xref: /freebsd/crypto/openssh/ssh-keygen.c (revision f05cddf9)
1 /* $OpenBSD: ssh-keygen.c,v 1.225 2013/02/10 23:32:10 djm Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
4  * Copyright (c) 1994 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
5  *                    All rights reserved
6  * Identity and host key generation and maintenance.
7  *
8  * As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software
9  * can be used freely for any purpose.  Any derived versions of this
10  * software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is
11  * incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be
12  * called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell".
13  */
14 
15 #include "includes.h"
16 
17 #include <sys/types.h>
18 #include <sys/socket.h>
19 #include <sys/stat.h>
20 #include <sys/param.h>
21 
22 #include <openssl/evp.h>
23 #include <openssl/pem.h>
24 #include "openbsd-compat/openssl-compat.h"
25 
26 #include <errno.h>
27 #include <fcntl.h>
28 #include <netdb.h>
29 #ifdef HAVE_PATHS_H
30 # include <paths.h>
31 #endif
32 #include <pwd.h>
33 #include <stdarg.h>
34 #include <stdio.h>
35 #include <stdlib.h>
36 #include <string.h>
37 #include <unistd.h>
38 
39 #include "xmalloc.h"
40 #include "key.h"
41 #include "rsa.h"
42 #include "authfile.h"
43 #include "uuencode.h"
44 #include "buffer.h"
45 #include "pathnames.h"
46 #include "log.h"
47 #include "misc.h"
48 #include "match.h"
49 #include "hostfile.h"
50 #include "dns.h"
51 #include "ssh.h"
52 #include "ssh2.h"
53 #include "ssh-pkcs11.h"
54 #include "atomicio.h"
55 #include "krl.h"
56 
57 /* Number of bits in the RSA/DSA key.  This value can be set on the command line. */
58 #define DEFAULT_BITS		2048
59 #define DEFAULT_BITS_DSA	1024
60 #define DEFAULT_BITS_ECDSA	256
61 u_int32_t bits = 0;
62 
63 /*
64  * Flag indicating that we just want to change the passphrase.  This can be
65  * set on the command line.
66  */
67 int change_passphrase = 0;
68 
69 /*
70  * Flag indicating that we just want to change the comment.  This can be set
71  * on the command line.
72  */
73 int change_comment = 0;
74 
75 int quiet = 0;
76 
77 int log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO;
78 
79 /* Flag indicating that we want to hash a known_hosts file */
80 int hash_hosts = 0;
81 /* Flag indicating that we want lookup a host in known_hosts file */
82 int find_host = 0;
83 /* Flag indicating that we want to delete a host from a known_hosts file */
84 int delete_host = 0;
85 
86 /* Flag indicating that we want to show the contents of a certificate */
87 int show_cert = 0;
88 
89 /* Flag indicating that we just want to see the key fingerprint */
90 int print_fingerprint = 0;
91 int print_bubblebabble = 0;
92 
93 /* The identity file name, given on the command line or entered by the user. */
94 char identity_file[1024];
95 int have_identity = 0;
96 
97 /* This is set to the passphrase if given on the command line. */
98 char *identity_passphrase = NULL;
99 
100 /* This is set to the new passphrase if given on the command line. */
101 char *identity_new_passphrase = NULL;
102 
103 /* This is set to the new comment if given on the command line. */
104 char *identity_comment = NULL;
105 
106 /* Path to CA key when certifying keys. */
107 char *ca_key_path = NULL;
108 
109 /* Certificate serial number */
110 unsigned long long cert_serial = 0;
111 
112 /* Key type when certifying */
113 u_int cert_key_type = SSH2_CERT_TYPE_USER;
114 
115 /* "key ID" of signed key */
116 char *cert_key_id = NULL;
117 
118 /* Comma-separated list of principal names for certifying keys */
119 char *cert_principals = NULL;
120 
121 /* Validity period for certificates */
122 u_int64_t cert_valid_from = 0;
123 u_int64_t cert_valid_to = ~0ULL;
124 
125 /* Certificate options */
126 #define CERTOPT_X_FWD	(1)
127 #define CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD	(1<<1)
128 #define CERTOPT_PORT_FWD	(1<<2)
129 #define CERTOPT_PTY		(1<<3)
130 #define CERTOPT_USER_RC	(1<<4)
131 #define CERTOPT_DEFAULT	(CERTOPT_X_FWD|CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD| \
132 			 CERTOPT_PORT_FWD|CERTOPT_PTY|CERTOPT_USER_RC)
133 u_int32_t certflags_flags = CERTOPT_DEFAULT;
134 char *certflags_command = NULL;
135 char *certflags_src_addr = NULL;
136 
137 /* Conversion to/from various formats */
138 int convert_to = 0;
139 int convert_from = 0;
140 enum {
141 	FMT_RFC4716,
142 	FMT_PKCS8,
143 	FMT_PEM
144 } convert_format = FMT_RFC4716;
145 int print_public = 0;
146 int print_generic = 0;
147 
148 char *key_type_name = NULL;
149 
150 /* Load key from this PKCS#11 provider */
151 char *pkcs11provider = NULL;
152 
153 /* argv0 */
154 extern char *__progname;
155 
156 char hostname[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
157 
158 /* moduli.c */
159 int gen_candidates(FILE *, u_int32_t, u_int32_t, BIGNUM *);
160 int prime_test(FILE *, FILE *, u_int32_t, u_int32_t, char *, unsigned long,
161     unsigned long);
162 
163 static void
164 type_bits_valid(int type, u_int32_t *bitsp)
165 {
166 	u_int maxbits;
167 
168 	if (type == KEY_UNSPEC) {
169 		fprintf(stderr, "unknown key type %s\n", key_type_name);
170 		exit(1);
171 	}
172 	if (*bitsp == 0) {
173 		if (type == KEY_DSA)
174 			*bitsp = DEFAULT_BITS_DSA;
175 		else if (type == KEY_ECDSA)
176 			*bitsp = DEFAULT_BITS_ECDSA;
177 		else
178 			*bitsp = DEFAULT_BITS;
179 	}
180 	maxbits = (type == KEY_DSA) ?
181 	    OPENSSL_DSA_MAX_MODULUS_BITS : OPENSSL_RSA_MAX_MODULUS_BITS;
182 	if (*bitsp > maxbits) {
183 		fprintf(stderr, "key bits exceeds maximum %d\n", maxbits);
184 		exit(1);
185 	}
186 	if (type == KEY_DSA && *bitsp != 1024)
187 		fatal("DSA keys must be 1024 bits");
188 	else if (type != KEY_ECDSA && *bitsp < 768)
189 		fatal("Key must at least be 768 bits");
190 	else if (type == KEY_ECDSA && key_ecdsa_bits_to_nid(*bitsp) == -1)
191 		fatal("Invalid ECDSA key length - valid lengths are "
192 		    "256, 384 or 521 bits");
193 }
194 
195 static void
196 ask_filename(struct passwd *pw, const char *prompt)
197 {
198 	char buf[1024];
199 	char *name = NULL;
200 
201 	if (key_type_name == NULL)
202 		name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_RSA;
203 	else {
204 		switch (key_type_from_name(key_type_name)) {
205 		case KEY_RSA1:
206 			name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_IDENTITY;
207 			break;
208 		case KEY_DSA_CERT:
209 		case KEY_DSA_CERT_V00:
210 		case KEY_DSA:
211 			name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_DSA;
212 			break;
213 #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
214 		case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
215 		case KEY_ECDSA:
216 			name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_ECDSA;
217 			break;
218 #endif
219 		case KEY_RSA_CERT:
220 		case KEY_RSA_CERT_V00:
221 		case KEY_RSA:
222 			name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_RSA;
223 			break;
224 		default:
225 			fprintf(stderr, "bad key type\n");
226 			exit(1);
227 			break;
228 		}
229 	}
230 	snprintf(identity_file, sizeof(identity_file), "%s/%s", pw->pw_dir, name);
231 	fprintf(stderr, "%s (%s): ", prompt, identity_file);
232 	if (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), stdin) == NULL)
233 		exit(1);
234 	buf[strcspn(buf, "\n")] = '\0';
235 	if (strcmp(buf, "") != 0)
236 		strlcpy(identity_file, buf, sizeof(identity_file));
237 	have_identity = 1;
238 }
239 
240 static Key *
241 load_identity(char *filename)
242 {
243 	char *pass;
244 	Key *prv;
245 
246 	prv = key_load_private(filename, "", NULL);
247 	if (prv == NULL) {
248 		if (identity_passphrase)
249 			pass = xstrdup(identity_passphrase);
250 		else
251 			pass = read_passphrase("Enter passphrase: ",
252 			    RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
253 		prv = key_load_private(filename, pass, NULL);
254 		memset(pass, 0, strlen(pass));
255 		xfree(pass);
256 	}
257 	return prv;
258 }
259 
260 #define SSH_COM_PUBLIC_BEGIN		"---- BEGIN SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----"
261 #define SSH_COM_PUBLIC_END		"---- END SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----"
262 #define SSH_COM_PRIVATE_BEGIN		"---- BEGIN SSH2 ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY ----"
263 #define	SSH_COM_PRIVATE_KEY_MAGIC	0x3f6ff9eb
264 
265 static void
266 do_convert_to_ssh2(struct passwd *pw, Key *k)
267 {
268 	u_int len;
269 	u_char *blob;
270 	char comment[61];
271 
272 	if (k->type == KEY_RSA1) {
273 		fprintf(stderr, "version 1 keys are not supported\n");
274 		exit(1);
275 	}
276 	if (key_to_blob(k, &blob, &len) <= 0) {
277 		fprintf(stderr, "key_to_blob failed\n");
278 		exit(1);
279 	}
280 	/* Comment + surrounds must fit into 72 chars (RFC 4716 sec 3.3) */
281 	snprintf(comment, sizeof(comment),
282 	    "%u-bit %s, converted by %s@%s from OpenSSH",
283 	    key_size(k), key_type(k),
284 	    pw->pw_name, hostname);
285 
286 	fprintf(stdout, "%s\n", SSH_COM_PUBLIC_BEGIN);
287 	fprintf(stdout, "Comment: \"%s\"\n", comment);
288 	dump_base64(stdout, blob, len);
289 	fprintf(stdout, "%s\n", SSH_COM_PUBLIC_END);
290 	key_free(k);
291 	xfree(blob);
292 	exit(0);
293 }
294 
295 static void
296 do_convert_to_pkcs8(Key *k)
297 {
298 	switch (key_type_plain(k->type)) {
299 	case KEY_RSA1:
300 	case KEY_RSA:
301 		if (!PEM_write_RSA_PUBKEY(stdout, k->rsa))
302 			fatal("PEM_write_RSA_PUBKEY failed");
303 		break;
304 	case KEY_DSA:
305 		if (!PEM_write_DSA_PUBKEY(stdout, k->dsa))
306 			fatal("PEM_write_DSA_PUBKEY failed");
307 		break;
308 #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
309 	case KEY_ECDSA:
310 		if (!PEM_write_EC_PUBKEY(stdout, k->ecdsa))
311 			fatal("PEM_write_EC_PUBKEY failed");
312 		break;
313 #endif
314 	default:
315 		fatal("%s: unsupported key type %s", __func__, key_type(k));
316 	}
317 	exit(0);
318 }
319 
320 static void
321 do_convert_to_pem(Key *k)
322 {
323 	switch (key_type_plain(k->type)) {
324 	case KEY_RSA1:
325 	case KEY_RSA:
326 		if (!PEM_write_RSAPublicKey(stdout, k->rsa))
327 			fatal("PEM_write_RSAPublicKey failed");
328 		break;
329 #if notyet /* OpenSSH 0.9.8 lacks this function */
330 	case KEY_DSA:
331 		if (!PEM_write_DSAPublicKey(stdout, k->dsa))
332 			fatal("PEM_write_DSAPublicKey failed");
333 		break;
334 #endif
335 	/* XXX ECDSA? */
336 	default:
337 		fatal("%s: unsupported key type %s", __func__, key_type(k));
338 	}
339 	exit(0);
340 }
341 
342 static void
343 do_convert_to(struct passwd *pw)
344 {
345 	Key *k;
346 	struct stat st;
347 
348 	if (!have_identity)
349 		ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
350 	if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0)
351 		fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
352 	if ((k = key_load_public(identity_file, NULL)) == NULL) {
353 		if ((k = load_identity(identity_file)) == NULL) {
354 			fprintf(stderr, "load failed\n");
355 			exit(1);
356 		}
357 	}
358 
359 	switch (convert_format) {
360 	case FMT_RFC4716:
361 		do_convert_to_ssh2(pw, k);
362 		break;
363 	case FMT_PKCS8:
364 		do_convert_to_pkcs8(k);
365 		break;
366 	case FMT_PEM:
367 		do_convert_to_pem(k);
368 		break;
369 	default:
370 		fatal("%s: unknown key format %d", __func__, convert_format);
371 	}
372 	exit(0);
373 }
374 
375 static void
376 buffer_get_bignum_bits(Buffer *b, BIGNUM *value)
377 {
378 	u_int bignum_bits = buffer_get_int(b);
379 	u_int bytes = (bignum_bits + 7) / 8;
380 
381 	if (buffer_len(b) < bytes)
382 		fatal("buffer_get_bignum_bits: input buffer too small: "
383 		    "need %d have %d", bytes, buffer_len(b));
384 	if (BN_bin2bn(buffer_ptr(b), bytes, value) == NULL)
385 		fatal("buffer_get_bignum_bits: BN_bin2bn failed");
386 	buffer_consume(b, bytes);
387 }
388 
389 static Key *
390 do_convert_private_ssh2_from_blob(u_char *blob, u_int blen)
391 {
392 	Buffer b;
393 	Key *key = NULL;
394 	char *type, *cipher;
395 	u_char *sig, data[] = "abcde12345";
396 	int magic, rlen, ktype, i1, i2, i3, i4;
397 	u_int slen;
398 	u_long e;
399 
400 	buffer_init(&b);
401 	buffer_append(&b, blob, blen);
402 
403 	magic = buffer_get_int(&b);
404 	if (magic != SSH_COM_PRIVATE_KEY_MAGIC) {
405 		error("bad magic 0x%x != 0x%x", magic, SSH_COM_PRIVATE_KEY_MAGIC);
406 		buffer_free(&b);
407 		return NULL;
408 	}
409 	i1 = buffer_get_int(&b);
410 	type   = buffer_get_string(&b, NULL);
411 	cipher = buffer_get_string(&b, NULL);
412 	i2 = buffer_get_int(&b);
413 	i3 = buffer_get_int(&b);
414 	i4 = buffer_get_int(&b);
415 	debug("ignore (%d %d %d %d)", i1, i2, i3, i4);
416 	if (strcmp(cipher, "none") != 0) {
417 		error("unsupported cipher %s", cipher);
418 		xfree(cipher);
419 		buffer_free(&b);
420 		xfree(type);
421 		return NULL;
422 	}
423 	xfree(cipher);
424 
425 	if (strstr(type, "dsa")) {
426 		ktype = KEY_DSA;
427 	} else if (strstr(type, "rsa")) {
428 		ktype = KEY_RSA;
429 	} else {
430 		buffer_free(&b);
431 		xfree(type);
432 		return NULL;
433 	}
434 	key = key_new_private(ktype);
435 	xfree(type);
436 
437 	switch (key->type) {
438 	case KEY_DSA:
439 		buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->dsa->p);
440 		buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->dsa->g);
441 		buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->dsa->q);
442 		buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->dsa->pub_key);
443 		buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->dsa->priv_key);
444 		break;
445 	case KEY_RSA:
446 		e = buffer_get_char(&b);
447 		debug("e %lx", e);
448 		if (e < 30) {
449 			e <<= 8;
450 			e += buffer_get_char(&b);
451 			debug("e %lx", e);
452 			e <<= 8;
453 			e += buffer_get_char(&b);
454 			debug("e %lx", e);
455 		}
456 		if (!BN_set_word(key->rsa->e, e)) {
457 			buffer_free(&b);
458 			key_free(key);
459 			return NULL;
460 		}
461 		buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->rsa->d);
462 		buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->rsa->n);
463 		buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->rsa->iqmp);
464 		buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->rsa->q);
465 		buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->rsa->p);
466 		rsa_generate_additional_parameters(key->rsa);
467 		break;
468 	}
469 	rlen = buffer_len(&b);
470 	if (rlen != 0)
471 		error("do_convert_private_ssh2_from_blob: "
472 		    "remaining bytes in key blob %d", rlen);
473 	buffer_free(&b);
474 
475 	/* try the key */
476 	key_sign(key, &sig, &slen, data, sizeof(data));
477 	key_verify(key, sig, slen, data, sizeof(data));
478 	xfree(sig);
479 	return key;
480 }
481 
482 static int
483 get_line(FILE *fp, char *line, size_t len)
484 {
485 	int c;
486 	size_t pos = 0;
487 
488 	line[0] = '\0';
489 	while ((c = fgetc(fp)) != EOF) {
490 		if (pos >= len - 1) {
491 			fprintf(stderr, "input line too long.\n");
492 			exit(1);
493 		}
494 		switch (c) {
495 		case '\r':
496 			c = fgetc(fp);
497 			if (c != EOF && c != '\n' && ungetc(c, fp) == EOF) {
498 				fprintf(stderr, "unget: %s\n", strerror(errno));
499 				exit(1);
500 			}
501 			return pos;
502 		case '\n':
503 			return pos;
504 		}
505 		line[pos++] = c;
506 		line[pos] = '\0';
507 	}
508 	/* We reached EOF */
509 	return -1;
510 }
511 
512 static void
513 do_convert_from_ssh2(struct passwd *pw, Key **k, int *private)
514 {
515 	int blen;
516 	u_int len;
517 	char line[1024];
518 	u_char blob[8096];
519 	char encoded[8096];
520 	int escaped = 0;
521 	FILE *fp;
522 
523 	if ((fp = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL)
524 		fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
525 	encoded[0] = '\0';
526 	while ((blen = get_line(fp, line, sizeof(line))) != -1) {
527 		if (line[blen - 1] == '\\')
528 			escaped++;
529 		if (strncmp(line, "----", 4) == 0 ||
530 		    strstr(line, ": ") != NULL) {
531 			if (strstr(line, SSH_COM_PRIVATE_BEGIN) != NULL)
532 				*private = 1;
533 			if (strstr(line, " END ") != NULL) {
534 				break;
535 			}
536 			/* fprintf(stderr, "ignore: %s", line); */
537 			continue;
538 		}
539 		if (escaped) {
540 			escaped--;
541 			/* fprintf(stderr, "escaped: %s", line); */
542 			continue;
543 		}
544 		strlcat(encoded, line, sizeof(encoded));
545 	}
546 	len = strlen(encoded);
547 	if (((len % 4) == 3) &&
548 	    (encoded[len-1] == '=') &&
549 	    (encoded[len-2] == '=') &&
550 	    (encoded[len-3] == '='))
551 		encoded[len-3] = '\0';
552 	blen = uudecode(encoded, blob, sizeof(blob));
553 	if (blen < 0) {
554 		fprintf(stderr, "uudecode failed.\n");
555 		exit(1);
556 	}
557 	*k = *private ?
558 	    do_convert_private_ssh2_from_blob(blob, blen) :
559 	    key_from_blob(blob, blen);
560 	if (*k == NULL) {
561 		fprintf(stderr, "decode blob failed.\n");
562 		exit(1);
563 	}
564 	fclose(fp);
565 }
566 
567 static void
568 do_convert_from_pkcs8(Key **k, int *private)
569 {
570 	EVP_PKEY *pubkey;
571 	FILE *fp;
572 
573 	if ((fp = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL)
574 		fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
575 	if ((pubkey = PEM_read_PUBKEY(fp, NULL, NULL, NULL)) == NULL) {
576 		fatal("%s: %s is not a recognised public key format", __func__,
577 		    identity_file);
578 	}
579 	fclose(fp);
580 	switch (EVP_PKEY_type(pubkey->type)) {
581 	case EVP_PKEY_RSA:
582 		*k = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC);
583 		(*k)->type = KEY_RSA;
584 		(*k)->rsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_RSA(pubkey);
585 		break;
586 	case EVP_PKEY_DSA:
587 		*k = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC);
588 		(*k)->type = KEY_DSA;
589 		(*k)->dsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_DSA(pubkey);
590 		break;
591 #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
592 	case EVP_PKEY_EC:
593 		*k = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC);
594 		(*k)->type = KEY_ECDSA;
595 		(*k)->ecdsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_EC_KEY(pubkey);
596 		(*k)->ecdsa_nid = key_ecdsa_key_to_nid((*k)->ecdsa);
597 		break;
598 #endif
599 	default:
600 		fatal("%s: unsupported pubkey type %d", __func__,
601 		    EVP_PKEY_type(pubkey->type));
602 	}
603 	EVP_PKEY_free(pubkey);
604 	return;
605 }
606 
607 static void
608 do_convert_from_pem(Key **k, int *private)
609 {
610 	FILE *fp;
611 	RSA *rsa;
612 #ifdef notyet
613 	DSA *dsa;
614 #endif
615 
616 	if ((fp = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL)
617 		fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
618 	if ((rsa = PEM_read_RSAPublicKey(fp, NULL, NULL, NULL)) != NULL) {
619 		*k = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC);
620 		(*k)->type = KEY_RSA;
621 		(*k)->rsa = rsa;
622 		fclose(fp);
623 		return;
624 	}
625 #if notyet /* OpenSSH 0.9.8 lacks this function */
626 	rewind(fp);
627 	if ((dsa = PEM_read_DSAPublicKey(fp, NULL, NULL, NULL)) != NULL) {
628 		*k = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC);
629 		(*k)->type = KEY_DSA;
630 		(*k)->dsa = dsa;
631 		fclose(fp);
632 		return;
633 	}
634 	/* XXX ECDSA */
635 #endif
636 	fatal("%s: unrecognised raw private key format", __func__);
637 }
638 
639 static void
640 do_convert_from(struct passwd *pw)
641 {
642 	Key *k = NULL;
643 	int private = 0, ok = 0;
644 	struct stat st;
645 
646 	if (!have_identity)
647 		ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
648 	if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0)
649 		fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
650 
651 	switch (convert_format) {
652 	case FMT_RFC4716:
653 		do_convert_from_ssh2(pw, &k, &private);
654 		break;
655 	case FMT_PKCS8:
656 		do_convert_from_pkcs8(&k, &private);
657 		break;
658 	case FMT_PEM:
659 		do_convert_from_pem(&k, &private);
660 		break;
661 	default:
662 		fatal("%s: unknown key format %d", __func__, convert_format);
663 	}
664 
665 	if (!private)
666 		ok = key_write(k, stdout);
667 		if (ok)
668 			fprintf(stdout, "\n");
669 	else {
670 		switch (k->type) {
671 		case KEY_DSA:
672 			ok = PEM_write_DSAPrivateKey(stdout, k->dsa, NULL,
673 			    NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
674 			break;
675 #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
676 		case KEY_ECDSA:
677 			ok = PEM_write_ECPrivateKey(stdout, k->ecdsa, NULL,
678 			    NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
679 			break;
680 #endif
681 		case KEY_RSA:
682 			ok = PEM_write_RSAPrivateKey(stdout, k->rsa, NULL,
683 			    NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
684 			break;
685 		default:
686 			fatal("%s: unsupported key type %s", __func__,
687 			    key_type(k));
688 		}
689 	}
690 
691 	if (!ok) {
692 		fprintf(stderr, "key write failed\n");
693 		exit(1);
694 	}
695 	key_free(k);
696 	exit(0);
697 }
698 
699 static void
700 do_print_public(struct passwd *pw)
701 {
702 	Key *prv;
703 	struct stat st;
704 
705 	if (!have_identity)
706 		ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
707 	if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0) {
708 		perror(identity_file);
709 		exit(1);
710 	}
711 	prv = load_identity(identity_file);
712 	if (prv == NULL) {
713 		fprintf(stderr, "load failed\n");
714 		exit(1);
715 	}
716 	if (!key_write(prv, stdout))
717 		fprintf(stderr, "key_write failed");
718 	key_free(prv);
719 	fprintf(stdout, "\n");
720 	exit(0);
721 }
722 
723 static void
724 do_download(struct passwd *pw)
725 {
726 #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
727 	Key **keys = NULL;
728 	int i, nkeys;
729 	enum fp_rep rep;
730 	enum fp_type fptype;
731 	char *fp, *ra;
732 
733 	fptype = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_SHA1 : SSH_FP_MD5;
734 	rep =    print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_BUBBLEBABBLE : SSH_FP_HEX;
735 
736 	pkcs11_init(0);
737 	nkeys = pkcs11_add_provider(pkcs11provider, NULL, &keys);
738 	if (nkeys <= 0)
739 		fatal("cannot read public key from pkcs11");
740 	for (i = 0; i < nkeys; i++) {
741 		if (print_fingerprint) {
742 			fp = key_fingerprint(keys[i], fptype, rep);
743 			ra = key_fingerprint(keys[i], SSH_FP_MD5,
744 			    SSH_FP_RANDOMART);
745 			printf("%u %s %s (PKCS11 key)\n", key_size(keys[i]),
746 			    fp, key_type(keys[i]));
747 			if (log_level >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE)
748 				printf("%s\n", ra);
749 			xfree(ra);
750 			xfree(fp);
751 		} else {
752 			key_write(keys[i], stdout);
753 			fprintf(stdout, "\n");
754 		}
755 		key_free(keys[i]);
756 	}
757 	xfree(keys);
758 	pkcs11_terminate();
759 	exit(0);
760 #else
761 	fatal("no pkcs11 support");
762 #endif /* ENABLE_PKCS11 */
763 }
764 
765 static void
766 do_fingerprint(struct passwd *pw)
767 {
768 	FILE *f;
769 	Key *public;
770 	char *comment = NULL, *cp, *ep, line[16*1024], *fp, *ra;
771 	int i, skip = 0, num = 0, invalid = 1;
772 	enum fp_rep rep;
773 	enum fp_type fptype;
774 	struct stat st;
775 
776 	fptype = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_SHA1 : SSH_FP_MD5;
777 	rep =    print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_BUBBLEBABBLE : SSH_FP_HEX;
778 
779 	if (!have_identity)
780 		ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
781 	if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0) {
782 		perror(identity_file);
783 		exit(1);
784 	}
785 	public = key_load_public(identity_file, &comment);
786 	if (public != NULL) {
787 		fp = key_fingerprint(public, fptype, rep);
788 		ra = key_fingerprint(public, SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_RANDOMART);
789 		printf("%u %s %s (%s)\n", key_size(public), fp, comment,
790 		    key_type(public));
791 		if (log_level >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE)
792 			printf("%s\n", ra);
793 		key_free(public);
794 		xfree(comment);
795 		xfree(ra);
796 		xfree(fp);
797 		exit(0);
798 	}
799 	if (comment) {
800 		xfree(comment);
801 		comment = NULL;
802 	}
803 
804 	if ((f = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL)
805 		fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
806 
807 	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) {
808 		if ((cp = strchr(line, '\n')) == NULL) {
809 			error("line %d too long: %.40s...",
810 			    num + 1, line);
811 			skip = 1;
812 			continue;
813 		}
814 		num++;
815 		if (skip) {
816 			skip = 0;
817 			continue;
818 		}
819 		*cp = '\0';
820 
821 		/* Skip leading whitespace, empty and comment lines. */
822 		for (cp = line; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'; cp++)
823 			;
824 		if (!*cp || *cp == '\n' || *cp == '#')
825 			continue;
826 		i = strtol(cp, &ep, 10);
827 		if (i == 0 || ep == NULL || (*ep != ' ' && *ep != '\t')) {
828 			int quoted = 0;
829 			comment = cp;
830 			for (; *cp && (quoted || (*cp != ' ' &&
831 			    *cp != '\t')); cp++) {
832 				if (*cp == '\\' && cp[1] == '"')
833 					cp++;	/* Skip both */
834 				else if (*cp == '"')
835 					quoted = !quoted;
836 			}
837 			if (!*cp)
838 				continue;
839 			*cp++ = '\0';
840 		}
841 		ep = cp;
842 		public = key_new(KEY_RSA1);
843 		if (key_read(public, &cp) != 1) {
844 			cp = ep;
845 			key_free(public);
846 			public = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC);
847 			if (key_read(public, &cp) != 1) {
848 				key_free(public);
849 				continue;
850 			}
851 		}
852 		comment = *cp ? cp : comment;
853 		fp = key_fingerprint(public, fptype, rep);
854 		ra = key_fingerprint(public, SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_RANDOMART);
855 		printf("%u %s %s (%s)\n", key_size(public), fp,
856 		    comment ? comment : "no comment", key_type(public));
857 		if (log_level >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE)
858 			printf("%s\n", ra);
859 		xfree(ra);
860 		xfree(fp);
861 		key_free(public);
862 		invalid = 0;
863 	}
864 	fclose(f);
865 
866 	if (invalid) {
867 		printf("%s is not a public key file.\n", identity_file);
868 		exit(1);
869 	}
870 	exit(0);
871 }
872 
873 static void
874 do_gen_all_hostkeys(struct passwd *pw)
875 {
876 	struct {
877 		char *key_type;
878 		char *key_type_display;
879 		char *path;
880 	} key_types[] = {
881 		{ "rsa1", "RSA1", _PATH_HOST_KEY_FILE },
882 		{ "rsa", "RSA" ,_PATH_HOST_RSA_KEY_FILE },
883 		{ "dsa", "DSA", _PATH_HOST_DSA_KEY_FILE },
884 #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
885 		{ "ecdsa", "ECDSA",_PATH_HOST_ECDSA_KEY_FILE },
886 #endif
887 		{ NULL, NULL, NULL }
888 	};
889 
890 	int first = 0;
891 	struct stat st;
892 	Key *private, *public;
893 	char comment[1024];
894 	int i, type, fd;
895 	FILE *f;
896 
897 	for (i = 0; key_types[i].key_type; i++) {
898 		if (stat(key_types[i].path, &st) == 0)
899 			continue;
900 		if (errno != ENOENT) {
901 			printf("Could not stat %s: %s", key_types[i].path,
902 			    strerror(errno));
903 			first = 0;
904 			continue;
905 		}
906 
907 		if (first == 0) {
908 			first = 1;
909 			printf("%s: generating new host keys: ", __progname);
910 		}
911 		printf("%s ", key_types[i].key_type_display);
912 		fflush(stdout);
913 		arc4random_stir();
914 		type = key_type_from_name(key_types[i].key_type);
915 		strlcpy(identity_file, key_types[i].path, sizeof(identity_file));
916 		bits = 0;
917 		type_bits_valid(type, &bits);
918 		private = key_generate(type, bits);
919 		if (private == NULL) {
920 			fprintf(stderr, "key_generate failed\n");
921 			first = 0;
922 			continue;
923 		}
924 		public  = key_from_private(private);
925 		snprintf(comment, sizeof comment, "%s@%s", pw->pw_name,
926 		    hostname);
927 		if (!key_save_private(private, identity_file, "", comment)) {
928 			printf("Saving the key failed: %s.\n", identity_file);
929 			key_free(private);
930 			key_free(public);
931 			first = 0;
932 			continue;
933 		}
934 		key_free(private);
935 		arc4random_stir();
936 		strlcat(identity_file, ".pub", sizeof(identity_file));
937 		fd = open(identity_file, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644);
938 		if (fd == -1) {
939 			printf("Could not save your public key in %s\n",
940 			    identity_file);
941 			key_free(public);
942 			first = 0;
943 			continue;
944 		}
945 		f = fdopen(fd, "w");
946 		if (f == NULL) {
947 			printf("fdopen %s failed\n", identity_file);
948 			key_free(public);
949 			first = 0;
950 			continue;
951 		}
952 		if (!key_write(public, f)) {
953 			fprintf(stderr, "write key failed\n");
954 			key_free(public);
955 			first = 0;
956 			continue;
957 		}
958 		fprintf(f, " %s\n", comment);
959 		fclose(f);
960 		key_free(public);
961 
962 	}
963 	if (first != 0)
964 		printf("\n");
965 }
966 
967 static void
968 printhost(FILE *f, const char *name, Key *public, int ca, int hash)
969 {
970 	if (print_fingerprint) {
971 		enum fp_rep rep;
972 		enum fp_type fptype;
973 		char *fp, *ra;
974 
975 		fptype = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_SHA1 : SSH_FP_MD5;
976 		rep =    print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_BUBBLEBABBLE : SSH_FP_HEX;
977 		fp = key_fingerprint(public, fptype, rep);
978 		ra = key_fingerprint(public, SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_RANDOMART);
979 		printf("%u %s %s (%s)\n", key_size(public), fp, name,
980 		    key_type(public));
981 		if (log_level >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE)
982 			printf("%s\n", ra);
983 		xfree(ra);
984 		xfree(fp);
985 	} else {
986 		if (hash && (name = host_hash(name, NULL, 0)) == NULL)
987 			fatal("hash_host failed");
988 		fprintf(f, "%s%s%s ", ca ? CA_MARKER : "", ca ? " " : "", name);
989 		if (!key_write(public, f))
990 			fatal("key_write failed");
991 		fprintf(f, "\n");
992 	}
993 }
994 
995 static void
996 do_known_hosts(struct passwd *pw, const char *name)
997 {
998 	FILE *in, *out = stdout;
999 	Key *pub;
1000 	char *cp, *cp2, *kp, *kp2;
1001 	char line[16*1024], tmp[MAXPATHLEN], old[MAXPATHLEN];
1002 	int c, skip = 0, inplace = 0, num = 0, invalid = 0, has_unhashed = 0;
1003 	int ca;
1004 
1005 	if (!have_identity) {
1006 		cp = tilde_expand_filename(_PATH_SSH_USER_HOSTFILE, pw->pw_uid);
1007 		if (strlcpy(identity_file, cp, sizeof(identity_file)) >=
1008 		    sizeof(identity_file))
1009 			fatal("Specified known hosts path too long");
1010 		xfree(cp);
1011 		have_identity = 1;
1012 	}
1013 	if ((in = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL)
1014 		fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
1015 
1016 	/*
1017 	 * Find hosts goes to stdout, hash and deletions happen in-place
1018 	 * A corner case is ssh-keygen -HF foo, which should go to stdout
1019 	 */
1020 	if (!find_host && (hash_hosts || delete_host)) {
1021 		if (strlcpy(tmp, identity_file, sizeof(tmp)) >= sizeof(tmp) ||
1022 		    strlcat(tmp, ".XXXXXXXXXX", sizeof(tmp)) >= sizeof(tmp) ||
1023 		    strlcpy(old, identity_file, sizeof(old)) >= sizeof(old) ||
1024 		    strlcat(old, ".old", sizeof(old)) >= sizeof(old))
1025 			fatal("known_hosts path too long");
1026 		umask(077);
1027 		if ((c = mkstemp(tmp)) == -1)
1028 			fatal("mkstemp: %s", strerror(errno));
1029 		if ((out = fdopen(c, "w")) == NULL) {
1030 			c = errno;
1031 			unlink(tmp);
1032 			fatal("fdopen: %s", strerror(c));
1033 		}
1034 		inplace = 1;
1035 	}
1036 
1037 	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), in)) {
1038 		if ((cp = strchr(line, '\n')) == NULL) {
1039 			error("line %d too long: %.40s...", num + 1, line);
1040 			skip = 1;
1041 			invalid = 1;
1042 			continue;
1043 		}
1044 		num++;
1045 		if (skip) {
1046 			skip = 0;
1047 			continue;
1048 		}
1049 		*cp = '\0';
1050 
1051 		/* Skip leading whitespace, empty and comment lines. */
1052 		for (cp = line; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'; cp++)
1053 			;
1054 		if (!*cp || *cp == '\n' || *cp == '#') {
1055 			if (inplace)
1056 				fprintf(out, "%s\n", cp);
1057 			continue;
1058 		}
1059 		/* Check whether this is a CA key */
1060 		if (strncasecmp(cp, CA_MARKER, sizeof(CA_MARKER) - 1) == 0 &&
1061 		    (cp[sizeof(CA_MARKER) - 1] == ' ' ||
1062 		    cp[sizeof(CA_MARKER) - 1] == '\t')) {
1063 			ca = 1;
1064 			cp += sizeof(CA_MARKER);
1065 		} else
1066 			ca = 0;
1067 
1068 		/* Find the end of the host name portion. */
1069 		for (kp = cp; *kp && *kp != ' ' && *kp != '\t'; kp++)
1070 			;
1071 
1072 		if (*kp == '\0' || *(kp + 1) == '\0') {
1073 			error("line %d missing key: %.40s...",
1074 			    num, line);
1075 			invalid = 1;
1076 			continue;
1077 		}
1078 		*kp++ = '\0';
1079 		kp2 = kp;
1080 
1081 		pub = key_new(KEY_RSA1);
1082 		if (key_read(pub, &kp) != 1) {
1083 			kp = kp2;
1084 			key_free(pub);
1085 			pub = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC);
1086 			if (key_read(pub, &kp) != 1) {
1087 				error("line %d invalid key: %.40s...",
1088 				    num, line);
1089 				key_free(pub);
1090 				invalid = 1;
1091 				continue;
1092 			}
1093 		}
1094 
1095 		if (*cp == HASH_DELIM) {
1096 			if (find_host || delete_host) {
1097 				cp2 = host_hash(name, cp, strlen(cp));
1098 				if (cp2 == NULL) {
1099 					error("line %d: invalid hashed "
1100 					    "name: %.64s...", num, line);
1101 					invalid = 1;
1102 					continue;
1103 				}
1104 				c = (strcmp(cp2, cp) == 0);
1105 				if (find_host && c) {
1106 					printf("# Host %s found: "
1107 					    "line %d type %s%s\n", name,
1108 					    num, key_type(pub),
1109 					    ca ? " (CA key)" : "");
1110 					printhost(out, cp, pub, ca, 0);
1111 				}
1112 				if (delete_host) {
1113 					if (!c && !ca)
1114 						printhost(out, cp, pub, ca, 0);
1115 					else
1116 						printf("# Host %s found: "
1117 						    "line %d type %s\n", name,
1118 						    num, key_type(pub));
1119 				}
1120 			} else if (hash_hosts)
1121 				printhost(out, cp, pub, ca, 0);
1122 		} else {
1123 			if (find_host || delete_host) {
1124 				c = (match_hostname(name, cp,
1125 				    strlen(cp)) == 1);
1126 				if (find_host && c) {
1127 					printf("# Host %s found: "
1128 					    "line %d type %s%s\n", name,
1129 					    num, key_type(pub),
1130 					    ca ? " (CA key)" : "");
1131 					printhost(out, name, pub,
1132 					    ca, hash_hosts && !ca);
1133 				}
1134 				if (delete_host) {
1135 					if (!c && !ca)
1136 						printhost(out, cp, pub, ca, 0);
1137 					else
1138 						printf("# Host %s found: "
1139 						    "line %d type %s\n", name,
1140 						    num, key_type(pub));
1141 				}
1142 			} else if (hash_hosts) {
1143 				for (cp2 = strsep(&cp, ",");
1144 				    cp2 != NULL && *cp2 != '\0';
1145 				    cp2 = strsep(&cp, ",")) {
1146 					if (ca) {
1147 						fprintf(stderr, "Warning: "
1148 						    "ignoring CA key for host: "
1149 						    "%.64s\n", cp2);
1150 						printhost(out, cp2, pub, ca, 0);
1151 					} else if (strcspn(cp2, "*?!") !=
1152 					    strlen(cp2)) {
1153 						fprintf(stderr, "Warning: "
1154 						    "ignoring host name with "
1155 						    "metacharacters: %.64s\n",
1156 						    cp2);
1157 						printhost(out, cp2, pub, ca, 0);
1158 					} else
1159 						printhost(out, cp2, pub, ca, 1);
1160 				}
1161 				has_unhashed = 1;
1162 			}
1163 		}
1164 		key_free(pub);
1165 	}
1166 	fclose(in);
1167 
1168 	if (invalid) {
1169 		fprintf(stderr, "%s is not a valid known_hosts file.\n",
1170 		    identity_file);
1171 		if (inplace) {
1172 			fprintf(stderr, "Not replacing existing known_hosts "
1173 			    "file because of errors\n");
1174 			fclose(out);
1175 			unlink(tmp);
1176 		}
1177 		exit(1);
1178 	}
1179 
1180 	if (inplace) {
1181 		fclose(out);
1182 
1183 		/* Backup existing file */
1184 		if (unlink(old) == -1 && errno != ENOENT)
1185 			fatal("unlink %.100s: %s", old, strerror(errno));
1186 		if (link(identity_file, old) == -1)
1187 			fatal("link %.100s to %.100s: %s", identity_file, old,
1188 			    strerror(errno));
1189 		/* Move new one into place */
1190 		if (rename(tmp, identity_file) == -1) {
1191 			error("rename\"%s\" to \"%s\": %s", tmp, identity_file,
1192 			    strerror(errno));
1193 			unlink(tmp);
1194 			unlink(old);
1195 			exit(1);
1196 		}
1197 
1198 		fprintf(stderr, "%s updated.\n", identity_file);
1199 		fprintf(stderr, "Original contents retained as %s\n", old);
1200 		if (has_unhashed) {
1201 			fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: %s contains unhashed "
1202 			    "entries\n", old);
1203 			fprintf(stderr, "Delete this file to ensure privacy "
1204 			    "of hostnames\n");
1205 		}
1206 	}
1207 
1208 	exit(0);
1209 }
1210 
1211 /*
1212  * Perform changing a passphrase.  The argument is the passwd structure
1213  * for the current user.
1214  */
1215 static void
1216 do_change_passphrase(struct passwd *pw)
1217 {
1218 	char *comment;
1219 	char *old_passphrase, *passphrase1, *passphrase2;
1220 	struct stat st;
1221 	Key *private;
1222 
1223 	if (!have_identity)
1224 		ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
1225 	if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0) {
1226 		perror(identity_file);
1227 		exit(1);
1228 	}
1229 	/* Try to load the file with empty passphrase. */
1230 	private = key_load_private(identity_file, "", &comment);
1231 	if (private == NULL) {
1232 		if (identity_passphrase)
1233 			old_passphrase = xstrdup(identity_passphrase);
1234 		else
1235 			old_passphrase =
1236 			    read_passphrase("Enter old passphrase: ",
1237 			    RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
1238 		private = key_load_private(identity_file, old_passphrase,
1239 		    &comment);
1240 		memset(old_passphrase, 0, strlen(old_passphrase));
1241 		xfree(old_passphrase);
1242 		if (private == NULL) {
1243 			printf("Bad passphrase.\n");
1244 			exit(1);
1245 		}
1246 	}
1247 	printf("Key has comment '%s'\n", comment);
1248 
1249 	/* Ask the new passphrase (twice). */
1250 	if (identity_new_passphrase) {
1251 		passphrase1 = xstrdup(identity_new_passphrase);
1252 		passphrase2 = NULL;
1253 	} else {
1254 		passphrase1 =
1255 			read_passphrase("Enter new passphrase (empty for no "
1256 			    "passphrase): ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
1257 		passphrase2 = read_passphrase("Enter same passphrase again: ",
1258 		    RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
1259 
1260 		/* Verify that they are the same. */
1261 		if (strcmp(passphrase1, passphrase2) != 0) {
1262 			memset(passphrase1, 0, strlen(passphrase1));
1263 			memset(passphrase2, 0, strlen(passphrase2));
1264 			xfree(passphrase1);
1265 			xfree(passphrase2);
1266 			printf("Pass phrases do not match.  Try again.\n");
1267 			exit(1);
1268 		}
1269 		/* Destroy the other copy. */
1270 		memset(passphrase2, 0, strlen(passphrase2));
1271 		xfree(passphrase2);
1272 	}
1273 
1274 	/* Save the file using the new passphrase. */
1275 	if (!key_save_private(private, identity_file, passphrase1, comment)) {
1276 		printf("Saving the key failed: %s.\n", identity_file);
1277 		memset(passphrase1, 0, strlen(passphrase1));
1278 		xfree(passphrase1);
1279 		key_free(private);
1280 		xfree(comment);
1281 		exit(1);
1282 	}
1283 	/* Destroy the passphrase and the copy of the key in memory. */
1284 	memset(passphrase1, 0, strlen(passphrase1));
1285 	xfree(passphrase1);
1286 	key_free(private);		 /* Destroys contents */
1287 	xfree(comment);
1288 
1289 	printf("Your identification has been saved with the new passphrase.\n");
1290 	exit(0);
1291 }
1292 
1293 /*
1294  * Print the SSHFP RR.
1295  */
1296 static int
1297 do_print_resource_record(struct passwd *pw, char *fname, char *hname)
1298 {
1299 	Key *public;
1300 	char *comment = NULL;
1301 	struct stat st;
1302 
1303 	if (fname == NULL)
1304 		ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
1305 	if (stat(fname, &st) < 0) {
1306 		if (errno == ENOENT)
1307 			return 0;
1308 		perror(fname);
1309 		exit(1);
1310 	}
1311 	public = key_load_public(fname, &comment);
1312 	if (public != NULL) {
1313 		export_dns_rr(hname, public, stdout, print_generic);
1314 		key_free(public);
1315 		xfree(comment);
1316 		return 1;
1317 	}
1318 	if (comment)
1319 		xfree(comment);
1320 
1321 	printf("failed to read v2 public key from %s.\n", fname);
1322 	exit(1);
1323 }
1324 
1325 /*
1326  * Change the comment of a private key file.
1327  */
1328 static void
1329 do_change_comment(struct passwd *pw)
1330 {
1331 	char new_comment[1024], *comment, *passphrase;
1332 	Key *private;
1333 	Key *public;
1334 	struct stat st;
1335 	FILE *f;
1336 	int fd;
1337 
1338 	if (!have_identity)
1339 		ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
1340 	if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0) {
1341 		perror(identity_file);
1342 		exit(1);
1343 	}
1344 	private = key_load_private(identity_file, "", &comment);
1345 	if (private == NULL) {
1346 		if (identity_passphrase)
1347 			passphrase = xstrdup(identity_passphrase);
1348 		else if (identity_new_passphrase)
1349 			passphrase = xstrdup(identity_new_passphrase);
1350 		else
1351 			passphrase = read_passphrase("Enter passphrase: ",
1352 			    RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
1353 		/* Try to load using the passphrase. */
1354 		private = key_load_private(identity_file, passphrase, &comment);
1355 		if (private == NULL) {
1356 			memset(passphrase, 0, strlen(passphrase));
1357 			xfree(passphrase);
1358 			printf("Bad passphrase.\n");
1359 			exit(1);
1360 		}
1361 	} else {
1362 		passphrase = xstrdup("");
1363 	}
1364 	if (private->type != KEY_RSA1) {
1365 		fprintf(stderr, "Comments are only supported for RSA1 keys.\n");
1366 		key_free(private);
1367 		exit(1);
1368 	}
1369 	printf("Key now has comment '%s'\n", comment);
1370 
1371 	if (identity_comment) {
1372 		strlcpy(new_comment, identity_comment, sizeof(new_comment));
1373 	} else {
1374 		printf("Enter new comment: ");
1375 		fflush(stdout);
1376 		if (!fgets(new_comment, sizeof(new_comment), stdin)) {
1377 			memset(passphrase, 0, strlen(passphrase));
1378 			key_free(private);
1379 			exit(1);
1380 		}
1381 		new_comment[strcspn(new_comment, "\n")] = '\0';
1382 	}
1383 
1384 	/* Save the file using the new passphrase. */
1385 	if (!key_save_private(private, identity_file, passphrase, new_comment)) {
1386 		printf("Saving the key failed: %s.\n", identity_file);
1387 		memset(passphrase, 0, strlen(passphrase));
1388 		xfree(passphrase);
1389 		key_free(private);
1390 		xfree(comment);
1391 		exit(1);
1392 	}
1393 	memset(passphrase, 0, strlen(passphrase));
1394 	xfree(passphrase);
1395 	public = key_from_private(private);
1396 	key_free(private);
1397 
1398 	strlcat(identity_file, ".pub", sizeof(identity_file));
1399 	fd = open(identity_file, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644);
1400 	if (fd == -1) {
1401 		printf("Could not save your public key in %s\n", identity_file);
1402 		exit(1);
1403 	}
1404 	f = fdopen(fd, "w");
1405 	if (f == NULL) {
1406 		printf("fdopen %s failed\n", identity_file);
1407 		exit(1);
1408 	}
1409 	if (!key_write(public, f))
1410 		fprintf(stderr, "write key failed\n");
1411 	key_free(public);
1412 	fprintf(f, " %s\n", new_comment);
1413 	fclose(f);
1414 
1415 	xfree(comment);
1416 
1417 	printf("The comment in your key file has been changed.\n");
1418 	exit(0);
1419 }
1420 
1421 static const char *
1422 fmt_validity(u_int64_t valid_from, u_int64_t valid_to)
1423 {
1424 	char from[32], to[32];
1425 	static char ret[64];
1426 	time_t tt;
1427 	struct tm *tm;
1428 
1429 	*from = *to = '\0';
1430 	if (valid_from == 0 && valid_to == 0xffffffffffffffffULL)
1431 		return "forever";
1432 
1433 	if (valid_from != 0) {
1434 		/* XXX revisit INT_MAX in 2038 :) */
1435 		tt = valid_from > INT_MAX ? INT_MAX : valid_from;
1436 		tm = localtime(&tt);
1437 		strftime(from, sizeof(from), "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S", tm);
1438 	}
1439 	if (valid_to != 0xffffffffffffffffULL) {
1440 		/* XXX revisit INT_MAX in 2038 :) */
1441 		tt = valid_to > INT_MAX ? INT_MAX : valid_to;
1442 		tm = localtime(&tt);
1443 		strftime(to, sizeof(to), "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S", tm);
1444 	}
1445 
1446 	if (valid_from == 0) {
1447 		snprintf(ret, sizeof(ret), "before %s", to);
1448 		return ret;
1449 	}
1450 	if (valid_to == 0xffffffffffffffffULL) {
1451 		snprintf(ret, sizeof(ret), "after %s", from);
1452 		return ret;
1453 	}
1454 
1455 	snprintf(ret, sizeof(ret), "from %s to %s", from, to);
1456 	return ret;
1457 }
1458 
1459 static void
1460 add_flag_option(Buffer *c, const char *name)
1461 {
1462 	debug3("%s: %s", __func__, name);
1463 	buffer_put_cstring(c, name);
1464 	buffer_put_string(c, NULL, 0);
1465 }
1466 
1467 static void
1468 add_string_option(Buffer *c, const char *name, const char *value)
1469 {
1470 	Buffer b;
1471 
1472 	debug3("%s: %s=%s", __func__, name, value);
1473 	buffer_init(&b);
1474 	buffer_put_cstring(&b, value);
1475 
1476 	buffer_put_cstring(c, name);
1477 	buffer_put_string(c, buffer_ptr(&b), buffer_len(&b));
1478 
1479 	buffer_free(&b);
1480 }
1481 
1482 #define OPTIONS_CRITICAL	1
1483 #define OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS	2
1484 static void
1485 prepare_options_buf(Buffer *c, int which)
1486 {
1487 	buffer_clear(c);
1488 	if ((which & OPTIONS_CRITICAL) != 0 &&
1489 	    certflags_command != NULL)
1490 		add_string_option(c, "force-command", certflags_command);
1491 	if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 &&
1492 	    (certflags_flags & CERTOPT_X_FWD) != 0)
1493 		add_flag_option(c, "permit-X11-forwarding");
1494 	if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 &&
1495 	    (certflags_flags & CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD) != 0)
1496 		add_flag_option(c, "permit-agent-forwarding");
1497 	if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 &&
1498 	    (certflags_flags & CERTOPT_PORT_FWD) != 0)
1499 		add_flag_option(c, "permit-port-forwarding");
1500 	if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 &&
1501 	    (certflags_flags & CERTOPT_PTY) != 0)
1502 		add_flag_option(c, "permit-pty");
1503 	if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 &&
1504 	    (certflags_flags & CERTOPT_USER_RC) != 0)
1505 		add_flag_option(c, "permit-user-rc");
1506 	if ((which & OPTIONS_CRITICAL) != 0 &&
1507 	    certflags_src_addr != NULL)
1508 		add_string_option(c, "source-address", certflags_src_addr);
1509 }
1510 
1511 static Key *
1512 load_pkcs11_key(char *path)
1513 {
1514 #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
1515 	Key **keys = NULL, *public, *private = NULL;
1516 	int i, nkeys;
1517 
1518 	if ((public = key_load_public(path, NULL)) == NULL)
1519 		fatal("Couldn't load CA public key \"%s\"", path);
1520 
1521 	nkeys = pkcs11_add_provider(pkcs11provider, identity_passphrase, &keys);
1522 	debug3("%s: %d keys", __func__, nkeys);
1523 	if (nkeys <= 0)
1524 		fatal("cannot read public key from pkcs11");
1525 	for (i = 0; i < nkeys; i++) {
1526 		if (key_equal_public(public, keys[i])) {
1527 			private = keys[i];
1528 			continue;
1529 		}
1530 		key_free(keys[i]);
1531 	}
1532 	xfree(keys);
1533 	key_free(public);
1534 	return private;
1535 #else
1536 	fatal("no pkcs11 support");
1537 #endif /* ENABLE_PKCS11 */
1538 }
1539 
1540 static void
1541 do_ca_sign(struct passwd *pw, int argc, char **argv)
1542 {
1543 	int i, fd;
1544 	u_int n;
1545 	Key *ca, *public;
1546 	char *otmp, *tmp, *cp, *out, *comment, **plist = NULL;
1547 	FILE *f;
1548 	int v00 = 0; /* legacy keys */
1549 
1550 	if (key_type_name != NULL) {
1551 		switch (key_type_from_name(key_type_name)) {
1552 		case KEY_RSA_CERT_V00:
1553 		case KEY_DSA_CERT_V00:
1554 			v00 = 1;
1555 			break;
1556 		case KEY_UNSPEC:
1557 			if (strcasecmp(key_type_name, "v00") == 0) {
1558 				v00 = 1;
1559 				break;
1560 			} else if (strcasecmp(key_type_name, "v01") == 0)
1561 				break;
1562 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
1563 		default:
1564 			fprintf(stderr, "unknown key type %s\n", key_type_name);
1565 			exit(1);
1566 		}
1567 	}
1568 
1569 	pkcs11_init(1);
1570 	tmp = tilde_expand_filename(ca_key_path, pw->pw_uid);
1571 	if (pkcs11provider != NULL) {
1572 		if ((ca = load_pkcs11_key(tmp)) == NULL)
1573 			fatal("No PKCS#11 key matching %s found", ca_key_path);
1574 	} else if ((ca = load_identity(tmp)) == NULL)
1575 		fatal("Couldn't load CA key \"%s\"", tmp);
1576 	xfree(tmp);
1577 
1578 	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
1579 		/* Split list of principals */
1580 		n = 0;
1581 		if (cert_principals != NULL) {
1582 			otmp = tmp = xstrdup(cert_principals);
1583 			plist = NULL;
1584 			for (; (cp = strsep(&tmp, ",")) != NULL; n++) {
1585 				plist = xrealloc(plist, n + 1, sizeof(*plist));
1586 				if (*(plist[n] = xstrdup(cp)) == '\0')
1587 					fatal("Empty principal name");
1588 			}
1589 			xfree(otmp);
1590 		}
1591 
1592 		tmp = tilde_expand_filename(argv[i], pw->pw_uid);
1593 		if ((public = key_load_public(tmp, &comment)) == NULL)
1594 			fatal("%s: unable to open \"%s\"", __func__, tmp);
1595 		if (public->type != KEY_RSA && public->type != KEY_DSA &&
1596 		    public->type != KEY_ECDSA)
1597 			fatal("%s: key \"%s\" type %s cannot be certified",
1598 			    __func__, tmp, key_type(public));
1599 
1600 		/* Prepare certificate to sign */
1601 		if (key_to_certified(public, v00) != 0)
1602 			fatal("Could not upgrade key %s to certificate", tmp);
1603 		public->cert->type = cert_key_type;
1604 		public->cert->serial = (u_int64_t)cert_serial;
1605 		public->cert->key_id = xstrdup(cert_key_id);
1606 		public->cert->nprincipals = n;
1607 		public->cert->principals = plist;
1608 		public->cert->valid_after = cert_valid_from;
1609 		public->cert->valid_before = cert_valid_to;
1610 		if (v00) {
1611 			prepare_options_buf(&public->cert->critical,
1612 			    OPTIONS_CRITICAL|OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS);
1613 		} else {
1614 			prepare_options_buf(&public->cert->critical,
1615 			    OPTIONS_CRITICAL);
1616 			prepare_options_buf(&public->cert->extensions,
1617 			    OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS);
1618 		}
1619 		public->cert->signature_key = key_from_private(ca);
1620 
1621 		if (key_certify(public, ca) != 0)
1622 			fatal("Couldn't not certify key %s", tmp);
1623 
1624 		if ((cp = strrchr(tmp, '.')) != NULL && strcmp(cp, ".pub") == 0)
1625 			*cp = '\0';
1626 		xasprintf(&out, "%s-cert.pub", tmp);
1627 		xfree(tmp);
1628 
1629 		if ((fd = open(out, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 0644)) == -1)
1630 			fatal("Could not open \"%s\" for writing: %s", out,
1631 			    strerror(errno));
1632 		if ((f = fdopen(fd, "w")) == NULL)
1633 			fatal("%s: fdopen: %s", __func__, strerror(errno));
1634 		if (!key_write(public, f))
1635 			fatal("Could not write certified key to %s", out);
1636 		fprintf(f, " %s\n", comment);
1637 		fclose(f);
1638 
1639 		if (!quiet) {
1640 			logit("Signed %s key %s: id \"%s\" serial %llu%s%s "
1641 			    "valid %s", key_cert_type(public),
1642 			    out, public->cert->key_id,
1643 			    (unsigned long long)public->cert->serial,
1644 			    cert_principals != NULL ? " for " : "",
1645 			    cert_principals != NULL ? cert_principals : "",
1646 			    fmt_validity(cert_valid_from, cert_valid_to));
1647 		}
1648 
1649 		key_free(public);
1650 		xfree(out);
1651 	}
1652 	pkcs11_terminate();
1653 	exit(0);
1654 }
1655 
1656 static u_int64_t
1657 parse_relative_time(const char *s, time_t now)
1658 {
1659 	int64_t mul, secs;
1660 
1661 	mul = *s == '-' ? -1 : 1;
1662 
1663 	if ((secs = convtime(s + 1)) == -1)
1664 		fatal("Invalid relative certificate time %s", s);
1665 	if (mul == -1 && secs > now)
1666 		fatal("Certificate time %s cannot be represented", s);
1667 	return now + (u_int64_t)(secs * mul);
1668 }
1669 
1670 static u_int64_t
1671 parse_absolute_time(const char *s)
1672 {
1673 	struct tm tm;
1674 	time_t tt;
1675 	char buf[32], *fmt;
1676 
1677 	/*
1678 	 * POSIX strptime says "The application shall ensure that there
1679 	 * is white-space or other non-alphanumeric characters between
1680 	 * any two conversion specifications" so arrange things this way.
1681 	 */
1682 	switch (strlen(s)) {
1683 	case 8:
1684 		fmt = "%Y-%m-%d";
1685 		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%.4s-%.2s-%.2s", s, s + 4, s + 6);
1686 		break;
1687 	case 14:
1688 		fmt = "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S";
1689 		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%.4s-%.2s-%.2sT%.2s:%.2s:%.2s",
1690 		    s, s + 4, s + 6, s + 8, s + 10, s + 12);
1691 		break;
1692 	default:
1693 		fatal("Invalid certificate time format %s", s);
1694 	}
1695 
1696 	bzero(&tm, sizeof(tm));
1697 	if (strptime(buf, fmt, &tm) == NULL)
1698 		fatal("Invalid certificate time %s", s);
1699 	if ((tt = mktime(&tm)) < 0)
1700 		fatal("Certificate time %s cannot be represented", s);
1701 	return (u_int64_t)tt;
1702 }
1703 
1704 static void
1705 parse_cert_times(char *timespec)
1706 {
1707 	char *from, *to;
1708 	time_t now = time(NULL);
1709 	int64_t secs;
1710 
1711 	/* +timespec relative to now */
1712 	if (*timespec == '+' && strchr(timespec, ':') == NULL) {
1713 		if ((secs = convtime(timespec + 1)) == -1)
1714 			fatal("Invalid relative certificate life %s", timespec);
1715 		cert_valid_to = now + secs;
1716 		/*
1717 		 * Backdate certificate one minute to avoid problems on hosts
1718 		 * with poorly-synchronised clocks.
1719 		 */
1720 		cert_valid_from = ((now - 59)/ 60) * 60;
1721 		return;
1722 	}
1723 
1724 	/*
1725 	 * from:to, where
1726 	 * from := [+-]timespec | YYYYMMDD | YYYYMMDDHHMMSS
1727 	 *   to := [+-]timespec | YYYYMMDD | YYYYMMDDHHMMSS
1728 	 */
1729 	from = xstrdup(timespec);
1730 	to = strchr(from, ':');
1731 	if (to == NULL || from == to || *(to + 1) == '\0')
1732 		fatal("Invalid certificate life specification %s", timespec);
1733 	*to++ = '\0';
1734 
1735 	if (*from == '-' || *from == '+')
1736 		cert_valid_from = parse_relative_time(from, now);
1737 	else
1738 		cert_valid_from = parse_absolute_time(from);
1739 
1740 	if (*to == '-' || *to == '+')
1741 		cert_valid_to = parse_relative_time(to, cert_valid_from);
1742 	else
1743 		cert_valid_to = parse_absolute_time(to);
1744 
1745 	if (cert_valid_to <= cert_valid_from)
1746 		fatal("Empty certificate validity interval");
1747 	xfree(from);
1748 }
1749 
1750 static void
1751 add_cert_option(char *opt)
1752 {
1753 	char *val;
1754 
1755 	if (strcasecmp(opt, "clear") == 0)
1756 		certflags_flags = 0;
1757 	else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-x11-forwarding") == 0)
1758 		certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_X_FWD;
1759 	else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-x11-forwarding") == 0)
1760 		certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_X_FWD;
1761 	else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-agent-forwarding") == 0)
1762 		certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD;
1763 	else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-agent-forwarding") == 0)
1764 		certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD;
1765 	else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-port-forwarding") == 0)
1766 		certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_PORT_FWD;
1767 	else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-port-forwarding") == 0)
1768 		certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_PORT_FWD;
1769 	else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-pty") == 0)
1770 		certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_PTY;
1771 	else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-pty") == 0)
1772 		certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_PTY;
1773 	else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-user-rc") == 0)
1774 		certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_USER_RC;
1775 	else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-user-rc") == 0)
1776 		certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_USER_RC;
1777 	else if (strncasecmp(opt, "force-command=", 14) == 0) {
1778 		val = opt + 14;
1779 		if (*val == '\0')
1780 			fatal("Empty force-command option");
1781 		if (certflags_command != NULL)
1782 			fatal("force-command already specified");
1783 		certflags_command = xstrdup(val);
1784 	} else if (strncasecmp(opt, "source-address=", 15) == 0) {
1785 		val = opt + 15;
1786 		if (*val == '\0')
1787 			fatal("Empty source-address option");
1788 		if (certflags_src_addr != NULL)
1789 			fatal("source-address already specified");
1790 		if (addr_match_cidr_list(NULL, val) != 0)
1791 			fatal("Invalid source-address list");
1792 		certflags_src_addr = xstrdup(val);
1793 	} else
1794 		fatal("Unsupported certificate option \"%s\"", opt);
1795 }
1796 
1797 static void
1798 show_options(const Buffer *optbuf, int v00, int in_critical)
1799 {
1800 	u_char *name, *data;
1801 	u_int dlen;
1802 	Buffer options, option;
1803 
1804 	buffer_init(&options);
1805 	buffer_append(&options, buffer_ptr(optbuf), buffer_len(optbuf));
1806 
1807 	buffer_init(&option);
1808 	while (buffer_len(&options) != 0) {
1809 		name = buffer_get_string(&options, NULL);
1810 		data = buffer_get_string_ptr(&options, &dlen);
1811 		buffer_append(&option, data, dlen);
1812 		printf("                %s", name);
1813 		if ((v00 || !in_critical) &&
1814 		    (strcmp(name, "permit-X11-forwarding") == 0 ||
1815 		    strcmp(name, "permit-agent-forwarding") == 0 ||
1816 		    strcmp(name, "permit-port-forwarding") == 0 ||
1817 		    strcmp(name, "permit-pty") == 0 ||
1818 		    strcmp(name, "permit-user-rc") == 0))
1819 			printf("\n");
1820 		else if ((v00 || in_critical) &&
1821 		    (strcmp(name, "force-command") == 0 ||
1822 		    strcmp(name, "source-address") == 0)) {
1823 			data = buffer_get_string(&option, NULL);
1824 			printf(" %s\n", data);
1825 			xfree(data);
1826 		} else {
1827 			printf(" UNKNOWN OPTION (len %u)\n",
1828 			    buffer_len(&option));
1829 			buffer_clear(&option);
1830 		}
1831 		xfree(name);
1832 		if (buffer_len(&option) != 0)
1833 			fatal("Option corrupt: extra data at end");
1834 	}
1835 	buffer_free(&option);
1836 	buffer_free(&options);
1837 }
1838 
1839 static void
1840 do_show_cert(struct passwd *pw)
1841 {
1842 	Key *key;
1843 	struct stat st;
1844 	char *key_fp, *ca_fp;
1845 	u_int i, v00;
1846 
1847 	if (!have_identity)
1848 		ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
1849 	if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0)
1850 		fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
1851 	if ((key = key_load_public(identity_file, NULL)) == NULL)
1852 		fatal("%s is not a public key", identity_file);
1853 	if (!key_is_cert(key))
1854 		fatal("%s is not a certificate", identity_file);
1855 	v00 = key->type == KEY_RSA_CERT_V00 || key->type == KEY_DSA_CERT_V00;
1856 
1857 	key_fp = key_fingerprint(key, SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_HEX);
1858 	ca_fp = key_fingerprint(key->cert->signature_key,
1859 	    SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_HEX);
1860 
1861 	printf("%s:\n", identity_file);
1862 	printf("        Type: %s %s certificate\n", key_ssh_name(key),
1863 	    key_cert_type(key));
1864 	printf("        Public key: %s %s\n", key_type(key), key_fp);
1865 	printf("        Signing CA: %s %s\n",
1866 	    key_type(key->cert->signature_key), ca_fp);
1867 	printf("        Key ID: \"%s\"\n", key->cert->key_id);
1868 	if (!v00) {
1869 		printf("        Serial: %llu\n",
1870 		    (unsigned long long)key->cert->serial);
1871 	}
1872 	printf("        Valid: %s\n",
1873 	    fmt_validity(key->cert->valid_after, key->cert->valid_before));
1874 	printf("        Principals: ");
1875 	if (key->cert->nprincipals == 0)
1876 		printf("(none)\n");
1877 	else {
1878 		for (i = 0; i < key->cert->nprincipals; i++)
1879 			printf("\n                %s",
1880 			    key->cert->principals[i]);
1881 		printf("\n");
1882 	}
1883 	printf("        Critical Options: ");
1884 	if (buffer_len(&key->cert->critical) == 0)
1885 		printf("(none)\n");
1886 	else {
1887 		printf("\n");
1888 		show_options(&key->cert->critical, v00, 1);
1889 	}
1890 	if (!v00) {
1891 		printf("        Extensions: ");
1892 		if (buffer_len(&key->cert->extensions) == 0)
1893 			printf("(none)\n");
1894 		else {
1895 			printf("\n");
1896 			show_options(&key->cert->extensions, v00, 0);
1897 		}
1898 	}
1899 	exit(0);
1900 }
1901 
1902 static void
1903 load_krl(const char *path, struct ssh_krl **krlp)
1904 {
1905 	Buffer krlbuf;
1906 	int fd;
1907 
1908 	buffer_init(&krlbuf);
1909 	if ((fd = open(path, O_RDONLY)) == -1)
1910 		fatal("open %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
1911 	if (!key_load_file(fd, path, &krlbuf))
1912 		fatal("Unable to load KRL");
1913 	close(fd);
1914 	/* XXX check sigs */
1915 	if (ssh_krl_from_blob(&krlbuf, krlp, NULL, 0) != 0 ||
1916 	    *krlp == NULL)
1917 		fatal("Invalid KRL file");
1918 	buffer_free(&krlbuf);
1919 }
1920 
1921 static void
1922 update_krl_from_file(struct passwd *pw, const char *file, const Key *ca,
1923     struct ssh_krl *krl)
1924 {
1925 	Key *key = NULL;
1926 	u_long lnum = 0;
1927 	char *path, *cp, *ep, line[SSH_MAX_PUBKEY_BYTES];
1928 	unsigned long long serial, serial2;
1929 	int i, was_explicit_key, was_sha1, r;
1930 	FILE *krl_spec;
1931 
1932 	path = tilde_expand_filename(file, pw->pw_uid);
1933 	if (strcmp(path, "-") == 0) {
1934 		krl_spec = stdin;
1935 		free(path);
1936 		path = xstrdup("(standard input)");
1937 	} else if ((krl_spec = fopen(path, "r")) == NULL)
1938 		fatal("fopen %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
1939 
1940 	if (!quiet)
1941 		printf("Revoking from %s\n", path);
1942 	while (read_keyfile_line(krl_spec, path, line, sizeof(line),
1943 	    &lnum) == 0) {
1944 		was_explicit_key = was_sha1 = 0;
1945 		cp = line + strspn(line, " \t");
1946 		/* Trim trailing space, comments and strip \n */
1947 		for (i = 0, r = -1; cp[i] != '\0'; i++) {
1948 			if (cp[i] == '#' || cp[i] == '\n') {
1949 				cp[i] = '\0';
1950 				break;
1951 			}
1952 			if (cp[i] == ' ' || cp[i] == '\t') {
1953 				/* Remember the start of a span of whitespace */
1954 				if (r == -1)
1955 					r = i;
1956 			} else
1957 				r = -1;
1958 		}
1959 		if (r != -1)
1960 			cp[r] = '\0';
1961 		if (*cp == '\0')
1962 			continue;
1963 		if (strncasecmp(cp, "serial:", 7) == 0) {
1964 			if (ca == NULL) {
1965 				fatal("revoking certificated by serial number "
1966 				    "requires specification of a CA key");
1967 			}
1968 			cp += 7;
1969 			cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t");
1970 			errno = 0;
1971 			serial = strtoull(cp, &ep, 0);
1972 			if (*cp == '\0' || (*ep != '\0' && *ep != '-'))
1973 				fatal("%s:%lu: invalid serial \"%s\"",
1974 				    path, lnum, cp);
1975 			if (errno == ERANGE && serial == ULLONG_MAX)
1976 				fatal("%s:%lu: serial out of range",
1977 				    path, lnum);
1978 			serial2 = serial;
1979 			if (*ep == '-') {
1980 				cp = ep + 1;
1981 				errno = 0;
1982 				serial2 = strtoull(cp, &ep, 0);
1983 				if (*cp == '\0' || *ep != '\0')
1984 					fatal("%s:%lu: invalid serial \"%s\"",
1985 					    path, lnum, cp);
1986 				if (errno == ERANGE && serial2 == ULLONG_MAX)
1987 					fatal("%s:%lu: serial out of range",
1988 					    path, lnum);
1989 				if (serial2 <= serial)
1990 					fatal("%s:%lu: invalid serial range "
1991 					    "%llu:%llu", path, lnum,
1992 					    (unsigned long long)serial,
1993 					    (unsigned long long)serial2);
1994 			}
1995 			if (ssh_krl_revoke_cert_by_serial_range(krl,
1996 			    ca, serial, serial2) != 0) {
1997 				fatal("%s: revoke serial failed",
1998 				    __func__);
1999 			}
2000 		} else if (strncasecmp(cp, "id:", 3) == 0) {
2001 			if (ca == NULL) {
2002 				fatal("revoking certificated by key ID "
2003 				    "requires specification of a CA key");
2004 			}
2005 			cp += 3;
2006 			cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t");
2007 			if (ssh_krl_revoke_cert_by_key_id(krl, ca, cp) != 0)
2008 				fatal("%s: revoke key ID failed", __func__);
2009 		} else {
2010 			if (strncasecmp(cp, "key:", 4) == 0) {
2011 				cp += 4;
2012 				cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t");
2013 				was_explicit_key = 1;
2014 			} else if (strncasecmp(cp, "sha1:", 5) == 0) {
2015 				cp += 5;
2016 				cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t");
2017 				was_sha1 = 1;
2018 			} else {
2019 				/*
2020 				 * Just try to process the line as a key.
2021 				 * Parsing will fail if it isn't.
2022 				 */
2023 			}
2024 			if ((key = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL)
2025 				fatal("key_new");
2026 			if (key_read(key, &cp) != 1)
2027 				fatal("%s:%lu: invalid key", path, lnum);
2028 			if (was_explicit_key)
2029 				r = ssh_krl_revoke_key_explicit(krl, key);
2030 			else if (was_sha1)
2031 				r = ssh_krl_revoke_key_sha1(krl, key);
2032 			else
2033 				r = ssh_krl_revoke_key(krl, key);
2034 			if (r != 0)
2035 				fatal("%s: revoke key failed", __func__);
2036 			key_free(key);
2037 		}
2038 	}
2039 	if (strcmp(path, "-") != 0)
2040 		fclose(krl_spec);
2041 }
2042 
2043 static void
2044 do_gen_krl(struct passwd *pw, int updating, int argc, char **argv)
2045 {
2046 	struct ssh_krl *krl;
2047 	struct stat sb;
2048 	Key *ca = NULL;
2049 	int fd, i;
2050 	char *tmp;
2051 	Buffer kbuf;
2052 
2053 	if (*identity_file == '\0')
2054 		fatal("KRL generation requires an output file");
2055 	if (stat(identity_file, &sb) == -1) {
2056 		if (errno != ENOENT)
2057 			fatal("Cannot access KRL \"%s\": %s",
2058 			    identity_file, strerror(errno));
2059 		if (updating)
2060 			fatal("KRL \"%s\" does not exist", identity_file);
2061 	}
2062 	if (ca_key_path != NULL) {
2063 		tmp = tilde_expand_filename(ca_key_path, pw->pw_uid);
2064 		if ((ca = key_load_public(tmp, NULL)) == NULL)
2065 			fatal("Cannot load CA public key %s", tmp);
2066 		xfree(tmp);
2067 	}
2068 
2069 	if (updating)
2070 		load_krl(identity_file, &krl);
2071 	else if ((krl = ssh_krl_init()) == NULL)
2072 		fatal("couldn't create KRL");
2073 
2074 	if (cert_serial != 0)
2075 		ssh_krl_set_version(krl, cert_serial);
2076 	if (identity_comment != NULL)
2077 		ssh_krl_set_comment(krl, identity_comment);
2078 
2079 	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
2080 		update_krl_from_file(pw, argv[i], ca, krl);
2081 
2082 	buffer_init(&kbuf);
2083 	if (ssh_krl_to_blob(krl, &kbuf, NULL, 0) != 0)
2084 		fatal("Couldn't generate KRL");
2085 	if ((fd = open(identity_file, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 0644)) == -1)
2086 		fatal("open %s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno));
2087 	if (atomicio(vwrite, fd, buffer_ptr(&kbuf), buffer_len(&kbuf)) !=
2088 	    buffer_len(&kbuf))
2089 		fatal("write %s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno));
2090 	close(fd);
2091 	buffer_free(&kbuf);
2092 	ssh_krl_free(krl);
2093 }
2094 
2095 static void
2096 do_check_krl(struct passwd *pw, int argc, char **argv)
2097 {
2098 	int i, r, ret = 0;
2099 	char *comment;
2100 	struct ssh_krl *krl;
2101 	Key *k;
2102 
2103 	if (*identity_file == '\0')
2104 		fatal("KRL checking requires an input file");
2105 	load_krl(identity_file, &krl);
2106 	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
2107 		if ((k = key_load_public(argv[i], &comment)) == NULL)
2108 			fatal("Cannot load public key %s", argv[i]);
2109 		r = ssh_krl_check_key(krl, k);
2110 		printf("%s%s%s%s: %s\n", argv[i],
2111 		    *comment ? " (" : "", comment, *comment ? ")" : "",
2112 		    r == 0 ? "ok" : "REVOKED");
2113 		if (r != 0)
2114 			ret = 1;
2115 		key_free(k);
2116 		free(comment);
2117 	}
2118 	ssh_krl_free(krl);
2119 	exit(ret);
2120 }
2121 
2122 static void
2123 usage(void)
2124 {
2125 	fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s [options]\n", __progname);
2126 	fprintf(stderr, "Options:\n");
2127 	fprintf(stderr, "  -A          Generate non-existent host keys for all key types.\n");
2128 	fprintf(stderr, "  -a trials   Number of trials for screening DH-GEX moduli.\n");
2129 	fprintf(stderr, "  -B          Show bubblebabble digest of key file.\n");
2130 	fprintf(stderr, "  -b bits     Number of bits in the key to create.\n");
2131 	fprintf(stderr, "  -C comment  Provide new comment.\n");
2132 	fprintf(stderr, "  -c          Change comment in private and public key files.\n");
2133 #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
2134 	fprintf(stderr, "  -D pkcs11   Download public key from pkcs11 token.\n");
2135 #endif
2136 	fprintf(stderr, "  -e          Export OpenSSH to foreign format key file.\n");
2137 	fprintf(stderr, "  -F hostname Find hostname in known hosts file.\n");
2138 	fprintf(stderr, "  -f filename Filename of the key file.\n");
2139 	fprintf(stderr, "  -G file     Generate candidates for DH-GEX moduli.\n");
2140 	fprintf(stderr, "  -g          Use generic DNS resource record format.\n");
2141 	fprintf(stderr, "  -H          Hash names in known_hosts file.\n");
2142 	fprintf(stderr, "  -h          Generate host certificate instead of a user certificate.\n");
2143 	fprintf(stderr, "  -I key_id   Key identifier to include in certificate.\n");
2144 	fprintf(stderr, "  -i          Import foreign format to OpenSSH key file.\n");
2145 	fprintf(stderr, "  -J number   Screen this number of moduli lines.\n");
2146 	fprintf(stderr, "  -j number   Start screening moduli at specified line.\n");
2147 	fprintf(stderr, "  -K checkpt  Write checkpoints to this file.\n");
2148 	fprintf(stderr, "  -k          Generate a KRL file.\n");
2149 	fprintf(stderr, "  -L          Print the contents of a certificate.\n");
2150 	fprintf(stderr, "  -l          Show fingerprint of key file.\n");
2151 	fprintf(stderr, "  -M memory   Amount of memory (MB) to use for generating DH-GEX moduli.\n");
2152 	fprintf(stderr, "  -m key_fmt  Conversion format for -e/-i (PEM|PKCS8|RFC4716).\n");
2153 	fprintf(stderr, "  -N phrase   Provide new passphrase.\n");
2154 	fprintf(stderr, "  -n name,... User/host principal names to include in certificate\n");
2155 	fprintf(stderr, "  -O option   Specify a certificate option.\n");
2156 	fprintf(stderr, "  -P phrase   Provide old passphrase.\n");
2157 	fprintf(stderr, "  -p          Change passphrase of private key file.\n");
2158 	fprintf(stderr, "  -Q          Test whether key(s) are revoked in KRL.\n");
2159 	fprintf(stderr, "  -q          Quiet.\n");
2160 	fprintf(stderr, "  -R hostname Remove host from known_hosts file.\n");
2161 	fprintf(stderr, "  -r hostname Print DNS resource record.\n");
2162 	fprintf(stderr, "  -S start    Start point (hex) for generating DH-GEX moduli.\n");
2163 	fprintf(stderr, "  -s ca_key   Certify keys with CA key.\n");
2164 	fprintf(stderr, "  -T file     Screen candidates for DH-GEX moduli.\n");
2165 	fprintf(stderr, "  -t type     Specify type of key to create.\n");
2166 	fprintf(stderr, "  -u          Update KRL rather than creating a new one.\n");
2167 	fprintf(stderr, "  -V from:to  Specify certificate validity interval.\n");
2168 	fprintf(stderr, "  -v          Verbose.\n");
2169 	fprintf(stderr, "  -W gen      Generator to use for generating DH-GEX moduli.\n");
2170 	fprintf(stderr, "  -y          Read private key file and print public key.\n");
2171 	fprintf(stderr, "  -z serial   Specify a serial number.\n");
2172 
2173 	exit(1);
2174 }
2175 
2176 /*
2177  * Main program for key management.
2178  */
2179 int
2180 main(int argc, char **argv)
2181 {
2182 	char dotsshdir[MAXPATHLEN], comment[1024], *passphrase1, *passphrase2;
2183 	char *checkpoint = NULL;
2184 	char out_file[MAXPATHLEN], *ep, *rr_hostname = NULL;
2185 	Key *private, *public;
2186 	struct passwd *pw;
2187 	struct stat st;
2188 	int opt, type, fd;
2189 	u_int32_t memory = 0, generator_wanted = 0, trials = 100;
2190 	int do_gen_candidates = 0, do_screen_candidates = 0;
2191 	int gen_all_hostkeys = 0, gen_krl = 0, update_krl = 0, check_krl = 0;
2192 	unsigned long start_lineno = 0, lines_to_process = 0;
2193 	BIGNUM *start = NULL;
2194 	FILE *f;
2195 	const char *errstr;
2196 
2197 	extern int optind;
2198 	extern char *optarg;
2199 
2200 	/* Ensure that fds 0, 1 and 2 are open or directed to /dev/null */
2201 	sanitise_stdfd();
2202 
2203 	__progname = ssh_get_progname(argv[0]);
2204 
2205 	OpenSSL_add_all_algorithms();
2206 	log_init(argv[0], SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO, SYSLOG_FACILITY_USER, 1);
2207 
2208 	seed_rng();
2209 
2210 	/* we need this for the home * directory.  */
2211 	pw = getpwuid(getuid());
2212 	if (!pw) {
2213 		printf("You don't exist, go away!\n");
2214 		exit(1);
2215 	}
2216 	if (gethostname(hostname, sizeof(hostname)) < 0) {
2217 		perror("gethostname");
2218 		exit(1);
2219 	}
2220 
2221 	while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "ABHLQXceghiklpquvxy"
2222 	    "C:D:F:G:I:J:K:M:N:O:P:R:S:T:V:W:a:b:f:g:j:m:n:r:s:t:z:")) != -1) {
2223 		switch (opt) {
2224 		case 'A':
2225 			gen_all_hostkeys = 1;
2226 			break;
2227 		case 'b':
2228 			bits = (u_int32_t)strtonum(optarg, 256, 32768, &errstr);
2229 			if (errstr)
2230 				fatal("Bits has bad value %s (%s)",
2231 					optarg, errstr);
2232 			break;
2233 		case 'F':
2234 			find_host = 1;
2235 			rr_hostname = optarg;
2236 			break;
2237 		case 'H':
2238 			hash_hosts = 1;
2239 			break;
2240 		case 'I':
2241 			cert_key_id = optarg;
2242 			break;
2243 		case 'J':
2244 			lines_to_process = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 10);
2245                         break;
2246 		case 'j':
2247 			start_lineno = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 10);
2248                         break;
2249 		case 'R':
2250 			delete_host = 1;
2251 			rr_hostname = optarg;
2252 			break;
2253 		case 'L':
2254 			show_cert = 1;
2255 			break;
2256 		case 'l':
2257 			print_fingerprint = 1;
2258 			break;
2259 		case 'B':
2260 			print_bubblebabble = 1;
2261 			break;
2262 		case 'm':
2263 			if (strcasecmp(optarg, "RFC4716") == 0 ||
2264 			    strcasecmp(optarg, "ssh2") == 0) {
2265 				convert_format = FMT_RFC4716;
2266 				break;
2267 			}
2268 			if (strcasecmp(optarg, "PKCS8") == 0) {
2269 				convert_format = FMT_PKCS8;
2270 				break;
2271 			}
2272 			if (strcasecmp(optarg, "PEM") == 0) {
2273 				convert_format = FMT_PEM;
2274 				break;
2275 			}
2276 			fatal("Unsupported conversion format \"%s\"", optarg);
2277 		case 'n':
2278 			cert_principals = optarg;
2279 			break;
2280 		case 'p':
2281 			change_passphrase = 1;
2282 			break;
2283 		case 'c':
2284 			change_comment = 1;
2285 			break;
2286 		case 'f':
2287 			if (strlcpy(identity_file, optarg, sizeof(identity_file)) >=
2288 			    sizeof(identity_file))
2289 				fatal("Identity filename too long");
2290 			have_identity = 1;
2291 			break;
2292 		case 'g':
2293 			print_generic = 1;
2294 			break;
2295 		case 'P':
2296 			identity_passphrase = optarg;
2297 			break;
2298 		case 'N':
2299 			identity_new_passphrase = optarg;
2300 			break;
2301 		case 'Q':
2302 			check_krl = 1;
2303 			break;
2304 		case 'O':
2305 			add_cert_option(optarg);
2306 			break;
2307 		case 'C':
2308 			identity_comment = optarg;
2309 			break;
2310 		case 'q':
2311 			quiet = 1;
2312 			break;
2313 		case 'e':
2314 		case 'x':
2315 			/* export key */
2316 			convert_to = 1;
2317 			break;
2318 		case 'h':
2319 			cert_key_type = SSH2_CERT_TYPE_HOST;
2320 			certflags_flags = 0;
2321 			break;
2322 		case 'k':
2323 			gen_krl = 1;
2324 			break;
2325 		case 'i':
2326 		case 'X':
2327 			/* import key */
2328 			convert_from = 1;
2329 			break;
2330 		case 'y':
2331 			print_public = 1;
2332 			break;
2333 		case 's':
2334 			ca_key_path = optarg;
2335 			break;
2336 		case 't':
2337 			key_type_name = optarg;
2338 			break;
2339 		case 'D':
2340 			pkcs11provider = optarg;
2341 			break;
2342 		case 'u':
2343 			update_krl = 1;
2344 			break;
2345 		case 'v':
2346 			if (log_level == SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO)
2347 				log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1;
2348 			else {
2349 				if (log_level >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1 &&
2350 				    log_level < SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG3)
2351 					log_level++;
2352 			}
2353 			break;
2354 		case 'r':
2355 			rr_hostname = optarg;
2356 			break;
2357 		case 'W':
2358 			generator_wanted = (u_int32_t)strtonum(optarg, 1,
2359 			    UINT_MAX, &errstr);
2360 			if (errstr)
2361 				fatal("Desired generator has bad value: %s (%s)",
2362 					optarg, errstr);
2363 			break;
2364 		case 'a':
2365 			trials = (u_int32_t)strtonum(optarg, 1, UINT_MAX, &errstr);
2366 			if (errstr)
2367 				fatal("Invalid number of trials: %s (%s)",
2368 					optarg, errstr);
2369 			break;
2370 		case 'M':
2371 			memory = (u_int32_t)strtonum(optarg, 1, UINT_MAX, &errstr);
2372 			if (errstr)
2373 				fatal("Memory limit is %s: %s", errstr, optarg);
2374 			break;
2375 		case 'G':
2376 			do_gen_candidates = 1;
2377 			if (strlcpy(out_file, optarg, sizeof(out_file)) >=
2378 			    sizeof(out_file))
2379 				fatal("Output filename too long");
2380 			break;
2381 		case 'T':
2382 			do_screen_candidates = 1;
2383 			if (strlcpy(out_file, optarg, sizeof(out_file)) >=
2384 			    sizeof(out_file))
2385 				fatal("Output filename too long");
2386 			break;
2387 		case 'K':
2388 			if (strlen(optarg) >= MAXPATHLEN)
2389 				fatal("Checkpoint filename too long");
2390 			checkpoint = xstrdup(optarg);
2391 			break;
2392 		case 'S':
2393 			/* XXX - also compare length against bits */
2394 			if (BN_hex2bn(&start, optarg) == 0)
2395 				fatal("Invalid start point.");
2396 			break;
2397 		case 'V':
2398 			parse_cert_times(optarg);
2399 			break;
2400 		case 'z':
2401 			errno = 0;
2402 			cert_serial = strtoull(optarg, &ep, 10);
2403 			if (*optarg < '0' || *optarg > '9' || *ep != '\0' ||
2404 			    (errno == ERANGE && cert_serial == ULLONG_MAX))
2405 				fatal("Invalid serial number \"%s\"", optarg);
2406 			break;
2407 		case '?':
2408 		default:
2409 			usage();
2410 		}
2411 	}
2412 
2413 	/* reinit */
2414 	log_init(argv[0], log_level, SYSLOG_FACILITY_USER, 1);
2415 
2416 	argv += optind;
2417 	argc -= optind;
2418 
2419 	if (ca_key_path != NULL) {
2420 		if (argc < 1 && !gen_krl) {
2421 			printf("Too few arguments.\n");
2422 			usage();
2423 		}
2424 	} else if (argc > 0 && !gen_krl && !check_krl) {
2425 		printf("Too many arguments.\n");
2426 		usage();
2427 	}
2428 	if (change_passphrase && change_comment) {
2429 		printf("Can only have one of -p and -c.\n");
2430 		usage();
2431 	}
2432 	if (print_fingerprint && (delete_host || hash_hosts)) {
2433 		printf("Cannot use -l with -H or -R.\n");
2434 		usage();
2435 	}
2436 	if (gen_krl) {
2437 		do_gen_krl(pw, update_krl, argc, argv);
2438 		return (0);
2439 	}
2440 	if (check_krl) {
2441 		do_check_krl(pw, argc, argv);
2442 		return (0);
2443 	}
2444 	if (ca_key_path != NULL) {
2445 		if (cert_key_id == NULL)
2446 			fatal("Must specify key id (-I) when certifying");
2447 		do_ca_sign(pw, argc, argv);
2448 	}
2449 	if (show_cert)
2450 		do_show_cert(pw);
2451 	if (delete_host || hash_hosts || find_host)
2452 		do_known_hosts(pw, rr_hostname);
2453 	if (pkcs11provider != NULL)
2454 		do_download(pw);
2455 	if (print_fingerprint || print_bubblebabble)
2456 		do_fingerprint(pw);
2457 	if (change_passphrase)
2458 		do_change_passphrase(pw);
2459 	if (change_comment)
2460 		do_change_comment(pw);
2461 	if (convert_to)
2462 		do_convert_to(pw);
2463 	if (convert_from)
2464 		do_convert_from(pw);
2465 	if (print_public)
2466 		do_print_public(pw);
2467 	if (rr_hostname != NULL) {
2468 		unsigned int n = 0;
2469 
2470 		if (have_identity) {
2471 			n = do_print_resource_record(pw,
2472 			    identity_file, rr_hostname);
2473 			if (n == 0) {
2474 				perror(identity_file);
2475 				exit(1);
2476 			}
2477 			exit(0);
2478 		} else {
2479 
2480 			n += do_print_resource_record(pw,
2481 			    _PATH_HOST_RSA_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname);
2482 			n += do_print_resource_record(pw,
2483 			    _PATH_HOST_DSA_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname);
2484 			n += do_print_resource_record(pw,
2485 			    _PATH_HOST_ECDSA_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname);
2486 
2487 			if (n == 0)
2488 				fatal("no keys found.");
2489 			exit(0);
2490 		}
2491 	}
2492 
2493 	if (do_gen_candidates) {
2494 		FILE *out = fopen(out_file, "w");
2495 
2496 		if (out == NULL) {
2497 			error("Couldn't open modulus candidate file \"%s\": %s",
2498 			    out_file, strerror(errno));
2499 			return (1);
2500 		}
2501 		if (bits == 0)
2502 			bits = DEFAULT_BITS;
2503 		if (gen_candidates(out, memory, bits, start) != 0)
2504 			fatal("modulus candidate generation failed");
2505 
2506 		return (0);
2507 	}
2508 
2509 	if (do_screen_candidates) {
2510 		FILE *in;
2511 		FILE *out = fopen(out_file, "a");
2512 
2513 		if (have_identity && strcmp(identity_file, "-") != 0) {
2514 			if ((in = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL) {
2515 				fatal("Couldn't open modulus candidate "
2516 				    "file \"%s\": %s", identity_file,
2517 				    strerror(errno));
2518 			}
2519 		} else
2520 			in = stdin;
2521 
2522 		if (out == NULL) {
2523 			fatal("Couldn't open moduli file \"%s\": %s",
2524 			    out_file, strerror(errno));
2525 		}
2526 		if (prime_test(in, out, trials, generator_wanted, checkpoint,
2527 		    start_lineno, lines_to_process) != 0)
2528 			fatal("modulus screening failed");
2529 		return (0);
2530 	}
2531 
2532 	if (gen_all_hostkeys) {
2533 		do_gen_all_hostkeys(pw);
2534 		return (0);
2535 	}
2536 
2537 	arc4random_stir();
2538 
2539 	if (key_type_name == NULL)
2540 		key_type_name = "rsa";
2541 
2542 	type = key_type_from_name(key_type_name);
2543 	type_bits_valid(type, &bits);
2544 
2545 	if (!quiet)
2546 		printf("Generating public/private %s key pair.\n", key_type_name);
2547 	private = key_generate(type, bits);
2548 	if (private == NULL) {
2549 		fprintf(stderr, "key_generate failed\n");
2550 		exit(1);
2551 	}
2552 	public  = key_from_private(private);
2553 
2554 	if (!have_identity)
2555 		ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which to save the key");
2556 
2557 	/* Create ~/.ssh directory if it doesn't already exist. */
2558 	snprintf(dotsshdir, sizeof dotsshdir, "%s/%s",
2559 	    pw->pw_dir, _PATH_SSH_USER_DIR);
2560 	if (strstr(identity_file, dotsshdir) != NULL) {
2561 		if (stat(dotsshdir, &st) < 0) {
2562 			if (errno != ENOENT) {
2563 				error("Could not stat %s: %s", dotsshdir,
2564 				    strerror(errno));
2565 			} else if (mkdir(dotsshdir, 0700) < 0) {
2566 				error("Could not create directory '%s': %s",
2567 				    dotsshdir, strerror(errno));
2568 			} else if (!quiet)
2569 				printf("Created directory '%s'.\n", dotsshdir);
2570 		}
2571 	}
2572 	/* If the file already exists, ask the user to confirm. */
2573 	if (stat(identity_file, &st) >= 0) {
2574 		char yesno[3];
2575 		printf("%s already exists.\n", identity_file);
2576 		printf("Overwrite (y/n)? ");
2577 		fflush(stdout);
2578 		if (fgets(yesno, sizeof(yesno), stdin) == NULL)
2579 			exit(1);
2580 		if (yesno[0] != 'y' && yesno[0] != 'Y')
2581 			exit(1);
2582 	}
2583 	/* Ask for a passphrase (twice). */
2584 	if (identity_passphrase)
2585 		passphrase1 = xstrdup(identity_passphrase);
2586 	else if (identity_new_passphrase)
2587 		passphrase1 = xstrdup(identity_new_passphrase);
2588 	else {
2589 passphrase_again:
2590 		passphrase1 =
2591 			read_passphrase("Enter passphrase (empty for no "
2592 			    "passphrase): ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
2593 		passphrase2 = read_passphrase("Enter same passphrase again: ",
2594 		    RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
2595 		if (strcmp(passphrase1, passphrase2) != 0) {
2596 			/*
2597 			 * The passphrases do not match.  Clear them and
2598 			 * retry.
2599 			 */
2600 			memset(passphrase1, 0, strlen(passphrase1));
2601 			memset(passphrase2, 0, strlen(passphrase2));
2602 			xfree(passphrase1);
2603 			xfree(passphrase2);
2604 			printf("Passphrases do not match.  Try again.\n");
2605 			goto passphrase_again;
2606 		}
2607 		/* Clear the other copy of the passphrase. */
2608 		memset(passphrase2, 0, strlen(passphrase2));
2609 		xfree(passphrase2);
2610 	}
2611 
2612 	if (identity_comment) {
2613 		strlcpy(comment, identity_comment, sizeof(comment));
2614 	} else {
2615 		/* Create default comment field for the passphrase. */
2616 		snprintf(comment, sizeof comment, "%s@%s", pw->pw_name, hostname);
2617 	}
2618 
2619 	/* Save the key with the given passphrase and comment. */
2620 	if (!key_save_private(private, identity_file, passphrase1, comment)) {
2621 		printf("Saving the key failed: %s.\n", identity_file);
2622 		memset(passphrase1, 0, strlen(passphrase1));
2623 		xfree(passphrase1);
2624 		exit(1);
2625 	}
2626 	/* Clear the passphrase. */
2627 	memset(passphrase1, 0, strlen(passphrase1));
2628 	xfree(passphrase1);
2629 
2630 	/* Clear the private key and the random number generator. */
2631 	key_free(private);
2632 	arc4random_stir();
2633 
2634 	if (!quiet)
2635 		printf("Your identification has been saved in %s.\n", identity_file);
2636 
2637 	strlcat(identity_file, ".pub", sizeof(identity_file));
2638 	fd = open(identity_file, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644);
2639 	if (fd == -1) {
2640 		printf("Could not save your public key in %s\n", identity_file);
2641 		exit(1);
2642 	}
2643 	f = fdopen(fd, "w");
2644 	if (f == NULL) {
2645 		printf("fdopen %s failed\n", identity_file);
2646 		exit(1);
2647 	}
2648 	if (!key_write(public, f))
2649 		fprintf(stderr, "write key failed\n");
2650 	fprintf(f, " %s\n", comment);
2651 	fclose(f);
2652 
2653 	if (!quiet) {
2654 		char *fp = key_fingerprint(public, SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_HEX);
2655 		char *ra = key_fingerprint(public, SSH_FP_MD5,
2656 		    SSH_FP_RANDOMART);
2657 		printf("Your public key has been saved in %s.\n",
2658 		    identity_file);
2659 		printf("The key fingerprint is:\n");
2660 		printf("%s %s\n", fp, comment);
2661 		printf("The key's randomart image is:\n");
2662 		printf("%s\n", ra);
2663 		xfree(ra);
2664 		xfree(fp);
2665 	}
2666 
2667 	key_free(public);
2668 	exit(0);
2669 }
2670