1 /*	$OpenBSD: getentropy_solaris.c,v 1.3 2014/07/12 14:46:31 deraadt Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 2014 Theo de Raadt <deraadt@openbsd.org>
5  * Copyright (c) 2014 Bob Beck <beck@obtuse.com>
6  *
7  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
8  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
9  * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
10  *
11  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
12  * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
13  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
14  * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
15  * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
16  * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
17  * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
18  */
19 #include "config.h"
20 
21 #include <sys/types.h>
22 #include <sys/param.h>
23 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
24 #include <sys/resource.h>
25 #include <sys/syscall.h>
26 #include <sys/statvfs.h>
27 #include <sys/socket.h>
28 #include <sys/mount.h>
29 #include <sys/mman.h>
30 #include <sys/stat.h>
31 #include <sys/time.h>
32 #include <stdlib.h>
33 #include <stdint.h>
34 #include <stdio.h>
35 #include <termios.h>
36 #include <fcntl.h>
37 #include <signal.h>
38 #include <string.h>
39 #include <errno.h>
40 #include <unistd.h>
41 #include <time.h>
42 #include <sys/sha2.h>
43 #define SHA512_Init SHA512Init
44 #define SHA512_Update SHA512Update
45 #define SHA512_Final SHA512Final
46 
47 #include <sys/vfs.h>
48 #include <sys/statfs.h>
49 #include <sys/loadavg.h>
50 
51 #define REPEAT 5
52 #define min(a, b) (((a) < (b)) ? (a) : (b))
53 
54 #define HX(a, b) \
55 	do { \
56 		if ((a)) \
57 			HD(errno); \
58 		else \
59 			HD(b); \
60 	} while (0)
61 
62 #define HR(x, l) (SHA512_Update(&ctx, (char *)(x), (l)))
63 #define HD(x)	 (SHA512_Update(&ctx, (char *)&(x), sizeof (x)))
64 #define HF(x)	 (SHA512_Update(&ctx, (char *)&(x), sizeof (void*)))
65 
66 int	getentropy(void *buf, size_t len);
67 
68 #ifdef CAN_REFERENCE_MAIN
69 extern int main(int, char *argv[]);
70 #endif
71 static int gotdata(char *buf, size_t len);
72 static int getentropy_urandom(void *buf, size_t len, const char *path,
73     int devfscheck);
74 static int getentropy_fallback(void *buf, size_t len);
75 
76 int
77 getentropy(void *buf, size_t len)
78 {
79 	int ret = -1;
80 
81 	if (len > 256) {
82 		errno = EIO;
83 		return -1;
84 	}
85 
86 	/*
87 	 * Try to get entropy with /dev/urandom
88 	 *
89 	 * Solaris provides /dev/urandom as a symbolic link to
90 	 * /devices/pseudo/random@0:urandom which is provided by
91 	 * a devfs filesystem.  Best practice is to use O_NOFOLLOW,
92 	 * so we must try the unpublished name directly.
93 	 *
94 	 * This can fail if the process is inside a chroot which lacks
95 	 * the devfs mount, or if file descriptors are exhausted.
96 	 */
97 	ret = getentropy_urandom(buf, len,
98 	    "/devices/pseudo/random@0:urandom", 1);
99 	if (ret != -1)
100 		return (ret);
101 
102 	/*
103 	 * Unfortunately, chroot spaces on Solaris are sometimes setup
104 	 * with direct device node of the well-known /dev/urandom name
105 	 * (perhaps to avoid dragging all of devfs into the space).
106 	 *
107 	 * This can fail if the process is inside a chroot or if file
108 	 * descriptors are exhausted.
109 	 */
110 	ret = getentropy_urandom(buf, len, "/dev/urandom", 0);
111 	if (ret != -1)
112 		return (ret);
113 
114 	/*
115 	 * Entropy collection via /dev/urandom has failed.
116 	 *
117 	 * No other API exists for collecting entropy, and we have
118 	 * no failsafe way to get it on Solaris that is not sensitive
119 	 * to resource exhaustion.
120 	 *
121 	 * We have very few options:
122 	 *     - Even syslog_r is unsafe to call at this low level, so
123 	 *	 there is no way to alert the user or program.
124 	 *     - Cannot call abort() because some systems have unsafe
125 	 *	 corefiles.
126 	 *     - Could raise(SIGKILL) resulting in silent program termination.
127 	 *     - Return EIO, to hint that arc4random's stir function
128 	 *       should raise(SIGKILL)
129 	 *     - Do the best under the circumstances....
130 	 *
131 	 * This code path exists to bring light to the issue that Solaris
132 	 * does not provide a failsafe API for entropy collection.
133 	 *
134 	 * We hope this demonstrates that Solaris should consider
135 	 * providing a new failsafe API which works in a chroot or
136 	 * when file descriptors are exhausted.
137 	 */
138 #undef FAIL_INSTEAD_OF_TRYING_FALLBACK
139 #ifdef FAIL_INSTEAD_OF_TRYING_FALLBACK
140 	raise(SIGKILL);
141 #endif
142 	ret = getentropy_fallback(buf, len);
143 	if (ret != -1)
144 		return (ret);
145 
146 	errno = EIO;
147 	return (ret);
148 }
149 
150 /*
151  * Basic sanity checking; wish we could do better.
152  */
153 static int
154 gotdata(char *buf, size_t len)
155 {
156 	char	any_set = 0;
157 	size_t	i;
158 
159 	for (i = 0; i < len; ++i)
160 		any_set |= buf[i];
161 	if (any_set == 0)
162 		return -1;
163 	return 0;
164 }
165 
166 static int
167 getentropy_urandom(void *buf, size_t len, const char *path, int devfscheck)
168 {
169 	struct stat st;
170 	size_t i;
171 	int fd, flags;
172 	int save_errno = errno;
173 
174 start:
175 
176 	flags = O_RDONLY;
177 #ifdef O_NOFOLLOW
178 	flags |= O_NOFOLLOW;
179 #endif
180 #ifdef O_CLOEXEC
181 	flags |= O_CLOEXEC;
182 #endif
183 	fd = open(path, flags, 0);
184 	if (fd == -1) {
185 		if (errno == EINTR)
186 			goto start;
187 		goto nodevrandom;
188 	}
189 #ifndef O_CLOEXEC
190 	fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, fcntl(fd, F_GETFD) | FD_CLOEXEC);
191 #endif
192 
193 	/* Lightly verify that the device node looks sane */
194 	if (fstat(fd, &st) == -1 || !S_ISCHR(st.st_mode) ||
195 	    (devfscheck && (strcmp(st.st_fstype, "devfs") != 0))) {
196 		close(fd);
197 		goto nodevrandom;
198 	}
199 	for (i = 0; i < len; ) {
200 		size_t wanted = len - i;
201 		ssize_t ret = read(fd, (char*)buf + i, wanted);
202 
203 		if (ret == -1) {
204 			if (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EINTR)
205 				continue;
206 			close(fd);
207 			goto nodevrandom;
208 		}
209 		i += ret;
210 	}
211 	close(fd);
212 	if (gotdata(buf, len) == 0) {
213 		errno = save_errno;
214 		return 0;		/* satisfied */
215 	}
216 nodevrandom:
217 	errno = EIO;
218 	return -1;
219 }
220 
221 static const int cl[] = {
222 	CLOCK_REALTIME,
223 #ifdef CLOCK_MONOTONIC
224 	CLOCK_MONOTONIC,
225 #endif
226 #ifdef CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
227 	CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW,
228 #endif
229 #ifdef CLOCK_TAI
230 	CLOCK_TAI,
231 #endif
232 #ifdef CLOCK_VIRTUAL
233 	CLOCK_VIRTUAL,
234 #endif
235 #ifdef CLOCK_UPTIME
236 	CLOCK_UPTIME,
237 #endif
238 #ifdef CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID
239 	CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID,
240 #endif
241 #ifdef CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID
242 	CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID,
243 #endif
244 };
245 
246 static int
247 getentropy_fallback(void *buf, size_t len)
248 {
249 	uint8_t results[SHA512_DIGEST_LENGTH];
250 	int save_errno = errno, e, pgs = getpagesize(), faster = 0, repeat;
251 	static int cnt;
252 	struct timespec ts;
253 	struct timeval tv;
254 	double loadavg[3];
255 	struct rusage ru;
256 	sigset_t sigset;
257 	struct stat st;
258 	SHA512_CTX ctx;
259 	static pid_t lastpid;
260 	pid_t pid;
261 	size_t i, ii, m;
262 	char *p;
263 
264 	pid = getpid();
265 	if (lastpid == pid) {
266 		faster = 1;
267 		repeat = 2;
268 	} else {
269 		faster = 0;
270 		lastpid = pid;
271 		repeat = REPEAT;
272 	}
273 	for (i = 0; i < len; ) {
274 		int j;
275 		SHA512_Init(&ctx);
276 		for (j = 0; j < repeat; j++) {
277 			HX((e = gettimeofday(&tv, NULL)) == -1, tv);
278 			if (e != -1) {
279 				cnt += (int)tv.tv_sec;
280 				cnt += (int)tv.tv_usec;
281 			}
282 
283 			for (ii = 0; ii < sizeof(cl)/sizeof(cl[0]); ii++)
284 				HX(clock_gettime(cl[ii], &ts) == -1, ts);
285 
286 			HX((pid = getpid()) == -1, pid);
287 			HX((pid = getsid(pid)) == -1, pid);
288 			HX((pid = getppid()) == -1, pid);
289 			HX((pid = getpgid(0)) == -1, pid);
290 			HX((e = getpriority(0, 0)) == -1, e);
291 			HX((getloadavg(loadavg, 3) == -1), loadavg);
292 
293 			if (!faster) {
294 				ts.tv_sec = 0;
295 				ts.tv_nsec = 1;
296 				(void) nanosleep(&ts, NULL);
297 			}
298 
299 			HX(sigpending(&sigset) == -1, sigset);
300 			HX(sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, &sigset) == -1,
301 			    sigset);
302 
303 #ifdef CAN_REFERENCE_MAIN
304 			HF(main);		/* an addr in program */
305 #endif
306 			HF(getentropy);	/* an addr in this library */
307 			HF(printf);		/* an addr in libc */
308 			p = (char *)&p;
309 			HD(p);		/* an addr on stack */
310 			p = (char *)&errno;
311 			HD(p);		/* the addr of errno */
312 
313 			if (i == 0) {
314 				struct sockaddr_storage ss;
315 				struct statvfs stvfs;
316 				struct termios tios;
317 				socklen_t ssl;
318 				off_t off;
319 
320 				/*
321 				 * Prime-sized mappings encourage fragmentation;
322 				 * thus exposing some address entropy.
323 				 */
324 				struct mm {
325 					size_t	npg;
326 					void	*p;
327 				} mm[] =	 {
328 					{ 17, MAP_FAILED }, { 3, MAP_FAILED },
329 					{ 11, MAP_FAILED }, { 2, MAP_FAILED },
330 					{ 5, MAP_FAILED }, { 3, MAP_FAILED },
331 					{ 7, MAP_FAILED }, { 1, MAP_FAILED },
332 					{ 57, MAP_FAILED }, { 3, MAP_FAILED },
333 					{ 131, MAP_FAILED }, { 1, MAP_FAILED },
334 				};
335 
336 				for (m = 0; m < sizeof mm/sizeof(mm[0]); m++) {
337 					HX(mm[m].p = mmap(NULL,
338 					    mm[m].npg * pgs,
339 					    PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,
340 					    MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANON, -1,
341 					    (off_t)0), mm[m].p);
342 					if (mm[m].p != MAP_FAILED) {
343 						size_t mo;
344 
345 						/* Touch some memory... */
346 						p = mm[m].p;
347 						mo = cnt %
348 						    (mm[m].npg * pgs - 1);
349 						p[mo] = 1;
350 						cnt += (int)((long)(mm[m].p)
351 						    / pgs);
352 					}
353 
354 					/* Check cnts and times... */
355 					for (ii = 0; ii < sizeof(cl)/sizeof(cl[0]);
356 					    ii++) {
357 						HX((e = clock_gettime(cl[ii],
358 						    &ts)) == -1, ts);
359 						if (e != -1)
360 							cnt += (int)ts.tv_nsec;
361 					}
362 
363 					HX((e = getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF,
364 					    &ru)) == -1, ru);
365 					if (e != -1) {
366 						cnt += (int)ru.ru_utime.tv_sec;
367 						cnt += (int)ru.ru_utime.tv_usec;
368 					}
369 				}
370 
371 				for (m = 0; m < sizeof mm/sizeof(mm[0]); m++) {
372 					if (mm[m].p != MAP_FAILED)
373 						munmap(mm[m].p, mm[m].npg * pgs);
374 					mm[m].p = MAP_FAILED;
375 				}
376 
377 				HX(stat(".", &st) == -1, st);
378 				HX(statvfs(".", &stvfs) == -1, stvfs);
379 
380 				HX(stat("/", &st) == -1, st);
381 				HX(statvfs("/", &stvfs) == -1, stvfs);
382 
383 				HX((e = fstat(0, &st)) == -1, st);
384 				if (e == -1) {
385 					if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode) ||
386 					    S_ISFIFO(st.st_mode) ||
387 					    S_ISSOCK(st.st_mode)) {
388 						HX(fstatvfs(0, &stvfs) == -1,
389 						    stvfs);
390 						HX((off = lseek(0, (off_t)0,
391 						    SEEK_CUR)) < 0, off);
392 					}
393 					if (S_ISCHR(st.st_mode)) {
394 						HX(tcgetattr(0, &tios) == -1,
395 						    tios);
396 					} else if (S_ISSOCK(st.st_mode)) {
397 						memset(&ss, 0, sizeof ss);
398 						ssl = sizeof(ss);
399 						HX(getpeername(0,
400 						    (void *)&ss, &ssl) == -1,
401 						    ss);
402 					}
403 				}
404 
405 				HX((e = getrusage(RUSAGE_CHILDREN,
406 				    &ru)) == -1, ru);
407 				if (e != -1) {
408 					cnt += (int)ru.ru_utime.tv_sec;
409 					cnt += (int)ru.ru_utime.tv_usec;
410 				}
411 			} else {
412 				/* Subsequent hashes absorb previous result */
413 				HD(results);
414 			}
415 
416 			HX((e = gettimeofday(&tv, NULL)) == -1, tv);
417 			if (e != -1) {
418 				cnt += (int)tv.tv_sec;
419 				cnt += (int)tv.tv_usec;
420 			}
421 
422 			HD(cnt);
423 		}
424 		SHA512_Final(results, &ctx);
425 		memcpy((char*)buf + i, results, min(sizeof(results), len - i));
426 		i += min(sizeof(results), len - i);
427 	}
428 	memset(results, 0, sizeof results);
429 	if (gotdata(buf, len) == 0) {
430 		errno = save_errno;
431 		return 0;		/* satisfied */
432 	}
433 	errno = EIO;
434 	return -1;
435 }
436