire format:
74 
75   Stream = TaggedData*
76 
77   TaggedData = Tag Length Data
78        where the integer value of 'Length' is the length of 'data'.
79 
80   Tag = HByte* LByte
81        where HByte is a byte with the high bit set, and LByte is a byte
82        with the high bit clear. The integer value of the tag is taken
83        by concatenating the lower 7 bits from all the tags.  So for example,
84        the tag 0x66 is encoded as [66], whereas the tag 0x166 is encoded as
85        [82 66]
86 
87   Length = Integer
88 
89   Integer = NNibbles Nibble* Padding?
90        where NNibbles is a 4-bit value encoding the number of nibbles-1,
91        and each Nibble is 4 bits worth of encoded integer, in big-endian
92        order.  If the total encoded integer size is an odd number of nibbles,
93        a final padding nibble with value 0 is appended.
94 */
95 
96 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
97 int evtag_decode_int(ev_uint32_t *pnumber, struct evbuffer *evbuf);
98 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
99 int evtag_decode_int64(ev_uint64_t *pnumber, struct evbuffer *evbuf);
100 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
101 int evtag_encode_tag(struct evbuffer *evbuf, ev_uint32_t tag);
102 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
103 int evtag_decode_tag(ev_uint32_t *ptag, struct evbuffer *evbuf);
104 
105 void
106 evtag_init(void)
107 {
108 }
109 
110 /*
111  * We encode integers by nibbles; the first nibble contains the number
112  * of significant nibbles - 1;  this allows us to encode up to 64-bit
113  * integers.  This function is byte-order independent.
114  *
115  * @param number a 32-bit unsigned integer to encode
116  * @param data a pointer to where the data should be written.  Must
117  *    have at least 5 bytes free.
118  * @return the number of bytes written into data.
119  */
120 
121 #define ENCODE_INT_INTERNAL(data, number) do {				\
122 	int off = 1, nibbles = 0;					\
123 									\
124 	memset(data, 0, sizeof(number)+1);				\
125 	while (number) {						\
126 		if (off & 0x1)						\
127 			data[off/2] = (data[off/2] & 0xf0) | (number & 0x0f); \
128 		else							\
129 			data[off/2] = (data[off/2] & 0x0f) |		\
130 			    ((number & 0x0f) << 4);			\
131 		number >>= 4;						\
132 		off++;							\
133 	}								\
134 									\
135 	if (off > 2)							\
136 		nibbles = off - 2;					\
137 									\
138 	/* Off - 1 is the number of encoded nibbles */			\
139 	data[0] = (data[0] & 0x0f) | ((nibbles & 0x0f) << 4);		\
140 									\
141 	return ((off + 1) / 2);						\
142 } while (0)
143 
144 static inline int
145 encode_int_internal(ev_uint8_t *data, ev_uint32_t number)
146 {
147 	ENCODE_INT_INTERNAL(data, number);
148 }
149 
150 static inline int
151 encode_int64_internal(ev_uint8_t *data, ev_uint64_t number)
152 {
153 	ENCODE_INT_INTERNAL(data, number);
154 }
155 
156 void
157 evtag_encode_int(struct evbuffer *evbuf, ev_uint32_t number)
158 {
159 	ev_uint8_t data[5];
160 	int len = encode_int_internal(data, number);
161 	evbuffer_add(evbuf, data, len);
162 }
163 
164 void
165 evtag_encode_int64(struct evbuffer *evbuf, ev_uint64_t number)
166 {
167 	ev_uint8_t data[9];
168 	int len = encode_int64_internal(data, number);
169 	evbuffer_add(evbuf, data, len);
170 }
171 
172 /*
173  * Support variable length encoding of tags; we use the high bit in each
174  * octet as a continuation signal.
175  */
176 
177 int
178 evtag_encode_tag(struct evbuffer *evbuf, ev_uint32_t tag)
179 {
180 	int bytes = 0;
181 	ev_uint8_t data[5];
182 
183 	memset(data, 0, sizeof(data));
184 	do {
185 		ev_uint8_t lower = tag & 0x7f;
186 		tag >>= 7;
187 
188 		if (tag)
189 			lower |= 0x80;
190 
191 		data[bytes++] = lower;
192 	} while (tag);
193 
194 	if (evbuf != NULL)
195 		evbuffer_add(evbuf, data, bytes);
196 
197 	return (bytes);
198 }
199 
200 static int
201 decode_tag_internal(ev_uint32_t *ptag, struct evbuffer *evbuf, int dodrain)
202 {
203 	ev_uint32_t number = 0;
204 	size_t len = evbuffer_get_length(evbuf);
205 	ev_uint8_t *data;
206 	size_t count = 0;
207 	int  shift = 0, done = 0;
208 
209 	/*
210 	 * the encoding of a number is at most one byte more than its
211 	 * storage size.  however, it may also be much smaller.
212 	 */
213 	data = evbuffer_pullup(
214 		evbuf, len < sizeof(number) + 1 ? len : sizeof(number) + 1);
215 	if (!data)
216 		return (-1);
217 
218 	while (count++ < len) {
219 		ev_uint8_t lower = *data++;
220 		if (shift >= 28) {
221 			/* Make sure it fits into 32 bits */
222 			if (shift > 28)
223 				return (-1);
224 			if ((lower & 0x7f) > 15)
225 				return (-1);
226 		}
227 		number |= (lower & (unsigned)0x7f) << shift;
228 		shift += 7;
229 
230 		if (!(lower & 0x80)) {
231 			done = 1;
232 			break;
233 		}
234 	}
235 
236 	if (!done)
237 		return (-1);
238 
239 	if (dodrain)
240 		evbuffer_drain(evbuf, count);
241 
242 	if (ptag != NULL)
243 		*ptag = number;
244 
245 	return count > INT_MAX ? INT_MAX : (int)(count);
246 }
247 
248 int
249 evtag_decode_tag(ev_uint32_t *ptag, struct evbuffer *evbuf)
250 {
251 	return (decode_tag_internal(ptag, evbuf, 1 /* dodrain */));
252 }
253 
254 /*
255  * Marshal a data type, the general format is as follows:
256  *
257  * tag number: one byte; length: var bytes; payload: var bytes
258  */
259 
260 void
261 evtag_marshal(struct evbuffer *evbuf, ev_uint32_t tag,
262     const void *data, ev_uint32_t len)
263 {
264 	evtag_encode_tag(evbuf, tag);
265 	evtag_encode_int(evbuf, len);
266 	evbuffer_add(evbuf, (void *)data, len);
267 }
268 
269 void
270 evtag_marshal_buffer(struct evbuffer *evbuf, ev_uint32_t tag,
271     struct evbuffer *data)
272 {
273 	evtag_encode_tag(evbuf, tag);
274 	/* XXX support more than UINT32_MAX data */
275 	evtag_encode_int(evbuf, (ev_uint32_t)evbuffer_get_length(data));
276 	evbuffer_add_buffer(evbuf, data);
277 }
278 
279 /* Marshaling for integers */
280 void
281 evtag_marshal_int(struct evbuffer *evbuf, ev_uint32_t tag, ev_uint32_t integer)
282 {
283 	ev_uint8_t data[5];
284 	int len = encode_int_internal(data, integer);
285 
286 	evtag_encode_tag(evbuf, tag);
287 	evtag_encode_int(evbuf, len);
288 	evbuffer_add(evbuf, data, len);
289 }
290 
291 void
292 evtag_marshal_int64(struct evbuffer *evbuf, ev_uint32_t tag,
293     ev_uint64_t integer)
294 {
295 	ev_uint8_t data[9];
296 	int len = encode_int64_internal(data, integer);
297 
298 	evtag_encode_tag(evbuf, tag);
299 	evtag_encode_int(evbuf, len);
300 	evbuffer_add(evbuf, data, len);
301 }
302 
303 void
304 evtag_marshal_string(struct evbuffer *buf, ev_uint32_t tag, const char *string)
305 {
306 	/* TODO support strings longer than UINT32_MAX ? */
307 	evtag_marshal(buf, tag, string, (ev_uint32_t)strlen(string));
308 }
309 
310 void
311 evtag_marshal_timeval(struct evbuffer *evbuf, ev_uint32_t tag, struct timeval *tv)
312 {
313 	ev_uint8_t data[10];
314 	int len = encode_int_internal(data, tv->tv_sec);
315 	len += encode_int_internal(data + len, tv->tv_usec);
316 	evtag_marshal(evbuf, tag, data, len);
317 }
318 
319 #define DECODE_INT_INTERNAL(number, maxnibbles, pnumber, evbuf, offset) \
320 do {									\
321 	ev_uint8_t *data;						\
322 	ev_ssize_t len = evbuffer_get_length(evbuf) - offset;		\
323 	int nibbles = 0;						\
324 									\
325 	if (len <= 0)							\
326 		return (-1);						\
327 									\
328 	/* XXX(niels): faster? */					\
329 	data = evbuffer_pullup(evbuf, offset + 1) + offset;		\
330 	if (!data)							\
331 		return (-1);						\
332 									\
333 	nibbles = ((data[0] & 0xf0) >> 4) + 1;				\
334 	if (nibbles > maxnibbles || (nibbles >> 1) + 1 > len)		\
335 		return (-1);						\
336 	len = (nibbles >> 1) + 1;					\
337 									\
338 	data = evbuffer_pullup(evbuf, offset + len) + offset;		\
339 	if (!data)							\
340 		return (-1);						\
341 									\
342 	while (nibbles > 0) {						\
343 		number <<= 4;						\
344 		if (nibbles & 0x1)					\
345 			number |= data[nibbles >> 1] & 0x0f;		\
346 		else							\
347 			number |= (data[nibbles >> 1] & 0xf0) >> 4;	\
348 		nibbles--;						\
349 	}								\
350 									\
351 	*pnumber = number;						\
352 									\
353 	return (int)(len);						\
354 } while (0)
355 
356 /* Internal: decode an integer from an evbuffer, without draining it.
357  *  Only integers up to 32-bits are supported.
358  *
359  * @param evbuf the buffer to read from
360  * @param offset an index into the buffer at which we should start reading.
361  * @param pnumber a pointer to receive the integer.
362  * @return The length of the number as encoded, or -1 on error.
363  */
364 
365 static int
366 decode_int_internal(ev_uint32_t *pnumber, struct evbuffer *evbuf, int offset)
367 {
368 	ev_uint32_t number = 0;
369 	DECODE_INT_INTERNAL(number, 8, pnumber, evbuf, offset);
370 }
371 
372 static int
373 decode_int64_internal(ev_uint64_t *pnumber, struct evbuffer *evbuf, int offset)
374 {
375 	ev_uint64_t number = 0;
376 	DECODE_INT_INTERNAL(number, 16, pnumber, evbuf, offset);
377 }
378 
379 int
380 evtag_decode_int(ev_uint32_t *pnumber, struct evbuffer *evbuf)
381 {
382 	int res = decode_int_internal(pnumber, evbuf, 0);
383 	if (res != -1)
384 		evbuffer_drain(evbuf, res);
385 
386 	return (res == -1 ? -1 : 0);
387 }
388 
389 int
390 evtag_decode_int64(ev_uint64_t *pnumber, struct evbuffer *evbuf)
391 {
392 	int res = decode_int64_internal(pnumber, evbuf, 0);
393 	if (res != -1)
394 		evbuffer_drain(evbuf, res);
395 
396 	return (res == -1 ? -1 : 0);
397 }
398 
399 int
400 evtag_peek(struct evbuffer *evbuf, ev_uint32_t *ptag)
401 {
402 	return (decode_tag_internal(ptag, evbuf, 0 /* dodrain */));
403 }
404 
405 int
406 evtag_peek_length(struct evbuffer *evbuf, ev_uint32_t *plength)
407 {
408 	int res, len;
409 
410 	len = decode_tag_internal(NULL, evbuf, 0 /* dodrain */);
411 	if (len == -1)
412 		return (-1);
413 
414 	res = decode_int_internal(plength, evbuf, len);
415 	if (res == -1)
416 		return (-1);
417 
418 	*plength += res + len;
419 
420 	return (0);
421 }
422 
423 int
424 evtag_payload_length(struct evbuffer *evbuf, ev_uint32_t *plength)
425 {
426 	int res, len;
427 
428 	len = decode_tag_internal(NULL, evbuf, 0 /* dodrain */);
429 	if (len == -1)
430 		return (-1);
431 
432 	res = decode_int_internal(plength, evbuf, len);
433 	if (res == -1)
434 		return (-1);
435 
436 	return (0);
437 }
438 
439 /* just unmarshals the header and returns the length of the remaining data */
440 
441 int
442 evtag_unmarshal_header(struct evbuffer *evbuf, ev_uint32_t *ptag)
443 {
444 	ev_uint32_t len;
445 
446 	if (decode_tag_internal(ptag, evbuf, 1 /* dodrain */) == -1)
447 		return (-1);
448 	if (evtag_decode_int(&len, evbuf) == -1)
449 		return (-1);
450 
451 	if (evbuffer_get_length(evbuf) < len)
452 		return (-1);
453 
454 	return (len);
455 }
456 
457 int
458 evtag_consume(struct evbuffer *evbuf)
459 {
460 	int len;
461 	if ((len = evtag_unmarshal_header(evbuf, NULL)) == -1)
462 		return (-1);
463 	evbuffer_drain(evbuf, len);
464 
465 	return (0);
466 }
467 
468 /* Reads the data type from an event buffer */
469 
470 int
471 evtag_unmarshal(struct evbuffer *src, ev_uint32_t *ptag, struct evbuffer *dst)
472 {
473 	int len;
474 
475 	if ((len = evtag_unmarshal_header(src, ptag)) == -1)
476 		return (-1);
477 
478 	if (evbuffer_add(dst, evbuffer_pullup(src, len), len) == -1)
479 		return (-1);
480 
481 	evbuffer_drain(src, len);
482 
483 	return (len);
484 }
485 
486 /* Marshaling for integers */
487 
488 int
489 evtag_unmarshal_int(struct evbuffer *evbuf, ev_uint32_t need_tag,
490     ev_uint32_t *pinteger)
491 {
492 	ev_uint32_t tag;
493 	ev_uint32_t len;
494 	int result;
495 
496 	if (decode_tag_internal(&tag, evbuf, 1 /* dodrain */) == -1)
497 		return (-1);
498 	if (need_tag != tag)
499 		return (-1);
500 	if (evtag_decode_int(&len, evbuf) == -1)
501 		return (-1);
502 
503 	if (evbuffer_get_length(evbuf) < len)
504 		return (-1);
505 
506 	result = decode_int_internal(pinteger, evbuf, 0);
507 	evbuffer_drain(evbuf, len);
508 	if (result < 0 || (size_t)result > len) /* XXX Should this be != rather than > ?*/
509 		return (-1);
510 	else
511 		return result;
512 }
513 
514 int
515 evtag_unmarshal_int64(struct evbuffer *evbuf, ev_uint32_t need_tag,
516     ev_uint64_t *pinteger)
517 {
518 	ev_uint32_t tag;
519 	ev_uint32_t len;
520 	int result;
521 
522 	if (decode_tag_internal(&tag, evbuf, 1 /* dodrain */) == -1)
523 		return (-1);
524 	if (need_tag != tag)
525 		return (-1);
526 	if (evtag_decode_int(&len, evbuf) == -1)
527 		return (-1);
528 
529 	if (evbuffer_get_length(evbuf) < len)
530 		return (-1);
531 
532 	result = decode_int64_internal(pinteger, evbuf, 0);
533 	evbuffer_drain(evbuf, len);
534 	if (result < 0 || (size_t)result > len) /* XXX Should this be != rather than > ?*/
535 		return (-1);
536 	else
537 		return result;
538 }
539 
540 /* Unmarshal a fixed length tag */
541 
542 int
543 evtag_unmarshal_fixed(struct evbuffer *src, ev_uint32_t need_tag, void *data,
544     size_t len)
545 {
546 	ev_uint32_t tag;
547 	int tag_len;
548 
549 	/* Now unmarshal a tag and check that it matches the tag we want */
550 	if ((tag_len = evtag_unmarshal_header(src, &tag)) < 0 ||
551 	    tag != need_tag)
552 		return (-1);
553 
554 	if ((size_t)tag_len != len)
555 		return (-1);
556 
557 	evbuffer_remove(src, data, len);
558 	return (0);
559 }
560 
561 int
562 evtag_unmarshal_string(struct evbuffer *evbuf, ev_uint32_t need_tag,
563     char **pstring)
564 {
565 	ev_uint32_t tag;
566 	int tag_len;
567 
568 	if ((tag_len = evtag_unmarshal_header(evbuf, &tag)) == -1 ||
569 	    tag != need_tag)
570 		return (-1);
571 
572 	*pstring = mm_malloc(tag_len + 1);
573 	if (*pstring == NULL) {
574 		event_warn("%s: malloc", __func__);
575 		return -1;
576 	}
577 	evbuffer_remove(evbuf, *pstring, tag_len);
578 	(*pstring)[tag_len] = '\0';
579 
580 	return (0);
581 }
582 
583 int
584 evtag_unmarshal_timeval(struct evbuffer *evbuf, ev_uint32_t need_tag,
585     struct timeval *ptv)
586 {
587 	ev_uint32_t tag;
588 	ev_uint32_t integer;
589 	int len, offset, offset2;
590 	int result = -1;
591 
592 	if ((len = evtag_unmarshal_header(evbuf, &tag)) == -1)
593 		return (-1);
594 	if (tag != need_tag)
595 		goto done;
596 	if ((offset = decode_int_internal(&integer, evbuf, 0)) == -1)
597 		goto done;
598 	ptv->tv_sec = integer;
599 	if ((offset2 = decode_int_internal(&integer, evbuf, offset)) == -1)
600 		goto done;
601 	ptv->tv_usec = integer;
602 	if (offset + offset2 > len) /* XXX Should this be != instead of > ? */
603 		goto done;
604 
605 	result = 0;
606  done:
607 	evbuffer_drain(evbuf, len);
608 	return result;
609 }
610