11315084cSEdwin Groothuis# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 21315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 31315084cSEdwin Groothuis 41315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (1999-11-15): 51315084cSEdwin Groothuis# To keep things manageable, we list only locations occupied year-round; see 61315084cSEdwin Groothuis# COMNAP - Stations and Bases 77ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.comnap.aq/comnap/comnap.nsf/P/Stations/ 81315084cSEdwin Groothuis# and 91315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Summary of the Peri-Antarctic Islands (1998-07-23) 107ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.spri.cam.ac.uk/bob/periant.htm 111315084cSEdwin Groothuis# for information. 121315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Unless otherwise specified, we have no time zone information. 131315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 141315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Except for the French entries, 151315084cSEdwin Groothuis# I made up all time zone abbreviations mentioned here; corrections welcome! 16c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# FORMAT is 'zzz' and GMTOFF is 0 for locations while uninhabited. 171315084cSEdwin Groothuis 18c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# These rules are stolen from the 'southamerica' file. 191315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 201315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule ArgAQ 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 - 211315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule ArgAQ 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S 221315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule ArgAQ 1967 only - Apr 2 0:00 0 - 231315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule ArgAQ 1967 1968 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 241315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule ArgAQ 1968 1969 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 - 251315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule ArgAQ 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S 261315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule ArgAQ 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 - 271315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule ChileAQ 1972 1986 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - 281315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule ChileAQ 1974 1987 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S 291315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule ChileAQ 1987 only - Apr 12 3:00u 0 - 301315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule ChileAQ 1988 1989 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - 311315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule ChileAQ 1988 only - Oct Sun>=1 4:00u 1:00 S 321315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule ChileAQ 1989 only - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S 331315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule ChileAQ 1990 only - Mar 18 3:00u 0 - 341315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule ChileAQ 1990 only - Sep 16 4:00u 1:00 S 351315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule ChileAQ 1991 1996 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - 361315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule ChileAQ 1991 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S 371315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule ChileAQ 1997 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 - 381315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule ChileAQ 1998 only - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - 391315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule ChileAQ 1998 only - Sep 27 4:00u 1:00 S 401315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule ChileAQ 1999 only - Apr 4 3:00u 0 - 41aad8a35cSEdwin GroothuisRule ChileAQ 1999 2010 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S 42aad8a35cSEdwin GroothuisRule ChileAQ 2000 2007 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - 43aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis# N.B.: the end of March 29 in Chile is March 30 in Universal time, 44aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis# which is used below in specifying the transition. 45aad8a35cSEdwin GroothuisRule ChileAQ 2008 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 - 46aad8a35cSEdwin GroothuisRule ChileAQ 2009 only - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - 47aad8a35cSEdwin GroothuisRule ChileAQ 2010 only - Apr Sun>=1 3:00u 0 - 48aad8a35cSEdwin GroothuisRule ChileAQ 2011 only - May Sun>=2 3:00u 0 - 49aad8a35cSEdwin GroothuisRule ChileAQ 2011 only - Aug Sun>=16 4:00u 1:00 S 50eb185a68SEdwin GroothuisRule ChileAQ 2012 max - Apr Sun>=23 3:00u 0 - 51eb185a68SEdwin GroothuisRule ChileAQ 2012 max - Sep Sun>=2 4:00u 1:00 S 521315084cSEdwin Groothuis 531315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Argentina - year-round bases 541315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Belgrano II, Confin Coast, -770227-0343737, since 1972-02-05 55eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Carlini, Potter Cove, King George Island, -6414-0602320, since 1982-01 56eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Esperanza, Hope Bay, -6323-05659, since 1952-12-17 57eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Marambio, -6414-05637, since 1969-10-29 581315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Orcadas, Laurie I, -6016-04444, since 1904-02-22 59eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# San Martín, Barry I, -6808-06706, since 1951-03-21 601315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (except 1960-03 / 1976-03-21) 611315084cSEdwin Groothuis 621315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Australia - territories 631315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Heard Island, McDonald Islands (uninhabited) 641315084cSEdwin Groothuis# previously sealers and scientific personnel wintered 651315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Margaret Turner reports 667ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# http://web.archive.org/web/20021204222245/http://www.dstc.qut.edu.au/DST/marg/daylight.html 67eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# (1999-09-30) that they're UTC+5, with no DST; 681315084cSEdwin Groothuis# presumably this is when they have visitors. 691315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 701315084cSEdwin Groothuis# year-round bases 711315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Casey, Bailey Peninsula, -6617+11032, since 1969 721315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Davis, Vestfold Hills, -6835+07759, since 1957-01-13 731315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (except 1964-11 - 1969-02) 741315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Mawson, Holme Bay, -6736+06253, since 1954-02-13 751315084cSEdwin Groothuis 761315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-11): 771315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Three Australian stations in Antarctica have changed their time zone: 781315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Casey moved from UTC+8 to UTC+11 791315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Davis moved from UTC+7 to UTC+5 801315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Mawson moved from UTC+6 to UTC+5 811315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The changes occurred on 2009-10-18 at 02:00 (local times). 821315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 831315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Government source: (Australian Antarctic Division) 841315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.aad.gov.au/default.asp?casid=37079 851315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 861315084cSEdwin Groothuis# We have more background information here: 871315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antarctica-new-times.html 881315084cSEdwin Groothuis 8974fd35aaSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-10): 90b1fd06c7SEdwin Groothuis# We got these changes from the Australian Antarctic Division: ... 9174fd35aaSEdwin Groothuis# 9274fd35aaSEdwin Groothuis# - Casey station reverted to its normal time of UTC+8 on 5 March 2010. 9374fd35aaSEdwin Groothuis# The change to UTC+11 is being considered as a regular summer thing but 9474fd35aaSEdwin Groothuis# has not been decided yet. 9574fd35aaSEdwin Groothuis# 9674fd35aaSEdwin Groothuis# - Davis station will revert to its normal time of UTC+7 at 10 March 2010 9774fd35aaSEdwin Groothuis# 20:00 UTC. 9874fd35aaSEdwin Groothuis# 9974fd35aaSEdwin Groothuis# - Mawson station stays on UTC+5. 10074fd35aaSEdwin Groothuis# 10174fd35aaSEdwin Groothuis# Background: 10274fd35aaSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antartica-time-changes-2010.html 10374fd35aaSEdwin Groothuis 1041315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1051315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Antarctica/Casey 0 - zzz 1969 106eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov 8:00 - AWST 2009 Oct 18 2:00 107eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov # Australian Western Std Time 1087ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis 11:00 - CAST 2010 Mar 5 2:00 # Casey Time 109eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov 8:00 - AWST 2011 Oct 28 2:00 110aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis 11:00 - CAST 2012 Feb 21 17:00u 111eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov 8:00 - AWST 1121315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Antarctica/Davis 0 - zzz 1957 Jan 13 1131315084cSEdwin Groothuis 7:00 - DAVT 1964 Nov # Davis Time 1141315084cSEdwin Groothuis 0 - zzz 1969 Feb 1151315084cSEdwin Groothuis 7:00 - DAVT 2009 Oct 18 2:00 11674fd35aaSEdwin Groothuis 5:00 - DAVT 2010 Mar 10 20:00u 117aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis 7:00 - DAVT 2011 Oct 28 2:00 118aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis 5:00 - DAVT 2012 Feb 21 20:00u 11974fd35aaSEdwin Groothuis 7:00 - DAVT 1201315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Antarctica/Mawson 0 - zzz 1954 Feb 13 1217ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis 6:00 - MAWT 2009 Oct 18 2:00 # Mawson Time 1221315084cSEdwin Groothuis 5:00 - MAWT 1231315084cSEdwin Groothuis# References: 1241315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Casey Weather (1998-02-26) 1257ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/casey/casey_aws.html 1261315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Davis Station, Antarctica (1998-02-26) 1277ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/davis/video.html 1281315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Mawson Station, Antarctica (1998-02-25) 1297ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/mawson/video.html 130eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov 131eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Belgium - year-round base 132eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Princess Elisabeth, Queen Maud Land, -713412+0231200, since 2007 1331315084cSEdwin Groothuis 1341315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Brazil - year-round base 135eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Ferraz, King George Island, -6205+05824, since 1983/4 136eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov 137eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Bulgaria - year-round base 138eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# St. Kliment Ohridski, Livingston Island, -623829-0602153, since 1988 1391315084cSEdwin Groothuis 1401315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Chile - year-round bases and towns 1411315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Escudero, South Shetland Is, -621157-0585735, since 1994 142eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Frei Montalva, King George Island, -6214-05848, since 1969-03-07 143eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# O'Higgins, Antarctic Peninsula, -6319-05704, since 1948-02 144eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Prat, -6230-05941 1451315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Villa Las Estrellas (a town), around the Frei base, since 1984-04-09 1461315084cSEdwin Groothuis# These locations have always used Santiago time; use TZ='America/Santiago'. 1471315084cSEdwin Groothuis 1481315084cSEdwin Groothuis# China - year-round bases 1491315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Great Wall, King George Island, -6213-05858, since 1985-02-20 1501315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Zhongshan, Larsemann Hills, Prydz Bay, -6922+07623, since 1989-02-26 1511315084cSEdwin Groothuis 152eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# France - year-round bases (also see "France & Italy") 1531315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1541315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Antoine Leca (1997-01-20): 1557ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# Time data entries are from Nicole Pailleau at the IFRTP 1561315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (French Institute for Polar Research and Technology). 157eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# She confirms that French Southern Territories and Terre Adélie bases 158eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# don't observe daylight saving time, even if Terre Adélie supplies came 1591315084cSEdwin Groothuis# from Tasmania. 1601315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1611315084cSEdwin Groothuis# French Southern Territories with year-round inhabitants 1621315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 163eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Alfred Faure, Possession Island, Crozet Islands, -462551+0515152, since 1964; 164eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# sealing & whaling stations operated variously 1802/1911+; 165eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# see Indian/Reunion. 166eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 167eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Martin-de-Viviès, Amsterdam Island, -374105+0773155, since 1950 168eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Port-aux-Français, Kerguelen Islands, -492110+0701303, since 1951; 1691315084cSEdwin Groothuis# whaling & sealing station operated 1908/1914, 1920/1929, and 1951/1956 1701315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1711315084cSEdwin Groothuis# St Paul Island - near Amsterdam, uninhabited 1721315084cSEdwin Groothuis# fishing stations operated variously 1819/1931 1731315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1741315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 175eb1c1a05SSergey KandaurovZone Indian/Kerguelen 0 - zzz 1950 # Port-aux-Français 1761315084cSEdwin Groothuis 5:00 - TFT # ISO code TF Time 1771315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1781315084cSEdwin Groothuis# year-round base in the main continent 179eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Dumont d'Urville, Île des Pétrels, -6640+14001, since 1956-11 180eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumont_d'Urville_Station> (2005-12-05) 1811315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1821315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Another base at Port-Martin, 50km east, began operation in 1947. 1831315084cSEdwin Groothuis# It was destroyed by fire on 1952-01-14. 1841315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1851315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1861315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Antarctica/DumontDUrville 0 - zzz 1947 1871315084cSEdwin Groothuis 10:00 - PMT 1952 Jan 14 # Port-Martin Time 1881315084cSEdwin Groothuis 0 - zzz 1956 Nov 1891315084cSEdwin Groothuis 10:00 - DDUT # Dumont-d'Urville Time 190eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov 191eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# France & Italy - year-round base 192eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Concordia, -750600+1232000, since 2005 1931315084cSEdwin Groothuis 1941315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Germany - year-round base 195eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Neumayer III, -704080-0081602, since 2009 1961315084cSEdwin Groothuis 197eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# India - year-round bases 198eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Bharati, -692428+0761114, since 2012 199eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Maitri, -704558+0114356, since 1989 200eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov 201eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Italy - year-round base (also see "France & Italy") 202eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Zuchelli, Terra Nova Bay, -744140+1640647, since 1986 2031315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2041315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Japan - year-round bases 205eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Syowa (also known as Showa), -690022+0393524, since 1957 2061315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2071315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1999-02-06): 2081315084cSEdwin Groothuis# In all Japanese stations, +0300 is used as the standard time. 2091315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2101315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Syowa station, which is the first antarctic station of Japan, 2111315084cSEdwin Groothuis# was established on 1957-01-29. Since Syowa station is still the main 2121315084cSEdwin Groothuis# station of Japan, it's appropriate for the principal location. 2131315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2141315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Antarctica/Syowa 0 - zzz 1957 Jan 29 2151315084cSEdwin Groothuis 3:00 - SYOT # Syowa Time 2161315084cSEdwin Groothuis# See: 2171315084cSEdwin Groothuis# NIPR Antarctic Research Activities (1999-08-17) 2187ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.nipr.ac.jp/english/ara01.html 2191315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2201315084cSEdwin Groothuis# S Korea - year-round base 221eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Jang Bogo, Terra Nova Bay, -743700+1641205 since 2014 2221315084cSEdwin Groothuis# King Sejong, King George Island, -6213-05847, since 1988 2231315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2241315084cSEdwin Groothuis# New Zealand - claims 2251315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Balleny Islands (never inhabited) 2261315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Scott Island (never inhabited) 2271315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2281315084cSEdwin Groothuis# year-round base 229c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# Scott Base, Ross Island, since 1957-01. 230c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# See Pacific/Auckland. 2311315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2321315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Norway - territories 2331315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Bouvet (never inhabited) 2341315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2351315084cSEdwin Groothuis# claims 2361315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Peter I Island (never inhabited) 237bf5a54b2SEdwin Groothuis# 238bf5a54b2SEdwin Groothuis# year-round base 239bf5a54b2SEdwin Groothuis# Troll, Queen Maud Land, -720041+0023206, since 2005-02-12 240bf5a54b2SEdwin Groothuis# 241bf5a54b2SEdwin Groothuis# From Paul-Inge Flakstad (2014-03-10): 242bf5a54b2SEdwin Groothuis# I recently had a long dialog about this with the developer of timegenie.com. 243bf5a54b2SEdwin Groothuis# In the absence of specific dates, he decided to choose some likely ones: 244bf5a54b2SEdwin Groothuis# GMT +1 - From March 1 to the last Sunday in March 245bf5a54b2SEdwin Groothuis# GMT +2 - From the last Sunday in March until the last Sunday in October 246bf5a54b2SEdwin Groothuis# GMT +1 - From the last Sunday in October until November 7 247bf5a54b2SEdwin Groothuis# GMT +0 - From November 7 until March 1 248bf5a54b2SEdwin Groothuis# The dates for switching to and from UTC+0 will probably not be absolutely 249bf5a54b2SEdwin Groothuis# correct, but they should be quite close to the actual dates. 250bf5a54b2SEdwin Groothuis# 251bf5a54b2SEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2014-03-21): 252bf5a54b2SEdwin Groothuis# The CET-switching Troll rules require zic from tzcode 2014b or later, so as 253bf5a54b2SEdwin Groothuis# suggested by Bengt-Inge Larsson comment them out for now, and approximate 254bf5a54b2SEdwin Groothuis# with only UTC and CEST. Uncomment them when 2014b is more prevalent. 255bf5a54b2SEdwin Groothuis# 256bf5a54b2SEdwin Groothuis# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 257bf5a54b2SEdwin Groothuis#Rule Troll 2005 max - Mar 1 1:00u 1:00 CET 258bf5a54b2SEdwin GroothuisRule Troll 2005 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 2:00 CEST 259bf5a54b2SEdwin Groothuis#Rule Troll 2005 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 1:00 CET 260bf5a54b2SEdwin Groothuis#Rule Troll 2004 max - Nov 7 1:00u 0:00 UTC 261bf5a54b2SEdwin Groothuis# Remove the following line when uncommenting the above '#Rule' lines. 262bf5a54b2SEdwin GroothuisRule Troll 2004 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0:00 UTC 263bf5a54b2SEdwin Groothuis# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 264bf5a54b2SEdwin GroothuisZone Antarctica/Troll 0 - zzz 2005 Feb 12 265bf5a54b2SEdwin Groothuis 0:00 Troll %s 2661315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2671315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Poland - year-round base 2681315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Arctowski, King George Island, -620945-0582745, since 1977 2691315084cSEdwin Groothuis 270eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Romania - year-bound base 271eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Law-Racoviță, Larsemann Hills, -692319+0762251, since 1986 272eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov 2731315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Russia - year-round bases 2741315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Bellingshausen, King George Island, -621159-0585337, since 1968-02-22 2751315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Mirny, Davis coast, -6633+09301, since 1956-02 2761315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Molodezhnaya, Alasheyev Bay, -6740+04551, 2771315084cSEdwin Groothuis# year-round from 1962-02 to 1999-07-01 2781315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Novolazarevskaya, Queen Maud Land, -7046+01150, 2791315084cSEdwin Groothuis# year-round from 1960/61 to 1992 2801315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2811315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Vostok, since 1957-12-16, temporarily closed 1994-02/1994-11 2827ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# From Craig Mundell (1994-12-15): 2837ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/antarctica/QA/computers/Directions,Time,ZIP 2841315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Vostok, which is one of the Russian stations, is set on the same 2851315084cSEdwin Groothuis# time as Moscow, Russia. 2861315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2871315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Lee Hotz (2001-03-08): 2881315084cSEdwin Groothuis# I queried the folks at Columbia who spent the summer at Vostok and this is 2891315084cSEdwin Groothuis# what they had to say about time there: 290c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# "in the US Camp (East Camp) we have been on New Zealand (McMurdo) 2911315084cSEdwin Groothuis# time, which is 12 hours ahead of GMT. The Russian Station Vostok was 2921315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 6 hours behind that (although only 2 miles away, i.e. 6 hours ahead 2931315084cSEdwin Groothuis# of GMT). This is a time zone I think two hours east of Moscow. The 294c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# natural time zone is in between the two: 8 hours ahead of GMT." 2951315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2961315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-04): 2971315084cSEdwin Groothuis# This seems to be hopelessly confusing, so I asked Lee Hotz about it 298eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# in person. He said that some Antarctic locations set their local 2991315084cSEdwin Groothuis# time so that noon is the warmest part of the day, and that this 3001315084cSEdwin Groothuis# changes during the year and does not necessarily correspond to mean 3011315084cSEdwin Groothuis# solar noon. So the Vostok time might have been whatever the clocks 3021315084cSEdwin Groothuis# happened to be during their visit. So we still don't really know what time 3031315084cSEdwin Groothuis# it is at Vostok. But we'll guess UTC+6. 3041315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 3051315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Antarctica/Vostok 0 - zzz 1957 Dec 16 3061315084cSEdwin Groothuis 6:00 - VOST # Vostok time 3071315084cSEdwin Groothuis 3081315084cSEdwin Groothuis# S Africa - year-round bases 3091315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Marion Island, -4653+03752 310eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# SANAE IV, Vesleskarvet, Queen Maud Land, -714022-0025026, since 1997 3111315084cSEdwin Groothuis 312eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Ukraine - year-round base 313eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Vernadsky (formerly Faraday), Galindez Island, -651445-0641526, since 1954 314eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov 315eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# United Kingdom 3161315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 3171315084cSEdwin Groothuis# British Antarctic Territories (BAT) claims 3181315084cSEdwin Groothuis# South Orkney Islands 3191315084cSEdwin Groothuis# scientific station from 1903 3201315084cSEdwin Groothuis# whaling station at Signy I 1920/1926 3211315084cSEdwin Groothuis# South Shetland Islands 3221315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 3231315084cSEdwin Groothuis# year-round bases 3241315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Bird Island, South Georgia, -5400-03803, since 1983 3251315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Deception Island, -6259-06034, whaling station 1912/1931, 3261315084cSEdwin Groothuis# scientific station 1943/1967, 3271315084cSEdwin Groothuis# previously sealers and a scientific expedition wintered by accident, 3281315084cSEdwin Groothuis# and a garrison was deployed briefly 3291315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Halley, Coates Land, -7535-02604, since 1956-01-06 3301315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Halley is on a moving ice shelf and is periodically relocated 3311315084cSEdwin Groothuis# so that it is never more than 10km from its nominal location. 3321315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Rothera, Adelaide Island, -6734-6808, since 1976-12-01 3331315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 3341315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2002-10-22) 3351315084cSEdwin Groothuis# <http://webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/g.html> says Rothera is -03 all year. 3361315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 3371315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3381315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Antarctica/Rothera 0 - zzz 1976 Dec 1 3391315084cSEdwin Groothuis -3:00 - ROTT # Rothera time 3401315084cSEdwin Groothuis 3411315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Uruguay - year round base 3421315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Artigas, King George Island, -621104-0585107 3431315084cSEdwin Groothuis 3441315084cSEdwin Groothuis# USA - year-round bases 3451315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 3461315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Palmer, Anvers Island, since 1965 (moved 2 miles in 1968) 3471315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 3481315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Ethan Dicks (1996-10-06): 3491315084cSEdwin Groothuis# It keeps the same time as Punta Arenas, Chile, because, just like us 3501315084cSEdwin Groothuis# and the South Pole, that's the other end of their supply line.... 3511315084cSEdwin Groothuis# I verified with someone who was there that since 1980, 3521315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Palmer has followed Chile. Prior to that, before the Falklands War, 3531315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Palmer used to be supplied from Argentina. 3541315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 3551315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3561315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Antarctica/Palmer 0 - zzz 1965 3571315084cSEdwin Groothuis -4:00 ArgAQ AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 3581315084cSEdwin Groothuis -3:00 ArgAQ AR%sT 1982 May 3591315084cSEdwin Groothuis -4:00 ChileAQ CL%sT 3601315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 3611315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 362c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# McMurdo Station, Ross Island, since 1955-12 363c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, continuously occupied since 1956-11-20 3641315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 3651315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Chris Carrier (1996-06-27): 3661315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Siple, the first commander of the South Pole station, 3671315084cSEdwin Groothuis# stated that he would have liked to have kept GMT at the station, 3681315084cSEdwin Groothuis# but that he found it more convenient to keep GMT+12 3691315084cSEdwin Groothuis# as supplies for the station were coming from McMurdo Sound, 3701315084cSEdwin Groothuis# which was on GMT+12 because New Zealand was on GMT+12 all year 371eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# at that time (1957). (Source: Siple's book 90 Degrees South.) 3721315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 3731315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Susan Smith 3741315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.cybertours.com/whs/pole10.html 3751315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (1995-11-13 16:24:56 +1300, no longer available): 3761315084cSEdwin Groothuis# We use the same time as McMurdo does. 3771315084cSEdwin Groothuis# And they use the same time as Christchurch, NZ does.... 3781315084cSEdwin Groothuis# One last quirk about South Pole time. 3791315084cSEdwin Groothuis# All the electric clocks are usually wrong. 3801315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Something about the generators running at 60.1hertz or something 3811315084cSEdwin Groothuis# makes all of the clocks run fast. So every couple of days, 3821315084cSEdwin Groothuis# we have to go around and set them back 5 minutes or so. 3831315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Maybe if we let them run fast all of the time, we'd get to leave here sooner!! 3841315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 385c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# See 'australasia' for Antarctica/McMurdo. 386