1 /*
2  * edns-subnet/addrtree.h -- radix tree for edns subnet cache.
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2013, NLnet Labs. All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * This software is open source.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  *
12  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
13  * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14  *
15  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
16  * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
17  * and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  *
19  * Neither the name of the NLNET LABS nor the names of its contributors may
20  * be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
21  * specific prior written permission.
22  *
23  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
24  * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
25  * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
26  * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
27  * HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
28  * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
29  * TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
30  * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
31  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
32  * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
33  * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
34  */
35 
36 /**
37  * \file
38  * The addrtree is a radix tree designed for edns subnet. Most notable
39  * is the addition of 'scope' to a node. Scope is only relevant for
40  * nodes with elem set, it indicates the number of bits the authority
41  * desires.
42  *
43  * For retrieving data one needs an address and address length
44  * (sourcemask). While traversing the tree the first matching node is
45  * returned. A node matches when
46  * 		node.scope<=sourcemask && node.elem!=NULL
47  * 		(This is the most specific answer the authority has.)
48  * or
49  * 		node.sourcemask==sourcemask && node.elem!=NULL
50  * 		(This is the most specific question the client can ask.)
51  *
52  * Insertion needs an address, sourcemask and scope. The length of the
53  * address is capped by min(sourcemask, scope). While traversing the
54  * tree the scope of all visited nodes is updated. This ensures we are
55  * always able to find the most specific answer available.
56  */
57 
58 #ifndef ADDRTREE_H
59 #define ADDRTREE_H
60 
61 typedef uint8_t addrlen_t;
62 typedef uint8_t addrkey_t;
63 #define KEYWIDTH 8
64 
65 struct addrtree {
66 	struct addrnode *root;
67 	/** Number of elements in the tree (not always equal to number of
68 	 * nodes) */
69 	uint32_t node_count;
70 	/** Maximum number of allowed nodes, will be enforced by LRU list.
71 	 * Excluding the root node, 0 for unlimited */
72 	uint32_t max_node_count;
73 	/** Size of tree in bytes */
74 	size_t size_bytes;
75 	/** Maximum prefix length we are willing to cache. */
76 	addrlen_t max_depth;
77 	/** External function to delete elem. Called as
78 	 * delfunc(addrnode->elem, addrtree->env) */
79 	void (*delfunc)(void *, void *);
80 	/** Environment for delfunc */
81 	void *env;
82 	/** External function returning size of elem. Called as
83 	 * sizefunc(addrnode->elem) */
84 	size_t (*sizefunc)(void *);
85 	/** first node in LRU list, first candidate to go */
86 	struct addrnode* first;
87 	/** last node in LRU list, last candidate to go */
88 	struct addrnode *last;
89 };
90 
91 struct addrnode {
92 	/** Payload of node, may be NULL */
93 	void *elem;
94 	/** Abs time in seconds in which elem is meaningful */
95 	time_t ttl;
96 	/** Number of significant bits in address. */
97 	addrlen_t scope;
98 	/** Only use the element for queries for subnet/0. Set if the query
99 	 * for /0 was answered with scope 0. For query /x answer scope 0,
100 	 * they can match anything and this is false. */
101 	int only_match_scope_zero;
102 	/** A node can have 0-2 edges, set to NULL for unused */
103 	struct addredge *edge[2];
104 	/** edge between this node and parent */
105 	struct addredge *parent_edge;
106 	/** previous node in LRU list */
107 	struct addrnode *prev;
108 	/** next node in LRU list */
109 	struct addrnode *next;
110 };
111 
112 struct addredge {
113 	/** address of connected node */
114 	addrkey_t *str;
115 	/** length in bits of str */
116 	addrlen_t len;
117 	/** child node this edge is connected to */
118 	struct addrnode *node;
119 	/** Parent node this ege is connected to */
120 	struct addrnode *parent_node;
121 	/** Index of this edge in parent_node */
122 	int parent_index;
123 };
124 
125 /**
126  * Size of tree in bytes.
127  * @param tree: Tree.
128  * @return size of tree in bytes.
129  */
130 size_t addrtree_size(const struct addrtree *tree);
131 
132 /**
133  * Create a new tree.
134  * @param max_depth: Tree will cap keys to this length.
135  * @param delfunc: f(element, env) delete element.
136  * @param sizefunc: f(element) returning the size of element.
137  * @param env: Module environment for alloc information.
138  * @param max_node_count: Maximum size of this data structure in nodes.
139  * 			0 for unlimited.
140  * @return new addrtree or NULL on failure.
141  */
142 struct addrtree *
143 addrtree_create(addrlen_t max_depth, void (*delfunc)(void *, void *),
144 	size_t (*sizefunc)(void *), void *env, uint32_t max_node_count);
145 
146 /**
147  * Free tree and all nodes below.
148  * @param tree: Tree to be freed.
149  */
150 void addrtree_delete(struct addrtree *tree);
151 
152 /**
153  * Insert an element in the tree. Failures are silent. Sourcemask and
154  * scope might be changed according to local policy. Caller should no
155  * longer access elem, it could be free'd now or later during future
156  * inserts.
157  *
158  * @param tree: Tree insert elem in.
159  * @param addr: key for element lookup.
160  * @param sourcemask: Length of addr in bits.
161  * @param scope: Number of significant bits in addr.
162  * @param elem: data to store in the tree.
163  * @param ttl: elem is valid up to this time, seconds.
164  * @param only_match_scope_zero: set for when query /0 has scope /0 answer.
165  * @param now: Current time in seconds.
166  */
167 void addrtree_insert(struct addrtree *tree, const addrkey_t *addr,
168 	addrlen_t sourcemask, addrlen_t scope, void *elem, time_t ttl,
169 	time_t now, int only_match_scope_zero);
170 
171 /**
172  * Find a node containing an element in the tree.
173  *
174  * @param tree: Tree to search.
175  * @param addr: key for element lookup.
176  * @param sourcemask: Length of addr in bits.
177  * @param now: Current time in seconds.
178  * @return addrnode or NULL on miss.
179  */
180 struct addrnode * addrtree_find(struct addrtree *tree,
181 	const addrkey_t *addr, addrlen_t sourcemask, time_t now);
182 
183 /** Wrappers for static functions to unit test */
184 int unittest_wrapper_addrtree_cmpbit(const addrkey_t *key1,
185 	const addrkey_t *key2, addrlen_t n);
186 addrlen_t unittest_wrapper_addrtree_bits_common(const addrkey_t *s1,
187 	addrlen_t l1, const addrkey_t *s2, addrlen_t l2, addrlen_t skip);
188 int unittest_wrapper_addrtree_getbit(const addrkey_t *addr,
189 	addrlen_t addrlen, addrlen_t n);
190 int unittest_wrapper_addrtree_issub(const addrkey_t *s1, addrlen_t l1,
191 	const addrkey_t *s2, addrlen_t l2,  addrlen_t skip);
192 #endif /* ADDRTREE_H */
193