189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# tzdb data for Asia and environs 289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps 31315084cSEdwin Groothuis# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 41315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 51315084cSEdwin Groothuis 67ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 71315084cSEdwin Groothuis# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 87ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see 97ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution. 101315084cSEdwin Groothuis 11798c0c0bSPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2019-07-11): 121315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 13d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is: 141315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 151315084cSEdwin Groothuis# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 16d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources. 171315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 18dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source 19dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# for time zone data was the International Air Transport 201315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 211315084cSEdwin Groothuis# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 22d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted, 23d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. 241315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 251315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 261315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 271315084cSEdwin Groothuis# I found in the UCLA library. 281315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 29eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis# For data circa 1899, a common source is: 307ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94. 318d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359 327ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# 337ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# For Russian data circa 1919, a source is: 347ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# Byalokoz EL. New Counting of Time in Russia since July 1, 1919. 357ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# (See the 'europe' file for a fuller citation.) 36eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis# 3789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# The following alphabetic abbreviations appear in these tables 3889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# (corrections are welcome): 391315084cSEdwin Groothuis# std dst 401315084cSEdwin Groothuis# LMT Local Mean Time 411315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time 421315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2:00 IST IDT Israel 431315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 5:30 IST India 44c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# 7:00 WIB west Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Barat) 45c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# 8:00 WITA central Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Tengah) 461315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 8:00 CST China 47798c0c0bSPhilip Paeps# 8:00 HKT HKST Hong Kong (HKWT* for Winter Time in late 1941) 48798c0c0bSPhilip Paeps# 8:00 PST PDT* Philippines 49dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# 8:30 KST KDT Korea when at +0830 50c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# 9:00 WIT east Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Timur) 511315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 9:00 JST JDT Japan 526790a258SEdwin Groothuis# 9:00 KST KDT Korea when at +09 53798c0c0bSPhilip Paeps# *I invented the abbreviations HKWT and PDT; see below. 54dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# Otherwise, these tables typically use numeric abbreviations like +03 55f2fcff28SPhilip Paeps# and +0330 for integer hour and minute UT offsets. Although earlier 56dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# editions invented alphabetic time zone abbreviations for every 57dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# offset, this did not reflect common practice. 581315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 59eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# See the 'europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia. 601315084cSEdwin Groothuis 611315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Guy Harris: 621315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as 631315084cSEdwin Groothuis# additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental 641315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide - 65dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# Worldwide Edition). 661315084cSEdwin Groothuis 671315084cSEdwin Groothuis############################################################################### 681315084cSEdwin Groothuis 69eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# These rules are stolen from the 'europe' file. 7012a899b6SPhilip Paeps# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 711315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S 721315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule EUAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - 731315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - 7446bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 - 751315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 761315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 7746bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 - 781315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 798fdf5721SBaptiste DaroussinRule RussiaAsia 1984 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 8046bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule RussiaAsia 1985 2010 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 - 818d7edd17SPhilip PaepsRule RussiaAsia 1996 2010 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 821315084cSEdwin Groothuis 831315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Afghanistan 842865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 851315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890 86dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 - +04 1945 87dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 4:30 - +0430 881315084cSEdwin Groothuis 891315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Armenia 901315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 911315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Shanks & Pottenger have Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) 921315084cSEdwin Groothuis# in spring 1991, then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then 931315084cSEdwin Groothuis# readopting Russian DST in 1997. Go with Shanks & Pottenger, even 941315084cSEdwin Groothuis# when they disagree with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz 951315084cSEdwin Groothuis# reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST 961315084cSEdwin Groothuis# in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that 971315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991, 981315084cSEdwin Groothuis# but started switching at 3:00s in 1998. 99aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis 100aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis# From Arthur David Olson (2011-06-15): 101aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis# While Russia abandoned DST in 2011, Armenia may choose to 102aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis# follow Russia's "old" rules. 103aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis 104aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2012-02-10): 105aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis# According to News Armenia, on Feb 9, 2012, 106aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis# http://newsarmenia.ru/society/20120209/42609695.html 107aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis# 108aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis# The Armenia National Assembly adopted final reading of Amendments to the 109aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis# Law "On procedure of calculation time on the territory of the Republic of 110aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis# Armenia" according to which Armenia [is] abolishing Daylight Saving Time. 111aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis# or 112aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis# (brief) 113aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_armenia03.html 11412a899b6SPhilip Paeps# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 11546bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Armenia 2011 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 - 1168d7edd17SPhilip PaepsRule Armenia 2011 only - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 1172865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1181315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2 1198fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 3:00 - +03 1957 Mar 1208fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 1218fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 3:00 RussiaAsia +03/+04 1995 Sep 24 2:00s 1228fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 - +04 1997 1238d7edd17SPhilip Paeps 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 2011 1248d7edd17SPhilip Paeps 4:00 Armenia +04/+05 1251315084cSEdwin Groothuis 1261315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Azerbaijan 1278fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 1281315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Rustam Aliyev of the Azerbaijan Internet Forum (2005-10-23): 1291315084cSEdwin Groothuis# According to the resolution of Cabinet of Ministers, 1997 1302d9bf4ceSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2015-09-17): It was Resolution No. 21 (1997-03-17). 1312d9bf4ceSEdwin Groothuis# http://code.az/files/daylight_res.pdf 1328fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 1338fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# From Steffen Thorsen (2016-03-17): 1348fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# ... the Azerbaijani Cabinet of Ministers has cancelled switching to 1358fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# daylight saving time.... 1368d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.azernews.az/azerbaijan/94137.html 1378fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# http://vestnikkavkaza.net/news/Azerbaijani-Cabinet-of-Ministers-cancels-daylight-saving-time.html 1388fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# http://en.apa.az/xeber_azerbaijan_abolishes_daylight_savings_ti_240862.html 1398fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 14012a899b6SPhilip Paeps# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 14146bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Azer 1997 2015 - Mar lastSun 4:00 1:00 - 1428fdf5721SBaptiste DaroussinRule Azer 1997 2015 - Oct lastSun 5:00 0 - 1432865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1441315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 1458fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 3:00 - +03 1957 Mar 1468fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 1478fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 3:00 RussiaAsia +03/+04 1992 Sep lastSun 2:00s 1488fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 - +04 1996 1498fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 EUAsia +04/+05 1997 1508fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 Azer +04/+05 1511315084cSEdwin Groothuis 1521315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Bangladesh 1531315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-05-13): 1541315084cSEdwin Groothuis# According to newspaper Asian Tribune (May 6, 2009) Bangladesh may introduce 1551315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Daylight Saving Time from June 16 to Sept 30 1561315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1571315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Bangladesh to introduce daylight saving time likely from June 16 1581315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288 1591315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html 1601315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1611315084cSEdwin Groothuis# "... Bangladesh government has decided to switch daylight saving time from 1621315084cSEdwin Groothuis# June 1631315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 16 till September 30 in a bid to ensure maximum use of daylight to cope with 1641315084cSEdwin Groothuis# crippling power crisis. " 1651315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1661315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The switch will remain in effect from June 16 to Sept 30 (2009) but if 1671315084cSEdwin Groothuis# implemented the next year, it will come in force from April 1, 2010 1681315084cSEdwin Groothuis 1691315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-02): 1701315084cSEdwin Groothuis# They have finally decided now, but changed the start date to midnight between 1711315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the 19th and 20th, and they have not set the end date yet. 1721315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1731315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Some sources: 1748d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601 1751315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2 1761315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1771315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Our wrap-up: 1788d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html 1791315084cSEdwin Groothuis 1801315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From A. N. M. Kamrus Saadat (2009-06-15): 1811315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Finally we've got the official mail regarding DST start time where DST start 1821315084cSEdwin Groothuis# time is mentioned as Jun 19 2009, 23:00 from BTRC (Bangladesh 1831315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Telecommunication Regulatory Commission). 1841315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1851315084cSEdwin Groothuis# No DST end date has been announced yet. 1861315084cSEdwin Groothuis 1871315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-25): 1881315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Bangladesh won't go back to Standard Time from October 1, 2009, 1891315084cSEdwin Groothuis# instead it will continue DST measure till the cabinet makes a fresh decision. 1901315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1911315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Following report by same newspaper-"The Daily Star Friday": 1921315084cSEdwin Groothuis# "DST change awaits cabinet decision-Clock won't go back by 1-hr from Oct 1" 1931315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=107021 1941315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh04.html 1951315084cSEdwin Groothuis 1961315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-13): 1971315084cSEdwin Groothuis# IANS (Indo-Asian News Service) now reports: 1981315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Bangladesh has decided that the clock advanced by an hour to make 1991315084cSEdwin Groothuis# maximum use of daylight hours as an energy saving measure would 2001315084cSEdwin Groothuis# "continue for an indefinite period." 2011315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2021315084cSEdwin Groothuis# One of many places where it is published: 2031315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/business/bangladesh-to-continue-indefinitely-with-advanced-time_100259987.html 2041315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2051315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-12-24): 2061315084cSEdwin Groothuis# According to Bangladesh newspaper "The Daily Star," 2071315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Bangladesh will change its clock back to Standard Time on Dec 31, 2009. 2081315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2091315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Clock goes back 1-hr on Dec 31 night. 2101315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=119228 2111315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh05.html 2121315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2131315084cSEdwin Groothuis# "...The government yesterday decided to put the clock back by one hour 2141315084cSEdwin Groothuis# on December 31 midnight and the new time will continue until March 31, 2151315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2010 midnight. The decision came at a cabinet meeting at the Prime 2161315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Minister's Office last night..." 2171315084cSEdwin Groothuis 218ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-22): 219ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# According to Bangladesh newspaper "The Daily Star," 220ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# Cabinet cancels Daylight Saving Time 221ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/latest_news.php?nid=22817 222ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh06.html 223157fb21cSEdwin Groothuis 22412a899b6SPhilip Paeps# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 22546bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Dhaka 2009 only - Jun 19 23:00 1:00 - 2267ce0f064SEdwin GroothuisRule Dhaka 2009 only - Dec 31 24:00 0 - 2271315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2282865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2291315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890 2301315084cSEdwin Groothuis 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 231dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 6:30 - +0630 1942 May 15 232dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 5:30 - +0530 1942 Sep 233dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 6:30 - +0630 1951 Sep 30 234dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 - +06 2009 235dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 Dhaka +06/+07 2361315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2371315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Bhutan 2382865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2391315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu 240dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 5:30 - +0530 1987 Oct 241dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 - +06 2421315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2431315084cSEdwin Groothuis# British Indian Ocean Territory 2441315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the 2451315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1997 and later maps say 6:00. Assume the switch occurred in 1996. 2461315084cSEdwin Groothuis# We have no information as to when standard time was introduced; 2471315084cSEdwin Groothuis# assume it occurred in 1907, the same year as Mauritius (which 2481315084cSEdwin Groothuis# then contained the Chagos Archipelago). 2492865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2501315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Indian/Chagos 4:49:40 - LMT 1907 251dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 1996 252dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 - +06 2531315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2549142a2a3SPhilip Paeps# Cocos (Keeling) Islands 2559142a2a3SPhilip Paeps# Myanmar (Burma) 256eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis 257eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis# Milne says 6:24:40 was the meridian of the time ball observatory at Rangoon. 258eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis 2598d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2017-04-20): 2608d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# Page 27 of Reed & Low (cited for Asia/Kolkata) says "Rangoon local time is 2618d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# used upon the railways and telegraphs of Burma, and is 6h. 24m. 47s. ahead 2628d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# of Greenwich." This refers to the period before Burma's transition to +0630, 2638d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# a transition for which Shanks is the only source. 2648d7edd17SPhilip Paeps 2652865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2668d7edd17SPhilip PaepsZone Asia/Yangon 6:24:47 - LMT 1880 # or Rangoon 2678d7edd17SPhilip Paeps 6:24:47 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon local time 268dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 6:30 - +0630 1942 May 269dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 9:00 - +09 1945 May 3 270dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 6:30 - +0630 2711315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2721315084cSEdwin Groothuis# China 2731315084cSEdwin Groothuis 274dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# From Phake Nick (2020-04-15): 275dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# According to this news report: 276dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# http://news.sina.com.cn/c/2004-09-01/19524201403.shtml 277dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# on April 11, 1919, newspaper in Shanghai said clocks in Shanghai will spring 278dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# forward for an hour starting from midnight of that Saturday. The report did 279dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# not mention what happened in Shanghai thereafter, but it mentioned that a 280dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# similar trial in Tianjin which ended at October 1st as citizens are told to 281dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# recede the clock on September 30 from 12:00pm to 11:00pm. The trial at 282dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# Tianjin got terminated in 1920. 283dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# 284dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2020-04-15): 285dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# The Returns of Trade and Trade Reports, page 711, says "Daylight saving was 286dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# given a trial during the year, and from the 12th April to the 1st October 287dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# the clocks were all set one hour ahead of sun time. Though the scheme was 288dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# generally esteemed a success, it was announced early in 1920 that it would 289dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# not be repeated." 290dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# 29112a899b6SPhilip Paeps# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 292dd5f96c4SPhilip PaepsRule Shang 1919 only - Apr 12 24:00 1:00 D 293dd5f96c4SPhilip PaepsRule Shang 1919 only - Sep 30 24:00 0 S 294dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps 29589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2018-10-02): 29689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# The following comes from Table 1 of: 29789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# Li Yu. Research on the daylight saving movement in 1940s Shanghai. 29889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# Nanjing Journal of Social Sciences. 2014;(2):144-50. 29989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# http://oversea.cnki.net/kns55/detail.aspx?dbname=CJFD2014&filename=NJSH201402020 30089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# The table lists dates only; I am guessing 00:00 and 24:00 transition times. 30189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# Also, the table lists the planned end of DST in 1949, but the corresponding 30289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# zone line cuts this off on May 28, when the Communists took power. 303dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps 304dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# From Phake Nick (2020-04-15): 305dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# 306dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# For the history of time in Shanghai between 1940-1942, the situation is 307dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# actually slightly more complex than the table [below].... At the time, 308dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# there were three different authorities in Shanghai, including Shanghai 309dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# International Settlement, a settlement established by western countries with 310dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# its own westernized form of government, Shanghai French Concession, similar 311dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# to the international settlement but is controlled by French, and then the 312dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# rest of the city of Shanghai, which have already been controlled by Japanese 313dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# force through a puppet local government (Wang Jingwei regime). It was 314dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# additionally complicated by the circumstances that, according to the 1940s 315dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# Shanghai summer time essay cited in the database, some 316dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# departments/businesses/people in the Shanghai city itself during that time 317dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# period, refused to change their clock and instead only changed their opening 318dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# hours. 319dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# 320dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# For example, as quoted in the article, in 1940, other than the authority 321dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# itself, power, tram, bus companies, cinema, department stores, and other 322dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# public service organizations have all decided to follow the summer time and 323dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# spring forward the clock. On the other hand, the custom office refused to 324dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# spring forward the clock because of worry on mechanical wear to the physical 325dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# clock, postal office refused to spring forward because of disruption to 326dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# business and log-keeping, although they did changed their office hour to 327dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# match rest of the city. So is travel agents, and also weather 328dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# observatory. It is said both time standards had their own supporters in the 329dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# city at the time, those who prefer new time standard would have moved their 330dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# clock while those who prefer the old time standard would keep their clock 331dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# unchange, and there were different clocks that use different time standard 332dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# in the city at the time for people who use different time standard to adjust 333dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# their clock to their preferred time. 334dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# 3359f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# a. For the 1940 May 31 spring forward, the essay [says] ... "Hong 3369f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# Kong government implemented the spring forward in the same time on 3379f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# the same date as Shanghai". 338dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# 339dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# b. For the 1940 fall back, it was said that they initially intended to do 340dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# so on September 30 00:59 at night, however they postponed it to October 12 341dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# after discussion with relevant parties. However schools restored to the 342dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# original schedule ten days earlier. 343dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# 344dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# c. For the 1941 spring forward, it is said to start from March 15 345dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# "following the previous year's method", and in addition to that the essay 346dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# cited an announcement in 1941 from the Wang regime which said the Special 347dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# City of Shanghai under Wang regime control will follow the DST rule set by 348dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# the Settlements, irrespective of the original DST plan announced by the Wang 349dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# regime for other area under its control(April 1 to September 30). (no idea 350dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# to situation before that announcement) 351dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# 352dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# d. For the 1941 fall back, it was said that the fall back would occurs at 353dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# the end of September (A newspaper headline cited by the essay, published on 354dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# October 1, 1941, have the headlines which said "French Concession would 355dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# rewind to the old clock this morning), but it ultimately didn't happen due 356dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# to disagreement between the international settlement authority and the 357dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# French concession authority, and the fall back ultimately occurred on 358dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# November 1. 359dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# 360dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# e. In 1941 December, Japan have officially started war with the United 361dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# States and the United Kingdom, and in Shanghai they have marched into the 362dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# international settlement, taken over its control 363dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# 364dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# f. For the 1942 spring forward, the essay said that the spring forward 365dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# started on January 31. It said this time the custom office and postal 366dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# department will also change their clocks, unlike before. 367dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# 368dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# g. The essay itself didn't cover any specific changes thereafter until the 369dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# end of the war, it quoted a November 1942 command from the government of the 370dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# Wang regime, which claim the daylight saving time applies year round during 371dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# the war. However, the essay ambiguously said the period is "February 1 to 372dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# September 30", which I don't really understand what is the meaning of such 373dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# period in the context of year round implementation here.. More researches 374dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# might be needed to show exactly what happened during that period of time. 375dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps 376dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# From Phake Nick (2020-04-15): 377dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# According to a Japanese tour bus pamphlet in Nanjing area believed to be 378dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# from around year 1941: http://www.tt-museum.jp/tairiku_0280_nan1941.html , 379dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# the schedule listed was in the format of Japanese time. Which indicate some 380dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# use of the Japanese time (instead of syncing by DST) might have occurred in 381dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# the Yangtze river delta area during that period of time although the scope 382dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# of such use will need to be investigated to determine. 38389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 38412a899b6SPhilip Paeps# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 38589abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Shang 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 38689abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Shang 1940 only - Oct 12 24:00 0 S 38789abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Shang 1941 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D 38889abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Shang 1941 only - Nov 1 24:00 0 S 38989abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Shang 1942 only - Jan 31 0:00 1:00 D 39089abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Shang 1945 only - Sep 1 24:00 0 S 39189abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Shang 1946 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D 39289abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Shang 1946 only - Sep 30 24:00 0 S 39389abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Shang 1947 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D 39489abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Shang 1947 only - Oct 31 24:00 0 S 39589abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Shang 1948 1949 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 39689abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Shang 1948 1949 - Sep 30 24:00 0 S #plan 39789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps 3981315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Guy Harris: 3991315084cSEdwin Groothuis# People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone. 4001315084cSEdwin Groothuis 4011315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): 4021315084cSEdwin Groothuis# No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though 4031315084cSEdwin Groothuis# China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the 404eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Peking (Beijing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China 405eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# has two of 'em - Peking's and Ürümqi (named after the capital of 4061315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it. 4071315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 4081315084cSEdwin Groothuis# . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too 409eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# painful to suck in another copy. So, here is what I have for 4101315084cSEdwin Groothuis# DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP): 4111315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 4121315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1986 May 4 - Sept 14 4131315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1987 mid-April - ?? 4141315084cSEdwin Groothuis 4151315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19): 4161315084cSEdwin Groothuis# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN 4171315084cSEdwin Groothuis# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10 4181315084cSEdwin Groothuis 419eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From Paul Eggert (2008-02-11): 420eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Jim Mann, "A clumsy embrace for another western custom: China on daylight 421eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# time - sort of", Los Angeles Times, 1986-05-05 ... [says] that China began 422eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# observing daylight saving time in 1986. 4231315084cSEdwin Groothuis 42489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# From P Chan (2018-05-07): 42589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# The start and end time of DST in China [from 1986 on] should be 2:00 42689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# (i.e. 2:00 to 3:00 at the start and 2:00 to 1:00 at the end).... 42789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# Government notices about summer time: 42889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 42989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 1986-04-12 http://www.zj.gov.cn/attach/zfgb/198608.pdf p.21-22 43089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# (To establish summer time from 1986. On 4 May, set the clocks ahead one hour 43189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# at 2 am. On 14 September, set the clocks backward one hour at 2 am.) 43289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 43389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 1987-02-15 http://www.gov.cn/gongbao/shuju/1987/gwyb198703.pdf p.114 43489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# (Summer time in 1987 to start from 12 April until 13 September) 43589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 43689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 1987-09-09 http://www.gov.cn/gongbao/shuju/1987/gwyb198721.pdf p.709 43789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# (From 1988, summer time to start from 2 am of the first Sunday of mid-April 43889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# until 2 am of the first Sunday of mid-September) 43989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 44089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 1992-03-03 http://www.gov.cn/gongbao/shuju/1992/gwyb199205.pdf p.152 44189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# (To suspend summer time from 1992) 44289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 44389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# The first page of People's Daily on 12 April 1988 stating that summer time 44489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# to begin on 17 April. 44589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# http://data.people.com.cn/pic/101p/1988/04/1988041201.jpg 44689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps 44712a899b6SPhilip Paeps# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 44889abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule PRC 1986 only - May 4 2:00 1:00 D 44989abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 2:00 0 S 45089abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=11 2:00 1:00 D 4511315084cSEdwin Groothuis 4521315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20): 4531315084cSEdwin Groothuis# BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five 4541315084cSEdwin Groothuis# historic timezones from some Taiwan websites. And yes, there are official 4551315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Chinese names for these locales (before 1949). 4561315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 457eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-07-14): 4581315084cSEdwin Groothuis# I have investigated the timezones around 1970 on the 4598d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.astro.com/atlas site [with provinces and county 4601315084cSEdwin Groothuis# boundaries summarized below].... A few other exceptions were two 4611315084cSEdwin Groothuis# counties on the Sichuan side of the Xizang-Sichuan border, 4621315084cSEdwin Groothuis# counties Dege and Baiyu which lies on the Sichuan side and are 4631315084cSEdwin Groothuis# therefore supposed to be GMT+7, Xizang region being GMT+6, but Dege 4641315084cSEdwin Groothuis# county is GMT+8 according to astro.com while Baiyu county is GMT+6 4651315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (could be true), for the moment I am assuming that those two 4661315084cSEdwin Groothuis# counties are mistakes in the astro.com data. 4671315084cSEdwin Groothuis 468dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# From Paul Eggert (2017-01-05): 469eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Alois Treindl kindly sent me translations of the following two sources: 4701315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 471eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# (1) 47289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# Guo Qing-sheng (National Time-Service Center, CAS, Xi'an 710600, China) 473eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Beijing Time at the Beginning of the PRC 474eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# China Historical Materials of Science and Technology 47589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# (Zhongguo ke ji shi liao, 中国科技史料). 2003;24(1):5-9. 47689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# http://oversea.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?filename=ZGKS200301000&dbname=CJFD2003 477eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# It gives evidence that at the beginning of the PRC, Beijing time was 478eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# officially apparent solar time! However, Guo also says that the 479eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# evidence is dubious, as the relevant institute of astronomy had not 480eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# been taken over by the PRC yet. It's plausible that apparent solar 481eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# time was announced but never implemented, and that people continued 482eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# to use UT+8. As the Shanghai radio station (and I presume the 483eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# observatory) was still under control of French missionaries, it 484eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# could well have ignored any such mandate. 4851315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 486eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# (2) 487eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Guo Qing-sheng (Shaanxi Astronomical Observatory, CAS, Xi'an 710600, China) 488eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# A Study on the Standard Time Changes for the Past 100 Years in China 489eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# [undated and unknown publication location] 490eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# It says several things: 491eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# * The Qing dynasty used local apparent solar time throughout China. 492eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# * The Republic of China instituted Beijing mean solar time effective 493eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# the official calendar book of 1914. 494eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# * The French Concession in Shanghai set up signal stations in 4957ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# French docks in the 1890s, controlled by Xujiahui (Zikawei) 4967ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# Observatory and set to local mean time. 497eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# * "From the end of the 19th century" it changed to UT+8. 498eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# * Chinese Customs (by then reduced to a tool of foreign powers) 499eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# eventually standardized on this time for all ports, and it 500eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# became used by railways as well. 501eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# * In 1918 the Central Observatory proposed dividing China into 502eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# five time zones (see below for details). This caught on 503eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# at first only in coastal areas observing UT+8. 504eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# * During WWII all of China was in theory was at UT+7. In practice 505eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# this was ignored in the west, and I presume was ignored in 506eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Japanese-occupied territory. 507eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# * Japanese-occupied Manchuria was at UT+9, i.e., Japan time. 508eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# * The five-zone plan was resurrected after WWII and officially put into 509eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# place (with some modifications) in March 1948. It's not clear 510eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# how well it was observed in areas under Nationalist control. 511eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# * The People's Liberation Army used UT+8 during the civil war. 512eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 513eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# An AP article "Shanghai Internat'l Area Little Changed" in the 514eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Lewiston (ME) Daily Sun (1939-05-29), p 17, said "Even the time is 515eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# different - the occupied districts going by Tokyo time, an hour 516eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# ahead of that prevailing in the rest of Shanghai." Guess that the 5178fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Xujiahui Observatory was under French control and stuck with UT +08. 518eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 519eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# In earlier versions of this file, China had many separate Zone entries, but 5207ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# this was based on what were apparently incorrect data in Shanks & Pottenger. 521eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# This has now been simplified to the two entries Asia/Shanghai and 522eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Asia/Urumqi, with the others being links for backward compatibility. 523eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Proposed in 1918 and theoretically in effect until 1949 (although in practice 524eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# mainly observed in coastal areas), the five zones were: 525eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 5268fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area) UT +08:30 527dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# Now part of Asia/Shanghai; its pre-1970 times are not recorded here. 5281315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin 529eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 5308fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time") UT +08 531dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# Now part of Asia/Shanghai. 5321315084cSEdwin Groothuis# most of China 5339f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# Milne gives 8:05:43.2 for Xujiahui Observatory time.... 5348fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Guo says Shanghai switched to UT +08 "from the end of the 19th century". 535eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 536dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# Long-shu Time (probably as Long and Shu were two names of the area) UT +07 537dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# Now part of Asia/Shanghai; its pre-1970 times are not recorded here. 5381315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan; 539dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; east Qinghai; and the Guangdong 5401315084cSEdwin Groothuis# counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing, 5411315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu. 542eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 5438fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time") UT +06 544dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# This region is now part of either Asia/Urumqi or Asia/Shanghai with 545dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# current boundaries uncertain; times before 1970 for areas that 546dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# disagree with Ürümqi or Shanghai are not recorded here. 5471315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The Gansu counties Aksay, Anxi, Dunhuang, Subei; west Qinghai; 5481315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the Guangdong counties Xuwen, Haikang, Suixi, Lianjiang, 5491315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Zhanjiang, Wuchuan, Huazhou, Gaozhou, Maoming, Dianbai, and Xinyi; 5501315084cSEdwin Groothuis# east Tibet, including Lhasa, Chamdo, Shigaise, Jimsar, Shawan and Hutubi; 551eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# east Xinjiang, including Ürümqi, Turpan, Karamay, Korla, Minfeng, Jinghe, 5521315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Wusu, Qiemo, Xinyan, Wulanwusu, Jinghe, Yumin, Tacheng, Tuoli, Emin, 5531315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Shihezi, Changji, Yanqi, Heshuo, Tuokexun, Tulufan, Shanshan, Hami, 5541315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Fukang, Kuitun, Kumukuli, Miquan, Qitai, and Turfan. 555eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 5568fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Kunlun Time UT +05:30 557dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# This region is now in the same status as Xin-zang Time (see above). 5581315084cSEdwin Groothuis# West Tibet, including Pulan, Aheqi, Shufu, Shule; 5591315084cSEdwin Groothuis# West Xinjiang, including Aksu, Atushi, Yining, Hetian, Cele, Luopu, Nileke, 5601315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Zhaosu, Tekesi, Gongliu, Chabuchaer, Huocheng, Bole, Pishan, Suiding, 5611315084cSEdwin Groothuis# and Yarkand. 5621315084cSEdwin Groothuis 5631315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Luther Ma (2009-10-17): 5641315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Almost all (>99.9%) ethnic Chinese (properly ethnic Han) living in 5651315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Xinjiang use Chinese Standard Time. Some are aware of Xinjiang time, 5661315084cSEdwin Groothuis# but have no need of it. All planes, trains, and schools function on 5671315084cSEdwin Groothuis# what is called "Beijing time." When Han make an appointment in Chinese 5681315084cSEdwin Groothuis# they implicitly use Beijing time. 5691315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 5701315084cSEdwin Groothuis# On the other hand, ethnic Uyghurs, who make up about half the 5711315084cSEdwin Groothuis# population of Xinjiang, typically use "Xinjiang time" which is two 5728fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# hours behind Beijing time, or UT +06. The government of the Xinjiang 5731315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Uyghur Autonomous Region, (XAUR, or just Xinjiang for short) as well as 574eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# local governments such as the Ürümqi city government use both times in 5751315084cSEdwin Groothuis# publications, referring to what is popularly called Xinjiang time as 576eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# "Ürümqi time." When Uyghurs make an appointment in the Uyghur language 5771315084cSEdwin Groothuis# they almost invariably use Xinjiang time. 5781315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 5791315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (Their ethnic Han compatriots would typically have no clue of its 5801315084cSEdwin Groothuis# widespread use, however, because so extremely few of them are fluent in 5811315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Uyghur, comparable to the number of Anglo-Americans fluent in Navajo.) 5821315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 5831315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (...As with the rest of China there was a brief interval ending in 1990 5841315084cSEdwin Groothuis# or 1991 when summer time was in use. The confusion was severe, with 5851315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the province not having dual times but four times in use at the same 5861315084cSEdwin Groothuis# time. Some areas remained on standard Xinjiang time or Beijing time and 5871315084cSEdwin Groothuis# others moving their clocks ahead.) 5881315084cSEdwin Groothuis 5891315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Luther Ma (2009-11-19): 5901315084cSEdwin Groothuis# With the risk of being redundant to previous answers these are the most common 5911315084cSEdwin Groothuis# English "transliterations" (w/o using non-English symbols): 5921315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 5931315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1. Wulumuqi... 5941315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2. Kashi... 5951315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 3. Urumqi... 5961315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 4. Kashgar... 5971315084cSEdwin Groothuis# ... 598eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 5. It seems that Uyghurs in Ürümqi has been using Xinjiang since at least the 5991315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1960's. I know of one Han, now over 50, who grew up in the surrounding 6001315084cSEdwin Groothuis# countryside and used Xinjiang time as a child. 6011315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 6021315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 6. Likewise for Kashgar and the rest of south Xinjiang I don't know of any 6031315084cSEdwin Groothuis# start date for Xinjiang time. 6041315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 6051315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Without having access to local historical records, nor the ability to legally 6061315084cSEdwin Groothuis# publish them, I would go with October 1, 1949, when Xinjiang became the Uyghur 6071315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Autonomous Region under the PRC. (Before that Uyghurs, of course, would also 6081315084cSEdwin Groothuis# not be using Beijing time, but some local time.) 6091315084cSEdwin Groothuis 610eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From David Cochrane (2014-03-26): 611eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Just a confirmation that Ürümqi time was implemented in Ürümqi on 1 Feb 1986: 6128d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,960684,00.html 613eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov 614eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From Luther Ma (2014-04-22): 615eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# I have interviewed numerous people of various nationalities and from 616eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# different localities in Xinjiang and can confirm the information in Guo's 617eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# report regarding Xinjiang, as well as the Time article reference by David 618eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Cochrane. Whether officially recognized or not (and both are officially 619eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# recognized), two separate times have been in use in Xinjiang since at least 620eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# the Cultural Revolution: Xinjiang Time (XJT), aka Ürümqi Time or local time; 621eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# and Beijing Time. There is no confusion in Xinjiang as to which name refers 622eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# to which time. Both are widely used in the province, although in some 623eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# population groups might be use one to the exclusion of the other. The only 624eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# problem is that computers and smart phones list Ürümqi (or Kashgar) as 625eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# having the same time as Beijing. 626eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov 627eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-30): 6288fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# In the early days of the PRC, Tibet was given its own time zone (UT +06) 6298fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# but this was withdrawn in 1959 and never reinstated; see Tubten Khétsun, 630eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Memories of life in Lhasa under Chinese Rule, Columbia U Press, ISBN 631eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 978-0231142861 (2008), translator's introduction by Matthew Akester, p x. 632eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# As this is before our 1970 cutoff, Tibet doesn't need a separate zone. 633eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 634eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Xinjiang Time is well-documented as being officially recognized. E.g., see 635eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# "The Working-Calendar for The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Government" 636eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# <http://www.sinkiang.gov.cn/service/ourworking/> (2014-04-22). 637eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Unfortunately, we have no good records of time in Xinjiang before 1986. 6387ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# During the 20th century parts of Xinjiang were ruled by the Qing dynasty, 639eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# the Republic of China, various warlords, the First and Second East Turkestan 640eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Republics, the Soviet Union, the Kuomintang, and the People's Republic of 641eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# China, and tracking down all these organizations' timekeeping rules would be 642eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# quite a trick. Approximate this lost history by a transition from LMT to 6438fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# UT +06 at the start of 1928, the year of accession of the warlord Jin Shuren, 644eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# which happens to be the date given by Shanks & Pottenger (no doubt as a 6458fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# guess) as the transition from LMT. Ignore the usage of +08 before 6468fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 1986-02-01 under the theory that the transition date to +08 is unknown and 647eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# that the sort of users who prefer Asia/Urumqi now typically ignored the 6488fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# +08 mandate back then. 649eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov 6502865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 651eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Beijing time, used throughout China; represented by Shanghai. 6529f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps #STDOFF 8:05:43.2 653eb1c1a05SSergey KandaurovZone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:43 - LMT 1901 65489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949 May 28 6551315084cSEdwin Groothuis 8:00 PRC C%sT 656eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Xinjiang time, used by many in western China; represented by Ürümqi / Ürümchi 657eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# / Wulumuqi. (Please use Asia/Shanghai if you prefer Beijing time.) 658eb1c1a05SSergey KandaurovZone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 659dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 - +06 6601315084cSEdwin Groothuis 661dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# Hong Kong 662eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis 6639f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# Milne gives 7:36:41.7. 664eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis 6651315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Lee Yiu Chung (2009-10-24): 6661315084cSEdwin Groothuis# I found there are some mistakes for the...DST rule for Hong 6671315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Kong. [According] to the DST record from Hong Kong Observatory (actually, 6681315084cSEdwin Groothuis# it is not [an] observatory, but the official meteorological agency of HK, 6691315084cSEdwin Groothuis# and also serves as the official timing agency), there are some missing 6701315084cSEdwin Groothuis# and incorrect rules. Although the exact switch over time is missing, I 671dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# think 3:30 is correct. 6721315084cSEdwin Groothuis 6732c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# From Phake Nick (2018-10-27): 6742c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# According to Singaporean newspaper 6752c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/singfreepresswk19041102-1.2.37 6762c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# the day that Hong Kong start using GMT+8 should be Oct 30, 1904. 6772c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 6782c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2018-11-17): 6792c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# Hong Kong had a time ball near the Marine Police Station, Tsim Sha Tsui. 6802c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# "The ball was raised manually each day and dropped at exactly 1pm 6812c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# (except on Sundays and Government holidays)." 6822c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# Dyson AD. From Time Ball to Atomic Clock. Hong Kong Government. 1983. 6832c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# <https://www.hko.gov.hk/publica/gen_pub/timeball_atomic_clock.pdf> 6842c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# "From 1904 October 30 the time-ball at Hong Kong has been dropped by order 6852c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# of the Governor of the Colony at 17h 0m 0s G.M.T., which is 23m 18s.14 in 6862c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# advance of 1h 0m 0s of Hong Kong mean time." 6872c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# Hollis HP. Universal Time, Longitudes, and Geodesy. Mon Not R Astron Soc. 6882c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 1905-02-10;65(4):405-6. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/65.4.382 6892c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 6902c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# From Joseph Myers (2018-11-18): 6912c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# An astronomer before 1925 referring to GMT would have been using the old 6922c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# astronomical convention where the day started at noon, not midnight. 6932c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 6942c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# From Steve Allen (2018-11-17): 6952c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# Meteorological Observations made at the Hongkong Observatory in the year 1904 6962c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# page 4 <https://books.google.com/books?id=kgw5AQAAMAAJ&pg=RA4-PA4> 6972c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# ... the log of drop times in Table II shows that on Sunday 1904-10-30 the 6982c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# ball was dropped. So that looks like a special case drop for the sake 6992c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# of broadcasting the new local time. 7002c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 7012c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# From Phake Nick (2018-11-18): 7022c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# According to The Hong Kong Weekly Press, 1904-10-29, p.324, the 7032c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# governor of Hong Kong at the time stated that "We are further desired to 7042c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# make it known that the change will be effected by firing the gun and by the 7052c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# dropping of the Ball at 23min. 18sec. before one." 7062c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2018-11-18): 7072c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# See <https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk> for this; unfortunately Flash is required. 7082c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 7092c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# From Phake Nick (2018-10-26): 7102c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# I went to check microfilm records stored at Hong Kong Public Library.... 7112c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# on September 30 1941, according to Ta Kung Pao (Hong Kong edition), it was 7122c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# stated that fallback would occur on the next day (the 1st)'s "03:00 am (Hong 7132c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# Kong Time 04:00 am)" and the clock will fall back for a half hour. (03:00 7142c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# probably refer to the time commonly used in mainland China at the time given 7152c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# the paper's background) ... the sunrise/sunset time given by South China 7162c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# Morning Post for October 1st was indeed moved by half an hour compares to 7172c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# before. After that, in December, the battle to capture Hong Kong started and 7182c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# the library doesn't seems to have any record stored about press during that 7192c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# period of time. Some media resumed publication soon after that within the 7202c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# same month, but there were not much information about time there. Later they 7212c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# started including a radio program guide when they restored radio service, 7222c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# explicitly mentioning it use Tokyo standard time, and later added a note 7232c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# saying it's half an hour ahead of the old Hong Kong standard time, and it 7242c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# also seems to indicate that Hong Kong was not using GMT+8 when it was 7252c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# captured by Japan. 7262c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 7272c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# Image of related sections on newspaper: 7282c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# * 1941-09-30, Ta Kung Pao (Hong Kong), "Winter Time start tomorrow". 7292c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# https://i.imgur.com/6waY51Z.jpg (Chinese) 7302c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# * 1941-09-29, South China Morning Post, Information on sunrise/sunset 7312c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# time and other things for September 30 and October 1. 7322c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# https://i.imgur.com/kCiUR78.jpg 7332c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# * 1942-02-05. The Hong Kong News, Radio Program Guide. 7342c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# https://i.imgur.com/eVvDMzS.jpg 7352c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# * 1941-06-14. Hong Kong Daily Press, Daylight Saving from 3am Tomorrow. 7362c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# https://i.imgur.com/05KkvtC.png 7372c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# * 1941-09-30, Hong Kong Daily Press, Winter Time Warning. 7382c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# https://i.imgur.com/dge4kFJ.png 7392c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 740798c0c0bSPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2019-07-11): 741798c0c0bSPhilip Paeps# "Hong Kong winter time" is considered to be daylight saving. 742798c0c0bSPhilip Paeps# "Hong Kong had adopted daylight saving on June 15 as a wartime measure, 743798c0c0bSPhilip Paeps# clocks moving forward one hour until October 1, when they would be put back 744798c0c0bSPhilip Paeps# by just half an hour for 'Hong Kong Winter time', so that daylight saving 745798c0c0bSPhilip Paeps# operated year round." -- Low Z. The longest day: when wartime Hong Kong 746798c0c0bSPhilip Paeps# introduced daylight saving. South China Morning Post. 2019-06-28. 747798c0c0bSPhilip Paeps# https://www.scmp.com/magazines/post-magazine/short-reads/article/3016281/longest-day-when-wartime-hong-kong-introduced 748798c0c0bSPhilip Paeps 7492865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# From P Chan (2018-12-31): 7502865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# * According to the Hong Kong Daylight-Saving Regulations, 1941, the 7512865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# 1941 spring-forward transition was at 03:00. 7522865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkgro/view/g1941/304271.pdf 7532865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkgro/view/g1941/305516.pdf 7542865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# * According to some articles from South China Morning Post, +08 was 7552865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# resumed on 1945-11-18 at 02:00. 7562865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# https://i.imgur.com/M2IsZ3c.png 7572865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# https://i.imgur.com/iOPqrVo.png 7582865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# https://i.imgur.com/fffcGDs.png 7592865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# * Some newspapers ... said the 1946 spring-forward transition was on 7602865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# 04-21 at 00:00. The Kung Sheung Evening News 1946-04-20 (Chinese) 7612865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# https://i.imgur.com/ZSzent0.png 7622865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk///c/portal/cover?c=QF757YsWv5%2FH7zGe%2FKF%2BFLYsuqGhRBfe p.4 7632865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# The Kung Sheung Daily News 1946-04-21 (Chinese) 7642865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# https://i.imgur.com/7ecmRlcm.png 7652865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk///c/portal/cover?c=QF757YsWv5%2BQBGt1%2BwUj5qG2GqtwR3Wh p.4 7662865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# * According to the Summer Time Ordinance (1946), the fallback 7672865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# transitions between 1946 and 1952 were at 03:30 Standard Time (+08) 7682865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# http://oelawhk.lib.hku.hk/archive/files/bb74b06a74d5294620a15de560ab33c6.pdf 7692865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# * Some other laws and regulations related to DST from 1953 to 1979 7702865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Summer Time Ordinance 1953 7712865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# https://i.imgur.com/IOlJMav.jpg 7722865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Summer Time (Amendment) Ordinance 1965 7732865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# https://i.imgur.com/8rofeLa.jpg 7742865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Interpretation and General Clauses Ordinance (1966) 7752865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# https://i.imgur.com/joy3msj.jpg 7762865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Emergency (Summer Time) Regulation 1973 <https://i.imgur.com/OpRWrKz.jpg> 7772865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Interpretation and General Clauses (Amendment) Ordinance 1977 7782865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# https://i.imgur.com/RaNqnc4.jpg 7792865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Resolution of the Legislative Council passed on 9 May 1979 7802865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# https://www.legco.gov.hk/yr78-79/english/lc_sitg/hansard/h790509.pdf#page=39 7812865ab3fSPhilip Paeps 782dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2020-04-15): 7831315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Here are the dates given at 784dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# https://www.hko.gov.hk/en/gts/time/Summertime.htm 785dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# as of 2020-02-10: 7861315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Year Period 7872c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 1941 15 Jun to 30 Sep 7881315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1942 Whole year 7891315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1943 Whole year 7901315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1944 Whole year 7911315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1945 Whole year 7921315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1946 20 Apr to 1 Dec 7932865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# 1947 13 Apr to 30 Nov 7941315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1948 2 May to 31 Oct 7951315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1949 3 Apr to 30 Oct 7961315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1950 2 Apr to 29 Oct 7971315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1951 1 Apr to 28 Oct 7982c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 1952 6 Apr to 2 Nov 7991315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1953 5 Apr to 1 Nov 8001315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1954 21 Mar to 31 Oct 8011315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1955 20 Mar to 6 Nov 8021315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1956 18 Mar to 4 Nov 8031315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1957 24 Mar to 3 Nov 8041315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1958 23 Mar to 2 Nov 8051315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1959 22 Mar to 1 Nov 8061315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1960 20 Mar to 6 Nov 8071315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1961 19 Mar to 5 Nov 8081315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1962 18 Mar to 4 Nov 8091315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1963 24 Mar to 3 Nov 8101315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1964 22 Mar to 1 Nov 8111315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1965 18 Apr to 17 Oct 8121315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1966 17 Apr to 16 Oct 8131315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1967 16 Apr to 22 Oct 8141315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1968 21 Apr to 20 Oct 8151315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1969 20 Apr to 19 Oct 8161315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1970 19 Apr to 18 Oct 8171315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1971 18 Apr to 17 Oct 8181315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1972 16 Apr to 22 Oct 8191315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1973 22 Apr to 21 Oct 8201315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1973/74 30 Dec 73 to 20 Oct 74 8211315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1975 20 Apr to 19 Oct 8221315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1976 18 Apr to 17 Oct 8231315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1977 Nil 8241315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1978 Nil 8251315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1979 13 May to 21 Oct 8261315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1980 to Now Nil 8272c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# The page does not give times of day for transitions, 8282c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# or dates for the 1942 and 1945 transitions. 8292c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# The Japanese occupation of Hong Kong began 1941-12-25. 8301315084cSEdwin Groothuis 83112a899b6SPhilip Paeps# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 8322865ab3fSPhilip PaepsRule HK 1946 only - Apr 21 0:00 1:00 S 8332865ab3fSPhilip PaepsRule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30s 0 - 8342865ab3fSPhilip PaepsRule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30s 1:00 S 8352865ab3fSPhilip PaepsRule HK 1947 only - Nov 30 3:30s 0 - 8362865ab3fSPhilip PaepsRule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30s 1:00 S 8372865ab3fSPhilip PaepsRule HK 1948 1952 - Oct Sun>=28 3:30s 0 - 8381315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S 8392865ab3fSPhilip PaepsRule HK 1953 1964 - Oct Sun>=31 3:30 0 - 8401315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S 84195aec0e6SEdwin GroothuisRule HK 1965 1976 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 84295aec0e6SEdwin GroothuisRule HK 1965 1976 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 8431315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule HK 1973 only - Dec 30 3:30 1:00 S 8442865ab3fSPhilip PaepsRule HK 1979 only - May 13 3:30 1:00 S 8452865ab3fSPhilip PaepsRule HK 1979 only - Oct 21 3:30 0 - 8462865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 8479f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps #STDOFF 7:36:41.7 8489f9fc6bbSPhilip PaepsZone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:42 - LMT 1904 Oct 29 17:00u 8492865ab3fSPhilip Paeps 8:00 - HKT 1941 Jun 15 3:00 8502c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 8:00 1:00 HKST 1941 Oct 1 4:00 851798c0c0bSPhilip Paeps 8:00 0:30 HKWT 1941 Dec 25 8522865ab3fSPhilip Paeps 9:00 - JST 1945 Nov 18 2:00 8531315084cSEdwin Groothuis 8:00 HK HK%sT 8541315084cSEdwin Groothuis 8551315084cSEdwin Groothuis############################################################################### 8561315084cSEdwin Groothuis 8571315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Taiwan 8581315084cSEdwin Groothuis 859696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# From smallufo (2010-04-03): 860eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# According to Taiwan's CWB [Central Weather Bureau], 861696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.cwb.gov.tw/V6/astronomy/cdata/summert.htm 862696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# Taipei has DST in 1979 between July 1st and Sep 30. 863696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis 864eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2013-07-12): 865eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# On Dec 28, 1895, the Meiji Emperor announced Ordinance No. 167 of 866eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Meiji Year 28 "The clause about standard time", mentioned that 867eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Taiwan and Penghu Islands, as well as Yaeyama and Miyako Islands 868eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# (both in Okinawa) adopt the Western Standard Time which is based on 869eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 120E. The adoption began from Jan 1, 1896. The original text can be 870eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# found on Wikisource: 8718d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/標準時ニ關スル件_(公布時) 872eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# ... This could be the first adoption of time zone in Taiwan, because 873eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# during the Qing Dynasty, it seems that there was no time zone 874eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# declared officially. 875eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 876eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Later, in the beginning of World War II, on Sep 25, 1937, the Showa 877eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Emperor announced Ordinance No. 529 of Showa Year 12 "The clause of 878eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# revision in the ordinance No. 167 of Meiji year 28 about standard 879eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# time", in which abolished the adoption of Western Standard Time in 880eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# western islands (listed above), which means the whole Japan 881eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# territory, including later occupations, adopt Japan Central Time 882f2fcff28SPhilip Paeps# (UT+9). The adoption began on Oct 1, 1937. The original text can 883eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# be found on Wikisource: 8848d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/明治二十八年勅令第百六十七號標準時ニ關スル件中改正ノ件 885eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 886f2fcff28SPhilip Paeps# That is, the time zone of Taipei switched to UT+9 on Oct 1, 1937. 887eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov 888eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2014-07-02): 889f2fcff28SPhilip Paeps# I've found more evidence about when the time zone was switched from UT+9 890f2fcff28SPhilip Paeps# back to UT+8 after WW2. I believe it was on Sep 21, 1945. In a document 891eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# during Japanese era [1] in which the officer told the staff to change time 892f2fcff28SPhilip Paeps# zone back to Western Standard Time (UT+8) on Sep 21. And in another 893eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# history page of National Cheng Kung University [2], on Sep 21 there is a 894eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# note "from today, switch back to Western Standard Time". From these two 895eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# materials, I believe that the time zone change happened on Sep 21. And 896eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# today I have found another monthly journal called "The Astronomical Herald" 897eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# from The Astronomical Society of Japan [3] in which it mentioned the fact 898eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# that: 899eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 900eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 1. Standard Time of the Country (Japan) was adopted on Jan 1, 1888, using 901eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# the time at 135E (GMT+9) 902eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 903eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 2. Standard Time of the Country was renamed to Central Standard Time, on Jan 904eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 1, 1898, and on the same day, the new territories Taiwan and Penghu islands, 905eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# as well as Yaeyama and Miyako islands, adopted a new time zone called 906eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Western Standard Time, which is in GMT+8. 907eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 908eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 3. Western Standard Time was deprecated on Sep 30, 1937. From then all the 909eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# territories of Japan adopted the same time zone, which is Central Standard 910eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Time. 911eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 912eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# [1] Academica Historica, Taiwan: 913eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# http://163.29.208.22:8080/govsaleShowImage/connect_img.php?s=00101738900090036&e=00101738900090037 914eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# [2] Nat'l Cheng Kung University 70th Anniversary Special Site: 915eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# http://www.ncku.edu.tw/~ncku70/menu/001/01_01.htm 916eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# [3] Yukio Niimi, The Standard Time in Japan (1997), p.475: 917eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# http://www.asj.or.jp/geppou/archive_open/1997/pdf/19971001c.pdf 918eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov 919eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Yu-Cheng Chuang (2014-07-03): 920eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# I finally have found the real official gazette about changing back to 921eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Western Standard Time on Sep 21 in Taiwan. It's Taiwan Governor-General 922eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Bulletin No. 386 in Showa 20 years (1945), published on Sep 19, 1945. [1] ... 923eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# [It] abolishes Bulletin No. 207 in Showa 12 years (1937), which is a local 924eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# bulletin in Taiwan for that Ordinance No. 529. It also mentioned that 1am on 925eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Sep 21, 1945 will be 12am on Sep 21. I think this bulletin is much more 926eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# official than the one I mentioned in my first mail, because it's from the 927eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# top-level government in Taiwan. If you're going to quote any resource, this 928eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# would be a good one. 929eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# [1] Taiwan Governor-General Gazette, No. 1018, Sep 19, 1945: 930eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# http://db2.th.gov.tw/db2/view/viewImg.php?imgcode=0072031018a&num=19&bgn=019&end=019&otherImg=&type=gener 931eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov 932eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2014-07-02): 933eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# In 1946, DST in Taiwan was from May 15 and ended on Sep 30. The info from 934eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Central Weather Bureau website was not correct. 935eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 936eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Original Bulletin: 9377ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# http://subtpg.tpg.gov.tw/og/image2.asp?f=03502F0AKM1AF 9387ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# http://subtpg.tpg.gov.tw/og/image2.asp?f=0350300AKM1B0 (cont.) 939eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 940eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# In 1947, DST in Taiwan was expanded to Oct 31. There is a backup of that 941eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# telegram announcement from Taiwan Province Government: 942eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 9437ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# http://subtpg.tpg.gov.tw/og/image2.asp?f=0360310AKZ431 944eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 945eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Here is a brief translation: 946eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 947eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# The Summer Time this year is adopted from midnight Apr 15 until Sep 20 948eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# midnight. To save (energy?) consumption, we're expanding Summer Time 9497ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# adoption till Oct 31 midnight. 950eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 951eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# The Central Weather Bureau website didn't mention that, however it can 952eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# be found from historical government announcement database. 953eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov 954eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-03): 9558fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# As per Yu-Cheng Chuang, say that Taiwan was at UT +09 from 1937-10-01 956eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# until 1945-09-21 at 01:00, overriding Shanks & Pottenger. 957eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Likewise, use Yu-Cheng Chuang's data for DST in Taiwan. 958696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis 95912a899b6SPhilip Paeps# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 960eb1c1a05SSergey KandaurovRule Taiwan 1946 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D 961eb1c1a05SSergey KandaurovRule Taiwan 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 962eb1c1a05SSergey KandaurovRule Taiwan 1947 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D 963eb1c1a05SSergey KandaurovRule Taiwan 1947 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 964eb1c1a05SSergey KandaurovRule Taiwan 1948 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 965eb1c1a05SSergey KandaurovRule Taiwan 1948 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 9661315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D 9671315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 9681315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 9691315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 9701315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 9711315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 9721315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 973eb1c1a05SSergey KandaurovRule Taiwan 1979 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 D 974eb1c1a05SSergey KandaurovRule Taiwan 1979 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 975696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis 9762865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 977eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Taipei or Taibei or T'ai-pei 978eb1c1a05SSergey KandaurovZone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 Jan 1 979dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 8:00 - CST 1937 Oct 1 9807ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 21 1:00 9811315084cSEdwin Groothuis 8:00 Taiwan C%sT 9821315084cSEdwin Groothuis 9831315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Macau (Macao, Aomen) 98489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 98589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# From P Chan (2018-05-10): 98689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# * LegisMac 98789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# http://legismac.safp.gov.mo/legismac/descqry/Descqry.jsf?lang=pt 98889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# A database for searching titles of legal documents of Macau in 98989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# Chinese and Portuguese. The term "HORÁRIO DE VERÃO" can be used for 99089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# searching decrees about summer time. 99189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# * Archives of Macao 99289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# http://www.archives.gov.mo/en/bo/ 99389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# It contains images of old official gazettes. 99489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# * The Macao Meteorological and Geophysical Bureau have a page listing the 99589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# summer time history. But it is not complete and has some mistakes. 99689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# http://www.smg.gov.mo/smg/geophysics/e_t_Summer%20Time.htm 99789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# Macau adopted GMT+8 on 30 Oct 1904 to follow Hong Kong. Clocks were 99889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# advanced by 25 minutes and 50 seconds. Which means the LMT used was 99989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# +7:34:10. As stated in the "Portaria No. 204" dated 21 October 1904 100089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# and published in the Official Gazette on 29 October 1904. 100189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# http://igallery.icm.gov.mo/Images/Archives/BO/MO_AH_PUB_BO_1904_10/MO_AH_PUB_BO_1904_10_00025_Grey.JPG 100289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 100389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# Therefore the 1911 decree of Portugal did not change time in Macau. 100489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 100589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# From LegisMac, here is a list of decrees that changed the time ... 100689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# [Decree Gazette-no. date; titles omitted in this quotation] 100789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# DIL 732 BOCM 51 1941.12.20 100889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# DIL 764 BOCM 9S 1942.04.30 100989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# DIL 781 BOCM 21 1942.10.10 101089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 3434 BOCM 8S 1943.04.17 101189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 3504 BOCM 20 1943.09.25 101289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 3843 BOCM 39 1945.09.29 101389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 3961 BOCM 17 1946.04.27 101489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 4026 BOCM 39 1946.09.28 101589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 4153 BOCM 16 1947.04.10 101689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 4271 BOCM 48 1947.11.29 101789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 4374 BOCM 18 1948.05.01 101889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 4465 BOCM 44 1948.10.30 101989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 4590 BOCM 14 1949.04.02 102089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 4666 BOCM 44 1949.10.29 102189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 4771 BOCM 12 1950.03.25 102289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 4838 BOCM 43 1950.10.28 102389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 4946 BOCM 12 1951.03.24 102489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 5025 BO 43 1951.10.27 102589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 5149 BO 14 1952.04.05 102689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 5251 BO 43 1952.10.25 102789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 5366 BO 13 1953.03.28 102889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 5444 BO 44 1953.10.31 102989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 5540 BO 12 1954.03.20 103089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 5589 BO 44 1954.10.30 103189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 5676 BO 12 1955.03.19 103289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 5739 BO 45 1955.11.05 103389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 5823 BO 11 1956.03.17 103489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 5891 BO 44 1956.11.03 103589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 5981 BO 12 1957.03.23 103689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 6064 BO 43 1957.10.26 103789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 6172 BO 12 1958.03.22 103889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 6243 BO 43 1958.10.25 103989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 6341 BO 12 1959.03.21 104089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 6411 BO 43 1959.10.24 104189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 6514 BO 11 1960.03.12 104289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 6584 BO 44 1960.10.29 104389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 6721 BO 10 1961.03.11 104489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 6815 BO 43 1961.10.28 104589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 6947 BO 10 1962.03.10 104689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 7080 BO 43 1962.10.27 104789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 7218 BO 12 1963.03.23 104889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 7340 BO 43 1963.10.26 104989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 7491 BO 11 1964.03.14 105089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 7664 BO 43 1964.10.24 105189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 7846 BO 15 1965.04.10 105289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 7979 BO 42 1965.10.16 105389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 8146 BO 15 1966.04.09 105489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 8252 BO 41 1966.10.08 105589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 8429 BO 15 1967.04.15 105689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 8540 BO 41 1967.10.14 105789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 8735 BO 15 1968.04.13 105889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 8860 BO 41 1968.10.12 105989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 9035 BO 16 1969.04.19 106089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 9156 BO 42 1969.10.18 106189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 9328 BO 15 1970.04.11 106289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 9418 BO 41 1970.10.10 106389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 9587 BO 14 1971.04.03 106489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 9702 BO 41 1971.10.09 106589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 38-A/72 BO 14 1972.04.01 106689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 126-A/72 BO 41 1972.10.07 106789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 61/73 BO 14 1973.04.07 106889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 182/73 BO 40 1973.10.06 106989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 282/73 BO 51 1973.12.22 107089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 177/74 BO 41 1974.10.12 107189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 51/75 BO 15 1975.04.12 107289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 173/75 BO 41 1975.10.11 107389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 67/76/M BO 14 1976.04.03 107489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 169/76/M BO 41 1976.10.09 107589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 78/79/M BO 19 1979.05.12 107689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 166/79/M BO 42 1979.10.20 107789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# Note that DIL 732 does not belong to "HORÁRIO DE VERÃO" according to 107889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# LegisMac.... Note that between 1942 and 1945, the time switched 107989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# between GMT+9 and GMT+10. Also in 1965 and 1965 the DST ended at 2:30am. 108089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps 108189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2018-05-10): 108289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# The 1904 decree says that Macau changed from the meridian of 108389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# Fortaleza do Monte, presumably the basis for the 7:34:10 for LMT. 108489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps 108512a899b6SPhilip Paeps# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 108689abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1942 1943 - Apr 30 23:00 1:00 - 108789abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1942 only - Nov 17 23:00 0 - 108889abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1943 only - Sep 30 23:00 0 S 108989abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1946 only - Apr 30 23:00s 1:00 D 109089abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1946 only - Sep 30 23:00s 0 S 109189abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1947 only - Apr 19 23:00s 1:00 D 109289abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1947 only - Nov 30 23:00s 0 S 109389abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1948 only - May 2 23:00s 1:00 D 109489abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1948 only - Oct 31 23:00s 0 S 109589abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1949 1950 - Apr Sat>=1 23:00s 1:00 D 109689abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1949 1950 - Oct lastSat 23:00s 0 S 109789abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1951 only - Mar 31 23:00s 1:00 D 109889abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1951 only - Oct 28 23:00s 0 S 109989abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1952 1953 - Apr Sat>=1 23:00s 1:00 D 110089abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1952 only - Nov 1 23:00s 0 S 110189abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1953 1954 - Oct lastSat 23:00s 0 S 110289abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1954 1956 - Mar Sat>=17 23:00s 1:00 D 110389abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1955 only - Nov 5 23:00s 0 S 110489abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1956 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 03:30 0 S 110589abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1957 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 03:30 1:00 D 110689abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1965 1973 - Apr Sun>=16 03:30 1:00 D 110789abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1965 1966 - Oct Sun>=16 02:30 0 S 110889abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1967 1976 - Oct Sun>=16 03:30 0 S 110989abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1973 only - Dec 30 03:30 1:00 D 111089abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1975 1976 - Apr Sun>=16 03:30 1:00 D 111189abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1979 only - May 13 03:30 1:00 D 111289abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1979 only - Oct Sun>=16 03:30 0 S 111389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps 11142865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 111589abb9f8SPhilip PaepsZone Asia/Macau 7:34:10 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 111689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps 8:00 - CST 1941 Dec 21 23:00 111789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps 9:00 Macau +09/+10 1945 Sep 30 24:00 1118dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 8:00 Macau C%sT 11191315084cSEdwin Groothuis 11201315084cSEdwin Groothuis 11211315084cSEdwin Groothuis############################################################################### 11221315084cSEdwin Groothuis 11231315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Cyprus 1124ba2b2efdSGlen Barber 1125eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis# Milne says the Eastern Telegraph Company used 2:14:00. Stick with LMT. 1126ba2b2efdSGlen Barber# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time. 1127ba2b2efdSGlen Barber 1128ba2b2efdSGlen Barber# From Paul Eggert (2016-09-09): 1129ba2b2efdSGlen Barber# Yesterday's Cyprus Mail reports that Northern Cyprus followed Turkey's 1130ba2b2efdSGlen Barber# lead and switched from +02/+03 to +03 year-round. 1131ba2b2efdSGlen Barber# http://cyprus-mail.com/2016/09/08/two-time-zones-cyprus-turkey-will-not-turn-clocks-back-next-month/ 1132eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis# 1133ba2b2efdSGlen Barber# From Even Scharning (2016-10-31): 1134ba2b2efdSGlen Barber# Looks like the time zone split in Cyprus went through last night. 1135ba2b2efdSGlen Barber# http://cyprus-mail.com/2016/10/30/cyprus-new-division-two-time-zones-now-reality/ 1136ba2b2efdSGlen Barber 11378d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2017-10-18): 11388d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# Northern Cyprus will reinstate winter time on October 29, thus 11398d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# staying in sync with the rest of Cyprus. See: Anastasiou A. 11408d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# Cyprus to remain united in time. Cyprus Mail 2017-10-17. 11418d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://cyprus-mail.com/2017/10/17/cyprus-remain-united-time/ 11428d7edd17SPhilip Paeps 114312a899b6SPhilip Paeps# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 11441315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S 11451315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 - 11461315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S 11471315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 - 11481315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 11491315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 11501315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - 11511315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 11521315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 11532865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 11541315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14 11551315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep 11561315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 1157ba2b2efdSGlen BarberZone Asia/Famagusta 2:15:48 - LMT 1921 Nov 14 1158ba2b2efdSGlen Barber 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep 1159ba2b2efdSGlen Barber 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 2016 Sep 8 11608d7edd17SPhilip Paeps 3:00 - +03 2017 Oct 29 1:00u 11618d7edd17SPhilip Paeps 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 116293d120dbSPhilip Paeps 11631315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Georgia 11641315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (1994-11-19): 11651315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward 11661315084cSEdwin Groothuis# an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze, 11671315084cSEdwin Groothuis# an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it! 11681315084cSEdwin Groothuis# We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall. 11691315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 11701315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Mathew Englander, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04): 11711315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia 11721315084cSEdwin Groothuis# will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy, 11731315084cSEdwin Groothuis# President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday. 11741315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 11751315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From the BBC via Joseph S. Myers (2004-06-27): 11761315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 11771315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Georgia moved closer to Western Europe on Sunday... The former Soviet 11781315084cSEdwin Groothuis# republic has changed its time zone back to that of Moscow. As a result it 11791315084cSEdwin Groothuis# is now just four hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time, rather than five hours 11801315084cSEdwin Groothuis# ahead. The switch was decreed by the pro-Western president of Georgia, 1181eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Mikheil Saakashvili, who said the change was partly prompted by the process 11821315084cSEdwin Groothuis# of integration into Europe. 11831315084cSEdwin Groothuis 11841315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Teimuraz Abashidze (2005-11-07): 11851315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Government of Georgia ... decided to NOT CHANGE daylight savings time on 11861315084cSEdwin Groothuis# [Oct.] 30, as it was done before during last more than 10 years. 11871315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Currently, we are in fact GMT +4:00, as before 30 October it was GMT 11881315084cSEdwin Groothuis# +3:00.... The problem is, there is NO FORMAL LAW or governmental document 11891315084cSEdwin Groothuis# about it. As far as I can find, I was told, that there is no document, 11901315084cSEdwin Groothuis# because we just DIDN'T ISSUE document about switching to winter time.... 11911315084cSEdwin Groothuis# I don't know what can be done, especially knowing that some years ago our 11921315084cSEdwin Groothuis# DST rules where changed THREE TIMES during one month. 11931315084cSEdwin Groothuis 11947ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# Milne 1899 says Tbilisi (Tiflis) time was 2:59:05.7. 11957ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# Byalokoz 1919 says Georgia was 2:59:11. 11967ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# Go with Byalokoz. 11971315084cSEdwin Groothuis 11982865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 11997ce0f064SEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:11 - LMT 1880 12007ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis 2:59:11 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time 12018fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 3:00 - +03 1957 Mar 12028fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 12038fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 3:00 RussiaAsia +03/+04 1992 12048fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 3:00 E-EurAsia +03/+04 1994 Sep lastSun 12058fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 E-EurAsia +04/+05 1996 Oct lastSun 12068fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 1:00 +05 1997 Mar lastSun 12078fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 E-EurAsia +04/+05 2004 Jun 27 12088fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 3:00 RussiaAsia +03/+04 2005 Mar lastSun 2:00 12098fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 - +04 12101315084cSEdwin Groothuis 12111315084cSEdwin Groothuis# East Timor 12121315084cSEdwin Groothuis 12131315084cSEdwin Groothuis# See Indonesia for the 1945 transition. 12141315084cSEdwin Groothuis 1215eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From João Carrascalão, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in 12161315084cSEdwin Groothuis# East Timor may be late for its millennium 12178d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# <https://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm> (1999-12-26/31): 12181315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun 12191315084cSEdwin Groothuis# rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the 12201315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it 12211315084cSEdwin Groothuis# conflicts with their way of life. 12221315084cSEdwin Groothuis 12231315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04): 12241315084cSEdwin Groothuis# We don't have any record of the above attempt. 12251315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data. 12261315084cSEdwin Groothuis 12271315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General 1228eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/2000/00-08-16.undh.html 1229eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# (2000-08-16): 12301315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided 12311315084cSEdwin Groothuis# today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change, 12321315084cSEdwin Groothuis# which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at 12331315084cSEdwin Groothuis# midnight on Saturday, September 16. 12341315084cSEdwin Groothuis 12352865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 12367ce0f064SEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 1237dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 8:00 - +08 1942 Feb 21 23:00 1238dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 9:00 - +09 1976 May 3 1239dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 8:00 - +08 2000 Sep 17 0:00 1240dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 9:00 - +09 12411315084cSEdwin Groothuis 12421315084cSEdwin Groothuis# India 12438fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 12442c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# British astronomer Henry Park Hollis disliked India Standard Time's offset: 12452c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# "A new time system has been proposed for India, Further India, and Burmah. 12462c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# The scheme suggested is that the times of the meridians 5½ and 6½ hours 12472c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# east of Greenwich should be adopted in these territories. No reason is 12482c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# given why hourly meridians five hours and six hours east should not be 12492c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# chosen; a plan which would bring the time of India into harmony with 12502c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# that of almost the whole of the civilised world." 12512c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# Hollis HP. Universal Time, Longitudes, and Geodesy. Mon Not R Astron Soc. 12522c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 1905-02-10;65(4):405-6. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/65.4.382 12532c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 12548fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# From Ian P. Beacock, in "A brief history of (modern) time", The Atlantic 12558d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/12/the-creation-of-modern-time/421419/ 12568fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# (2015-12-22): 12578fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# In January 1906, several thousand cotton-mill workers rioted on the 12588fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# outskirts of Bombay.... They were protesting the proposed abolition of 12598fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# local time in favor of Indian Standard Time.... Journalists called this 12608fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# dispute the "Battle of the Clocks." It lasted nearly half a century. 12618fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 12628d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2017-04-20): 12638d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# Good luck trying to nail down old timekeeping records in India. 12648d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# "... in the nineteenth century ... Madras Observatory took its magnetic 12658d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# measurements on Göttingen time, its meteorological measurements on Madras 12668d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# (local) time, dropped its time ball on Greenwich (ocean navigator's) time, 12678d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# and distributed civil (local time)." -- Bartky IR. Selling the true time: 12688d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# 19th-century timekeeping in america. Stanford U Press (2000), 247 note 19. 12698d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# "A more potent cause of resistance to the general adoption of the present 12708d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# standard time lies in the fact that it is Madras time. The citizen of 12718d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# Bombay, proud of being 'primus in Indis' and of Calcutta, equally proud of 12728d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# his city being the Capital of India, and - for a part of the year - the Seat 12738d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# of the Supreme Government, alike look down on Madras, and refuse to change 12748d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# the time they are using, for that of what they regard as a benighted 12758d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# Presidency; while Madras, having for long given the standard time to the 12768d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# rest of India, would resist the adoption of any other Indian standard in its 12778d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# place." -- Oldham RD. On Time in India: a suggestion for its improvement. 12788d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal (April 1899), 49-55. 12798d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# 12808d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# "In 1870 ... Madras time - 'now used by the telegraph and regulated from the 12818d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# only government observatory' - was suggested as a standard railway time, 12828d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# first to be adopted on the Great Indian Peninsular Railway (GIPR).... 12838d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# Calcutta, Bombay, and Karachi, were to be allowed to continue with their 12848d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# local time for civil purposes." - Prasad R. Tracks of Change: Railways and 12858d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# Everyday Life in Colonial India. Cambridge University Press (2016), 145. 12868d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# 12878d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# Reed S, Low F. The Indian Year Book 1936-37. Bennett, Coleman, pp 27-8. 12888d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.282212 12898d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# This lists +052110 as Madras local time used in railways, and says that on 12908d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# 1906-01-01 railways and telegraphs in India switched to +0530. Some 12918d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# municipalities retained their former time, and the time in Calcutta 12928d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# continued to depend on whether you were at the railway station or at 12938d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# government offices. Government time was at +055320 (according to Shanks) or 12948d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# at +0554 (according to the Indian Year Book). Railway time is more 12958d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# appropriate for our purposes, as it was better documented, it is what we do 12968d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# elsewhere (e.g., Europe/London before 1880), and after 1906 it was 12978d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# consistent in the region now identified by Asia/Kolkata. So, use railway 12988d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# time for 1870-1941. Shanks is our only (and dubious) source for the 12998d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# 1941-1945 data. 13008d7edd17SPhilip Paeps 13012865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 13028d7edd17SPhilip PaepsZone Asia/Kolkata 5:53:28 - LMT 1854 Jun 28 # Kolkata 13038d7edd17SPhilip Paeps 5:53:20 - HMT 1870 # Howrah Mean Time? 13048d7edd17SPhilip Paeps 5:21:10 - MMT 1906 Jan 1 # Madras local time 13058d7edd17SPhilip Paeps 5:30 - IST 1941 Oct 13068d7edd17SPhilip Paeps 5:30 1:00 +0630 1942 May 15 13071315084cSEdwin Groothuis 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 1308dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 5:30 1:00 +0630 1945 Oct 15 13091315084cSEdwin Groothuis 5:30 - IST 13108d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# Since 1970 the following are like Asia/Kolkata: 13111315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Andaman Is 13121315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is) 13131315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Nicobar Is 13141315084cSEdwin Groothuis 13151315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Indonesia 13161315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 13177ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2014-09-06): 13187ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# The 1876 Report of the Secretary of the [US] Navy, p 306 says that Batavia 13199f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# civil time was 7:07:12.5. 13207ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# 13211315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks & Pottenger: 13227ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime 13231315084cSEdwin Groothuis# says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01. Looking at some 13241315084cSEdwin Groothuis# time zone maps, I think that must refer to Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat 13251315084cSEdwin Groothuis# and Kalimantan Tengah) switching from UTC+8 to UTC+7. 13261315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 13271315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-10): 13281315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Here is another correction to Shanks & Pottenger. 13291315084cSEdwin Groothuis# JohnTWB writes that Japanese forces did not surrender control in 13301315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Indonesia until 1945-09-01 00:00 at the earliest (in Jakarta) and 13311315084cSEdwin Groothuis# other formal surrender ceremonies were September 9, 11, and 13, plus 13321315084cSEdwin Groothuis# September 12 for the regional surrender to Mountbatten in Singapore. 13331315084cSEdwin Groothuis# These would be the earliest possible times for a change. 1334eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Régimes horaires pour le monde entier, by Henri Le Corre, (Éditions 13351315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Traditionnelles, 1987, Paris) says that Java and Madura switched 13368fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# from UT +09 to +07:30 on 1945-09-23, and gives 1944-09-01 for Jayapura 13371315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (Hollandia). For now, assume all Indonesian locations other than Jayapura 13381315084cSEdwin Groothuis# switched on 1945-09-23. 13391315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1340c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2013-08-11): 1341c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# Normally the tz database uses English-language abbreviations, but in 1342c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# Indonesia it's typical to use Indonesian-language abbreviations even 1343c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# when writing in English. For example, see the English-language 1344c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# summary published by the Time and Frequency Laboratory of the 1345c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# Research Center for Calibration, Instrumentation and Metrology, 1346c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# Indonesia, <http://time.kim.lipi.go.id/time-eng.php> (2006-09-29). 13478fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# The time zone abbreviations and UT offsets are: 1348c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# 13498fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# WIB - +07 - Waktu Indonesia Barat (Indonesia western time) 13508fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# WITA - +08 - Waktu Indonesia Tengah (Indonesia central time) 13518fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# WIT - +09 - Waktu Indonesia Timur (Indonesia eastern time) 1352c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# 13532865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1354c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# Java, Sumatra 13559f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps #STDOFF 7:07:12.5 13561315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10 13571315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Shanks & Pottenger say the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13, 13581315084cSEdwin Groothuis# but this must be a typo. 13599f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps 7:07:12 - BMT 1923 Dec 31 16:40u # Batavia 1360dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:20 - +0720 1932 Nov 1361dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:30 - +0730 1942 Mar 23 1362dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 23 1363dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:30 - +0730 1948 May 1364dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 8:00 - +08 1950 May 1365dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:30 - +0730 1964 1366c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis 7:00 - WIB 1367c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# west and central Borneo 13681315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Pontianak 7:17:20 - LMT 1908 May 13691315084cSEdwin Groothuis 7:17:20 - PMT 1932 Nov # Pontianak MT 1370dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:30 - +0730 1942 Jan 29 1371dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 23 1372dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:30 - +0730 1948 May 1373dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 8:00 - +08 1950 May 1374dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:30 - +0730 1964 1375c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis 8:00 - WITA 1988 Jan 1 1376c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis 7:00 - WIB 1377c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# Sulawesi, Lesser Sundas, east and south Borneo 13781315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Makassar 7:57:36 - LMT 1920 13791315084cSEdwin Groothuis 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT 1380dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 8:00 - +08 1942 Feb 9 1381dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 23 1382c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis 8:00 - WITA 1383c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# Maluku Islands, West Papua, Papua 13841315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov 1385dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 9:00 - +09 1944 Sep 1 1386dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 9:30 - +0930 1964 1387c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis 9:00 - WIT 13881315084cSEdwin Groothuis 13891315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Iran 13901315084cSEdwin Groothuis 13919f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# From Roozbeh Pournader (2022-05-30): 13929f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# Here's an order from the Cabinet to the rest of the government to switch to 13939f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# Tehran time, which is mentioned to be already at +03:30: 13949f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# https://qavanin.ir/Law/TreeText/180138 13959f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# Just in case that goes away, I also saved a copy at archive.org: 13969f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# https://web.archive.org/web/20220530111940/https://qavanin.ir/Law/TreeText/180138 13979f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# Here's my translation: 13989f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# 13999f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# "Circular on Matching the Hours of Governmental and Official Circles 14009f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# in Provinces 14019f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# Approved 1314/03/22 [=1935-06-13] 14029f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# According to the ruling of the Honorable Cabinet, it is ordered that from 14039f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# now on in all internal provinces of the country, governmental and official 14049f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# circles set their time to match Tehran time (three hours and half before 14059f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# Greenwich).... 14069f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# 14079f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# I still haven't found out when Tehran itself switched to +03:30.... 14089f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# 14099f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2022-06-05): 14109f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# Although the above says Tehran was at +03:30 before 1935-06-13, we don't 14119f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# know when it switched to +03:30. For now, use 1935-06-13 as the switch date. 14129f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# Although most likely wrong, we have no better info. 14139f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps 14149f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# From Roozbeh Pournader (2022-06-01): 14159f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# This is from Kayhan newspaper, one of the major Iranian newspapers, from 14169f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# March 20, 1978, page 2: 14179f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# 14189f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# "Pull the clocks 60 minutes forward 14199f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# As we informed before, from the fourth day of the month Farvardin of the 14209f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# new year [=1978-03-24], clocks will be pulled forward, and people's daily 14219f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# work and life program will start one hour earlier than the current program. 14229f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# On the 1st day of the month Farvardin of this year [=1977-03-21], they had 14239f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# pulled the clocks forward by one hour, but in the month of Mehr 14249f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# [=1977-09-23], the clocks were pulled back by 30 minutes. 14259f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# In this way, from the 4th day of the month Farvardin, clocks will be ahead 14269f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# of the previous years by one hour and a half. 14279f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# According to the new program, during the night of 4th of Farvardin, when 14289f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# the midnight, meaning 24 o'clock is announced, the hands of the clock must 14299f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# be pulled forward by one hour and thus consider midnight 1 o'clock in the 14309f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# forenoon." 14319f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# 14329f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# This implies that in September 1977, when the daylight savings time was 14339f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# done with, Iran didn't go back to +03:30, but immediately to +04:00. 14349f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# 14359f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# 14369f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# This is from the major Iranian newspaper Ettela'at, dated [1978-08-03]..., 14379f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# page 32. It looks like they decided to get the clocks back to +4:00 14389f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# just in time for Ramadan that year: 14399f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# 14409f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# "Tomorrow Night, Pull the Clocks Back by One Hour 14419f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# At 1 o'clock in the forenoon of Saturday 14 Mordad [=1978-08-05], the 14429f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# clocks will be pulled one hour back and instead of 1 o'clock in the 14439f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# forenoon, Radio Iran will announce 24 o'clock. 14449f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# This decision was made in the Cabinet of Ministers meeting of 25 Tir 14459f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# [=1978-07-16], [...] 14469f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# At the beginning of the year 2537 [=March 1978: Iran was using a different 14479f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# year number for a few years then, based on the Coronation of Cyrus the 14489f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# Great], the country's official time was pulled forward by one hour and now 14499f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# the official time is one hour and a half ahead compared to last year, 14509f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# because in Farvardin of last year [=March 1977], the official time was 14519f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# pulled forward one hour and this continued until the second half of last 14529f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# year [=September 1977] until in the second half of last year the official 14539f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# time was pulled back half an hour and that half hour still remains." 14549f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# 14559f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# This matches the time of the true noon published in the newspapers, as they 14569f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# clearly go from +05:00 to +04:00 after that date (which happened during a 14579f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# long weekend in Iran). 14589f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps 14599f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# From Roozbeh Pournader (2022-05-31): 14609f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# [Movahedi S. Cultural preconceptions of time: Can we use operational time 14619f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# to meddle in God's Time? Comp Stud Soc Hist. 1985;27(3):385-400] 14629f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# https://www.jstor.org/stable/178704 14639f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# Here's the quotes from the paper: 14649f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# 1. '"Iran's official time keeper moved the clock one hour forward as from 14659f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# March 22, 1977 (Farvardin 2, 2536) to make maximum use of daylight and save 14669f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# in energy consumption. Thus Iran joined such other countries as Britain in 14679f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# observing what is known as 'daylight saving.' The proposal was originally 14689f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# put forward by the Ministry of Energy, in no way having any influence on 14699f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# observing religious ceremonies. Moving time one hour forward in summer 14709f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# means that at 11:00 o'clock on March 21, the official time was set as 14719f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# midnight March 22. Then September 24 will actually begin one hour later 14729f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# than the end of September 23 [...]." Iran's time base thus continued to be 14739f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# Greenwich Mean Time plus three and one-half hours (plus four and one-half 14749f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# hours in summer).' 14759f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# 14769f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# The article sources this from Iran Almanac and Book of Facts, 1977, Tehran: 14779f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# Echo of Iran, which is on Google Books at 14789f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# https://www.google.com/books/edition/Iran_Almanac_and_Book_of_Facts/9ybVAAAAMAAJ. 14799f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# (I confirmed it by searching for snippets.) 14809f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# 14819f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# 2. "After the fall of the shah, the revolutionary government returned to 14829f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# daylight-saving time (DST) on 26 May 1979." 14839f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# 14849f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# This seems to have been announced just one day in advance, on 25 May 1979. 14859f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# 14869f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# The change in 1977 clearly seems to be the first daylight savings effort in 14879f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# Iran. But the article doesn't mention what happened in 1978 (which was 14889f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# still during the shah's government), or how things continued in 1979 14899f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# onwards (which was during the Islamic Republic). 14909f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps 14919f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# From Francis Santoni (2022-06-01): 14925f33eb72SPhilip Paeps# for Iran and 1977 the effective change is only 20 October 14935f33eb72SPhilip Paeps# (UIT No. 143 17.XI.1977) and not 23 September (UIT No. 141 13.IX.1977). 14949f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# UIT is the Operational Bulletin of International Telecommunication Union. 14959f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps 14961315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Roozbeh Pournader (2003-03-15): 14971315084cSEdwin Groothuis# This is an English translation of what I just found (originally in Persian). 14981315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The Gregorian dates in brackets are mine: 14991315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 15001315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Official Newspaper No. 13548-1370/6/25 [1991-09-16] 15011315084cSEdwin Groothuis# No. 16760/T233 H 1370/6/10 [1991-09-01] 15021315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 15031315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The Rule About Change of the Official Time of the Country 15041315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 15051315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The Board of Ministers, in the meeting dated 1370/5/23 [1991-08-14], 15061315084cSEdwin Groothuis# based on the suggestion number 2221/D dated 1370/4/22 [1991-07-13] 15071315084cSEdwin Groothuis# of the Country's Organization for Official and Employment Affairs, 15081315084cSEdwin Groothuis# and referring to the law for equating the working hours of workers 15091315084cSEdwin Groothuis# and officers in the whole country dated 1359/4/23 [1980-07-14], and 15101315084cSEdwin Groothuis# for synchronizing the official times of the country, agreed that: 15111315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 15121315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The official time of the country will should move forward one hour 15131315084cSEdwin Groothuis# at the 24[:00] hours of the first day of Farvardin and should return 15141315084cSEdwin Groothuis# to its previous state at the 24[:00] hours of the 30th day of 15151315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Shahrivar. 15161315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 15171315084cSEdwin Groothuis# First Deputy to the President - Hassan Habibi 15181315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 15191315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From personal experience, that agrees with what has been followed 15201315084cSEdwin Groothuis# for at least the last 5 years. Before that, for a few years, the 15211315084cSEdwin Groothuis# date used was the first Thursday night of Farvardin and the last 15221315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Thursday night of Shahrivar, but I can't give exact dates.... 15231315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 15241315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Roozbeh Pournader (2005-04-05): 15251315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The text of the Iranian law, in effect since 1925, clearly mentions 15261315084cSEdwin Groothuis# that the true solar year is the measure, and there is no arithmetic 15271315084cSEdwin Groothuis# leap year calculation involved. There has never been any serious 15281315084cSEdwin Groothuis# plan to change that law.... 15291315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 15309f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2022-06-30): 15319f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# Go with Pournader for 1935 through spring 1979, and for timestamps 15329f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# after August 1991; go with with Shanks & Pottenger for other timestamps. 15339f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# Go with Santoni's citation of the UIT for fall 1977, as 20 October 1977 15349f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# is 28 Mehr 1356, consistent with the "Mehr" in Pournader's source. 15359f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# Assume that the UIT's "1930" is UTC, i.e., 24:00 local time. 15361315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 15371315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-03-30), writing about future 15381315084cSEdwin Groothuis# discrepancies between cal-persia and the Iranian calendar: 15391315084cSEdwin Groothuis# For 2091 solar-longitude-after yields 2091-03-20 08:40:07.7 UT for 15401315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the vernal equinox and that gets so close to 12:00 some local 15411315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Iranian time that the definition of the correct location needs to be 15421315084cSEdwin Groothuis# known exactly, amongst other factors. 2157 is even closer: 15431315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2157-03-20 08:37:15.5 UT. But the Gregorian year 2025 should give 15441315084cSEdwin Groothuis# no interpretation problem whatsoever. By the way, another instant 15451315084cSEdwin Groothuis# in the near future where there will be a discrepancy between 15461315084cSEdwin Groothuis# arithmetical and astronomical Iranian calendars will be in 2058: 15471315084cSEdwin Groothuis# vernal equinox on 2058-03-20 09:03:05.9 UT. The Java version of 15481315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Reingold's/Dershowitz' calculator gives correctly the Gregorian date 15491315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2058-03-21 for 1 Farvardin 1437 (astronomical). 15501315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 15511315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-03-22): 15521315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Several of my users have reported that Iran will not observe DST anymore: 15531315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.irna.ir/en/news/view/line-17/0603193812164948.htm 15541315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1555eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From Reuters (2007-09-16), with a heads-up from Jesper Nørgaard Welen: 15561315084cSEdwin Groothuis# ... the Guardian Council ... approved a law on Sunday to re-introduce 15571315084cSEdwin Groothuis# daylight saving time ... 15588d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://uk.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idUKBLA65048420070916 15591315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 15601315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Roozbeh Pournader (2007-11-05): 15611315084cSEdwin Groothuis# This is quoted from Official Gazette of the Islamic Republic of 15626790a258SEdwin Groothuis# Iran, Volume 63, No. 18242, dated Tuesday 1386/6/24 15631315084cSEdwin Groothuis# [2007-10-16]. I am doing the best translation I can:... 15641315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The official time of the country will be moved forward for one hour 15651315084cSEdwin Groothuis# on the 24 hours of the first day of the month of Farvardin and will 15661315084cSEdwin Groothuis# be changed back to its previous state on the 24 hours of the 15671315084cSEdwin Groothuis# thirtieth day of Shahrivar. 15681315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 15699f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# From Ali Mirjamali (2022-05-10): 15709f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# Official IR News Agency announcement: irna.ir/xjJ3TT 15719f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# ... 15729f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# Highlights: DST will be cancelled for the next Iranian year 1402 15739f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# (i.e 2023-March-21) and forthcoming years. 15749f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# 157512a899b6SPhilip Paeps# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 15769f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# Work around a bug in zic 2022a and earlier. 15779f9fc6bbSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 1910 only - Jan 1 00:00 0 - 15789f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# 15799f9fc6bbSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 1977 only - Mar 21 23:00 1:00 - 15809f9fc6bbSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 1977 only - Oct 20 24:00 0 - 15819f9fc6bbSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 1978 only - Mar 24 24:00 1:00 - 15829f9fc6bbSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 1978 only - Aug 5 01:00 0 - 15839f9fc6bbSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 1979 only - May 26 24:00 1:00 - 15842c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 1979 only - Sep 18 24:00 0 - 15859f9fc6bbSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 1980 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 15862c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 1980 only - Sep 22 24:00 0 - 15872c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 1991 only - May 2 24:00 1:00 - 15882c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 15892c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 1991 1995 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 15902c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 1996 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 15912c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 1996 only - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 15922c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 15932c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 15942c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2000 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 15952c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2000 only - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 15962c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 15972c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 15982c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2004 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 15992c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2004 only - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 16002c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2005 only - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 16012c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2005 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 16022c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2008 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 16032c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2008 only - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 16042c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 16052c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 16062c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2012 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 16072c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2012 only - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 16082c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 16092c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 16102c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2016 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 16112c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2016 only - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 16122c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 16132c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 16142c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2020 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 16152c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2020 only - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 16169f9fc6bbSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2021 2022 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 16179f9fc6bbSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2021 2022 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 16188fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 16192865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 16201315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916 16219f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps 3:25:44 - TMT 1935 Jun 13 # Tehran Mean Time 16229f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps 3:30 Iran +0330/+0430 1977 Oct 20 24:00 1623dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 Iran +04/+05 1979 1624dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 3:30 Iran +0330/+0430 16251315084cSEdwin Groothuis 16261315084cSEdwin Groothuis 16271315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Iraq 16281315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 16291315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Jonathan Lennox (2000-06-12): 16301315084cSEdwin Groothuis# An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in 16311315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph: 16321315084cSEdwin Groothuis# "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and 16331315084cSEdwin Groothuis# are an hour ahead of Baghdad." 16341315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 16351315084cSEdwin Groothuis# But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows: 16361315084cSEdwin Groothuis# In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi 16371315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred 16381315084cSEdwin Groothuis# to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone 16391315084cSEdwin Groothuis# in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq. 16401315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 16411315084cSEdwin Groothuis# So we'll ignore the Economist's claim. 16421315084cSEdwin Groothuis 16431315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-10): 16441315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The cabinet in Iraq abolished DST last week, according to the following 16451315084cSEdwin Groothuis# news sources (in Arabic): 16461315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html 16471315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10 16481315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 16491315084cSEdwin Groothuis# We have published a short article in English about the change: 16508d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html 16511315084cSEdwin Groothuis 165212a899b6SPhilip Paeps# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 165346bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 - 165446bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 165546bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 - 165646bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 - 165746bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - 165846bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 - 1659eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the ':01' is a typo. 16601315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Shanks & Pottenger say Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997; ignore this. 16611315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 166246bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Iraq 1991 2007 - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 - 166346bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Iraq 1991 2007 - Oct 1 3:00s 0 - 16642865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 16651315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890 16661315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time? 1667dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 3:00 - +03 1982 May 1668dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 3:00 Iraq +03/+04 16691315084cSEdwin Groothuis 16701315084cSEdwin Groothuis 16711315084cSEdwin Groothuis############################################################################### 16721315084cSEdwin Groothuis 16731315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Israel 16741315084cSEdwin Groothuis 167512a899b6SPhilip Paeps# For more info about the motivation for DST in Israel, see: 167612a899b6SPhilip Paeps# Barak Y. Israel's Daylight Saving Time controversy. Israel Affairs. 167712a899b6SPhilip Paeps# 2020-08-11. https://doi.org/10.1080/13537121.2020.1806564 167812a899b6SPhilip Paeps 16791315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11): 16801315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 16811315084cSEdwin Groothuis# I coined "IST/IDT" circa 1988. Until then there were three 16821315084cSEdwin Groothuis# different abbreviations in use: 16831315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 16841315084cSEdwin Groothuis# JST Jerusalem Standard Time [Danny Braniss, Hebrew University] 16851315084cSEdwin Groothuis# IZT Israel Zonal (sic) Time [Prof. Haim Papo, Technion] 16861315084cSEdwin Groothuis# EEST Eastern Europe Standard Time [used by almost everyone else] 16871315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 16881315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Since timezones should be called by country and not capital cities, 16891315084cSEdwin Groothuis# I ruled out JST. As Israel is in Asia Minor and not Eastern Europe, 16901315084cSEdwin Groothuis# EEST was equally unacceptable. Since "zonal" was not compatible with 16911315084cSEdwin Groothuis# any other timezone abbreviation, I felt that 'IST' was the way to go 16921315084cSEdwin Groothuis# and, indeed, it has received almost universal acceptance in timezone 16931315084cSEdwin Groothuis# settings in Israeli computers. 16941315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 16951315084cSEdwin Groothuis# In any case, I am happy to share timezone abbreviations with India, 16961315084cSEdwin Groothuis# high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's 16971315084cSEdwin Groothuis# family is from India). 16981315084cSEdwin Groothuis 1699dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# From P Chan (2020-10-27), with corrections: 1700dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 1701dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 1940-1946 Supplement No. 2 to the Palestine Gazette 1702dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# # issue page Order No. dated start end note 1703dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 1 1010 729 67 of 1940 1940-05-22 1940-05-31* 1940-09-30* revoked by #2 1704dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 2 1013 758 73 of 1940 1940-05-31 1940-05-31 1940-09-30 1705dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 3 1055 1574 196 of 1940 1940-11-06 1940-11-16 1940-12-31 1706dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 4 1066 1811 208 of 1940 1940-12-17 1940-12-31 1941-12-31 1707dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 5 1156 1967 116 of 1941 1941-12-16 1941-12-31 1942-12-31* amended by #6 1708dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 6 1228 1608 86 of 1942 1942-10-14 1941-12-31 1942-10-31 1709dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 7 1256 279 21 of 1943 1943-03-18 1943-03-31 1943-10-31 1710dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 8 1323 249 19 of 1944 1944-03-13 1944-03-31 1944-10-31 1711dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 9 1402 328 20 of 1945 1945-04-05 1945-04-15 1945-10-31 1712dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#10 1487 596 14 of 1946 1946-04-04 1946-04-15 1946-10-31 1713dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 1714dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 1948 Iton Rishmi (Official Gazette of the Provisional Government) 1715dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# # issue page dated start end 1716dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#11 2 7 1948-05-20 1948-05-22 1948-10-31* 1717dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# ^This moved timezone to +04, replaced by #12 from 1948-08-31 24:00 GMT. 1718dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#12 17 (Annex B) 84 1948-08-22 1948-08-31 1948-10-31 1719dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 1720dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 1949-2000 Kovetz HaTakanot (Collection of Regulations) 1721dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# # issue page dated start end note 1722dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#13 6 133 1949-03-23 1949-04-30 1949-10-31 1723dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#14 80 755 1950-03-17 1950-04-15 1950-09-14 1724dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#15 164 782 1951-03-22 1951-03-31 1951-09-29* amended by #16 1725dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#16 206 1940 1951-09-23 ---------- 1951-10-22* amended by #17 1726dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#17 212 78 1951-10-19 ---------- 1951-11-10 1727dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#18 254 652 1952-03-03 1952-04-19 1952-09-27* amended by #19 1728dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#19 300 11 1952-09-15 ---------- 1952-10-18 1729dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#20 348 817 1953-03-03 1953-04-11 1953-09-12 1730dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#21 420 385 1954-02-17 1954-06-12 1954-09-11 1731dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#22 497 548 1955-01-14 1955-06-11 1955-09-10 1732dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#23 591 608 1956-03-12 1956-06-02 1956-09-29 1733dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#24 680 957 1957-02-08 1957-04-27 1957-09-21 1734dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#25 3192 1418 1974-06-28 1974-07-06 1974-10-12 1735dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#26 3322 1389 1975-04-03 1975-04-19 1975-08-30 1736dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#27 4146 2089 1980-07-15 1980-08-02 1980-09-13 1737dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#28 4604 1081 1984-02-22 1984-05-05* 1984-08-25* revoked by #29 1738dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#29 4619 1312 1984-04-06 1984-05-05 1984-08-25 1739dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#30 4744 475 1984-12-23 1985-04-13 1985-09-14* amended by #31 1740dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#31 4851 1848 1985-08-18 ---------- 1985-08-31 1741dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#32 4932 899 1986-04-22 1986-05-17 1986-09-06 1742dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#33 5013 580 1987-02-15 1987-04-18* 1987-08-22* revoked by #34 1743dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#34 5021 744 1987-03-30 1987-04-14 1987-09-12 1744dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#35 5096 659 1988-02-14 1988-04-09 1988-09-03 1745dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#36 5167 514 1989-02-03 1989-04-29 1989-09-02 1746dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#37 5248 375 1990-01-23 1990-03-24 1990-08-25 1747dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#38 5335 612 1991-02-10 1991-03-09* 1991-08-31 amended by #39 1748dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 1992-03-28 1992-09-05 1749dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#39 5339 709 1991-03-04 1991-03-23 ---------- 1750dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#40 5506 503 1993-02-18 1993-04-02 1993-09-05 1751dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 1994-04-01 1994-08-28 1752dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 1995-03-31 1995-09-03 1753dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#41 5731 438 1996-01-01 1996-03-14 1996-09-15 1754dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 1997-03-13* 1997-09-18* overridden by 1997 Temp Prov 1755dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 1998-03-19* 1998-09-17* revoked by #42 1756dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#42 5853 1243 1997-09-18 1998-03-19 1998-09-05 1757dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#43 5937 77 1998-10-18 1999-04-02 1999-09-03 1758dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 2000-04-14* 2000-09-15* revoked by #44 1759dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 2001-04-13* 2001-09-14* revoked by #44 1760dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#44 6024 39 2000-03-14 2000-04-14 2000-10-22* overridden by 2000 Temp Prov 1761dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 2001-04-06* 2001-10-10* overridden by 2000 Temp Prov 1762dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 2002-03-29* 2002-10-29* overridden by 2000 Temp Prov 1763dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 1764dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# These are laws enacted by the Knesset since the Minister could only alter the 1765dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# transition dates at least six months in advanced under the 1992 Law. 1766dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# dated start end 1767dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 1997 Temporary Provisions 1997-03-06 1997-03-20 1997-09-13 1768dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 2000 Temporary Provisions 2000-07-28 ---------- 2000-10-06 1769dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 2001-04-09 2001-09-24 1770dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 2002-03-29 2002-10-07 1771dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 2003-03-28 2003-10-03 1772dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 2004-04-07 2004-09-22 1773dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# Note: 1774dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# Transition times in 1940-1957 (#1-#24) were midnight GMT, 1775dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# in 1974-1998 (#25-#42 and the 1997 Temporary Provisions) were midnight, 1776dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# in 1999-April 2000 (#43,#44) were 02:00, 1777dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# in the 2000 Temporary Provisions were 01:00. 1778dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 1779dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1780dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# Links: 1781dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 1 https://findit.library.yale.edu/images_layout/view?parentoid=15537490&increment=687 1782dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 2 https://findit.library.yale.edu/images_layout/view?parentoid=15537490&increment=716 1783dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 3 https://findit.library.yale.edu/images_layout/view?parentoid=15537491&increment=721 1784dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 4 https://findit.library.yale.edu/images_layout/view?parentoid=15537491&increment=958 1785dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 5 https://findit.library.yale.edu/images_layout/view?parentoid=15537502&increment=558 1786dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 6 https://findit.library.yale.edu/images_layout/view?parentoid=15537511&increment=105 1787dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 7 https://findit.library.yale.edu/images_layout/view?parentoid=15537516&increment=278 1788dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 8 https://findit.library.yale.edu/images_layout/view?parentoid=15537522&increment=248 1789dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 9 https://findit.library.yale.edu/images_layout/view?parentoid=15537530&increment=329 1790dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#10 https://findit.library.yale.edu/images_layout/view?parentoid=15537537&increment=601 1791dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#11 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law12/er-002.pdf#page=3 1792dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#12 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law12/er-017-t2.pdf#page=4 1793dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#13 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0006.pdf#page=3 1794dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#14 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0080.pdf#page=7 1795dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#15 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0164.pdf#page=10 1796dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#16 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0206.pdf#page=4 1797dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#17 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0212.pdf#page=2 1798dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#18 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0254.pdf#page=4 1799dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#19 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0300.pdf#page=5 1800dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#20 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0348.pdf#page=3 1801dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#21 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0420.pdf#page=5 1802dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#22 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0497.pdf#page=10 1803dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#23 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0591.pdf#page=6 1804dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#24 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0680.pdf#page=3 1805dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#25 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-3192.pdf#page=2 1806dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#26 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-3322.pdf#page=5 1807dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#27 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-4146.pdf#page=2 1808dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#28 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-4604.pdf#page=7 1809dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#29 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-4619.pdf#page=2 1810dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#30 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-4744.pdf#page=11 1811dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#31 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-4851.pdf#page=2 1812dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#32 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-4932.pdf#page=19 1813dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#33 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5013.pdf#page=8 1814dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#34 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5021.pdf#page=8 1815dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#35 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5096.pdf#page=3 1816dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#36 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5167.pdf#page=2 1817dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#37 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5248.pdf#page=7 1818dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#38 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5335.pdf#page=6 1819dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#39 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5339.pdf#page=7 1820dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#40 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5506.pdf#page=19 1821dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#41 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5731.pdf#page=2 1822dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#42 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5853.pdf#page=3 1823dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#43 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5937.pdf#page=9 1824dc505d53SPhilip Paeps#44 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-6024.pdf#page=4 1825dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 1826dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# Time Determination (Temporary Provisions) Law, 1997 1827dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law19/p201_003.htm 1828dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 1829dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# Time Determination (Temporary Provisions) Law, 2000 1830dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law19/p201_004.htm 1831dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# 1832dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# Time Determination Law, 1992 and amendments 1833dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/p201_002.htm 1834dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# https://main.knesset.gov.il/Activity/Legislation/Laws/Pages/LawPrimary.aspx?lawitemid=2001174 1835dc505d53SPhilip Paeps 1836dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2020-10-27): 1837dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# Several of the midnight transitions mentioned above are ambiguous; 1838dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# are they 00:00, 00:00s, 24:00, or 24:00s? When resolving these ambiguities, 1839dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# try to minimize changes from previous tzdb versions, for lack of better info. 1840dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# Commentary from previous versions is included below, to help explain this. 1841dc505d53SPhilip Paeps 184212a899b6SPhilip Paeps# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1843dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1940 only - May 31 24:00u 1:00 D 1844dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1940 only - Sep 30 24:00u 0 S 1845dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1940 only - Nov 16 24:00u 1:00 D 1846dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1942 1946 - Oct 31 24:00u 0 S 1847dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1943 1944 - Mar 31 24:00u 1:00 D 1848dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1945 1946 - Apr 15 24:00u 1:00 D 1849dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1948 only - May 22 24:00u 2:00 DD 1850dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1948 only - Aug 31 24:00u 1:00 D 1851dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1948 1949 - Oct 31 24:00u 0 S 1852dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1949 only - Apr 30 24:00u 1:00 D 1853dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1950 only - Apr 15 24:00u 1:00 D 1854dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1950 only - Sep 14 24:00u 0 S 1855dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1951 only - Mar 31 24:00u 1:00 D 1856dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1951 only - Nov 10 24:00u 0 S 1857dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1952 only - Apr 19 24:00u 1:00 D 1858dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1952 only - Oct 18 24:00u 0 S 1859dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1953 only - Apr 11 24:00u 1:00 D 1860dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1953 only - Sep 12 24:00u 0 S 1861dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1954 only - Jun 12 24:00u 1:00 D 1862dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1954 only - Sep 11 24:00u 0 S 1863dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 24:00u 1:00 D 1864dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1955 only - Sep 10 24:00u 0 S 1865dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1956 only - Jun 2 24:00u 1:00 D 1866dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1956 only - Sep 29 24:00u 0 S 1867dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1957 only - Apr 27 24:00u 1:00 D 1868dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1957 only - Sep 21 24:00u 0 S 1869dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1974 only - Jul 6 24:00 1:00 D 1870dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1974 only - Oct 12 24:00 0 S 1871dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1975 only - Apr 19 24:00 1:00 D 1872dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1975 only - Aug 30 24:00 0 S 1873ad48359aSPhilip Paeps 1874ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# From Alois Treindl (2019-03-06): 18752865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# http://www.moin.gov.il/Documents/שעון%20קיץ/clock-50-years-7-2014.pdf 1876ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# From Isaac Starkman (2019-03-06): 1877ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# Summer time was in that period in 1980 and 1984, see 1878ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3951073,00.html 1879ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# You can of course read it in translation. 1880ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# I checked the local newspapers for that years. 1881ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# It started on midnight and end at 01.00 am. 1882ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2019-03-06): 1883ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# Also see this thread about the moin.gov.il URL: 1884ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2018-November/027194.html 1885dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1980 only - Aug 2 24:00s 1:00 D 1886dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1980 only - Sep 13 24:00s 0 S 1887dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1984 only - May 5 24:00s 1:00 D 1888dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1984 only - Aug 25 24:00s 0 S 1889ad48359aSPhilip Paeps 1890dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1985 only - Apr 13 24:00 1:00 D 1891dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1985 only - Aug 31 24:00 0 S 1892dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1986 only - May 17 24:00 1:00 D 1893dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1986 only - Sep 6 24:00 0 S 1894dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1987 only - Apr 14 24:00 1:00 D 1895dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1987 only - Sep 12 24:00 0 S 1896890859c7SEdwin Groothuis 1897890859c7SEdwin Groothuis# From Avigdor Finkelstein (2014-03-05): 1898890859c7SEdwin Groothuis# I check the Parliament (Knesset) records and there it's stated that the 1899890859c7SEdwin Groothuis# [1988] transition should take place on Saturday night, when the Sabbath 1900890859c7SEdwin Groothuis# ends and changes to Sunday. 1901dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1988 only - Apr 9 24:00 1:00 D 1902dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1988 only - Sep 3 24:00 0 S 19031315084cSEdwin Groothuis 19041315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Ephraim Silverberg 19051315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17, 2000-07-25, 2004-12-22, 19061315084cSEdwin Groothuis# and 2005-02-17): 19071315084cSEdwin Groothuis 19081315084cSEdwin Groothuis# According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of 19091315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes. 19101315084cSEdwin Groothuis# One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150 19111315084cSEdwin Groothuis# days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to 19121315084cSEdwin Groothuis# daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to 19131315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a 19141315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard 19151315084cSEdwin Groothuis# time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard 19161315084cSEdwin Groothuis# time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid 19171315084cSEdwin Groothuis# conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to 19181315084cSEdwin Groothuis# daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from 19191315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time 19201315084cSEdwin Groothuis# was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for 19211315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was 19221315084cSEdwin Groothuis# similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it 19231315084cSEdwin Groothuis# will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all 19241315084cSEdwin Groothuis# changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no 19251315084cSEdwin Groothuis# rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date 19261315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve 19271315084cSEdwin Groothuis# of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date 19281315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement] 19291315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar). 19301315084cSEdwin Groothuis 193112a899b6SPhilip Paeps# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1932dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1989 only - Apr 29 24:00 1:00 D 1933dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1989 only - Sep 2 24:00 0 S 1934dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1990 only - Mar 24 24:00 1:00 D 1935dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1990 only - Aug 25 24:00 0 S 1936dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1991 only - Mar 23 24:00 1:00 D 1937dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1991 only - Aug 31 24:00 0 S 1938dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1992 only - Mar 28 24:00 1:00 D 1939dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1992 only - Sep 5 24:00 0 S 19401315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D 19411315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S 19421315084cSEdwin Groothuis 19431315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the 19441315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by 19451315084cSEdwin Groothuis# calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448. 19461315084cSEdwin Groothuis 194712a899b6SPhilip Paeps# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 19481315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 19491315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S 19501315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 19511315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 19521315084cSEdwin Groothuis 19531315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the 19541315084cSEdwin Groothuis# time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998 19551315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at: 19561315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 19571315084cSEdwin Groothuis# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz 19581315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 19591315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa. 19601315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 19611315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at: 19621315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 19631315084cSEdwin Groothuis# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz 19641315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 19651315084cSEdwin Groothuis# where YYYY is the relevant year. 19661315084cSEdwin Groothuis 196712a899b6SPhilip Paeps# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1968dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1996 only - Mar 14 24:00 1:00 D 1969dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1996 only - Sep 15 24:00 0 S 1970dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1997 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 D 1971dc505d53SPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1997 only - Sep 13 24:00 0 S 19721315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D 19731315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 19741315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D 19751315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S 19761315084cSEdwin Groothuis 19771315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for 19781315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the 19791315084cSEdwin Groothuis# years 2001-2004 as well. 19801315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 19811315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at: 19821315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 19831315084cSEdwin Groothuis# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz 19841315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 19851315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates 19861315084cSEdwin Groothuis# for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at: 19871315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 19881315084cSEdwin Groothuis# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz 19891315084cSEdwin Groothuis 199012a899b6SPhilip Paeps# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 19911315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 19921315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S 19931315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D 19941315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S 19951315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D 19961315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S 19971315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D 19981315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S 19991315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D 20001315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S 20011315084cSEdwin Groothuis 20021315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The proposed law agreed upon by the Knesset Interior Committee on 20031315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2005-02-14 is that, for 2005 and beyond, DST starts at 02:00 the 20041315084cSEdwin Groothuis# last Friday before April 2nd (i.e. the last Friday in March or April 20051315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1st itself if it falls on a Friday) and ends at 02:00 on the Saturday 20061315084cSEdwin Groothuis# night _before_ the fast of Yom Kippur. 20071315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 20081315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Those who can read Hebrew can view the announcement at: 20091315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 20101315084cSEdwin Groothuis# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2005+beyond.ps 20111315084cSEdwin Groothuis 201212a899b6SPhilip Paeps# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 20132865ab3fSPhilip PaepsRule Zion 2005 2012 - Apr Fri<=1 2:00 1:00 D 20141315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 20151315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2006 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S 20161315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2007 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 20171315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2008 only - Oct 5 2:00 0 S 20181315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2009 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 20191315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2010 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 20201315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 20211315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 2:00 0 S 20222029f589SEdwin Groothuis 2023dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# From Ephraim Silverberg (2020-10-26): 2024dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# The current time law (2013) from the State of Israel can be viewed 2025dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# (in Hebrew) at: 2026dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/israel/announcements/2013+law.pdf 2027dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# It translates to: 2028dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# Every year, in the period from the Friday before the last Sunday in 2029dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# the month of March at 02:00 a.m. until the last Sunday of the month 2030dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# of October at 02:00 a.m., Israel Time will be advanced an additional 2031dc505d53SPhilip Paeps# hour such that it will be UTC+3. 2032f09b8c49SEdwin Groothuis 203312a899b6SPhilip Paeps# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 20342029f589SEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2013 max - Mar Fri>=23 2:00 1:00 D 2035875f3108SEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2013 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 20361315084cSEdwin Groothuis 20372865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2038875f3108SEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:54 - LMT 1880 20391315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time? 20401315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2:00 Zion I%sT 20411315084cSEdwin Groothuis 20421315084cSEdwin Groothuis 20431315084cSEdwin Groothuis 20441315084cSEdwin Groothuis############################################################################### 20451315084cSEdwin Groothuis 20461315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Japan 20471315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2048eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# '9:00' and 'JST' is from Guy Harris. 20491315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2050dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2020-01-19): 2051dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# Starting in the 7th century, Japan generally followed an ancient Chinese 2052dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# timekeeping system that divided night and day into six hours each, 2053dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# with hour length depending on season. In 1873 the government 2054dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# started requiring the use of a Western style 24-hour clock. See: 2055dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# Yulia Frumer, "Making Time: Astronomical Time Measurement in Tokugawa Japan" 2056dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# <https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1043907065>. As the tzdb code and 2057dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# data support only 24-hour clocks, its tables model timestamps before 2058dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# 1873 using Western-style local mean time. 2059dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps 2060dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09): 2061dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical 2062dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# Observatory: 139° 44' 40.90" E (9h 18m 58.727s), 35° 39' 16.0" N. 2063dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996' 2064dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan.... 2065dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST). 2066dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# The law is enacted on 1886-07-07. 2067dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps 2068dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16): 2069dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan, 2070dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# which stands for the time on 135° E. 2071dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central 2072dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard 2073dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# time", which stands for the time on 120° E.... But "western standard 2074dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No. 2075dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is 2076dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# standard.... 2077dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# 2078dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate. 2079dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor. 2080dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps 2081dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2013-07-12): 2082dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# ...the Meiji Emperor announced Ordinance No. 167 of Meiji Year 28 "The clause 2083dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# about standard time" ... The adoption began from Jan 1, 1896. 2084dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/標準時ニ關スル件_(公布時) 2085dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# 2086dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# ...the Showa Emperor announced Ordinance No. 529 of Showa Year 12 ... which 2087dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# means the whole Japan territory, including later occupations, adopt Japan 2088dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# Central Time (UT+9). The adoption began on Oct 1, 1937. 2089dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/明治二十八年勅令第百六十七號標準時ニ關スル件中改正ノ件 2090dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps 20911315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (1995-03-06): 20921315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had 2093eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but "the system was discontinued 2094eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours." 20951315084cSEdwin Groothuis 20967ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# From Mayumi Negishi in the 2005-08-10 Japan Times: 20977ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/getarticle.pl5?nn20050810f2.htm 20981315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Occupation authorities imposed daylight-saving time on Japan on 20991315084cSEdwin Groothuis# [1948-05-01].... But lack of prior debate and the execution of 21001315084cSEdwin Groothuis# daylight-saving time just three days after the bill was passed generated 21011315084cSEdwin Groothuis# deep hatred of the concept.... The Diet unceremoniously passed a bill to 21021315084cSEdwin Groothuis# dump the unpopular system in October 1951, less than a month after the San 21031315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Francisco Peace Treaty was signed. (A government poll in 1951 showed 53% 21041315084cSEdwin Groothuis# of the Japanese wanted to scrap daylight-saving time, as opposed to 30% who 21051315084cSEdwin Groothuis# wanted to keep it.) 21061315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2107afb91be3SPhilip Paeps# From Takayuki Nikai (2018-01-19): 2108afb91be3SPhilip Paeps# The source of information is Japanese law. 2109afb91be3SPhilip Paeps# http://www.shugiin.go.jp/internet/itdb_housei.nsf/html/houritsu/00219480428029.htm 2110afb91be3SPhilip Paeps# http://www.shugiin.go.jp/internet/itdb_housei.nsf/html/houritsu/00719500331039.htm 2111afb91be3SPhilip Paeps# ... In summary, it is written as follows. From 24:00 on the first Saturday 2112afb91be3SPhilip Paeps# in May, until 0:00 on the day after the second Saturday in September. 211389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps 211489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# From Phake Nick (2018-09-27): 211589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# [T]he webpage authored by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 211689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# https://eco.mtk.nao.ac.jp/koyomi/wiki/BBFEB9EF2FB2C6BBFEB9EF.html 211789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# ... mentioned that using Showa 23 (year 1948) as example, 13pm of September 211889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 11 in summer time will equal to 0am of September 12 in standard time. 211989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# It cited a document issued by the Liaison Office which briefly existed 212089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# during the postwar period of Japan, where the detail on implementation 212189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# of the summer time is described in the document. 212289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# https://eco.mtk.nao.ac.jp/koyomi/wiki/BBFEB9EF2FB2C6BBFEB9EFB2C6BBFEB9EFA4CEBCC2BBDCA4CBA4C4A4A4A4C6.pdf 212389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# The text in the document do instruct a fall back to occur at 212489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# September 11, 13pm in summer time, while ordinary citizens can 212589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# change the clock before they sleep. 212689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 212789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2018-09-27): 212889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# This instruction is equivalent to "Sat>=8 25:00", so use that. zic treats 212989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# it like "Sun>=9 01:00", which is not quite the same but is the best we can 213089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# do in any POSIX or C platform. The "25:00" assumes zic from 2007 or later, 213189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# which should be safe now. 213289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps 213312a899b6SPhilip Paeps# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2134afb91be3SPhilip PaepsRule Japan 1948 only - May Sat>=1 24:00 1:00 D 213589abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 25:00 0 S 2136afb91be3SPhilip PaepsRule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sat>=1 24:00 1:00 D 2137afb91be3SPhilip PaepsRule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sat>=1 24:00 1:00 D 21381315084cSEdwin Groothuis 21392865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 21401315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u 21411315084cSEdwin Groothuis 9:00 Japan J%sT 21422c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo, 21432c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# except that Truk (Chuuk), Ponape (Pohnpei), and Jaluit (Kosrae) did not 21442c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# switch from +10 to +09 until 1941-04-01; see the 'australasia' file. 21451315084cSEdwin Groothuis 21461315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Jordan 21471315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2148eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From <http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html> 2149eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Jordan Week (1999-07-01) via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): 21501315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight, 21511315084cSEdwin Groothuis# in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time 21521315084cSEdwin Groothuis# all year round. 21531315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2154eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From <http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html> 2155eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Jordan Week (1999-09-30) via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09): 21561315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back 21571315084cSEdwin Groothuis# by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final! 21581315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in 21591315084cSEdwin Groothuis# government's departments from six to seven hours. 21601315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 21611315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 21621315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Starting 2003 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 21631315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 21641315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 21651315084cSEdwin Groothuis# For Jordan I have received multiple independent user reports every year 21661315084cSEdwin Groothuis# about DST end dates, as the end-rule is different every year. 21671315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 21681315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-10-01), after a heads-up from Hilal Malawi: 21691315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.petranews.gov.jo/nepras/2006/Sep/05/4000.htm 21701315084cSEdwin Groothuis# "Jordan will switch to winter time on Friday, October 27". 21711315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 21721315084cSEdwin Groothuis 21731315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-04-02): 21741315084cSEdwin Groothuis# This single one might be good enough, (2009-03-24, Arabic): 21751315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279 21761315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 21771315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Google's translation: 21781315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 21791315084cSEdwin Groothuis# > The Council of Ministers decided in 2002 to adopt the principle of timely 21801315084cSEdwin Groothuis# > submission of the summer at 60 minutes as of midnight on the last Thursday 21811315084cSEdwin Groothuis# > of the month of March of each year. 21821315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 21831315084cSEdwin Groothuis# So - this means the midnight between Thursday and Friday since 2002. 21841315084cSEdwin Groothuis 21851315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-06): 21861315084cSEdwin Groothuis# We still have Jordan switching to DST on Thursdays in 2000 and 2001. 21871315084cSEdwin Groothuis 21882029f589SEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-10-25): 21892029f589SEdwin Groothuis# Yesterday the government in Jordan announced that they will not 21902029f589SEdwin Groothuis# switch back to standard time this winter, so the will stay on DST 21912029f589SEdwin Groothuis# until about the same time next year (at least). 21922029f589SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.petra.gov.jo/Public_News/Nws_NewsDetails.aspx?NewsID=88950 2193668615cdSEdwin Groothuis 2194668615cdSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-12-11): 2195668615cdSEdwin Groothuis# Jordan Times and other sources say that Jordan is going back to 2196668615cdSEdwin Groothuis# UTC+2 on 2013-12-19 at midnight: 2197668615cdSEdwin Groothuis# http://jordantimes.com/govt-decides-to-switch-back-to-wintertime 2198668615cdSEdwin Groothuis# Official, in Arabic: 2199668615cdSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.petra.gov.jo/public_news/Nws_NewsDetails.aspx?Menu_ID=&Site_Id=2&lang=1&NewsID=133230&CatID=14 2200668615cdSEdwin Groothuis# ... Our background/permalink about it 22018d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/jordan-reverses-dst-decision.html 2202668615cdSEdwin Groothuis# ... 2203668615cdSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.petra.gov.jo/Public_News/Nws_NewsDetails.aspx?lang=2&site_id=1&NewsID=133313&Type=P 2204668615cdSEdwin Groothuis# ... says midnight for the coming one and 1:00 for the ones in the future 2205668615cdSEdwin Groothuis# (and they will use DST again next year, using the normal schedule). 2206668615cdSEdwin Groothuis 2207668615cdSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2013-12-11): 2208668615cdSEdwin Groothuis# As Steffen suggested, consider the past 21-month experiment to be DST. 22092029f589SEdwin Groothuis 221094c2d487SPhilip Paeps# From Steffen Thorsen (2021-09-24): 221194c2d487SPhilip Paeps# The Jordanian Government announced yesterday that they will start DST 221294c2d487SPhilip Paeps# in February instead of March: 221394c2d487SPhilip Paeps# https://petra.gov.jo/Include/InnerPage.jsp?ID=37683&lang=en&name=en_news (English) 221494c2d487SPhilip Paeps# https://petra.gov.jo/Include/InnerPage.jsp?ID=189969&lang=ar&name=news (Arabic) 221594c2d487SPhilip Paeps# From the Arabic version, it seems to say it would be at midnight 221694c2d487SPhilip Paeps# (assume 24:00) on the last Thursday in February, starting from 2022. 221794c2d487SPhilip Paeps 22185d56371cSPhilip Paeps# From Issam Al-Zuwairi (2022-10-05): 22195d56371cSPhilip Paeps# The Council of Ministers in Jordan decided Wednesday 5th October 2022, 22205d56371cSPhilip Paeps# that daylight saving time (DST) will be throughout the year.... 22215d56371cSPhilip Paeps# 22225d56371cSPhilip Paeps# From Brian Inglis (2022-10-06): 22235d56371cSPhilip Paeps# https://petra.gov.jo/Include/InnerPage.jsp?ID=45567&lang=en&name=en_news 22245d56371cSPhilip Paeps# 22255d56371cSPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2022-10-05): 22265d56371cSPhilip Paeps# Like Syria, model this as a transition from EEST +03 (DST) to plain +03 22275d56371cSPhilip Paeps# (non-DST) at the point where DST would otherwise have ended. 22285d56371cSPhilip Paeps 222912a899b6SPhilip Paeps# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 22301315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S 22311315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 22321315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 22331315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 22341315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 22351315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 22361315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 22371315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 22381315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 22391315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 22401315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 22411315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S 22421315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S 22431315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S 22441315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 - 22451315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S 22461315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 22471315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 22481315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 22491315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 - 22501315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S 22511315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1999 2002 - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 22521315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 2000 2001 - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 2253c26a5802SEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 2002 2012 - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S 22541315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 2003 only - Oct 24 0:00s 0 - 22551315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 2004 only - Oct 15 0:00s 0 - 22561315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 2005 only - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 2257668615cdSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 2006 2011 - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 - 2258668615cdSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 2013 only - Dec 20 0:00 0 - 225994c2d487SPhilip PaepsRule Jordan 2014 2021 - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S 22605d56371cSPhilip PaepsRule Jordan 2014 2022 - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 - 22615d56371cSPhilip PaepsRule Jordan 2022 only - Feb lastThu 24:00 1:00 S 22622865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 22631315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931 22645d56371cSPhilip Paeps 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 2022 Oct 28 0:00s 22655d56371cSPhilip Paeps 3:00 - +03 22661315084cSEdwin Groothuis 22671315084cSEdwin Groothuis 22681315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Kazakhstan 22691315084cSEdwin Groothuis 22706790a258SEdwin Groothuis# From Kazakhstan Embassy's News Bulletin No. 11 2271eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# <http://www.kazsociety.org.uk/news/2005/03/30.htm> (2005-03-21): 22721315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The Government of Kazakhstan passed a resolution March 15 abolishing 22731315084cSEdwin Groothuis# daylight saving time citing lack of economic benefits and health 22741315084cSEdwin Groothuis# complications coupled with a decrease in productivity. 22751315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 22761315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Branislav Kojic (in Astana) via Gwillim Law (2005-06-28): 22771315084cSEdwin Groothuis# ... what happened was that the former Kazakhstan Eastern time zone 22781315084cSEdwin Groothuis# was "blended" with the Central zone. Therefore, Kazakhstan now has 22791315084cSEdwin Groothuis# two time zones, and difference between them is one hour. The zone 22801315084cSEdwin Groothuis# closer to UTC is the former Western zone (probably still called the 2281e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# same), encompassing four provinces in the west: Aqtöbe, Atyraū, 2282e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# Mangghystaū, and West Kazakhstan. The other zone encompasses 22831315084cSEdwin Groothuis# everything else.... I guess that would make Kazakhstan time zones 22841315084cSEdwin Groothuis# de jure UTC+5 and UTC+6 respectively. 22851315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2286e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-27): 22878fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Review of the linked documents from http://adilet.zan.kz/ 22888fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# produced the following data for post-1991 Kazakhstan: 22898fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 22908fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 0. Act of the Cabinet of Ministers of the USSR 22918fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# from 1991-02-04 No. 20 22928fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?docbody=&nd=102010545 22938fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# removed the extra hour ("decree time") on the territory of the USSR 22948fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# starting with the last Sunday of March 1991. 22958fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# It also allowed (but not mandated) Kazakh SSR, Kirghiz SSR, Tajik SSR, 22968fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Turkmen SSR and Uzbek SSR to not have "summer" time. 22978fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 22988fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# The 1992-01-13 act also refers to the act of the Cabinet of Ministers 22998fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# of the Kazakh SSR from 1991-03-20 No. 170 "About the act of the Cabinet 23008fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# of Ministers of the USSR from 1991-02-04 No. 20" but I didn't found its 23018fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# text. 23028fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 23038fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# According to Izvestia newspaper No. 68 (23334) from 1991-03-20 23042865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# -- page 6; available at http://libinfo.org/newsr/newsr2574.djvu via 23052865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# http://libinfo.org/index.php?id=58564 -- on 1991-03-31 at 2:00 during 23068fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# transition to "summer" time: 23078fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Republic of Georgia, Latvian SSR, Lithuanian SSR, SSR Moldova, 23088fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Estonian SSR; Komi ASSR; Kaliningrad oblast; Nenets autonomous okrug 23098fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# were to move clocks 1 hour forward. 23108fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Kazakh SSR (excluding Uralsk oblast); Republic of Kyrgyzstan, Tajik 23118fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# SSR; Andijan, Jizzakh, Namangan, Sirdarya, Tashkent, Fergana oblasts 23128fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# of the Uzbek SSR were to move clocks 1 hour backwards. 23138fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Other territories were to not move clocks. 23148fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# When the "summer" time would end on 1991-09-29, clocks were to be 23158fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# moved 1 hour backwards on the territory of the USSR excluding 23168fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Kazakhstan, Kirghizia, Uzbekistan, Turkmenia, Tajikistan. 23178fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 23188fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Apparently there were last minute changes. Apparently Kazakh act No. 170 23198fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# was one of such changes. 23208fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 23212865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Декретное_время 23228fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# claims that Sovetskaya Rossiya newspaper on 1991-03-29 published that 23238fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Nenets autonomous okrug, Komi and Kazakhstan (excluding Uralsk oblast) 23248fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# were to not move clocks and Uralsk oblast was to move clocks 23258fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# forward; on 1991-09-29 Kazakhstan was to move clocks backwards. 23268fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# (Probably there were changes even after that publication. There is an 23278fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# article claiming that Kaliningrad oblast decided on 1991-03-29 to not 23288fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# move clocks.) 23298fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 23308fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# This implies that on 1991-03-31 Asia/Oral remained on +04/+05 while 23318fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# the rest of Kazakhstan switched from +06/+07 to +05/06 or from +05/06 2332e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# to +04/+05. It's unclear how Qyzylorda oblast moved into the fifth 23338fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# time belt. (By switching from +04/+05 to +05/+06 on 1991-09-29?) ... 23348fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 23358fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 1. Act of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Kazakhstan 23368fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# from 1992-01-13 No. 28 23378fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P920000028_ 23388fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# (text includes modification from the 1996 act) 23398fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# introduced new rules for calculation of time, mirroring Russian 23408fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 1992-01-08 act. It specified that time would be calculated 23418fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# according to time belts plus extra hour ("decree time"), moved clocks 23428fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# on the whole territory of Kazakhstan 1 hour forward on 1992-01-19 at 23438fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 2:00, specified DST rules. It acknowledged that Kazakhstan was 23448fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# located in the fourth and the fifth time belts and specified the 2345e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# border between them to be located east of Qostanay and Aktyubinsk 2346e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# oblasts (notably including Turgai and Qyzylorda oblasts into the fifth 23478fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# time belt). 23488fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 23498fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# This means switch on 1992-01-19 at 2:00 from +04/+05 to +05/+06 for 2350e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# Asia/Aqtau, Asia/Aqtobe, Asia/Oral, Atyraū and Qostanay oblasts; from 2351e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# +05/+06 to +06/+07 for Asia/Almaty and Asia/Qyzylorda (and Arkalyk).... 23528fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 23538fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 2. Act of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Kazakhstan 23548fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# from 1992-03-27 No. 284 23558fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P920000284_ 2356e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# cancels extra hour ("decree time") for Uralsk and Qyzylorda oblasts 23578fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# since the last Sunday of March 1992, while keeping them in the fourth 23588fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# and the fifth time belts respectively. 23598fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 23608fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 3. Order of the Prime Minister of the Republic of Kazakhstan 23618fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# from 1994-09-23 No. 384 23628fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/R940000384_ 2363e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# cancels the extra hour ("decree time") on the territory of Mangghystaū 23648fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# oblast since the last Sunday of September 1994 (saying that time on 23658fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# the territory would correspond to the third time belt as a 23668fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# result).... 23678fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 23688fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 4. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan 23698fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# from 1996-05-08 No. 575 23708fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P960000575_ 23718fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# amends the 1992-01-13 act to end summer time in October instead 23728fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# of September, mirroring identical Russian change from 1996-04-23 act. 23738fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 23748fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 5. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan 23758fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# from 1999-03-26 No. 305 23768fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P990000305_ 2377e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# cancels the extra hour ("decree time") for Atyraū oblast since the 23788fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# last Sunday of March 1999 while retaining the oblast in the fourth 23798fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# time belt. 23808fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 2381e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# This means change from +05/+06 to +04/+05.... 23828fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 23838fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 6. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan 23848fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# from 2000-11-23 No. 1749 23858fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/archive/docs/P000001749_/23.11.2000 23868fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# replaces the previous five documents. 23878fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 23888fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# The only changes I noticed are in definition of the border between the 23898fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# fourth and the fifth time belts. They account for changes in spelling 23908fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# and administrative division (splitting of Turgai oblast in 1997 2391e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# probably changed time in territories incorporated into Qostanay oblast 2392e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# (including Arkalyk) from +06/+07 to +05/+06) and move Qyzylorda oblast 23938fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# from being in the fifth time belt and not using decree time into the 2394e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# fourth time belt (no change in practice). 23958fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 23968fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 7. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan 23978fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# from 2003-12-29 No. 1342 23988fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P030001342_ 23998fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# modified the 2000-11-23 act. No relevant changes, apparently. 24008fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 24018fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 8. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan 24028fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# from 2004-07-20 No. 775 24038fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/archive/docs/P040000775_/20.07.2004 2404e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# modified the 2000-11-23 act to move Qostanay and Qyzylorda oblasts into 24058fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# the fifth time belt and add Aktobe oblast to the list of regions not 24068fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# using extra hour ("decree time"), leaving Kazakhstan with only 2 time 24078fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# zones (+04/+05 and +06/+07). The changes were to be implemented 24088fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# during DST transitions in 2004 and 2005 but the acts got radically 24098fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# amended before implementation happened. 24108fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 24118fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 9. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan 24128fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# from 2004-09-15 No. 1059 24138fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P040001059_ 24148fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# modified the 2000-11-23 act to remove exceptions from the "decree time" 24158fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# (leaving Kazakhstan in +05/+06 and +06/+07 zones), amended the 2416e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# 2004-07-20 act to implement changes for Atyraū, West Kazakhstan, 2417e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# Qostanay, Qyzylorda and Mangghystaū oblasts by not moving clocks 2418e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# during the 2004 transition to "winter" time. 24198fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 2420e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# This means transition from +04/+05 to +05/+06 for Atyraū oblast (no 24218fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# zone currently), Asia/Oral, Asia/Aqtau and transition from +05/+06 to 2422e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# +06/+07 for Qostanay oblast (Qostanay and Arkalyk, no zones currently) 2423e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# and Asia/Qyzylorda on 2004-10-31 at 3:00.... 24248fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 24258fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 10. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan 24268fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# from 2005-03-15 No. 231 24278fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P050000231_ 24288fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# removes DST provisions from the 2000-11-23 act, removes most of the 24298fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# (already implemented) provisions from the 2004-07-20 and 2004-09-15 24308fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# acts, comes into effect 10 days after official publication. 24318fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# The only practical effect seems to be the abolition of the summer 24328fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# time. 24338fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 24348fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Unamended version of the act of the Government of the Russian Federation 24358fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# No. 23 from 1992-01-08 [See 'europe' file for details]. 24368fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Kazakh 1992-01-13 act appears to provide the same rules and 1992-03-27 24378fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# act was to be enacted on the last Sunday of March 1992. 24388fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 2439dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# From Stepan Golosunov (2016-11-08): 2440dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# Turgai reorganization should affect only southern part of Qostanay 2441dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# oblast. Which should probably be separated into Asia/Arkalyk zone. 2442dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# (There were also 1970, 1988 and 1990 Turgai oblast reorganizations 2443dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# according to wikipedia.) 2444dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# 2445dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# [For Qostanay] http://www.ng.kz/gazeta/195/hranit/ 2446dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# suggests that clocks were to be moved 40 minutes backwards on 2447dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# 1920-01-01 to the fourth time belt. But I do not understand 2448dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# how that could happen.... 2449dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# 2450dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# [For Atyrau and Oral] 1919 decree 2451dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# (http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia-1919-02-08.html 2452dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# and in Byalokoz) lists Ural river (plus 10 versts on its left bank) in 2453dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# the third time belt (before 1930 this means +03). 2454dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 24552c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# From Alexander Konzurovski (2018-12-20): 24569f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# (Asia/Qyzylorda) is changing its time zone from UTC+6 to UTC+5 24579f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# effective December 21st, 2018.... 24589f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P1800000817 (russian language). 24598fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 24602723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# From Zhanbolat Raimbekov (2024-01-19): 24612723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# Kazakhstan (all parts) switching to UTC+5 on March 1, 2024 24622723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/mti/press/news/details/688998?lang=ru 24632723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# [in Russian] 24642723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# (2024-01-20): https://primeminister.kz/ru/decisions/19012024-20 24652723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# 24662723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2024-01-19): 24672723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# According to a different news and the official web site for the Ministry of 24682723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# Trade and Integration of the Republic of Kazakhstan: 24692723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# https://en.inform.kz/news/kazakhstan-to-switch-to-single-hour-zone-mar-1-54ad0b/ 24702723c7ffSPhilip Paeps 24712865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 24721315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 24731315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan 24742723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# This includes Abai/Abay (ISO 3166-2 code KZ-10), Aqmola/Akmola (KZ-11), 24752723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# Almaty (KZ-19), Almaty city (KZ-75), Astana city (KZ-71), 24762723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# East Kazkhstan (KZ-63), Jambyl/Zhambyl (KZ-31), Jetisu/Zhetysu (KZ-33), 24772723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# Karaganda (KZ-35), North Kazakhstan (KZ-59), Pavlodar (KZ-55), 24782723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# Shyumkent city (KZ-79), Turkistan (KZ-61), and Ulytau (KZ-62). 24791315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata 24808fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 1930 Jun 21 24818fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 24828fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 24838fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07 2004 Oct 31 2:00s 24842723c7ffSPhilip Paeps 6:00 - +06 2024 Mar 1 0:00 24852723c7ffSPhilip Paeps 5:00 - +05 24862723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.) (KZ-43) 24871315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Qyzylorda 4:21:52 - LMT 1924 May 2 24888fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21 24898fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 1981 Apr 1 24908fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 1:00 +06 1981 Oct 1 24918fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1 24928fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 24938fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 24948fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 24958fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 24968fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 2004 Oct 31 2:00s 24972c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 6:00 - +06 2018 Dec 21 0:00 24982c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 5:00 - +05 24992723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# Qostanay (aka Kostanay, Kustanay) (KZ-39) 25002c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# The 1991/2 rules are unclear partly because of the 1997 Turgai 25012c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# reorganization. 25022c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsZone Asia/Qostanay 4:14:28 - LMT 1924 May 2 25032c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21 25042c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 5:00 - +05 1981 Apr 1 25052c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 5:00 1:00 +06 1981 Oct 1 25062c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1 25072c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 25082c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 25092c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 2004 Oct 31 2:00s 25102723c7ffSPhilip Paeps 6:00 - +06 2024 Mar 1 0:00 25112723c7ffSPhilip Paeps 5:00 - +05 25122723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# Aqtöbe (aka Aktobe, formerly Aktyubinsk) (KZ-15) 25131315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2 25148fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21 25158fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 1981 Apr 1 25168fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 1:00 +06 1981 Oct 1 25178fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1 25188fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 25198fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 25208fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 2004 Oct 31 2:00s 25218fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 25222723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# Mangghystaū (KZ-47) 25231315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Aqtau was not founded until 1963, but it represents an inhabited region, 25241315084cSEdwin Groothuis# so include timestamps before 1963. 25251315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2 25268fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21 25278fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 1981 Oct 1 25288fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1 25298fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 25308fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 25318fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1994 Sep 25 2:00s 25328fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 2004 Oct 31 2:00s 25338fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 25342723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# Atyraū (KZ-23) is like Mangghystaū except it switched from 2535e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# +04/+05 to +05/+06 in spring 1999, not fall 1994. 2536e350c46aSBaptiste DaroussinZone Asia/Atyrau 3:27:44 - LMT 1924 May 2 2537dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21 2538e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 1981 Oct 1 2539e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1 2540e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2541e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2542e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1999 Mar 28 2:00s 2543e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 2004 Oct 31 2:00s 2544e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 25452723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# West Kazakhstan (KZ-27) 25468fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): 25478fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). 25481315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Oral 3:25:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ural'sk 2549dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21 25508fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 1981 Apr 1 25518fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 1:00 +06 1981 Oct 1 25528fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1 25538fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 25548fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 25558fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 25568fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 2004 Oct 31 2:00s 25578fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 25581315084cSEdwin Groothuis 25591315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan) 25601315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger. 25611315084cSEdwin Groothuis 25621315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-15): 25631315084cSEdwin Groothuis# According to an article dated today in the Kyrgyzstan Development Gateway 25647ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# http://eng.gateway.kg/cgi-bin/page.pl?id=1&story_name=doc9979.shtml 25651315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Kyrgyzstan is canceling the daylight saving time system. I take the article 25661315084cSEdwin Groothuis# to mean that they will leave their clocks at 6 hours ahead of UTC. 25671315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Malik Abdugaliev (2005-09-21): 25681315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Our government cancels daylight saving time 6th of August 2005. 25691315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From 2005-08-12 our GMT-offset is +6, w/o any daylight saving. 25701315084cSEdwin Groothuis 257112a899b6SPhilip Paeps# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 257246bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00s 1:00 - 25731315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 257446bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Kyrgyz 1997 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 - 25751315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Kyrgyz 1997 2004 - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 - 25762865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 25771315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 25788fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 1930 Jun 21 25798fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 25808fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Aug 31 2:00 25818fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 Kyrgyz +05/+06 2005 Aug 12 25828fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 - +06 25831315084cSEdwin Groothuis 25841315084cSEdwin Groothuis############################################################################### 25851315084cSEdwin Groothuis 25861315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Korea (North and South) 25871315084cSEdwin Groothuis 25887ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# From Annie I. Bang (2006-07-10): 2589d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=200607100012 2590d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# Korea ran a daylight saving program from 1949-61 but stopped it 2591d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# during the 1950-53 Korean War. The system was temporarily enforced 2592d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# between 1987 and 1988 ... 25931315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2594d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# From Sanghyuk Jung (2014-10-29): 25958d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2014-October/021830.html 2596d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# According to the Korean Wikipedia 25978d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/한국_표준시 2598d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# [oldid=12896437 2014-09-04 08:03 UTC] 2599d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# DST in Republic of Korea was as follows.... And I checked old 2600d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# newspapers in Korean, all articles correspond with data in Wikipedia. 2601d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# For example, the article in 1948 (Korean Language) proved that DST 2602d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# started at June 1 in that year. For another example, the article in 2603d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# 1988 said that DST started at 2:00 AM in that year. 2604d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis 26052c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# From Phake Nick (2018-10-27): 26062c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 1. According to official announcement from Korean government, the DST end 26072c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# date in South Korea should be 26082c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 1955-09-08 without specifying time 26092c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# http://theme.archives.go.kr/next/common/viewEbook.do?singleData=N&archiveEventId=0027977557 26102c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 1956-09-29 without specifying time 26112c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# http://theme.archives.go.kr/next/common/viewEbook.do?singleData=N&archiveEventId=0027978341 26122c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 1957-09-21 24 o'clock 26132c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# http://theme.archives.go.kr/next/common/viewEbook.do?singleData=N&archiveEventId=0027979690#3 26142c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 1958-09-20 24 o'clock 26152c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# http://theme.archives.go.kr/next/common/viewEbook.do?singleData=N&archiveEventId=0027981189 26162c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 1959-09-19 24 o'clock 26172c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# http://theme.archives.go.kr/next/common/viewEbook.do?singleData=N&archiveEventId=0027982974#2 26182c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 1960-09-17 24 o'clock 26192c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# http://theme.archives.go.kr/next/common/viewEbook.do?singleData=N&archiveEventId=0028044104 26202c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# ... 26212c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 2.... https://namu.wiki/w/대한민국%20표준시 ... [says] 26222c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# when Korea was using GMT+8:30 as standard time, the international 26232c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# aviation/marine/meteorological industry in the country refused to 26242c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# follow and continued to use GMT+9:00 for interoperability. 26252c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 26262c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 262712a899b6SPhilip Paeps# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2628d61d836cSEdwin GroothuisRule ROK 1948 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 26292c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule ROK 1948 only - Sep 12 24:00 0 S 2630d61d836cSEdwin GroothuisRule ROK 1949 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 D 26312c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule ROK 1949 1951 - Sep Sat>=7 24:00 0 S 2632d61d836cSEdwin GroothuisRule ROK 1950 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 2633d61d836cSEdwin GroothuisRule ROK 1951 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 D 2634d61d836cSEdwin GroothuisRule ROK 1955 only - May 5 0:00 1:00 D 26352c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule ROK 1955 only - Sep 8 24:00 0 S 2636d61d836cSEdwin GroothuisRule ROK 1956 only - May 20 0:00 1:00 D 26372c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule ROK 1956 only - Sep 29 24:00 0 S 2638d61d836cSEdwin GroothuisRule ROK 1957 1960 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D 26392c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule ROK 1957 1960 - Sep Sat>=17 24:00 0 S 2640d61d836cSEdwin GroothuisRule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D 2641d61d836cSEdwin GroothuisRule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun>=8 3:00 0 S 26421315084cSEdwin Groothuis 26438fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# From Paul Eggert (2016-08-23): 2644d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# The Korean Wikipedia entry gives the following sources for UT offsets: 2645d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# 26468fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 1908: Official Journal Article No. 3994 (decree No. 5) 2647d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# 1912: Governor-General of Korea Official Gazette Issue No. 367 2648d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# (Announcement No. 338) 2649d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# 1954: Presidential Decree No. 876 (1954-03-17) 2650d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# 1961: Law No. 676 (1961-08-07) 2651d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# 26528fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# (Another source "1987: Law No. 3919 (1986-12-31)" was in the 2014-10-30 26538fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# edition of the Korean Wikipedia entry.) 2654d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# 2655d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# I guessed that time zone abbreviations through 1945 followed the same 2656eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# rules as discussed under Taiwan, with nominal switches from JST to KST 2657eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# when the respective cities were taken over by the Allies after WWII. 2658d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# 26598fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# For Pyongyang, guess no changes from World War II until 2015, as we 26608fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# have no information otherwise. 2661eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov 26626790a258SEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2015-08-07): 26636790a258SEdwin Groothuis# According to many news sources, North Korea is going to change to 26646790a258SEdwin Groothuis# the 8:30 time zone on August 15, one example: 26656790a258SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-33815049 26666790a258SEdwin Groothuis# 26672d9bf4ceSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2015-08-15): 26682d9bf4ceSEdwin Groothuis# Bells rang out midnight (00:00) Friday as part of the celebrations. See: 26692d9bf4ceSEdwin Groothuis# Talmadge E. North Korea celebrates new time zone, 'Pyongyang Time' 26702d9bf4ceSEdwin Groothuis# http://news.yahoo.com/north-korea-celebrates-time-zone-pyongyang-time-164038128.html 26716790a258SEdwin Groothuis# There is no common English-language abbreviation for this time zone. 26722d9bf4ceSEdwin Groothuis# Use KST, as that's what we already use for 1954-1961 in ROK. 26736790a258SEdwin Groothuis 2674d81c2dd9SPhilip Paeps# From Kang Seonghoon (2018-04-29): 2675d81c2dd9SPhilip Paeps# North Korea will revert its time zone from UTC+8:30 (PYT; Pyongyang 2676d81c2dd9SPhilip Paeps# Time) back to UTC+9 (KST; Korea Standard Time). 2677d81c2dd9SPhilip Paeps# 2678d81c2dd9SPhilip Paeps# From Seo Sanghyeon (2018-04-30): 2679d81c2dd9SPhilip Paeps# Rodong Sinmun 2018-04-30 announced Pyongyang Time transition plan. 2680d81c2dd9SPhilip Paeps# https://www.nknews.org/kcna/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2018/04/rodong-2018-04-30.pdf 2681d81c2dd9SPhilip Paeps# ... the transition date is 2018-05-05 ... Citation should be Decree 2682d81c2dd9SPhilip Paeps# No. 2232 of April 30, 2018, of the Presidium of the Supreme People's 2683d81c2dd9SPhilip Paeps# Assembly, as published in Rodong Sinmun. 2684d81c2dd9SPhilip Paeps# From Tim Parenti (2018-04-29): 2685d81c2dd9SPhilip Paeps# It appears to be the front page story at the top in the right-most column. 268689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 268789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2018-05-04): 268889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# The BBC reported that the transition was from 23:30 to 24:00 today. 268989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-44010705 2690d81c2dd9SPhilip Paeps 26912865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2692d61d836cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1908 Apr 1 2693d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis 8:30 - KST 1912 Jan 1 2694eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 8 2695798c0c0bSPhilip Paeps 9:00 ROK K%sT 1954 Mar 21 2696d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis 8:30 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10 26971315084cSEdwin Groothuis 9:00 ROK K%sT 2698d61d836cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1908 Apr 1 2699d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis 8:30 - KST 1912 Jan 1 2700eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 24 27012d9bf4ceSEdwin Groothuis 9:00 - KST 2015 Aug 15 00:00 270289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps 8:30 - KST 2018 May 4 23:30 2703d81c2dd9SPhilip Paeps 9:00 - KST 27041315084cSEdwin Groothuis 27051315084cSEdwin Groothuis 27061315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Lebanon 27072084f6a4SPhilip Paeps# 27082084f6a4SPhilip Paeps# From Saadallah Itani (2023-03-23): 27099fbeeb6eSPhilip Paeps# Lebanon ... announced today delay of Spring forward from March 25 to April 20. 27109fbeeb6eSPhilip Paeps# 27119fbeeb6eSPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2023-03-27): 27129fbeeb6eSPhilip Paeps# This announcement was by the Lebanese caretaker prime minister Najib Mikati. 27132084f6a4SPhilip Paeps# https://www.mtv.com.lb/en/News/Local/1352516/lebanon-postpones-daylight-saving-time-adoption 27149fbeeb6eSPhilip Paeps# A video was later leaked to the media of parliament speaker Nabih Berri 27159fbeeb6eSPhilip Paeps# asking Mikati to postpone DST to aid observance of Ramadan, Mikati objecting 27169fbeeb6eSPhilip Paeps# that this would cause problems such as scheduling airline flights, to which 27179fbeeb6eSPhilip Paeps# Berri interjected, "What flights?" 27189fbeeb6eSPhilip Paeps# 27199fbeeb6eSPhilip Paeps# The change was controversial and led to a partly-sectarian divide. 27209fbeeb6eSPhilip Paeps# Many Lebanese institutions, including the education ministry, the Maronite 27219fbeeb6eSPhilip Paeps# church, and two news channels LCBI and MTV, ignored the announcement and 27229fbeeb6eSPhilip Paeps# went ahead with the long-scheduled spring-forward on March 25/26, some 27239fbeeb6eSPhilip Paeps# arguing that the prime minister had not followed the law because the change 27249fbeeb6eSPhilip Paeps# had not been approved by the cabinet. Google went with the announcement; 27259fbeeb6eSPhilip Paeps# Apple ignored it. At least one bank followed the announcement for its doors, 27269fbeeb6eSPhilip Paeps# but ignored the announcement in internal computer systems. 27279fbeeb6eSPhilip Paeps# Beirut international airport listed two times for each departure. 27289fbeeb6eSPhilip Paeps# Dan Azzi wrote "My view is that this whole thing is a Dumb and Dumber movie." 27299fbeeb6eSPhilip Paeps# Eventually the prime minister backed down, said the cabinet had decided to 27309fbeeb6eSPhilip Paeps# stick with its 1998 decision, and that DST would begin midnight March 29/30. 27319fbeeb6eSPhilip Paeps# https://www.nna-leb.gov.lb/en/miscellaneous/604093/lebanon-has-two-times-of-day-amid-daylight-savings 27329fbeeb6eSPhilip Paeps# https://www.cnbc.com/2023/03/27/lebanon-in-two-different-time-zones-as-government-disagrees-on-daylight-savings.html 27339fbeeb6eSPhilip Paeps# 27349fbeeb6eSPhilip Paeps# Although we could model the chaos with two Zones, that would likely cause 27359fbeeb6eSPhilip Paeps# more trouble than it would cure. Since so many manual clocks and 27369fbeeb6eSPhilip Paeps# computer-based timestamps ignored the announcement, stick with official 27379fbeeb6eSPhilip Paeps# cabinet resolutions in the data while recording the prime minister's 27389fbeeb6eSPhilip Paeps# announcement as a comment. This is how we treated a similar situation in 27399fbeeb6eSPhilip Paeps# Rio de Janeiro in spring 1993. 27402084f6a4SPhilip Paeps# 274112a899b6SPhilip Paeps# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 27421315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S 27431315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 - 27441315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 27451315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 27461315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 27471315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 27481315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S 27491315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 27501315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 27511315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 27521315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S 27531315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 27541315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 27551315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 27561315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 27571315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 27581315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 - 27591315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 27601315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 27611315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 27621315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - 27639fbeeb6eSPhilip PaepsRule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 27641315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 27651315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 27669fbeeb6eSPhilip Paeps# This one-time rule, announced by the prime minister first for April 21 27679fbeeb6eSPhilip Paeps# then for March 30, is commented out for reasons described above. 27689fbeeb6eSPhilip Paeps#Rule Lebanon 2023 only - Mar 30 0:00 1:00 S 27699fbeeb6eSPhilip Paeps 27702865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 27711315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880 27721315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT 27731315084cSEdwin Groothuis 27749142a2a3SPhilip Paeps# Brunei 27759142a2a3SPhilip Paeps# Malaysia (eastern) 27769142a2a3SPhilip Paeps# 277712a899b6SPhilip Paeps# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 277846bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 - 27791315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 - 27801315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 27819f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# For peninsular Malaysia see Asia/Singapore. 27829f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# 27831315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Sabah & Sarawak 27847ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2014-08-12): 27857ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# The data entries here are mostly from Shanks & Pottenger, but the 1942, 1945 27867ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# and 1982 transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng. 27872865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 27881315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar 2789dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:30 - +0730 1933 2790dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 8:00 NBorneo +08/+0820 1942 Feb 16 2791dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 12 2792dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 8:00 - +08 27931315084cSEdwin Groothuis 27941315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Maldives 27952865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2796f2fcff28SPhilip PaepsZone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Malé 2797f2fcff28SPhilip Paeps 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Malé Mean Time 2798dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 27991315084cSEdwin Groothuis 28001315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Mongolia 28011315084cSEdwin Groothuis 28021315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Shanks & Pottenger say that Mongolia has three time zones, but 2803eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# The USNO (1995-12-21) and the CIA map Standard Time Zones of the World 2804eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# (2005-03) both say that it has just one. 28051315084cSEdwin Groothuis 28061315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11): 28071315084cSEdwin Groothuis# General Information Mongolia 2808eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# <http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm> (1999-09) 28091315084cSEdwin Groothuis# "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of 2810eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Bayan-Ölgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and 28111315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus 28121315084cSEdwin Groothuis# eight hours." 28131315084cSEdwin Groothuis 28141315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Rives McDow (1999-12-13): 28151315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998 28161315084cSEdwin Groothuis# being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am 28171315084cSEdwin Groothuis# unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time 28181315084cSEdwin Groothuis# of implementation may have been different.... 28191315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time 28201315084cSEdwin Groothuis# zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod, 2821eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Sükhbaatar, and possibly Khentii. 28221315084cSEdwin Groothuis 28231315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15): 28241315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia. 28251315084cSEdwin Groothuis# We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone; 28261315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us, 28271315084cSEdwin Groothuis# and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd 28281315084cSEdwin Groothuis# is good enough for our purposes. 28291315084cSEdwin Groothuis 28301315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Rives McDow (2001-05-13): 28311315084cSEdwin Groothuis# In addition to Mongolia starting daylight savings as reported earlier 28321315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (adopted DST on 2001-04-27 02:00 local time, ending 2001-09-28), 28331315084cSEdwin Groothuis# there are three time zones. 28341315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2835eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Provinces [at 7:00]: Bayan-Ölgii, Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, Govi-Altai 2836eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Provinces [at 8:00]: Khövsgöl, Bulgan, Arkhangai, Khentii, Töv, 2837eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Bayankhongor, Övörkhangai, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Ömnögovi 2838eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Provinces [at 9:00]: Dornod, Sükhbaatar 28391315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 28401315084cSEdwin Groothuis# [The province of Selenge is omitted from the above lists.] 28411315084cSEdwin Groothuis 28421315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Ganbold Ts., Ulaanbaatar (2004-04-17): 28431315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Daylight saving occurs at 02:00 local time last Saturday of March. 28441315084cSEdwin Groothuis# It will change back to normal at 02:00 local time last Saturday of 28451315084cSEdwin Groothuis# September.... As I remember this rule was changed in 2001. 28461315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 28471315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2004-04-17): 28481315084cSEdwin Groothuis# For now, assume Rives McDow's informant got confused about Friday vs 28491315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Saturday, and that his 2001 dates should have 1 added to them. 28501315084cSEdwin Groothuis 28511315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26): 28521315084cSEdwin Groothuis# We have wildly conflicting information about Mongolia's time zones. 28531315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Bill Bonnet (2005-05-19) reports that the US Embassy in Ulaanbaatar says 28541315084cSEdwin Groothuis# there is only one time zone and that DST is observed, citing Microsoft 2855eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Windows XP as the source. Risto Nykänen (2005-05-16) reports that 28568fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# travelmongolia.org says there are two time zones (UT +07, +08) with no DST. 28571315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-20) reports that the Mongolian Embassy in 28581315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Washington, DC says there are two time zones, with DST observed. 28591315084cSEdwin Groothuis# He also found 28607ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?subaction=showcomments&id=1111634894&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1& 28611315084cSEdwin Groothuis# which also says that there is DST, and which has a comment by "Toddius" 28621315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (2005-03-31 06:05 +0700) saying "Mongolia actually has 3.5 time zones. 28631315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The West (OLGII) is +7 GMT, most of the country is ULAT is +8 GMT 2864eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# and some Eastern provinces are +9 GMT but Sükhbaatar Aimag is SUHK +8.5 GMT. 28651315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The SUKH timezone is new this year, it is one of the few things the 28661315084cSEdwin Groothuis# parliament passed during the tumultuous winter session." 28671315084cSEdwin Groothuis# For now, let's ignore this information, until we have more confirmation. 28681315084cSEdwin Groothuis 28691315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Ganbold Ts. (2007-02-26): 28701315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Parliament of Mongolia has just changed the daylight-saving rule in February. 28711315084cSEdwin Groothuis# They decided not to adopt daylight-saving time.... 28721315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.mongolnews.mn/index.php?module=unuudur&sec=view&id=15742 28731315084cSEdwin Groothuis 28741315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Deborah Goldsmith (2008-03-30): 28751315084cSEdwin Groothuis# We received a bug report claiming that the tz database UTC offset for 28761315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Asia/Choibalsan (GMT+09:00) is incorrect, and that it should be GMT 28771315084cSEdwin Groothuis# +08:00 instead. Different sources appear to disagree with the tz 28781315084cSEdwin Groothuis# database on this, e.g.: 28791315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 28808d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026 28811315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx 28821315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 28831315084cSEdwin Groothuis# both say GMT+08:00. 28841315084cSEdwin Groothuis 28851315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-31): 28861315084cSEdwin Groothuis# eznis airways, which operates several domestic flights, has a flight 28871315084cSEdwin Groothuis# schedule here: 28881315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112 28891315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (click the English flag for English) 28901315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2891eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# There it appears that flights between Choibalsan and Ulaanbaatar arrive 28921315084cSEdwin Groothuis# about 1:35 - 1:50 hours later in local clock time, no matter the 2893eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# direction, while Ulaanbaatar-Khovd takes 2 hours in the Eastern 2894eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# direction and 3:35 back, which indicates that Ulaanbaatar and Khovd are 28951315084cSEdwin Groothuis# in different time zones (like we know about), while Choibalsan and 2896eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Ulaanbaatar are in the same time zone (correction needed). 28971315084cSEdwin Groothuis 28981315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 28991315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Assume that Choibalsan is indeed offset by 8:00. 29001315084cSEdwin Groothuis# XXX--in the absence of better information, assume that transition 29011315084cSEdwin Groothuis# was at the start of 2008-03-31 (the day of Steffen Thorsen's report); 29021315084cSEdwin Groothuis# this is almost surely wrong. 29031315084cSEdwin Groothuis 290474d26aa7SEdwin Groothuis# From Ganbold Tsagaankhuu (2015-03-10): 290574d26aa7SEdwin Groothuis# It seems like yesterday Mongolian Government meeting has concluded to use 290674d26aa7SEdwin Groothuis# daylight saving time in Mongolia.... Starting at 2:00AM of last Saturday of 290774d26aa7SEdwin Groothuis# March 2015, daylight saving time starts. And 00:00AM of last Saturday of 290874d26aa7SEdwin Groothuis# September daylight saving time ends. Source: 290974d26aa7SEdwin Groothuis# http://zasag.mn/news/view/8969 291074d26aa7SEdwin Groothuis 291112a899b6SPhilip Paeps# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 291246bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Mongol 1983 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 - 29131315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Mongol 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 29141315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Shanks & Pottenger and IATA SSIM say 1990s switches occurred at 00:00, 29151315084cSEdwin Groothuis# but McDow says the 2001 switches occurred at 02:00. Also, IATA SSIM 29161315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks & Pottenger through 1998. 29171315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 29181315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Shanks & Pottenger say that the Sept. 1984 through Sept. 1990 switches 2919eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# in Choibalsan (more precisely, in Dornod and Sükhbaatar) took place 29201315084cSEdwin Groothuis# at 02:00 standard time, not at 00:00 local time as in the rest of 29211315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the country. That would be odd, and possibly is a result of their 29221315084cSEdwin Groothuis# correction of 02:00 (in the previous edition) not being done correctly 29231315084cSEdwin Groothuis# in the latest edition; so ignore it for now. 29241315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2925dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# From Ganbold Tsagaankhuu (2017-02-09): 2926dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# Mongolian Government meeting has concluded today to cancel daylight 2927dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# saving time adoption in Mongolia. Source: http://zasag.mn/news/view/16192 2928dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 292946bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Mongol 1985 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 - 29301315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Mongol 1984 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 29311315084cSEdwin Groothuis# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST. 293246bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Mongol 2001 only - Apr lastSat 2:00 1:00 - 29331315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Mongol 2001 2006 - Sep lastSat 2:00 0 - 293446bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Mongol 2002 2006 - Mar lastSat 2:00 1:00 - 293546bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Mongol 2015 2016 - Mar lastSat 2:00 1:00 - 2936dc135c6eSBaptiste DaroussinRule Mongol 2015 2016 - Sep lastSat 0:00 0 - 29371315084cSEdwin Groothuis 29382865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 29391315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta 29401315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug 2941dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 - +06 1978 2942dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:00 Mongol +07/+08 29431315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga 29441315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug 2945dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:00 - +07 1978 2946dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 8:00 Mongol +08/+09 29477ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tümen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan, 29481315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan 29491315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug 2950dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:00 - +07 1978 2951dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 8:00 - +08 1983 Apr 2952dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 9:00 Mongol +09/+10 2008 Mar 31 2953dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 8:00 Mongol +08/+09 29541315084cSEdwin Groothuis 29551315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Nepal 29562865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 29571315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Kathmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920 2958dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 5:30 - +0530 1986 2959dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 5:45 - +0545 29601315084cSEdwin Groothuis 29611315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Pakistan 29621315084cSEdwin Groothuis 29631315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Rives McDow (2002-03-13): 29641315084cSEdwin Groothuis# I have been advised that Pakistan has decided to adopt dst on a 29651315084cSEdwin Groothuis# TRIAL basis for one year, starting 00:01 local time on April 7, 2002 29661315084cSEdwin Groothuis# and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002. This is what I was 29671315084cSEdwin Groothuis# told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the 29681315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on. 29691315084cSEdwin Groothuis 29701315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15): 2971eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Jesper Nørgaard found this URL: 29721315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm 29731315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to 29741315084cSEdwin Groothuis# advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first 29751315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on 29761315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 15th October each year". This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00, 29771315084cSEdwin Groothuis# but disagrees about the October transition, and makes it sound like 29781315084cSEdwin Groothuis# it's not on a trial basis. Also, the "between the first Saturday 29791315084cSEdwin Groothuis# and Sunday of April" phrase, if taken literally, means that the 29801315084cSEdwin Groothuis# transition takes place at 00:00 on the first Sunday on or after 04-02. 29811315084cSEdwin Groothuis 29821315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): 29831315084cSEdwin Groothuis# DAWN <http://www.dawn.com/2002/10/06/top13.htm> reported on 2002-10-05 29841315084cSEdwin Groothuis# that 2002 DST ended that day at midnight. Go with McDow for now. 29851315084cSEdwin Groothuis 29861315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2003-03-14): 29871315084cSEdwin Groothuis# According to http://www.dawn.com/2003/03/07/top15.htm 29881315084cSEdwin Groothuis# there will be no DST in Pakistan this year: 29891315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 29901315084cSEdwin Groothuis# ISLAMABAD, March 6: Information and Media Development Minister Sheikh 29911315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Rashid Ahmed on Thursday said the cabinet had reversed a previous 29921315084cSEdwin Groothuis# decision to advance clocks by one hour in summer and put them back by 29931315084cSEdwin Groothuis# one hour in winter with the aim of saving light hours and energy. 29941315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 29951315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The minister told a news conference that the experiment had rather 29961315084cSEdwin Groothuis# shown 8 per cent higher consumption of electricity. 29971315084cSEdwin Groothuis 29981315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-15): 29991315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 30001315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Here is an article that Pakistan plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time 30011315084cSEdwin Groothuis# on June 1, 2008 for 3 months. 30021315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 30037ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# "... The federal cabinet on Wednesday announced a new conservation plan to 30047ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# help reduce load shedding by approving the closure of commercial centres at 30057ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# 9pm and moving clocks forward by one hour for the next three months. ...." 30061315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 30078d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html 3008259e2ad7SPhilip Paeps# http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008\05\15\story_15-5-2008_pg1_4 30091315084cSEdwin Groothuis 30101315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 30111315084cSEdwin Groothuis# XXX--midnight transitions is a guess; 2008 only is a guess. 30121315084cSEdwin Groothuis 30131315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 30141315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Pakistan government has decided to keep the watches one-hour advanced 3015eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# for another 2 months - plan to return to Standard Time on October 31 30161315084cSEdwin Groothuis# instead of August 31. 30171315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 30181315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html 30191315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html 30201315084cSEdwin Groothuis 30211315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-04-08): 30221315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Based on previous media reports that "... proposed plan to 30231315084cSEdwin Groothuis# advance clocks by one hour from May 1 will cause disturbance 30241315084cSEdwin Groothuis# to the working schedules rather than bringing discipline in 30251315084cSEdwin Groothuis# official working." 30261315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280 30271315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 30281315084cSEdwin Groothuis# recent news that instead of May 2009 - Pakistan plan to 30291315084cSEdwin Groothuis# introduce DST from April 15, 2009 30301315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 30311315084cSEdwin Groothuis# FYI: Associated Press Of Pakistan 30321315084cSEdwin Groothuis# April 08, 2009 30331315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Cabinet okays proposal to advance clocks by one hour from April 15 30341315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1 30351315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html 30361315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 30371315084cSEdwin Groothuis# .... 30381315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The Federal Cabinet on Wednesday approved the proposal to 30391315084cSEdwin Groothuis# advance clocks in the country by one hour from April 15 to 30401315084cSEdwin Groothuis# conserve energy" 30411315084cSEdwin Groothuis 30421315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-17): 30431315084cSEdwin Groothuis# "The News International," Pakistan reports that: "The Federal 30441315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Government has decided to restore the previous time by moving the 30451315084cSEdwin Groothuis# clocks backward by one hour from October 1. A formal announcement to 30461315084cSEdwin Groothuis# this effect will be made after the Prime Minister grants approval in 30471315084cSEdwin Groothuis# this regard." 30481315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.thenews.com.pk/updates.asp?id=87168 30491315084cSEdwin Groothuis 30501315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-28): 30511315084cSEdwin Groothuis# According to Associated Press Of Pakistan, it is confirmed that 30527ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# Pakistan clocks across the country would be turned back by an hour from 30537ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# October 1, 2009. 30541315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 30551315084cSEdwin Groothuis# "Clocks to go back one hour from 1 Oct" 30561315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=86715&Itemid=2 30571315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan07.htm 30581315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 30597ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-29): 30601315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Now they seem to have changed their mind, November 1 is the new date: 30611315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.thenews.com.pk/top_story_detail.asp?Id=24742 30621315084cSEdwin Groothuis# "The country's clocks will be reversed by one hour on November 1. 30631315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Officials of Federal Ministry for Interior told this to Geo News on 30641315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Monday." 30651315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 30661315084cSEdwin Groothuis# And more importantly, it seems that these dates will be kept every year: 30671315084cSEdwin Groothuis# "It has now been decided that clocks will be wound forward by one hour 30681315084cSEdwin Groothuis# on April 15 and reversed by an hour on November 1 every year without 30691315084cSEdwin Groothuis# obtaining prior approval, the officials added." 30701315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 30711315084cSEdwin Groothuis# We have confirmed this year's end date with both with the Ministry of 30721315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Water and Power and the Pakistan Electric Power Company: 30738d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/pakistan-ends-dst09.html 30741315084cSEdwin Groothuis 3075eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From Christoph Göhre (2009-10-01): 30761315084cSEdwin Groothuis# [T]he German Consulate General in Karachi reported me today that Pakistan 30771315084cSEdwin Groothuis# will go back to standard time on 1st of November. 30781315084cSEdwin Groothuis 3079696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-26): 3080696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# Steffen Thorsen wrote: 3081696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# > On Thursday (2010-03-25) it was announced that DST would start in 3082696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# > Pakistan on 2010-04-01. 3083696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# > 3084696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# > Then today, the president said that they might have to revert the 3085696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# > decision if it is not supported by the parliament. So at the time 3086696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# > being, it seems unclear if DST will be actually observed or not - but 3087696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# > April 1 could be a more likely date than April 15. 3088696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# Now, it seems that the decision to not observe DST in final: 3089696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# 3090696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# "Govt Withdraws Plan To Advance Clocks" 3091696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.apakistannews.com/govt-withdraws-plan-to-advance-clocks-172041 3092696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# 3093696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# "People laud PM's announcement to end DST" 3094696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=99374&Itemid=2 3095696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis 309612a899b6SPhilip Paeps# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 30978fdf5721SBaptiste DaroussinRule Pakistan 2002 only - Apr Sun>=2 0:00 1:00 S 30988fdf5721SBaptiste DaroussinRule Pakistan 2002 only - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0 - 30991315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Pakistan 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 31007ce0f064SEdwin GroothuisRule Pakistan 2008 2009 - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 3101696dd8f4SEdwin GroothuisRule Pakistan 2009 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 3102696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis 31032865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 31041315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907 3105dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 5:30 - +0530 1942 Sep 3106dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 5:30 1:00 +0630 1945 Oct 15 3107dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 5:30 - +0530 1951 Sep 30 3108dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 1971 Mar 26 31091315084cSEdwin Groothuis 5:00 Pakistan PK%sT # Pakistan Time 31101315084cSEdwin Groothuis 31111315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Palestine 31121315084cSEdwin Groothuis 31131315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Amos Shapir (1998-02-15): 31141315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 31151315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now 31161315084cSEdwin Groothuis# known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule. 31171315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too... 31181315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 31191315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05 31201315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no 31211315084cSEdwin Groothuis# time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt, 31221315084cSEdwin Groothuis# though. 31231315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 31241315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally 31251315084cSEdwin Groothuis# annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from 31261315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the 31271315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major 31281315084cSEdwin Groothuis# towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and 31291315084cSEdwin Groothuis# East Jerusalem. 31301315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 31311315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except 31321315084cSEdwin Groothuis# for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might 31331315084cSEdwin Groothuis# have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware 31341315084cSEdwin Groothuis# of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer 31351315084cSEdwin Groothuis# time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected). 31361315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 31371315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most 31381315084cSEdwin Groothuis# towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to 31391315084cSEdwin Groothuis# demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to 31401315084cSEdwin Groothuis# summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't 31411315084cSEdwin Groothuis# know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the 31421315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Jordanian one). 31431315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 31441315084cSEdwin Groothuis# To summarize, the table should probably look something like that: 31451315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 31461315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996- 31471315084cSEdwin Groothuis# ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------- 31481315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion 31491315084cSEdwin Groothuis# West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan 31501315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan 31511315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 31521315084cSEdwin Groothuis# I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they 31531315084cSEdwin Groothuis# have one). 31541315084cSEdwin Groothuis 31551315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 31561315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Shanks & Pottenger write that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but go 31571315084cSEdwin Groothuis# with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947, 31581315084cSEdwin Groothuis# and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996. 31591315084cSEdwin Groothuis# We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since 31601315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about 31611315084cSEdwin Groothuis# occurred before our cutoff date of 1970. 31621315084cSEdwin Groothuis# However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries 31631315084cSEdwin Groothuis# for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules 3164f09b8c49SEdwin Groothuis# to Palestine's rules. 31651315084cSEdwin Groothuis 31661315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time, 31671315084cSEdwin Groothuis# forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg: 31681315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 31691315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time 31701315084cSEdwin Groothuis# last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks 31711315084cSEdwin Groothuis# one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule, 31721315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the PA has decided to implement DST in April. 31731315084cSEdwin Groothuis 31741315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20): 3175eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Daoud Kuttab writes in Holiday havoc 31767ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html 3177eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that 31781315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15. 31791315084cSEdwin Groothuis# I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source). 31801315084cSEdwin Groothuis# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00, 31811315084cSEdwin Groothuis# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October. 31821315084cSEdwin Groothuis 31831315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 31841315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Starting 2004 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 31851315084cSEdwin Groothuis 31861315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 31871315084cSEdwin Groothuis# A user from Gaza reported that Gaza made the change early because of 31881315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the Ramadan. Next year Ramadan will be even earlier, so I think 31891315084cSEdwin Groothuis# there is a good chance next year's end date will be around two weeks 3190eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# earlier - the same goes for Jordan. 31911315084cSEdwin Groothuis 31921315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17): 31931315084cSEdwin Groothuis# I was informed by a user in Bethlehem that in Bethlehem it started the 31941315084cSEdwin Groothuis# same day as Israel, and after checking with other users in the area, I 31951315084cSEdwin Groothuis# was informed that they started DST one day after Israel. I was not 31961315084cSEdwin Groothuis# able to find any authoritative sources at the time, nor details if 31971315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Gaza changed as well, but presumed Gaza to follow the same rules as 31981315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the West Bank. 31991315084cSEdwin Groothuis 32001315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-26): 32011315084cSEdwin Groothuis# according to the Palestine News Network (2006-09-19): 32021315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://english.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=596&Itemid=5 32031315084cSEdwin Groothuis# > The Council of Ministers announced that this year its winter schedule 32041315084cSEdwin Groothuis# > will begin early, as of midnight Thursday. It is also time to turn 32051315084cSEdwin Groothuis# > back the clocks for winter. Friday will begin an hour late this week. 32061315084cSEdwin Groothuis# I guess it is likely that next year's date will be moved as well, 32071315084cSEdwin Groothuis# because of the Ramadan. 32081315084cSEdwin Groothuis 3209eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2007-09-18): 32101315084cSEdwin Groothuis# According to Steffen Thorsen's web site the Gaza Strip and the rest of the 32111315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Palestinian territories left DST early on 13.th. of September at 2:00. 32121315084cSEdwin Groothuis 32131315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2007-09-20): 32141315084cSEdwin Groothuis# My understanding is that Gaza and the West Bank disagree even over when 32151315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the weekend is (Thursday+Friday versus Friday+Saturday), so I'd be a bit 32161315084cSEdwin Groothuis# surprised if they agreed about DST. But for now, assume they agree. 32171315084cSEdwin Groothuis# For lack of better information, predict that future changes will be 32181315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the 2nd Thursday of September at 02:00. 32191315084cSEdwin Groothuis 32201315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 32211315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Here is an article, that Mideast running on different clocks at Ramadan. 32221315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 32231315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Gaza Strip (as Egypt) ended DST at midnight Thursday (Aug 28, 2008), while 32241315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the West Bank will end Daylight Saving Time at midnight Sunday (Aug 31, 2008). 32251315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 32261315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001 32271315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087 32281315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html 32291315084cSEdwin Groothuis 32301315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-26): 32311315084cSEdwin Groothuis# According to the Palestine News Network (arabic.pnn.ps), Palestinian 32321315084cSEdwin Groothuis# government decided to start Daylight Time on Thursday night March 32331315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 26 and continue until the night of 27 September 2009. 32341315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 32351315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (in Arabic) 32361315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850 32371315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 32381315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (English translation) 32391315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html 32401315084cSEdwin Groothuis 32411315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-31): 32421315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Palestine's Council of Ministers announced that they will revert back to 32431315084cSEdwin Groothuis# winter time on Friday, 2009-09-04. 32441315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 32451315084cSEdwin Groothuis# One news source: 32461315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.safa.ps/ara/?action=showdetail&seid=4158 32471315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (Palestinian press agency, Arabic), 32481315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Google translate: "Decided that the Palestinian government in Ramallah 32491315084cSEdwin Groothuis# headed by Salam Fayyad, the start of work in time for the winter of 32501315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2009, starting on Friday approved the fourth delay Sept. clock sixty 32511315084cSEdwin Groothuis# minutes per hour as of Friday morning." 32521315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 32531315084cSEdwin Groothuis# We are not sure if Gaza will do the same, last year they had a different 32541315084cSEdwin Groothuis# end date, we will keep this page updated: 32558d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-dst-2009.html 32561315084cSEdwin Groothuis 32571315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-02): 32581315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Seems that Gaza Strip will go back to Winter Time same date as West Bank. 32591315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 32601315084cSEdwin Groothuis# According to Palestinian Ministry Of Interior, West Bank and Gaza Strip plan 32611315084cSEdwin Groothuis# to change time back to Standard time on September 4, 2009. 32621315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 32631315084cSEdwin Groothuis# "Winter time unite the West Bank and Gaza" 32641315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (from Palestinian National Authority): 32651315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.moi.gov.ps/en/?page=633167343250594025&nid=11505 32661315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip02.html 32671315084cSEdwin Groothuis 3268ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-19): 3269ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# According to Voice of Palestine DST will last for 191 days, from March 3270ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# 26, 2010 till "the last Sunday before the tenth day of Tishri 3271ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# (October), each year" (October 03, 2010?) 3272ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# 3273ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# http://palvoice.org/forums/showthread.php?t=245697 3274ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# (in Arabic) 3275ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank03.html 3276ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis 3277ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-24): 3278ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# ...Ma'an News Agency reports that Hamas cabinet has decided it will 3279ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# start one day later, at 12:01am. Not sure if they really mean 12:01am or 3280ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# noon though: 3281ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# 3282ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=271178 3283ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# (Ma'an News Agency) 3284ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# "At 12:01am Friday, clocks in Israel and the West Bank will change to 3285ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# 1:01am, while Gaza clocks will change at 12:01am Saturday morning." 3286ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis 32877d2cde9fSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-08-11): 32887d2cde9fSEdwin Groothuis# According to several sources, including 32897d2cde9fSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=306795 32907d2cde9fSEdwin Groothuis# the clocks were set back one hour at 2010-08-11 00:00:00 local time in 32917d2cde9fSEdwin Groothuis# Gaza and the West Bank. 32927d2cde9fSEdwin Groothuis# Some more background info: 32938d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-end-dst-2010.html 32947d2cde9fSEdwin Groothuis 3295958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-08-26): 3296958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# Gaza and the West Bank did go back to standard time in the beginning of 3297958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# August, and will now enter daylight saving time again on 2011-08-30 3298958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# 00:00 (so two periods of DST in 2011). The pause was because of 3299958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# Ramadan. 3300958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# 3301958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=416217 3302958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# Additional info: 33038d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/palestine-dst-2011.html 3304958890b7SEdwin Groothuis 3305958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-08-27): 3306958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# According to the article in The Jerusalem Post: 3307958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# "...Earlier this month, the Palestinian government in the West Bank decided to 3308958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# move to standard time for 30 days, during Ramadan. The Palestinians in the 3309958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# Gaza Strip accepted the change and also moved their clocks one hour back. 3310958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# The Hamas government said on Saturday that it won't observe summertime after 3311958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# the Muslim feast of Id al-Fitr, which begins on Tuesday..." 3312958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# ... 33138d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=235650 3314958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip05.html 3315eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# The rules for Egypt are stolen from the 'africa' file. 3316958890b7SEdwin Groothuis 3317958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-09-30): 3318958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# West Bank did end Daylight Saving Time this morning/midnight (2011-09-30 3319958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# 00:00). 3320958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# So West Bank and Gaza now have the same time again. 3321958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# 3322958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# Many sources, including: 3323958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=424808 3324958890b7SEdwin Groothuis 33253797824cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-26): 33263797824cSEdwin Groothuis# Palestinian news sources tell that both Gaza and West Bank will start DST 33273797824cSEdwin Groothuis# on Friday (Thursday midnight, 2012-03-29 24:00). 33283797824cSEdwin Groothuis# Some of many sources in Arabic: 33293797824cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=122638 33303797824cSEdwin Groothuis# 3331259e2ad7SPhilip Paeps# http://safa.ps/details/news/74352/بدء-التوقيت-الصيفي-بالضفة-وغزة-ليلة-الجمعة.html 33323797824cSEdwin Groothuis# 33333797824cSEdwin Groothuis# Our brief summary: 33348d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/gaza-west-bank-dst-2012.html 33353797824cSEdwin Groothuis 3336b1fd06c7SEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-26): 3337b1fd06c7SEdwin Groothuis# The following news sources tells that Palestine will "start daylight saving 3338b1fd06c7SEdwin Groothuis# time from midnight on Friday, March 29, 2013" (translated). 3339b1fd06c7SEdwin Groothuis# [These are in Arabic and are for Gaza and for Ramallah, respectively.] 3340b1fd06c7SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=154120 3341259e2ad7SPhilip Paeps# http://safa.ps/details/news/99844/رام-الله-بدء-التوقيت-الصيفي-29-الجاري.html 3342b1fd06c7SEdwin Groothuis 3343c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-09-24): 3344c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# The Gaza and West Bank are ending DST Thursday at midnight 3345c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# (2013-09-27 00:00:00) (one hour earlier than last year...). 3346c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# This source in English, says "that winter time will go into effect 3347c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# at midnight on Thursday in the West Bank and Gaza Strip": 3348c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# http://english.wafa.ps/index.php?action=detail&id=23246 3349c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# official source...: 3350c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/ar/Views/ViewDetails.aspx?pid=1252 3351c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis 335274d26aa7SEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2015-03-03): 335374d26aa7SEdwin Groothuis# Sources such as http://www.alquds.com/news/article/view/id/548257 33548d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# and https://www.raya.ps/ar/news/890705.html say Palestine areas will 335574d26aa7SEdwin Groothuis# start DST on 2015-03-28 00:00 which is one day later than expected. 335674d26aa7SEdwin Groothuis# 335774d26aa7SEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2015-03-03): 33588d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.timeanddate.com/time/change/west-bank/ramallah?year=2014 335974d26aa7SEdwin Groothuis# says that the fall 2014 transition was Oct 23 at 24:00. 33603797824cSEdwin Groothuis 33618fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# From Hannah Kreitem (2016-03-09): 33628fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/WebSite/ar/ViewDetails?ID=31728 33638fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# [Google translation]: "The Council also decided to start daylight 33648fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# saving in Palestine as of one o'clock on Saturday morning, 33658fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 2016-03-26, to provide the clock 60 minutes ahead." 336636d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin 336736d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# From Sharef Mustafa (2016-10-19): 336836d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# [T]he Palestinian cabinet decision (Mar 8th 2016) published on 336936d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/WebSite/Upload/Decree/GOV_17/16032016134830.pdf 337036d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# states that summer time will end on Oct 29th at 01:00. 33718fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 337246bee4edSPhilip Paeps# From Sharef Mustafa (2018-03-16): 3373dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# Palestine summer time will start on Mar 24th 2018 ... 337446bee4edSPhilip Paeps# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/Website/AR/NDecrees/ViewFile.ashx?ID=e7a42ab7-ee23-435a-b9c8-a4f7e81f3817 3375ad48359aSPhilip Paeps 3376ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# From Even Scharning (2019-03-23): 33772865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# http://pnn.ps/news/401130 33782865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# http://palweather.ps/ar/node/50136.html 337946bee4edSPhilip Paeps# 33802865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# From Sharif Mustafa (2019-03-26): 33812865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# The Palestinian cabinet announced today that the switch to DST will 33822865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# be on Fri Mar 29th 2019 by advancing the clock by 60 minutes. 33832865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# http://palestinecabinet.gov.ps/Website/AR/NDecrees/ViewFile.ashx?ID=e54e9ea1-50ee-4137-84df-0d6c78da259b 33842865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# 33852865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# From Even Scharning (2019-04-10): 33862865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Our source in Palestine said it happened Friday 29 at 00:00 local time.... 3387dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps 3388dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# From Sharef Mustafa (2019-10-18): 3389dd5f96c4SPhilip Paeps# Palestine summer time will end on midnight Oct 26th 2019 ... 33903611c2d8SPhilip Paeps# 33913611c2d8SPhilip Paeps# From Steffen Thorsen (2020-10-20): 33923611c2d8SPhilip Paeps# Some sources such as these say, and display on clocks, that DST ended at 33933611c2d8SPhilip Paeps# midnight last year... 33943611c2d8SPhilip Paeps# https://www.amad.ps/ar/post/320006 33953611c2d8SPhilip Paeps# 33963611c2d8SPhilip Paeps# From Tim Parenti (2020-10-20): 33973611c2d8SPhilip Paeps# The report of the Palestinian Cabinet meeting of 2019-10-14 confirms 33983611c2d8SPhilip Paeps# a decision on (translated): "The start of the winter time in Palestine, by 33993611c2d8SPhilip Paeps# delaying the clock by sixty minutes, starting from midnight on Friday / 34003611c2d8SPhilip Paeps# Saturday corresponding to 26/10/2019." 34013611c2d8SPhilip Paeps# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/portal/meeting/details/43948 34023611c2d8SPhilip Paeps 34033611c2d8SPhilip Paeps# From Sharef Mustafa (2020-10-20): 34043611c2d8SPhilip Paeps# As per the palestinian cabinet announcement yesterday , the day light saving 34053611c2d8SPhilip Paeps# shall [end] on Oct 24th 2020 at 01:00AM by delaying the clock by 60 minutes. 34063611c2d8SPhilip Paeps# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/portal/Meeting/Details/51584 34073611c2d8SPhilip Paeps 34083611c2d8SPhilip Paeps# From Pierre Cashon (2020-10-20): 34093611c2d8SPhilip Paeps# The summer time this year started on March 28 at 00:00. 34103611c2d8SPhilip Paeps# https://wafa.ps/ar_page.aspx?id=GveQNZa872839351758aGveQNZ 34113611c2d8SPhilip Paeps# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/portal/meeting/details/50284 34123611c2d8SPhilip Paeps# The winter time in 2015 started on October 23 at 01:00. 34133611c2d8SPhilip Paeps# https://wafa.ps/ar_page.aspx?id=CgpCdYa670694628582aCgpCdY 34143611c2d8SPhilip Paeps# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/portal/meeting/details/27583 341546bee4edSPhilip Paeps 3416b02df232SPhilip Paeps# From P Chan (2021-10-18): 3417b02df232SPhilip Paeps# http://wafa.ps/Pages/Details/34701 3418b02df232SPhilip Paeps# Palestine winter time will start from midnight 2021-10-29 (Thursday-Friday). 3419b02df232SPhilip Paeps# 3420b02df232SPhilip Paeps# From Heba Hemad, Palestine Ministry of Telecom & IT (2021-10-20): 3421b02df232SPhilip Paeps# ... winter time will begin in Palestine from Friday 10-29, 01:00 AM 3422b02df232SPhilip Paeps# by 60 minutes backwards. 3423b02df232SPhilip Paeps# 34248ea5af2bSPhilip Paeps# From Tim Parenti (2021-10-25), per Paul Eggert (2021-10-24): 34258ea5af2bSPhilip Paeps# Guess future fall transitions at 01:00 on the Friday preceding October's 34268ea5af2bSPhilip Paeps# last Sunday (i.e., Fri>=23), as this is more consistent with recent practice. 34278ea5af2bSPhilip Paeps 34288ea5af2bSPhilip Paeps# From Heba Hamad (2022-03-10): 34298ea5af2bSPhilip Paeps# summer time will begin in Palestine from Sunday 03-27-2022, 00:00 AM. 3430b02df232SPhilip Paeps 34311576451aSPhilip Paeps# From Heba Hamad (2022-08-30): 34321576451aSPhilip Paeps# winter time will begin in Palestine from Saturday 10-29, 02:00 AM by 34331576451aSPhilip Paeps# 60 minutes backwards. Also the state of Palestine adopted the summer 34341576451aSPhilip Paeps# and winter time for the years: 2023,2024,2025,2026 ... 34351576451aSPhilip Paeps# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/attachments/20220830/9f024566/Time-0001.pdf 34361576451aSPhilip Paeps# (2022-08-31): ... the Saturday before the last Sunday in March and October 34371576451aSPhilip Paeps# at 2:00 AM ,for the years from 2023 to 2026. 34381576451aSPhilip Paeps# (2022-09-05): https://mtit.pna.ps/Site/New/1453 3439259e2ad7SPhilip Paeps 3440259e2ad7SPhilip Paeps# From Heba Hamad (2023-03-22): 3441259e2ad7SPhilip Paeps# ... summer time will begin in Palestine from Saturday 04-29-2023, 3442259e2ad7SPhilip Paeps# 02:00 AM by 60 minutes forward. 3443eebb9c2cSPhilip Paeps# From Heba Hemad (2023-10-09): 3444eebb9c2cSPhilip Paeps# ... winter time will begin in Palestine from Saturday 10-28-2023, 3445eebb9c2cSPhilip Paeps# 02:00 AM by 60 minutes back. 34461576451aSPhilip Paeps# 34472723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# From Heba Hamad (2024-01-25): 34482723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# the summer time for the years 2024,2025 will begin in Palestine 34492723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# from Saturday at 02:00 AM by 60 minutes forward as shown below: 34502723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# year date 34512723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# 2024 2024-04-20 34522723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# 2025 2025-04-12 34532723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# 34542723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2024-01-25): 3455259e2ad7SPhilip Paeps# For now, guess that spring and fall transitions will normally 3456259e2ad7SPhilip Paeps# continue to use 2022's rules, that during DST Palestine will switch 3457259e2ad7SPhilip Paeps# to standard time at 02:00 the last Saturday before Ramadan and back 34582723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# to DST at 02:00 the second Saturday after Ramadan, and that 3459259e2ad7SPhilip Paeps# if the normal spring-forward or fall-back transition occurs during 3460259e2ad7SPhilip Paeps# Ramadan the former is delayed and the latter advanced. 3461259e2ad7SPhilip Paeps# To implement this, I predicted Ramadan-oriented transition dates for 34622723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# 2026 through 2086 by running the following program under GNU Emacs 29.2, 3463259e2ad7SPhilip Paeps# with the results integrated by hand into the table below. 3464259e2ad7SPhilip Paeps# Predictions after 2086 are approximated without Ramadan. 3465259e2ad7SPhilip Paeps# 34662723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# (let ((islamic-year 1447)) 3467259e2ad7SPhilip Paeps# (require 'cal-islam) 3468259e2ad7SPhilip Paeps# (while (< islamic-year 1510) 3469259e2ad7SPhilip Paeps# (let ((a (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 9 1 islamic-year))) 3470259e2ad7SPhilip Paeps# (b (+ 1 (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 10 1 islamic-year)))) 3471259e2ad7SPhilip Paeps# (saturday 6)) 3472259e2ad7SPhilip Paeps# (while (/= saturday (mod (setq a (1- a)) 7))) 3473259e2ad7SPhilip Paeps# (while (/= saturday (mod b 7)) 3474259e2ad7SPhilip Paeps# (setq b (1+ b))) 34752723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# (setq b (+ 7 b)) 3476259e2ad7SPhilip Paeps# (setq a (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute a)) 3477259e2ad7SPhilip Paeps# (setq b (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute b)) 3478259e2ad7SPhilip Paeps# (insert 3479259e2ad7SPhilip Paeps# (format 3480259e2ad7SPhilip Paeps# (concat "Rule Palestine\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t2:00\t0\t-\n" 3481259e2ad7SPhilip Paeps# "Rule Palestine\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t2:00\t1:00\tS\n") 3482259e2ad7SPhilip Paeps# (car (cdr (cdr a))) (calendar-month-name (car a) t) (car (cdr a)) 3483259e2ad7SPhilip Paeps# (car (cdr (cdr b))) (calendar-month-name (car b) t) (car (cdr b))))) 3484259e2ad7SPhilip Paeps# (setq islamic-year (+ 1 islamic-year)))) 34851576451aSPhilip Paeps 348612a899b6SPhilip Paeps# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 34871315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 34881315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 34891315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 34901315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 34911315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 34921315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 34931315084cSEdwin Groothuis 34941315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 1999 2005 - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S 34951315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 1999 2003 - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 34961315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 2004 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - 34971315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 2005 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 3498b1fd06c7SEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 2006 2007 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 34991315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 35003611c2d8SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2007 only - Sep 13 2:00 0 - 3501b1fd06c7SEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 2008 2009 - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 3502b1fd06c7SEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 35033611c2d8SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2009 only - Sep 4 1:00 0 - 3504b1fd06c7SEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 2010 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 35057d2cde9fSEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 2010 only - Aug 11 0:00 0 - 3506b1fd06c7SEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 2011 only - Apr 1 0:01 1:00 S 3507b1fd06c7SEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 2011 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - 3508b1fd06c7SEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 2011 only - Aug 30 0:00 1:00 S 3509b1fd06c7SEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 2011 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 351074d26aa7SEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 2012 2014 - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S 3511c26a5802SEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 2012 only - Sep 21 1:00 0 - 35123611c2d8SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2013 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 - 35133611c2d8SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2014 only - Oct 24 0:00 0 - 35143611c2d8SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2015 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S 35153611c2d8SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2015 only - Oct 23 1:00 0 - 35161576451aSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2016 2018 - Mar Sat<=30 1:00 1:00 S 35171576451aSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2016 2018 - Oct Sat<=30 1:00 0 - 35183611c2d8SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2019 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 S 35191576451aSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2019 only - Oct Sat<=30 0:00 0 - 35201576451aSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2020 2021 - Mar Sat<=30 0:00 1:00 S 3521b02df232SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2020 only - Oct 24 1:00 0 - 35221576451aSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2021 only - Oct 29 1:00 0 - 35231576451aSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2022 only - Mar 27 0:00 1:00 S 3524259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2022 2035 - Oct Sat<=30 2:00 0 - 3525259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2023 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S 35262723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2024 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 S 35272723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2025 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 S 3528259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2026 2054 - Mar Sat<=30 2:00 1:00 S 3529259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2036 only - Oct 18 2:00 0 - 3530259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2037 only - Oct 10 2:00 0 - 3531259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2038 only - Sep 25 2:00 0 - 3532259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2039 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 - 3533259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2040 only - Sep 1 2:00 0 - 35342723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2040 only - Oct 20 2:00 1:00 S 35352723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2040 2067 - Oct Sat<=30 2:00 0 - 3536259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2041 only - Aug 24 2:00 0 - 35372723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2041 only - Oct 5 2:00 1:00 S 3538259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2042 only - Aug 16 2:00 0 - 35392723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2042 only - Sep 27 2:00 1:00 S 3540259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2043 only - Aug 1 2:00 0 - 35412723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2043 only - Sep 19 2:00 1:00 S 3542259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2044 only - Jul 23 2:00 0 - 35432723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2044 only - Sep 3 2:00 1:00 S 3544259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2045 only - Jul 15 2:00 0 - 35452723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2045 only - Aug 26 2:00 1:00 S 3546259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2046 only - Jun 30 2:00 0 - 35472723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2046 only - Aug 18 2:00 1:00 S 3548259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2047 only - Jun 22 2:00 0 - 35492723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2047 only - Aug 3 2:00 1:00 S 3550259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2048 only - Jun 6 2:00 0 - 35512723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2048 only - Jul 25 2:00 1:00 S 3552259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2049 only - May 29 2:00 0 - 35532723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2049 only - Jul 10 2:00 1:00 S 3554259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2050 only - May 21 2:00 0 - 35552723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2050 only - Jul 2 2:00 1:00 S 3556259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2051 only - May 6 2:00 0 - 35572723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2051 only - Jun 24 2:00 1:00 S 3558259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2052 only - Apr 27 2:00 0 - 35592723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2052 only - Jun 8 2:00 1:00 S 3560259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2053 only - Apr 12 2:00 0 - 35612723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2053 only - May 31 2:00 1:00 S 3562259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2054 only - Apr 4 2:00 0 - 35632723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2054 only - May 23 2:00 1:00 S 35642723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2055 only - May 8 2:00 1:00 S 35652723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2056 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S 35662723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2057 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 S 35672723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2058 only - Apr 6 2:00 1:00 S 35682723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2059 max - Mar Sat<=30 2:00 1:00 S 3569259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2068 only - Oct 20 2:00 0 - 3570259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2069 only - Oct 12 2:00 0 - 3571259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2070 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 3572259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2071 only - Sep 19 2:00 0 - 3573259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2072 only - Sep 10 2:00 0 - 35742723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2072 only - Oct 22 2:00 1:00 S 3575eebb9c2cSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2072 max - Oct Sat<=30 2:00 0 - 3576259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2073 only - Sep 2 2:00 0 - 35772723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2073 only - Oct 14 2:00 1:00 S 3578259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2074 only - Aug 18 2:00 0 - 35792723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2074 only - Oct 6 2:00 1:00 S 3580259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2075 only - Aug 10 2:00 0 - 35812723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2075 only - Sep 21 2:00 1:00 S 3582259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2076 only - Jul 25 2:00 0 - 35832723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2076 only - Sep 12 2:00 1:00 S 3584259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2077 only - Jul 17 2:00 0 - 35852723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2077 only - Sep 4 2:00 1:00 S 3586259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2078 only - Jul 9 2:00 0 - 35872723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2078 only - Aug 20 2:00 1:00 S 3588259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2079 only - Jun 24 2:00 0 - 35892723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2079 only - Aug 12 2:00 1:00 S 3590259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2080 only - Jun 15 2:00 0 - 35912723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2080 only - Jul 27 2:00 1:00 S 3592259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2081 only - Jun 7 2:00 0 - 35932723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2081 only - Jul 19 2:00 1:00 S 3594259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2082 only - May 23 2:00 0 - 35952723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2082 only - Jul 11 2:00 1:00 S 3596259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2083 only - May 15 2:00 0 - 35972723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2083 only - Jun 26 2:00 1:00 S 3598259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2084 only - Apr 29 2:00 0 - 35992723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2084 only - Jun 17 2:00 1:00 S 3600259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2085 only - Apr 21 2:00 0 - 36012723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2085 only - Jun 9 2:00 1:00 S 3602259e2ad7SPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2086 only - Apr 13 2:00 0 - 36032723c7ffSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2086 only - May 25 2:00 1:00 S 3604958890b7SEdwin Groothuis 36052865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 36061315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct 3607e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin 2:00 Zion EET/EEST 1948 May 15 36081315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 36091315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 36101315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 3611b1fd06c7SEdwin Groothuis 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2008 Aug 29 0:00 3612b1fd06c7SEdwin Groothuis 2:00 - EET 2008 Sep 3613b1fd06c7SEdwin Groothuis 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2010 3614b1fd06c7SEdwin Groothuis 2:00 - EET 2010 Mar 27 0:01 3615b1fd06c7SEdwin Groothuis 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2011 Aug 1 3616b1fd06c7SEdwin Groothuis 2:00 - EET 2012 3617b1fd06c7SEdwin Groothuis 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 3618958890b7SEdwin Groothuis 3619958890b7SEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Hebron 2:20:23 - LMT 1900 Oct 3620e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin 2:00 Zion EET/EEST 1948 May 15 3621958890b7SEdwin Groothuis 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 3622958890b7SEdwin Groothuis 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 3623958890b7SEdwin Groothuis 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 3624b1fd06c7SEdwin Groothuis 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 36251315084cSEdwin Groothuis 36261315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Paracel Is 36271315084cSEdwin Groothuis# no information 36281315084cSEdwin Groothuis 36291315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Philippines 36302c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 36312723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2024-01-21): 36322c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# The Spanish initially used American (west-of-Greenwich) time. 36332c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# It is unknown what time Manila kept when the British occupied it from 36342c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 1762-10-06 through 1764-04; for now assume it kept American time. 3635eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# On 1844-08-16, Narciso Clavería, governor-general of the 36361315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to 3637eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# be immediately followed by 1845-01-01; see R.H. van Gent's 3638eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# History of the International Date Line 36392723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# https://webspace.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/idl/idl_philippines.htm 36407ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# The rest of the data entries are from Shanks & Pottenger. 36411315084cSEdwin Groothuis 3642eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-04-26): 36431315084cSEdwin Groothuis# ... claims that Philippines had DST last time in 1990: 36441315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://story.philippinetimes.com/p.x/ct/9/id/145be20cc6b121c0/cid/3e5bbccc730d258c/ 36451315084cSEdwin Groothuis# [a story dated 2006-04-25 by Cris Larano of Dow Jones Newswires, 36461315084cSEdwin Groothuis# but no details] 36471315084cSEdwin Groothuis 36487ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2014-08-14): 36497ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# The following source says DST may be instituted November-January and again 36507ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# March-June, but this is not definite. It also says DST was last proclaimed 36517ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# during the Ramos administration (1992-1998); but again, no details. 36527ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# Carcamo D. PNoy urged to declare use of daylight saving time. 36537ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# Philippine Star 2014-08-05 36547ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2014/08/05/1354152/pnoy-urged-declare-use-daylight-saving-time 36557ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis 365689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# From Paul Goyette (2018-06-15): 365789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# In the Philippines, there is a national law, Republic Act No. 10535 365889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# which declares the official time here as "Philippine Standard Time". 365989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# The act [1] even specifies use of PST as the abbreviation, although 366089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# the FAQ provided by PAGASA [2] uses the "acronym PhST to distinguish 366189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# it from the Pacific Standard Time (PST)." 366289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# [1] http://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2013/05/15/republic-act-no-10535/ 366389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# [2] https://www1.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/index.php/astronomy/philippine-standard-time#republic-act-10535 366489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 366589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2018-06-19): 366689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# I surveyed recent news reports, and my impression is that "PST" is 366789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# more popular among reliable English-language news sources. This is 366889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# not just a measure of Google hit counts: it's also the sizes and 366989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# influence of the sources. There is no current abbreviation for DST, 367089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# so use "PDT", the usual American style. 367189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps 367294c2d487SPhilip Paeps# From P Chan (2021-05-10): 367394c2d487SPhilip Paeps# Here's a fairly comprehensive article in Japanese: 367494c2d487SPhilip Paeps# https://wiki.suikawiki.org/n/Philippine%20Time 367594c2d487SPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2021-05-10): 367694c2d487SPhilip Paeps# The info in the Japanese table has not been absorbed (yet) below. 367794c2d487SPhilip Paeps 367812a899b6SPhilip Paeps# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 367989abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 D 368089abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 S 368189abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 D 368289abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 S 368389abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 368489abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 36852865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 36861315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 36871315084cSEdwin Groothuis 8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11 368889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps 8:00 Phil P%sT 1942 May 368989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps 9:00 - JST 1944 Nov 369089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps 8:00 Phil P%sT 36911315084cSEdwin Groothuis 36929142a2a3SPhilip Paeps# Bahrain 36931315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Qatar 36942865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 36951315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha 3696dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 - +04 1972 Jun 3697dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 3:00 - +03 36981315084cSEdwin Groothuis 36999142a2a3SPhilip Paeps# Kuwait 37001315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Saudi Arabia 37019142a2a3SPhilip Paeps# Yemen 37029142a2a3SPhilip Paeps# 37039142a2a3SPhilip Paeps# Japan's year-round bases in Antarctica match this since 1970. 3704eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 370589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2018-08-29): 3706eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Time in Saudi Arabia and other countries in the Arabian peninsula was not 370789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# standardized until 1968 or so; we don't know exactly when, and possibly it 3708eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# has never been made official. Richard P Hunt, in "Islam city yielding to 3709eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# modern times", New York Times (1961-04-09), p 20, wrote that only airlines 3710eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# observed standard time, and that people in Jeddah mostly observed quasi-solar 3711eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# time, doing so by setting their watches at sunrise to 6 o'clock (or to 12 3712eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# o'clock for "Arab" time). 3713eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 371489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# Timekeeping differed depending on who you were and which part of Saudi 371589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# Arabia you were in. In 1969, Elias Antar wrote that although a common 371689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# practice had been to set one's watch to 12:00 (i.e., midnight) at sunset - 371789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# which meant that the time on one side of a mountain could differ greatly from 371889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# the time on the other side - many foreigners set their watches to 6pm 371989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# instead, while airlines instead used UTC +03 (except in Dhahran, where they 372089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# used UTC +04), Aramco used UTC +03 with DST, and the Trans-Arabian Pipe Line 372189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# Company used Aramco time in eastern Saudi Arabia and airline time in western. 372289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# (The American Military Aid Advisory Group used plain UTC.) Antar writes, 372389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# "A man named Higgins, so the story goes, used to run a local power 372489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# station. One day, the whole thing became too much for Higgins and he 372589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# assembled his staff and laid down the law. 'I've had enough of this,' he 372689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# shrieked. 'It is now 12 o'clock Higgins Time, and from now on this station is 372789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# going to run on Higgins Time.' And so, until last year, it did." See: 372889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# Antar E. Dinner at When? Saudi Aramco World, 1969 March/April. 2-3. 372989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# http://archive.aramcoworld.com/issue/196902/dinner.at.when.htm 37302c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# Also see: Antar EN. Arabian flying is confusing. 37312c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# Port Angeles (WA) Evening News. 1965-03-10. page 3. 373289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 3733eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# The TZ database cannot represent quasi-solar time; airline time is the best 3734eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# we can do. The 1946 foreign air news digest of the U.S. Civil Aeronautics 3735eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Board (OCLC 42299995) reported that the "... Arabian Government, inaugurated 3736eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# a weekly Dhahran-Cairo service, via the Saudi Arabian cities of Riyadh and 3737eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Jidda, on March 14, 1947". Shanks & Pottenger guessed 1950; go with the 3738eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# earlier date. 3739eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 3740eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Shanks & Pottenger also state that until 1968-05-01 Saudi Arabia had two 37418fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# time zones; the other zone, at UT +04, was in the far eastern part of 374289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# the country. Presumably this is documenting airline time. Ignore this, 374389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# as it's before our 1970 cutoff. 3744eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 37452865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3746eb1c1a05SSergey KandaurovZone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1947 Mar 14 3747dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 3:00 - +03 37481315084cSEdwin Groothuis 37491315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Singapore 37507ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 375194c2d487SPhilip Paeps# https://web.archive.org/web/20190822231045/http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/~mathelmr/teaching/timezone.html 37522865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 37531315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 37541315084cSEdwin Groothuis 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 3755dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:00 - +07 1933 Jan 1 3756dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:00 0:20 +0720 1936 Jan 1 3757dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:20 - +0720 1941 Sep 1 3758dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:30 - +0730 1942 Feb 16 3759dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 12 3760cf1ad535SPhilip Paeps 7:30 - +0730 1981 Dec 31 16:00u 3761dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 8:00 - +08 37621315084cSEdwin Groothuis 37631315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Spratly Is 37641315084cSEdwin Groothuis# no information 37651315084cSEdwin Groothuis 37661315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Sri Lanka 3767eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis 3768eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): 3769eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis# Milne says "Madras mean time use from May 1, 1898. Prior to this Colombo 3770eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis# mean time, 5h. 4m. 21.9s. F., was used." But 5:04:21.9 differs considerably 3771eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis# from Colombo's meridian 5:19:24, so for now ignore Milne and stick with 3772eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis# Shanks and Pottenger. 3773eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis 37741315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): 37751315084cSEdwin Groothuis# "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout" 3776eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# (<http://www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html>, 1996-05-24, 37771315084cSEdwin Groothuis# no longer available as of 1999-08-17) 3778eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# reported "the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at 3779eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# midnight Friday (1830 GMT) 'in the light of the present power crisis'." 37801315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 37811315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted 3782eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# by Shamindra in Daily News - Hot News Section 3783eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# <news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net> (1996-10-26): 37841315084cSEdwin Groothuis# With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996 37851315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT. 37861315084cSEdwin Groothuis 3787eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-04-14), quoting Sri Lanka News Online 37881315084cSEdwin Groothuis# <http://news.sinhalaya.com/wmview.php?ArtID=11002> (2006-04-13): 37891315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 0030 hrs on April 15, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006 +30 minutes) 37901315084cSEdwin Groothuis# at present, become 2400 hours of April 14, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006). 37911315084cSEdwin Groothuis 37921315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Peter Apps and Ranga Sirila of Reuters (2006-04-12) in: 37937ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# http://today.reuters.co.uk/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=scienceNews&storyID=2006-04-12T172228Z_01_COL295762_RTRIDST_0_SCIENCE-SRILANKA-TIME-DC.XML 37941315084cSEdwin Groothuis# [The Tamil Tigers] never accepted the original 1996 time change and simply 37951315084cSEdwin Groothuis# kept their clocks set five and a half hours ahead of Greenwich Mean 37961315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Time (GMT), in line with neighbor India. 37971315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-18): 37981315084cSEdwin Groothuis# People who live in regions under Tamil control can use [TZ='Asia/Kolkata'], 37991315084cSEdwin Groothuis# as that zone has agreed with the Tamil areas since our cutoff date of 1970. 38001315084cSEdwin Groothuis 380136d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# From Sadika Sumanapala (2016-10-19): 380236d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# According to http://www.sltime.org (maintained by Measurement Units, 380336d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# Standards & Services Department, Sri Lanka) abbreviation for Sri Lanka 380436d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# standard time is SLST. 38051315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 380636d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# From Paul Eggert (2016-10-18): 3807259e2ad7SPhilip Paeps# "SLST" seems to be reasonably recent and rarely used outside time 380836d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# zone nerd sources. I searched Google News and found three uses of 380936d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# it in the International Business Times of India in February and 381036d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# March of this year when discussing cricket match times, but nothing 381136d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# since then (though there has been a lot of cricket) and nothing in 381236d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# other English-language news sources. Our old abbreviation "LKT" is 381336d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# even worse. For now, let's use a numeric abbreviation; we can 381436d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# switch to "SLST" if it catches on. 38151315084cSEdwin Groothuis 38162865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 38171315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880 38181315084cSEdwin Groothuis 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time 381936d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin 5:30 - +0530 1942 Jan 5 3820dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 5:30 0:30 +06 1942 Sep 3821dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 5:30 1:00 +0630 1945 Oct 16 2:00 382236d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin 5:30 - +0530 1996 May 25 0:00 382336d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin 6:30 - +0630 1996 Oct 26 0:30 382436d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 - +06 2006 Apr 15 0:30 382536d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin 5:30 - +0530 38261315084cSEdwin Groothuis 38271315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Syria 382812a899b6SPhilip Paeps# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 38291315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S 38301315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 38311315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S 38321315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 38331315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 38341315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 38351315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 38361315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 38371315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S 38381315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 38391315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 38401315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 - 38411315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S 38421315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 38431315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S 38441315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 - 38451315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S 38461315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 38471315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S 38481315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S 38491315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 38501315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S 38511315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 38521315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 38531315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 38541315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S 38551315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 38561315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 38571315084cSEdwin Groothuis# IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02; 38581315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02, 38591315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31; 38601315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (2006) says 2006-03-31 and 2006-09-22; 38611315084cSEdwin Groothuis# for now ignore all these claims and go with Shanks & Pottenger, 38621315084cSEdwin Groothuis# except for the 2006-09-22 claim (which seems right for Ramadan). 38631315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1994 1996 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 38641315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1994 2005 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 38651315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S 38661315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1999 2006 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 38671315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Stephen Colebourne (2006-09-18): 38681315084cSEdwin Groothuis# According to IATA data, Syria will change DST on 21st September [21:00 UTC] 38691315084cSEdwin Groothuis# this year [only].... This is probably related to Ramadan, like Egypt. 38701315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 38711315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29): 38721315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Today the AP reported "Syria will switch to summertime at midnight Thursday." 38731315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/03/29/africa/ME-GEN-Syria-Time-Change.php 38741315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 2007 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 3875eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From Jesper Nørgaard (2007-10-27): 38761315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The sister center ICARDA of my work CIMMYT is confirming that Syria DST will 3877875f3108SEdwin Groothuis# not take place 1st November at 0:00 o'clock but 1st November at 24:00 or 3878875f3108SEdwin Groothuis# rather Midnight between Thursday and Friday. This does make more sense than 38791315084cSEdwin Groothuis# having it between Wednesday and Thursday (two workdays in Syria) since the 38801315084cSEdwin Groothuis# weekend in Syria is not Saturday and Sunday, but Friday and Saturday. So now 38811315084cSEdwin Groothuis# it is implemented at midnight of the last workday before weekend... 38821315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 38831315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-27): 3884eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Jesper Nørgaard Welen wrote: 38851315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 38861315084cSEdwin Groothuis# > "Winter local time in Syria will be observed at midnight of Thursday 1 38871315084cSEdwin Groothuis# > November 2007, and the clock will be put back 1 hour." 38881315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 38891315084cSEdwin Groothuis# I found confirmation on this in this gov.sy-article (Arabic): 38901315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://wehda.alwehda.gov.sy/_print_veiw.asp?FileName=12521710520070926111247 38911315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 38921315084cSEdwin Groothuis# which using Google's translate tools says: 38931315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Council of Ministers also approved the commencement of work on 38941315084cSEdwin Groothuis# identifying the winter time as of Friday, 2/11/2007 where the 60th 38951315084cSEdwin Groothuis# minute delay at midnight Thursday 1/11/2007. 38961315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 2007 only - Nov Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 38971315084cSEdwin Groothuis 38981315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Stephen Colebourne (2008-03-17): 38991315084cSEdwin Groothuis# For everyone's info, I saw an IATA time zone change for [Syria] for 39007ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# this month (March 2008) in the last day or so.... 39011315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Country Time Standard --- DST Start --- --- DST End --- DST 39021315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Name Zone Variation Time Date Time Date 39031315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Variation 39041315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Syrian Arab 39051315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Republic SY +0200 2200 03APR08 2100 30SEP08 +0300 39061315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2200 02APR09 2100 30SEP09 +0300 39071315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2200 01APR10 2100 30SEP10 +0300 39081315084cSEdwin Groothuis 39091315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-17): 39101315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Here's a link to English-language coverage by the Syrian Arab News 39111315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Agency (SANA)... 39121315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm 3913eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# ...which reads (in part) "The Cabinet approved the suggestion of the 39141315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Ministry of Electricity to begin daylight savings time on Friday April 39151315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 4th, advancing clocks one hour ahead on midnight of Thursday April 3rd." 39161315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Since Syria is two hours east of UTC, the 2200 and 2100 transition times 39171315084cSEdwin Groothuis# shown above match up with midnight in Syria. 39181315084cSEdwin Groothuis 39191315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 3920eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# My best guess at a Syrian rule is "the Friday nearest April 1"; 39211315084cSEdwin Groothuis# coding that involves either using a "Mar Fri>=29" construct that old time zone 39221315084cSEdwin Groothuis# compilers can't handle or having multiple Rules (a la Israel). 39231315084cSEdwin Groothuis# For now, use "Apr Fri>=1", and go with IATA on a uniform Sep 30 end. 39241315084cSEdwin Groothuis 39251315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-10-07): 39261315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Syria has now officially decided to end DST on 2008-11-01 this year, 39271315084cSEdwin Groothuis# according to the following article in the Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA). 39281315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 39291315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The article is in Arabic, and seems to tell that they will go back to 39301315084cSEdwin Groothuis# winter time on 2008-11-01 at 00:00 local daylight time (delaying/setting 39311315084cSEdwin Groothuis# clocks back 60 minutes). 39321315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 39331315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm 39341315084cSEdwin Groothuis 39351315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-19): 39361315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Syria will start DST on 2009-03-27 00:00 this year according to many sources, 39371315084cSEdwin Groothuis# two examples: 39381315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 39391315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm 39401315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (English, Syrian Arab News # Agency) 39411315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209 39421315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (Arabic, gov-site) 39431315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 39441315084cSEdwin Groothuis# We have not found any sources saying anything about when DST ends this year. 39451315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 39461315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Our summary 39478d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html 39481315084cSEdwin Groothuis 39491315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-27): 39501315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The Syrian Arab News Network on 2009-09-29 reported that Syria will 39511315084cSEdwin Groothuis# revert back to winter (standard) time on midnight between Thursday 39521315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2009-10-29 and Friday 2009-10-30: 39531315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2009/09/29/247012.htm (Arabic) 39541315084cSEdwin Groothuis 39551315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Arthur David Olson (2009-10-28): 39561315084cSEdwin Groothuis# We'll see if future DST switching times turn out to be end of the last 39571315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Thursday of the month or the start of the last Friday of the month or 39581315084cSEdwin Groothuis# something else. For now, use the start of the last Friday. 39591315084cSEdwin Groothuis 396074fd35aaSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-17): 396174fd35aaSEdwin Groothuis# The "Syrian News Station" reported on 2010-03-16 that the Council of 396274fd35aaSEdwin Groothuis# Ministers has decided that Syria will start DST on midnight Thursday 396374fd35aaSEdwin Groothuis# 2010-04-01: (midnight between Thursday and Friday): 396474fd35aaSEdwin Groothuis# http://sns.sy/sns/?path=news/read/11421 (Arabic) 396574fd35aaSEdwin Groothuis 39663797824cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-26): 39673797824cSEdwin Groothuis# Today, Syria's government announced that they will start DST early on Friday 39683797824cSEdwin Groothuis# (00:00). This is a bit earlier than the past two years. 39693797824cSEdwin Groothuis# 39703797824cSEdwin Groothuis# From Syrian Arab News Agency, in Arabic: 39713797824cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2012/03/26/408215.htm 39723797824cSEdwin Groothuis# 39733797824cSEdwin Groothuis# Our brief summary: 39748d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-2012.html 39753797824cSEdwin Groothuis 39765d56371cSPhilip Paeps# From Steffen Thorsen (2022-10-05): 39775d56371cSPhilip Paeps# Syria is adopting year-round DST, starting this autumn.... 39785d56371cSPhilip Paeps# From https://www.enabbaladi.net/archives/607812 39795d56371cSPhilip Paeps# "This [the decision] came after the weekly government meeting today, 39805d56371cSPhilip Paeps# Tuesday 4 October ..." 39815d56371cSPhilip Paeps# 39825d56371cSPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2022-10-05): 39835d56371cSPhilip Paeps# Like Jordan, model this as a transition from EEST +03 (DST) to plain +03 39845d56371cSPhilip Paeps# (non-DST) at the point where DST would otherwise have ended. 39853797824cSEdwin Groothuis 39861315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 2008 only - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 39871315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 398874fd35aaSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 2009 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 39893797824cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 2010 2011 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 39905d56371cSPhilip PaepsRule Syria 2012 2022 - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 39915d56371cSPhilip PaepsRule Syria 2009 2022 - Oct lastFri 0:00 0 - 39921315084cSEdwin Groothuis 39932865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 39941315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq 39955d56371cSPhilip Paeps 2:00 Syria EE%sT 2022 Oct 28 0:00 39965d56371cSPhilip Paeps 3:00 - +03 39971315084cSEdwin Groothuis 39981315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Tajikistan 39991315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Shanks & Pottenger. 40002865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 40011315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 40028fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 1930 Jun 21 40038fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 40049f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps 5:00 1:00 +06 1991 Sep 9 2:00s 40058fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 40061315084cSEdwin Groothuis 40079142a2a3SPhilip Paeps# Cambodia 40089142a2a3SPhilip Paeps# Christmas I 40099142a2a3SPhilip Paeps# Laos 40101315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Thailand 40119142a2a3SPhilip Paeps# Vietnam (northern) 40122865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 40131315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880 40141315084cSEdwin Groothuis 6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time 4015dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:00 - +07 40161315084cSEdwin Groothuis 40171315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Turkmenistan 40181315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Shanks & Pottenger. 40192865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 40201315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad 40218fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21 40228fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00 40238fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00 40248fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 40251315084cSEdwin Groothuis 40269142a2a3SPhilip Paeps# Oman 40279142a2a3SPhilip Paeps# Réunion 40289142a2a3SPhilip Paeps# Seychelles 40291315084cSEdwin Groothuis# United Arab Emirates 40309142a2a3SPhilip Paeps# 40319142a2a3SPhilip Paeps# The Crozet Is also observe Réunion time; see the 'antarctica' file. 40322865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 40331315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920 4034dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 - +04 40351315084cSEdwin Groothuis 40361315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Uzbekistan 40377ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# Byalokoz 1919 says Uzbekistan was 4:27:53. 40382865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 40397ce0f064SEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:53 - LMT 1924 May 2 40408fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21 40418fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 1981 Apr 1 40428fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 1:00 +06 1981 Oct 1 40438fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1 40448fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1992 40458fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 40469f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# Milne says Tashkent was 4:37:10.8. 40479f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps #STDOFF 4:37:10.8 4048eb1c1a05SSergey KandaurovZone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:11 - LMT 1924 May 2 40498fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 1930 Jun 21 40508fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07 1991 Mar 31 2:00 40518fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1992 40528fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 40531315084cSEdwin Groothuis 40549142a2a3SPhilip Paeps# Vietnam (southern) 40551315084cSEdwin Groothuis 40567ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-04): 4057eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis# Milne gives 7:16:56 for the meridian of Saigon in 1899, as being 4058eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis# used in Lower Laos, Cambodia, and Annam. But this is quite a ways 4059eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis# from Saigon's location. For now, ignore this and stick with Shanks 40607ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# and Pottenger for LMT before 1906. 4061eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis 40621315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 4063eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# The English-language name of Vietnam's most populous city is "Ho Chi Minh 4064eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# City"; use Ho_Chi_Minh below to avoid a name of more than 14 characters. 40651315084cSEdwin Groothuis 40662723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2024-01-14) after a 2014 heads-up from Trần Ngọc Quân 40672723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# and a 2024-01-14 heads-up from Đoàn Trần Công Danh: 40687ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# Trần Tiến Bình's authoritative book "Lịch Việt Nam: thế kỷ XX-XXI (1901-2100)" 40697ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# (Nhà xuất bản Văn Hoá - Thông Tin, Hanoi, 2005), pp 49-50, 40707ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# is quoted verbatim in: 40717ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.thoigian.com.vn/?mPage=P80D01 40727ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# is translated by Brian Inglis in: 40738d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2014-October/021654.html 40747ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# and is the basis for the information below. 40757ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# 40767ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# The 1906 transition was effective July 1 and standardized Indochina to 407746bee4edSPhilip Paeps# Phù Liễn Observatory, legally 104° 17' 17" east of Paris. 40787ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# It's unclear whether this meant legal Paris Mean Time (00:09:21) or 40799f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# the Paris Meridian; for now guess the former and round the exact 40809f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps# 07:06:30.1333... to 07:06:30.13 as the legal spec used 66 2/3 ms precision. 40817ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# which is used below even though the modern-day Phù Liễn Observatory 40827ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# is closer to 07:06:31. Abbreviate Phù Liễn Mean Time as PLMT. 40837ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# 40847ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# The following transitions occurred in Indochina in general (before 1954) 40857ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# and in South Vietnam in particular (after 1954): 40867ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# To 07:00 on 1911-05-01. 40877ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# To 08:00 on 1942-12-31 at 23:00. 4088798c0c0bSPhilip Paeps# To 09:00 on 1945-03-14 at 23:00. 40897ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# To 07:00 on 1945-09-02 in Vietnam. 40907ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# To 08:00 on 1947-04-01 in French-controlled Indochina. 40917ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# To 07:00 on 1955-07-01 in South Vietnam. 40927ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# To 08:00 on 1959-12-31 at 23:00 in South Vietnam. 40937ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# To 07:00 on 1975-06-13 in South Vietnam. 40947ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# 40957ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# Trần cites the following sources; it's unclear which supplied the info above. 40967ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# 40977ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# Hoàng Xuân Hãn: "Lịch và lịch Việt Nam". Tập san Khoa học Xã hội, 40987ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# No. 9, Paris, February 1982. 40997ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# 41007ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# Lê Thành Lân: "Lịch và niên biểu lịch sử hai mươi thế kỷ (0001-2010)", 41017ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# NXB Thống kê, Hanoi, 2000. 41027ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# 41037ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# Lê Thành Lân: "Lịch hai thế kỷ (1802-2010) và các lịch vĩnh cửu", 41047ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# NXB Thuận Hoá, Huế, 1995. 41052723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# 41062723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# Here is the decision for the September 1945 transition: 41072723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# Võ Nguyên Giáp, Việt Nam Dân Quốc Công Báo, No. 1 (1945-09-29), page 13 41082723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# http://baochi.nlv.gov.vn/baochi/cgi-bin/baochi?a=d&d=JwvzO19450929.2.5&dliv=none 41092723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# It says that on 1945-09-01 at 24:00, Vietnam moved back two hours, to +07. 41102723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# It also mentions a 1945-03-29 decree (by a Japanese Goveror-General) 41112723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# to set the time zone to +09, but does not say whether that decree 41122723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# merely legalized an earlier change to +09. 41132723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# 41142723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# July 1955 transition: 41152723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# Ngô Đình Diệm, Công Báo Việt Nam, No. 92 (1955-07-02), page 1780-1781 41162723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# Ordinance (Dụ) No. 46 (1955-06-25) 41172723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# http://ddsnext.crl.edu/titles/32341#?c=0&m=29&s=0&cv=4&r=0&xywh=-89%2C342%2C1724%2C1216 41182723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# It says that on 1955-07-01 at 01:00, South Vietnam moved back 1 hour (to +07). 41192723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# 41202723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# December 1959 transition: 41212723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# Ngô Đình Diệm, Công Báo Việt Nam Cộng Hòa, 1960 part 1 (1960-01-02), page 62 41222723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# Decree (Sắc lệnh) No. 362-TTP (1959-12-30) 41232723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# http://ddsnext.crl.edu/titles/32341#?c=0&m=138&s=0&cv=793&r=0&xywh=-54%2C1504%2C1705%2C1202 41242723c7ffSPhilip Paeps# It says that on 1959-12-31 at 23:00, South Vietnam moved forward 1 hour (to +08). 41252723c7ffSPhilip Paeps 41267ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis 41272865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 41289f9fc6bbSPhilip Paeps #STDOFF 7:06:30.13 41299f9fc6bbSPhilip PaepsZone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh 7:06:30 - LMT 1906 Jul 1 4130dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:06:30 - PLMT 1911 May 1 # Phù Liễn MT 4131dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:00 - +07 1942 Dec 31 23:00 4132dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 8:00 - +08 1945 Mar 14 23:00 41332723c7ffSPhilip Paeps 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 1 24:00 4134dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:00 - +07 1947 Apr 1 41352723c7ffSPhilip Paeps 8:00 - +08 1955 Jul 1 01:00 4136dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:00 - +07 1959 Dec 31 23:00 4137dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 8:00 - +08 1975 Jun 13 4138dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:00 - +07 41391315084cSEdwin Groothuis 4140ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2019-02-19): 4141ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# 4142ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# The Ho Chi Minh entry suffices for most purposes as it agrees with all of 4143ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# Vietnam since 1975-06-13. Presumably clocks often changed in south Vietnam 4144ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# in the early 1970s as locations changed hands during the war; however the 4145ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# details are unknown and would likely be too voluminous for this database. 4146ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# 4147ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# For timestamps in north Vietnam back to 1970 (the tzdb cutoff), 4148ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# use Asia/Bangkok; see the VN entries in the file zone1970.tab. 4149ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# For timestamps before 1970, see Asia/Hanoi in the file 'backzone'. 4150