xref: /freebsd/crypto/openssh/sshkey.c (revision 42249ef2)
1 /* $OpenBSD: sshkey.c,v 1.66 2018/07/03 13:20:25 djm Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Copyright (c) 2000, 2001 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
4  * Copyright (c) 2008 Alexander von Gernler.  All rights reserved.
5  * Copyright (c) 2010,2011 Damien Miller.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
17  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
18  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
19  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
20  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
21  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
22  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
23  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
24  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
25  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
26  */
27 
28 #include "includes.h"
29 
30 #include <sys/types.h>
31 #include <netinet/in.h>
32 
33 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
34 #include <openssl/evp.h>
35 #include <openssl/err.h>
36 #include <openssl/pem.h>
37 #endif
38 
39 #include "crypto_api.h"
40 
41 #include <errno.h>
42 #include <limits.h>
43 #include <stdio.h>
44 #include <string.h>
45 #include <resolv.h>
46 #ifdef HAVE_UTIL_H
47 #include <util.h>
48 #endif /* HAVE_UTIL_H */
49 
50 #include "ssh2.h"
51 #include "ssherr.h"
52 #include "misc.h"
53 #include "sshbuf.h"
54 #include "cipher.h"
55 #include "digest.h"
56 #define SSHKEY_INTERNAL
57 #include "sshkey.h"
58 #include "sshkey-xmss.h"
59 #include "match.h"
60 
61 #include "xmss_fast.h"
62 
63 #include "openbsd-compat/openssl-compat.h"
64 
65 /* openssh private key file format */
66 #define MARK_BEGIN		"-----BEGIN OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----\n"
67 #define MARK_END		"-----END OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----\n"
68 #define MARK_BEGIN_LEN		(sizeof(MARK_BEGIN) - 1)
69 #define MARK_END_LEN		(sizeof(MARK_END) - 1)
70 #define KDFNAME			"bcrypt"
71 #define AUTH_MAGIC		"openssh-key-v1"
72 #define SALT_LEN		16
73 #define DEFAULT_CIPHERNAME	"aes256-ctr"
74 #define	DEFAULT_ROUNDS		16
75 
76 /* Version identification string for SSH v1 identity files. */
77 #define LEGACY_BEGIN		"SSH PRIVATE KEY FILE FORMAT 1.1\n"
78 
79 int	sshkey_private_serialize_opt(const struct sshkey *key,
80     struct sshbuf *buf, enum sshkey_serialize_rep);
81 static int sshkey_from_blob_internal(struct sshbuf *buf,
82     struct sshkey **keyp, int allow_cert);
83 
84 /* Supported key types */
85 struct keytype {
86 	const char *name;
87 	const char *shortname;
88 	const char *sigalg;
89 	int type;
90 	int nid;
91 	int cert;
92 	int sigonly;
93 };
94 static const struct keytype keytypes[] = {
95 	{ "ssh-ed25519", "ED25519", NULL, KEY_ED25519, 0, 0, 0 },
96 	{ "ssh-ed25519-cert-v01@openssh.com", "ED25519-CERT", NULL,
97 	    KEY_ED25519_CERT, 0, 1, 0 },
98 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
99 	{ "ssh-xmss@openssh.com", "XMSS", NULL, KEY_XMSS, 0, 0, 0 },
100 	{ "ssh-xmss-cert-v01@openssh.com", "XMSS-CERT", NULL,
101 	    KEY_XMSS_CERT, 0, 1, 0 },
102 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
103 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
104 	{ "ssh-rsa", "RSA", NULL, KEY_RSA, 0, 0, 0 },
105 	{ "rsa-sha2-256", "RSA", NULL, KEY_RSA, 0, 0, 1 },
106 	{ "rsa-sha2-512", "RSA", NULL, KEY_RSA, 0, 0, 1 },
107 	{ "ssh-dss", "DSA", NULL, KEY_DSA, 0, 0, 0 },
108 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
109 	{ "ecdsa-sha2-nistp256", "ECDSA", NULL,
110 	    KEY_ECDSA, NID_X9_62_prime256v1, 0, 0 },
111 	{ "ecdsa-sha2-nistp384", "ECDSA", NULL,
112 	    KEY_ECDSA, NID_secp384r1, 0, 0 },
113 #  ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_NISTP521
114 	{ "ecdsa-sha2-nistp521", "ECDSA", NULL,
115 	    KEY_ECDSA, NID_secp521r1, 0, 0 },
116 #  endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_NISTP521 */
117 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
118 	{ "ssh-rsa-cert-v01@openssh.com", "RSA-CERT", NULL,
119 	    KEY_RSA_CERT, 0, 1, 0 },
120 	{ "rsa-sha2-256-cert-v01@openssh.com", "RSA-CERT",
121 	    "ssh-rsa-sha2-256", KEY_RSA_CERT, 0, 1, 1 },
122 	{ "rsa-sha2-512-cert-v01@openssh.com", "RSA-CERT",
123 	    "ssh-rsa-sha2-512", KEY_RSA_CERT, 0, 1, 1 },
124 	{ "ssh-dss-cert-v01@openssh.com", "DSA-CERT", NULL,
125 	    KEY_DSA_CERT, 0, 1, 0 },
126 	{ "ssh-rsa-cert-v01@openssh.com", "RSA-CERT", NULL,
127 	    KEY_RSA_CERT, 0, 1, 0 },
128 	{ "rsa-sha2-256-cert-v01@openssh.com", "RSA-CERT",
129 	    "ssh-rsa-sha2-256", KEY_RSA_CERT, 0, 1, 1 },
130 	{ "rsa-sha2-512-cert-v01@openssh.com", "RSA-CERT",
131 	    "ssh-rsa-sha2-512", KEY_RSA_CERT, 0, 1, 1 },
132 	{ "ssh-dss-cert-v01@openssh.com", "DSA-CERT", NULL,
133 	    KEY_DSA_CERT, 0, 1, 0 },
134 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
135 	{ "ecdsa-sha2-nistp256-cert-v01@openssh.com", "ECDSA-CERT", NULL,
136 	    KEY_ECDSA_CERT, NID_X9_62_prime256v1, 1, 0 },
137 	{ "ecdsa-sha2-nistp384-cert-v01@openssh.com", "ECDSA-CERT", NULL,
138 	    KEY_ECDSA_CERT, NID_secp384r1, 1, 0 },
139 #  ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_NISTP521
140 	{ "ecdsa-sha2-nistp521-cert-v01@openssh.com", "ECDSA-CERT", NULL,
141 	   KEY_ECDSA_CERT, NID_secp521r1, 1, 0 },
142 #  endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_NISTP521 */
143 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
144 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
145 	{ NULL, NULL, NULL, -1, -1, 0, 0 }
146 };
147 
148 const char *
149 sshkey_type(const struct sshkey *k)
150 {
151 	const struct keytype *kt;
152 
153 	for (kt = keytypes; kt->type != -1; kt++) {
154 		if (kt->type == k->type)
155 			return kt->shortname;
156 	}
157 	return "unknown";
158 }
159 
160 static const char *
161 sshkey_ssh_name_from_type_nid(int type, int nid)
162 {
163 	const struct keytype *kt;
164 
165 	for (kt = keytypes; kt->type != -1; kt++) {
166 		if (kt->type == type && (kt->nid == 0 || kt->nid == nid))
167 			return kt->name;
168 	}
169 	return "ssh-unknown";
170 }
171 
172 int
173 sshkey_type_is_cert(int type)
174 {
175 	const struct keytype *kt;
176 
177 	for (kt = keytypes; kt->type != -1; kt++) {
178 		if (kt->type == type)
179 			return kt->cert;
180 	}
181 	return 0;
182 }
183 
184 const char *
185 sshkey_ssh_name(const struct sshkey *k)
186 {
187 	return sshkey_ssh_name_from_type_nid(k->type, k->ecdsa_nid);
188 }
189 
190 const char *
191 sshkey_ssh_name_plain(const struct sshkey *k)
192 {
193 	return sshkey_ssh_name_from_type_nid(sshkey_type_plain(k->type),
194 	    k->ecdsa_nid);
195 }
196 
197 int
198 sshkey_type_from_name(const char *name)
199 {
200 	const struct keytype *kt;
201 
202 	for (kt = keytypes; kt->type != -1; kt++) {
203 		/* Only allow shortname matches for plain key types */
204 		if ((kt->name != NULL && strcmp(name, kt->name) == 0) ||
205 		    (!kt->cert && strcasecmp(kt->shortname, name) == 0))
206 			return kt->type;
207 	}
208 	return KEY_UNSPEC;
209 }
210 
211 int
212 sshkey_ecdsa_nid_from_name(const char *name)
213 {
214 	const struct keytype *kt;
215 
216 	for (kt = keytypes; kt->type != -1; kt++) {
217 		if (kt->type != KEY_ECDSA && kt->type != KEY_ECDSA_CERT)
218 			continue;
219 		if (kt->name != NULL && strcmp(name, kt->name) == 0)
220 			return kt->nid;
221 	}
222 	return -1;
223 }
224 
225 char *
226 sshkey_alg_list(int certs_only, int plain_only, int include_sigonly, char sep)
227 {
228 	char *tmp, *ret = NULL;
229 	size_t nlen, rlen = 0;
230 	const struct keytype *kt;
231 
232 	for (kt = keytypes; kt->type != -1; kt++) {
233 		if (kt->name == NULL)
234 			continue;
235 		if (!include_sigonly && kt->sigonly)
236 			continue;
237 		if ((certs_only && !kt->cert) || (plain_only && kt->cert))
238 			continue;
239 		if (ret != NULL)
240 			ret[rlen++] = sep;
241 		nlen = strlen(kt->name);
242 		if ((tmp = realloc(ret, rlen + nlen + 2)) == NULL) {
243 			free(ret);
244 			return NULL;
245 		}
246 		ret = tmp;
247 		memcpy(ret + rlen, kt->name, nlen + 1);
248 		rlen += nlen;
249 	}
250 	return ret;
251 }
252 
253 int
254 sshkey_names_valid2(const char *names, int allow_wildcard)
255 {
256 	char *s, *cp, *p;
257 	const struct keytype *kt;
258 	int type;
259 
260 	if (names == NULL || strcmp(names, "") == 0)
261 		return 0;
262 	if ((s = cp = strdup(names)) == NULL)
263 		return 0;
264 	for ((p = strsep(&cp, ",")); p && *p != '\0';
265 	    (p = strsep(&cp, ","))) {
266 		type = sshkey_type_from_name(p);
267 		if (type == KEY_UNSPEC) {
268 			if (allow_wildcard) {
269 				/*
270 				 * Try matching key types against the string.
271 				 * If any has a positive or negative match then
272 				 * the component is accepted.
273 				 */
274 				for (kt = keytypes; kt->type != -1; kt++) {
275 					if (match_pattern_list(kt->name,
276 					    p, 0) != 0)
277 						break;
278 				}
279 				if (kt->type != -1)
280 					continue;
281 			}
282 			free(s);
283 			return 0;
284 		}
285 	}
286 	free(s);
287 	return 1;
288 }
289 
290 u_int
291 sshkey_size(const struct sshkey *k)
292 {
293 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
294 	const BIGNUM *rsa_n, *dsa_p;
295 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
296 
297 	switch (k->type) {
298 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
299 	case KEY_RSA:
300 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
301 		if (k->rsa == NULL)
302 			return 0;
303 		RSA_get0_key(k->rsa, &rsa_n, NULL, NULL);
304 		return BN_num_bits(rsa_n);
305 	case KEY_DSA:
306 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
307 		if (k->dsa == NULL)
308 			return 0;
309 		DSA_get0_pqg(k->dsa, &dsa_p, NULL, NULL);
310 		return BN_num_bits(dsa_p);
311 	case KEY_ECDSA:
312 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
313 		return sshkey_curve_nid_to_bits(k->ecdsa_nid);
314 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
315 	case KEY_ED25519:
316 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
317 	case KEY_XMSS:
318 	case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
319 		return 256;	/* XXX */
320 	}
321 	return 0;
322 }
323 
324 static int
325 sshkey_type_is_valid_ca(int type)
326 {
327 	switch (type) {
328 	case KEY_RSA:
329 	case KEY_DSA:
330 	case KEY_ECDSA:
331 	case KEY_ED25519:
332 	case KEY_XMSS:
333 		return 1;
334 	default:
335 		return 0;
336 	}
337 }
338 
339 int
340 sshkey_is_cert(const struct sshkey *k)
341 {
342 	if (k == NULL)
343 		return 0;
344 	return sshkey_type_is_cert(k->type);
345 }
346 
347 /* Return the cert-less equivalent to a certified key type */
348 int
349 sshkey_type_plain(int type)
350 {
351 	switch (type) {
352 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
353 		return KEY_RSA;
354 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
355 		return KEY_DSA;
356 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
357 		return KEY_ECDSA;
358 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
359 		return KEY_ED25519;
360 	case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
361 		return KEY_XMSS;
362 	default:
363 		return type;
364 	}
365 }
366 
367 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
368 /* XXX: these are really begging for a table-driven approach */
369 int
370 sshkey_curve_name_to_nid(const char *name)
371 {
372 	if (strcmp(name, "nistp256") == 0)
373 		return NID_X9_62_prime256v1;
374 	else if (strcmp(name, "nistp384") == 0)
375 		return NID_secp384r1;
376 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_NISTP521
377 	else if (strcmp(name, "nistp521") == 0)
378 		return NID_secp521r1;
379 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_NISTP521 */
380 	else
381 		return -1;
382 }
383 
384 u_int
385 sshkey_curve_nid_to_bits(int nid)
386 {
387 	switch (nid) {
388 	case NID_X9_62_prime256v1:
389 		return 256;
390 	case NID_secp384r1:
391 		return 384;
392 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_NISTP521
393 	case NID_secp521r1:
394 		return 521;
395 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_NISTP521 */
396 	default:
397 		return 0;
398 	}
399 }
400 
401 int
402 sshkey_ecdsa_bits_to_nid(int bits)
403 {
404 	switch (bits) {
405 	case 256:
406 		return NID_X9_62_prime256v1;
407 	case 384:
408 		return NID_secp384r1;
409 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_NISTP521
410 	case 521:
411 		return NID_secp521r1;
412 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_NISTP521 */
413 	default:
414 		return -1;
415 	}
416 }
417 
418 const char *
419 sshkey_curve_nid_to_name(int nid)
420 {
421 	switch (nid) {
422 	case NID_X9_62_prime256v1:
423 		return "nistp256";
424 	case NID_secp384r1:
425 		return "nistp384";
426 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_NISTP521
427 	case NID_secp521r1:
428 		return "nistp521";
429 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_NISTP521 */
430 	default:
431 		return NULL;
432 	}
433 }
434 
435 int
436 sshkey_ec_nid_to_hash_alg(int nid)
437 {
438 	int kbits = sshkey_curve_nid_to_bits(nid);
439 
440 	if (kbits <= 0)
441 		return -1;
442 
443 	/* RFC5656 section 6.2.1 */
444 	if (kbits <= 256)
445 		return SSH_DIGEST_SHA256;
446 	else if (kbits <= 384)
447 		return SSH_DIGEST_SHA384;
448 	else
449 		return SSH_DIGEST_SHA512;
450 }
451 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
452 
453 static void
454 cert_free(struct sshkey_cert *cert)
455 {
456 	u_int i;
457 
458 	if (cert == NULL)
459 		return;
460 	sshbuf_free(cert->certblob);
461 	sshbuf_free(cert->critical);
462 	sshbuf_free(cert->extensions);
463 	free(cert->key_id);
464 	for (i = 0; i < cert->nprincipals; i++)
465 		free(cert->principals[i]);
466 	free(cert->principals);
467 	sshkey_free(cert->signature_key);
468 	freezero(cert, sizeof(*cert));
469 }
470 
471 static struct sshkey_cert *
472 cert_new(void)
473 {
474 	struct sshkey_cert *cert;
475 
476 	if ((cert = calloc(1, sizeof(*cert))) == NULL)
477 		return NULL;
478 	if ((cert->certblob = sshbuf_new()) == NULL ||
479 	    (cert->critical = sshbuf_new()) == NULL ||
480 	    (cert->extensions = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) {
481 		cert_free(cert);
482 		return NULL;
483 	}
484 	cert->key_id = NULL;
485 	cert->principals = NULL;
486 	cert->signature_key = NULL;
487 	return cert;
488 }
489 
490 struct sshkey *
491 sshkey_new(int type)
492 {
493 	struct sshkey *k;
494 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
495 	RSA *rsa;
496 	DSA *dsa;
497 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
498 
499 	if ((k = calloc(1, sizeof(*k))) == NULL)
500 		return NULL;
501 	k->type = type;
502 	k->ecdsa = NULL;
503 	k->ecdsa_nid = -1;
504 	k->dsa = NULL;
505 	k->rsa = NULL;
506 	k->cert = NULL;
507 	k->ed25519_sk = NULL;
508 	k->ed25519_pk = NULL;
509 	k->xmss_sk = NULL;
510 	k->xmss_pk = NULL;
511 	switch (k->type) {
512 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
513 	case KEY_RSA:
514 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
515 		if ((rsa = RSA_new()) == NULL) {
516 			free(k);
517 			return NULL;
518 		}
519 		k->rsa = rsa;
520 		break;
521 	case KEY_DSA:
522 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
523 		if ((dsa = DSA_new()) == NULL) {
524 			free(k);
525 			return NULL;
526 		}
527 		k->dsa = dsa;
528 		break;
529 	case KEY_ECDSA:
530 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
531 		/* Cannot do anything until we know the group */
532 		break;
533 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
534 	case KEY_ED25519:
535 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
536 	case KEY_XMSS:
537 	case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
538 		/* no need to prealloc */
539 		break;
540 	case KEY_UNSPEC:
541 		break;
542 	default:
543 		free(k);
544 		return NULL;
545 	}
546 
547 	if (sshkey_is_cert(k)) {
548 		if ((k->cert = cert_new()) == NULL) {
549 			sshkey_free(k);
550 			return NULL;
551 		}
552 	}
553 
554 	return k;
555 }
556 
557 /* XXX garbage-collect this API */
558 struct sshkey *
559 sshkey_new_private(int type)
560 {
561 	struct sshkey *k = sshkey_new(type);
562 
563 	if (k == NULL)
564 		return NULL;
565 	return k;
566 }
567 
568 void
569 sshkey_free(struct sshkey *k)
570 {
571 	if (k == NULL)
572 		return;
573 	switch (k->type) {
574 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
575 	case KEY_RSA:
576 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
577 		RSA_free(k->rsa);
578 		k->rsa = NULL;
579 		break;
580 	case KEY_DSA:
581 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
582 		DSA_free(k->dsa);
583 		k->dsa = NULL;
584 		break;
585 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
586 	case KEY_ECDSA:
587 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
588 		EC_KEY_free(k->ecdsa);
589 		k->ecdsa = NULL;
590 		break;
591 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
592 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
593 	case KEY_ED25519:
594 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
595 		freezero(k->ed25519_pk, ED25519_PK_SZ);
596 		k->ed25519_pk = NULL;
597 		freezero(k->ed25519_sk, ED25519_SK_SZ);
598 		k->ed25519_sk = NULL;
599 		break;
600 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
601 	case KEY_XMSS:
602 	case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
603 		freezero(k->xmss_pk, sshkey_xmss_pklen(k));
604 		k->xmss_pk = NULL;
605 		freezero(k->xmss_sk, sshkey_xmss_sklen(k));
606 		k->xmss_sk = NULL;
607 		sshkey_xmss_free_state(k);
608 		free(k->xmss_name);
609 		k->xmss_name = NULL;
610 		free(k->xmss_filename);
611 		k->xmss_filename = NULL;
612 		break;
613 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
614 	case KEY_UNSPEC:
615 		break;
616 	default:
617 		break;
618 	}
619 	if (sshkey_is_cert(k))
620 		cert_free(k->cert);
621 	freezero(k, sizeof(*k));
622 }
623 
624 static int
625 cert_compare(struct sshkey_cert *a, struct sshkey_cert *b)
626 {
627 	if (a == NULL && b == NULL)
628 		return 1;
629 	if (a == NULL || b == NULL)
630 		return 0;
631 	if (sshbuf_len(a->certblob) != sshbuf_len(b->certblob))
632 		return 0;
633 	if (timingsafe_bcmp(sshbuf_ptr(a->certblob), sshbuf_ptr(b->certblob),
634 	    sshbuf_len(a->certblob)) != 0)
635 		return 0;
636 	return 1;
637 }
638 
639 /*
640  * Compare public portions of key only, allowing comparisons between
641  * certificates and plain keys too.
642  */
643 int
644 sshkey_equal_public(const struct sshkey *a, const struct sshkey *b)
645 {
646 #if defined(WITH_OPENSSL)
647 	const BIGNUM *rsa_e_a, *rsa_n_a;
648 	const BIGNUM *rsa_e_b, *rsa_n_b;
649 	const BIGNUM *dsa_p_a, *dsa_q_a, *dsa_g_a, *dsa_pub_key_a;
650 	const BIGNUM *dsa_p_b, *dsa_q_b, *dsa_g_b, *dsa_pub_key_b;
651 # if defined(OPENSSL_HAS_ECC)
652 	BN_CTX *bnctx;
653 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
654 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
655 
656 	if (a == NULL || b == NULL ||
657 	    sshkey_type_plain(a->type) != sshkey_type_plain(b->type))
658 		return 0;
659 
660 	switch (a->type) {
661 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
662 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
663 	case KEY_RSA:
664 		if (a->rsa == NULL || b->rsa == NULL)
665 			return 0;
666 		RSA_get0_key(a->rsa, &rsa_n_a, &rsa_e_a, NULL);
667 		RSA_get0_key(b->rsa, &rsa_n_b, &rsa_e_b, NULL);
668 		return BN_cmp(rsa_e_a, rsa_e_b) == 0 &&
669 		    BN_cmp(rsa_n_a, rsa_n_b) == 0;
670 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
671 	case KEY_DSA:
672 		if (a->dsa == NULL || b->dsa == NULL)
673 			return 0;
674 		DSA_get0_pqg(a->dsa, &dsa_p_a, &dsa_q_a, &dsa_g_a);
675 		DSA_get0_pqg(b->dsa, &dsa_p_b, &dsa_q_b, &dsa_g_b);
676 		DSA_get0_key(a->dsa, &dsa_pub_key_a, NULL);
677 		DSA_get0_key(b->dsa, &dsa_pub_key_b, NULL);
678 		return BN_cmp(dsa_p_a, dsa_p_b) == 0 &&
679 		    BN_cmp(dsa_q_a, dsa_q_b) == 0 &&
680 		    BN_cmp(dsa_g_a, dsa_g_b) == 0 &&
681 		    BN_cmp(dsa_pub_key_a, dsa_pub_key_b) == 0;
682 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
683 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
684 	case KEY_ECDSA:
685 		if (a->ecdsa == NULL || b->ecdsa == NULL ||
686 		    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(a->ecdsa) == NULL ||
687 		    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(b->ecdsa) == NULL)
688 			return 0;
689 		if ((bnctx = BN_CTX_new()) == NULL)
690 			return 0;
691 		if (EC_GROUP_cmp(EC_KEY_get0_group(a->ecdsa),
692 		    EC_KEY_get0_group(b->ecdsa), bnctx) != 0 ||
693 		    EC_POINT_cmp(EC_KEY_get0_group(a->ecdsa),
694 		    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(a->ecdsa),
695 		    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(b->ecdsa), bnctx) != 0) {
696 			BN_CTX_free(bnctx);
697 			return 0;
698 		}
699 		BN_CTX_free(bnctx);
700 		return 1;
701 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
702 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
703 	case KEY_ED25519:
704 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
705 		return a->ed25519_pk != NULL && b->ed25519_pk != NULL &&
706 		    memcmp(a->ed25519_pk, b->ed25519_pk, ED25519_PK_SZ) == 0;
707 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
708 	case KEY_XMSS:
709 	case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
710 		return a->xmss_pk != NULL && b->xmss_pk != NULL &&
711 		    sshkey_xmss_pklen(a) == sshkey_xmss_pklen(b) &&
712 		    memcmp(a->xmss_pk, b->xmss_pk, sshkey_xmss_pklen(a)) == 0;
713 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
714 	default:
715 		return 0;
716 	}
717 	/* NOTREACHED */
718 }
719 
720 int
721 sshkey_equal(const struct sshkey *a, const struct sshkey *b)
722 {
723 	if (a == NULL || b == NULL || a->type != b->type)
724 		return 0;
725 	if (sshkey_is_cert(a)) {
726 		if (!cert_compare(a->cert, b->cert))
727 			return 0;
728 	}
729 	return sshkey_equal_public(a, b);
730 }
731 
732 static int
733 to_blob_buf(const struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *b, int force_plain,
734   enum sshkey_serialize_rep opts)
735 {
736 	int type, ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
737 	const char *typename;
738 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
739 	const BIGNUM *rsa_n, *rsa_e, *dsa_p, *dsa_q, *dsa_g, *dsa_pub_key;
740 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
741 
742 	if (key == NULL)
743 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
744 
745 	if (sshkey_is_cert(key)) {
746 		if (key->cert == NULL)
747 			return SSH_ERR_EXPECTED_CERT;
748 		if (sshbuf_len(key->cert->certblob) == 0)
749 			return SSH_ERR_KEY_LACKS_CERTBLOB;
750 	}
751 	type = force_plain ? sshkey_type_plain(key->type) : key->type;
752 	typename = sshkey_ssh_name_from_type_nid(type, key->ecdsa_nid);
753 
754 	switch (type) {
755 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
756 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
757 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
758 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
759 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
760 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
761 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
762 	case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
763 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
764 		/* Use the existing blob */
765 		/* XXX modified flag? */
766 		if ((ret = sshbuf_putb(b, key->cert->certblob)) != 0)
767 			return ret;
768 		break;
769 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
770 	case KEY_DSA:
771 		if (key->dsa == NULL)
772 			return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
773 		DSA_get0_pqg(key->dsa, &dsa_p, &dsa_q, &dsa_g);
774 		DSA_get0_key(key->dsa, &dsa_pub_key, NULL);
775 		if ((ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, typename)) != 0 ||
776 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, dsa_p)) != 0 ||
777 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, dsa_q)) != 0 ||
778 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, dsa_g)) != 0 ||
779 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, dsa_pub_key)) != 0)
780 			return ret;
781 		break;
782 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
783 	case KEY_ECDSA:
784 		if (key->ecdsa == NULL)
785 			return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
786 		if ((ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, typename)) != 0 ||
787 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(b,
788 		    sshkey_curve_nid_to_name(key->ecdsa_nid))) != 0 ||
789 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_eckey(b, key->ecdsa)) != 0)
790 			return ret;
791 		break;
792 # endif
793 	case KEY_RSA:
794 		if (key->rsa == NULL)
795 			return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
796 		RSA_get0_key(key->rsa, &rsa_n, &rsa_e, NULL);
797 		if ((ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, typename)) != 0 ||
798 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, rsa_e)) != 0 ||
799 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, rsa_n)) != 0)
800 			return ret;
801 		break;
802 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
803 	case KEY_ED25519:
804 		if (key->ed25519_pk == NULL)
805 			return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
806 		if ((ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, typename)) != 0 ||
807 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_string(b,
808 		    key->ed25519_pk, ED25519_PK_SZ)) != 0)
809 			return ret;
810 		break;
811 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
812 	case KEY_XMSS:
813 		if (key->xmss_name == NULL || key->xmss_pk == NULL ||
814 		    sshkey_xmss_pklen(key) == 0)
815 			return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
816 		if ((ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, typename)) != 0 ||
817 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, key->xmss_name)) != 0 ||
818 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_string(b,
819 		    key->xmss_pk, sshkey_xmss_pklen(key))) != 0 ||
820 		    (ret = sshkey_xmss_serialize_pk_info(key, b, opts)) != 0)
821 			return ret;
822 		break;
823 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
824 	default:
825 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
826 	}
827 	return 0;
828 }
829 
830 int
831 sshkey_putb(const struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *b)
832 {
833 	return to_blob_buf(key, b, 0, SSHKEY_SERIALIZE_DEFAULT);
834 }
835 
836 int
837 sshkey_puts_opts(const struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *b,
838     enum sshkey_serialize_rep opts)
839 {
840 	struct sshbuf *tmp;
841 	int r;
842 
843 	if ((tmp = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
844 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
845 	r = to_blob_buf(key, tmp, 0, opts);
846 	if (r == 0)
847 		r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, tmp);
848 	sshbuf_free(tmp);
849 	return r;
850 }
851 
852 int
853 sshkey_puts(const struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *b)
854 {
855 	return sshkey_puts_opts(key, b, SSHKEY_SERIALIZE_DEFAULT);
856 }
857 
858 int
859 sshkey_putb_plain(const struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *b)
860 {
861 	return to_blob_buf(key, b, 1, SSHKEY_SERIALIZE_DEFAULT);
862 }
863 
864 static int
865 to_blob(const struct sshkey *key, u_char **blobp, size_t *lenp, int force_plain,
866     enum sshkey_serialize_rep opts)
867 {
868 	int ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
869 	size_t len;
870 	struct sshbuf *b = NULL;
871 
872 	if (lenp != NULL)
873 		*lenp = 0;
874 	if (blobp != NULL)
875 		*blobp = NULL;
876 	if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
877 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
878 	if ((ret = to_blob_buf(key, b, force_plain, opts)) != 0)
879 		goto out;
880 	len = sshbuf_len(b);
881 	if (lenp != NULL)
882 		*lenp = len;
883 	if (blobp != NULL) {
884 		if ((*blobp = malloc(len)) == NULL) {
885 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
886 			goto out;
887 		}
888 		memcpy(*blobp, sshbuf_ptr(b), len);
889 	}
890 	ret = 0;
891  out:
892 	sshbuf_free(b);
893 	return ret;
894 }
895 
896 int
897 sshkey_to_blob(const struct sshkey *key, u_char **blobp, size_t *lenp)
898 {
899 	return to_blob(key, blobp, lenp, 0, SSHKEY_SERIALIZE_DEFAULT);
900 }
901 
902 int
903 sshkey_plain_to_blob(const struct sshkey *key, u_char **blobp, size_t *lenp)
904 {
905 	return to_blob(key, blobp, lenp, 1, SSHKEY_SERIALIZE_DEFAULT);
906 }
907 
908 int
909 sshkey_fingerprint_raw(const struct sshkey *k, int dgst_alg,
910     u_char **retp, size_t *lenp)
911 {
912 	u_char *blob = NULL, *ret = NULL;
913 	size_t blob_len = 0;
914 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
915 
916 	if (retp != NULL)
917 		*retp = NULL;
918 	if (lenp != NULL)
919 		*lenp = 0;
920 	if (ssh_digest_bytes(dgst_alg) == 0) {
921 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
922 		goto out;
923 	}
924 	if ((r = to_blob(k, &blob, &blob_len, 1, SSHKEY_SERIALIZE_DEFAULT))
925 	    != 0)
926 		goto out;
927 	if ((ret = calloc(1, SSH_DIGEST_MAX_LENGTH)) == NULL) {
928 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
929 		goto out;
930 	}
931 	if ((r = ssh_digest_memory(dgst_alg, blob, blob_len,
932 	    ret, SSH_DIGEST_MAX_LENGTH)) != 0)
933 		goto out;
934 	/* success */
935 	if (retp != NULL) {
936 		*retp = ret;
937 		ret = NULL;
938 	}
939 	if (lenp != NULL)
940 		*lenp = ssh_digest_bytes(dgst_alg);
941 	r = 0;
942  out:
943 	free(ret);
944 	if (blob != NULL) {
945 		explicit_bzero(blob, blob_len);
946 		free(blob);
947 	}
948 	return r;
949 }
950 
951 static char *
952 fingerprint_b64(const char *alg, u_char *dgst_raw, size_t dgst_raw_len)
953 {
954 	char *ret;
955 	size_t plen = strlen(alg) + 1;
956 	size_t rlen = ((dgst_raw_len + 2) / 3) * 4 + plen + 1;
957 	int r;
958 
959 	if (dgst_raw_len > 65536 || (ret = calloc(1, rlen)) == NULL)
960 		return NULL;
961 	strlcpy(ret, alg, rlen);
962 	strlcat(ret, ":", rlen);
963 	if (dgst_raw_len == 0)
964 		return ret;
965 	if ((r = b64_ntop(dgst_raw, dgst_raw_len,
966 	    ret + plen, rlen - plen)) == -1) {
967 		freezero(ret, rlen);
968 		return NULL;
969 	}
970 	/* Trim padding characters from end */
971 	ret[strcspn(ret, "=")] = '\0';
972 	return ret;
973 }
974 
975 static char *
976 fingerprint_hex(const char *alg, u_char *dgst_raw, size_t dgst_raw_len)
977 {
978 	char *retval, hex[5];
979 	size_t i, rlen = dgst_raw_len * 3 + strlen(alg) + 2;
980 
981 	if (dgst_raw_len > 65536 || (retval = calloc(1, rlen)) == NULL)
982 		return NULL;
983 	strlcpy(retval, alg, rlen);
984 	strlcat(retval, ":", rlen);
985 	for (i = 0; i < dgst_raw_len; i++) {
986 		snprintf(hex, sizeof(hex), "%s%02x",
987 		    i > 0 ? ":" : "", dgst_raw[i]);
988 		strlcat(retval, hex, rlen);
989 	}
990 	return retval;
991 }
992 
993 static char *
994 fingerprint_bubblebabble(u_char *dgst_raw, size_t dgst_raw_len)
995 {
996 	char vowels[] = { 'a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u', 'y' };
997 	char consonants[] = { 'b', 'c', 'd', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'k', 'l', 'm',
998 	    'n', 'p', 'r', 's', 't', 'v', 'z', 'x' };
999 	u_int i, j = 0, rounds, seed = 1;
1000 	char *retval;
1001 
1002 	rounds = (dgst_raw_len / 2) + 1;
1003 	if ((retval = calloc(rounds, 6)) == NULL)
1004 		return NULL;
1005 	retval[j++] = 'x';
1006 	for (i = 0; i < rounds; i++) {
1007 		u_int idx0, idx1, idx2, idx3, idx4;
1008 		if ((i + 1 < rounds) || (dgst_raw_len % 2 != 0)) {
1009 			idx0 = (((((u_int)(dgst_raw[2 * i])) >> 6) & 3) +
1010 			    seed) % 6;
1011 			idx1 = (((u_int)(dgst_raw[2 * i])) >> 2) & 15;
1012 			idx2 = ((((u_int)(dgst_raw[2 * i])) & 3) +
1013 			    (seed / 6)) % 6;
1014 			retval[j++] = vowels[idx0];
1015 			retval[j++] = consonants[idx1];
1016 			retval[j++] = vowels[idx2];
1017 			if ((i + 1) < rounds) {
1018 				idx3 = (((u_int)(dgst_raw[(2 * i) + 1])) >> 4) & 15;
1019 				idx4 = (((u_int)(dgst_raw[(2 * i) + 1]))) & 15;
1020 				retval[j++] = consonants[idx3];
1021 				retval[j++] = '-';
1022 				retval[j++] = consonants[idx4];
1023 				seed = ((seed * 5) +
1024 				    ((((u_int)(dgst_raw[2 * i])) * 7) +
1025 				    ((u_int)(dgst_raw[(2 * i) + 1])))) % 36;
1026 			}
1027 		} else {
1028 			idx0 = seed % 6;
1029 			idx1 = 16;
1030 			idx2 = seed / 6;
1031 			retval[j++] = vowels[idx0];
1032 			retval[j++] = consonants[idx1];
1033 			retval[j++] = vowels[idx2];
1034 		}
1035 	}
1036 	retval[j++] = 'x';
1037 	retval[j++] = '\0';
1038 	return retval;
1039 }
1040 
1041 /*
1042  * Draw an ASCII-Art representing the fingerprint so human brain can
1043  * profit from its built-in pattern recognition ability.
1044  * This technique is called "random art" and can be found in some
1045  * scientific publications like this original paper:
1046  *
1047  * "Hash Visualization: a New Technique to improve Real-World Security",
1048  * Perrig A. and Song D., 1999, International Workshop on Cryptographic
1049  * Techniques and E-Commerce (CrypTEC '99)
1050  * sparrow.ece.cmu.edu/~adrian/projects/validation/validation.pdf
1051  *
1052  * The subject came up in a talk by Dan Kaminsky, too.
1053  *
1054  * If you see the picture is different, the key is different.
1055  * If the picture looks the same, you still know nothing.
1056  *
1057  * The algorithm used here is a worm crawling over a discrete plane,
1058  * leaving a trace (augmenting the field) everywhere it goes.
1059  * Movement is taken from dgst_raw 2bit-wise.  Bumping into walls
1060  * makes the respective movement vector be ignored for this turn.
1061  * Graphs are not unambiguous, because circles in graphs can be
1062  * walked in either direction.
1063  */
1064 
1065 /*
1066  * Field sizes for the random art.  Have to be odd, so the starting point
1067  * can be in the exact middle of the picture, and FLDBASE should be >=8 .
1068  * Else pictures would be too dense, and drawing the frame would
1069  * fail, too, because the key type would not fit in anymore.
1070  */
1071 #define	FLDBASE		8
1072 #define	FLDSIZE_Y	(FLDBASE + 1)
1073 #define	FLDSIZE_X	(FLDBASE * 2 + 1)
1074 static char *
1075 fingerprint_randomart(const char *alg, u_char *dgst_raw, size_t dgst_raw_len,
1076     const struct sshkey *k)
1077 {
1078 	/*
1079 	 * Chars to be used after each other every time the worm
1080 	 * intersects with itself.  Matter of taste.
1081 	 */
1082 	char	*augmentation_string = " .o+=*BOX@%&#/^SE";
1083 	char	*retval, *p, title[FLDSIZE_X], hash[FLDSIZE_X];
1084 	u_char	 field[FLDSIZE_X][FLDSIZE_Y];
1085 	size_t	 i, tlen, hlen;
1086 	u_int	 b;
1087 	int	 x, y, r;
1088 	size_t	 len = strlen(augmentation_string) - 1;
1089 
1090 	if ((retval = calloc((FLDSIZE_X + 3), (FLDSIZE_Y + 2))) == NULL)
1091 		return NULL;
1092 
1093 	/* initialize field */
1094 	memset(field, 0, FLDSIZE_X * FLDSIZE_Y * sizeof(char));
1095 	x = FLDSIZE_X / 2;
1096 	y = FLDSIZE_Y / 2;
1097 
1098 	/* process raw key */
1099 	for (i = 0; i < dgst_raw_len; i++) {
1100 		int input;
1101 		/* each byte conveys four 2-bit move commands */
1102 		input = dgst_raw[i];
1103 		for (b = 0; b < 4; b++) {
1104 			/* evaluate 2 bit, rest is shifted later */
1105 			x += (input & 0x1) ? 1 : -1;
1106 			y += (input & 0x2) ? 1 : -1;
1107 
1108 			/* assure we are still in bounds */
1109 			x = MAXIMUM(x, 0);
1110 			y = MAXIMUM(y, 0);
1111 			x = MINIMUM(x, FLDSIZE_X - 1);
1112 			y = MINIMUM(y, FLDSIZE_Y - 1);
1113 
1114 			/* augment the field */
1115 			if (field[x][y] < len - 2)
1116 				field[x][y]++;
1117 			input = input >> 2;
1118 		}
1119 	}
1120 
1121 	/* mark starting point and end point*/
1122 	field[FLDSIZE_X / 2][FLDSIZE_Y / 2] = len - 1;
1123 	field[x][y] = len;
1124 
1125 	/* assemble title */
1126 	r = snprintf(title, sizeof(title), "[%s %u]",
1127 		sshkey_type(k), sshkey_size(k));
1128 	/* If [type size] won't fit, then try [type]; fits "[ED25519-CERT]" */
1129 	if (r < 0 || r > (int)sizeof(title))
1130 		r = snprintf(title, sizeof(title), "[%s]", sshkey_type(k));
1131 	tlen = (r <= 0) ? 0 : strlen(title);
1132 
1133 	/* assemble hash ID. */
1134 	r = snprintf(hash, sizeof(hash), "[%s]", alg);
1135 	hlen = (r <= 0) ? 0 : strlen(hash);
1136 
1137 	/* output upper border */
1138 	p = retval;
1139 	*p++ = '+';
1140 	for (i = 0; i < (FLDSIZE_X - tlen) / 2; i++)
1141 		*p++ = '-';
1142 	memcpy(p, title, tlen);
1143 	p += tlen;
1144 	for (i += tlen; i < FLDSIZE_X; i++)
1145 		*p++ = '-';
1146 	*p++ = '+';
1147 	*p++ = '\n';
1148 
1149 	/* output content */
1150 	for (y = 0; y < FLDSIZE_Y; y++) {
1151 		*p++ = '|';
1152 		for (x = 0; x < FLDSIZE_X; x++)
1153 			*p++ = augmentation_string[MINIMUM(field[x][y], len)];
1154 		*p++ = '|';
1155 		*p++ = '\n';
1156 	}
1157 
1158 	/* output lower border */
1159 	*p++ = '+';
1160 	for (i = 0; i < (FLDSIZE_X - hlen) / 2; i++)
1161 		*p++ = '-';
1162 	memcpy(p, hash, hlen);
1163 	p += hlen;
1164 	for (i += hlen; i < FLDSIZE_X; i++)
1165 		*p++ = '-';
1166 	*p++ = '+';
1167 
1168 	return retval;
1169 }
1170 
1171 char *
1172 sshkey_fingerprint(const struct sshkey *k, int dgst_alg,
1173     enum sshkey_fp_rep dgst_rep)
1174 {
1175 	char *retval = NULL;
1176 	u_char *dgst_raw;
1177 	size_t dgst_raw_len;
1178 
1179 	if (sshkey_fingerprint_raw(k, dgst_alg, &dgst_raw, &dgst_raw_len) != 0)
1180 		return NULL;
1181 	switch (dgst_rep) {
1182 	case SSH_FP_DEFAULT:
1183 		if (dgst_alg == SSH_DIGEST_MD5) {
1184 			retval = fingerprint_hex(ssh_digest_alg_name(dgst_alg),
1185 			    dgst_raw, dgst_raw_len);
1186 		} else {
1187 			retval = fingerprint_b64(ssh_digest_alg_name(dgst_alg),
1188 			    dgst_raw, dgst_raw_len);
1189 		}
1190 		break;
1191 	case SSH_FP_HEX:
1192 		retval = fingerprint_hex(ssh_digest_alg_name(dgst_alg),
1193 		    dgst_raw, dgst_raw_len);
1194 		break;
1195 	case SSH_FP_BASE64:
1196 		retval = fingerprint_b64(ssh_digest_alg_name(dgst_alg),
1197 		    dgst_raw, dgst_raw_len);
1198 		break;
1199 	case SSH_FP_BUBBLEBABBLE:
1200 		retval = fingerprint_bubblebabble(dgst_raw, dgst_raw_len);
1201 		break;
1202 	case SSH_FP_RANDOMART:
1203 		retval = fingerprint_randomart(ssh_digest_alg_name(dgst_alg),
1204 		    dgst_raw, dgst_raw_len, k);
1205 		break;
1206 	default:
1207 		explicit_bzero(dgst_raw, dgst_raw_len);
1208 		free(dgst_raw);
1209 		return NULL;
1210 	}
1211 	explicit_bzero(dgst_raw, dgst_raw_len);
1212 	free(dgst_raw);
1213 	return retval;
1214 }
1215 
1216 static int
1217 peek_type_nid(const char *s, size_t l, int *nid)
1218 {
1219 	const struct keytype *kt;
1220 
1221 	for (kt = keytypes; kt->type != -1; kt++) {
1222 		if (kt->name == NULL || strlen(kt->name) != l)
1223 			continue;
1224 		if (memcmp(s, kt->name, l) == 0) {
1225 			*nid = -1;
1226 			if (kt->type == KEY_ECDSA || kt->type == KEY_ECDSA_CERT)
1227 				*nid = kt->nid;
1228 			return kt->type;
1229 		}
1230 	}
1231 	return KEY_UNSPEC;
1232 }
1233 
1234 /* XXX this can now be made const char * */
1235 int
1236 sshkey_read(struct sshkey *ret, char **cpp)
1237 {
1238 	struct sshkey *k;
1239 	char *cp, *blobcopy;
1240 	size_t space;
1241 	int r, type, curve_nid = -1;
1242 	struct sshbuf *blob;
1243 
1244 	if (ret == NULL)
1245 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
1246 
1247 	switch (ret->type) {
1248 	case KEY_UNSPEC:
1249 	case KEY_RSA:
1250 	case KEY_DSA:
1251 	case KEY_ECDSA:
1252 	case KEY_ED25519:
1253 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
1254 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
1255 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
1256 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
1257 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
1258 	case KEY_XMSS:
1259 	case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
1260 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
1261 		break; /* ok */
1262 	default:
1263 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
1264 	}
1265 
1266 	/* Decode type */
1267 	cp = *cpp;
1268 	space = strcspn(cp, " \t");
1269 	if (space == strlen(cp))
1270 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
1271 	if ((type = peek_type_nid(cp, space, &curve_nid)) == KEY_UNSPEC)
1272 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
1273 
1274 	/* skip whitespace */
1275 	for (cp += space; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'; cp++)
1276 		;
1277 	if (*cp == '\0')
1278 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
1279 	if (ret->type != KEY_UNSPEC && ret->type != type)
1280 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_MISMATCH;
1281 	if ((blob = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
1282 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1283 
1284 	/* find end of keyblob and decode */
1285 	space = strcspn(cp, " \t");
1286 	if ((blobcopy = strndup(cp, space)) == NULL) {
1287 		sshbuf_free(blob);
1288 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1289 	}
1290 	if ((r = sshbuf_b64tod(blob, blobcopy)) != 0) {
1291 		free(blobcopy);
1292 		sshbuf_free(blob);
1293 		return r;
1294 	}
1295 	free(blobcopy);
1296 	if ((r = sshkey_fromb(blob, &k)) != 0) {
1297 		sshbuf_free(blob);
1298 		return r;
1299 	}
1300 	sshbuf_free(blob);
1301 
1302 	/* skip whitespace and leave cp at start of comment */
1303 	for (cp += space; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'; cp++)
1304 		;
1305 
1306 	/* ensure type of blob matches type at start of line */
1307 	if (k->type != type) {
1308 		sshkey_free(k);
1309 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_MISMATCH;
1310 	}
1311 	if (sshkey_type_plain(type) == KEY_ECDSA && curve_nid != k->ecdsa_nid) {
1312 		sshkey_free(k);
1313 		return SSH_ERR_EC_CURVE_MISMATCH;
1314 	}
1315 
1316 	/* Fill in ret from parsed key */
1317 	ret->type = type;
1318 	if (sshkey_is_cert(ret)) {
1319 		if (!sshkey_is_cert(k)) {
1320 			sshkey_free(k);
1321 			return SSH_ERR_EXPECTED_CERT;
1322 		}
1323 		if (ret->cert != NULL)
1324 			cert_free(ret->cert);
1325 		ret->cert = k->cert;
1326 		k->cert = NULL;
1327 	}
1328 	switch (sshkey_type_plain(ret->type)) {
1329 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
1330 	case KEY_RSA:
1331 		RSA_free(ret->rsa);
1332 		ret->rsa = k->rsa;
1333 		k->rsa = NULL;
1334 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
1335 		RSA_print_fp(stderr, ret->rsa, 8);
1336 #endif
1337 		break;
1338 	case KEY_DSA:
1339 		DSA_free(ret->dsa);
1340 		ret->dsa = k->dsa;
1341 		k->dsa = NULL;
1342 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
1343 		DSA_print_fp(stderr, ret->dsa, 8);
1344 #endif
1345 		break;
1346 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
1347 	case KEY_ECDSA:
1348 		EC_KEY_free(ret->ecdsa);
1349 		ret->ecdsa = k->ecdsa;
1350 		ret->ecdsa_nid = k->ecdsa_nid;
1351 		k->ecdsa = NULL;
1352 		k->ecdsa_nid = -1;
1353 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
1354 		sshkey_dump_ec_key(ret->ecdsa);
1355 #endif
1356 		break;
1357 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
1358 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
1359 	case KEY_ED25519:
1360 		freezero(ret->ed25519_pk, ED25519_PK_SZ);
1361 		ret->ed25519_pk = k->ed25519_pk;
1362 		k->ed25519_pk = NULL;
1363 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
1364 		/* XXX */
1365 #endif
1366 		break;
1367 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
1368 	case KEY_XMSS:
1369 		free(ret->xmss_pk);
1370 		ret->xmss_pk = k->xmss_pk;
1371 		k->xmss_pk = NULL;
1372 		free(ret->xmss_state);
1373 		ret->xmss_state = k->xmss_state;
1374 		k->xmss_state = NULL;
1375 		free(ret->xmss_name);
1376 		ret->xmss_name = k->xmss_name;
1377 		k->xmss_name = NULL;
1378 		free(ret->xmss_filename);
1379 		ret->xmss_filename = k->xmss_filename;
1380 		k->xmss_filename = NULL;
1381 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
1382 		/* XXX */
1383 #endif
1384 		break;
1385 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
1386 	default:
1387 		sshkey_free(k);
1388 		return SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1389 	}
1390 	sshkey_free(k);
1391 
1392 	/* success */
1393 	*cpp = cp;
1394 	return 0;
1395 }
1396 
1397 
1398 int
1399 sshkey_to_base64(const struct sshkey *key, char **b64p)
1400 {
1401 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1402 	struct sshbuf *b = NULL;
1403 	char *uu = NULL;
1404 
1405 	if (b64p != NULL)
1406 		*b64p = NULL;
1407 	if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
1408 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1409 	if ((r = sshkey_putb(key, b)) != 0)
1410 		goto out;
1411 	if ((uu = sshbuf_dtob64(b)) == NULL) {
1412 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1413 		goto out;
1414 	}
1415 	/* Success */
1416 	if (b64p != NULL) {
1417 		*b64p = uu;
1418 		uu = NULL;
1419 	}
1420 	r = 0;
1421  out:
1422 	sshbuf_free(b);
1423 	free(uu);
1424 	return r;
1425 }
1426 
1427 int
1428 sshkey_format_text(const struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *b)
1429 {
1430 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1431 	char *uu = NULL;
1432 
1433 	if ((r = sshkey_to_base64(key, &uu)) != 0)
1434 		goto out;
1435 	if ((r = sshbuf_putf(b, "%s %s",
1436 	    sshkey_ssh_name(key), uu)) != 0)
1437 		goto out;
1438 	r = 0;
1439  out:
1440 	free(uu);
1441 	return r;
1442 }
1443 
1444 int
1445 sshkey_write(const struct sshkey *key, FILE *f)
1446 {
1447 	struct sshbuf *b = NULL;
1448 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1449 
1450 	if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
1451 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1452 	if ((r = sshkey_format_text(key, b)) != 0)
1453 		goto out;
1454 	if (fwrite(sshbuf_ptr(b), sshbuf_len(b), 1, f) != 1) {
1455 		if (feof(f))
1456 			errno = EPIPE;
1457 		r = SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR;
1458 		goto out;
1459 	}
1460 	/* Success */
1461 	r = 0;
1462  out:
1463 	sshbuf_free(b);
1464 	return r;
1465 }
1466 
1467 const char *
1468 sshkey_cert_type(const struct sshkey *k)
1469 {
1470 	switch (k->cert->type) {
1471 	case SSH2_CERT_TYPE_USER:
1472 		return "user";
1473 	case SSH2_CERT_TYPE_HOST:
1474 		return "host";
1475 	default:
1476 		return "unknown";
1477 	}
1478 }
1479 
1480 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
1481 static int
1482 rsa_generate_private_key(u_int bits, RSA **rsap)
1483 {
1484 	RSA *private = NULL;
1485 	BIGNUM *f4 = NULL;
1486 	int ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1487 
1488 	if (rsap == NULL)
1489 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
1490 	if (bits < SSH_RSA_MINIMUM_MODULUS_SIZE ||
1491 	    bits > SSHBUF_MAX_BIGNUM * 8)
1492 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_LENGTH;
1493 	*rsap = NULL;
1494 	if ((private = RSA_new()) == NULL || (f4 = BN_new()) == NULL) {
1495 		ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1496 		goto out;
1497 	}
1498 	if (!BN_set_word(f4, RSA_F4) ||
1499 	    !RSA_generate_key_ex(private, bits, f4, NULL)) {
1500 		ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
1501 		goto out;
1502 	}
1503 	*rsap = private;
1504 	private = NULL;
1505 	ret = 0;
1506  out:
1507 	RSA_free(private);
1508 	BN_free(f4);
1509 	return ret;
1510 }
1511 
1512 static int
1513 dsa_generate_private_key(u_int bits, DSA **dsap)
1514 {
1515 	DSA *private;
1516 	int ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1517 
1518 	if (dsap == NULL)
1519 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
1520 	if (bits != 1024)
1521 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_LENGTH;
1522 	if ((private = DSA_new()) == NULL) {
1523 		ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1524 		goto out;
1525 	}
1526 	*dsap = NULL;
1527 	if (!DSA_generate_parameters_ex(private, bits, NULL, 0, NULL,
1528 	    NULL, NULL) || !DSA_generate_key(private)) {
1529 		ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
1530 		goto out;
1531 	}
1532 	*dsap = private;
1533 	private = NULL;
1534 	ret = 0;
1535  out:
1536 	DSA_free(private);
1537 	return ret;
1538 }
1539 
1540 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
1541 int
1542 sshkey_ecdsa_key_to_nid(EC_KEY *k)
1543 {
1544 	EC_GROUP *eg;
1545 	int nids[] = {
1546 		NID_X9_62_prime256v1,
1547 		NID_secp384r1,
1548 #  ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_NISTP521
1549 		NID_secp521r1,
1550 #  endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_NISTP521 */
1551 		-1
1552 	};
1553 	int nid;
1554 	u_int i;
1555 	BN_CTX *bnctx;
1556 	const EC_GROUP *g = EC_KEY_get0_group(k);
1557 
1558 	/*
1559 	 * The group may be stored in a ASN.1 encoded private key in one of two
1560 	 * ways: as a "named group", which is reconstituted by ASN.1 object ID
1561 	 * or explicit group parameters encoded into the key blob. Only the
1562 	 * "named group" case sets the group NID for us, but we can figure
1563 	 * it out for the other case by comparing against all the groups that
1564 	 * are supported.
1565 	 */
1566 	if ((nid = EC_GROUP_get_curve_name(g)) > 0)
1567 		return nid;
1568 	if ((bnctx = BN_CTX_new()) == NULL)
1569 		return -1;
1570 	for (i = 0; nids[i] != -1; i++) {
1571 		if ((eg = EC_GROUP_new_by_curve_name(nids[i])) == NULL) {
1572 			BN_CTX_free(bnctx);
1573 			return -1;
1574 		}
1575 		if (EC_GROUP_cmp(g, eg, bnctx) == 0)
1576 			break;
1577 		EC_GROUP_free(eg);
1578 	}
1579 	BN_CTX_free(bnctx);
1580 	if (nids[i] != -1) {
1581 		/* Use the group with the NID attached */
1582 		EC_GROUP_set_asn1_flag(eg, OPENSSL_EC_NAMED_CURVE);
1583 		if (EC_KEY_set_group(k, eg) != 1) {
1584 			EC_GROUP_free(eg);
1585 			return -1;
1586 		}
1587 	}
1588 	return nids[i];
1589 }
1590 
1591 static int
1592 ecdsa_generate_private_key(u_int bits, int *nid, EC_KEY **ecdsap)
1593 {
1594 	EC_KEY *private;
1595 	int ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1596 
1597 	if (nid == NULL || ecdsap == NULL)
1598 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
1599 	if ((*nid = sshkey_ecdsa_bits_to_nid(bits)) == -1)
1600 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_LENGTH;
1601 	*ecdsap = NULL;
1602 	if ((private = EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name(*nid)) == NULL) {
1603 		ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1604 		goto out;
1605 	}
1606 	if (EC_KEY_generate_key(private) != 1) {
1607 		ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
1608 		goto out;
1609 	}
1610 	EC_KEY_set_asn1_flag(private, OPENSSL_EC_NAMED_CURVE);
1611 	*ecdsap = private;
1612 	private = NULL;
1613 	ret = 0;
1614  out:
1615 	EC_KEY_free(private);
1616 	return ret;
1617 }
1618 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
1619 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
1620 
1621 int
1622 sshkey_generate(int type, u_int bits, struct sshkey **keyp)
1623 {
1624 	struct sshkey *k;
1625 	int ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1626 
1627 	if (keyp == NULL)
1628 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
1629 	*keyp = NULL;
1630 	if ((k = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL)
1631 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1632 	switch (type) {
1633 	case KEY_ED25519:
1634 		if ((k->ed25519_pk = malloc(ED25519_PK_SZ)) == NULL ||
1635 		    (k->ed25519_sk = malloc(ED25519_SK_SZ)) == NULL) {
1636 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1637 			break;
1638 		}
1639 		crypto_sign_ed25519_keypair(k->ed25519_pk, k->ed25519_sk);
1640 		ret = 0;
1641 		break;
1642 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
1643 	case KEY_XMSS:
1644 		ret = sshkey_xmss_generate_private_key(k, bits);
1645 		break;
1646 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
1647 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
1648 	case KEY_DSA:
1649 		ret = dsa_generate_private_key(bits, &k->dsa);
1650 		break;
1651 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
1652 	case KEY_ECDSA:
1653 		ret = ecdsa_generate_private_key(bits, &k->ecdsa_nid,
1654 		    &k->ecdsa);
1655 		break;
1656 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
1657 	case KEY_RSA:
1658 		ret = rsa_generate_private_key(bits, &k->rsa);
1659 		break;
1660 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
1661 	default:
1662 		ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
1663 	}
1664 	if (ret == 0) {
1665 		k->type = type;
1666 		*keyp = k;
1667 	} else
1668 		sshkey_free(k);
1669 	return ret;
1670 }
1671 
1672 int
1673 sshkey_cert_copy(const struct sshkey *from_key, struct sshkey *to_key)
1674 {
1675 	u_int i;
1676 	const struct sshkey_cert *from;
1677 	struct sshkey_cert *to;
1678 	int ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1679 
1680 	if (to_key->cert != NULL) {
1681 		cert_free(to_key->cert);
1682 		to_key->cert = NULL;
1683 	}
1684 
1685 	if ((from = from_key->cert) == NULL)
1686 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
1687 
1688 	if ((to = to_key->cert = cert_new()) == NULL)
1689 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1690 
1691 	if ((ret = sshbuf_putb(to->certblob, from->certblob)) != 0 ||
1692 	    (ret = sshbuf_putb(to->critical, from->critical)) != 0 ||
1693 	    (ret = sshbuf_putb(to->extensions, from->extensions)) != 0)
1694 		return ret;
1695 
1696 	to->serial = from->serial;
1697 	to->type = from->type;
1698 	if (from->key_id == NULL)
1699 		to->key_id = NULL;
1700 	else if ((to->key_id = strdup(from->key_id)) == NULL)
1701 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1702 	to->valid_after = from->valid_after;
1703 	to->valid_before = from->valid_before;
1704 	if (from->signature_key == NULL)
1705 		to->signature_key = NULL;
1706 	else if ((ret = sshkey_from_private(from->signature_key,
1707 	    &to->signature_key)) != 0)
1708 		return ret;
1709 
1710 	if (from->nprincipals > SSHKEY_CERT_MAX_PRINCIPALS)
1711 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
1712 	if (from->nprincipals > 0) {
1713 		if ((to->principals = calloc(from->nprincipals,
1714 		    sizeof(*to->principals))) == NULL)
1715 			return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1716 		for (i = 0; i < from->nprincipals; i++) {
1717 			to->principals[i] = strdup(from->principals[i]);
1718 			if (to->principals[i] == NULL) {
1719 				to->nprincipals = i;
1720 				return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1721 			}
1722 		}
1723 	}
1724 	to->nprincipals = from->nprincipals;
1725 	return 0;
1726 }
1727 
1728 int
1729 sshkey_from_private(const struct sshkey *k, struct sshkey **pkp)
1730 {
1731 	struct sshkey *n = NULL;
1732 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1733 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
1734 	const BIGNUM *rsa_n, *rsa_e;
1735 	BIGNUM *rsa_n_dup = NULL, *rsa_e_dup = NULL;
1736 	const BIGNUM *dsa_p, *dsa_q, *dsa_g, *dsa_pub_key;
1737 	BIGNUM *dsa_p_dup = NULL, *dsa_q_dup = NULL, *dsa_g_dup = NULL;
1738 	BIGNUM *dsa_pub_key_dup = NULL;
1739 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
1740 
1741 	*pkp = NULL;
1742 	switch (k->type) {
1743 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
1744 	case KEY_DSA:
1745 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
1746 		if ((n = sshkey_new(k->type)) == NULL) {
1747 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1748 			goto out;
1749 		}
1750 
1751 		DSA_get0_pqg(k->dsa, &dsa_p, &dsa_q, &dsa_g);
1752 		DSA_get0_key(k->dsa, &dsa_pub_key, NULL);
1753 		if ((dsa_p_dup = BN_dup(dsa_p)) == NULL ||
1754 		    (dsa_q_dup = BN_dup(dsa_q)) == NULL ||
1755 		    (dsa_g_dup = BN_dup(dsa_g)) == NULL ||
1756 		    (dsa_pub_key_dup = BN_dup(dsa_pub_key)) == NULL) {
1757 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1758 			goto out;
1759 		}
1760 		if (!DSA_set0_pqg(n->dsa, dsa_p_dup, dsa_q_dup, dsa_g_dup)) {
1761 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
1762 			goto out;
1763 		}
1764 		dsa_p_dup = dsa_q_dup = dsa_g_dup = NULL; /* transferred */
1765 		if (!DSA_set0_key(n->dsa, dsa_pub_key_dup, NULL)) {
1766 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
1767 			goto out;
1768 		}
1769 		dsa_pub_key_dup = NULL; /* transferred */
1770 
1771 		break;
1772 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
1773 	case KEY_ECDSA:
1774 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
1775 		if ((n = sshkey_new(k->type)) == NULL) {
1776 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1777 			goto out;
1778 		}
1779 		n->ecdsa_nid = k->ecdsa_nid;
1780 		n->ecdsa = EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name(k->ecdsa_nid);
1781 		if (n->ecdsa == NULL) {
1782 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1783 			goto out;
1784 		}
1785 		if (EC_KEY_set_public_key(n->ecdsa,
1786 		    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(k->ecdsa)) != 1) {
1787 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
1788 			goto out;
1789 		}
1790 		break;
1791 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
1792 	case KEY_RSA:
1793 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
1794 		if ((n = sshkey_new(k->type)) == NULL) {
1795 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1796 			goto out;
1797 		}
1798 		RSA_get0_key(k->rsa, &rsa_n, &rsa_e, NULL);
1799 		if ((rsa_n_dup = BN_dup(rsa_n)) == NULL ||
1800 		    (rsa_e_dup = BN_dup(rsa_e)) == NULL) {
1801 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1802 			goto out;
1803 		}
1804 		if (!RSA_set0_key(n->rsa, rsa_n_dup, rsa_e_dup, NULL)) {
1805 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
1806 			goto out;
1807 		}
1808 		rsa_n_dup = rsa_e_dup = NULL; /* transferred */
1809 		break;
1810 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
1811 	case KEY_ED25519:
1812 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
1813 		if ((n = sshkey_new(k->type)) == NULL) {
1814 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1815 			goto out;
1816 		}
1817 		if (k->ed25519_pk != NULL) {
1818 			if ((n->ed25519_pk = malloc(ED25519_PK_SZ)) == NULL) {
1819 				r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1820 				goto out;
1821 			}
1822 			memcpy(n->ed25519_pk, k->ed25519_pk, ED25519_PK_SZ);
1823 		}
1824 		break;
1825 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
1826 	case KEY_XMSS:
1827 	case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
1828 		if ((n = sshkey_new(k->type)) == NULL) {
1829 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1830 			goto out;
1831 		}
1832 		if ((r = sshkey_xmss_init(n, k->xmss_name)) != 0)
1833 			goto out;
1834 		if (k->xmss_pk != NULL) {
1835 			size_t pklen = sshkey_xmss_pklen(k);
1836 			if (pklen == 0 || sshkey_xmss_pklen(n) != pklen) {
1837 				r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1838 				goto out;
1839 			}
1840 			if ((n->xmss_pk = malloc(pklen)) == NULL) {
1841 				r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1842 				goto out;
1843 			}
1844 			memcpy(n->xmss_pk, k->xmss_pk, pklen);
1845 		}
1846 		break;
1847 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
1848 	default:
1849 		r = SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
1850 		goto out;
1851 	}
1852 	if (sshkey_is_cert(k) && (r = sshkey_cert_copy(k, n)) != 0)
1853 		goto out;
1854 	/* success */
1855 	*pkp = n;
1856 	n = NULL;
1857 	r = 0;
1858  out:
1859 	sshkey_free(n);
1860 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
1861 	BN_clear_free(rsa_n_dup);
1862 	BN_clear_free(rsa_e_dup);
1863 	BN_clear_free(dsa_p_dup);
1864 	BN_clear_free(dsa_q_dup);
1865 	BN_clear_free(dsa_g_dup);
1866 	BN_clear_free(dsa_pub_key_dup);
1867 #endif
1868 
1869 	return r;
1870 }
1871 
1872 static int
1873 cert_parse(struct sshbuf *b, struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *certbuf)
1874 {
1875 	struct sshbuf *principals = NULL, *crit = NULL;
1876 	struct sshbuf *exts = NULL, *ca = NULL;
1877 	u_char *sig = NULL;
1878 	size_t signed_len = 0, slen = 0, kidlen = 0;
1879 	int ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1880 
1881 	/* Copy the entire key blob for verification and later serialisation */
1882 	if ((ret = sshbuf_putb(key->cert->certblob, certbuf)) != 0)
1883 		return ret;
1884 
1885 	/* Parse body of certificate up to signature */
1886 	if ((ret = sshbuf_get_u64(b, &key->cert->serial)) != 0 ||
1887 	    (ret = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &key->cert->type)) != 0 ||
1888 	    (ret = sshbuf_get_cstring(b, &key->cert->key_id, &kidlen)) != 0 ||
1889 	    (ret = sshbuf_froms(b, &principals)) != 0 ||
1890 	    (ret = sshbuf_get_u64(b, &key->cert->valid_after)) != 0 ||
1891 	    (ret = sshbuf_get_u64(b, &key->cert->valid_before)) != 0 ||
1892 	    (ret = sshbuf_froms(b, &crit)) != 0 ||
1893 	    (ret = sshbuf_froms(b, &exts)) != 0 ||
1894 	    (ret = sshbuf_get_string_direct(b, NULL, NULL)) != 0 ||
1895 	    (ret = sshbuf_froms(b, &ca)) != 0) {
1896 		/* XXX debug print error for ret */
1897 		ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
1898 		goto out;
1899 	}
1900 
1901 	/* Signature is left in the buffer so we can calculate this length */
1902 	signed_len = sshbuf_len(key->cert->certblob) - sshbuf_len(b);
1903 
1904 	if ((ret = sshbuf_get_string(b, &sig, &slen)) != 0) {
1905 		ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
1906 		goto out;
1907 	}
1908 
1909 	if (key->cert->type != SSH2_CERT_TYPE_USER &&
1910 	    key->cert->type != SSH2_CERT_TYPE_HOST) {
1911 		ret = SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_UNKNOWN_TYPE;
1912 		goto out;
1913 	}
1914 
1915 	/* Parse principals section */
1916 	while (sshbuf_len(principals) > 0) {
1917 		char *principal = NULL;
1918 		char **oprincipals = NULL;
1919 
1920 		if (key->cert->nprincipals >= SSHKEY_CERT_MAX_PRINCIPALS) {
1921 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
1922 			goto out;
1923 		}
1924 		if ((ret = sshbuf_get_cstring(principals, &principal,
1925 		    NULL)) != 0) {
1926 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
1927 			goto out;
1928 		}
1929 		oprincipals = key->cert->principals;
1930 		key->cert->principals = recallocarray(key->cert->principals,
1931 		    key->cert->nprincipals, key->cert->nprincipals + 1,
1932 		    sizeof(*key->cert->principals));
1933 		if (key->cert->principals == NULL) {
1934 			free(principal);
1935 			key->cert->principals = oprincipals;
1936 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1937 			goto out;
1938 		}
1939 		key->cert->principals[key->cert->nprincipals++] = principal;
1940 	}
1941 
1942 	/*
1943 	 * Stash a copies of the critical options and extensions sections
1944 	 * for later use.
1945 	 */
1946 	if ((ret = sshbuf_putb(key->cert->critical, crit)) != 0 ||
1947 	    (exts != NULL &&
1948 	    (ret = sshbuf_putb(key->cert->extensions, exts)) != 0))
1949 		goto out;
1950 
1951 	/*
1952 	 * Validate critical options and extensions sections format.
1953 	 */
1954 	while (sshbuf_len(crit) != 0) {
1955 		if ((ret = sshbuf_get_string_direct(crit, NULL, NULL)) != 0 ||
1956 		    (ret = sshbuf_get_string_direct(crit, NULL, NULL)) != 0) {
1957 			sshbuf_reset(key->cert->critical);
1958 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
1959 			goto out;
1960 		}
1961 	}
1962 	while (exts != NULL && sshbuf_len(exts) != 0) {
1963 		if ((ret = sshbuf_get_string_direct(exts, NULL, NULL)) != 0 ||
1964 		    (ret = sshbuf_get_string_direct(exts, NULL, NULL)) != 0) {
1965 			sshbuf_reset(key->cert->extensions);
1966 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
1967 			goto out;
1968 		}
1969 	}
1970 
1971 	/* Parse CA key and check signature */
1972 	if (sshkey_from_blob_internal(ca, &key->cert->signature_key, 0) != 0) {
1973 		ret = SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID_SIGN_KEY;
1974 		goto out;
1975 	}
1976 	if (!sshkey_type_is_valid_ca(key->cert->signature_key->type)) {
1977 		ret = SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID_SIGN_KEY;
1978 		goto out;
1979 	}
1980 	if ((ret = sshkey_verify(key->cert->signature_key, sig, slen,
1981 	    sshbuf_ptr(key->cert->certblob), signed_len, NULL, 0)) != 0)
1982 		goto out;
1983 
1984 	/* Success */
1985 	ret = 0;
1986  out:
1987 	sshbuf_free(ca);
1988 	sshbuf_free(crit);
1989 	sshbuf_free(exts);
1990 	sshbuf_free(principals);
1991 	free(sig);
1992 	return ret;
1993 }
1994 
1995 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
1996 static int
1997 check_rsa_length(const RSA *rsa)
1998 {
1999 	const BIGNUM *rsa_n;
2000 
2001 	RSA_get0_key(rsa, &rsa_n, NULL, NULL);
2002 	if (BN_num_bits(rsa_n) < SSH_RSA_MINIMUM_MODULUS_SIZE)
2003 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_LENGTH;
2004 	return 0;
2005 }
2006 #endif
2007 
2008 static int
2009 sshkey_from_blob_internal(struct sshbuf *b, struct sshkey **keyp,
2010     int allow_cert)
2011 {
2012 	int type, ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
2013 	char *ktype = NULL, *curve = NULL, *xmss_name = NULL;
2014 	struct sshkey *key = NULL;
2015 	size_t len;
2016 	u_char *pk = NULL;
2017 	struct sshbuf *copy;
2018 #if defined(WITH_OPENSSL)
2019 	BIGNUM *rsa_n = NULL, *rsa_e = NULL;
2020 	BIGNUM *dsa_p = NULL, *dsa_q = NULL, *dsa_g = NULL, *dsa_pub_key = NULL;
2021 # if defined(OPENSSL_HAS_ECC)
2022 	EC_POINT *q = NULL;
2023 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
2024 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2025 
2026 #ifdef DEBUG_PK /* XXX */
2027 	sshbuf_dump(b, stderr);
2028 #endif
2029 	if (keyp != NULL)
2030 		*keyp = NULL;
2031 	if ((copy = sshbuf_fromb(b)) == NULL) {
2032 		ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2033 		goto out;
2034 	}
2035 	if (sshbuf_get_cstring(b, &ktype, NULL) != 0) {
2036 		ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2037 		goto out;
2038 	}
2039 
2040 	type = sshkey_type_from_name(ktype);
2041 	if (!allow_cert && sshkey_type_is_cert(type)) {
2042 		ret = SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID_SIGN_KEY;
2043 		goto out;
2044 	}
2045 	switch (type) {
2046 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
2047 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
2048 		/* Skip nonce */
2049 		if (sshbuf_get_string_direct(b, NULL, NULL) != 0) {
2050 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2051 			goto out;
2052 		}
2053 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
2054 	case KEY_RSA:
2055 		if ((key = sshkey_new(type)) == NULL) {
2056 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2057 			goto out;
2058 		}
2059 		if ((rsa_e = BN_new()) == NULL ||
2060 		    (rsa_n = BN_new()) == NULL) {
2061 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2062 			goto out;
2063 		}
2064 		if (sshbuf_get_bignum2(b, rsa_e) != 0 ||
2065 		    sshbuf_get_bignum2(b, rsa_n) != 0) {
2066 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2067 			goto out;
2068 		}
2069 		if (!RSA_set0_key(key->rsa, rsa_n, rsa_e, NULL)) {
2070 			ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
2071 			goto out;
2072 		}
2073 		rsa_n = rsa_e = NULL; /* transferred */
2074 		if ((ret = check_rsa_length(key->rsa)) != 0)
2075 			goto out;
2076 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
2077 		RSA_print_fp(stderr, key->rsa, 8);
2078 #endif
2079 		break;
2080 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
2081 		/* Skip nonce */
2082 		if (sshbuf_get_string_direct(b, NULL, NULL) != 0) {
2083 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2084 			goto out;
2085 		}
2086 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
2087 	case KEY_DSA:
2088 		if ((key = sshkey_new(type)) == NULL) {
2089 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2090 			goto out;
2091 		}
2092 		if ((dsa_p = BN_new()) == NULL ||
2093 		    (dsa_q = BN_new()) == NULL ||
2094 		    (dsa_g = BN_new()) == NULL ||
2095 		    (dsa_pub_key = BN_new()) == NULL) {
2096 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2097 			goto out;
2098 		}
2099 		if (sshbuf_get_bignum2(b, dsa_p) != 0 ||
2100 		    sshbuf_get_bignum2(b, dsa_q) != 0 ||
2101 		    sshbuf_get_bignum2(b, dsa_g) != 0 ||
2102 		    sshbuf_get_bignum2(b, dsa_pub_key) != 0) {
2103 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2104 			goto out;
2105 		}
2106 		if (!DSA_set0_pqg(key->dsa, dsa_p, dsa_q, dsa_g)) {
2107 			ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
2108 			goto out;
2109 		}
2110 		dsa_p = dsa_q = dsa_g = NULL; /* transferred */
2111 		if (!DSA_set0_key(key->dsa, dsa_pub_key, NULL)) {
2112 			ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
2113 			goto out;
2114 		}
2115 		dsa_pub_key = NULL; /* transferred */
2116 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
2117 		DSA_print_fp(stderr, key->dsa, 8);
2118 #endif
2119 		break;
2120 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
2121 		/* Skip nonce */
2122 		if (sshbuf_get_string_direct(b, NULL, NULL) != 0) {
2123 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2124 			goto out;
2125 		}
2126 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
2127 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
2128 	case KEY_ECDSA:
2129 		if ((key = sshkey_new(type)) == NULL) {
2130 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2131 			goto out;
2132 		}
2133 		key->ecdsa_nid = sshkey_ecdsa_nid_from_name(ktype);
2134 		if (sshbuf_get_cstring(b, &curve, NULL) != 0) {
2135 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2136 			goto out;
2137 		}
2138 		if (key->ecdsa_nid != sshkey_curve_name_to_nid(curve)) {
2139 			ret = SSH_ERR_EC_CURVE_MISMATCH;
2140 			goto out;
2141 		}
2142 		EC_KEY_free(key->ecdsa);
2143 		if ((key->ecdsa = EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name(key->ecdsa_nid))
2144 		    == NULL) {
2145 			ret = SSH_ERR_EC_CURVE_INVALID;
2146 			goto out;
2147 		}
2148 		if ((q = EC_POINT_new(EC_KEY_get0_group(key->ecdsa))) == NULL) {
2149 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2150 			goto out;
2151 		}
2152 		if (sshbuf_get_ec(b, q, EC_KEY_get0_group(key->ecdsa)) != 0) {
2153 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2154 			goto out;
2155 		}
2156 		if (sshkey_ec_validate_public(EC_KEY_get0_group(key->ecdsa),
2157 		    q) != 0) {
2158 			ret = SSH_ERR_KEY_INVALID_EC_VALUE;
2159 			goto out;
2160 		}
2161 		if (EC_KEY_set_public_key(key->ecdsa, q) != 1) {
2162 			/* XXX assume it is a allocation error */
2163 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2164 			goto out;
2165 		}
2166 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
2167 		sshkey_dump_ec_point(EC_KEY_get0_group(key->ecdsa), q);
2168 #endif
2169 		break;
2170 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
2171 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2172 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
2173 		/* Skip nonce */
2174 		if (sshbuf_get_string_direct(b, NULL, NULL) != 0) {
2175 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2176 			goto out;
2177 		}
2178 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
2179 	case KEY_ED25519:
2180 		if ((ret = sshbuf_get_string(b, &pk, &len)) != 0)
2181 			goto out;
2182 		if (len != ED25519_PK_SZ) {
2183 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2184 			goto out;
2185 		}
2186 		if ((key = sshkey_new(type)) == NULL) {
2187 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2188 			goto out;
2189 		}
2190 		key->ed25519_pk = pk;
2191 		pk = NULL;
2192 		break;
2193 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
2194 	case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
2195 		/* Skip nonce */
2196 		if (sshbuf_get_string_direct(b, NULL, NULL) != 0) {
2197 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2198 			goto out;
2199 		}
2200 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
2201 	case KEY_XMSS:
2202 		if ((ret = sshbuf_get_cstring(b, &xmss_name, NULL)) != 0)
2203 			goto out;
2204 		if ((key = sshkey_new(type)) == NULL) {
2205 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2206 			goto out;
2207 		}
2208 		if ((ret = sshkey_xmss_init(key, xmss_name)) != 0)
2209 			goto out;
2210 		if ((ret = sshbuf_get_string(b, &pk, &len)) != 0)
2211 			goto out;
2212 		if (len == 0 || len != sshkey_xmss_pklen(key)) {
2213 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2214 			goto out;
2215 		}
2216 		key->xmss_pk = pk;
2217 		pk = NULL;
2218 		if (type != KEY_XMSS_CERT &&
2219 		    (ret = sshkey_xmss_deserialize_pk_info(key, b)) != 0)
2220 			goto out;
2221 		break;
2222 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
2223 	case KEY_UNSPEC:
2224 	default:
2225 		ret = SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
2226 		goto out;
2227 	}
2228 
2229 	/* Parse certificate potion */
2230 	if (sshkey_is_cert(key) && (ret = cert_parse(b, key, copy)) != 0)
2231 		goto out;
2232 
2233 	if (key != NULL && sshbuf_len(b) != 0) {
2234 		ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2235 		goto out;
2236 	}
2237 	ret = 0;
2238 	if (keyp != NULL) {
2239 		*keyp = key;
2240 		key = NULL;
2241 	}
2242  out:
2243 	sshbuf_free(copy);
2244 	sshkey_free(key);
2245 	free(xmss_name);
2246 	free(ktype);
2247 	free(curve);
2248 	free(pk);
2249 #if defined(WITH_OPENSSL)
2250 	BN_clear_free(rsa_n);
2251 	BN_clear_free(rsa_e);
2252 	BN_clear_free(dsa_p);
2253 	BN_clear_free(dsa_q);
2254 	BN_clear_free(dsa_g);
2255 	BN_clear_free(dsa_pub_key);
2256 # if defined(OPENSSL_HAS_ECC)
2257 	EC_POINT_free(q);
2258 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
2259 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2260 	return ret;
2261 }
2262 
2263 int
2264 sshkey_from_blob(const u_char *blob, size_t blen, struct sshkey **keyp)
2265 {
2266 	struct sshbuf *b;
2267 	int r;
2268 
2269 	if ((b = sshbuf_from(blob, blen)) == NULL)
2270 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2271 	r = sshkey_from_blob_internal(b, keyp, 1);
2272 	sshbuf_free(b);
2273 	return r;
2274 }
2275 
2276 int
2277 sshkey_fromb(struct sshbuf *b, struct sshkey **keyp)
2278 {
2279 	return sshkey_from_blob_internal(b, keyp, 1);
2280 }
2281 
2282 int
2283 sshkey_froms(struct sshbuf *buf, struct sshkey **keyp)
2284 {
2285 	struct sshbuf *b;
2286 	int r;
2287 
2288 	if ((r = sshbuf_froms(buf, &b)) != 0)
2289 		return r;
2290 	r = sshkey_from_blob_internal(b, keyp, 1);
2291 	sshbuf_free(b);
2292 	return r;
2293 }
2294 
2295 static int
2296 get_sigtype(const u_char *sig, size_t siglen, char **sigtypep)
2297 {
2298 	int r;
2299 	struct sshbuf *b = NULL;
2300 	char *sigtype = NULL;
2301 
2302 	if (sigtypep != NULL)
2303 		*sigtypep = NULL;
2304 	if ((b = sshbuf_from(sig, siglen)) == NULL)
2305 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2306 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_cstring(b, &sigtype, NULL)) != 0)
2307 		goto out;
2308 	/* success */
2309 	if (sigtypep != NULL) {
2310 		*sigtypep = sigtype;
2311 		sigtype = NULL;
2312 	}
2313 	r = 0;
2314  out:
2315 	free(sigtype);
2316 	sshbuf_free(b);
2317 	return r;
2318 }
2319 
2320 /*
2321  * Returns the expected signature algorithm for a given public key algorithm.
2322  */
2323 const char *
2324 sshkey_sigalg_by_name(const char *name)
2325 {
2326 	const struct keytype *kt;
2327 
2328 	for (kt = keytypes; kt->type != -1; kt++) {
2329 		if (strcmp(kt->name, name) != 0)
2330 			continue;
2331 		if (kt->sigalg != NULL)
2332 			return kt->sigalg;
2333 		if (!kt->cert)
2334 			return kt->name;
2335 		return sshkey_ssh_name_from_type_nid(
2336 		    sshkey_type_plain(kt->type), kt->nid);
2337 	}
2338 	return NULL;
2339 }
2340 
2341 /*
2342  * Verifies that the signature algorithm appearing inside the signature blob
2343  * matches that which was requested.
2344  */
2345 int
2346 sshkey_check_sigtype(const u_char *sig, size_t siglen,
2347     const char *requested_alg)
2348 {
2349 	const char *expected_alg;
2350 	char *sigtype = NULL;
2351 	int r;
2352 
2353 	if (requested_alg == NULL)
2354 		return 0;
2355 	if ((expected_alg = sshkey_sigalg_by_name(requested_alg)) == NULL)
2356 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2357 	if ((r = get_sigtype(sig, siglen, &sigtype)) != 0)
2358 		return r;
2359 	r = strcmp(expected_alg, sigtype) == 0;
2360 	free(sigtype);
2361 	return r ? 0 : SSH_ERR_SIGN_ALG_UNSUPPORTED;
2362 }
2363 
2364 int
2365 sshkey_sign(const struct sshkey *key,
2366     u_char **sigp, size_t *lenp,
2367     const u_char *data, size_t datalen, const char *alg, u_int compat)
2368 {
2369 	if (sigp != NULL)
2370 		*sigp = NULL;
2371 	if (lenp != NULL)
2372 		*lenp = 0;
2373 	if (datalen > SSH_KEY_MAX_SIGN_DATA_SIZE)
2374 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2375 	switch (key->type) {
2376 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
2377 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
2378 	case KEY_DSA:
2379 		return ssh_dss_sign(key, sigp, lenp, data, datalen, compat);
2380 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
2381 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
2382 	case KEY_ECDSA:
2383 		return ssh_ecdsa_sign(key, sigp, lenp, data, datalen, compat);
2384 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
2385 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
2386 	case KEY_RSA:
2387 		return ssh_rsa_sign(key, sigp, lenp, data, datalen, alg);
2388 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2389 	case KEY_ED25519:
2390 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
2391 		return ssh_ed25519_sign(key, sigp, lenp, data, datalen, compat);
2392 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
2393 	case KEY_XMSS:
2394 	case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
2395 		return ssh_xmss_sign(key, sigp, lenp, data, datalen, compat);
2396 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
2397 	default:
2398 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
2399 	}
2400 }
2401 
2402 /*
2403  * ssh_key_verify returns 0 for a correct signature  and < 0 on error.
2404  * If "alg" specified, then the signature must use that algorithm.
2405  */
2406 int
2407 sshkey_verify(const struct sshkey *key,
2408     const u_char *sig, size_t siglen,
2409     const u_char *data, size_t dlen, const char *alg, u_int compat)
2410 {
2411 	if (siglen == 0 || dlen > SSH_KEY_MAX_SIGN_DATA_SIZE)
2412 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2413 	switch (key->type) {
2414 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
2415 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
2416 	case KEY_DSA:
2417 		return ssh_dss_verify(key, sig, siglen, data, dlen, compat);
2418 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
2419 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
2420 	case KEY_ECDSA:
2421 		return ssh_ecdsa_verify(key, sig, siglen, data, dlen, compat);
2422 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
2423 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
2424 	case KEY_RSA:
2425 		return ssh_rsa_verify(key, sig, siglen, data, dlen, alg);
2426 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2427 	case KEY_ED25519:
2428 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
2429 		return ssh_ed25519_verify(key, sig, siglen, data, dlen, compat);
2430 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
2431 	case KEY_XMSS:
2432 	case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
2433 		return ssh_xmss_verify(key, sig, siglen, data, dlen, compat);
2434 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
2435 	default:
2436 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
2437 	}
2438 }
2439 
2440 /* Convert a plain key to their _CERT equivalent */
2441 int
2442 sshkey_to_certified(struct sshkey *k)
2443 {
2444 	int newtype;
2445 
2446 	switch (k->type) {
2447 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
2448 	case KEY_RSA:
2449 		newtype = KEY_RSA_CERT;
2450 		break;
2451 	case KEY_DSA:
2452 		newtype = KEY_DSA_CERT;
2453 		break;
2454 	case KEY_ECDSA:
2455 		newtype = KEY_ECDSA_CERT;
2456 		break;
2457 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2458 	case KEY_ED25519:
2459 		newtype = KEY_ED25519_CERT;
2460 		break;
2461 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
2462 	case KEY_XMSS:
2463 		newtype = KEY_XMSS_CERT;
2464 		break;
2465 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
2466 	default:
2467 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2468 	}
2469 	if ((k->cert = cert_new()) == NULL)
2470 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2471 	k->type = newtype;
2472 	return 0;
2473 }
2474 
2475 /* Convert a certificate to its raw key equivalent */
2476 int
2477 sshkey_drop_cert(struct sshkey *k)
2478 {
2479 	if (!sshkey_type_is_cert(k->type))
2480 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
2481 	cert_free(k->cert);
2482 	k->cert = NULL;
2483 	k->type = sshkey_type_plain(k->type);
2484 	return 0;
2485 }
2486 
2487 /* Sign a certified key, (re-)generating the signed certblob. */
2488 int
2489 sshkey_certify_custom(struct sshkey *k, struct sshkey *ca, const char *alg,
2490     sshkey_certify_signer *signer, void *signer_ctx)
2491 {
2492 	struct sshbuf *principals = NULL;
2493 	u_char *ca_blob = NULL, *sig_blob = NULL, nonce[32];
2494 	size_t i, ca_len, sig_len;
2495 	int ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
2496 	struct sshbuf *cert;
2497 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
2498 	const BIGNUM *rsa_n, *rsa_e, *dsa_p, *dsa_q, *dsa_g, *dsa_pub_key;
2499 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2500 
2501 	if (k == NULL || k->cert == NULL ||
2502 	    k->cert->certblob == NULL || ca == NULL)
2503 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2504 	if (!sshkey_is_cert(k))
2505 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
2506 	if (!sshkey_type_is_valid_ca(ca->type))
2507 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID_SIGN_KEY;
2508 
2509 	if ((ret = sshkey_to_blob(ca, &ca_blob, &ca_len)) != 0)
2510 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID_SIGN_KEY;
2511 
2512 	cert = k->cert->certblob; /* for readability */
2513 	sshbuf_reset(cert);
2514 	if ((ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(cert, sshkey_ssh_name(k))) != 0)
2515 		goto out;
2516 
2517 	/* -v01 certs put nonce first */
2518 	arc4random_buf(&nonce, sizeof(nonce));
2519 	if ((ret = sshbuf_put_string(cert, nonce, sizeof(nonce))) != 0)
2520 		goto out;
2521 
2522 	/* XXX this substantially duplicates to_blob(); refactor */
2523 	switch (k->type) {
2524 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
2525 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
2526 		DSA_get0_pqg(k->dsa, &dsa_p, &dsa_q, &dsa_g);
2527 		DSA_get0_key(k->dsa, &dsa_pub_key, NULL);
2528 		if ((ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(cert, dsa_p)) != 0 ||
2529 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(cert, dsa_q)) != 0 ||
2530 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(cert, dsa_g)) != 0 ||
2531 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(cert, dsa_pub_key)) != 0)
2532 			goto out;
2533 		break;
2534 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
2535 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
2536 		if ((ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(cert,
2537 		    sshkey_curve_nid_to_name(k->ecdsa_nid))) != 0 ||
2538 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_ec(cert,
2539 		    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(k->ecdsa),
2540 		    EC_KEY_get0_group(k->ecdsa))) != 0)
2541 			goto out;
2542 		break;
2543 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
2544 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
2545 		RSA_get0_key(k->rsa, &rsa_n, &rsa_e, NULL);
2546 		if ((ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(cert, rsa_e)) != 0 ||
2547 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(cert, rsa_n)) != 0)
2548 			goto out;
2549 		break;
2550 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2551 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
2552 		if ((ret = sshbuf_put_string(cert,
2553 		    k->ed25519_pk, ED25519_PK_SZ)) != 0)
2554 			goto out;
2555 		break;
2556 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
2557 	case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
2558 		if (k->xmss_name == NULL) {
2559 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2560 			goto out;
2561 		}
2562 		if ((ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(cert, k->xmss_name)) ||
2563 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_string(cert,
2564 		    k->xmss_pk, sshkey_xmss_pklen(k))) != 0)
2565 			goto out;
2566 		break;
2567 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
2568 	default:
2569 		ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2570 		goto out;
2571 	}
2572 
2573 	if ((ret = sshbuf_put_u64(cert, k->cert->serial)) != 0 ||
2574 	    (ret = sshbuf_put_u32(cert, k->cert->type)) != 0 ||
2575 	    (ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(cert, k->cert->key_id)) != 0)
2576 		goto out;
2577 
2578 	if ((principals = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) {
2579 		ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2580 		goto out;
2581 	}
2582 	for (i = 0; i < k->cert->nprincipals; i++) {
2583 		if ((ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(principals,
2584 		    k->cert->principals[i])) != 0)
2585 			goto out;
2586 	}
2587 	if ((ret = sshbuf_put_stringb(cert, principals)) != 0 ||
2588 	    (ret = sshbuf_put_u64(cert, k->cert->valid_after)) != 0 ||
2589 	    (ret = sshbuf_put_u64(cert, k->cert->valid_before)) != 0 ||
2590 	    (ret = sshbuf_put_stringb(cert, k->cert->critical)) != 0 ||
2591 	    (ret = sshbuf_put_stringb(cert, k->cert->extensions)) != 0 ||
2592 	    (ret = sshbuf_put_string(cert, NULL, 0)) != 0 || /* Reserved */
2593 	    (ret = sshbuf_put_string(cert, ca_blob, ca_len)) != 0)
2594 		goto out;
2595 
2596 	/* Sign the whole mess */
2597 	if ((ret = signer(ca, &sig_blob, &sig_len, sshbuf_ptr(cert),
2598 	    sshbuf_len(cert), alg, 0, signer_ctx)) != 0)
2599 		goto out;
2600 
2601 	/* Append signature and we are done */
2602 	if ((ret = sshbuf_put_string(cert, sig_blob, sig_len)) != 0)
2603 		goto out;
2604 	ret = 0;
2605  out:
2606 	if (ret != 0)
2607 		sshbuf_reset(cert);
2608 	free(sig_blob);
2609 	free(ca_blob);
2610 	sshbuf_free(principals);
2611 	return ret;
2612 }
2613 
2614 static int
2615 default_key_sign(const struct sshkey *key, u_char **sigp, size_t *lenp,
2616     const u_char *data, size_t datalen,
2617     const char *alg, u_int compat, void *ctx)
2618 {
2619 	if (ctx != NULL)
2620 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2621 	return sshkey_sign(key, sigp, lenp, data, datalen, alg, compat);
2622 }
2623 
2624 int
2625 sshkey_certify(struct sshkey *k, struct sshkey *ca, const char *alg)
2626 {
2627 	return sshkey_certify_custom(k, ca, alg, default_key_sign, NULL);
2628 }
2629 
2630 int
2631 sshkey_cert_check_authority(const struct sshkey *k,
2632     int want_host, int require_principal,
2633     const char *name, const char **reason)
2634 {
2635 	u_int i, principal_matches;
2636 	time_t now = time(NULL);
2637 
2638 	if (reason != NULL)
2639 		*reason = NULL;
2640 
2641 	if (want_host) {
2642 		if (k->cert->type != SSH2_CERT_TYPE_HOST) {
2643 			*reason = "Certificate invalid: not a host certificate";
2644 			return SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID;
2645 		}
2646 	} else {
2647 		if (k->cert->type != SSH2_CERT_TYPE_USER) {
2648 			*reason = "Certificate invalid: not a user certificate";
2649 			return SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID;
2650 		}
2651 	}
2652 	if (now < 0) {
2653 		/* yikes - system clock before epoch! */
2654 		*reason = "Certificate invalid: not yet valid";
2655 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID;
2656 	}
2657 	if ((u_int64_t)now < k->cert->valid_after) {
2658 		*reason = "Certificate invalid: not yet valid";
2659 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID;
2660 	}
2661 	if ((u_int64_t)now >= k->cert->valid_before) {
2662 		*reason = "Certificate invalid: expired";
2663 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID;
2664 	}
2665 	if (k->cert->nprincipals == 0) {
2666 		if (require_principal) {
2667 			*reason = "Certificate lacks principal list";
2668 			return SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID;
2669 		}
2670 	} else if (name != NULL) {
2671 		principal_matches = 0;
2672 		for (i = 0; i < k->cert->nprincipals; i++) {
2673 			if (strcmp(name, k->cert->principals[i]) == 0) {
2674 				principal_matches = 1;
2675 				break;
2676 			}
2677 		}
2678 		if (!principal_matches) {
2679 			*reason = "Certificate invalid: name is not a listed "
2680 			    "principal";
2681 			return SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID;
2682 		}
2683 	}
2684 	return 0;
2685 }
2686 
2687 size_t
2688 sshkey_format_cert_validity(const struct sshkey_cert *cert, char *s, size_t l)
2689 {
2690 	char from[32], to[32], ret[64];
2691 	time_t tt;
2692 	struct tm *tm;
2693 
2694 	*from = *to = '\0';
2695 	if (cert->valid_after == 0 &&
2696 	    cert->valid_before == 0xffffffffffffffffULL)
2697 		return strlcpy(s, "forever", l);
2698 
2699 	if (cert->valid_after != 0) {
2700 		/* XXX revisit INT_MAX in 2038 :) */
2701 		tt = cert->valid_after > INT_MAX ?
2702 		    INT_MAX : cert->valid_after;
2703 		tm = localtime(&tt);
2704 		strftime(from, sizeof(from), "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S", tm);
2705 	}
2706 	if (cert->valid_before != 0xffffffffffffffffULL) {
2707 		/* XXX revisit INT_MAX in 2038 :) */
2708 		tt = cert->valid_before > INT_MAX ?
2709 		    INT_MAX : cert->valid_before;
2710 		tm = localtime(&tt);
2711 		strftime(to, sizeof(to), "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S", tm);
2712 	}
2713 
2714 	if (cert->valid_after == 0)
2715 		snprintf(ret, sizeof(ret), "before %s", to);
2716 	else if (cert->valid_before == 0xffffffffffffffffULL)
2717 		snprintf(ret, sizeof(ret), "after %s", from);
2718 	else
2719 		snprintf(ret, sizeof(ret), "from %s to %s", from, to);
2720 
2721 	return strlcpy(s, ret, l);
2722 }
2723 
2724 int
2725 sshkey_private_serialize_opt(const struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *b,
2726     enum sshkey_serialize_rep opts)
2727 {
2728 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
2729 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
2730 	const BIGNUM *rsa_n, *rsa_e, *rsa_d, *rsa_iqmp, *rsa_p, *rsa_q;
2731 	const BIGNUM *dsa_p, *dsa_q, *dsa_g, *dsa_pub_key, *dsa_priv_key;
2732 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2733 
2734 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, sshkey_ssh_name(key))) != 0)
2735 		goto out;
2736 	switch (key->type) {
2737 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
2738 	case KEY_RSA:
2739 		RSA_get0_key(key->rsa, &rsa_n, &rsa_e, &rsa_d);
2740 		RSA_get0_factors(key->rsa, &rsa_p, &rsa_q);
2741 		RSA_get0_crt_params(key->rsa, NULL, NULL, &rsa_iqmp);
2742 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, rsa_n)) != 0 ||
2743 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, rsa_e)) != 0 ||
2744 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, rsa_d)) != 0 ||
2745 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, rsa_iqmp)) != 0 ||
2746 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, rsa_p)) != 0 ||
2747 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, rsa_q)) != 0)
2748 			goto out;
2749 		break;
2750 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
2751 		if (key->cert == NULL || sshbuf_len(key->cert->certblob) == 0) {
2752 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2753 			goto out;
2754 		}
2755 		RSA_get0_key(key->rsa, NULL, NULL, &rsa_d);
2756 		RSA_get0_factors(key->rsa, &rsa_p, &rsa_q);
2757 		RSA_get0_crt_params(key->rsa, NULL, NULL, &rsa_iqmp);
2758 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, key->cert->certblob)) != 0 ||
2759 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, rsa_d)) != 0 ||
2760 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, rsa_iqmp)) != 0 ||
2761 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, rsa_p)) != 0 ||
2762 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, rsa_q)) != 0)
2763 			goto out;
2764 		break;
2765 	case KEY_DSA:
2766 		DSA_get0_pqg(key->dsa, &dsa_p, &dsa_q, &dsa_g);
2767 		DSA_get0_key(key->dsa, &dsa_pub_key, &dsa_priv_key);
2768 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, dsa_p)) != 0 ||
2769 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, dsa_q)) != 0 ||
2770 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, dsa_g)) != 0 ||
2771 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, dsa_pub_key)) != 0 ||
2772 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, dsa_priv_key)) != 0)
2773 			goto out;
2774 		break;
2775 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
2776 		if (key->cert == NULL || sshbuf_len(key->cert->certblob) == 0) {
2777 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2778 			goto out;
2779 		}
2780 		DSA_get0_key(key->dsa, NULL, &dsa_priv_key);
2781 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, key->cert->certblob)) != 0 ||
2782 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, dsa_priv_key)) != 0)
2783 			goto out;
2784 		break;
2785 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
2786 	case KEY_ECDSA:
2787 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b,
2788 		    sshkey_curve_nid_to_name(key->ecdsa_nid))) != 0 ||
2789 		    (r = sshbuf_put_eckey(b, key->ecdsa)) != 0 ||
2790 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b,
2791 		    EC_KEY_get0_private_key(key->ecdsa))) != 0)
2792 			goto out;
2793 		break;
2794 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
2795 		if (key->cert == NULL || sshbuf_len(key->cert->certblob) == 0) {
2796 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2797 			goto out;
2798 		}
2799 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, key->cert->certblob)) != 0 ||
2800 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b,
2801 		    EC_KEY_get0_private_key(key->ecdsa))) != 0)
2802 			goto out;
2803 		break;
2804 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
2805 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2806 	case KEY_ED25519:
2807 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_string(b, key->ed25519_pk,
2808 		    ED25519_PK_SZ)) != 0 ||
2809 		    (r = sshbuf_put_string(b, key->ed25519_sk,
2810 		    ED25519_SK_SZ)) != 0)
2811 			goto out;
2812 		break;
2813 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
2814 		if (key->cert == NULL || sshbuf_len(key->cert->certblob) == 0) {
2815 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2816 			goto out;
2817 		}
2818 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, key->cert->certblob)) != 0 ||
2819 		    (r = sshbuf_put_string(b, key->ed25519_pk,
2820 		    ED25519_PK_SZ)) != 0 ||
2821 		    (r = sshbuf_put_string(b, key->ed25519_sk,
2822 		    ED25519_SK_SZ)) != 0)
2823 			goto out;
2824 		break;
2825 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
2826 	case KEY_XMSS:
2827 		if (key->xmss_name == NULL) {
2828 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2829 			goto out;
2830 		}
2831 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, key->xmss_name)) != 0 ||
2832 		    (r = sshbuf_put_string(b, key->xmss_pk,
2833 		    sshkey_xmss_pklen(key))) != 0 ||
2834 		    (r = sshbuf_put_string(b, key->xmss_sk,
2835 		    sshkey_xmss_sklen(key))) != 0 ||
2836 		    (r = sshkey_xmss_serialize_state_opt(key, b, opts)) != 0)
2837 			goto out;
2838 		break;
2839 	case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
2840 		if (key->cert == NULL || sshbuf_len(key->cert->certblob) == 0 ||
2841 		    key->xmss_name == NULL) {
2842 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2843 			goto out;
2844 		}
2845 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, key->cert->certblob)) != 0 ||
2846 		    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, key->xmss_name)) != 0 ||
2847 		    (r = sshbuf_put_string(b, key->xmss_pk,
2848 		    sshkey_xmss_pklen(key))) != 0 ||
2849 		    (r = sshbuf_put_string(b, key->xmss_sk,
2850 		    sshkey_xmss_sklen(key))) != 0 ||
2851 		    (r = sshkey_xmss_serialize_state_opt(key, b, opts)) != 0)
2852 			goto out;
2853 		break;
2854 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
2855 	default:
2856 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2857 		goto out;
2858 	}
2859 	/* success */
2860 	r = 0;
2861  out:
2862 	return r;
2863 }
2864 
2865 int
2866 sshkey_private_serialize(const struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *b)
2867 {
2868 	return sshkey_private_serialize_opt(key, b,
2869 	    SSHKEY_SERIALIZE_DEFAULT);
2870 }
2871 
2872 int
2873 sshkey_private_deserialize(struct sshbuf *buf, struct sshkey **kp)
2874 {
2875 	char *tname = NULL, *curve = NULL, *xmss_name = NULL;
2876 	struct sshkey *k = NULL;
2877 	size_t pklen = 0, sklen = 0;
2878 	int type, r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
2879 	u_char *ed25519_pk = NULL, *ed25519_sk = NULL;
2880 	u_char *xmss_pk = NULL, *xmss_sk = NULL;
2881 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
2882 	BIGNUM *exponent = NULL;
2883 	BIGNUM *rsa_n = NULL, *rsa_e = NULL, *rsa_d = NULL;
2884 	BIGNUM *rsa_iqmp = NULL, *rsa_p = NULL, *rsa_q = NULL;
2885 	BIGNUM *dsa_p = NULL, *dsa_q = NULL, *dsa_g = NULL;
2886 	BIGNUM *dsa_pub_key = NULL, *dsa_priv_key = NULL;
2887 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2888 
2889 	if (kp != NULL)
2890 		*kp = NULL;
2891 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_cstring(buf, &tname, NULL)) != 0)
2892 		goto out;
2893 	type = sshkey_type_from_name(tname);
2894 	switch (type) {
2895 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
2896 	case KEY_DSA:
2897 		if ((k = sshkey_new_private(type)) == NULL) {
2898 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2899 			goto out;
2900 		}
2901 		if ((dsa_p = BN_new()) == NULL ||
2902 		    (dsa_q = BN_new()) == NULL ||
2903 		    (dsa_g = BN_new()) == NULL ||
2904 		    (dsa_pub_key = BN_new()) == NULL ||
2905 		    (dsa_priv_key = BN_new()) == NULL) {
2906 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2907 			goto out;
2908 		}
2909 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, dsa_p)) != 0 ||
2910 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, dsa_q)) != 0 ||
2911 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, dsa_g)) != 0 ||
2912 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, dsa_pub_key)) != 0 ||
2913 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, dsa_priv_key)) != 0)
2914 			goto out;
2915 		if (!DSA_set0_pqg(k->dsa, dsa_p, dsa_q, dsa_g)) {
2916 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
2917 			goto out;
2918 		}
2919 		dsa_p = dsa_q = dsa_g = NULL; /* transferred */
2920 		if (!DSA_set0_key(k->dsa, dsa_pub_key, dsa_priv_key)) {
2921 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
2922 			goto out;
2923 		}
2924 		dsa_pub_key = dsa_priv_key = NULL; /* transferred */
2925 		break;
2926 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
2927 		if ((dsa_priv_key = BN_new()) == NULL) {
2928 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2929 			goto out;
2930 		}
2931 		if ((r = sshkey_froms(buf, &k)) != 0 ||
2932 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, dsa_priv_key)) != 0)
2933 			goto out;
2934 		if (!DSA_set0_key(k->dsa, NULL, dsa_priv_key)) {
2935 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
2936 			goto out;
2937 		}
2938 		dsa_priv_key = NULL; /* transferred */
2939 		break;
2940 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
2941 	case KEY_ECDSA:
2942 		if ((k = sshkey_new_private(type)) == NULL) {
2943 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2944 			goto out;
2945 		}
2946 		if ((k->ecdsa_nid = sshkey_ecdsa_nid_from_name(tname)) == -1) {
2947 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2948 			goto out;
2949 		}
2950 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_cstring(buf, &curve, NULL)) != 0)
2951 			goto out;
2952 		if (k->ecdsa_nid != sshkey_curve_name_to_nid(curve)) {
2953 			r = SSH_ERR_EC_CURVE_MISMATCH;
2954 			goto out;
2955 		}
2956 		k->ecdsa = EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name(k->ecdsa_nid);
2957 		if (k->ecdsa  == NULL || (exponent = BN_new()) == NULL) {
2958 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
2959 			goto out;
2960 		}
2961 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_eckey(buf, k->ecdsa)) != 0 ||
2962 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, exponent)))
2963 			goto out;
2964 		if (EC_KEY_set_private_key(k->ecdsa, exponent) != 1) {
2965 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
2966 			goto out;
2967 		}
2968 		if ((r = sshkey_ec_validate_public(EC_KEY_get0_group(k->ecdsa),
2969 		    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(k->ecdsa))) != 0 ||
2970 		    (r = sshkey_ec_validate_private(k->ecdsa)) != 0)
2971 			goto out;
2972 		break;
2973 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
2974 		if ((exponent = BN_new()) == NULL) {
2975 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
2976 			goto out;
2977 		}
2978 		if ((r = sshkey_froms(buf, &k)) != 0 ||
2979 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, exponent)) != 0)
2980 			goto out;
2981 		if (EC_KEY_set_private_key(k->ecdsa, exponent) != 1) {
2982 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
2983 			goto out;
2984 		}
2985 		if ((r = sshkey_ec_validate_public(EC_KEY_get0_group(k->ecdsa),
2986 		    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(k->ecdsa))) != 0 ||
2987 		    (r = sshkey_ec_validate_private(k->ecdsa)) != 0)
2988 			goto out;
2989 		break;
2990 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
2991 	case KEY_RSA:
2992 		if ((k = sshkey_new_private(type)) == NULL) {
2993 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2994 			goto out;
2995 		}
2996 		if ((rsa_n = BN_new()) == NULL ||
2997 		    (rsa_e = BN_new()) == NULL ||
2998 		    (rsa_d = BN_new()) == NULL ||
2999 		    (rsa_iqmp = BN_new()) == NULL ||
3000 		    (rsa_p = BN_new()) == NULL ||
3001 		    (rsa_q = BN_new()) == NULL) {
3002 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3003 			goto out;
3004 		}
3005 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, rsa_n)) != 0 ||
3006 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, rsa_e)) != 0 ||
3007 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, rsa_d)) != 0 ||
3008 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, rsa_iqmp)) != 0 ||
3009 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, rsa_p)) != 0 ||
3010 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, rsa_q)) != 0)
3011 			goto out;
3012 		if (!RSA_set0_key(k->rsa, rsa_n, rsa_e, rsa_d)) {
3013 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
3014 			goto out;
3015 		}
3016 		rsa_n = rsa_e = rsa_d = NULL; /* transferred */
3017 		if (!RSA_set0_factors(k->rsa, rsa_p, rsa_q)) {
3018 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
3019 			goto out;
3020 		}
3021 		rsa_p = rsa_q = NULL; /* transferred */
3022 		if ((r = check_rsa_length(k->rsa)) != 0)
3023 			goto out;
3024 		if ((r = ssh_rsa_complete_crt_parameters(k, rsa_iqmp)) != 0)
3025 			goto out;
3026 		break;
3027 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
3028 		if ((rsa_d = BN_new()) == NULL ||
3029 		    (rsa_iqmp = BN_new()) == NULL ||
3030 		    (rsa_p = BN_new()) == NULL ||
3031 		    (rsa_q = BN_new()) == NULL) {
3032 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3033 			goto out;
3034 		}
3035 		if ((r = sshkey_froms(buf, &k)) != 0 ||
3036 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, rsa_d)) != 0 ||
3037 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, rsa_iqmp)) != 0 ||
3038 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, rsa_p)) != 0 ||
3039 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, rsa_q)) != 0)
3040 			goto out;
3041 		if (!RSA_set0_key(k->rsa, NULL, NULL, rsa_d)) {
3042 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
3043 			goto out;
3044 		}
3045 		rsa_d = NULL; /* transferred */
3046 		if (!RSA_set0_factors(k->rsa, rsa_p, rsa_q)) {
3047 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
3048 			goto out;
3049 		}
3050 		rsa_p = rsa_q = NULL; /* transferred */
3051 		if ((r = check_rsa_length(k->rsa)) != 0)
3052 			goto out;
3053 		if ((r = ssh_rsa_complete_crt_parameters(k, rsa_iqmp)) != 0)
3054 			goto out;
3055 		break;
3056 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
3057 	case KEY_ED25519:
3058 		if ((k = sshkey_new_private(type)) == NULL) {
3059 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3060 			goto out;
3061 		}
3062 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_string(buf, &ed25519_pk, &pklen)) != 0 ||
3063 		    (r = sshbuf_get_string(buf, &ed25519_sk, &sklen)) != 0)
3064 			goto out;
3065 		if (pklen != ED25519_PK_SZ || sklen != ED25519_SK_SZ) {
3066 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3067 			goto out;
3068 		}
3069 		k->ed25519_pk = ed25519_pk;
3070 		k->ed25519_sk = ed25519_sk;
3071 		ed25519_pk = ed25519_sk = NULL;
3072 		break;
3073 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
3074 		if ((r = sshkey_froms(buf, &k)) != 0 ||
3075 		    (r = sshbuf_get_string(buf, &ed25519_pk, &pklen)) != 0 ||
3076 		    (r = sshbuf_get_string(buf, &ed25519_sk, &sklen)) != 0)
3077 			goto out;
3078 		if (pklen != ED25519_PK_SZ || sklen != ED25519_SK_SZ) {
3079 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3080 			goto out;
3081 		}
3082 		k->ed25519_pk = ed25519_pk;
3083 		k->ed25519_sk = ed25519_sk;
3084 		ed25519_pk = ed25519_sk = NULL;
3085 		break;
3086 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
3087 	case KEY_XMSS:
3088 		if ((k = sshkey_new_private(type)) == NULL) {
3089 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3090 			goto out;
3091 		}
3092 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_cstring(buf, &xmss_name, NULL)) != 0 ||
3093 		    (r = sshkey_xmss_init(k, xmss_name)) != 0 ||
3094 		    (r = sshbuf_get_string(buf, &xmss_pk, &pklen)) != 0 ||
3095 		    (r = sshbuf_get_string(buf, &xmss_sk, &sklen)) != 0)
3096 			goto out;
3097 		if (pklen != sshkey_xmss_pklen(k) ||
3098 		    sklen != sshkey_xmss_sklen(k)) {
3099 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3100 			goto out;
3101 		}
3102 		k->xmss_pk = xmss_pk;
3103 		k->xmss_sk = xmss_sk;
3104 		xmss_pk = xmss_sk = NULL;
3105 		/* optional internal state */
3106 		if ((r = sshkey_xmss_deserialize_state_opt(k, buf)) != 0)
3107 			goto out;
3108 		break;
3109 	case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
3110 		if ((r = sshkey_froms(buf, &k)) != 0 ||
3111 		    (r = sshbuf_get_cstring(buf, &xmss_name, NULL)) != 0 ||
3112 		    (r = sshbuf_get_string(buf, &xmss_pk, &pklen)) != 0 ||
3113 		    (r = sshbuf_get_string(buf, &xmss_sk, &sklen)) != 0)
3114 			goto out;
3115 		if (strcmp(xmss_name, k->xmss_name)) {
3116 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3117 			goto out;
3118 		}
3119 		if (pklen != sshkey_xmss_pklen(k) ||
3120 		    sklen != sshkey_xmss_sklen(k)) {
3121 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3122 			goto out;
3123 		}
3124 		k->xmss_pk = xmss_pk;
3125 		k->xmss_sk = xmss_sk;
3126 		xmss_pk = xmss_sk = NULL;
3127 		/* optional internal state */
3128 		if ((r = sshkey_xmss_deserialize_state_opt(k, buf)) != 0)
3129 			goto out;
3130 		break;
3131 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
3132 	default:
3133 		r = SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
3134 		goto out;
3135 	}
3136 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
3137 	/* enable blinding */
3138 	switch (k->type) {
3139 	case KEY_RSA:
3140 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
3141 		if (RSA_blinding_on(k->rsa, NULL) != 1) {
3142 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
3143 			goto out;
3144 		}
3145 		break;
3146 	}
3147 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
3148 	/* success */
3149 	r = 0;
3150 	if (kp != NULL) {
3151 		*kp = k;
3152 		k = NULL;
3153 	}
3154  out:
3155 	free(tname);
3156 	free(curve);
3157 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
3158 	BN_clear_free(exponent);
3159 	BN_clear_free(dsa_p);
3160 	BN_clear_free(dsa_q);
3161 	BN_clear_free(dsa_g);
3162 	BN_clear_free(dsa_pub_key);
3163 	BN_clear_free(dsa_priv_key);
3164 	BN_clear_free(rsa_n);
3165 	BN_clear_free(rsa_e);
3166 	BN_clear_free(rsa_d);
3167 	BN_clear_free(rsa_p);
3168 	BN_clear_free(rsa_q);
3169 	BN_clear_free(rsa_iqmp);
3170 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
3171 	sshkey_free(k);
3172 	freezero(ed25519_pk, pklen);
3173 	freezero(ed25519_sk, sklen);
3174 	free(xmss_name);
3175 	freezero(xmss_pk, pklen);
3176 	freezero(xmss_sk, sklen);
3177 	return r;
3178 }
3179 
3180 #if defined(WITH_OPENSSL) && defined(OPENSSL_HAS_ECC)
3181 int
3182 sshkey_ec_validate_public(const EC_GROUP *group, const EC_POINT *public)
3183 {
3184 	BN_CTX *bnctx;
3185 	EC_POINT *nq = NULL;
3186 	BIGNUM *order, *x, *y, *tmp;
3187 	int ret = SSH_ERR_KEY_INVALID_EC_VALUE;
3188 
3189 	/*
3190 	 * NB. This assumes OpenSSL has already verified that the public
3191 	 * point lies on the curve. This is done by EC_POINT_oct2point()
3192 	 * implicitly calling EC_POINT_is_on_curve(). If this code is ever
3193 	 * reachable with public points not unmarshalled using
3194 	 * EC_POINT_oct2point then the caller will need to explicitly check.
3195 	 */
3196 
3197 	if ((bnctx = BN_CTX_new()) == NULL)
3198 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3199 	BN_CTX_start(bnctx);
3200 
3201 	/*
3202 	 * We shouldn't ever hit this case because bignum_get_ecpoint()
3203 	 * refuses to load GF2m points.
3204 	 */
3205 	if (EC_METHOD_get_field_type(EC_GROUP_method_of(group)) !=
3206 	    NID_X9_62_prime_field)
3207 		goto out;
3208 
3209 	/* Q != infinity */
3210 	if (EC_POINT_is_at_infinity(group, public))
3211 		goto out;
3212 
3213 	if ((x = BN_CTX_get(bnctx)) == NULL ||
3214 	    (y = BN_CTX_get(bnctx)) == NULL ||
3215 	    (order = BN_CTX_get(bnctx)) == NULL ||
3216 	    (tmp = BN_CTX_get(bnctx)) == NULL) {
3217 		ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3218 		goto out;
3219 	}
3220 
3221 	/* log2(x) > log2(order)/2, log2(y) > log2(order)/2 */
3222 	if (EC_GROUP_get_order(group, order, bnctx) != 1 ||
3223 	    EC_POINT_get_affine_coordinates_GFp(group, public,
3224 	    x, y, bnctx) != 1) {
3225 		ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
3226 		goto out;
3227 	}
3228 	if (BN_num_bits(x) <= BN_num_bits(order) / 2 ||
3229 	    BN_num_bits(y) <= BN_num_bits(order) / 2)
3230 		goto out;
3231 
3232 	/* nQ == infinity (n == order of subgroup) */
3233 	if ((nq = EC_POINT_new(group)) == NULL) {
3234 		ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3235 		goto out;
3236 	}
3237 	if (EC_POINT_mul(group, nq, NULL, public, order, bnctx) != 1) {
3238 		ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
3239 		goto out;
3240 	}
3241 	if (EC_POINT_is_at_infinity(group, nq) != 1)
3242 		goto out;
3243 
3244 	/* x < order - 1, y < order - 1 */
3245 	if (!BN_sub(tmp, order, BN_value_one())) {
3246 		ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
3247 		goto out;
3248 	}
3249 	if (BN_cmp(x, tmp) >= 0 || BN_cmp(y, tmp) >= 0)
3250 		goto out;
3251 	ret = 0;
3252  out:
3253 	BN_CTX_free(bnctx);
3254 	EC_POINT_free(nq);
3255 	return ret;
3256 }
3257 
3258 int
3259 sshkey_ec_validate_private(const EC_KEY *key)
3260 {
3261 	BN_CTX *bnctx;
3262 	BIGNUM *order, *tmp;
3263 	int ret = SSH_ERR_KEY_INVALID_EC_VALUE;
3264 
3265 	if ((bnctx = BN_CTX_new()) == NULL)
3266 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3267 	BN_CTX_start(bnctx);
3268 
3269 	if ((order = BN_CTX_get(bnctx)) == NULL ||
3270 	    (tmp = BN_CTX_get(bnctx)) == NULL) {
3271 		ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3272 		goto out;
3273 	}
3274 
3275 	/* log2(private) > log2(order)/2 */
3276 	if (EC_GROUP_get_order(EC_KEY_get0_group(key), order, bnctx) != 1) {
3277 		ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
3278 		goto out;
3279 	}
3280 	if (BN_num_bits(EC_KEY_get0_private_key(key)) <=
3281 	    BN_num_bits(order) / 2)
3282 		goto out;
3283 
3284 	/* private < order - 1 */
3285 	if (!BN_sub(tmp, order, BN_value_one())) {
3286 		ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
3287 		goto out;
3288 	}
3289 	if (BN_cmp(EC_KEY_get0_private_key(key), tmp) >= 0)
3290 		goto out;
3291 	ret = 0;
3292  out:
3293 	BN_CTX_free(bnctx);
3294 	return ret;
3295 }
3296 
3297 void
3298 sshkey_dump_ec_point(const EC_GROUP *group, const EC_POINT *point)
3299 {
3300 	BIGNUM *x, *y;
3301 	BN_CTX *bnctx;
3302 
3303 	if (point == NULL) {
3304 		fputs("point=(NULL)\n", stderr);
3305 		return;
3306 	}
3307 	if ((bnctx = BN_CTX_new()) == NULL) {
3308 		fprintf(stderr, "%s: BN_CTX_new failed\n", __func__);
3309 		return;
3310 	}
3311 	BN_CTX_start(bnctx);
3312 	if ((x = BN_CTX_get(bnctx)) == NULL ||
3313 	    (y = BN_CTX_get(bnctx)) == NULL) {
3314 		fprintf(stderr, "%s: BN_CTX_get failed\n", __func__);
3315 		return;
3316 	}
3317 	if (EC_METHOD_get_field_type(EC_GROUP_method_of(group)) !=
3318 	    NID_X9_62_prime_field) {
3319 		fprintf(stderr, "%s: group is not a prime field\n", __func__);
3320 		return;
3321 	}
3322 	if (EC_POINT_get_affine_coordinates_GFp(group, point, x, y,
3323 	    bnctx) != 1) {
3324 		fprintf(stderr, "%s: EC_POINT_get_affine_coordinates_GFp\n",
3325 		    __func__);
3326 		return;
3327 	}
3328 	fputs("x=", stderr);
3329 	BN_print_fp(stderr, x);
3330 	fputs("\ny=", stderr);
3331 	BN_print_fp(stderr, y);
3332 	fputs("\n", stderr);
3333 	BN_CTX_free(bnctx);
3334 }
3335 
3336 void
3337 sshkey_dump_ec_key(const EC_KEY *key)
3338 {
3339 	const BIGNUM *exponent;
3340 
3341 	sshkey_dump_ec_point(EC_KEY_get0_group(key),
3342 	    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(key));
3343 	fputs("exponent=", stderr);
3344 	if ((exponent = EC_KEY_get0_private_key(key)) == NULL)
3345 		fputs("(NULL)", stderr);
3346 	else
3347 		BN_print_fp(stderr, EC_KEY_get0_private_key(key));
3348 	fputs("\n", stderr);
3349 }
3350 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL && OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
3351 
3352 static int
3353 sshkey_private_to_blob2(const struct sshkey *prv, struct sshbuf *blob,
3354     const char *passphrase, const char *comment, const char *ciphername,
3355     int rounds)
3356 {
3357 	u_char *cp, *key = NULL, *pubkeyblob = NULL;
3358 	u_char salt[SALT_LEN];
3359 	char *b64 = NULL;
3360 	size_t i, pubkeylen, keylen, ivlen, blocksize, authlen;
3361 	u_int check;
3362 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
3363 	struct sshcipher_ctx *ciphercontext = NULL;
3364 	const struct sshcipher *cipher;
3365 	const char *kdfname = KDFNAME;
3366 	struct sshbuf *encoded = NULL, *encrypted = NULL, *kdf = NULL;
3367 
3368 	if (rounds <= 0)
3369 		rounds = DEFAULT_ROUNDS;
3370 	if (passphrase == NULL || !strlen(passphrase)) {
3371 		ciphername = "none";
3372 		kdfname = "none";
3373 	} else if (ciphername == NULL)
3374 		ciphername = DEFAULT_CIPHERNAME;
3375 	if ((cipher = cipher_by_name(ciphername)) == NULL) {
3376 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
3377 		goto out;
3378 	}
3379 
3380 	if ((kdf = sshbuf_new()) == NULL ||
3381 	    (encoded = sshbuf_new()) == NULL ||
3382 	    (encrypted = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) {
3383 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3384 		goto out;
3385 	}
3386 	blocksize = cipher_blocksize(cipher);
3387 	keylen = cipher_keylen(cipher);
3388 	ivlen = cipher_ivlen(cipher);
3389 	authlen = cipher_authlen(cipher);
3390 	if ((key = calloc(1, keylen + ivlen)) == NULL) {
3391 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3392 		goto out;
3393 	}
3394 	if (strcmp(kdfname, "bcrypt") == 0) {
3395 		arc4random_buf(salt, SALT_LEN);
3396 		if (bcrypt_pbkdf(passphrase, strlen(passphrase),
3397 		    salt, SALT_LEN, key, keylen + ivlen, rounds) < 0) {
3398 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
3399 			goto out;
3400 		}
3401 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_string(kdf, salt, SALT_LEN)) != 0 ||
3402 		    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(kdf, rounds)) != 0)
3403 			goto out;
3404 	} else if (strcmp(kdfname, "none") != 0) {
3405 		/* Unsupported KDF type */
3406 		r = SSH_ERR_KEY_UNKNOWN_CIPHER;
3407 		goto out;
3408 	}
3409 	if ((r = cipher_init(&ciphercontext, cipher, key, keylen,
3410 	    key + keylen, ivlen, 1)) != 0)
3411 		goto out;
3412 
3413 	if ((r = sshbuf_put(encoded, AUTH_MAGIC, sizeof(AUTH_MAGIC))) != 0 ||
3414 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(encoded, ciphername)) != 0 ||
3415 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(encoded, kdfname)) != 0 ||
3416 	    (r = sshbuf_put_stringb(encoded, kdf)) != 0 ||
3417 	    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(encoded, 1)) != 0 ||	/* number of keys */
3418 	    (r = sshkey_to_blob(prv, &pubkeyblob, &pubkeylen)) != 0 ||
3419 	    (r = sshbuf_put_string(encoded, pubkeyblob, pubkeylen)) != 0)
3420 		goto out;
3421 
3422 	/* set up the buffer that will be encrypted */
3423 
3424 	/* Random check bytes */
3425 	check = arc4random();
3426 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_u32(encrypted, check)) != 0 ||
3427 	    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(encrypted, check)) != 0)
3428 		goto out;
3429 
3430 	/* append private key and comment*/
3431 	if ((r = sshkey_private_serialize_opt(prv, encrypted,
3432 	     SSHKEY_SERIALIZE_FULL)) != 0 ||
3433 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(encrypted, comment)) != 0)
3434 		goto out;
3435 
3436 	/* padding */
3437 	i = 0;
3438 	while (sshbuf_len(encrypted) % blocksize) {
3439 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(encrypted, ++i & 0xff)) != 0)
3440 			goto out;
3441 	}
3442 
3443 	/* length in destination buffer */
3444 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_u32(encoded, sshbuf_len(encrypted))) != 0)
3445 		goto out;
3446 
3447 	/* encrypt */
3448 	if ((r = sshbuf_reserve(encoded,
3449 	    sshbuf_len(encrypted) + authlen, &cp)) != 0)
3450 		goto out;
3451 	if ((r = cipher_crypt(ciphercontext, 0, cp,
3452 	    sshbuf_ptr(encrypted), sshbuf_len(encrypted), 0, authlen)) != 0)
3453 		goto out;
3454 
3455 	/* uuencode */
3456 	if ((b64 = sshbuf_dtob64(encoded)) == NULL) {
3457 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3458 		goto out;
3459 	}
3460 
3461 	sshbuf_reset(blob);
3462 	if ((r = sshbuf_put(blob, MARK_BEGIN, MARK_BEGIN_LEN)) != 0)
3463 		goto out;
3464 	for (i = 0; i < strlen(b64); i++) {
3465 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(blob, b64[i])) != 0)
3466 			goto out;
3467 		/* insert line breaks */
3468 		if (i % 70 == 69 && (r = sshbuf_put_u8(blob, '\n')) != 0)
3469 			goto out;
3470 	}
3471 	if (i % 70 != 69 && (r = sshbuf_put_u8(blob, '\n')) != 0)
3472 		goto out;
3473 	if ((r = sshbuf_put(blob, MARK_END, MARK_END_LEN)) != 0)
3474 		goto out;
3475 
3476 	/* success */
3477 	r = 0;
3478 
3479  out:
3480 	sshbuf_free(kdf);
3481 	sshbuf_free(encoded);
3482 	sshbuf_free(encrypted);
3483 	cipher_free(ciphercontext);
3484 	explicit_bzero(salt, sizeof(salt));
3485 	if (key != NULL) {
3486 		explicit_bzero(key, keylen + ivlen);
3487 		free(key);
3488 	}
3489 	if (pubkeyblob != NULL) {
3490 		explicit_bzero(pubkeyblob, pubkeylen);
3491 		free(pubkeyblob);
3492 	}
3493 	if (b64 != NULL) {
3494 		explicit_bzero(b64, strlen(b64));
3495 		free(b64);
3496 	}
3497 	return r;
3498 }
3499 
3500 static int
3501 sshkey_parse_private2(struct sshbuf *blob, int type, const char *passphrase,
3502     struct sshkey **keyp, char **commentp)
3503 {
3504 	char *comment = NULL, *ciphername = NULL, *kdfname = NULL;
3505 	const struct sshcipher *cipher = NULL;
3506 	const u_char *cp;
3507 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
3508 	size_t encoded_len;
3509 	size_t i, keylen = 0, ivlen = 0, authlen = 0, slen = 0;
3510 	struct sshbuf *encoded = NULL, *decoded = NULL;
3511 	struct sshbuf *kdf = NULL, *decrypted = NULL;
3512 	struct sshcipher_ctx *ciphercontext = NULL;
3513 	struct sshkey *k = NULL;
3514 	u_char *key = NULL, *salt = NULL, *dp, pad, last;
3515 	u_int blocksize, rounds, nkeys, encrypted_len, check1, check2;
3516 
3517 	if (keyp != NULL)
3518 		*keyp = NULL;
3519 	if (commentp != NULL)
3520 		*commentp = NULL;
3521 
3522 	if ((encoded = sshbuf_new()) == NULL ||
3523 	    (decoded = sshbuf_new()) == NULL ||
3524 	    (decrypted = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) {
3525 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3526 		goto out;
3527 	}
3528 
3529 	/* check preamble */
3530 	cp = sshbuf_ptr(blob);
3531 	encoded_len = sshbuf_len(blob);
3532 	if (encoded_len < (MARK_BEGIN_LEN + MARK_END_LEN) ||
3533 	    memcmp(cp, MARK_BEGIN, MARK_BEGIN_LEN) != 0) {
3534 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3535 		goto out;
3536 	}
3537 	cp += MARK_BEGIN_LEN;
3538 	encoded_len -= MARK_BEGIN_LEN;
3539 
3540 	/* Look for end marker, removing whitespace as we go */
3541 	while (encoded_len > 0) {
3542 		if (*cp != '\n' && *cp != '\r') {
3543 			if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(encoded, *cp)) != 0)
3544 				goto out;
3545 		}
3546 		last = *cp;
3547 		encoded_len--;
3548 		cp++;
3549 		if (last == '\n') {
3550 			if (encoded_len >= MARK_END_LEN &&
3551 			    memcmp(cp, MARK_END, MARK_END_LEN) == 0) {
3552 				/* \0 terminate */
3553 				if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(encoded, 0)) != 0)
3554 					goto out;
3555 				break;
3556 			}
3557 		}
3558 	}
3559 	if (encoded_len == 0) {
3560 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3561 		goto out;
3562 	}
3563 
3564 	/* decode base64 */
3565 	if ((r = sshbuf_b64tod(decoded, (char *)sshbuf_ptr(encoded))) != 0)
3566 		goto out;
3567 
3568 	/* check magic */
3569 	if (sshbuf_len(decoded) < sizeof(AUTH_MAGIC) ||
3570 	    memcmp(sshbuf_ptr(decoded), AUTH_MAGIC, sizeof(AUTH_MAGIC))) {
3571 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3572 		goto out;
3573 	}
3574 	/* parse public portion of key */
3575 	if ((r = sshbuf_consume(decoded, sizeof(AUTH_MAGIC))) != 0 ||
3576 	    (r = sshbuf_get_cstring(decoded, &ciphername, NULL)) != 0 ||
3577 	    (r = sshbuf_get_cstring(decoded, &kdfname, NULL)) != 0 ||
3578 	    (r = sshbuf_froms(decoded, &kdf)) != 0 ||
3579 	    (r = sshbuf_get_u32(decoded, &nkeys)) != 0 ||
3580 	    (r = sshbuf_skip_string(decoded)) != 0 || /* pubkey */
3581 	    (r = sshbuf_get_u32(decoded, &encrypted_len)) != 0)
3582 		goto out;
3583 
3584 	if ((cipher = cipher_by_name(ciphername)) == NULL) {
3585 		r = SSH_ERR_KEY_UNKNOWN_CIPHER;
3586 		goto out;
3587 	}
3588 	if ((passphrase == NULL || strlen(passphrase) == 0) &&
3589 	    strcmp(ciphername, "none") != 0) {
3590 		/* passphrase required */
3591 		r = SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE;
3592 		goto out;
3593 	}
3594 	if (strcmp(kdfname, "none") != 0 && strcmp(kdfname, "bcrypt") != 0) {
3595 		r = SSH_ERR_KEY_UNKNOWN_CIPHER;
3596 		goto out;
3597 	}
3598 	if (!strcmp(kdfname, "none") && strcmp(ciphername, "none") != 0) {
3599 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3600 		goto out;
3601 	}
3602 	if (nkeys != 1) {
3603 		/* XXX only one key supported */
3604 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3605 		goto out;
3606 	}
3607 
3608 	/* check size of encrypted key blob */
3609 	blocksize = cipher_blocksize(cipher);
3610 	if (encrypted_len < blocksize || (encrypted_len % blocksize) != 0) {
3611 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3612 		goto out;
3613 	}
3614 
3615 	/* setup key */
3616 	keylen = cipher_keylen(cipher);
3617 	ivlen = cipher_ivlen(cipher);
3618 	authlen = cipher_authlen(cipher);
3619 	if ((key = calloc(1, keylen + ivlen)) == NULL) {
3620 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3621 		goto out;
3622 	}
3623 	if (strcmp(kdfname, "bcrypt") == 0) {
3624 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_string(kdf, &salt, &slen)) != 0 ||
3625 		    (r = sshbuf_get_u32(kdf, &rounds)) != 0)
3626 			goto out;
3627 		if (bcrypt_pbkdf(passphrase, strlen(passphrase), salt, slen,
3628 		    key, keylen + ivlen, rounds) < 0) {
3629 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3630 			goto out;
3631 		}
3632 	}
3633 
3634 	/* check that an appropriate amount of auth data is present */
3635 	if (sshbuf_len(decoded) < encrypted_len + authlen) {
3636 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3637 		goto out;
3638 	}
3639 
3640 	/* decrypt private portion of key */
3641 	if ((r = sshbuf_reserve(decrypted, encrypted_len, &dp)) != 0 ||
3642 	    (r = cipher_init(&ciphercontext, cipher, key, keylen,
3643 	    key + keylen, ivlen, 0)) != 0)
3644 		goto out;
3645 	if ((r = cipher_crypt(ciphercontext, 0, dp, sshbuf_ptr(decoded),
3646 	    encrypted_len, 0, authlen)) != 0) {
3647 		/* an integrity error here indicates an incorrect passphrase */
3648 		if (r == SSH_ERR_MAC_INVALID)
3649 			r = SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE;
3650 		goto out;
3651 	}
3652 	if ((r = sshbuf_consume(decoded, encrypted_len + authlen)) != 0)
3653 		goto out;
3654 	/* there should be no trailing data */
3655 	if (sshbuf_len(decoded) != 0) {
3656 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3657 		goto out;
3658 	}
3659 
3660 	/* check check bytes */
3661 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(decrypted, &check1)) != 0 ||
3662 	    (r = sshbuf_get_u32(decrypted, &check2)) != 0)
3663 		goto out;
3664 	if (check1 != check2) {
3665 		r = SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE;
3666 		goto out;
3667 	}
3668 
3669 	/* Load the private key and comment */
3670 	if ((r = sshkey_private_deserialize(decrypted, &k)) != 0 ||
3671 	    (r = sshbuf_get_cstring(decrypted, &comment, NULL)) != 0)
3672 		goto out;
3673 
3674 	/* Check deterministic padding */
3675 	i = 0;
3676 	while (sshbuf_len(decrypted)) {
3677 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(decrypted, &pad)) != 0)
3678 			goto out;
3679 		if (pad != (++i & 0xff)) {
3680 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3681 			goto out;
3682 		}
3683 	}
3684 
3685 	/* XXX decode pubkey and check against private */
3686 
3687 	/* success */
3688 	r = 0;
3689 	if (keyp != NULL) {
3690 		*keyp = k;
3691 		k = NULL;
3692 	}
3693 	if (commentp != NULL) {
3694 		*commentp = comment;
3695 		comment = NULL;
3696 	}
3697  out:
3698 	pad = 0;
3699 	cipher_free(ciphercontext);
3700 	free(ciphername);
3701 	free(kdfname);
3702 	free(comment);
3703 	if (salt != NULL) {
3704 		explicit_bzero(salt, slen);
3705 		free(salt);
3706 	}
3707 	if (key != NULL) {
3708 		explicit_bzero(key, keylen + ivlen);
3709 		free(key);
3710 	}
3711 	sshbuf_free(encoded);
3712 	sshbuf_free(decoded);
3713 	sshbuf_free(kdf);
3714 	sshbuf_free(decrypted);
3715 	sshkey_free(k);
3716 	return r;
3717 }
3718 
3719 
3720 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
3721 /* convert SSH v2 key in OpenSSL PEM format */
3722 static int
3723 sshkey_private_pem_to_blob(struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *blob,
3724     const char *_passphrase, const char *comment)
3725 {
3726 	int success, r;
3727 	int blen, len = strlen(_passphrase);
3728 	u_char *passphrase = (len > 0) ? (u_char *)_passphrase : NULL;
3729 	const EVP_CIPHER *cipher = (len > 0) ? EVP_aes_128_cbc() : NULL;
3730 	char *bptr;
3731 	BIO *bio = NULL;
3732 
3733 	if (len > 0 && len <= 4)
3734 		return SSH_ERR_PASSPHRASE_TOO_SHORT;
3735 	if ((bio = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem())) == NULL)
3736 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3737 
3738 	switch (key->type) {
3739 	case KEY_DSA:
3740 		success = PEM_write_bio_DSAPrivateKey(bio, key->dsa,
3741 		    cipher, passphrase, len, NULL, NULL);
3742 		break;
3743 #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
3744 	case KEY_ECDSA:
3745 		success = PEM_write_bio_ECPrivateKey(bio, key->ecdsa,
3746 		    cipher, passphrase, len, NULL, NULL);
3747 		break;
3748 #endif
3749 	case KEY_RSA:
3750 		success = PEM_write_bio_RSAPrivateKey(bio, key->rsa,
3751 		    cipher, passphrase, len, NULL, NULL);
3752 		break;
3753 	default:
3754 		success = 0;
3755 		break;
3756 	}
3757 	if (success == 0) {
3758 		r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
3759 		goto out;
3760 	}
3761 	if ((blen = BIO_get_mem_data(bio, &bptr)) <= 0) {
3762 		r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
3763 		goto out;
3764 	}
3765 	if ((r = sshbuf_put(blob, bptr, blen)) != 0)
3766 		goto out;
3767 	r = 0;
3768  out:
3769 	BIO_free(bio);
3770 	return r;
3771 }
3772 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
3773 
3774 /* Serialise "key" to buffer "blob" */
3775 int
3776 sshkey_private_to_fileblob(struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *blob,
3777     const char *passphrase, const char *comment,
3778     int force_new_format, const char *new_format_cipher, int new_format_rounds)
3779 {
3780 	switch (key->type) {
3781 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
3782 	case KEY_DSA:
3783 	case KEY_ECDSA:
3784 	case KEY_RSA:
3785 		if (force_new_format) {
3786 			return sshkey_private_to_blob2(key, blob, passphrase,
3787 			    comment, new_format_cipher, new_format_rounds);
3788 		}
3789 		return sshkey_private_pem_to_blob(key, blob,
3790 		    passphrase, comment);
3791 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
3792 	case KEY_ED25519:
3793 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
3794 	case KEY_XMSS:
3795 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
3796 		return sshkey_private_to_blob2(key, blob, passphrase,
3797 		    comment, new_format_cipher, new_format_rounds);
3798 	default:
3799 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
3800 	}
3801 }
3802 
3803 
3804 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
3805 static int
3806 translate_libcrypto_error(unsigned long pem_err)
3807 {
3808 	int pem_reason = ERR_GET_REASON(pem_err);
3809 
3810 	switch (ERR_GET_LIB(pem_err)) {
3811 	case ERR_LIB_PEM:
3812 		switch (pem_reason) {
3813 		case PEM_R_BAD_PASSWORD_READ:
3814 		case PEM_R_PROBLEMS_GETTING_PASSWORD:
3815 		case PEM_R_BAD_DECRYPT:
3816 			return SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE;
3817 		default:
3818 			return SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3819 		}
3820 	case ERR_LIB_EVP:
3821 		switch (pem_reason) {
3822 		case EVP_R_BAD_DECRYPT:
3823 			return SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE;
3824 #ifdef EVP_R_BN_DECODE_ERROR
3825 		case EVP_R_BN_DECODE_ERROR:
3826 #endif
3827 		case EVP_R_DECODE_ERROR:
3828 #ifdef EVP_R_PRIVATE_KEY_DECODE_ERROR
3829 		case EVP_R_PRIVATE_KEY_DECODE_ERROR:
3830 #endif
3831 			return SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3832 		default:
3833 			return SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
3834 		}
3835 	case ERR_LIB_ASN1:
3836 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3837 	}
3838 	return SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
3839 }
3840 
3841 static void
3842 clear_libcrypto_errors(void)
3843 {
3844 	while (ERR_get_error() != 0)
3845 		;
3846 }
3847 
3848 /*
3849  * Translate OpenSSL error codes to determine whether
3850  * passphrase is required/incorrect.
3851  */
3852 static int
3853 convert_libcrypto_error(void)
3854 {
3855 	/*
3856 	 * Some password errors are reported at the beginning
3857 	 * of the error queue.
3858 	 */
3859 	if (translate_libcrypto_error(ERR_peek_error()) ==
3860 	    SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE)
3861 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE;
3862 	return translate_libcrypto_error(ERR_peek_last_error());
3863 }
3864 
3865 static int
3866 sshkey_parse_private_pem_fileblob(struct sshbuf *blob, int type,
3867     const char *passphrase, struct sshkey **keyp)
3868 {
3869 	EVP_PKEY *pk = NULL;
3870 	struct sshkey *prv = NULL;
3871 	BIO *bio = NULL;
3872 	int r;
3873 
3874 	if (keyp != NULL)
3875 		*keyp = NULL;
3876 
3877 	if ((bio = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem())) == NULL || sshbuf_len(blob) > INT_MAX)
3878 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3879 	if (BIO_write(bio, sshbuf_ptr(blob), sshbuf_len(blob)) !=
3880 	    (int)sshbuf_len(blob)) {
3881 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3882 		goto out;
3883 	}
3884 
3885 	clear_libcrypto_errors();
3886 	if ((pk = PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey(bio, NULL, NULL,
3887 	    (char *)passphrase)) == NULL) {
3888 		r = convert_libcrypto_error();
3889 		goto out;
3890 	}
3891 	if (EVP_PKEY_base_id(pk) == EVP_PKEY_RSA &&
3892 	    (type == KEY_UNSPEC || type == KEY_RSA)) {
3893 		if ((prv = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL) {
3894 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3895 			goto out;
3896 		}
3897 		prv->rsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_RSA(pk);
3898 		prv->type = KEY_RSA;
3899 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
3900 		RSA_print_fp(stderr, prv->rsa, 8);
3901 #endif
3902 		if (RSA_blinding_on(prv->rsa, NULL) != 1) {
3903 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
3904 			goto out;
3905 		}
3906 		if ((r = check_rsa_length(prv->rsa)) != 0)
3907 			goto out;
3908 	} else if (EVP_PKEY_base_id(pk) == EVP_PKEY_DSA &&
3909 	    (type == KEY_UNSPEC || type == KEY_DSA)) {
3910 		if ((prv = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL) {
3911 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3912 			goto out;
3913 		}
3914 		prv->dsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_DSA(pk);
3915 		prv->type = KEY_DSA;
3916 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
3917 		DSA_print_fp(stderr, prv->dsa, 8);
3918 #endif
3919 #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
3920 	} else if (EVP_PKEY_base_id(pk) == EVP_PKEY_EC &&
3921 	    (type == KEY_UNSPEC || type == KEY_ECDSA)) {
3922 		if ((prv = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL) {
3923 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3924 			goto out;
3925 		}
3926 		prv->ecdsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_EC_KEY(pk);
3927 		prv->type = KEY_ECDSA;
3928 		prv->ecdsa_nid = sshkey_ecdsa_key_to_nid(prv->ecdsa);
3929 		if (prv->ecdsa_nid == -1 ||
3930 		    sshkey_curve_nid_to_name(prv->ecdsa_nid) == NULL ||
3931 		    sshkey_ec_validate_public(EC_KEY_get0_group(prv->ecdsa),
3932 		    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(prv->ecdsa)) != 0 ||
3933 		    sshkey_ec_validate_private(prv->ecdsa) != 0) {
3934 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3935 			goto out;
3936 		}
3937 # ifdef DEBUG_PK
3938 		if (prv != NULL && prv->ecdsa != NULL)
3939 			sshkey_dump_ec_key(prv->ecdsa);
3940 # endif
3941 #endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
3942 	} else {
3943 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3944 		goto out;
3945 	}
3946 	r = 0;
3947 	if (keyp != NULL) {
3948 		*keyp = prv;
3949 		prv = NULL;
3950 	}
3951  out:
3952 	BIO_free(bio);
3953 	EVP_PKEY_free(pk);
3954 	sshkey_free(prv);
3955 	return r;
3956 }
3957 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
3958 
3959 int
3960 sshkey_parse_private_fileblob_type(struct sshbuf *blob, int type,
3961     const char *passphrase, struct sshkey **keyp, char **commentp)
3962 {
3963 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
3964 
3965 	if (keyp != NULL)
3966 		*keyp = NULL;
3967 	if (commentp != NULL)
3968 		*commentp = NULL;
3969 
3970 	switch (type) {
3971 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
3972 	case KEY_DSA:
3973 	case KEY_ECDSA:
3974 	case KEY_RSA:
3975 		return sshkey_parse_private_pem_fileblob(blob, type,
3976 		    passphrase, keyp);
3977 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
3978 	case KEY_ED25519:
3979 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
3980 	case KEY_XMSS:
3981 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
3982 		return sshkey_parse_private2(blob, type, passphrase,
3983 		    keyp, commentp);
3984 	case KEY_UNSPEC:
3985 		r = sshkey_parse_private2(blob, type, passphrase, keyp,
3986 		    commentp);
3987 		/* Do not fallback to PEM parser if only passphrase is wrong. */
3988 		if (r == 0 || r == SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE)
3989 			return r;
3990 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
3991 		return sshkey_parse_private_pem_fileblob(blob, type,
3992 		    passphrase, keyp);
3993 #else
3994 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3995 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
3996 	default:
3997 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
3998 	}
3999 }
4000 
4001 int
4002 sshkey_parse_private_fileblob(struct sshbuf *buffer, const char *passphrase,
4003     struct sshkey **keyp, char **commentp)
4004 {
4005 	if (keyp != NULL)
4006 		*keyp = NULL;
4007 	if (commentp != NULL)
4008 		*commentp = NULL;
4009 
4010 	return sshkey_parse_private_fileblob_type(buffer, KEY_UNSPEC,
4011 	    passphrase, keyp, commentp);
4012 }
4013 
4014 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
4015 /*
4016  * serialize the key with the current state and forward the state
4017  * maxsign times.
4018  */
4019 int
4020 sshkey_private_serialize_maxsign(const struct sshkey *k, struct sshbuf *b,
4021     u_int32_t maxsign, sshkey_printfn *pr)
4022 {
4023 	int r, rupdate;
4024 
4025 	if (maxsign == 0 ||
4026 	    sshkey_type_plain(k->type) != KEY_XMSS)
4027 		return sshkey_private_serialize_opt(k, b,
4028 		    SSHKEY_SERIALIZE_DEFAULT);
4029 	if ((r = sshkey_xmss_get_state(k, pr)) != 0 ||
4030 	    (r = sshkey_private_serialize_opt(k, b,
4031 	    SSHKEY_SERIALIZE_STATE)) != 0 ||
4032 	    (r = sshkey_xmss_forward_state(k, maxsign)) != 0)
4033 		goto out;
4034 	r = 0;
4035 out:
4036 	if ((rupdate = sshkey_xmss_update_state(k, pr)) != 0) {
4037 		if (r == 0)
4038 			r = rupdate;
4039 	}
4040 	return r;
4041 }
4042 
4043 u_int32_t
4044 sshkey_signatures_left(const struct sshkey *k)
4045 {
4046 	if (sshkey_type_plain(k->type) == KEY_XMSS)
4047 		return sshkey_xmss_signatures_left(k);
4048 	return 0;
4049 }
4050 
4051 int
4052 sshkey_enable_maxsign(struct sshkey *k, u_int32_t maxsign)
4053 {
4054 	if (sshkey_type_plain(k->type) != KEY_XMSS)
4055 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
4056 	return sshkey_xmss_enable_maxsign(k, maxsign);
4057 }
4058 
4059 int
4060 sshkey_set_filename(struct sshkey *k, const char *filename)
4061 {
4062 	if (k == NULL)
4063 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
4064 	if (sshkey_type_plain(k->type) != KEY_XMSS)
4065 		return 0;
4066 	if (filename == NULL)
4067 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
4068 	if ((k->xmss_filename = strdup(filename)) == NULL)
4069 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
4070 	return 0;
4071 }
4072 #else
4073 int
4074 sshkey_private_serialize_maxsign(const struct sshkey *k, struct sshbuf *b,
4075     u_int32_t maxsign, sshkey_printfn *pr)
4076 {
4077 	return sshkey_private_serialize_opt(k, b, SSHKEY_SERIALIZE_DEFAULT);
4078 }
4079 
4080 u_int32_t
4081 sshkey_signatures_left(const struct sshkey *k)
4082 {
4083 	return 0;
4084 }
4085 
4086 int
4087 sshkey_enable_maxsign(struct sshkey *k, u_int32_t maxsign)
4088 {
4089 	return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
4090 }
4091 
4092 int
4093 sshkey_set_filename(struct sshkey *k, const char *filename)
4094 {
4095 	if (k == NULL)
4096 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
4097 	return 0;
4098 }
4099 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
4100