1 /*
2  * Copyright 2017-2021 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
3  * Copyright 2015-2016 Cryptography Research, Inc.
4  *
5  * Licensed under the Apache License 2.0 (the "License").  You may not use
6  * this file except in compliance with the License.  You can obtain a copy
7  * in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at
8  * https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html
9  *
10  * Originally written by Mike Hamburg
11  */
12 
13 #ifndef OSSL_CRYPTO_EC_CURVE448_POINT_448_H
14 # define OSSL_CRYPTO_EC_CURVE448_POINT_448_H
15 
16 # include "curve448utils.h"
17 # include "field.h"
18 
19 /* Comb config: number of combs, n, t, s. */
20 #define COMBS_N 5
21 #define COMBS_T 5
22 #define COMBS_S 18
23 
24 /* Projective Niels coordinates */
25 typedef struct {
26     gf a, b, c;
27 } niels_s, niels_t[1];
28 typedef struct {
29     niels_t n;
30     gf z;
31 } pniels_t[1];
32 
33 /* Precomputed base */
34 struct curve448_precomputed_s {
35     niels_t table[COMBS_N << (COMBS_T - 1)];
36 };
37 
38 # define C448_SCALAR_LIMBS ((446-1)/C448_WORD_BITS+1)
39 
40 /* The number of bits in a scalar */
41 # define C448_SCALAR_BITS 446
42 
43 /* Number of bytes in a serialized scalar. */
44 # define C448_SCALAR_BYTES 56
45 
46 /* X448 encoding ratio. */
47 # define X448_ENCODE_RATIO 2
48 
49 /* Number of bytes in an x448 public key */
50 # define X448_PUBLIC_BYTES 56
51 
52 /* Number of bytes in an x448 private key */
53 # define X448_PRIVATE_BYTES 56
54 
55 /* Twisted Edwards extended homogeneous coordinates */
56 typedef struct curve448_point_s {
57     gf x, y, z, t;
58 } curve448_point_t[1];
59 
60 /* Precomputed table based on a point.  Can be trivial implementation. */
61 struct curve448_precomputed_s;
62 
63 /* Precomputed table based on a point.  Can be trivial implementation. */
64 typedef struct curve448_precomputed_s curve448_precomputed_s;
65 
66 /* Scalar is stored packed, because we don't need the speed. */
67 typedef struct curve448_scalar_s {
68     c448_word_t limb[C448_SCALAR_LIMBS];
69 } curve448_scalar_t[1];
70 
71 /* A scalar equal to 1. */
72 extern const curve448_scalar_t ossl_curve448_scalar_one;
73 
74 /* A scalar equal to 0. */
75 extern const curve448_scalar_t ossl_curve448_scalar_zero;
76 
77 /* The identity point on the curve. */
78 extern const curve448_point_t ossl_curve448_point_identity;
79 
80 /* Precomputed table for the base point on the curve. */
81 extern const struct curve448_precomputed_s *ossl_curve448_precomputed_base;
82 extern const niels_t *ossl_curve448_wnaf_base;
83 
84 /*
85  * Read a scalar from wire format or from bytes.
86  *
87  * ser (in): Serialized form of a scalar.
88  * out (out): Deserialized form.
89  *
90  * Returns:
91  * C448_SUCCESS: The scalar was correctly encoded.
92  * C448_FAILURE: The scalar was greater than the modulus, and has been reduced
93  * modulo that modulus.
94  */
95 c448_error_t
96 ossl_curve448_scalar_decode(curve448_scalar_t out,
97                             const unsigned char ser[C448_SCALAR_BYTES]);
98 
99 /*
100  * Read a scalar from wire format or from bytes.  Reduces mod scalar prime.
101  *
102  * ser (in): Serialized form of a scalar.
103  * ser_len (in): Length of serialized form.
104  * out (out): Deserialized form.
105  */
106 void
107 ossl_curve448_scalar_decode_long(curve448_scalar_t out,
108                                  const unsigned char *ser, size_t ser_len);
109 
110 /*
111  * Serialize a scalar to wire format.
112  *
113  * ser (out): Serialized form of a scalar.
114  * s (in): Deserialized scalar.
115  */
116 void
117 ossl_curve448_scalar_encode(unsigned char ser[C448_SCALAR_BYTES],
118                             const curve448_scalar_t s);
119 
120 /*
121  * Add two scalars. |a|, |b| and |out| may alias each other.
122  *
123  * a (in): One scalar.
124  * b (in): Another scalar.
125  * out (out): a+b.
126  */
127 void
128 ossl_curve448_scalar_add(curve448_scalar_t out,
129                          const curve448_scalar_t a, const curve448_scalar_t b);
130 
131 /*
132  * Subtract two scalars.  |a|, |b| and |out| may alias each other.
133  * a (in): One scalar.
134  * b (in): Another scalar.
135  * out (out): a-b.
136  */
137 void
138 ossl_curve448_scalar_sub(curve448_scalar_t out,
139                          const curve448_scalar_t a, const curve448_scalar_t b);
140 
141 /*
142  * Multiply two scalars. |a|, |b| and |out| may alias each other.
143  *
144  * a (in): One scalar.
145  * b (in): Another scalar.
146  * out (out): a*b.
147  */
148 void
149 ossl_curve448_scalar_mul(curve448_scalar_t out,
150                          const curve448_scalar_t a, const curve448_scalar_t b);
151 
152 /*
153 * Halve a scalar.  |a| and |out| may alias each other.
154 *
155 * a (in): A scalar.
156 * out (out): a/2.
157 */
158 void
159 ossl_curve448_scalar_halve(curve448_scalar_t out, const curve448_scalar_t a);
160 
161 /*
162  * Copy a scalar.  The scalars may alias each other, in which case this
163  * function does nothing.
164  *
165  * a (in): A scalar.
166  * out (out): Will become a copy of a.
167  */
168 static ossl_inline void curve448_scalar_copy(curve448_scalar_t out,
169                                              const curve448_scalar_t a)
170 {
171     *out = *a;
172 }
173 
174 /*
175  * Copy a point.  The input and output may alias, in which case this function
176  * does nothing.
177  *
178  * a (out): A copy of the point.
179  * b (in): Any point.
180  */
181 static ossl_inline void curve448_point_copy(curve448_point_t a,
182                                             const curve448_point_t b)
183 {
184     *a = *b;
185 }
186 
187 /*
188  * Test whether two points are equal.  If yes, return C448_TRUE, else return
189  * C448_FALSE.
190  *
191  * a (in): A point.
192  * b (in): Another point.
193  *
194  * Returns:
195  * C448_TRUE: The points are equal.
196  * C448_FALSE: The points are not equal.
197  */
198 __owur c448_bool_t
199 ossl_curve448_point_eq(const curve448_point_t a,
200                        const curve448_point_t b);
201 
202 /*
203  * Double a point. Equivalent to curve448_point_add(two_a,a,a), but potentially
204  * faster.
205  *
206  * two_a (out): The sum a+a.
207  * a (in): A point.
208  */
209 void
210 ossl_curve448_point_double(curve448_point_t two_a, const curve448_point_t a);
211 
212 /*
213  * RFC 7748 Diffie-Hellman scalarmul.  This function uses a different
214  * (non-Decaf) encoding.
215  *
216  * out (out): The scaled point base*scalar
217  * base (in): The point to be scaled.
218  * scalar (in): The scalar to multiply by.
219  *
220  * Returns:
221  * C448_SUCCESS: The scalarmul succeeded.
222  * C448_FAILURE: The scalarmul didn't succeed, because the base point is in a
223  * small subgroup.
224  */
225 __owur c448_error_t
226 ossl_x448_int(uint8_t out[X448_PUBLIC_BYTES],
227               const uint8_t base[X448_PUBLIC_BYTES],
228               const uint8_t scalar[X448_PRIVATE_BYTES]);
229 
230 /*
231  * Multiply a point by X448_ENCODE_RATIO, then encode it like RFC 7748.
232  *
233  * This function is mainly used internally, but is exported in case
234  * it will be useful.
235  *
236  * The ratio is necessary because the internal representation doesn't
237  * track the cofactor information, so on output we must clear the cofactor.
238  * This would multiply by the cofactor, but in fact internally points are always
239  * even, so it multiplies by half the cofactor instead.
240  *
241  * As it happens, this aligns with the base point definitions; that is,
242  * if you pass the Decaf/Ristretto base point to this function, the result
243  * will be X448_ENCODE_RATIO times the X448
244  * base point.
245  *
246  * out (out): The scaled and encoded point.
247  * p (in): The point to be scaled and encoded.
248  */
249 void
250 ossl_curve448_point_mul_by_ratio_and_encode_like_x448(
251                                         uint8_t out[X448_PUBLIC_BYTES],
252                                         const curve448_point_t p);
253 
254 /*
255  * RFC 7748 Diffie-Hellman base point scalarmul.  This function uses a different
256  * (non-Decaf) encoding.
257  *
258  * out (out): The scaled point base*scalar
259  * scalar (in): The scalar to multiply by.
260  */
261 void
262 ossl_x448_derive_public_key(uint8_t out[X448_PUBLIC_BYTES],
263                             const uint8_t scalar[X448_PRIVATE_BYTES]);
264 
265 /*
266  * Multiply a precomputed base point by a scalar: out = scalar*base.
267  *
268  * scaled (out): The scaled point base*scalar
269  * base (in): The point to be scaled.
270  * scalar (in): The scalar to multiply by.
271  */
272 void
273 ossl_curve448_precomputed_scalarmul(curve448_point_t scaled,
274                                     const curve448_precomputed_s * base,
275                                     const curve448_scalar_t scalar);
276 
277 /*
278  * Multiply two base points by two scalars:
279  * combo = scalar1*curve448_point_base + scalar2*base2.
280  *
281  * Otherwise equivalent to curve448_point_double_scalarmul, but may be
282  * faster at the expense of being variable time.
283  *
284  * combo (out): The linear combination scalar1*base + scalar2*base2.
285  * scalar1 (in): A first scalar to multiply by.
286  * base2 (in): A second point to be scaled.
287  * scalar2 (in) A second scalar to multiply by.
288  *
289  * Warning: This function takes variable time, and may leak the scalars used.
290  * It is designed for signature verification.
291  */
292 void
293 ossl_curve448_base_double_scalarmul_non_secret(curve448_point_t combo,
294                                                const curve448_scalar_t scalar1,
295                                                const curve448_point_t base2,
296                                                const curve448_scalar_t scalar2);
297 
298 /*
299  * Test that a point is valid, for debugging purposes.
300  *
301  * to_test (in): The point to test.
302  *
303  * Returns:
304  * C448_TRUE The point is valid.
305  * C448_FALSE The point is invalid.
306  */
307 __owur c448_bool_t
308 ossl_curve448_point_valid(const curve448_point_t to_test);
309 
310 /* Overwrite scalar with zeros. */
311 void ossl_curve448_scalar_destroy(curve448_scalar_t scalar);
312 
313 /* Overwrite point with zeros. */
314 void ossl_curve448_point_destroy(curve448_point_t point);
315 
316 #endif                          /* OSSL_CRYPTO_EC_CURVE448_POINT_448_H */
317