189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# tzdb data for Asia and environs 289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps 31315084cSEdwin Groothuis# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 41315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 51315084cSEdwin Groothuis 67ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 71315084cSEdwin Groothuis# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 87ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see 97ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution. 101315084cSEdwin Groothuis 1189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2018-06-19): 121315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 13d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is: 141315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 151315084cSEdwin Groothuis# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 16d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources. 171315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 18dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source 19dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# for time zone data was the International Air Transport 201315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 211315084cSEdwin Groothuis# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 22d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted, 23d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. 241315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 251315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 261315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 271315084cSEdwin Groothuis# I found in the UCLA library. 281315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 29eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis# For data circa 1899, a common source is: 307ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94. 318d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359 327ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# 337ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# For Russian data circa 1919, a source is: 347ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# Byalokoz EL. New Counting of Time in Russia since July 1, 1919. 357ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# (See the 'europe' file for a fuller citation.) 36eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis# 371315084cSEdwin Groothuis# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 381315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 391315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 4089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# The following alphabetic abbreviations appear in these tables 4189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# (corrections are welcome): 421315084cSEdwin Groothuis# std dst 431315084cSEdwin Groothuis# LMT Local Mean Time 441315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time 451315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2:00 IST IDT Israel 461315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 5:30 IST India 47c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# 7:00 WIB west Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Barat) 48c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# 8:00 WITA central Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Tengah) 491315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 8:00 CST China 5089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 8:00 PST PDT* Philippine Standard Time 51dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# 8:30 KST KDT Korea when at +0830 52c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# 9:00 WIT east Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Timur) 531315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 9:00 JST JDT Japan 546790a258SEdwin Groothuis# 9:00 KST KDT Korea when at +09 55eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 9:30 ACST Australian Central Standard Time 5689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# *I invented the abbreviation PDT; see "Philippines" below. 57dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# Otherwise, these tables typically use numeric abbreviations like +03 58f2fcff28SPhilip Paeps# and +0330 for integer hour and minute UT offsets. Although earlier 59dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# editions invented alphabetic time zone abbreviations for every 60dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# offset, this did not reflect common practice. 611315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 62eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# See the 'europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia. 631315084cSEdwin Groothuis 641315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Guy Harris: 651315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as 661315084cSEdwin Groothuis# additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental 671315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide - 68dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# Worldwide Edition). 691315084cSEdwin Groothuis 701315084cSEdwin Groothuis############################################################################### 711315084cSEdwin Groothuis 72eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# These rules are stolen from the 'europe' file. 731315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 741315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S 751315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule EUAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - 761315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - 7746bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 - 781315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 791315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 8046bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 - 811315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 828fdf5721SBaptiste DaroussinRule RussiaAsia 1984 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 8346bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule RussiaAsia 1985 2010 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 - 848d7edd17SPhilip PaepsRule RussiaAsia 1996 2010 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 851315084cSEdwin Groothuis 861315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Afghanistan 872865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 881315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890 89dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 - +04 1945 90dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 4:30 - +0430 911315084cSEdwin Groothuis 921315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Armenia 931315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 941315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Shanks & Pottenger have Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) 951315084cSEdwin Groothuis# in spring 1991, then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then 961315084cSEdwin Groothuis# readopting Russian DST in 1997. Go with Shanks & Pottenger, even 971315084cSEdwin Groothuis# when they disagree with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz 981315084cSEdwin Groothuis# reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST 991315084cSEdwin Groothuis# in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that 1001315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991, 1011315084cSEdwin Groothuis# but started switching at 3:00s in 1998. 102aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis 103aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis# From Arthur David Olson (2011-06-15): 104aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis# While Russia abandoned DST in 2011, Armenia may choose to 105aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis# follow Russia's "old" rules. 106aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis 107aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2012-02-10): 108aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis# According to News Armenia, on Feb 9, 2012, 109aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis# http://newsarmenia.ru/society/20120209/42609695.html 110aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis# 111aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis# The Armenia National Assembly adopted final reading of Amendments to the 112aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis# Law "On procedure of calculation time on the territory of the Republic of 113aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis# Armenia" according to which Armenia [is] abolishing Daylight Saving Time. 114aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis# or 115aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis# (brief) 116aad8a35cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_armenia03.html 1178d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 11846bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Armenia 2011 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 - 1198d7edd17SPhilip PaepsRule Armenia 2011 only - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 1202865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1211315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2 1228fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 3:00 - +03 1957 Mar 1238fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 1248fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 3:00 RussiaAsia +03/+04 1995 Sep 24 2:00s 1258fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 - +04 1997 1268d7edd17SPhilip Paeps 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 2011 1278d7edd17SPhilip Paeps 4:00 Armenia +04/+05 1281315084cSEdwin Groothuis 1291315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Azerbaijan 1308fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 1311315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Rustam Aliyev of the Azerbaijan Internet Forum (2005-10-23): 1321315084cSEdwin Groothuis# According to the resolution of Cabinet of Ministers, 1997 1332d9bf4ceSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2015-09-17): It was Resolution No. 21 (1997-03-17). 1342d9bf4ceSEdwin Groothuis# http://code.az/files/daylight_res.pdf 1358fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 1368fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# From Steffen Thorsen (2016-03-17): 1378fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# ... the Azerbaijani Cabinet of Ministers has cancelled switching to 1388fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# daylight saving time.... 1398d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.azernews.az/azerbaijan/94137.html 1408fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# http://vestnikkavkaza.net/news/Azerbaijani-Cabinet-of-Ministers-cancels-daylight-saving-time.html 1418fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# http://en.apa.az/xeber_azerbaijan_abolishes_daylight_savings_ti_240862.html 1428fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 1431315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 14446bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Azer 1997 2015 - Mar lastSun 4:00 1:00 - 1458fdf5721SBaptiste DaroussinRule Azer 1997 2015 - Oct lastSun 5:00 0 - 1462865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1471315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 1488fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 3:00 - +03 1957 Mar 1498fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 1508fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 3:00 RussiaAsia +03/+04 1992 Sep lastSun 2:00s 1518fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 - +04 1996 1528fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 EUAsia +04/+05 1997 1538fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 Azer +04/+05 1541315084cSEdwin Groothuis 1551315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Bahrain 1562627f31fSEdwin Groothuis# See Asia/Qatar. 1571315084cSEdwin Groothuis 1581315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Bangladesh 1591315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-05-13): 1601315084cSEdwin Groothuis# According to newspaper Asian Tribune (May 6, 2009) Bangladesh may introduce 1611315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Daylight Saving Time from June 16 to Sept 30 1621315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1631315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Bangladesh to introduce daylight saving time likely from June 16 1641315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288 1651315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html 1661315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1671315084cSEdwin Groothuis# "... Bangladesh government has decided to switch daylight saving time from 1681315084cSEdwin Groothuis# June 1691315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 16 till September 30 in a bid to ensure maximum use of daylight to cope with 1701315084cSEdwin Groothuis# crippling power crisis. " 1711315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1721315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The switch will remain in effect from June 16 to Sept 30 (2009) but if 1731315084cSEdwin Groothuis# implemented the next year, it will come in force from April 1, 2010 1741315084cSEdwin Groothuis 1751315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-02): 1761315084cSEdwin Groothuis# They have finally decided now, but changed the start date to midnight between 1771315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the 19th and 20th, and they have not set the end date yet. 1781315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1791315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Some sources: 1808d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601 1811315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2 1821315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1831315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Our wrap-up: 1848d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html 1851315084cSEdwin Groothuis 1861315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From A. N. M. Kamrus Saadat (2009-06-15): 1871315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Finally we've got the official mail regarding DST start time where DST start 1881315084cSEdwin Groothuis# time is mentioned as Jun 19 2009, 23:00 from BTRC (Bangladesh 1891315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Telecommunication Regulatory Commission). 1901315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1911315084cSEdwin Groothuis# No DST end date has been announced yet. 1921315084cSEdwin Groothuis 1931315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-25): 1941315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Bangladesh won't go back to Standard Time from October 1, 2009, 1951315084cSEdwin Groothuis# instead it will continue DST measure till the cabinet makes a fresh decision. 1961315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1971315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Following report by same newspaper-"The Daily Star Friday": 1981315084cSEdwin Groothuis# "DST change awaits cabinet decision-Clock won't go back by 1-hr from Oct 1" 1991315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=107021 2001315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh04.html 2011315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2021315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-13): 2031315084cSEdwin Groothuis# IANS (Indo-Asian News Service) now reports: 2041315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Bangladesh has decided that the clock advanced by an hour to make 2051315084cSEdwin Groothuis# maximum use of daylight hours as an energy saving measure would 2061315084cSEdwin Groothuis# "continue for an indefinite period." 2071315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2081315084cSEdwin Groothuis# One of many places where it is published: 2091315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/business/bangladesh-to-continue-indefinitely-with-advanced-time_100259987.html 2101315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2111315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-12-24): 2121315084cSEdwin Groothuis# According to Bangladesh newspaper "The Daily Star," 2131315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Bangladesh will change its clock back to Standard Time on Dec 31, 2009. 2141315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2151315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Clock goes back 1-hr on Dec 31 night. 2161315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=119228 2171315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh05.html 2181315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2191315084cSEdwin Groothuis# "...The government yesterday decided to put the clock back by one hour 2201315084cSEdwin Groothuis# on December 31 midnight and the new time will continue until March 31, 2211315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2010 midnight. The decision came at a cabinet meeting at the Prime 2221315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Minister's Office last night..." 2231315084cSEdwin Groothuis 224ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-22): 225ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# According to Bangladesh newspaper "The Daily Star," 226ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# Cabinet cancels Daylight Saving Time 227ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/latest_news.php?nid=22817 228ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh06.html 229157fb21cSEdwin Groothuis 2301315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 23146bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Dhaka 2009 only - Jun 19 23:00 1:00 - 2327ce0f064SEdwin GroothuisRule Dhaka 2009 only - Dec 31 24:00 0 - 2331315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2342865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2351315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890 2361315084cSEdwin Groothuis 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 237dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 6:30 - +0630 1942 May 15 238dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 5:30 - +0530 1942 Sep 239dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 6:30 - +0630 1951 Sep 30 240dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 - +06 2009 241dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 Dhaka +06/+07 2421315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2431315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Bhutan 2442865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2451315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu 246dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 5:30 - +0530 1987 Oct 247dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 - +06 2481315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2491315084cSEdwin Groothuis# British Indian Ocean Territory 2501315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the 2511315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1997 and later maps say 6:00. Assume the switch occurred in 1996. 2521315084cSEdwin Groothuis# We have no information as to when standard time was introduced; 2531315084cSEdwin Groothuis# assume it occurred in 1907, the same year as Mauritius (which 2541315084cSEdwin Groothuis# then contained the Chagos Archipelago). 2552865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2561315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Indian/Chagos 4:49:40 - LMT 1907 257dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 1996 258dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 - +06 2591315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2601315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Brunei 2612865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2621315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan 263dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:30 - +0730 1933 264dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 8:00 - +08 2651315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2661315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Burma / Myanmar 267eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis 268eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis# Milne says 6:24:40 was the meridian of the time ball observatory at Rangoon. 269eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis 2708d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2017-04-20): 2718d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# Page 27 of Reed & Low (cited for Asia/Kolkata) says "Rangoon local time is 2728d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# used upon the railways and telegraphs of Burma, and is 6h. 24m. 47s. ahead 2738d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# of Greenwich." This refers to the period before Burma's transition to +0630, 2748d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# a transition for which Shanks is the only source. 2758d7edd17SPhilip Paeps 2762865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2778d7edd17SPhilip PaepsZone Asia/Yangon 6:24:47 - LMT 1880 # or Rangoon 2788d7edd17SPhilip Paeps 6:24:47 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon local time 279dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 6:30 - +0630 1942 May 280dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 9:00 - +09 1945 May 3 281dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 6:30 - +0630 2821315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2831315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Cambodia 2847ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# See Asia/Bangkok. 2857ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis 2861315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2871315084cSEdwin Groothuis# China 2881315084cSEdwin Groothuis 28989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2018-10-02): 29089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# The following comes from Table 1 of: 29189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# Li Yu. Research on the daylight saving movement in 1940s Shanghai. 29289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# Nanjing Journal of Social Sciences. 2014;(2):144-50. 29389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# http://oversea.cnki.net/kns55/detail.aspx?dbname=CJFD2014&filename=NJSH201402020 29489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# The table lists dates only; I am guessing 00:00 and 24:00 transition times. 29589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# Also, the table lists the planned end of DST in 1949, but the corresponding 29689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# zone line cuts this off on May 28, when the Communists took power. 29789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 29889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 29989abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Shang 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 30089abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Shang 1940 only - Oct 12 24:00 0 S 30189abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Shang 1941 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D 30289abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Shang 1941 only - Nov 1 24:00 0 S 30389abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Shang 1942 only - Jan 31 0:00 1:00 D 30489abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Shang 1945 only - Sep 1 24:00 0 S 30589abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Shang 1946 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D 30689abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Shang 1946 only - Sep 30 24:00 0 S 30789abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Shang 1947 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D 30889abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Shang 1947 only - Oct 31 24:00 0 S 30989abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Shang 1948 1949 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 31089abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Shang 1948 1949 - Sep 30 24:00 0 S #plan 31189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps 3121315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Guy Harris: 3131315084cSEdwin Groothuis# People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone. 3141315084cSEdwin Groothuis 3151315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): 3161315084cSEdwin Groothuis# No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though 3171315084cSEdwin Groothuis# China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the 318eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Peking (Beijing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China 319eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# has two of 'em - Peking's and Ürümqi (named after the capital of 3201315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it. 3211315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 3221315084cSEdwin Groothuis# . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too 323eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# painful to suck in another copy. So, here is what I have for 3241315084cSEdwin Groothuis# DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP): 3251315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 3261315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1986 May 4 - Sept 14 3271315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1987 mid-April - ?? 3281315084cSEdwin Groothuis 3291315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19): 3301315084cSEdwin Groothuis# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN 3311315084cSEdwin Groothuis# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10 3321315084cSEdwin Groothuis 333eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From Paul Eggert (2008-02-11): 334eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Jim Mann, "A clumsy embrace for another western custom: China on daylight 335eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# time - sort of", Los Angeles Times, 1986-05-05 ... [says] that China began 336eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# observing daylight saving time in 1986. 3371315084cSEdwin Groothuis 33889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# From P Chan (2018-05-07): 33989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# The start and end time of DST in China [from 1986 on] should be 2:00 34089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# (i.e. 2:00 to 3:00 at the start and 2:00 to 1:00 at the end).... 34189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# Government notices about summer time: 34289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 34389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 1986-04-12 http://www.zj.gov.cn/attach/zfgb/198608.pdf p.21-22 34489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# (To establish summer time from 1986. On 4 May, set the clocks ahead one hour 34589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# at 2 am. On 14 September, set the clocks backward one hour at 2 am.) 34689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 34789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 1987-02-15 http://www.gov.cn/gongbao/shuju/1987/gwyb198703.pdf p.114 34889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# (Summer time in 1987 to start from 12 April until 13 September) 34989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 35089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 1987-09-09 http://www.gov.cn/gongbao/shuju/1987/gwyb198721.pdf p.709 35189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# (From 1988, summer time to start from 2 am of the first Sunday of mid-April 35289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# until 2 am of the first Sunday of mid-September) 35389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 35489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 1992-03-03 http://www.gov.cn/gongbao/shuju/1992/gwyb199205.pdf p.152 35589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# (To suspend summer time from 1992) 35689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 35789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# The first page of People's Daily on 12 April 1988 stating that summer time 35889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# to begin on 17 April. 35989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# http://data.people.com.cn/pic/101p/1988/04/1988041201.jpg 36089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps 3611315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 36289abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule PRC 1986 only - May 4 2:00 1:00 D 36389abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 2:00 0 S 36489abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=11 2:00 1:00 D 3651315084cSEdwin Groothuis 3661315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20): 3671315084cSEdwin Groothuis# BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five 3681315084cSEdwin Groothuis# historic timezones from some Taiwan websites. And yes, there are official 3691315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Chinese names for these locales (before 1949). 3701315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 371eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-07-14): 3721315084cSEdwin Groothuis# I have investigated the timezones around 1970 on the 3738d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.astro.com/atlas site [with provinces and county 3741315084cSEdwin Groothuis# boundaries summarized below].... A few other exceptions were two 3751315084cSEdwin Groothuis# counties on the Sichuan side of the Xizang-Sichuan border, 3761315084cSEdwin Groothuis# counties Dege and Baiyu which lies on the Sichuan side and are 3771315084cSEdwin Groothuis# therefore supposed to be GMT+7, Xizang region being GMT+6, but Dege 3781315084cSEdwin Groothuis# county is GMT+8 according to astro.com while Baiyu county is GMT+6 3791315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (could be true), for the moment I am assuming that those two 3801315084cSEdwin Groothuis# counties are mistakes in the astro.com data. 3811315084cSEdwin Groothuis 382dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# From Paul Eggert (2017-01-05): 383eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Alois Treindl kindly sent me translations of the following two sources: 3841315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 385eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# (1) 38689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# Guo Qing-sheng (National Time-Service Center, CAS, Xi'an 710600, China) 387eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Beijing Time at the Beginning of the PRC 388eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# China Historical Materials of Science and Technology 38989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# (Zhongguo ke ji shi liao, 中国科技史料). 2003;24(1):5-9. 39089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# http://oversea.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?filename=ZGKS200301000&dbname=CJFD2003 391eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# It gives evidence that at the beginning of the PRC, Beijing time was 392eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# officially apparent solar time! However, Guo also says that the 393eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# evidence is dubious, as the relevant institute of astronomy had not 394eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# been taken over by the PRC yet. It's plausible that apparent solar 395eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# time was announced but never implemented, and that people continued 396eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# to use UT+8. As the Shanghai radio station (and I presume the 397eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# observatory) was still under control of French missionaries, it 398eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# could well have ignored any such mandate. 3991315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 400eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# (2) 401eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Guo Qing-sheng (Shaanxi Astronomical Observatory, CAS, Xi'an 710600, China) 402eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# A Study on the Standard Time Changes for the Past 100 Years in China 403eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# [undated and unknown publication location] 404eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# It says several things: 405eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# * The Qing dynasty used local apparent solar time throughout China. 406eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# * The Republic of China instituted Beijing mean solar time effective 407eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# the official calendar book of 1914. 408eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# * The French Concession in Shanghai set up signal stations in 4097ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# French docks in the 1890s, controlled by Xujiahui (Zikawei) 4107ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# Observatory and set to local mean time. 411eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# * "From the end of the 19th century" it changed to UT+8. 412eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# * Chinese Customs (by then reduced to a tool of foreign powers) 413eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# eventually standardized on this time for all ports, and it 414eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# became used by railways as well. 415eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# * In 1918 the Central Observatory proposed dividing China into 416eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# five time zones (see below for details). This caught on 417eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# at first only in coastal areas observing UT+8. 418eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# * During WWII all of China was in theory was at UT+7. In practice 419eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# this was ignored in the west, and I presume was ignored in 420eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Japanese-occupied territory. 421eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# * Japanese-occupied Manchuria was at UT+9, i.e., Japan time. 422eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# * The five-zone plan was resurrected after WWII and officially put into 423eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# place (with some modifications) in March 1948. It's not clear 424eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# how well it was observed in areas under Nationalist control. 425eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# * The People's Liberation Army used UT+8 during the civil war. 426eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 427eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# An AP article "Shanghai Internat'l Area Little Changed" in the 428eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Lewiston (ME) Daily Sun (1939-05-29), p 17, said "Even the time is 429eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# different - the occupied districts going by Tokyo time, an hour 430eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# ahead of that prevailing in the rest of Shanghai." Guess that the 4318fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Xujiahui Observatory was under French control and stuck with UT +08. 432eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 433eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# In earlier versions of this file, China had many separate Zone entries, but 4347ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# this was based on what were apparently incorrect data in Shanks & Pottenger. 435eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# This has now been simplified to the two entries Asia/Shanghai and 436eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Asia/Urumqi, with the others being links for backward compatibility. 437eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Proposed in 1918 and theoretically in effect until 1949 (although in practice 438eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# mainly observed in coastal areas), the five zones were: 439eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 4408fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area) UT +08:30 441dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# Now part of Asia/Shanghai; its pre-1970 times are not recorded here. 4421315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin 443eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 4448fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time") UT +08 445dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# Now part of Asia/Shanghai. 4461315084cSEdwin Groothuis# most of China 447eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Milne gives 8:05:43.2 for Xujiahui Observatory time; round to nearest. 4488fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Guo says Shanghai switched to UT +08 "from the end of the 19th century". 449eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 450dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# Long-shu Time (probably as Long and Shu were two names of the area) UT +07 451dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# Now part of Asia/Shanghai; its pre-1970 times are not recorded here. 4521315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan; 453dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; east Qinghai; and the Guangdong 4541315084cSEdwin Groothuis# counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing, 4551315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu. 456eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 4578fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time") UT +06 458dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# This region is now part of either Asia/Urumqi or Asia/Shanghai with 459dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# current boundaries uncertain; times before 1970 for areas that 460dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# disagree with Ürümqi or Shanghai are not recorded here. 4611315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The Gansu counties Aksay, Anxi, Dunhuang, Subei; west Qinghai; 4621315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the Guangdong counties Xuwen, Haikang, Suixi, Lianjiang, 4631315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Zhanjiang, Wuchuan, Huazhou, Gaozhou, Maoming, Dianbai, and Xinyi; 4641315084cSEdwin Groothuis# east Tibet, including Lhasa, Chamdo, Shigaise, Jimsar, Shawan and Hutubi; 465eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# east Xinjiang, including Ürümqi, Turpan, Karamay, Korla, Minfeng, Jinghe, 4661315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Wusu, Qiemo, Xinyan, Wulanwusu, Jinghe, Yumin, Tacheng, Tuoli, Emin, 4671315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Shihezi, Changji, Yanqi, Heshuo, Tuokexun, Tulufan, Shanshan, Hami, 4681315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Fukang, Kuitun, Kumukuli, Miquan, Qitai, and Turfan. 469eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 4708fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Kunlun Time UT +05:30 471dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# This region is now in the same status as Xin-zang Time (see above). 4721315084cSEdwin Groothuis# West Tibet, including Pulan, Aheqi, Shufu, Shule; 4731315084cSEdwin Groothuis# West Xinjiang, including Aksu, Atushi, Yining, Hetian, Cele, Luopu, Nileke, 4741315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Zhaosu, Tekesi, Gongliu, Chabuchaer, Huocheng, Bole, Pishan, Suiding, 4751315084cSEdwin Groothuis# and Yarkand. 4761315084cSEdwin Groothuis 4771315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Luther Ma (2009-10-17): 4781315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Almost all (>99.9%) ethnic Chinese (properly ethnic Han) living in 4791315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Xinjiang use Chinese Standard Time. Some are aware of Xinjiang time, 4801315084cSEdwin Groothuis# but have no need of it. All planes, trains, and schools function on 4811315084cSEdwin Groothuis# what is called "Beijing time." When Han make an appointment in Chinese 4821315084cSEdwin Groothuis# they implicitly use Beijing time. 4831315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 4841315084cSEdwin Groothuis# On the other hand, ethnic Uyghurs, who make up about half the 4851315084cSEdwin Groothuis# population of Xinjiang, typically use "Xinjiang time" which is two 4868fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# hours behind Beijing time, or UT +06. The government of the Xinjiang 4871315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Uyghur Autonomous Region, (XAUR, or just Xinjiang for short) as well as 488eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# local governments such as the Ürümqi city government use both times in 4891315084cSEdwin Groothuis# publications, referring to what is popularly called Xinjiang time as 490eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# "Ürümqi time." When Uyghurs make an appointment in the Uyghur language 4911315084cSEdwin Groothuis# they almost invariably use Xinjiang time. 4921315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 4931315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (Their ethnic Han compatriots would typically have no clue of its 4941315084cSEdwin Groothuis# widespread use, however, because so extremely few of them are fluent in 4951315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Uyghur, comparable to the number of Anglo-Americans fluent in Navajo.) 4961315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 4971315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (...As with the rest of China there was a brief interval ending in 1990 4981315084cSEdwin Groothuis# or 1991 when summer time was in use. The confusion was severe, with 4991315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the province not having dual times but four times in use at the same 5001315084cSEdwin Groothuis# time. Some areas remained on standard Xinjiang time or Beijing time and 5011315084cSEdwin Groothuis# others moving their clocks ahead.) 5021315084cSEdwin Groothuis 5031315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Luther Ma (2009-11-19): 5041315084cSEdwin Groothuis# With the risk of being redundant to previous answers these are the most common 5051315084cSEdwin Groothuis# English "transliterations" (w/o using non-English symbols): 5061315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 5071315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1. Wulumuqi... 5081315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2. Kashi... 5091315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 3. Urumqi... 5101315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 4. Kashgar... 5111315084cSEdwin Groothuis# ... 512eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 5. It seems that Uyghurs in Ürümqi has been using Xinjiang since at least the 5131315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1960's. I know of one Han, now over 50, who grew up in the surrounding 5141315084cSEdwin Groothuis# countryside and used Xinjiang time as a child. 5151315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 5161315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 6. Likewise for Kashgar and the rest of south Xinjiang I don't know of any 5171315084cSEdwin Groothuis# start date for Xinjiang time. 5181315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 5191315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Without having access to local historical records, nor the ability to legally 5201315084cSEdwin Groothuis# publish them, I would go with October 1, 1949, when Xinjiang became the Uyghur 5211315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Autonomous Region under the PRC. (Before that Uyghurs, of course, would also 5221315084cSEdwin Groothuis# not be using Beijing time, but some local time.) 5231315084cSEdwin Groothuis 524eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From David Cochrane (2014-03-26): 525eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Just a confirmation that Ürümqi time was implemented in Ürümqi on 1 Feb 1986: 5268d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,960684,00.html 527eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov 528eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From Luther Ma (2014-04-22): 529eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# I have interviewed numerous people of various nationalities and from 530eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# different localities in Xinjiang and can confirm the information in Guo's 531eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# report regarding Xinjiang, as well as the Time article reference by David 532eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Cochrane. Whether officially recognized or not (and both are officially 533eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# recognized), two separate times have been in use in Xinjiang since at least 534eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# the Cultural Revolution: Xinjiang Time (XJT), aka Ürümqi Time or local time; 535eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# and Beijing Time. There is no confusion in Xinjiang as to which name refers 536eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# to which time. Both are widely used in the province, although in some 537eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# population groups might be use one to the exclusion of the other. The only 538eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# problem is that computers and smart phones list Ürümqi (or Kashgar) as 539eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# having the same time as Beijing. 540eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov 541eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-30): 5428fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# In the early days of the PRC, Tibet was given its own time zone (UT +06) 5438fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# but this was withdrawn in 1959 and never reinstated; see Tubten Khétsun, 544eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Memories of life in Lhasa under Chinese Rule, Columbia U Press, ISBN 545eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 978-0231142861 (2008), translator's introduction by Matthew Akester, p x. 546eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# As this is before our 1970 cutoff, Tibet doesn't need a separate zone. 547eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 548eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Xinjiang Time is well-documented as being officially recognized. E.g., see 549eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# "The Working-Calendar for The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Government" 550eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# <http://www.sinkiang.gov.cn/service/ourworking/> (2014-04-22). 551eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Unfortunately, we have no good records of time in Xinjiang before 1986. 5527ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# During the 20th century parts of Xinjiang were ruled by the Qing dynasty, 553eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# the Republic of China, various warlords, the First and Second East Turkestan 554eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Republics, the Soviet Union, the Kuomintang, and the People's Republic of 555eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# China, and tracking down all these organizations' timekeeping rules would be 556eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# quite a trick. Approximate this lost history by a transition from LMT to 5578fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# UT +06 at the start of 1928, the year of accession of the warlord Jin Shuren, 558eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# which happens to be the date given by Shanks & Pottenger (no doubt as a 5598fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# guess) as the transition from LMT. Ignore the usage of +08 before 5608fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 1986-02-01 under the theory that the transition date to +08 is unknown and 561eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# that the sort of users who prefer Asia/Urumqi now typically ignored the 5628fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# +08 mandate back then. 563eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov 5642865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 565eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Beijing time, used throughout China; represented by Shanghai. 566eb1c1a05SSergey KandaurovZone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:43 - LMT 1901 56789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949 May 28 5681315084cSEdwin Groothuis 8:00 PRC C%sT 569eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Xinjiang time, used by many in western China; represented by Ürümqi / Ürümchi 570eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# / Wulumuqi. (Please use Asia/Shanghai if you prefer Beijing time.) 571eb1c1a05SSergey KandaurovZone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 572dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 - +06 5731315084cSEdwin Groothuis 5741315084cSEdwin Groothuis 575eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis# Hong Kong (Xianggang) 576eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis 577eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis# Milne gives 7:36:41.7; round this. 578eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis 5791315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Lee Yiu Chung (2009-10-24): 5801315084cSEdwin Groothuis# I found there are some mistakes for the...DST rule for Hong 5811315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Kong. [According] to the DST record from Hong Kong Observatory (actually, 5821315084cSEdwin Groothuis# it is not [an] observatory, but the official meteorological agency of HK, 5831315084cSEdwin Groothuis# and also serves as the official timing agency), there are some missing 5841315084cSEdwin Groothuis# and incorrect rules. Although the exact switch over time is missing, I 5851315084cSEdwin Groothuis# think 3:30 is correct. The official DST record for Hong Kong can be 5861315084cSEdwin Groothuis# obtained from 5871315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm 5881315084cSEdwin Groothuis 5892c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# From Phake Nick (2018-10-27): 5902c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# According to Singaporean newspaper 5912c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/singfreepresswk19041102-1.2.37 5922c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# the day that Hong Kong start using GMT+8 should be Oct 30, 1904. 5932c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 5942c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2018-11-17): 5952c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# Hong Kong had a time ball near the Marine Police Station, Tsim Sha Tsui. 5962c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# "The ball was raised manually each day and dropped at exactly 1pm 5972c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# (except on Sundays and Government holidays)." 5982c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# Dyson AD. From Time Ball to Atomic Clock. Hong Kong Government. 1983. 5992c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# <https://www.hko.gov.hk/publica/gen_pub/timeball_atomic_clock.pdf> 6002c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# "From 1904 October 30 the time-ball at Hong Kong has been dropped by order 6012c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# of the Governor of the Colony at 17h 0m 0s G.M.T., which is 23m 18s.14 in 6022c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# advance of 1h 0m 0s of Hong Kong mean time." 6032c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# Hollis HP. Universal Time, Longitudes, and Geodesy. Mon Not R Astron Soc. 6042c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 1905-02-10;65(4):405-6. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/65.4.382 6052c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 6062c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# From Joseph Myers (2018-11-18): 6072c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# An astronomer before 1925 referring to GMT would have been using the old 6082c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# astronomical convention where the day started at noon, not midnight. 6092c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 6102c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# From Steve Allen (2018-11-17): 6112c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# Meteorological Observations made at the Hongkong Observatory in the year 1904 6122c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# page 4 <https://books.google.com/books?id=kgw5AQAAMAAJ&pg=RA4-PA4> 6132c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# ... the log of drop times in Table II shows that on Sunday 1904-10-30 the 6142c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# ball was dropped. So that looks like a special case drop for the sake 6152c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# of broadcasting the new local time. 6162c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 6172c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# From Phake Nick (2018-11-18): 6182c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# According to The Hong Kong Weekly Press, 1904-10-29, p.324, the 6192c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# governor of Hong Kong at the time stated that "We are further desired to 6202c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# make it known that the change will be effected by firing the gun and by the 6212c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# dropping of the Ball at 23min. 18sec. before one." 6222c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2018-11-18): 6232c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# See <https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk> for this; unfortunately Flash is required. 6242c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 6252c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# From Phake Nick (2018-10-26): 6262c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# I went to check microfilm records stored at Hong Kong Public Library.... 6272c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# on September 30 1941, according to Ta Kung Pao (Hong Kong edition), it was 6282c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# stated that fallback would occur on the next day (the 1st)'s "03:00 am (Hong 6292c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# Kong Time 04:00 am)" and the clock will fall back for a half hour. (03:00 6302c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# probably refer to the time commonly used in mainland China at the time given 6312c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# the paper's background) ... the sunrise/sunset time given by South China 6322c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# Morning Post for October 1st was indeed moved by half an hour compares to 6332c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# before. After that, in December, the battle to capture Hong Kong started and 6342c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# the library doesn't seems to have any record stored about press during that 6352c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# period of time. Some media resumed publication soon after that within the 6362c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# same month, but there were not much information about time there. Later they 6372c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# started including a radio program guide when they restored radio service, 6382c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# explicitly mentioning it use Tokyo standard time, and later added a note 6392c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# saying it's half an hour ahead of the old Hong Kong standard time, and it 6402c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# also seems to indicate that Hong Kong was not using GMT+8 when it was 6412c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# captured by Japan. 6422c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 6432c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# Image of related sections on newspaper: 6442c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# * 1941-09-30, Ta Kung Pao (Hong Kong), "Winter Time start tomorrow". 6452c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# https://i.imgur.com/6waY51Z.jpg (Chinese) 6462c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# * 1941-09-29, South China Morning Post, Information on sunrise/sunset 6472c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# time and other things for September 30 and October 1. 6482c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# https://i.imgur.com/kCiUR78.jpg 6492c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# * 1942-02-05. The Hong Kong News, Radio Program Guide. 6502c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# https://i.imgur.com/eVvDMzS.jpg 6512c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# * 1941-06-14. Hong Kong Daily Press, Daylight Saving from 3am Tomorrow. 6522c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# https://i.imgur.com/05KkvtC.png 6532c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# * 1941-09-30, Hong Kong Daily Press, Winter Time Warning. 6542c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# https://i.imgur.com/dge4kFJ.png 6552c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 6562865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# From P Chan (2018-12-31): 6572865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# * According to the Hong Kong Daylight-Saving Regulations, 1941, the 6582865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# 1941 spring-forward transition was at 03:00. 6592865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkgro/view/g1941/304271.pdf 6602865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkgro/view/g1941/305516.pdf 6612865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# * According to some articles from South China Morning Post, +08 was 6622865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# resumed on 1945-11-18 at 02:00. 6632865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# https://i.imgur.com/M2IsZ3c.png 6642865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# https://i.imgur.com/iOPqrVo.png 6652865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# https://i.imgur.com/fffcGDs.png 6662865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# * Some newspapers ... said the 1946 spring-forward transition was on 6672865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# 04-21 at 00:00. The Kung Sheung Evening News 1946-04-20 (Chinese) 6682865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# https://i.imgur.com/ZSzent0.png 6692865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk///c/portal/cover?c=QF757YsWv5%2FH7zGe%2FKF%2BFLYsuqGhRBfe p.4 6702865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# The Kung Sheung Daily News 1946-04-21 (Chinese) 6712865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# https://i.imgur.com/7ecmRlcm.png 6722865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk///c/portal/cover?c=QF757YsWv5%2BQBGt1%2BwUj5qG2GqtwR3Wh p.4 6732865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# * According to the Summer Time Ordinance (1946), the fallback 6742865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# transitions between 1946 and 1952 were at 03:30 Standard Time (+08) 6752865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# http://oelawhk.lib.hku.hk/archive/files/bb74b06a74d5294620a15de560ab33c6.pdf 6762865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# * Some other laws and regulations related to DST from 1953 to 1979 6772865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Summer Time Ordinance 1953 6782865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# https://i.imgur.com/IOlJMav.jpg 6792865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Summer Time (Amendment) Ordinance 1965 6802865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# https://i.imgur.com/8rofeLa.jpg 6812865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Interpretation and General Clauses Ordinance (1966) 6822865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# https://i.imgur.com/joy3msj.jpg 6832865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Emergency (Summer Time) Regulation 1973 <https://i.imgur.com/OpRWrKz.jpg> 6842865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Interpretation and General Clauses (Amendment) Ordinance 1977 6852865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# https://i.imgur.com/RaNqnc4.jpg 6862865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Resolution of the Legislative Council passed on 9 May 1979 6872865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# https://www.legco.gov.hk/yr78-79/english/lc_sitg/hansard/h790509.pdf#page=39 6882865ab3fSPhilip Paeps 6892865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2019-05-31): 6901315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Here are the dates given at 6912c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# https://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm 6922c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# as of 2014-06-19: 6931315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Year Period 6942c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 1941 15 Jun to 30 Sep 6951315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1942 Whole year 6961315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1943 Whole year 6971315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1944 Whole year 6981315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1945 Whole year 6991315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1946 20 Apr to 1 Dec 7002865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# 1947 13 Apr to 30 Nov 7011315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1948 2 May to 31 Oct 7021315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1949 3 Apr to 30 Oct 7031315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1950 2 Apr to 29 Oct 7041315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1951 1 Apr to 28 Oct 7052c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 1952 6 Apr to 2 Nov 7061315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1953 5 Apr to 1 Nov 7071315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1954 21 Mar to 31 Oct 7081315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1955 20 Mar to 6 Nov 7091315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1956 18 Mar to 4 Nov 7101315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1957 24 Mar to 3 Nov 7111315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1958 23 Mar to 2 Nov 7121315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1959 22 Mar to 1 Nov 7131315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1960 20 Mar to 6 Nov 7141315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1961 19 Mar to 5 Nov 7151315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1962 18 Mar to 4 Nov 7161315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1963 24 Mar to 3 Nov 7171315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1964 22 Mar to 1 Nov 7181315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1965 18 Apr to 17 Oct 7191315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1966 17 Apr to 16 Oct 7201315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1967 16 Apr to 22 Oct 7211315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1968 21 Apr to 20 Oct 7221315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1969 20 Apr to 19 Oct 7231315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1970 19 Apr to 18 Oct 7241315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1971 18 Apr to 17 Oct 7251315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1972 16 Apr to 22 Oct 7261315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1973 22 Apr to 21 Oct 7271315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1973/74 30 Dec 73 to 20 Oct 74 7281315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1975 20 Apr to 19 Oct 7291315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1976 18 Apr to 17 Oct 7301315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1977 Nil 7311315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1978 Nil 7321315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1979 13 May to 21 Oct 7331315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1980 to Now Nil 7342c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# The page does not give times of day for transitions, 7352c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# or dates for the 1942 and 1945 transitions. 7362c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# The Japanese occupation of Hong Kong began 1941-12-25. 7371315084cSEdwin Groothuis 7381315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 7392865ab3fSPhilip PaepsRule HK 1946 only - Apr 21 0:00 1:00 S 7402865ab3fSPhilip PaepsRule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30s 0 - 7412865ab3fSPhilip PaepsRule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30s 1:00 S 7422865ab3fSPhilip PaepsRule HK 1947 only - Nov 30 3:30s 0 - 7432865ab3fSPhilip PaepsRule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30s 1:00 S 7442865ab3fSPhilip PaepsRule HK 1948 1952 - Oct Sun>=28 3:30s 0 - 7451315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S 7462865ab3fSPhilip PaepsRule HK 1953 1964 - Oct Sun>=31 3:30 0 - 7471315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S 74895aec0e6SEdwin GroothuisRule HK 1965 1976 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 74995aec0e6SEdwin GroothuisRule HK 1965 1976 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 7501315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule HK 1973 only - Dec 30 3:30 1:00 S 7512865ab3fSPhilip PaepsRule HK 1979 only - May 13 3:30 1:00 S 7522865ab3fSPhilip PaepsRule HK 1979 only - Oct 21 3:30 0 - 7532865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 7542c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsZone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:42 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 0:36:42 7552865ab3fSPhilip Paeps 8:00 - HKT 1941 Jun 15 3:00 7562c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 8:00 1:00 HKST 1941 Oct 1 4:00 7572c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 8:30 - HKT 1941 Dec 25 7582865ab3fSPhilip Paeps 9:00 - JST 1945 Nov 18 2:00 7591315084cSEdwin Groothuis 8:00 HK HK%sT 7601315084cSEdwin Groothuis 7611315084cSEdwin Groothuis############################################################################### 7621315084cSEdwin Groothuis 7631315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Taiwan 7641315084cSEdwin Groothuis 765696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# From smallufo (2010-04-03): 766eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# According to Taiwan's CWB [Central Weather Bureau], 767696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.cwb.gov.tw/V6/astronomy/cdata/summert.htm 768696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# Taipei has DST in 1979 between July 1st and Sep 30. 769696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis 770eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2013-07-12): 771eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# On Dec 28, 1895, the Meiji Emperor announced Ordinance No. 167 of 772eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Meiji Year 28 "The clause about standard time", mentioned that 773eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Taiwan and Penghu Islands, as well as Yaeyama and Miyako Islands 774eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# (both in Okinawa) adopt the Western Standard Time which is based on 775eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 120E. The adoption began from Jan 1, 1896. The original text can be 776eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# found on Wikisource: 7778d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/標準時ニ關スル件_(公布時) 778eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# ... This could be the first adoption of time zone in Taiwan, because 779eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# during the Qing Dynasty, it seems that there was no time zone 780eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# declared officially. 781eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 782eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Later, in the beginning of World War II, on Sep 25, 1937, the Showa 783eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Emperor announced Ordinance No. 529 of Showa Year 12 "The clause of 784eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# revision in the ordinance No. 167 of Meiji year 28 about standard 785eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# time", in which abolished the adoption of Western Standard Time in 786eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# western islands (listed above), which means the whole Japan 787eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# territory, including later occupations, adopt Japan Central Time 788f2fcff28SPhilip Paeps# (UT+9). The adoption began on Oct 1, 1937. The original text can 789eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# be found on Wikisource: 7908d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/明治二十八年勅令第百六十七號標準時ニ關スル件中改正ノ件 791eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 792f2fcff28SPhilip Paeps# That is, the time zone of Taipei switched to UT+9 on Oct 1, 1937. 793eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov 794eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2014-07-02): 795f2fcff28SPhilip Paeps# I've found more evidence about when the time zone was switched from UT+9 796f2fcff28SPhilip Paeps# back to UT+8 after WW2. I believe it was on Sep 21, 1945. In a document 797eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# during Japanese era [1] in which the officer told the staff to change time 798f2fcff28SPhilip Paeps# zone back to Western Standard Time (UT+8) on Sep 21. And in another 799eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# history page of National Cheng Kung University [2], on Sep 21 there is a 800eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# note "from today, switch back to Western Standard Time". From these two 801eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# materials, I believe that the time zone change happened on Sep 21. And 802eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# today I have found another monthly journal called "The Astronomical Herald" 803eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# from The Astronomical Society of Japan [3] in which it mentioned the fact 804eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# that: 805eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 806eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 1. Standard Time of the Country (Japan) was adopted on Jan 1, 1888, using 807eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# the time at 135E (GMT+9) 808eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 809eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 2. Standard Time of the Country was renamed to Central Standard Time, on Jan 810eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 1, 1898, and on the same day, the new territories Taiwan and Penghu islands, 811eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# as well as Yaeyama and Miyako islands, adopted a new time zone called 812eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Western Standard Time, which is in GMT+8. 813eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 814eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 3. Western Standard Time was deprecated on Sep 30, 1937. From then all the 815eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# territories of Japan adopted the same time zone, which is Central Standard 816eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Time. 817eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 818eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# [1] Academica Historica, Taiwan: 819eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# http://163.29.208.22:8080/govsaleShowImage/connect_img.php?s=00101738900090036&e=00101738900090037 820eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# [2] Nat'l Cheng Kung University 70th Anniversary Special Site: 821eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# http://www.ncku.edu.tw/~ncku70/menu/001/01_01.htm 822eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# [3] Yukio Niimi, The Standard Time in Japan (1997), p.475: 823eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# http://www.asj.or.jp/geppou/archive_open/1997/pdf/19971001c.pdf 824eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov 825eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Yu-Cheng Chuang (2014-07-03): 826eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# I finally have found the real official gazette about changing back to 827eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Western Standard Time on Sep 21 in Taiwan. It's Taiwan Governor-General 828eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Bulletin No. 386 in Showa 20 years (1945), published on Sep 19, 1945. [1] ... 829eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# [It] abolishes Bulletin No. 207 in Showa 12 years (1937), which is a local 830eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# bulletin in Taiwan for that Ordinance No. 529. It also mentioned that 1am on 831eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Sep 21, 1945 will be 12am on Sep 21. I think this bulletin is much more 832eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# official than the one I mentioned in my first mail, because it's from the 833eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# top-level government in Taiwan. If you're going to quote any resource, this 834eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# would be a good one. 835eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# [1] Taiwan Governor-General Gazette, No. 1018, Sep 19, 1945: 836eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# http://db2.th.gov.tw/db2/view/viewImg.php?imgcode=0072031018a&num=19&bgn=019&end=019&otherImg=&type=gener 837eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov 838eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2014-07-02): 839eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# In 1946, DST in Taiwan was from May 15 and ended on Sep 30. The info from 840eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Central Weather Bureau website was not correct. 841eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 842eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Original Bulletin: 8437ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# http://subtpg.tpg.gov.tw/og/image2.asp?f=03502F0AKM1AF 8447ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# http://subtpg.tpg.gov.tw/og/image2.asp?f=0350300AKM1B0 (cont.) 845eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 846eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# In 1947, DST in Taiwan was expanded to Oct 31. There is a backup of that 847eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# telegram announcement from Taiwan Province Government: 848eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 8497ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# http://subtpg.tpg.gov.tw/og/image2.asp?f=0360310AKZ431 850eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 851eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Here is a brief translation: 852eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 853eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# The Summer Time this year is adopted from midnight Apr 15 until Sep 20 854eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# midnight. To save (energy?) consumption, we're expanding Summer Time 8557ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# adoption till Oct 31 midnight. 856eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 857eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# The Central Weather Bureau website didn't mention that, however it can 858eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# be found from historical government announcement database. 859eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov 860eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-03): 8618fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# As per Yu-Cheng Chuang, say that Taiwan was at UT +09 from 1937-10-01 862eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# until 1945-09-21 at 01:00, overriding Shanks & Pottenger. 863eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Likewise, use Yu-Cheng Chuang's data for DST in Taiwan. 864696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis 8651315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 866eb1c1a05SSergey KandaurovRule Taiwan 1946 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D 867eb1c1a05SSergey KandaurovRule Taiwan 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 868eb1c1a05SSergey KandaurovRule Taiwan 1947 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D 869eb1c1a05SSergey KandaurovRule Taiwan 1947 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 870eb1c1a05SSergey KandaurovRule Taiwan 1948 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 871eb1c1a05SSergey KandaurovRule Taiwan 1948 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 8721315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D 8731315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 8741315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 8751315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 8761315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 8771315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 8781315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 879eb1c1a05SSergey KandaurovRule Taiwan 1979 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 D 880eb1c1a05SSergey KandaurovRule Taiwan 1979 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 881696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis 8822865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 883eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Taipei or Taibei or T'ai-pei 884eb1c1a05SSergey KandaurovZone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 Jan 1 885dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 8:00 - CST 1937 Oct 1 8867ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 21 1:00 8871315084cSEdwin Groothuis 8:00 Taiwan C%sT 8881315084cSEdwin Groothuis 8891315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Macau (Macao, Aomen) 89089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 89189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# From P Chan (2018-05-10): 89289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# * LegisMac 89389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# http://legismac.safp.gov.mo/legismac/descqry/Descqry.jsf?lang=pt 89489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# A database for searching titles of legal documents of Macau in 89589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# Chinese and Portuguese. The term "HORÁRIO DE VERÃO" can be used for 89689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# searching decrees about summer time. 89789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# * Archives of Macao 89889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# http://www.archives.gov.mo/en/bo/ 89989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# It contains images of old official gazettes. 90089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# * The Macao Meteorological and Geophysical Bureau have a page listing the 90189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# summer time history. But it is not complete and has some mistakes. 90289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# http://www.smg.gov.mo/smg/geophysics/e_t_Summer%20Time.htm 90389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# Macau adopted GMT+8 on 30 Oct 1904 to follow Hong Kong. Clocks were 90489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# advanced by 25 minutes and 50 seconds. Which means the LMT used was 90589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# +7:34:10. As stated in the "Portaria No. 204" dated 21 October 1904 90689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# and published in the Official Gazette on 29 October 1904. 90789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# http://igallery.icm.gov.mo/Images/Archives/BO/MO_AH_PUB_BO_1904_10/MO_AH_PUB_BO_1904_10_00025_Grey.JPG 90889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 90989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# Therefore the 1911 decree of Portugal did not change time in Macau. 91089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 91189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# From LegisMac, here is a list of decrees that changed the time ... 91289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# [Decree Gazette-no. date; titles omitted in this quotation] 91389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# DIL 732 BOCM 51 1941.12.20 91489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# DIL 764 BOCM 9S 1942.04.30 91589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# DIL 781 BOCM 21 1942.10.10 91689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 3434 BOCM 8S 1943.04.17 91789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 3504 BOCM 20 1943.09.25 91889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 3843 BOCM 39 1945.09.29 91989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 3961 BOCM 17 1946.04.27 92089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 4026 BOCM 39 1946.09.28 92189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 4153 BOCM 16 1947.04.10 92289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 4271 BOCM 48 1947.11.29 92389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 4374 BOCM 18 1948.05.01 92489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 4465 BOCM 44 1948.10.30 92589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 4590 BOCM 14 1949.04.02 92689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 4666 BOCM 44 1949.10.29 92789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 4771 BOCM 12 1950.03.25 92889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 4838 BOCM 43 1950.10.28 92989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 4946 BOCM 12 1951.03.24 93089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 5025 BO 43 1951.10.27 93189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 5149 BO 14 1952.04.05 93289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 5251 BO 43 1952.10.25 93389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 5366 BO 13 1953.03.28 93489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 5444 BO 44 1953.10.31 93589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 5540 BO 12 1954.03.20 93689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 5589 BO 44 1954.10.30 93789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 5676 BO 12 1955.03.19 93889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 5739 BO 45 1955.11.05 93989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 5823 BO 11 1956.03.17 94089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 5891 BO 44 1956.11.03 94189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 5981 BO 12 1957.03.23 94289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 6064 BO 43 1957.10.26 94389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 6172 BO 12 1958.03.22 94489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 6243 BO 43 1958.10.25 94589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 6341 BO 12 1959.03.21 94689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 6411 BO 43 1959.10.24 94789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 6514 BO 11 1960.03.12 94889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 6584 BO 44 1960.10.29 94989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 6721 BO 10 1961.03.11 95089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 6815 BO 43 1961.10.28 95189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 6947 BO 10 1962.03.10 95289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 7080 BO 43 1962.10.27 95389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 7218 BO 12 1963.03.23 95489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 7340 BO 43 1963.10.26 95589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 7491 BO 11 1964.03.14 95689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 7664 BO 43 1964.10.24 95789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 7846 BO 15 1965.04.10 95889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 7979 BO 42 1965.10.16 95989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 8146 BO 15 1966.04.09 96089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 8252 BO 41 1966.10.08 96189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 8429 BO 15 1967.04.15 96289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 8540 BO 41 1967.10.14 96389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 8735 BO 15 1968.04.13 96489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 8860 BO 41 1968.10.12 96589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 9035 BO 16 1969.04.19 96689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 9156 BO 42 1969.10.18 96789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 9328 BO 15 1970.04.11 96889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 9418 BO 41 1970.10.10 96989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 9587 BO 14 1971.04.03 97089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 9702 BO 41 1971.10.09 97189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 38-A/72 BO 14 1972.04.01 97289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 126-A/72 BO 41 1972.10.07 97389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 61/73 BO 14 1973.04.07 97489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 182/73 BO 40 1973.10.06 97589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 282/73 BO 51 1973.12.22 97689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 177/74 BO 41 1974.10.12 97789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 51/75 BO 15 1975.04.12 97889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 173/75 BO 41 1975.10.11 97989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 67/76/M BO 14 1976.04.03 98089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 169/76/M BO 41 1976.10.09 98189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 78/79/M BO 19 1979.05.12 98289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# PT 166/79/M BO 42 1979.10.20 98389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# Note that DIL 732 does not belong to "HORÁRIO DE VERÃO" according to 98489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# LegisMac.... Note that between 1942 and 1945, the time switched 98589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# between GMT+9 and GMT+10. Also in 1965 and 1965 the DST ended at 2:30am. 98689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps 98789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2018-05-10): 98889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# The 1904 decree says that Macau changed from the meridian of 98989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# Fortaleza do Monte, presumably the basis for the 7:34:10 for LMT. 99089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps 9911315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 99289abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1942 1943 - Apr 30 23:00 1:00 - 99389abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1942 only - Nov 17 23:00 0 - 99489abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1943 only - Sep 30 23:00 0 S 99589abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1946 only - Apr 30 23:00s 1:00 D 99689abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1946 only - Sep 30 23:00s 0 S 99789abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1947 only - Apr 19 23:00s 1:00 D 99889abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1947 only - Nov 30 23:00s 0 S 99989abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1948 only - May 2 23:00s 1:00 D 100089abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1948 only - Oct 31 23:00s 0 S 100189abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1949 1950 - Apr Sat>=1 23:00s 1:00 D 100289abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1949 1950 - Oct lastSat 23:00s 0 S 100389abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1951 only - Mar 31 23:00s 1:00 D 100489abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1951 only - Oct 28 23:00s 0 S 100589abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1952 1953 - Apr Sat>=1 23:00s 1:00 D 100689abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1952 only - Nov 1 23:00s 0 S 100789abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1953 1954 - Oct lastSat 23:00s 0 S 100889abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1954 1956 - Mar Sat>=17 23:00s 1:00 D 100989abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1955 only - Nov 5 23:00s 0 S 101089abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1956 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 03:30 0 S 101189abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1957 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 03:30 1:00 D 101289abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1965 1973 - Apr Sun>=16 03:30 1:00 D 101389abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1965 1966 - Oct Sun>=16 02:30 0 S 101489abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1967 1976 - Oct Sun>=16 03:30 0 S 101589abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1973 only - Dec 30 03:30 1:00 D 101689abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1975 1976 - Apr Sun>=16 03:30 1:00 D 101789abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1979 only - May 13 03:30 1:00 D 101889abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Macau 1979 only - Oct Sun>=16 03:30 0 S 101989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps 10202865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 102189abb9f8SPhilip PaepsZone Asia/Macau 7:34:10 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 102289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps 8:00 - CST 1941 Dec 21 23:00 102389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps 9:00 Macau +09/+10 1945 Sep 30 24:00 1024dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 8:00 Macau C%sT 10251315084cSEdwin Groothuis 10261315084cSEdwin Groothuis 10271315084cSEdwin Groothuis############################################################################### 10281315084cSEdwin Groothuis 10291315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Cyprus 1030ba2b2efdSGlen Barber 1031eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis# Milne says the Eastern Telegraph Company used 2:14:00. Stick with LMT. 1032ba2b2efdSGlen Barber# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time. 1033ba2b2efdSGlen Barber 1034ba2b2efdSGlen Barber# From Paul Eggert (2016-09-09): 1035ba2b2efdSGlen Barber# Yesterday's Cyprus Mail reports that Northern Cyprus followed Turkey's 1036ba2b2efdSGlen Barber# lead and switched from +02/+03 to +03 year-round. 1037ba2b2efdSGlen Barber# http://cyprus-mail.com/2016/09/08/two-time-zones-cyprus-turkey-will-not-turn-clocks-back-next-month/ 1038eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis# 1039ba2b2efdSGlen Barber# From Even Scharning (2016-10-31): 1040ba2b2efdSGlen Barber# Looks like the time zone split in Cyprus went through last night. 1041ba2b2efdSGlen Barber# http://cyprus-mail.com/2016/10/30/cyprus-new-division-two-time-zones-now-reality/ 1042ba2b2efdSGlen Barber 10438d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2017-10-18): 10448d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# Northern Cyprus will reinstate winter time on October 29, thus 10458d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# staying in sync with the rest of Cyprus. See: Anastasiou A. 10468d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# Cyprus to remain united in time. Cyprus Mail 2017-10-17. 10478d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://cyprus-mail.com/2017/10/17/cyprus-remain-united-time/ 10488d7edd17SPhilip Paeps 10491315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 10501315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S 10511315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 - 10521315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S 10531315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 - 10541315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 10551315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 10561315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - 10571315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 10581315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 10592865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 10601315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14 10611315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep 10621315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 1063ba2b2efdSGlen BarberZone Asia/Famagusta 2:15:48 - LMT 1921 Nov 14 1064ba2b2efdSGlen Barber 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep 1065ba2b2efdSGlen Barber 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 2016 Sep 8 10668d7edd17SPhilip Paeps 3:00 - +03 2017 Oct 29 1:00u 10678d7edd17SPhilip Paeps 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 10681315084cSEdwin Groothuis 10691315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72. 10701315084cSEdwin Groothuis# However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe. 10711315084cSEdwin GroothuisLink Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia 10721315084cSEdwin Groothuis 10731315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Georgia 10741315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (1994-11-19): 10751315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward 10761315084cSEdwin Groothuis# an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze, 10771315084cSEdwin Groothuis# an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it! 10781315084cSEdwin Groothuis# We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall. 10791315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 10801315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Mathew Englander, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04): 10811315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia 10821315084cSEdwin Groothuis# will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy, 10831315084cSEdwin Groothuis# President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday. 10841315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 10851315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From the BBC via Joseph S. Myers (2004-06-27): 10861315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 10871315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Georgia moved closer to Western Europe on Sunday... The former Soviet 10881315084cSEdwin Groothuis# republic has changed its time zone back to that of Moscow. As a result it 10891315084cSEdwin Groothuis# is now just four hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time, rather than five hours 10901315084cSEdwin Groothuis# ahead. The switch was decreed by the pro-Western president of Georgia, 1091eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Mikheil Saakashvili, who said the change was partly prompted by the process 10921315084cSEdwin Groothuis# of integration into Europe. 10931315084cSEdwin Groothuis 10941315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Teimuraz Abashidze (2005-11-07): 10951315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Government of Georgia ... decided to NOT CHANGE daylight savings time on 10961315084cSEdwin Groothuis# [Oct.] 30, as it was done before during last more than 10 years. 10971315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Currently, we are in fact GMT +4:00, as before 30 October it was GMT 10981315084cSEdwin Groothuis# +3:00.... The problem is, there is NO FORMAL LAW or governmental document 10991315084cSEdwin Groothuis# about it. As far as I can find, I was told, that there is no document, 11001315084cSEdwin Groothuis# because we just DIDN'T ISSUE document about switching to winter time.... 11011315084cSEdwin Groothuis# I don't know what can be done, especially knowing that some years ago our 11021315084cSEdwin Groothuis# DST rules where changed THREE TIMES during one month. 11031315084cSEdwin Groothuis 11047ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# Milne 1899 says Tbilisi (Tiflis) time was 2:59:05.7. 11057ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# Byalokoz 1919 says Georgia was 2:59:11. 11067ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# Go with Byalokoz. 11071315084cSEdwin Groothuis 11082865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 11097ce0f064SEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:11 - LMT 1880 11107ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis 2:59:11 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time 11118fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 3:00 - +03 1957 Mar 11128fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11138fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 3:00 RussiaAsia +03/+04 1992 11148fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 3:00 E-EurAsia +03/+04 1994 Sep lastSun 11158fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 E-EurAsia +04/+05 1996 Oct lastSun 11168fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 1:00 +05 1997 Mar lastSun 11178fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 E-EurAsia +04/+05 2004 Jun 27 11188fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 3:00 RussiaAsia +03/+04 2005 Mar lastSun 2:00 11198fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 - +04 11201315084cSEdwin Groothuis 11211315084cSEdwin Groothuis# East Timor 11221315084cSEdwin Groothuis 11231315084cSEdwin Groothuis# See Indonesia for the 1945 transition. 11241315084cSEdwin Groothuis 1125eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From João Carrascalão, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in 11261315084cSEdwin Groothuis# East Timor may be late for its millennium 11278d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# <https://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm> (1999-12-26/31): 11281315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun 11291315084cSEdwin Groothuis# rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the 11301315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it 11311315084cSEdwin Groothuis# conflicts with their way of life. 11321315084cSEdwin Groothuis 11331315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04): 11341315084cSEdwin Groothuis# We don't have any record of the above attempt. 11351315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data. 11361315084cSEdwin Groothuis 11371315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General 1138eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/2000/00-08-16.undh.html 1139eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# (2000-08-16): 11401315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided 11411315084cSEdwin Groothuis# today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change, 11421315084cSEdwin Groothuis# which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at 11431315084cSEdwin Groothuis# midnight on Saturday, September 16. 11441315084cSEdwin Groothuis 11452865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 11467ce0f064SEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 1147dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 8:00 - +08 1942 Feb 21 23:00 1148dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 9:00 - +09 1976 May 3 1149dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 8:00 - +08 2000 Sep 17 0:00 1150dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 9:00 - +09 11511315084cSEdwin Groothuis 11521315084cSEdwin Groothuis# India 11538fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 11542c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# British astronomer Henry Park Hollis disliked India Standard Time's offset: 11552c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# "A new time system has been proposed for India, Further India, and Burmah. 11562c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# The scheme suggested is that the times of the meridians 5½ and 6½ hours 11572c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# east of Greenwich should be adopted in these territories. No reason is 11582c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# given why hourly meridians five hours and six hours east should not be 11592c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# chosen; a plan which would bring the time of India into harmony with 11602c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# that of almost the whole of the civilised world." 11612c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# Hollis HP. Universal Time, Longitudes, and Geodesy. Mon Not R Astron Soc. 11622c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 1905-02-10;65(4):405-6. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/65.4.382 11632c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 11648fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# From Ian P. Beacock, in "A brief history of (modern) time", The Atlantic 11658d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/12/the-creation-of-modern-time/421419/ 11668fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# (2015-12-22): 11678fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# In January 1906, several thousand cotton-mill workers rioted on the 11688fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# outskirts of Bombay.... They were protesting the proposed abolition of 11698fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# local time in favor of Indian Standard Time.... Journalists called this 11708fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# dispute the "Battle of the Clocks." It lasted nearly half a century. 11718fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 11728d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2017-04-20): 11738d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# Good luck trying to nail down old timekeeping records in India. 11748d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# "... in the nineteenth century ... Madras Observatory took its magnetic 11758d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# measurements on Göttingen time, its meteorological measurements on Madras 11768d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# (local) time, dropped its time ball on Greenwich (ocean navigator's) time, 11778d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# and distributed civil (local time)." -- Bartky IR. Selling the true time: 11788d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# 19th-century timekeeping in america. Stanford U Press (2000), 247 note 19. 11798d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# "A more potent cause of resistance to the general adoption of the present 11808d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# standard time lies in the fact that it is Madras time. The citizen of 11818d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# Bombay, proud of being 'primus in Indis' and of Calcutta, equally proud of 11828d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# his city being the Capital of India, and - for a part of the year - the Seat 11838d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# of the Supreme Government, alike look down on Madras, and refuse to change 11848d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# the time they are using, for that of what they regard as a benighted 11858d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# Presidency; while Madras, having for long given the standard time to the 11868d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# rest of India, would resist the adoption of any other Indian standard in its 11878d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# place." -- Oldham RD. On Time in India: a suggestion for its improvement. 11888d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal (April 1899), 49-55. 11898d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# 11908d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# "In 1870 ... Madras time - 'now used by the telegraph and regulated from the 11918d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# only government observatory' - was suggested as a standard railway time, 11928d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# first to be adopted on the Great Indian Peninsular Railway (GIPR).... 11938d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# Calcutta, Bombay, and Karachi, were to be allowed to continue with their 11948d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# local time for civil purposes." - Prasad R. Tracks of Change: Railways and 11958d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# Everyday Life in Colonial India. Cambridge University Press (2016), 145. 11968d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# 11978d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# Reed S, Low F. The Indian Year Book 1936-37. Bennett, Coleman, pp 27-8. 11988d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.282212 11998d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# This lists +052110 as Madras local time used in railways, and says that on 12008d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# 1906-01-01 railways and telegraphs in India switched to +0530. Some 12018d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# municipalities retained their former time, and the time in Calcutta 12028d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# continued to depend on whether you were at the railway station or at 12038d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# government offices. Government time was at +055320 (according to Shanks) or 12048d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# at +0554 (according to the Indian Year Book). Railway time is more 12058d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# appropriate for our purposes, as it was better documented, it is what we do 12068d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# elsewhere (e.g., Europe/London before 1880), and after 1906 it was 12078d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# consistent in the region now identified by Asia/Kolkata. So, use railway 12088d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# time for 1870-1941. Shanks is our only (and dubious) source for the 12098d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# 1941-1945 data. 12108d7edd17SPhilip Paeps 12112865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 12128d7edd17SPhilip PaepsZone Asia/Kolkata 5:53:28 - LMT 1854 Jun 28 # Kolkata 12138d7edd17SPhilip Paeps 5:53:20 - HMT 1870 # Howrah Mean Time? 12148d7edd17SPhilip Paeps 5:21:10 - MMT 1906 Jan 1 # Madras local time 12158d7edd17SPhilip Paeps 5:30 - IST 1941 Oct 12168d7edd17SPhilip Paeps 5:30 1:00 +0630 1942 May 15 12171315084cSEdwin Groothuis 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 1218dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 5:30 1:00 +0630 1945 Oct 15 12191315084cSEdwin Groothuis 5:30 - IST 12208d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# Since 1970 the following are like Asia/Kolkata: 12211315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Andaman Is 12221315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is) 12231315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Nicobar Is 12241315084cSEdwin Groothuis 12251315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Indonesia 12261315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 12277ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2014-09-06): 12287ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# The 1876 Report of the Secretary of the [US] Navy, p 306 says that Batavia 12297ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# civil time was 7:07:12.5; round to even for Jakarta. 12307ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# 12311315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks & Pottenger: 12327ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime 12331315084cSEdwin Groothuis# says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01. Looking at some 12341315084cSEdwin Groothuis# time zone maps, I think that must refer to Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat 12351315084cSEdwin Groothuis# and Kalimantan Tengah) switching from UTC+8 to UTC+7. 12361315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 12371315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-10): 12381315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Here is another correction to Shanks & Pottenger. 12391315084cSEdwin Groothuis# JohnTWB writes that Japanese forces did not surrender control in 12401315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Indonesia until 1945-09-01 00:00 at the earliest (in Jakarta) and 12411315084cSEdwin Groothuis# other formal surrender ceremonies were September 9, 11, and 13, plus 12421315084cSEdwin Groothuis# September 12 for the regional surrender to Mountbatten in Singapore. 12431315084cSEdwin Groothuis# These would be the earliest possible times for a change. 1244eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Régimes horaires pour le monde entier, by Henri Le Corre, (Éditions 12451315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Traditionnelles, 1987, Paris) says that Java and Madura switched 12468fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# from UT +09 to +07:30 on 1945-09-23, and gives 1944-09-01 for Jayapura 12471315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (Hollandia). For now, assume all Indonesian locations other than Jayapura 12481315084cSEdwin Groothuis# switched on 1945-09-23. 12491315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1250c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2013-08-11): 1251c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# Normally the tz database uses English-language abbreviations, but in 1252c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# Indonesia it's typical to use Indonesian-language abbreviations even 1253c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# when writing in English. For example, see the English-language 1254c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# summary published by the Time and Frequency Laboratory of the 1255c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# Research Center for Calibration, Instrumentation and Metrology, 1256c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# Indonesia, <http://time.kim.lipi.go.id/time-eng.php> (2006-09-29). 12578fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# The time zone abbreviations and UT offsets are: 1258c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# 12598fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# WIB - +07 - Waktu Indonesia Barat (Indonesia western time) 12608fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# WITA - +08 - Waktu Indonesia Tengah (Indonesia central time) 12618fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# WIT - +09 - Waktu Indonesia Timur (Indonesia eastern time) 1262c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# 12632865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1264c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# Java, Sumatra 12651315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10 12661315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Shanks & Pottenger say the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13, 12671315084cSEdwin Groothuis# but this must be a typo. 1268c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis 7:07:12 - BMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Batavia 1269dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:20 - +0720 1932 Nov 1270dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:30 - +0730 1942 Mar 23 1271dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 23 1272dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:30 - +0730 1948 May 1273dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 8:00 - +08 1950 May 1274dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:30 - +0730 1964 1275c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis 7:00 - WIB 1276c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# west and central Borneo 12771315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Pontianak 7:17:20 - LMT 1908 May 12781315084cSEdwin Groothuis 7:17:20 - PMT 1932 Nov # Pontianak MT 1279dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:30 - +0730 1942 Jan 29 1280dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 23 1281dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:30 - +0730 1948 May 1282dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 8:00 - +08 1950 May 1283dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:30 - +0730 1964 1284c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis 8:00 - WITA 1988 Jan 1 1285c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis 7:00 - WIB 1286c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# Sulawesi, Lesser Sundas, east and south Borneo 12871315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Makassar 7:57:36 - LMT 1920 12881315084cSEdwin Groothuis 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT 1289dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 8:00 - +08 1942 Feb 9 1290dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 23 1291c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis 8:00 - WITA 1292c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# Maluku Islands, West Papua, Papua 12931315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov 1294dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 9:00 - +09 1944 Sep 1 1295dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 9:30 - +0930 1964 1296c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis 9:00 - WIT 12971315084cSEdwin Groothuis 12981315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Iran 12991315084cSEdwin Groothuis 13001315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Roozbeh Pournader (2003-03-15): 13011315084cSEdwin Groothuis# This is an English translation of what I just found (originally in Persian). 13021315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The Gregorian dates in brackets are mine: 13031315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 13041315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Official Newspaper No. 13548-1370/6/25 [1991-09-16] 13051315084cSEdwin Groothuis# No. 16760/T233 H 1370/6/10 [1991-09-01] 13061315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 13071315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The Rule About Change of the Official Time of the Country 13081315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 13091315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The Board of Ministers, in the meeting dated 1370/5/23 [1991-08-14], 13101315084cSEdwin Groothuis# based on the suggestion number 2221/D dated 1370/4/22 [1991-07-13] 13111315084cSEdwin Groothuis# of the Country's Organization for Official and Employment Affairs, 13121315084cSEdwin Groothuis# and referring to the law for equating the working hours of workers 13131315084cSEdwin Groothuis# and officers in the whole country dated 1359/4/23 [1980-07-14], and 13141315084cSEdwin Groothuis# for synchronizing the official times of the country, agreed that: 13151315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 13161315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The official time of the country will should move forward one hour 13171315084cSEdwin Groothuis# at the 24[:00] hours of the first day of Farvardin and should return 13181315084cSEdwin Groothuis# to its previous state at the 24[:00] hours of the 30th day of 13191315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Shahrivar. 13201315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 13211315084cSEdwin Groothuis# First Deputy to the President - Hassan Habibi 13221315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 13231315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From personal experience, that agrees with what has been followed 13241315084cSEdwin Groothuis# for at least the last 5 years. Before that, for a few years, the 13251315084cSEdwin Groothuis# date used was the first Thursday night of Farvardin and the last 13261315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Thursday night of Shahrivar, but I can't give exact dates.... 13271315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 13281315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Roozbeh Pournader (2005-04-05): 13291315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The text of the Iranian law, in effect since 1925, clearly mentions 13301315084cSEdwin Groothuis# that the true solar year is the measure, and there is no arithmetic 13311315084cSEdwin Groothuis# leap year calculation involved. There has never been any serious 13321315084cSEdwin Groothuis# plan to change that law.... 13331315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 13342c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2018-11-30): 13351315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Go with Shanks & Pottenger before Sept. 1991, and with Pournader thereafter. 13362c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# I used the following code in GNU Emacs 26.1 to generate the "Rule Iran" 13372c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# lines from 2008 through 2087. Emacs 26.1 uses Ed Reingold's 13382c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# cal-persia implementation of Birashk's approximation, which in the 13392865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# 2008-2087 range disagrees with the astronomical Persian calendar 13402865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# for Persian years 1404 (Gregorian 2025) and 1437 (Gregorian 2058), so 13412865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# the following code special-cases those years. See Table 15.1, page 264, of: 13422c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# Edward M. Reingold and Nachum Dershowitz, Calendrical Calculations: 13432c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# The Ultimate Edition, Cambridge University Press (2018). 13442c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# https://www.cambridge.org/fr/academic/subjects/computer-science/computing-general-interest/calendrical-calculations-ultimate-edition-4th-edition 13452c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# Page 258, footnote 2, of this book says there is some dispute over what will 13462c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# happen in 2091 (and some other years after that), so this code 13472c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# stops in 2087, as 2088 and 2089 agree with the "max" rule below. 13482c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# (cl-loop 13492c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# initially (require 'cal-persia) 13502c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# with first-persian-year = 1387 13512c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# with last-persian-year = 1466 13522c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# ;; Exceptional years in the above range, 13532c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# ;; from Reingold & Dershowitz Table 15.1, page 264: 13542c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# with exceptional-persian-years = '(1404 1437) 13552c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# with range-start = nil 13562c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# for persian-year from first-persian-year to last-persian-year 13572c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# do 13582c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# (let* 13592c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# ((exceptional-year-offset 13602c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# (if (member persian-year exceptional-persian-years) 1 0)) 13612c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# (beg-dst-absolute 13622c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# (+ (calendar-persian-to-absolute (list 1 1 persian-year)) 13632c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# exceptional-year-offset)) 13642c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# (end-dst-absolute 13652c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# (+ (calendar-persian-to-absolute (list 6 30 persian-year)) 13662c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# exceptional-year-offset)) 13672c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# (next-year-beg-dst-absolute 13682c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# (+ (calendar-persian-to-absolute (list 1 1 (1+ persian-year))) 13692c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# (if (member (1+ persian-year) exceptional-persian-years) 1 0))) 13702c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# (beg-dst (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute beg-dst-absolute)) 13712c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# (end-dst (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute end-dst-absolute)) 13722c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# (next-year-beg-dst (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute 13732c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# next-year-beg-dst-absolute)) 13742c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# (year (calendar-extract-year beg-dst)) 13752c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# (range-end (if range-start year "only"))) 13762c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# (setq range-start (or range-start year)) 13772c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# (when (or (/= (calendar-extract-day beg-dst) 13782c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# (calendar-extract-day next-year-beg-dst)) 13792c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# (= persian-year last-persian-year)) 13802c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# (insert 13812c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# (format 13822c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# "Rule\tIran\t%d\t%s\t-\t%s\t%2d\t24:00\t1:00\t-\n" 13832c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# range-start range-end 13842c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# (calendar-month-name (calendar-extract-month beg-dst) t) 13852c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# (calendar-extract-day beg-dst))) 13862c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# (insert 13872c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# (format 13882c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# "Rule\tIran\t%d\t%s\t-\t%s\t%2d\t24:00\t0\t-\n" 13892c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# range-start range-end 13902c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# (calendar-month-name (calendar-extract-month end-dst) t) 13912c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# (calendar-extract-day end-dst))) 13922c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# (setq range-start nil)))) 13931315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 13941315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-03-30), writing about future 13951315084cSEdwin Groothuis# discrepancies between cal-persia and the Iranian calendar: 13961315084cSEdwin Groothuis# For 2091 solar-longitude-after yields 2091-03-20 08:40:07.7 UT for 13971315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the vernal equinox and that gets so close to 12:00 some local 13981315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Iranian time that the definition of the correct location needs to be 13991315084cSEdwin Groothuis# known exactly, amongst other factors. 2157 is even closer: 14001315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2157-03-20 08:37:15.5 UT. But the Gregorian year 2025 should give 14011315084cSEdwin Groothuis# no interpretation problem whatsoever. By the way, another instant 14021315084cSEdwin Groothuis# in the near future where there will be a discrepancy between 14031315084cSEdwin Groothuis# arithmetical and astronomical Iranian calendars will be in 2058: 14041315084cSEdwin Groothuis# vernal equinox on 2058-03-20 09:03:05.9 UT. The Java version of 14051315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Reingold's/Dershowitz' calculator gives correctly the Gregorian date 14061315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2058-03-21 for 1 Farvardin 1437 (astronomical). 14071315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 14081315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-03-22): 14091315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Several of my users have reported that Iran will not observe DST anymore: 14101315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.irna.ir/en/news/view/line-17/0603193812164948.htm 14111315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1412eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From Reuters (2007-09-16), with a heads-up from Jesper Nørgaard Welen: 14131315084cSEdwin Groothuis# ... the Guardian Council ... approved a law on Sunday to re-introduce 14141315084cSEdwin Groothuis# daylight saving time ... 14158d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://uk.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idUKBLA65048420070916 14161315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 14171315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Roozbeh Pournader (2007-11-05): 14181315084cSEdwin Groothuis# This is quoted from Official Gazette of the Islamic Republic of 14196790a258SEdwin Groothuis# Iran, Volume 63, No. 18242, dated Tuesday 1386/6/24 14201315084cSEdwin Groothuis# [2007-10-16]. I am doing the best translation I can:... 14211315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The official time of the country will be moved forward for one hour 14221315084cSEdwin Groothuis# on the 24 hours of the first day of the month of Farvardin and will 14231315084cSEdwin Groothuis# be changed back to its previous state on the 24 hours of the 14241315084cSEdwin Groothuis# thirtieth day of Shahrivar. 14251315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 14261315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 14272c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 14282c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 1978 only - Oct 20 24:00 0 - 14292c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 1979 only - Sep 18 24:00 0 - 14302c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 1980 only - Sep 22 24:00 0 - 14312c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 1991 only - May 2 24:00 1:00 - 14322c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 14332c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 1991 1995 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 14342c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 1996 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 14352c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 1996 only - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 14362c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 14372c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 14382c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2000 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 14392c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2000 only - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 14402c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 14412c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 14422c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2004 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 14432c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2004 only - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 14442c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2005 only - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 14452c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2005 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 14462c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2008 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 14472c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2008 only - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 14482c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 14492c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 14502c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2012 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 14512c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2012 only - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 14522c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 14532c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 14542c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2016 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 14552c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2016 only - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 14562c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 14572c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 14582c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2020 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 14592c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2020 only - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 14602c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 14612c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 14622c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2024 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 14632c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2024 only - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 14642c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2025 2027 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 14652c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2025 2027 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 14662c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 14672c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 14682c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 14692c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 14702c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 14712c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 14722c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 14732c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 14742c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 14752c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 14762c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2038 2039 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 14772c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2038 2039 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 14782c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2040 2041 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 14792c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2040 2041 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 14802c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2042 2043 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 14812c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2042 2043 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 14822c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2044 2045 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 14832c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2044 2045 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 14842c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2046 2047 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 14852c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2046 2047 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 14862c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2048 2049 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 14872c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2048 2049 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 14882c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2050 2051 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 14892c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2050 2051 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 14902c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2052 2053 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 14912c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2052 2053 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 14922c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2054 2055 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 14932c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2054 2055 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 14942c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2056 2057 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 14952c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2056 2057 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 14962c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2058 2059 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 14972c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2058 2059 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 14982c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2060 2062 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 14992c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2060 2062 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 15002c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2063 only - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 15012c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2063 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 15022c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2064 2066 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 15032c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2064 2066 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 15042c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2067 only - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 15052c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2067 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 15062c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2068 2070 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 15072c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2068 2070 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 15082c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2071 only - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 15092c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2071 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 15102c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2072 2074 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 15112c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2072 2074 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 15122c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2075 only - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 15132c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2075 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 15142c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2076 2078 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 15152c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2076 2078 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 15162c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2079 only - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 15172c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2079 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 15182c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2080 2082 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 15192c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2080 2082 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 15202c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2083 only - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 15212c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2083 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 15222c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2084 2086 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 15232c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2084 2086 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 15242c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2087 only - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 15252c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2087 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 15268fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 15272c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# The following rules are approximations starting in the year 2088. 15282c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# These are the best post-2088 approximations available, given the 15292c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# restrictions of a single rule using ordinary Gregorian dates. 15308fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# At some point this table will need to be extended, though quite 15318fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# possibly Iran will change the rules first. 15322c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2088 max - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 15332c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule Iran 2088 max - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 15348fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 15352865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 15361315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916 15371315084cSEdwin Groothuis 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time 1538dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 3:30 - +0330 1977 Nov 1539dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 Iran +04/+05 1979 1540dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 3:30 Iran +0330/+0430 15411315084cSEdwin Groothuis 15421315084cSEdwin Groothuis 15431315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Iraq 15441315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 15451315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Jonathan Lennox (2000-06-12): 15461315084cSEdwin Groothuis# An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in 15471315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph: 15481315084cSEdwin Groothuis# "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and 15491315084cSEdwin Groothuis# are an hour ahead of Baghdad." 15501315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 15511315084cSEdwin Groothuis# But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows: 15521315084cSEdwin Groothuis# In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi 15531315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred 15541315084cSEdwin Groothuis# to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone 15551315084cSEdwin Groothuis# in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq. 15561315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 15571315084cSEdwin Groothuis# So we'll ignore the Economist's claim. 15581315084cSEdwin Groothuis 15591315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-10): 15601315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The cabinet in Iraq abolished DST last week, according to the following 15611315084cSEdwin Groothuis# news sources (in Arabic): 15621315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html 15631315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10 15641315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 15651315084cSEdwin Groothuis# We have published a short article in English about the change: 15668d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html 15671315084cSEdwin Groothuis 15681315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 156946bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 - 157046bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 157146bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 - 157246bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 - 157346bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - 157446bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 - 1575eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the ':01' is a typo. 15761315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Shanks & Pottenger say Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997; ignore this. 15771315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 157846bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Iraq 1991 2007 - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 - 157946bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Iraq 1991 2007 - Oct 1 3:00s 0 - 15802865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 15811315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890 15821315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time? 1583dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 3:00 - +03 1982 May 1584dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 3:00 Iraq +03/+04 15851315084cSEdwin Groothuis 15861315084cSEdwin Groothuis 15871315084cSEdwin Groothuis############################################################################### 15881315084cSEdwin Groothuis 15891315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Israel 15901315084cSEdwin Groothuis 15911315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11): 15921315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 15931315084cSEdwin Groothuis# I coined "IST/IDT" circa 1988. Until then there were three 15941315084cSEdwin Groothuis# different abbreviations in use: 15951315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 15961315084cSEdwin Groothuis# JST Jerusalem Standard Time [Danny Braniss, Hebrew University] 15971315084cSEdwin Groothuis# IZT Israel Zonal (sic) Time [Prof. Haim Papo, Technion] 15981315084cSEdwin Groothuis# EEST Eastern Europe Standard Time [used by almost everyone else] 15991315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 16001315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Since timezones should be called by country and not capital cities, 16011315084cSEdwin Groothuis# I ruled out JST. As Israel is in Asia Minor and not Eastern Europe, 16021315084cSEdwin Groothuis# EEST was equally unacceptable. Since "zonal" was not compatible with 16031315084cSEdwin Groothuis# any other timezone abbreviation, I felt that 'IST' was the way to go 16041315084cSEdwin Groothuis# and, indeed, it has received almost universal acceptance in timezone 16051315084cSEdwin Groothuis# settings in Israeli computers. 16061315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 16071315084cSEdwin Groothuis# In any case, I am happy to share timezone abbreviations with India, 16081315084cSEdwin Groothuis# high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's 16091315084cSEdwin Groothuis# family is from India). 16101315084cSEdwin Groothuis 16111315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Shanks & Pottenger: 16121315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 16131315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 16141315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 16151315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 16161315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 16171315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 16181315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 16191315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D 16201315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 16211315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD 16221315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D 16231315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 16241315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 16251315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 16261315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S 16271315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 16281315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S 16291315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D 16301315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S 16311315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D 16321315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S 16331315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D 16341315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S 16351315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D 16361315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S 16371315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 16381315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S 16391315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D 16401315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 16411315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D 16421315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S 16431315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D 16441315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S 1645ad48359aSPhilip Paeps 1646ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# From Alois Treindl (2019-03-06): 16472865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# http://www.moin.gov.il/Documents/שעון%20קיץ/clock-50-years-7-2014.pdf 1648ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# From Isaac Starkman (2019-03-06): 1649ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# Summer time was in that period in 1980 and 1984, see 1650ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3951073,00.html 1651ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# You can of course read it in translation. 1652ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# I checked the local newspapers for that years. 1653ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# It started on midnight and end at 01.00 am. 1654ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2019-03-06): 1655ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# Also see this thread about the moin.gov.il URL: 1656ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2018-November/027194.html 1657ad48359aSPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1980 only - Aug 2 0:00 1:00 D 1658ad48359aSPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1980 only - Sep 13 1:00 0 S 1659ad48359aSPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1984 only - May 5 0:00 1:00 D 1660ad48359aSPhilip PaepsRule Zion 1984 only - Aug 25 1:00 0 S 1661ad48359aSPhilip Paeps 1662ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# From Shanks & Pottenger: 16631315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D 16641315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S 16651315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D 16661315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S 16671315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D 16681315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 1669890859c7SEdwin Groothuis 1670890859c7SEdwin Groothuis# From Avigdor Finkelstein (2014-03-05): 1671890859c7SEdwin Groothuis# I check the Parliament (Knesset) records and there it's stated that the 1672890859c7SEdwin Groothuis# [1988] transition should take place on Saturday night, when the Sabbath 1673890859c7SEdwin Groothuis# ends and changes to Sunday. 1674890859c7SEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1988 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 D 1675890859c7SEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1988 only - Sep 4 0:00 0 S 16761315084cSEdwin Groothuis 16771315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Ephraim Silverberg 16781315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17, 2000-07-25, 2004-12-22, 16791315084cSEdwin Groothuis# and 2005-02-17): 16801315084cSEdwin Groothuis 16811315084cSEdwin Groothuis# According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of 16821315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes. 16831315084cSEdwin Groothuis# One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150 16841315084cSEdwin Groothuis# days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to 16851315084cSEdwin Groothuis# daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to 16861315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a 16871315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard 16881315084cSEdwin Groothuis# time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard 16891315084cSEdwin Groothuis# time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid 16901315084cSEdwin Groothuis# conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to 16911315084cSEdwin Groothuis# daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from 16921315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time 16931315084cSEdwin Groothuis# was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for 16941315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was 16951315084cSEdwin Groothuis# similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it 16961315084cSEdwin Groothuis# will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all 16971315084cSEdwin Groothuis# changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no 16981315084cSEdwin Groothuis# rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date 16991315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve 17001315084cSEdwin Groothuis# of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date 17011315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement] 17021315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar). 17031315084cSEdwin Groothuis 17041315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 17051315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D 17061315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 17071315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D 17081315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S 17091315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D 17101315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S 17111315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D 17121315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 17131315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D 17141315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S 17151315084cSEdwin Groothuis 17161315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the 17171315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by 17181315084cSEdwin Groothuis# calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448. 17191315084cSEdwin Groothuis 17201315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 17211315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 17221315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S 17231315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 17241315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 17251315084cSEdwin Groothuis 17261315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the 17271315084cSEdwin Groothuis# time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998 17281315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at: 17291315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 17301315084cSEdwin Groothuis# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz 17311315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 17321315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa. 17331315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 17341315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at: 17351315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 17361315084cSEdwin Groothuis# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz 17371315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 17381315084cSEdwin Groothuis# where YYYY is the relevant year. 17391315084cSEdwin Groothuis 17401315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 17411315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1996 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D 17421315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S 17431315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1997 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 17441315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1997 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S 17451315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D 17461315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 17471315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D 17481315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S 17491315084cSEdwin Groothuis 17501315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for 17511315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the 17521315084cSEdwin Groothuis# years 2001-2004 as well. 17531315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 17541315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at: 17551315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 17561315084cSEdwin Groothuis# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz 17571315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 17581315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates 17591315084cSEdwin Groothuis# for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at: 17601315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 17611315084cSEdwin Groothuis# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz 17621315084cSEdwin Groothuis 17631315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 17641315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 17651315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S 17661315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D 17671315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S 17681315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D 17691315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S 17701315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D 17711315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S 17721315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D 17731315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S 17741315084cSEdwin Groothuis 17751315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The proposed law agreed upon by the Knesset Interior Committee on 17761315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2005-02-14 is that, for 2005 and beyond, DST starts at 02:00 the 17771315084cSEdwin Groothuis# last Friday before April 2nd (i.e. the last Friday in March or April 17781315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1st itself if it falls on a Friday) and ends at 02:00 on the Saturday 17791315084cSEdwin Groothuis# night _before_ the fast of Yom Kippur. 17801315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 17811315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Those who can read Hebrew can view the announcement at: 17821315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 17831315084cSEdwin Groothuis# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2005+beyond.ps 17841315084cSEdwin Groothuis 17851315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 17862865ab3fSPhilip PaepsRule Zion 2005 2012 - Apr Fri<=1 2:00 1:00 D 17871315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 17881315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2006 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S 17891315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2007 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 17901315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2008 only - Oct 5 2:00 0 S 17911315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2009 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 17921315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2010 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 17931315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 17941315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 2:00 0 S 17952029f589SEdwin Groothuis 1796875f3108SEdwin Groothuis# From Ephraim Silverberg (2013-06-27): 1797875f3108SEdwin Groothuis# On June 23, 2013, the Israeli government approved changes to the 1798875f3108SEdwin Groothuis# Time Decree Law. The next day, the changes passed the First Reading 1799875f3108SEdwin Groothuis# in the Knesset. The law is expected to pass the Second and Third 1800875f3108SEdwin Groothuis# (final) Readings by the beginning of September 2013. 18012029f589SEdwin Groothuis# 1802875f3108SEdwin Groothuis# As of 2013, DST starts at 02:00 on the Friday before the last Sunday 1803875f3108SEdwin Groothuis# in March. DST ends at 02:00 on the last Sunday of October. 1804f09b8c49SEdwin Groothuis 18052029f589SEdwin Groothuis# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 18062029f589SEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2013 max - Mar Fri>=23 2:00 1:00 D 1807875f3108SEdwin GroothuisRule Zion 2013 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 18081315084cSEdwin Groothuis 18092865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1810875f3108SEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:54 - LMT 1880 18111315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time? 18121315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2:00 Zion I%sT 18131315084cSEdwin Groothuis 18141315084cSEdwin Groothuis 18151315084cSEdwin Groothuis 18161315084cSEdwin Groothuis############################################################################### 18171315084cSEdwin Groothuis 18181315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Japan 18191315084cSEdwin Groothuis 1820eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# '9:00' and 'JST' is from Guy Harris. 18211315084cSEdwin Groothuis 18221315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (1995-03-06): 18231315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had 1824eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but "the system was discontinued 1825eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours." 18261315084cSEdwin Groothuis 18277ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# From Mayumi Negishi in the 2005-08-10 Japan Times: 18287ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/getarticle.pl5?nn20050810f2.htm 18291315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Occupation authorities imposed daylight-saving time on Japan on 18301315084cSEdwin Groothuis# [1948-05-01].... But lack of prior debate and the execution of 18311315084cSEdwin Groothuis# daylight-saving time just three days after the bill was passed generated 18321315084cSEdwin Groothuis# deep hatred of the concept.... The Diet unceremoniously passed a bill to 18331315084cSEdwin Groothuis# dump the unpopular system in October 1951, less than a month after the San 18341315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Francisco Peace Treaty was signed. (A government poll in 1951 showed 53% 18351315084cSEdwin Groothuis# of the Japanese wanted to scrap daylight-saving time, as opposed to 30% who 18361315084cSEdwin Groothuis# wanted to keep it.) 18371315084cSEdwin Groothuis 1838afb91be3SPhilip Paeps# From Takayuki Nikai (2018-01-19): 1839afb91be3SPhilip Paeps# The source of information is Japanese law. 1840afb91be3SPhilip Paeps# http://www.shugiin.go.jp/internet/itdb_housei.nsf/html/houritsu/00219480428029.htm 1841afb91be3SPhilip Paeps# http://www.shugiin.go.jp/internet/itdb_housei.nsf/html/houritsu/00719500331039.htm 1842afb91be3SPhilip Paeps# ... In summary, it is written as follows. From 24:00 on the first Saturday 1843afb91be3SPhilip Paeps# in May, until 0:00 on the day after the second Saturday in September. 184489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps 184589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# From Phake Nick (2018-09-27): 184689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# [T]he webpage authored by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 184789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# https://eco.mtk.nao.ac.jp/koyomi/wiki/BBFEB9EF2FB2C6BBFEB9EF.html 184889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# ... mentioned that using Showa 23 (year 1948) as example, 13pm of September 184989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 11 in summer time will equal to 0am of September 12 in standard time. 185089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# It cited a document issued by the Liaison Office which briefly existed 185189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# during the postwar period of Japan, where the detail on implementation 185289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# of the summer time is described in the document. 185389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# https://eco.mtk.nao.ac.jp/koyomi/wiki/BBFEB9EF2FB2C6BBFEB9EFB2C6BBFEB9EFA4CEBCC2BBDCA4CBA4C4A4A4A4C6.pdf 185489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# The text in the document do instruct a fall back to occur at 185589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# September 11, 13pm in summer time, while ordinary citizens can 185689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# change the clock before they sleep. 185789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 185889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2018-09-27): 185989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# This instruction is equivalent to "Sat>=8 25:00", so use that. zic treats 186089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# it like "Sun>=9 01:00", which is not quite the same but is the best we can 186189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# do in any POSIX or C platform. The "25:00" assumes zic from 2007 or later, 186289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# which should be safe now. 186389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps 18641315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1865afb91be3SPhilip PaepsRule Japan 1948 only - May Sat>=1 24:00 1:00 D 186689abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 25:00 0 S 1867afb91be3SPhilip PaepsRule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sat>=1 24:00 1:00 D 1868afb91be3SPhilip PaepsRule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sat>=1 24:00 1:00 D 18691315084cSEdwin Groothuis 18701315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09): 18711315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical 187246bee4edSPhilip Paeps# Observatory: 139° 44' 40.90" E (9h 18m 58.727s), 35° 39' 16.0" N. 18731315084cSEdwin Groothuis# This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996' 18741315084cSEdwin Groothuis# edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan.... 18751315084cSEdwin Groothuis# JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST). 18761315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The law is enacted on 1886-07-07. 18771315084cSEdwin Groothuis 18781315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16): 18791315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan, 188046bee4edSPhilip Paeps# which stands for the time on 135° E. 18811315084cSEdwin Groothuis# In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central 18821315084cSEdwin Groothuis# standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard 188346bee4edSPhilip Paeps# time", which stands for the time on 120° E.... But "western standard 18841315084cSEdwin Groothuis# time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No. 18851315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is 18861315084cSEdwin Groothuis# standard.... 18871315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 18881315084cSEdwin Groothuis# I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate. 18891315084cSEdwin Groothuis# In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor. 18901315084cSEdwin Groothuis 1891eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2013-07-12): 1892eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# ...the Meiji Emperor announced Ordinance No. 167 of Meiji Year 28 "The clause 1893eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# about standard time" ... The adoption began from Jan 1, 1896. 18948d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/標準時ニ關スル件_(公布時) 1895eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 1896eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# ...the Showa Emperor announced Ordinance No. 529 of Showa Year 12 ... which 1897eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# means the whole Japan territory, including later occupations, adopt Japan 1898f2fcff28SPhilip Paeps# Central Time (UT+9). The adoption began on Oct 1, 1937. 18998d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/明治二十八年勅令第百六十七號標準時ニ關スル件中改正ノ件 19001315084cSEdwin Groothuis 19012865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 19021315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u 19031315084cSEdwin Groothuis 9:00 Japan J%sT 19042c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo, 19052c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# except that Truk (Chuuk), Ponape (Pohnpei), and Jaluit (Kosrae) did not 19062c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# switch from +10 to +09 until 1941-04-01; see the 'australasia' file. 19071315084cSEdwin Groothuis 19081315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Jordan 19091315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1910eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From <http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html> 1911eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Jordan Week (1999-07-01) via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): 19121315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight, 19131315084cSEdwin Groothuis# in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time 19141315084cSEdwin Groothuis# all year round. 19151315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 1916eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From <http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html> 1917eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Jordan Week (1999-09-30) via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09): 19181315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back 19191315084cSEdwin Groothuis# by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final! 19201315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in 19211315084cSEdwin Groothuis# government's departments from six to seven hours. 19221315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 19231315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 19241315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Starting 2003 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 19251315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 19261315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 19271315084cSEdwin Groothuis# For Jordan I have received multiple independent user reports every year 19281315084cSEdwin Groothuis# about DST end dates, as the end-rule is different every year. 19291315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 19301315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-10-01), after a heads-up from Hilal Malawi: 19311315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.petranews.gov.jo/nepras/2006/Sep/05/4000.htm 19321315084cSEdwin Groothuis# "Jordan will switch to winter time on Friday, October 27". 19331315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 19341315084cSEdwin Groothuis 19351315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-04-02): 19361315084cSEdwin Groothuis# This single one might be good enough, (2009-03-24, Arabic): 19371315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279 19381315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 19391315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Google's translation: 19401315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 19411315084cSEdwin Groothuis# > The Council of Ministers decided in 2002 to adopt the principle of timely 19421315084cSEdwin Groothuis# > submission of the summer at 60 minutes as of midnight on the last Thursday 19431315084cSEdwin Groothuis# > of the month of March of each year. 19441315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 19451315084cSEdwin Groothuis# So - this means the midnight between Thursday and Friday since 2002. 19461315084cSEdwin Groothuis 19471315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-06): 19481315084cSEdwin Groothuis# We still have Jordan switching to DST on Thursdays in 2000 and 2001. 19491315084cSEdwin Groothuis 19502029f589SEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-10-25): 19512029f589SEdwin Groothuis# Yesterday the government in Jordan announced that they will not 19522029f589SEdwin Groothuis# switch back to standard time this winter, so the will stay on DST 19532029f589SEdwin Groothuis# until about the same time next year (at least). 19542029f589SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.petra.gov.jo/Public_News/Nws_NewsDetails.aspx?NewsID=88950 1955668615cdSEdwin Groothuis 1956668615cdSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-12-11): 1957668615cdSEdwin Groothuis# Jordan Times and other sources say that Jordan is going back to 1958668615cdSEdwin Groothuis# UTC+2 on 2013-12-19 at midnight: 1959668615cdSEdwin Groothuis# http://jordantimes.com/govt-decides-to-switch-back-to-wintertime 1960668615cdSEdwin Groothuis# Official, in Arabic: 1961668615cdSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.petra.gov.jo/public_news/Nws_NewsDetails.aspx?Menu_ID=&Site_Id=2&lang=1&NewsID=133230&CatID=14 1962668615cdSEdwin Groothuis# ... Our background/permalink about it 19638d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/jordan-reverses-dst-decision.html 1964668615cdSEdwin Groothuis# ... 1965668615cdSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.petra.gov.jo/Public_News/Nws_NewsDetails.aspx?lang=2&site_id=1&NewsID=133313&Type=P 1966668615cdSEdwin Groothuis# ... says midnight for the coming one and 1:00 for the ones in the future 1967668615cdSEdwin Groothuis# (and they will use DST again next year, using the normal schedule). 1968668615cdSEdwin Groothuis 1969668615cdSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2013-12-11): 1970668615cdSEdwin Groothuis# As Steffen suggested, consider the past 21-month experiment to be DST. 19712029f589SEdwin Groothuis 19721315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 19731315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S 19741315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 19751315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 19761315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 19771315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 19781315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 19791315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 19801315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 19811315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 19821315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 19831315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 19841315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S 19851315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S 19861315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S 19871315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 - 19881315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S 19891315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 19901315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 19911315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 19921315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 - 19931315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S 19941315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 1999 2002 - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 19951315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 2000 2001 - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 1996c26a5802SEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 2002 2012 - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S 19971315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 2003 only - Oct 24 0:00s 0 - 19981315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 2004 only - Oct 15 0:00s 0 - 19991315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 2005 only - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 2000668615cdSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 2006 2011 - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 - 2001668615cdSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 2013 only - Dec 20 0:00 0 - 2002668615cdSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 2014 max - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S 2003668615cdSEdwin GroothuisRule Jordan 2014 max - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 - 20042865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 20051315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931 2006668615cdSEdwin Groothuis 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 20071315084cSEdwin Groothuis 20081315084cSEdwin Groothuis 20091315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Kazakhstan 20101315084cSEdwin Groothuis 20116790a258SEdwin Groothuis# From Kazakhstan Embassy's News Bulletin No. 11 2012eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# <http://www.kazsociety.org.uk/news/2005/03/30.htm> (2005-03-21): 20131315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The Government of Kazakhstan passed a resolution March 15 abolishing 20141315084cSEdwin Groothuis# daylight saving time citing lack of economic benefits and health 20151315084cSEdwin Groothuis# complications coupled with a decrease in productivity. 20161315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 20171315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Branislav Kojic (in Astana) via Gwillim Law (2005-06-28): 20181315084cSEdwin Groothuis# ... what happened was that the former Kazakhstan Eastern time zone 20191315084cSEdwin Groothuis# was "blended" with the Central zone. Therefore, Kazakhstan now has 20201315084cSEdwin Groothuis# two time zones, and difference between them is one hour. The zone 20211315084cSEdwin Groothuis# closer to UTC is the former Western zone (probably still called the 2022e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# same), encompassing four provinces in the west: Aqtöbe, Atyraū, 2023e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# Mangghystaū, and West Kazakhstan. The other zone encompasses 20241315084cSEdwin Groothuis# everything else.... I guess that would make Kazakhstan time zones 20251315084cSEdwin Groothuis# de jure UTC+5 and UTC+6 respectively. 20261315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2027e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-27): 20288fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Review of the linked documents from http://adilet.zan.kz/ 20298fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# produced the following data for post-1991 Kazakhstan: 20308fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 20318fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 0. Act of the Cabinet of Ministers of the USSR 20328fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# from 1991-02-04 No. 20 20338fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?docbody=&nd=102010545 20348fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# removed the extra hour ("decree time") on the territory of the USSR 20358fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# starting with the last Sunday of March 1991. 20368fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# It also allowed (but not mandated) Kazakh SSR, Kirghiz SSR, Tajik SSR, 20378fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Turkmen SSR and Uzbek SSR to not have "summer" time. 20388fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 20398fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# The 1992-01-13 act also refers to the act of the Cabinet of Ministers 20408fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# of the Kazakh SSR from 1991-03-20 No. 170 "About the act of the Cabinet 20418fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# of Ministers of the USSR from 1991-02-04 No. 20" but I didn't found its 20428fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# text. 20438fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 20448fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# According to Izvestia newspaper No. 68 (23334) from 1991-03-20 20452865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# -- page 6; available at http://libinfo.org/newsr/newsr2574.djvu via 20462865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# http://libinfo.org/index.php?id=58564 -- on 1991-03-31 at 2:00 during 20478fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# transition to "summer" time: 20488fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Republic of Georgia, Latvian SSR, Lithuanian SSR, SSR Moldova, 20498fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Estonian SSR; Komi ASSR; Kaliningrad oblast; Nenets autonomous okrug 20508fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# were to move clocks 1 hour forward. 20518fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Kazakh SSR (excluding Uralsk oblast); Republic of Kyrgyzstan, Tajik 20528fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# SSR; Andijan, Jizzakh, Namangan, Sirdarya, Tashkent, Fergana oblasts 20538fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# of the Uzbek SSR were to move clocks 1 hour backwards. 20548fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Other territories were to not move clocks. 20558fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# When the "summer" time would end on 1991-09-29, clocks were to be 20568fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# moved 1 hour backwards on the territory of the USSR excluding 20578fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Kazakhstan, Kirghizia, Uzbekistan, Turkmenia, Tajikistan. 20588fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 20598fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Apparently there were last minute changes. Apparently Kazakh act No. 170 20608fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# was one of such changes. 20618fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 20622865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Декретное_время 20638fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# claims that Sovetskaya Rossiya newspaper on 1991-03-29 published that 20648fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Nenets autonomous okrug, Komi and Kazakhstan (excluding Uralsk oblast) 20658fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# were to not move clocks and Uralsk oblast was to move clocks 20668fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# forward; on 1991-09-29 Kazakhstan was to move clocks backwards. 20678fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# (Probably there were changes even after that publication. There is an 20688fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# article claiming that Kaliningrad oblast decided on 1991-03-29 to not 20698fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# move clocks.) 20708fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 20718fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# This implies that on 1991-03-31 Asia/Oral remained on +04/+05 while 20728fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# the rest of Kazakhstan switched from +06/+07 to +05/06 or from +05/06 2073e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# to +04/+05. It's unclear how Qyzylorda oblast moved into the fifth 20748fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# time belt. (By switching from +04/+05 to +05/+06 on 1991-09-29?) ... 20758fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 20768fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 1. Act of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Kazakhstan 20778fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# from 1992-01-13 No. 28 20788fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P920000028_ 20798fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# (text includes modification from the 1996 act) 20808fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# introduced new rules for calculation of time, mirroring Russian 20818fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 1992-01-08 act. It specified that time would be calculated 20828fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# according to time belts plus extra hour ("decree time"), moved clocks 20838fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# on the whole territory of Kazakhstan 1 hour forward on 1992-01-19 at 20848fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 2:00, specified DST rules. It acknowledged that Kazakhstan was 20858fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# located in the fourth and the fifth time belts and specified the 2086e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# border between them to be located east of Qostanay and Aktyubinsk 2087e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# oblasts (notably including Turgai and Qyzylorda oblasts into the fifth 20888fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# time belt). 20898fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 20908fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# This means switch on 1992-01-19 at 2:00 from +04/+05 to +05/+06 for 2091e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# Asia/Aqtau, Asia/Aqtobe, Asia/Oral, Atyraū and Qostanay oblasts; from 2092e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# +05/+06 to +06/+07 for Asia/Almaty and Asia/Qyzylorda (and Arkalyk).... 20938fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 20948fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 2. Act of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Kazakhstan 20958fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# from 1992-03-27 No. 284 20968fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P920000284_ 2097e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# cancels extra hour ("decree time") for Uralsk and Qyzylorda oblasts 20988fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# since the last Sunday of March 1992, while keeping them in the fourth 20998fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# and the fifth time belts respectively. 21008fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 21018fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 3. Order of the Prime Minister of the Republic of Kazakhstan 21028fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# from 1994-09-23 No. 384 21038fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/R940000384_ 2104e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# cancels the extra hour ("decree time") on the territory of Mangghystaū 21058fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# oblast since the last Sunday of September 1994 (saying that time on 21068fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# the territory would correspond to the third time belt as a 21078fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# result).... 21088fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 21098fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 4. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan 21108fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# from 1996-05-08 No. 575 21118fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P960000575_ 21128fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# amends the 1992-01-13 act to end summer time in October instead 21138fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# of September, mirroring identical Russian change from 1996-04-23 act. 21148fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 21158fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 5. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan 21168fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# from 1999-03-26 No. 305 21178fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P990000305_ 2118e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# cancels the extra hour ("decree time") for Atyraū oblast since the 21198fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# last Sunday of March 1999 while retaining the oblast in the fourth 21208fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# time belt. 21218fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 2122e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# This means change from +05/+06 to +04/+05.... 21238fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 21248fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 6. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan 21258fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# from 2000-11-23 No. 1749 21268fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/archive/docs/P000001749_/23.11.2000 21278fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# replaces the previous five documents. 21288fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 21298fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# The only changes I noticed are in definition of the border between the 21308fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# fourth and the fifth time belts. They account for changes in spelling 21318fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# and administrative division (splitting of Turgai oblast in 1997 2132e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# probably changed time in territories incorporated into Qostanay oblast 2133e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# (including Arkalyk) from +06/+07 to +05/+06) and move Qyzylorda oblast 21348fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# from being in the fifth time belt and not using decree time into the 2135e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# fourth time belt (no change in practice). 21368fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 21378fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 7. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan 21388fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# from 2003-12-29 No. 1342 21398fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P030001342_ 21408fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# modified the 2000-11-23 act. No relevant changes, apparently. 21418fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 21428fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 8. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan 21438fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# from 2004-07-20 No. 775 21448fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/archive/docs/P040000775_/20.07.2004 2145e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# modified the 2000-11-23 act to move Qostanay and Qyzylorda oblasts into 21468fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# the fifth time belt and add Aktobe oblast to the list of regions not 21478fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# using extra hour ("decree time"), leaving Kazakhstan with only 2 time 21488fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# zones (+04/+05 and +06/+07). The changes were to be implemented 21498fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# during DST transitions in 2004 and 2005 but the acts got radically 21508fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# amended before implementation happened. 21518fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 21528fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 9. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan 21538fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# from 2004-09-15 No. 1059 21548fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P040001059_ 21558fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# modified the 2000-11-23 act to remove exceptions from the "decree time" 21568fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# (leaving Kazakhstan in +05/+06 and +06/+07 zones), amended the 2157e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# 2004-07-20 act to implement changes for Atyraū, West Kazakhstan, 2158e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# Qostanay, Qyzylorda and Mangghystaū oblasts by not moving clocks 2159e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# during the 2004 transition to "winter" time. 21608fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 2161e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# This means transition from +04/+05 to +05/+06 for Atyraū oblast (no 21628fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# zone currently), Asia/Oral, Asia/Aqtau and transition from +05/+06 to 2163e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# +06/+07 for Qostanay oblast (Qostanay and Arkalyk, no zones currently) 2164e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# and Asia/Qyzylorda on 2004-10-31 at 3:00.... 21658fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 21668fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 10. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan 21678fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# from 2005-03-15 No. 231 21688fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P050000231_ 21698fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# removes DST provisions from the 2000-11-23 act, removes most of the 21708fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# (already implemented) provisions from the 2004-07-20 and 2004-09-15 21718fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# acts, comes into effect 10 days after official publication. 21728fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# The only practical effect seems to be the abolition of the summer 21738fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# time. 21748fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 21758fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Unamended version of the act of the Government of the Russian Federation 21768fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# No. 23 from 1992-01-08 [See 'europe' file for details]. 21778fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Kazakh 1992-01-13 act appears to provide the same rules and 1992-03-27 21788fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# act was to be enacted on the last Sunday of March 1992. 21798fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 2180dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# From Stepan Golosunov (2016-11-08): 2181dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# Turgai reorganization should affect only southern part of Qostanay 2182dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# oblast. Which should probably be separated into Asia/Arkalyk zone. 2183dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# (There were also 1970, 1988 and 1990 Turgai oblast reorganizations 2184dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# according to wikipedia.) 2185dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# 2186dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# [For Qostanay] http://www.ng.kz/gazeta/195/hranit/ 2187dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# suggests that clocks were to be moved 40 minutes backwards on 2188dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# 1920-01-01 to the fourth time belt. But I do not understand 2189dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# how that could happen.... 2190dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# 2191dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# [For Atyrau and Oral] 1919 decree 2192dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# (http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia-1919-02-08.html 2193dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# and in Byalokoz) lists Ural river (plus 10 versts on its left bank) in 2194dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# the third time belt (before 1930 this means +03). 2195dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 21962c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# From Alexander Konzurovski (2018-12-20): 21972c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# Qyzyolrda Region (Asia/Qyzylorda) is changing its time zone from 21982c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# UTC+6 to UTC+5 effective December 21st, 2018. The legal document is 21992c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# located here: http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P1800000817 (russian language). 22008fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 22012865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 22021315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 22031315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan 22048fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# This includes KZ-AKM, KZ-ALA, KZ-ALM, KZ-AST, KZ-BAY, KZ-VOS, KZ-ZHA, 22058fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# KZ-KAR, KZ-SEV, KZ-PAV, and KZ-YUZ. 22061315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata 22078fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 1930 Jun 21 22088fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 22098fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 22108fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07 2004 Oct 31 2:00s 22118fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 - +06 22128fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.) (KZ-KZY) 22131315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Qyzylorda 4:21:52 - LMT 1924 May 2 22148fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21 22158fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 1981 Apr 1 22168fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 1:00 +06 1981 Oct 1 22178fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1 22188fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 22198fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 22208fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 22218fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 22228fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 2004 Oct 31 2:00s 22232c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 6:00 - +06 2018 Dec 21 0:00 22242c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 5:00 - +05 2225e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# 22262c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# Qostanay (aka Kostanay, Kustanay) (KZ-KUS) 22272c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# The 1991/2 rules are unclear partly because of the 1997 Turgai 22282c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# reorganization. 22292c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsZone Asia/Qostanay 4:14:28 - LMT 1924 May 2 22302c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21 22312c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 5:00 - +05 1981 Apr 1 22322c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 5:00 1:00 +06 1981 Oct 1 22332c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1 22342c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 22352c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 22362c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 2004 Oct 31 2:00s 22372c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 6:00 - +06 22382c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 2239e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# Aqtöbe (aka Aktobe, formerly Aktyubinsk) (KZ-AKT) 22401315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2 22418fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21 22428fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 1981 Apr 1 22438fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 1:00 +06 1981 Oct 1 22448fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1 22458fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 22468fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 22478fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 2004 Oct 31 2:00s 22488fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 2249e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# Mangghystaū (KZ-MAN) 22501315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Aqtau was not founded until 1963, but it represents an inhabited region, 22511315084cSEdwin Groothuis# so include timestamps before 1963. 22521315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2 22538fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21 22548fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 1981 Oct 1 22558fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1 22568fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 22578fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 22588fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1994 Sep 25 2:00s 22598fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 2004 Oct 31 2:00s 22608fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 2261e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# Atyraū (KZ-ATY) is like Mangghystaū except it switched from 2262e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin# +04/+05 to +05/+06 in spring 1999, not fall 1994. 2263e350c46aSBaptiste DaroussinZone Asia/Atyrau 3:27:44 - LMT 1924 May 2 2264dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21 2265e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 1981 Oct 1 2266e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1 2267e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2268e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2269e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1999 Mar 28 2:00s 2270e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 2004 Oct 31 2:00s 2271e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 22728fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# West Kazakhstan (KZ-ZAP) 22738fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): 22748fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). 22751315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Oral 3:25:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ural'sk 2276dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21 22778fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 1981 Apr 1 22788fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 1:00 +06 1981 Oct 1 22798fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1 22808fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 22818fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 22828fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 22838fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 2004 Oct 31 2:00s 22848fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 22851315084cSEdwin Groothuis 22861315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan) 22871315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger. 22881315084cSEdwin Groothuis 22891315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-15): 22901315084cSEdwin Groothuis# According to an article dated today in the Kyrgyzstan Development Gateway 22917ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# http://eng.gateway.kg/cgi-bin/page.pl?id=1&story_name=doc9979.shtml 22921315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Kyrgyzstan is canceling the daylight saving time system. I take the article 22931315084cSEdwin Groothuis# to mean that they will leave their clocks at 6 hours ahead of UTC. 22941315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Malik Abdugaliev (2005-09-21): 22951315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Our government cancels daylight saving time 6th of August 2005. 22961315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From 2005-08-12 our GMT-offset is +6, w/o any daylight saving. 22971315084cSEdwin Groothuis 22981315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 229946bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00s 1:00 - 23001315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 230146bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Kyrgyz 1997 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 - 23021315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Kyrgyz 1997 2004 - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 - 23032865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 23041315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 23058fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 1930 Jun 21 23068fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 23078fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Aug 31 2:00 23088fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 Kyrgyz +05/+06 2005 Aug 12 23098fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 - +06 23101315084cSEdwin Groothuis 23111315084cSEdwin Groothuis############################################################################### 23121315084cSEdwin Groothuis 23131315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Korea (North and South) 23141315084cSEdwin Groothuis 23157ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# From Annie I. Bang (2006-07-10): 2316d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=200607100012 2317d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# Korea ran a daylight saving program from 1949-61 but stopped it 2318d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# during the 1950-53 Korean War. The system was temporarily enforced 2319d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# between 1987 and 1988 ... 23201315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2321d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# From Sanghyuk Jung (2014-10-29): 23228d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2014-October/021830.html 2323d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# According to the Korean Wikipedia 23248d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/한국_표준시 2325d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# [oldid=12896437 2014-09-04 08:03 UTC] 2326d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# DST in Republic of Korea was as follows.... And I checked old 2327d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# newspapers in Korean, all articles correspond with data in Wikipedia. 2328d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# For example, the article in 1948 (Korean Language) proved that DST 2329d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# started at June 1 in that year. For another example, the article in 2330d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# 1988 said that DST started at 2:00 AM in that year. 2331d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis 23322c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# From Phake Nick (2018-10-27): 23332c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 1. According to official announcement from Korean government, the DST end 23342c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# date in South Korea should be 23352c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 1955-09-08 without specifying time 23362c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# http://theme.archives.go.kr/next/common/viewEbook.do?singleData=N&archiveEventId=0027977557 23372c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 1956-09-29 without specifying time 23382c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# http://theme.archives.go.kr/next/common/viewEbook.do?singleData=N&archiveEventId=0027978341 23392c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 1957-09-21 24 o'clock 23402c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# http://theme.archives.go.kr/next/common/viewEbook.do?singleData=N&archiveEventId=0027979690#3 23412c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 1958-09-20 24 o'clock 23422c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# http://theme.archives.go.kr/next/common/viewEbook.do?singleData=N&archiveEventId=0027981189 23432c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 1959-09-19 24 o'clock 23442c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# http://theme.archives.go.kr/next/common/viewEbook.do?singleData=N&archiveEventId=0027982974#2 23452c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 1960-09-17 24 o'clock 23462c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# http://theme.archives.go.kr/next/common/viewEbook.do?singleData=N&archiveEventId=0028044104 23472c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# ... 23482c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 2.... https://namu.wiki/w/대한민국%20표준시 ... [says] 23492c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# when Korea was using GMT+8:30 as standard time, the international 23502c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# aviation/marine/meteorological industry in the country refused to 23512c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# follow and continued to use GMT+9:00 for interoperability. 23522c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 23532c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 23541315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2355d61d836cSEdwin GroothuisRule ROK 1948 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 23562c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule ROK 1948 only - Sep 12 24:00 0 S 2357d61d836cSEdwin GroothuisRule ROK 1949 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 D 23582c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule ROK 1949 1951 - Sep Sat>=7 24:00 0 S 2359d61d836cSEdwin GroothuisRule ROK 1950 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 2360d61d836cSEdwin GroothuisRule ROK 1951 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 D 2361d61d836cSEdwin GroothuisRule ROK 1955 only - May 5 0:00 1:00 D 23622c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule ROK 1955 only - Sep 8 24:00 0 S 2363d61d836cSEdwin GroothuisRule ROK 1956 only - May 20 0:00 1:00 D 23642c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule ROK 1956 only - Sep 29 24:00 0 S 2365d61d836cSEdwin GroothuisRule ROK 1957 1960 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D 23662c5e84ccSPhilip PaepsRule ROK 1957 1960 - Sep Sat>=17 24:00 0 S 2367d61d836cSEdwin GroothuisRule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D 2368d61d836cSEdwin GroothuisRule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun>=8 3:00 0 S 23691315084cSEdwin Groothuis 23708fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# From Paul Eggert (2016-08-23): 2371d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# The Korean Wikipedia entry gives the following sources for UT offsets: 2372d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# 23738fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 1908: Official Journal Article No. 3994 (decree No. 5) 2374d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# 1912: Governor-General of Korea Official Gazette Issue No. 367 2375d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# (Announcement No. 338) 2376d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# 1954: Presidential Decree No. 876 (1954-03-17) 2377d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# 1961: Law No. 676 (1961-08-07) 2378d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# 23798fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# (Another source "1987: Law No. 3919 (1986-12-31)" was in the 2014-10-30 23808fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# edition of the Korean Wikipedia entry.) 2381d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# 2382d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# I guessed that time zone abbreviations through 1945 followed the same 2383eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# rules as discussed under Taiwan, with nominal switches from JST to KST 2384eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# when the respective cities were taken over by the Allies after WWII. 2385d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis# 23868fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# For Pyongyang, guess no changes from World War II until 2015, as we 23878fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# have no information otherwise. 2388eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov 23896790a258SEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2015-08-07): 23906790a258SEdwin Groothuis# According to many news sources, North Korea is going to change to 23916790a258SEdwin Groothuis# the 8:30 time zone on August 15, one example: 23926790a258SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-33815049 23936790a258SEdwin Groothuis# 23942d9bf4ceSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2015-08-15): 23952d9bf4ceSEdwin Groothuis# Bells rang out midnight (00:00) Friday as part of the celebrations. See: 23962d9bf4ceSEdwin Groothuis# Talmadge E. North Korea celebrates new time zone, 'Pyongyang Time' 23972d9bf4ceSEdwin Groothuis# http://news.yahoo.com/north-korea-celebrates-time-zone-pyongyang-time-164038128.html 23986790a258SEdwin Groothuis# There is no common English-language abbreviation for this time zone. 23992d9bf4ceSEdwin Groothuis# Use KST, as that's what we already use for 1954-1961 in ROK. 24006790a258SEdwin Groothuis 2401d81c2dd9SPhilip Paeps# From Kang Seonghoon (2018-04-29): 2402d81c2dd9SPhilip Paeps# North Korea will revert its time zone from UTC+8:30 (PYT; Pyongyang 2403d81c2dd9SPhilip Paeps# Time) back to UTC+9 (KST; Korea Standard Time). 2404d81c2dd9SPhilip Paeps# 2405d81c2dd9SPhilip Paeps# From Seo Sanghyeon (2018-04-30): 2406d81c2dd9SPhilip Paeps# Rodong Sinmun 2018-04-30 announced Pyongyang Time transition plan. 2407d81c2dd9SPhilip Paeps# https://www.nknews.org/kcna/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2018/04/rodong-2018-04-30.pdf 2408d81c2dd9SPhilip Paeps# ... the transition date is 2018-05-05 ... Citation should be Decree 2409d81c2dd9SPhilip Paeps# No. 2232 of April 30, 2018, of the Presidium of the Supreme People's 2410d81c2dd9SPhilip Paeps# Assembly, as published in Rodong Sinmun. 2411d81c2dd9SPhilip Paeps# From Tim Parenti (2018-04-29): 2412d81c2dd9SPhilip Paeps# It appears to be the front page story at the top in the right-most column. 241389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 241489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2018-05-04): 241589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# The BBC reported that the transition was from 23:30 to 24:00 today. 241689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-44010705 2417d81c2dd9SPhilip Paeps 24182865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2419d61d836cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1908 Apr 1 2420d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis 8:30 - KST 1912 Jan 1 2421eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 8 24221315084cSEdwin Groothuis 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 2423d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis 8:30 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10 24241315084cSEdwin Groothuis 9:00 ROK K%sT 2425d61d836cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1908 Apr 1 2426d61d836cSEdwin Groothuis 8:30 - KST 1912 Jan 1 2427eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 24 24282d9bf4ceSEdwin Groothuis 9:00 - KST 2015 Aug 15 00:00 242989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps 8:30 - KST 2018 May 4 23:30 2430d81c2dd9SPhilip Paeps 9:00 - KST 24311315084cSEdwin Groothuis 24321315084cSEdwin Groothuis############################################################################### 24331315084cSEdwin Groothuis 24341315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Kuwait 24352627f31fSEdwin Groothuis# See Asia/Riyadh. 24361315084cSEdwin Groothuis 24371315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Laos 24387ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# See Asia/Bangkok. 24397ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis 24401315084cSEdwin Groothuis 24411315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Lebanon 24421315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 24431315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S 24441315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 - 24451315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 24461315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 24471315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 24481315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 24491315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S 24501315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 24511315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 24521315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 24531315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S 24541315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 24551315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 24561315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 24571315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 24581315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 24591315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 - 24601315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 24611315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 24621315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 24631315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - 24641315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 24651315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 24661315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 24672865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 24681315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880 24691315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT 24701315084cSEdwin Groothuis 24711315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Malaysia 24721315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 247346bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 - 24741315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 - 24751315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 24761315084cSEdwin Groothuis# peninsular Malaysia 24777ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 24787ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html 24792865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 24801315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:46 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 24811315084cSEdwin Groothuis 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 2482dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:00 - +07 1933 Jan 1 2483dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:00 0:20 +0720 1936 Jan 1 2484dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:20 - +0720 1941 Sep 1 2485dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:30 - +0730 1942 Feb 16 2486dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 12 2487dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:30 - +0730 1982 Jan 1 2488dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 8:00 - +08 24891315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Sabah & Sarawak 24907ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2014-08-12): 24917ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# The data entries here are mostly from Shanks & Pottenger, but the 1942, 1945 24927ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# and 1982 transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng. 24932865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 24941315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar 2495dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:30 - +0730 1933 2496dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 8:00 NBorneo +08/+0820 1942 Feb 16 2497dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 12 2498dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 8:00 - +08 24991315084cSEdwin Groothuis 25001315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Maldives 25012865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2502f2fcff28SPhilip PaepsZone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Malé 2503f2fcff28SPhilip Paeps 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Malé Mean Time 2504dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 25051315084cSEdwin Groothuis 25061315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Mongolia 25071315084cSEdwin Groothuis 25081315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Shanks & Pottenger say that Mongolia has three time zones, but 2509eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# The USNO (1995-12-21) and the CIA map Standard Time Zones of the World 2510eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# (2005-03) both say that it has just one. 25111315084cSEdwin Groothuis 25121315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11): 25131315084cSEdwin Groothuis# General Information Mongolia 2514eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# <http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm> (1999-09) 25151315084cSEdwin Groothuis# "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of 2516eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Bayan-Ölgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and 25171315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus 25181315084cSEdwin Groothuis# eight hours." 25191315084cSEdwin Groothuis 25201315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Rives McDow (1999-12-13): 25211315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998 25221315084cSEdwin Groothuis# being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am 25231315084cSEdwin Groothuis# unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time 25241315084cSEdwin Groothuis# of implementation may have been different.... 25251315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time 25261315084cSEdwin Groothuis# zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod, 2527eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Sükhbaatar, and possibly Khentii. 25281315084cSEdwin Groothuis 25291315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15): 25301315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia. 25311315084cSEdwin Groothuis# We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone; 25321315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us, 25331315084cSEdwin Groothuis# and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd 25341315084cSEdwin Groothuis# is good enough for our purposes. 25351315084cSEdwin Groothuis 25361315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Rives McDow (2001-05-13): 25371315084cSEdwin Groothuis# In addition to Mongolia starting daylight savings as reported earlier 25381315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (adopted DST on 2001-04-27 02:00 local time, ending 2001-09-28), 25391315084cSEdwin Groothuis# there are three time zones. 25401315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2541eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Provinces [at 7:00]: Bayan-Ölgii, Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, Govi-Altai 2542eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Provinces [at 8:00]: Khövsgöl, Bulgan, Arkhangai, Khentii, Töv, 2543eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Bayankhongor, Övörkhangai, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Ömnögovi 2544eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Provinces [at 9:00]: Dornod, Sükhbaatar 25451315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 25461315084cSEdwin Groothuis# [The province of Selenge is omitted from the above lists.] 25471315084cSEdwin Groothuis 25481315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Ganbold Ts., Ulaanbaatar (2004-04-17): 25491315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Daylight saving occurs at 02:00 local time last Saturday of March. 25501315084cSEdwin Groothuis# It will change back to normal at 02:00 local time last Saturday of 25511315084cSEdwin Groothuis# September.... As I remember this rule was changed in 2001. 25521315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 25531315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2004-04-17): 25541315084cSEdwin Groothuis# For now, assume Rives McDow's informant got confused about Friday vs 25551315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Saturday, and that his 2001 dates should have 1 added to them. 25561315084cSEdwin Groothuis 25571315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26): 25581315084cSEdwin Groothuis# We have wildly conflicting information about Mongolia's time zones. 25591315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Bill Bonnet (2005-05-19) reports that the US Embassy in Ulaanbaatar says 25601315084cSEdwin Groothuis# there is only one time zone and that DST is observed, citing Microsoft 2561eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Windows XP as the source. Risto Nykänen (2005-05-16) reports that 25628fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# travelmongolia.org says there are two time zones (UT +07, +08) with no DST. 25631315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-20) reports that the Mongolian Embassy in 25641315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Washington, DC says there are two time zones, with DST observed. 25651315084cSEdwin Groothuis# He also found 25667ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?subaction=showcomments&id=1111634894&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1& 25671315084cSEdwin Groothuis# which also says that there is DST, and which has a comment by "Toddius" 25681315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (2005-03-31 06:05 +0700) saying "Mongolia actually has 3.5 time zones. 25691315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The West (OLGII) is +7 GMT, most of the country is ULAT is +8 GMT 2570eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# and some Eastern provinces are +9 GMT but Sükhbaatar Aimag is SUHK +8.5 GMT. 25711315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The SUKH timezone is new this year, it is one of the few things the 25721315084cSEdwin Groothuis# parliament passed during the tumultuous winter session." 25731315084cSEdwin Groothuis# For now, let's ignore this information, until we have more confirmation. 25741315084cSEdwin Groothuis 25751315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Ganbold Ts. (2007-02-26): 25761315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Parliament of Mongolia has just changed the daylight-saving rule in February. 25771315084cSEdwin Groothuis# They decided not to adopt daylight-saving time.... 25781315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.mongolnews.mn/index.php?module=unuudur&sec=view&id=15742 25791315084cSEdwin Groothuis 25801315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Deborah Goldsmith (2008-03-30): 25811315084cSEdwin Groothuis# We received a bug report claiming that the tz database UTC offset for 25821315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Asia/Choibalsan (GMT+09:00) is incorrect, and that it should be GMT 25831315084cSEdwin Groothuis# +08:00 instead. Different sources appear to disagree with the tz 25841315084cSEdwin Groothuis# database on this, e.g.: 25851315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 25868d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026 25871315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx 25881315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 25891315084cSEdwin Groothuis# both say GMT+08:00. 25901315084cSEdwin Groothuis 25911315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-31): 25921315084cSEdwin Groothuis# eznis airways, which operates several domestic flights, has a flight 25931315084cSEdwin Groothuis# schedule here: 25941315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112 25951315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (click the English flag for English) 25961315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2597eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# There it appears that flights between Choibalsan and Ulaanbaatar arrive 25981315084cSEdwin Groothuis# about 1:35 - 1:50 hours later in local clock time, no matter the 2599eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# direction, while Ulaanbaatar-Khovd takes 2 hours in the Eastern 2600eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# direction and 3:35 back, which indicates that Ulaanbaatar and Khovd are 26011315084cSEdwin Groothuis# in different time zones (like we know about), while Choibalsan and 2602eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Ulaanbaatar are in the same time zone (correction needed). 26031315084cSEdwin Groothuis 26041315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 26051315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Assume that Choibalsan is indeed offset by 8:00. 26061315084cSEdwin Groothuis# XXX--in the absence of better information, assume that transition 26071315084cSEdwin Groothuis# was at the start of 2008-03-31 (the day of Steffen Thorsen's report); 26081315084cSEdwin Groothuis# this is almost surely wrong. 26091315084cSEdwin Groothuis 261074d26aa7SEdwin Groothuis# From Ganbold Tsagaankhuu (2015-03-10): 261174d26aa7SEdwin Groothuis# It seems like yesterday Mongolian Government meeting has concluded to use 261274d26aa7SEdwin Groothuis# daylight saving time in Mongolia.... Starting at 2:00AM of last Saturday of 261374d26aa7SEdwin Groothuis# March 2015, daylight saving time starts. And 00:00AM of last Saturday of 261474d26aa7SEdwin Groothuis# September daylight saving time ends. Source: 261574d26aa7SEdwin Groothuis# http://zasag.mn/news/view/8969 261674d26aa7SEdwin Groothuis 26171315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 261846bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Mongol 1983 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 - 26191315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Mongol 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 26201315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Shanks & Pottenger and IATA SSIM say 1990s switches occurred at 00:00, 26211315084cSEdwin Groothuis# but McDow says the 2001 switches occurred at 02:00. Also, IATA SSIM 26221315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks & Pottenger through 1998. 26231315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 26241315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Shanks & Pottenger say that the Sept. 1984 through Sept. 1990 switches 2625eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# in Choibalsan (more precisely, in Dornod and Sükhbaatar) took place 26261315084cSEdwin Groothuis# at 02:00 standard time, not at 00:00 local time as in the rest of 26271315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the country. That would be odd, and possibly is a result of their 26281315084cSEdwin Groothuis# correction of 02:00 (in the previous edition) not being done correctly 26291315084cSEdwin Groothuis# in the latest edition; so ignore it for now. 26301315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2631dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# From Ganbold Tsagaankhuu (2017-02-09): 2632dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# Mongolian Government meeting has concluded today to cancel daylight 2633dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin# saving time adoption in Mongolia. Source: http://zasag.mn/news/view/16192 2634dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 263546bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Mongol 1985 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 - 26361315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Mongol 1984 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 26371315084cSEdwin Groothuis# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST. 263846bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Mongol 2001 only - Apr lastSat 2:00 1:00 - 26391315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Mongol 2001 2006 - Sep lastSat 2:00 0 - 264046bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Mongol 2002 2006 - Mar lastSat 2:00 1:00 - 264146bee4edSPhilip PaepsRule Mongol 2015 2016 - Mar lastSat 2:00 1:00 - 2642dc135c6eSBaptiste DaroussinRule Mongol 2015 2016 - Sep lastSat 0:00 0 - 26431315084cSEdwin Groothuis 26442865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 26451315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta 26461315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug 2647dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 - +06 1978 2648dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:00 Mongol +07/+08 26491315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga 26501315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug 2651dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:00 - +07 1978 2652dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 8:00 Mongol +08/+09 26537ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tümen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan, 26541315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan 26551315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug 2656dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:00 - +07 1978 2657dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 8:00 - +08 1983 Apr 2658dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 9:00 Mongol +09/+10 2008 Mar 31 2659dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 8:00 Mongol +08/+09 26601315084cSEdwin Groothuis 26611315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Nepal 26622865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 26631315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Kathmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920 2664dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 5:30 - +0530 1986 2665dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 5:45 - +0545 26661315084cSEdwin Groothuis 26671315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Oman 26682627f31fSEdwin Groothuis# See Asia/Dubai. 26691315084cSEdwin Groothuis 26701315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Pakistan 26711315084cSEdwin Groothuis 26721315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Rives McDow (2002-03-13): 26731315084cSEdwin Groothuis# I have been advised that Pakistan has decided to adopt dst on a 26741315084cSEdwin Groothuis# TRIAL basis for one year, starting 00:01 local time on April 7, 2002 26751315084cSEdwin Groothuis# and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002. This is what I was 26761315084cSEdwin Groothuis# told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the 26771315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on. 26781315084cSEdwin Groothuis 26791315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15): 2680eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Jesper Nørgaard found this URL: 26811315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm 26821315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to 26831315084cSEdwin Groothuis# advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first 26841315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on 26851315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 15th October each year". This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00, 26861315084cSEdwin Groothuis# but disagrees about the October transition, and makes it sound like 26871315084cSEdwin Groothuis# it's not on a trial basis. Also, the "between the first Saturday 26881315084cSEdwin Groothuis# and Sunday of April" phrase, if taken literally, means that the 26891315084cSEdwin Groothuis# transition takes place at 00:00 on the first Sunday on or after 04-02. 26901315084cSEdwin Groothuis 26911315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): 26921315084cSEdwin Groothuis# DAWN <http://www.dawn.com/2002/10/06/top13.htm> reported on 2002-10-05 26931315084cSEdwin Groothuis# that 2002 DST ended that day at midnight. Go with McDow for now. 26941315084cSEdwin Groothuis 26951315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2003-03-14): 26961315084cSEdwin Groothuis# According to http://www.dawn.com/2003/03/07/top15.htm 26971315084cSEdwin Groothuis# there will be no DST in Pakistan this year: 26981315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 26991315084cSEdwin Groothuis# ISLAMABAD, March 6: Information and Media Development Minister Sheikh 27001315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Rashid Ahmed on Thursday said the cabinet had reversed a previous 27011315084cSEdwin Groothuis# decision to advance clocks by one hour in summer and put them back by 27021315084cSEdwin Groothuis# one hour in winter with the aim of saving light hours and energy. 27031315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 27041315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The minister told a news conference that the experiment had rather 27051315084cSEdwin Groothuis# shown 8 per cent higher consumption of electricity. 27061315084cSEdwin Groothuis 27071315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-15): 27081315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 27091315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Here is an article that Pakistan plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time 27101315084cSEdwin Groothuis# on June 1, 2008 for 3 months. 27111315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 27127ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# "... The federal cabinet on Wednesday announced a new conservation plan to 27137ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# help reduce load shedding by approving the closure of commercial centres at 27147ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# 9pm and moving clocks forward by one hour for the next three months. ...." 27151315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 27168d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html 27171315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4 27181315084cSEdwin Groothuis 27191315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 27201315084cSEdwin Groothuis# XXX--midnight transitions is a guess; 2008 only is a guess. 27211315084cSEdwin Groothuis 27221315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 27231315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Pakistan government has decided to keep the watches one-hour advanced 2724eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# for another 2 months - plan to return to Standard Time on October 31 27251315084cSEdwin Groothuis# instead of August 31. 27261315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 27271315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html 27281315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html 27291315084cSEdwin Groothuis 27301315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-04-08): 27311315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Based on previous media reports that "... proposed plan to 27321315084cSEdwin Groothuis# advance clocks by one hour from May 1 will cause disturbance 27331315084cSEdwin Groothuis# to the working schedules rather than bringing discipline in 27341315084cSEdwin Groothuis# official working." 27351315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280 27361315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 27371315084cSEdwin Groothuis# recent news that instead of May 2009 - Pakistan plan to 27381315084cSEdwin Groothuis# introduce DST from April 15, 2009 27391315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 27401315084cSEdwin Groothuis# FYI: Associated Press Of Pakistan 27411315084cSEdwin Groothuis# April 08, 2009 27421315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Cabinet okays proposal to advance clocks by one hour from April 15 27431315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1 27441315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html 27451315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 27461315084cSEdwin Groothuis# .... 27471315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The Federal Cabinet on Wednesday approved the proposal to 27481315084cSEdwin Groothuis# advance clocks in the country by one hour from April 15 to 27491315084cSEdwin Groothuis# conserve energy" 27501315084cSEdwin Groothuis 27511315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-17): 27521315084cSEdwin Groothuis# "The News International," Pakistan reports that: "The Federal 27531315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Government has decided to restore the previous time by moving the 27541315084cSEdwin Groothuis# clocks backward by one hour from October 1. A formal announcement to 27551315084cSEdwin Groothuis# this effect will be made after the Prime Minister grants approval in 27561315084cSEdwin Groothuis# this regard." 27571315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.thenews.com.pk/updates.asp?id=87168 27581315084cSEdwin Groothuis 27591315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-28): 27601315084cSEdwin Groothuis# According to Associated Press Of Pakistan, it is confirmed that 27617ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# Pakistan clocks across the country would be turned back by an hour from 27627ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# October 1, 2009. 27631315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 27641315084cSEdwin Groothuis# "Clocks to go back one hour from 1 Oct" 27651315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=86715&Itemid=2 27661315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan07.htm 27671315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 27687ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-29): 27691315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Now they seem to have changed their mind, November 1 is the new date: 27701315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.thenews.com.pk/top_story_detail.asp?Id=24742 27711315084cSEdwin Groothuis# "The country's clocks will be reversed by one hour on November 1. 27721315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Officials of Federal Ministry for Interior told this to Geo News on 27731315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Monday." 27741315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 27751315084cSEdwin Groothuis# And more importantly, it seems that these dates will be kept every year: 27761315084cSEdwin Groothuis# "It has now been decided that clocks will be wound forward by one hour 27771315084cSEdwin Groothuis# on April 15 and reversed by an hour on November 1 every year without 27781315084cSEdwin Groothuis# obtaining prior approval, the officials added." 27791315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 27801315084cSEdwin Groothuis# We have confirmed this year's end date with both with the Ministry of 27811315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Water and Power and the Pakistan Electric Power Company: 27828d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/pakistan-ends-dst09.html 27831315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2784eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From Christoph Göhre (2009-10-01): 27851315084cSEdwin Groothuis# [T]he German Consulate General in Karachi reported me today that Pakistan 27861315084cSEdwin Groothuis# will go back to standard time on 1st of November. 27871315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2788696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-26): 2789696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# Steffen Thorsen wrote: 2790696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# > On Thursday (2010-03-25) it was announced that DST would start in 2791696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# > Pakistan on 2010-04-01. 2792696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# > 2793696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# > Then today, the president said that they might have to revert the 2794696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# > decision if it is not supported by the parliament. So at the time 2795696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# > being, it seems unclear if DST will be actually observed or not - but 2796696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# > April 1 could be a more likely date than April 15. 2797696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# Now, it seems that the decision to not observe DST in final: 2798696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# 2799696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# "Govt Withdraws Plan To Advance Clocks" 2800696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.apakistannews.com/govt-withdraws-plan-to-advance-clocks-172041 2801696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# 2802696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# "People laud PM's announcement to end DST" 2803696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=99374&Itemid=2 2804696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis 28051315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 28068fdf5721SBaptiste DaroussinRule Pakistan 2002 only - Apr Sun>=2 0:00 1:00 S 28078fdf5721SBaptiste DaroussinRule Pakistan 2002 only - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0 - 28081315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Pakistan 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 28097ce0f064SEdwin GroothuisRule Pakistan 2008 2009 - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 2810696dd8f4SEdwin GroothuisRule Pakistan 2009 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 2811696dd8f4SEdwin Groothuis 28122865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 28131315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907 2814dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 5:30 - +0530 1942 Sep 2815dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 5:30 1:00 +0630 1945 Oct 15 2816dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 5:30 - +0530 1951 Sep 30 2817dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 1971 Mar 26 28181315084cSEdwin Groothuis 5:00 Pakistan PK%sT # Pakistan Time 28191315084cSEdwin Groothuis 28201315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Palestine 28211315084cSEdwin Groothuis 28221315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Amos Shapir (1998-02-15): 28231315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 28241315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now 28251315084cSEdwin Groothuis# known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule. 28261315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too... 28271315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 28281315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05 28291315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no 28301315084cSEdwin Groothuis# time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt, 28311315084cSEdwin Groothuis# though. 28321315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 28331315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally 28341315084cSEdwin Groothuis# annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from 28351315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the 28361315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major 28371315084cSEdwin Groothuis# towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and 28381315084cSEdwin Groothuis# East Jerusalem. 28391315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 28401315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except 28411315084cSEdwin Groothuis# for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might 28421315084cSEdwin Groothuis# have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware 28431315084cSEdwin Groothuis# of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer 28441315084cSEdwin Groothuis# time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected). 28451315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 28461315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most 28471315084cSEdwin Groothuis# towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to 28481315084cSEdwin Groothuis# demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to 28491315084cSEdwin Groothuis# summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't 28501315084cSEdwin Groothuis# know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the 28511315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Jordanian one). 28521315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 28531315084cSEdwin Groothuis# To summarize, the table should probably look something like that: 28541315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 28551315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996- 28561315084cSEdwin Groothuis# ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------- 28571315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion 28581315084cSEdwin Groothuis# West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan 28591315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan 28601315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 28611315084cSEdwin Groothuis# I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they 28621315084cSEdwin Groothuis# have one). 28631315084cSEdwin Groothuis 28641315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 28651315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Shanks & Pottenger write that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but go 28661315084cSEdwin Groothuis# with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947, 28671315084cSEdwin Groothuis# and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996. 28681315084cSEdwin Groothuis# We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since 28691315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about 28701315084cSEdwin Groothuis# occurred before our cutoff date of 1970. 28711315084cSEdwin Groothuis# However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries 28721315084cSEdwin Groothuis# for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules 2873f09b8c49SEdwin Groothuis# to Palestine's rules. 28741315084cSEdwin Groothuis 28751315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time, 28761315084cSEdwin Groothuis# forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg: 28771315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 28781315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time 28791315084cSEdwin Groothuis# last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks 28801315084cSEdwin Groothuis# one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule, 28811315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the PA has decided to implement DST in April. 28821315084cSEdwin Groothuis 28831315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20): 2884eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Daoud Kuttab writes in Holiday havoc 28857ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html 2886eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that 28871315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15. 28881315084cSEdwin Groothuis# I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source). 28891315084cSEdwin Groothuis# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00, 28901315084cSEdwin Groothuis# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October. 28911315084cSEdwin Groothuis 28921315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 28931315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Starting 2004 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 28941315084cSEdwin Groothuis 28951315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 28961315084cSEdwin Groothuis# A user from Gaza reported that Gaza made the change early because of 28971315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the Ramadan. Next year Ramadan will be even earlier, so I think 28981315084cSEdwin Groothuis# there is a good chance next year's end date will be around two weeks 2899eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# earlier - the same goes for Jordan. 29001315084cSEdwin Groothuis 29011315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17): 29021315084cSEdwin Groothuis# I was informed by a user in Bethlehem that in Bethlehem it started the 29031315084cSEdwin Groothuis# same day as Israel, and after checking with other users in the area, I 29041315084cSEdwin Groothuis# was informed that they started DST one day after Israel. I was not 29051315084cSEdwin Groothuis# able to find any authoritative sources at the time, nor details if 29061315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Gaza changed as well, but presumed Gaza to follow the same rules as 29071315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the West Bank. 29081315084cSEdwin Groothuis 29091315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-26): 29101315084cSEdwin Groothuis# according to the Palestine News Network (2006-09-19): 29111315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://english.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=596&Itemid=5 29121315084cSEdwin Groothuis# > The Council of Ministers announced that this year its winter schedule 29131315084cSEdwin Groothuis# > will begin early, as of midnight Thursday. It is also time to turn 29141315084cSEdwin Groothuis# > back the clocks for winter. Friday will begin an hour late this week. 29151315084cSEdwin Groothuis# I guess it is likely that next year's date will be moved as well, 29161315084cSEdwin Groothuis# because of the Ramadan. 29171315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2918eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2007-09-18): 29191315084cSEdwin Groothuis# According to Steffen Thorsen's web site the Gaza Strip and the rest of the 29201315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Palestinian territories left DST early on 13.th. of September at 2:00. 29211315084cSEdwin Groothuis 29221315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2007-09-20): 29231315084cSEdwin Groothuis# My understanding is that Gaza and the West Bank disagree even over when 29241315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the weekend is (Thursday+Friday versus Friday+Saturday), so I'd be a bit 29251315084cSEdwin Groothuis# surprised if they agreed about DST. But for now, assume they agree. 29261315084cSEdwin Groothuis# For lack of better information, predict that future changes will be 29271315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the 2nd Thursday of September at 02:00. 29281315084cSEdwin Groothuis 29291315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 29301315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Here is an article, that Mideast running on different clocks at Ramadan. 29311315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 29321315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Gaza Strip (as Egypt) ended DST at midnight Thursday (Aug 28, 2008), while 29331315084cSEdwin Groothuis# the West Bank will end Daylight Saving Time at midnight Sunday (Aug 31, 2008). 29341315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 29351315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001 29361315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087 29371315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html 29381315084cSEdwin Groothuis 29391315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-26): 29401315084cSEdwin Groothuis# According to the Palestine News Network (arabic.pnn.ps), Palestinian 29411315084cSEdwin Groothuis# government decided to start Daylight Time on Thursday night March 29421315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 26 and continue until the night of 27 September 2009. 29431315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 29441315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (in Arabic) 29451315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850 29461315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 29471315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (English translation) 29481315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html 29491315084cSEdwin Groothuis 29501315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-31): 29511315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Palestine's Council of Ministers announced that they will revert back to 29521315084cSEdwin Groothuis# winter time on Friday, 2009-09-04. 29531315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 29541315084cSEdwin Groothuis# One news source: 29551315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.safa.ps/ara/?action=showdetail&seid=4158 29561315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (Palestinian press agency, Arabic), 29571315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Google translate: "Decided that the Palestinian government in Ramallah 29581315084cSEdwin Groothuis# headed by Salam Fayyad, the start of work in time for the winter of 29591315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2009, starting on Friday approved the fourth delay Sept. clock sixty 29601315084cSEdwin Groothuis# minutes per hour as of Friday morning." 29611315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 29621315084cSEdwin Groothuis# We are not sure if Gaza will do the same, last year they had a different 29631315084cSEdwin Groothuis# end date, we will keep this page updated: 29648d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-dst-2009.html 29651315084cSEdwin Groothuis 29661315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-02): 29671315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Seems that Gaza Strip will go back to Winter Time same date as West Bank. 29681315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 29691315084cSEdwin Groothuis# According to Palestinian Ministry Of Interior, West Bank and Gaza Strip plan 29701315084cSEdwin Groothuis# to change time back to Standard time on September 4, 2009. 29711315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 29721315084cSEdwin Groothuis# "Winter time unite the West Bank and Gaza" 29731315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (from Palestinian National Authority): 29741315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.moi.gov.ps/en/?page=633167343250594025&nid=11505 29751315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip02.html 29761315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2977ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-19): 2978ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# According to Voice of Palestine DST will last for 191 days, from March 2979ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# 26, 2010 till "the last Sunday before the tenth day of Tishri 2980ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# (October), each year" (October 03, 2010?) 2981ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# 2982ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# http://palvoice.org/forums/showthread.php?t=245697 2983ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# (in Arabic) 2984ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank03.html 2985ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis 2986ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-24): 2987ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# ...Ma'an News Agency reports that Hamas cabinet has decided it will 2988ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# start one day later, at 12:01am. Not sure if they really mean 12:01am or 2989ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# noon though: 2990ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# 2991ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=271178 2992ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# (Ma'an News Agency) 2993ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# "At 12:01am Friday, clocks in Israel and the West Bank will change to 2994ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis# 1:01am, while Gaza clocks will change at 12:01am Saturday morning." 2995ce28d23bSEdwin Groothuis 29967d2cde9fSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-08-11): 29977d2cde9fSEdwin Groothuis# According to several sources, including 29987d2cde9fSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=306795 29997d2cde9fSEdwin Groothuis# the clocks were set back one hour at 2010-08-11 00:00:00 local time in 30007d2cde9fSEdwin Groothuis# Gaza and the West Bank. 30017d2cde9fSEdwin Groothuis# Some more background info: 30028d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-end-dst-2010.html 30037d2cde9fSEdwin Groothuis 3004958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-08-26): 3005958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# Gaza and the West Bank did go back to standard time in the beginning of 3006958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# August, and will now enter daylight saving time again on 2011-08-30 3007958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# 00:00 (so two periods of DST in 2011). The pause was because of 3008958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# Ramadan. 3009958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# 3010958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=416217 3011958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# Additional info: 30128d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/palestine-dst-2011.html 3013958890b7SEdwin Groothuis 3014958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-08-27): 3015958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# According to the article in The Jerusalem Post: 3016958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# "...Earlier this month, the Palestinian government in the West Bank decided to 3017958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# move to standard time for 30 days, during Ramadan. The Palestinians in the 3018958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# Gaza Strip accepted the change and also moved their clocks one hour back. 3019958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# The Hamas government said on Saturday that it won't observe summertime after 3020958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# the Muslim feast of Id al-Fitr, which begins on Tuesday..." 3021958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# ... 30228d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=235650 3023958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip05.html 3024eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# The rules for Egypt are stolen from the 'africa' file. 3025958890b7SEdwin Groothuis 3026958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-09-30): 3027958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# West Bank did end Daylight Saving Time this morning/midnight (2011-09-30 3028958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# 00:00). 3029958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# So West Bank and Gaza now have the same time again. 3030958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# 3031958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# Many sources, including: 3032958890b7SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=424808 3033958890b7SEdwin Groothuis 30343797824cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-26): 30353797824cSEdwin Groothuis# Palestinian news sources tell that both Gaza and West Bank will start DST 30363797824cSEdwin Groothuis# on Friday (Thursday midnight, 2012-03-29 24:00). 30373797824cSEdwin Groothuis# Some of many sources in Arabic: 30383797824cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=122638 30393797824cSEdwin Groothuis# 30403797824cSEdwin Groothuis# http://safa.ps/details/news/74352/%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D9%81%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9.html 30413797824cSEdwin Groothuis# 30423797824cSEdwin Groothuis# Our brief summary: 30438d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/gaza-west-bank-dst-2012.html 30443797824cSEdwin Groothuis 3045b1fd06c7SEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-26): 3046b1fd06c7SEdwin Groothuis# The following news sources tells that Palestine will "start daylight saving 3047b1fd06c7SEdwin Groothuis# time from midnight on Friday, March 29, 2013" (translated). 3048b1fd06c7SEdwin Groothuis# [These are in Arabic and are for Gaza and for Ramallah, respectively.] 3049b1fd06c7SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=154120 3050b1fd06c7SEdwin Groothuis# http://safa.ps/details/news/99844/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-29-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A.html 3051b1fd06c7SEdwin Groothuis 3052c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-09-24): 3053c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# The Gaza and West Bank are ending DST Thursday at midnight 3054c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# (2013-09-27 00:00:00) (one hour earlier than last year...). 3055c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# This source in English, says "that winter time will go into effect 3056c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# at midnight on Thursday in the West Bank and Gaza Strip": 3057c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# http://english.wafa.ps/index.php?action=detail&id=23246 3058c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# official source...: 3059c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/ar/Views/ViewDetails.aspx?pid=1252 3060c26a5802SEdwin Groothuis 306174d26aa7SEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2015-03-03): 306274d26aa7SEdwin Groothuis# Sources such as http://www.alquds.com/news/article/view/id/548257 30638d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# and https://www.raya.ps/ar/news/890705.html say Palestine areas will 306474d26aa7SEdwin Groothuis# start DST on 2015-03-28 00:00 which is one day later than expected. 306574d26aa7SEdwin Groothuis# 306674d26aa7SEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2015-03-03): 30678d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.timeanddate.com/time/change/west-bank/ramallah?year=2014 306874d26aa7SEdwin Groothuis# says that the fall 2014 transition was Oct 23 at 24:00. 30693797824cSEdwin Groothuis 30708fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# From Hannah Kreitem (2016-03-09): 30718fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/WebSite/ar/ViewDetails?ID=31728 30728fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# [Google translation]: "The Council also decided to start daylight 30738fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# saving in Palestine as of one o'clock on Saturday morning, 30748fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# 2016-03-26, to provide the clock 60 minutes ahead." 307536d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin 307636d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# From Sharef Mustafa (2016-10-19): 307736d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# [T]he Palestinian cabinet decision (Mar 8th 2016) published on 307836d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/WebSite/Upload/Decree/GOV_17/16032016134830.pdf 307936d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# states that summer time will end on Oct 29th at 01:00. 308036d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# 308136d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# From Tim Parenti (2016-10-19): 308236d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# Predict fall transitions on October's last Saturday at 01:00 from now on. 308336d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# This is consistent with the 2016 transition as well as our spring 308436d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# predictions. 308536d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# 308636d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# From Paul Eggert (2016-10-19): 308736d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# It's also consistent with predictions in the following URLs today: 30888d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.timeanddate.com/time/change/gaza-strip/gaza 30898d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.timeanddate.com/time/change/west-bank/hebron 30908fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 309146bee4edSPhilip Paeps# From Sharef Mustafa (2018-03-16): 309246bee4edSPhilip Paeps# Palestine summer time will start on Mar 24th 2018 by advancing the 309346bee4edSPhilip Paeps# clock by 60 minutes as per Palestinian cabinet decision published on 3094d81c2dd9SPhilip Paeps# the official website, though the decree did not specify the exact 309546bee4edSPhilip Paeps# time of the time shift. 309646bee4edSPhilip Paeps# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/Website/AR/NDecrees/ViewFile.ashx?ID=e7a42ab7-ee23-435a-b9c8-a4f7e81f3817 3097ad48359aSPhilip Paeps 3098ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# From Even Scharning (2019-03-23): 30992865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# http://pnn.ps/news/401130 31002865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# http://palweather.ps/ar/node/50136.html 310146bee4edSPhilip Paeps# 31022865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# From Sharif Mustafa (2019-03-26): 31032865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# The Palestinian cabinet announced today that the switch to DST will 31042865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# be on Fri Mar 29th 2019 by advancing the clock by 60 minutes. 31052865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# The decree signing date is Mar 12th but it was not published till today. 31062865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# The decree does not specify the exact time of switch. 31072865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# http://palestinecabinet.gov.ps/Website/AR/NDecrees/ViewFile.ashx?ID=e54e9ea1-50ee-4137-84df-0d6c78da259b 31082865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# 31092865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# From Even Scharning (2019-04-10): 31102865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Our source in Palestine said it happened Friday 29 at 00:00 local time.... 31112865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# 31122865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2019-04-10): 31132865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# For now, guess spring-ahead transitions are March's last Friday at 00:00. 311446bee4edSPhilip Paeps 31151315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 31161315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 31171315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 31181315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 31191315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 31201315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 31211315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 31221315084cSEdwin Groothuis 31231315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 1999 2005 - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S 31241315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 1999 2003 - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 31251315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 2004 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - 31261315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 2005 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 3127b1fd06c7SEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 2006 2007 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 31281315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 31291315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 2007 only - Sep Thu>=8 2:00 0 - 3130b1fd06c7SEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 2008 2009 - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 3131b1fd06c7SEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 3132b1fd06c7SEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 2009 only - Sep Fri>=1 1:00 0 - 3133b1fd06c7SEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 2010 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 31347d2cde9fSEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 2010 only - Aug 11 0:00 0 - 3135b1fd06c7SEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 2011 only - Apr 1 0:01 1:00 S 3136b1fd06c7SEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 2011 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - 3137b1fd06c7SEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 2011 only - Aug 30 0:00 1:00 S 3138b1fd06c7SEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 2011 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 313974d26aa7SEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 2012 2014 - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S 3140c26a5802SEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 2012 only - Sep 21 1:00 0 - 314174d26aa7SEdwin GroothuisRule Palestine 2013 only - Sep Fri>=21 0:00 0 - 314236d97c26SBaptiste DaroussinRule Palestine 2014 2015 - Oct Fri>=21 0:00 0 - 31438fdf5721SBaptiste DaroussinRule Palestine 2015 only - Mar lastFri 24:00 1:00 S 31442865ab3fSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2016 2018 - Mar Sat>=24 1:00 1:00 S 314536d97c26SBaptiste DaroussinRule Palestine 2016 max - Oct lastSat 1:00 0 - 31462865ab3fSPhilip PaepsRule Palestine 2019 max - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 3147958890b7SEdwin Groothuis 31482865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 31491315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct 3150e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin 2:00 Zion EET/EEST 1948 May 15 31511315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 31521315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 31531315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 3154b1fd06c7SEdwin Groothuis 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2008 Aug 29 0:00 3155b1fd06c7SEdwin Groothuis 2:00 - EET 2008 Sep 3156b1fd06c7SEdwin Groothuis 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2010 3157b1fd06c7SEdwin Groothuis 2:00 - EET 2010 Mar 27 0:01 3158b1fd06c7SEdwin Groothuis 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2011 Aug 1 3159b1fd06c7SEdwin Groothuis 2:00 - EET 2012 3160b1fd06c7SEdwin Groothuis 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 3161958890b7SEdwin Groothuis 3162958890b7SEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Hebron 2:20:23 - LMT 1900 Oct 3163e350c46aSBaptiste Daroussin 2:00 Zion EET/EEST 1948 May 15 3164958890b7SEdwin Groothuis 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 3165958890b7SEdwin Groothuis 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 3166958890b7SEdwin Groothuis 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 3167b1fd06c7SEdwin Groothuis 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 31681315084cSEdwin Groothuis 31691315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Paracel Is 31701315084cSEdwin Groothuis# no information 31711315084cSEdwin Groothuis 31721315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Philippines 31732c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps 31742c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2018-11-18): 31752c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# The Spanish initially used American (west-of-Greenwich) time. 31762c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# It is unknown what time Manila kept when the British occupied it from 31772c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# 1762-10-06 through 1764-04; for now assume it kept American time. 3178eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# On 1844-08-16, Narciso Clavería, governor-general of the 31791315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to 3180eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# be immediately followed by 1845-01-01; see R.H. van Gent's 3181eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# History of the International Date Line 31828d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/idl/idl_philippines.htm 31837ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# The rest of the data entries are from Shanks & Pottenger. 31841315084cSEdwin Groothuis 3185eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-04-26): 31861315084cSEdwin Groothuis# ... claims that Philippines had DST last time in 1990: 31871315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://story.philippinetimes.com/p.x/ct/9/id/145be20cc6b121c0/cid/3e5bbccc730d258c/ 31881315084cSEdwin Groothuis# [a story dated 2006-04-25 by Cris Larano of Dow Jones Newswires, 31891315084cSEdwin Groothuis# but no details] 31901315084cSEdwin Groothuis 31917ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2014-08-14): 31927ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# The following source says DST may be instituted November-January and again 31937ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# March-June, but this is not definite. It also says DST was last proclaimed 31947ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# during the Ramos administration (1992-1998); but again, no details. 31957ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# Carcamo D. PNoy urged to declare use of daylight saving time. 31967ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# Philippine Star 2014-08-05 31977ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2014/08/05/1354152/pnoy-urged-declare-use-daylight-saving-time 31987ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis 319989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# From Paul Goyette (2018-06-15): 320089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# In the Philippines, there is a national law, Republic Act No. 10535 320189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# which declares the official time here as "Philippine Standard Time". 320289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# The act [1] even specifies use of PST as the abbreviation, although 320389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# the FAQ provided by PAGASA [2] uses the "acronym PhST to distinguish 320489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# it from the Pacific Standard Time (PST)." 320589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# [1] http://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2013/05/15/republic-act-no-10535/ 320689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# [2] https://www1.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/index.php/astronomy/philippine-standard-time#republic-act-10535 320789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 320889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2018-06-19): 320989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# I surveyed recent news reports, and my impression is that "PST" is 321089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# more popular among reliable English-language news sources. This is 321189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# not just a measure of Google hit counts: it's also the sizes and 321289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# influence of the sources. There is no current abbreviation for DST, 321389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# so use "PDT", the usual American style. 321489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps 32151315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 321689abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 D 321789abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 S 321889abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 D 321989abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 S 322089abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 322189abb9f8SPhilip PaepsRule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 32222865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 32231315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 32241315084cSEdwin Groothuis 8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11 322589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps 8:00 Phil P%sT 1942 May 322689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps 9:00 - JST 1944 Nov 322789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps 8:00 Phil P%sT 32281315084cSEdwin Groothuis 32291315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Qatar 32302865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 32311315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha 3232dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 - +04 1972 Jun 3233dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 3:00 - +03 32342627f31fSEdwin GroothuisLink Asia/Qatar Asia/Bahrain 32351315084cSEdwin Groothuis 32361315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Saudi Arabia 3237eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 323889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2018-08-29): 3239eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Time in Saudi Arabia and other countries in the Arabian peninsula was not 324089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# standardized until 1968 or so; we don't know exactly when, and possibly it 3241eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# has never been made official. Richard P Hunt, in "Islam city yielding to 3242eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# modern times", New York Times (1961-04-09), p 20, wrote that only airlines 3243eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# observed standard time, and that people in Jeddah mostly observed quasi-solar 3244eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# time, doing so by setting their watches at sunrise to 6 o'clock (or to 12 3245eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# o'clock for "Arab" time). 3246eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 324789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# Timekeeping differed depending on who you were and which part of Saudi 324889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# Arabia you were in. In 1969, Elias Antar wrote that although a common 324989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# practice had been to set one's watch to 12:00 (i.e., midnight) at sunset - 325089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# which meant that the time on one side of a mountain could differ greatly from 325189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# the time on the other side - many foreigners set their watches to 6pm 325289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# instead, while airlines instead used UTC +03 (except in Dhahran, where they 325389abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# used UTC +04), Aramco used UTC +03 with DST, and the Trans-Arabian Pipe Line 325489abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# Company used Aramco time in eastern Saudi Arabia and airline time in western. 325589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# (The American Military Aid Advisory Group used plain UTC.) Antar writes, 325689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# "A man named Higgins, so the story goes, used to run a local power 325789abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# station. One day, the whole thing became too much for Higgins and he 325889abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# assembled his staff and laid down the law. 'I've had enough of this,' he 325989abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# shrieked. 'It is now 12 o'clock Higgins Time, and from now on this station is 326089abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# going to run on Higgins Time.' And so, until last year, it did." See: 326189abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# Antar E. Dinner at When? Saudi Aramco World, 1969 March/April. 2-3. 326289abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# http://archive.aramcoworld.com/issue/196902/dinner.at.when.htm 32632c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# Also see: Antar EN. Arabian flying is confusing. 32642c5e84ccSPhilip Paeps# Port Angeles (WA) Evening News. 1965-03-10. page 3. 326589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# 3266eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# The TZ database cannot represent quasi-solar time; airline time is the best 3267eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# we can do. The 1946 foreign air news digest of the U.S. Civil Aeronautics 3268eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Board (OCLC 42299995) reported that the "... Arabian Government, inaugurated 3269eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# a weekly Dhahran-Cairo service, via the Saudi Arabian cities of Riyadh and 3270eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Jidda, on March 14, 1947". Shanks & Pottenger guessed 1950; go with the 3271eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# earlier date. 3272eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 3273eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Shanks & Pottenger also state that until 1968-05-01 Saudi Arabia had two 32748fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin# time zones; the other zone, at UT +04, was in the far eastern part of 327589abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# the country. Presumably this is documenting airline time. Ignore this, 327689abb9f8SPhilip Paeps# as it's before our 1970 cutoff. 3277eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# 32782865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3279eb1c1a05SSergey KandaurovZone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1947 Mar 14 3280dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 3:00 - +03 32812627f31fSEdwin GroothuisLink Asia/Riyadh Asia/Aden # Yemen 32822627f31fSEdwin GroothuisLink Asia/Riyadh Asia/Kuwait 32831315084cSEdwin Groothuis 32841315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Singapore 32857ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 32867ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html 32872865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 32881315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 32891315084cSEdwin Groothuis 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 3290dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:00 - +07 1933 Jan 1 3291dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:00 0:20 +0720 1936 Jan 1 3292dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:20 - +0720 1941 Sep 1 3293dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:30 - +0730 1942 Feb 16 3294dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 12 3295dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:30 - +0730 1982 Jan 1 3296dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 8:00 - +08 32971315084cSEdwin Groothuis 32981315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Spratly Is 32991315084cSEdwin Groothuis# no information 33001315084cSEdwin Groothuis 33011315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Sri Lanka 3302eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis 3303eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): 3304eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis# Milne says "Madras mean time use from May 1, 1898. Prior to this Colombo 3305eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis# mean time, 5h. 4m. 21.9s. F., was used." But 5:04:21.9 differs considerably 3306eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis# from Colombo's meridian 5:19:24, so for now ignore Milne and stick with 3307eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis# Shanks and Pottenger. 3308eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis 33091315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): 33101315084cSEdwin Groothuis# "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout" 3311eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# (<http://www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html>, 1996-05-24, 33121315084cSEdwin Groothuis# no longer available as of 1999-08-17) 3313eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# reported "the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at 3314eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# midnight Friday (1830 GMT) 'in the light of the present power crisis'." 33151315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 33161315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted 3317eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# by Shamindra in Daily News - Hot News Section 3318eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# <news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net> (1996-10-26): 33191315084cSEdwin Groothuis# With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996 33201315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT. 33211315084cSEdwin Groothuis 3322eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-04-14), quoting Sri Lanka News Online 33231315084cSEdwin Groothuis# <http://news.sinhalaya.com/wmview.php?ArtID=11002> (2006-04-13): 33241315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 0030 hrs on April 15, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006 +30 minutes) 33251315084cSEdwin Groothuis# at present, become 2400 hours of April 14, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006). 33261315084cSEdwin Groothuis 33271315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Peter Apps and Ranga Sirila of Reuters (2006-04-12) in: 33287ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# http://today.reuters.co.uk/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=scienceNews&storyID=2006-04-12T172228Z_01_COL295762_RTRIDST_0_SCIENCE-SRILANKA-TIME-DC.XML 33291315084cSEdwin Groothuis# [The Tamil Tigers] never accepted the original 1996 time change and simply 33301315084cSEdwin Groothuis# kept their clocks set five and a half hours ahead of Greenwich Mean 33311315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Time (GMT), in line with neighbor India. 33321315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-18): 33331315084cSEdwin Groothuis# People who live in regions under Tamil control can use [TZ='Asia/Kolkata'], 33341315084cSEdwin Groothuis# as that zone has agreed with the Tamil areas since our cutoff date of 1970. 33351315084cSEdwin Groothuis 333636d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# From Sadika Sumanapala (2016-10-19): 333736d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# According to http://www.sltime.org (maintained by Measurement Units, 333836d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# Standards & Services Department, Sri Lanka) abbreviation for Sri Lanka 333936d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# standard time is SLST. 33401315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 334136d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# From Paul Eggert (2016-10-18): 334236d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# "SLST" seems to be reasonably recent and rarely-used outside time 334336d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# zone nerd sources. I searched Google News and found three uses of 334436d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# it in the International Business Times of India in February and 334536d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# March of this year when discussing cricket match times, but nothing 334636d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# since then (though there has been a lot of cricket) and nothing in 334736d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# other English-language news sources. Our old abbreviation "LKT" is 334836d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# even worse. For now, let's use a numeric abbreviation; we can 334936d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin# switch to "SLST" if it catches on. 33501315084cSEdwin Groothuis 33512865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 33521315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880 33531315084cSEdwin Groothuis 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time 335436d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin 5:30 - +0530 1942 Jan 5 3355dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 5:30 0:30 +06 1942 Sep 3356dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 5:30 1:00 +0630 1945 Oct 16 2:00 335736d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin 5:30 - +0530 1996 May 25 0:00 335836d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin 6:30 - +0630 1996 Oct 26 0:30 335936d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 - +06 2006 Apr 15 0:30 336036d97c26SBaptiste Daroussin 5:30 - +0530 33611315084cSEdwin Groothuis 33621315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Syria 33631315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 33641315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S 33651315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 33661315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S 33671315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 33681315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 33691315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 33701315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 33711315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 33721315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S 33731315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 33741315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 33751315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 - 33761315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S 33771315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 33781315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S 33791315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 - 33801315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S 33811315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 33821315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S 33831315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S 33841315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 33851315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S 33861315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 33871315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 33881315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 33891315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S 33901315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 33911315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 33921315084cSEdwin Groothuis# IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02; 33931315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02, 33941315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31; 33951315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (2006) says 2006-03-31 and 2006-09-22; 33961315084cSEdwin Groothuis# for now ignore all these claims and go with Shanks & Pottenger, 33971315084cSEdwin Groothuis# except for the 2006-09-22 claim (which seems right for Ramadan). 33981315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1994 1996 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 33991315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1994 2005 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 34001315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S 34011315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 1999 2006 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 34021315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Stephen Colebourne (2006-09-18): 34031315084cSEdwin Groothuis# According to IATA data, Syria will change DST on 21st September [21:00 UTC] 34041315084cSEdwin Groothuis# this year [only].... This is probably related to Ramadan, like Egypt. 34051315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 34061315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29): 34071315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Today the AP reported "Syria will switch to summertime at midnight Thursday." 34081315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/03/29/africa/ME-GEN-Syria-Time-Change.php 34091315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 2007 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 3410eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# From Jesper Nørgaard (2007-10-27): 34111315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The sister center ICARDA of my work CIMMYT is confirming that Syria DST will 3412875f3108SEdwin Groothuis# not take place 1st November at 0:00 o'clock but 1st November at 24:00 or 3413875f3108SEdwin Groothuis# rather Midnight between Thursday and Friday. This does make more sense than 34141315084cSEdwin Groothuis# having it between Wednesday and Thursday (two workdays in Syria) since the 34151315084cSEdwin Groothuis# weekend in Syria is not Saturday and Sunday, but Friday and Saturday. So now 34161315084cSEdwin Groothuis# it is implemented at midnight of the last workday before weekend... 34171315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 34181315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-27): 3419eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Jesper Nørgaard Welen wrote: 34201315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 34211315084cSEdwin Groothuis# > "Winter local time in Syria will be observed at midnight of Thursday 1 34221315084cSEdwin Groothuis# > November 2007, and the clock will be put back 1 hour." 34231315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 34241315084cSEdwin Groothuis# I found confirmation on this in this gov.sy-article (Arabic): 34251315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://wehda.alwehda.gov.sy/_print_veiw.asp?FileName=12521710520070926111247 34261315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 34271315084cSEdwin Groothuis# which using Google's translate tools says: 34281315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Council of Ministers also approved the commencement of work on 34291315084cSEdwin Groothuis# identifying the winter time as of Friday, 2/11/2007 where the 60th 34301315084cSEdwin Groothuis# minute delay at midnight Thursday 1/11/2007. 34311315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 2007 only - Nov Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 34321315084cSEdwin Groothuis 34331315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Stephen Colebourne (2008-03-17): 34341315084cSEdwin Groothuis# For everyone's info, I saw an IATA time zone change for [Syria] for 34357ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# this month (March 2008) in the last day or so.... 34361315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Country Time Standard --- DST Start --- --- DST End --- DST 34371315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Name Zone Variation Time Date Time Date 34381315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Variation 34391315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Syrian Arab 34401315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Republic SY +0200 2200 03APR08 2100 30SEP08 +0300 34411315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2200 02APR09 2100 30SEP09 +0300 34421315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2200 01APR10 2100 30SEP10 +0300 34431315084cSEdwin Groothuis 34441315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-17): 34451315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Here's a link to English-language coverage by the Syrian Arab News 34461315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Agency (SANA)... 34471315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm 3448eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# ...which reads (in part) "The Cabinet approved the suggestion of the 34491315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Ministry of Electricity to begin daylight savings time on Friday April 34501315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 4th, advancing clocks one hour ahead on midnight of Thursday April 3rd." 34511315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Since Syria is two hours east of UTC, the 2200 and 2100 transition times 34521315084cSEdwin Groothuis# shown above match up with midnight in Syria. 34531315084cSEdwin Groothuis 34541315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 3455eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# My best guess at a Syrian rule is "the Friday nearest April 1"; 34561315084cSEdwin Groothuis# coding that involves either using a "Mar Fri>=29" construct that old time zone 34571315084cSEdwin Groothuis# compilers can't handle or having multiple Rules (a la Israel). 34581315084cSEdwin Groothuis# For now, use "Apr Fri>=1", and go with IATA on a uniform Sep 30 end. 34591315084cSEdwin Groothuis 34601315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-10-07): 34611315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Syria has now officially decided to end DST on 2008-11-01 this year, 34621315084cSEdwin Groothuis# according to the following article in the Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA). 34631315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 34641315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The article is in Arabic, and seems to tell that they will go back to 34651315084cSEdwin Groothuis# winter time on 2008-11-01 at 00:00 local daylight time (delaying/setting 34661315084cSEdwin Groothuis# clocks back 60 minutes). 34671315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 34681315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm 34691315084cSEdwin Groothuis 34701315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-19): 34711315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Syria will start DST on 2009-03-27 00:00 this year according to many sources, 34721315084cSEdwin Groothuis# two examples: 34731315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 34741315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm 34751315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (English, Syrian Arab News # Agency) 34761315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209 34771315084cSEdwin Groothuis# (Arabic, gov-site) 34781315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 34791315084cSEdwin Groothuis# We have not found any sources saying anything about when DST ends this year. 34801315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 34811315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Our summary 34828d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html 34831315084cSEdwin Groothuis 34841315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-27): 34851315084cSEdwin Groothuis# The Syrian Arab News Network on 2009-09-29 reported that Syria will 34861315084cSEdwin Groothuis# revert back to winter (standard) time on midnight between Thursday 34871315084cSEdwin Groothuis# 2009-10-29 and Friday 2009-10-30: 34881315084cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2009/09/29/247012.htm (Arabic) 34891315084cSEdwin Groothuis 34901315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Arthur David Olson (2009-10-28): 34911315084cSEdwin Groothuis# We'll see if future DST switching times turn out to be end of the last 34921315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Thursday of the month or the start of the last Friday of the month or 34931315084cSEdwin Groothuis# something else. For now, use the start of the last Friday. 34941315084cSEdwin Groothuis 349574fd35aaSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-17): 349674fd35aaSEdwin Groothuis# The "Syrian News Station" reported on 2010-03-16 that the Council of 349774fd35aaSEdwin Groothuis# Ministers has decided that Syria will start DST on midnight Thursday 349874fd35aaSEdwin Groothuis# 2010-04-01: (midnight between Thursday and Friday): 349974fd35aaSEdwin Groothuis# http://sns.sy/sns/?path=news/read/11421 (Arabic) 350074fd35aaSEdwin Groothuis 35013797824cSEdwin Groothuis# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-26): 35023797824cSEdwin Groothuis# Today, Syria's government announced that they will start DST early on Friday 35033797824cSEdwin Groothuis# (00:00). This is a bit earlier than the past two years. 35043797824cSEdwin Groothuis# 35053797824cSEdwin Groothuis# From Syrian Arab News Agency, in Arabic: 35063797824cSEdwin Groothuis# http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2012/03/26/408215.htm 35073797824cSEdwin Groothuis# 35083797824cSEdwin Groothuis# Our brief summary: 35098d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-2012.html 35103797824cSEdwin Groothuis 35113797824cSEdwin Groothuis# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-27): 35123797824cSEdwin Groothuis# Assume last Friday in March going forward XXX. 35133797824cSEdwin Groothuis 35141315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 2008 only - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 35151315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 351674fd35aaSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 2009 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 35173797824cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 2010 2011 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 35183797824cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 2012 max - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 35191315084cSEdwin GroothuisRule Syria 2009 max - Oct lastFri 0:00 0 - 35201315084cSEdwin Groothuis 35212865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 35221315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq 35231315084cSEdwin Groothuis 2:00 Syria EE%sT 35241315084cSEdwin Groothuis 35251315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Tajikistan 35261315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Shanks & Pottenger. 35272865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 35281315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 35298fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 1930 Jun 21 35308fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 35318fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 1:00 +05/+06 1991 Sep 9 2:00s 35328fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 35331315084cSEdwin Groothuis 35341315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Thailand 35352865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 35361315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880 35371315084cSEdwin Groothuis 6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time 3538dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:00 - +07 35397ce0f064SEdwin GroothuisLink Asia/Bangkok Asia/Phnom_Penh # Cambodia 35407ce0f064SEdwin GroothuisLink Asia/Bangkok Asia/Vientiane # Laos 35411315084cSEdwin Groothuis 35421315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Turkmenistan 35431315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Shanks & Pottenger. 35442865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 35451315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad 35468fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21 35478fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00 35488fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00 35498fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 35501315084cSEdwin Groothuis 35511315084cSEdwin Groothuis# United Arab Emirates 35522865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 35531315084cSEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920 3554dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 - +04 35552627f31fSEdwin GroothuisLink Asia/Dubai Asia/Muscat # Oman 35561315084cSEdwin Groothuis 35571315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Uzbekistan 35587ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# Byalokoz 1919 says Uzbekistan was 4:27:53. 35592865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 35607ce0f064SEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:53 - LMT 1924 May 2 35618fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21 35628fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 1981 Apr 1 35638fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 1:00 +06 1981 Oct 1 35648fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1 35658fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1992 35668fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 3567eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# Milne says Tashkent was 4:37:10.8; round to nearest. 3568eb1c1a05SSergey KandaurovZone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:11 - LMT 1924 May 2 35698fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 1930 Jun 21 35708fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07 1991 Mar 31 2:00 35718fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1992 35728fdf5721SBaptiste Daroussin 5:00 - +05 35731315084cSEdwin Groothuis 35741315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Vietnam 35751315084cSEdwin Groothuis 35767ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-04): 3577eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis# Milne gives 7:16:56 for the meridian of Saigon in 1899, as being 3578eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis# used in Lower Laos, Cambodia, and Annam. But this is quite a ways 3579eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis# from Saigon's location. For now, ignore this and stick with Shanks 35807ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# and Pottenger for LMT before 1906. 3581eb185a68SEdwin Groothuis 35821315084cSEdwin Groothuis# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 3583eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# The English-language name of Vietnam's most populous city is "Ho Chi Minh 3584eb1c1a05SSergey Kandaurov# City"; use Ho_Chi_Minh below to avoid a name of more than 14 characters. 35851315084cSEdwin Groothuis 35867ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-21) after a heads-up from Trần Ngọc Quân: 35877ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# Trần Tiến Bình's authoritative book "Lịch Việt Nam: thế kỷ XX-XXI (1901-2100)" 35887ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# (Nhà xuất bản Văn Hoá - Thông Tin, Hanoi, 2005), pp 49-50, 35897ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# is quoted verbatim in: 35907ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# http://www.thoigian.com.vn/?mPage=P80D01 35917ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# is translated by Brian Inglis in: 35928d7edd17SPhilip Paeps# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2014-October/021654.html 35937ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# and is the basis for the information below. 35947ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# 35957ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# The 1906 transition was effective July 1 and standardized Indochina to 359646bee4edSPhilip Paeps# Phù Liễn Observatory, legally 104° 17' 17" east of Paris. 35977ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# It's unclear whether this meant legal Paris Mean Time (00:09:21) or 359846bee4edSPhilip Paeps# the Paris Meridian (2° 20' 14.03" E); the former yields 07:06:30.1333... 35997ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# and the latter 07:06:29.333... so either way it rounds to 07:06:30, 36007ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# which is used below even though the modern-day Phù Liễn Observatory 36017ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# is closer to 07:06:31. Abbreviate Phù Liễn Mean Time as PLMT. 36027ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# 36037ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# The following transitions occurred in Indochina in general (before 1954) 36047ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# and in South Vietnam in particular (after 1954): 36057ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# To 07:00 on 1911-05-01. 36067ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# To 08:00 on 1942-12-31 at 23:00. 36077ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# To 09:00 in 1945-03-14 at 23:00. 36087ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# To 07:00 on 1945-09-02 in Vietnam. 36097ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# To 08:00 on 1947-04-01 in French-controlled Indochina. 36107ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# To 07:00 on 1955-07-01 in South Vietnam. 36117ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# To 08:00 on 1959-12-31 at 23:00 in South Vietnam. 36127ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# To 07:00 on 1975-06-13 in South Vietnam. 36137ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# 36147ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# Trần cites the following sources; it's unclear which supplied the info above. 36157ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# 36167ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# Hoàng Xuân Hãn: "Lịch và lịch Việt Nam". Tập san Khoa học Xã hội, 36177ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# No. 9, Paris, February 1982. 36187ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# 36197ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# Lê Thành Lân: "Lịch và niên biểu lịch sử hai mươi thế kỷ (0001-2010)", 36207ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# NXB Thống kê, Hanoi, 2000. 36217ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# 36227ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# Lê Thành Lân: "Lịch hai thế kỷ (1802-2010) và các lịch vĩnh cửu", 36237ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis# NXB Thuận Hoá, Huế, 1995. 36247ce0f064SEdwin Groothuis 36252865ab3fSPhilip Paeps# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 36267ce0f064SEdwin GroothuisZone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jul 1 3627dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:06:30 - PLMT 1911 May 1 # Phù Liễn MT 3628dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:00 - +07 1942 Dec 31 23:00 3629dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 8:00 - +08 1945 Mar 14 23:00 3630dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 2 3631dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:00 - +07 1947 Apr 1 3632dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 8:00 - +08 1955 Jul 1 3633dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:00 - +07 1959 Dec 31 23:00 3634dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 8:00 - +08 1975 Jun 13 3635dc135c6eSBaptiste Daroussin 7:00 - +07 36361315084cSEdwin Groothuis 3637ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# From Paul Eggert (2019-02-19): 3638ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# 3639ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# The Ho Chi Minh entry suffices for most purposes as it agrees with all of 3640ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# Vietnam since 1975-06-13. Presumably clocks often changed in south Vietnam 3641ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# in the early 1970s as locations changed hands during the war; however the 3642ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# details are unknown and would likely be too voluminous for this database. 3643ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# 3644ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# For timestamps in north Vietnam back to 1970 (the tzdb cutoff), 3645ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# use Asia/Bangkok; see the VN entries in the file zone1970.tab. 3646ad48359aSPhilip Paeps# For timestamps before 1970, see Asia/Hanoi in the file 'backzone'. 3647ad48359aSPhilip Paeps 3648ad48359aSPhilip Paeps 36491315084cSEdwin Groothuis# Yemen 36502627f31fSEdwin Groothuis# See Asia/Riyadh. 3651