xref: /freebsd/lib/libc/gen/getcap.c (revision b00ab754)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1992, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
8  * Casey Leedom of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
19  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
20  *    without specific prior written permission.
21  *
22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
23  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
24  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
25  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
26  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
27  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
28  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
29  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
30  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
31  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
32  * SUCH DAMAGE.
33  */
34 
35 #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
36 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)getcap.c	8.3 (Berkeley) 3/25/94";
37 #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
38 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
39 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
40 
41 #include "namespace.h"
42 #include <sys/types.h>
43 
44 #include <ctype.h>
45 #include <errno.h>
46 #include <fcntl.h>
47 #include <limits.h>
48 #include <stdio.h>
49 #include <stdlib.h>
50 #include <string.h>
51 #include <unistd.h>
52 #include "un-namespace.h"
53 
54 #include <db.h>
55 
56 #define	BFRAG		1024
57 #define	BSIZE		1024
58 #define	ESC		('[' & 037)	/* ASCII ESC */
59 #define	MAX_RECURSION	32		/* maximum getent recursion */
60 #define	SFRAG		100		/* cgetstr mallocs in SFRAG chunks */
61 
62 #define RECOK	(char)0
63 #define TCERR	(char)1
64 #define	SHADOW	(char)2
65 
66 static size_t	 topreclen;	/* toprec length */
67 static char	*toprec;	/* Additional record specified by cgetset() */
68 static int	 gottoprec;	/* Flag indicating retrieval of toprecord */
69 
70 static int	cdbget(DB *, char **, const char *);
71 static int 	getent(char **, u_int *, char **, int, const char *, int, char *);
72 static int	nfcmp(char *, char *);
73 
74 /*
75  * Cgetset() allows the addition of a user specified buffer to be added
76  * to the database array, in effect "pushing" the buffer on top of the
77  * virtual database. 0 is returned on success, -1 on failure.
78  */
79 int
80 cgetset(const char *ent)
81 {
82 	if (ent == NULL) {
83 		if (toprec)
84 			free(toprec);
85                 toprec = NULL;
86                 topreclen = 0;
87                 return (0);
88         }
89         topreclen = strlen(ent);
90         if ((toprec = malloc (topreclen + 1)) == NULL) {
91 		errno = ENOMEM;
92                 return (-1);
93 	}
94 	gottoprec = 0;
95         (void)strcpy(toprec, ent);
96         return (0);
97 }
98 
99 /*
100  * Cgetcap searches the capability record buf for the capability cap with
101  * type `type'.  A pointer to the value of cap is returned on success, NULL
102  * if the requested capability couldn't be found.
103  *
104  * Specifying a type of ':' means that nothing should follow cap (:cap:).
105  * In this case a pointer to the terminating ':' or NUL will be returned if
106  * cap is found.
107  *
108  * If (cap, '@') or (cap, terminator, '@') is found before (cap, terminator)
109  * return NULL.
110  */
111 char *
112 cgetcap(char *buf, const char *cap, int type)
113 {
114 	char *bp;
115 	const char *cp;
116 
117 	bp = buf;
118 	for (;;) {
119 		/*
120 		 * Skip past the current capability field - it's either the
121 		 * name field if this is the first time through the loop, or
122 		 * the remainder of a field whose name failed to match cap.
123 		 */
124 		for (;;)
125 			if (*bp == '\0')
126 				return (NULL);
127 			else
128 				if (*bp++ == ':')
129 					break;
130 
131 		/*
132 		 * Try to match (cap, type) in buf.
133 		 */
134 		for (cp = cap; *cp == *bp && *bp != '\0'; cp++, bp++)
135 			continue;
136 		if (*cp != '\0')
137 			continue;
138 		if (*bp == '@')
139 			return (NULL);
140 		if (type == ':') {
141 			if (*bp != '\0' && *bp != ':')
142 				continue;
143 			return(bp);
144 		}
145 		if (*bp != type)
146 			continue;
147 		bp++;
148 		return (*bp == '@' ? NULL : bp);
149 	}
150 	/* NOTREACHED */
151 }
152 
153 /*
154  * Cgetent extracts the capability record name from the NULL terminated file
155  * array db_array and returns a pointer to a malloc'd copy of it in buf.
156  * Buf must be retained through all subsequent calls to cgetcap, cgetnum,
157  * cgetflag, and cgetstr, but may then be free'd.  0 is returned on success,
158  * -1 if the requested record couldn't be found, -2 if a system error was
159  * encountered (couldn't open/read a file, etc.), and -3 if a potential
160  * reference loop is detected.
161  */
162 int
163 cgetent(char **buf, char **db_array, const char *name)
164 {
165 	u_int dummy;
166 
167 	return (getent(buf, &dummy, db_array, -1, name, 0, NULL));
168 }
169 
170 /*
171  * Getent implements the functions of cgetent.  If fd is non-negative,
172  * *db_array has already been opened and fd is the open file descriptor.  We
173  * do this to save time and avoid using up file descriptors for tc=
174  * recursions.
175  *
176  * Getent returns the same success/failure codes as cgetent.  On success, a
177  * pointer to a malloc'ed capability record with all tc= capabilities fully
178  * expanded and its length (not including trailing ASCII NUL) are left in
179  * *cap and *len.
180  *
181  * Basic algorithm:
182  *	+ Allocate memory incrementally as needed in chunks of size BFRAG
183  *	  for capability buffer.
184  *	+ Recurse for each tc=name and interpolate result.  Stop when all
185  *	  names interpolated, a name can't be found, or depth exceeds
186  *	  MAX_RECURSION.
187  */
188 static int
189 getent(char **cap, u_int *len, char **db_array, int fd, const char *name,
190     int depth, char *nfield)
191 {
192 	DB *capdbp;
193 	char *r_end, *rp, **db_p;
194 	int myfd, eof, foundit, retval;
195 	char *record, *cbuf;
196 	int tc_not_resolved;
197 	char pbuf[_POSIX_PATH_MAX];
198 
199 	/*
200 	 * Return with ``loop detected'' error if we've recursed more than
201 	 * MAX_RECURSION times.
202 	 */
203 	if (depth > MAX_RECURSION)
204 		return (-3);
205 
206 	/*
207 	 * Check if we have a top record from cgetset().
208          */
209 	if (depth == 0 && toprec != NULL && cgetmatch(toprec, name) == 0) {
210 		if ((record = malloc (topreclen + BFRAG)) == NULL) {
211 			errno = ENOMEM;
212 			return (-2);
213 		}
214 		(void)strcpy(record, toprec);
215 		myfd = 0;
216 		db_p = db_array;
217 		rp = record + topreclen + 1;
218 		r_end = rp + BFRAG;
219 		goto tc_exp;
220 	}
221 	/*
222 	 * Allocate first chunk of memory.
223 	 */
224 	if ((record = malloc(BFRAG)) == NULL) {
225 		errno = ENOMEM;
226 		return (-2);
227 	}
228 	r_end = record + BFRAG;
229 	foundit = 0;
230 	/*
231 	 * Loop through database array until finding the record.
232 	 */
233 
234 	for (db_p = db_array; *db_p != NULL; db_p++) {
235 		eof = 0;
236 
237 		/*
238 		 * Open database if not already open.
239 		 */
240 
241 		if (fd >= 0) {
242 			(void)lseek(fd, (off_t)0, SEEK_SET);
243 			myfd = 0;
244 		} else {
245 			(void)snprintf(pbuf, sizeof(pbuf), "%s.db", *db_p);
246 			if ((capdbp = dbopen(pbuf, O_RDONLY, 0, DB_HASH, 0))
247 			     != NULL) {
248 				free(record);
249 				retval = cdbget(capdbp, &record, name);
250 				if (retval < 0) {
251 					/* no record available */
252 					(void)capdbp->close(capdbp);
253 					return (retval);
254 				}
255 				/* save the data; close frees it */
256 				cbuf = strdup(record);
257 				if (capdbp->close(capdbp) < 0) {
258 					free(cbuf);
259 					return (-2);
260 				}
261 				if (cbuf == NULL) {
262 					errno = ENOMEM;
263 					return (-2);
264 				}
265 				*len = strlen(cbuf);
266 				*cap = cbuf;
267 				return (retval);
268 			} else {
269 				fd = _open(*db_p, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC, 0);
270 				if (fd < 0)
271 					continue;
272 				myfd = 1;
273 			}
274 		}
275 		/*
276 		 * Find the requested capability record ...
277 		 */
278 		{
279 		char buf[BUFSIZ];
280 		char *b_end, *bp;
281 		int c;
282 
283 		/*
284 		 * Loop invariants:
285 		 *	There is always room for one more character in record.
286 		 *	R_end always points just past end of record.
287 		 *	Rp always points just past last character in record.
288 		 *	B_end always points just past last character in buf.
289 		 *	Bp always points at next character in buf.
290 		 */
291 		b_end = buf;
292 		bp = buf;
293 		for (;;) {
294 
295 			/*
296 			 * Read in a line implementing (\, newline)
297 			 * line continuation.
298 			 */
299 			rp = record;
300 			for (;;) {
301 				if (bp >= b_end) {
302 					int n;
303 
304 					n = _read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf));
305 					if (n <= 0) {
306 						if (myfd)
307 							(void)_close(fd);
308 						if (n < 0) {
309 							free(record);
310 							return (-2);
311 						} else {
312 							fd = -1;
313 							eof = 1;
314 							break;
315 						}
316 					}
317 					b_end = buf+n;
318 					bp = buf;
319 				}
320 
321 				c = *bp++;
322 				if (c == '\n') {
323 					if (rp > record && *(rp-1) == '\\') {
324 						rp--;
325 						continue;
326 					} else
327 						break;
328 				}
329 				*rp++ = c;
330 
331 				/*
332 				 * Enforce loop invariant: if no room
333 				 * left in record buffer, try to get
334 				 * some more.
335 				 */
336 				if (rp >= r_end) {
337 					u_int pos;
338 					size_t newsize;
339 
340 					pos = rp - record;
341 					newsize = r_end - record + BFRAG;
342 					record = reallocf(record, newsize);
343 					if (record == NULL) {
344 						errno = ENOMEM;
345 						if (myfd)
346 							(void)_close(fd);
347 						return (-2);
348 					}
349 					r_end = record + newsize;
350 					rp = record + pos;
351 				}
352 			}
353 				/* loop invariant let's us do this */
354 			*rp++ = '\0';
355 
356 			/*
357 			 * If encountered eof check next file.
358 			 */
359 			if (eof)
360 				break;
361 
362 			/*
363 			 * Toss blank lines and comments.
364 			 */
365 			if (*record == '\0' || *record == '#')
366 				continue;
367 
368 			/*
369 			 * See if this is the record we want ...
370 			 */
371 			if (cgetmatch(record, name) == 0) {
372 				if (nfield == NULL || !nfcmp(nfield, record)) {
373 					foundit = 1;
374 					break;	/* found it! */
375 				}
376 			}
377 		}
378 	}
379 		if (foundit)
380 			break;
381 	}
382 
383 	if (!foundit) {
384 		free(record);
385 		return (-1);
386 	}
387 
388 	/*
389 	 * Got the capability record, but now we have to expand all tc=name
390 	 * references in it ...
391 	 */
392 tc_exp:	{
393 		char *newicap, *s;
394 		int newilen;
395 		u_int ilen;
396 		int diff, iret, tclen;
397 		char *icap, *scan, *tc, *tcstart, *tcend;
398 
399 		/*
400 		 * Loop invariants:
401 		 *	There is room for one more character in record.
402 		 *	R_end points just past end of record.
403 		 *	Rp points just past last character in record.
404 		 *	Scan points at remainder of record that needs to be
405 		 *	scanned for tc=name constructs.
406 		 */
407 		scan = record;
408 		tc_not_resolved = 0;
409 		for (;;) {
410 			if ((tc = cgetcap(scan, "tc", '=')) == NULL)
411 				break;
412 
413 			/*
414 			 * Find end of tc=name and stomp on the trailing `:'
415 			 * (if present) so we can use it to call ourselves.
416 			 */
417 			s = tc;
418 			for (;;)
419 				if (*s == '\0')
420 					break;
421 				else
422 					if (*s++ == ':') {
423 						*(s - 1) = '\0';
424 						break;
425 					}
426 			tcstart = tc - 3;
427 			tclen = s - tcstart;
428 			tcend = s;
429 
430 			iret = getent(&icap, &ilen, db_p, fd, tc, depth+1,
431 				      NULL);
432 			newicap = icap;		/* Put into a register. */
433 			newilen = ilen;
434 			if (iret != 0) {
435 				/* an error */
436 				if (iret < -1) {
437 					if (myfd)
438 						(void)_close(fd);
439 					free(record);
440 					return (iret);
441 				}
442 				if (iret == 1)
443 					tc_not_resolved = 1;
444 				/* couldn't resolve tc */
445 				if (iret == -1) {
446 					*(s - 1) = ':';
447 					scan = s - 1;
448 					tc_not_resolved = 1;
449 					continue;
450 
451 				}
452 			}
453 			/* not interested in name field of tc'ed record */
454 			s = newicap;
455 			for (;;)
456 				if (*s == '\0')
457 					break;
458 				else
459 					if (*s++ == ':')
460 						break;
461 			newilen -= s - newicap;
462 			newicap = s;
463 
464 			/* make sure interpolated record is `:'-terminated */
465 			s += newilen;
466 			if (*(s-1) != ':') {
467 				*s = ':';	/* overwrite NUL with : */
468 				newilen++;
469 			}
470 
471 			/*
472 			 * Make sure there's enough room to insert the
473 			 * new record.
474 			 */
475 			diff = newilen - tclen;
476 			if (diff >= r_end - rp) {
477 				u_int pos, tcpos, tcposend;
478 				size_t newsize;
479 
480 				pos = rp - record;
481 				newsize = r_end - record + diff + BFRAG;
482 				tcpos = tcstart - record;
483 				tcposend = tcend - record;
484 				record = reallocf(record, newsize);
485 				if (record == NULL) {
486 					errno = ENOMEM;
487 					if (myfd)
488 						(void)_close(fd);
489 					free(icap);
490 					return (-2);
491 				}
492 				r_end = record + newsize;
493 				rp = record + pos;
494 				tcstart = record + tcpos;
495 				tcend = record + tcposend;
496 			}
497 
498 			/*
499 			 * Insert tc'ed record into our record.
500 			 */
501 			s = tcstart + newilen;
502 			bcopy(tcend, s, rp - tcend);
503 			bcopy(newicap, tcstart, newilen);
504 			rp += diff;
505 			free(icap);
506 
507 			/*
508 			 * Start scan on `:' so next cgetcap works properly
509 			 * (cgetcap always skips first field).
510 			 */
511 			scan = s-1;
512 		}
513 
514 	}
515 	/*
516 	 * Close file (if we opened it), give back any extra memory, and
517 	 * return capability, length and success.
518 	 */
519 	if (myfd)
520 		(void)_close(fd);
521 	*len = rp - record - 1;	/* don't count NUL */
522 	if (r_end > rp)
523 		if ((record =
524 		     reallocf(record, (size_t)(rp - record))) == NULL) {
525 			errno = ENOMEM;
526 			return (-2);
527 		}
528 
529 	*cap = record;
530 	if (tc_not_resolved)
531 		return (1);
532 	return (0);
533 }
534 
535 static int
536 cdbget(DB *capdbp, char **bp, const char *name)
537 {
538 	DBT key, data;
539 	char *namebuf;
540 
541 	namebuf = strdup(name);
542 	if (namebuf == NULL)
543 		return (-2);
544 	key.data = namebuf;
545 	key.size = strlen(namebuf);
546 
547 	for (;;) {
548 		/* Get the reference. */
549 		switch(capdbp->get(capdbp, &key, &data, 0)) {
550 		case -1:
551 			free(namebuf);
552 			return (-2);
553 		case 1:
554 			free(namebuf);
555 			return (-1);
556 		}
557 
558 		/* If not an index to another record, leave. */
559 		if (((char *)data.data)[0] != SHADOW)
560 			break;
561 
562 		key.data = (char *)data.data + 1;
563 		key.size = data.size - 1;
564 	}
565 
566 	*bp = (char *)data.data + 1;
567 	free(namebuf);
568 	return (((char *)(data.data))[0] == TCERR ? 1 : 0);
569 }
570 
571 /*
572  * Cgetmatch will return 0 if name is one of the names of the capability
573  * record buf, -1 if not.
574  */
575 int
576 cgetmatch(const char *buf, const char *name)
577 {
578 	const char *np, *bp;
579 
580 	if (name == NULL || *name == '\0')
581 		return -1;
582 
583 	/*
584 	 * Start search at beginning of record.
585 	 */
586 	bp = buf;
587 	for (;;) {
588 		/*
589 		 * Try to match a record name.
590 		 */
591 		np = name;
592 		for (;;)
593 			if (*np == '\0')
594 				if (*bp == '|' || *bp == ':' || *bp == '\0')
595 					return (0);
596 				else
597 					break;
598 			else
599 				if (*bp++ != *np++)
600 					break;
601 
602 		/*
603 		 * Match failed, skip to next name in record.
604 		 */
605 		bp--;	/* a '|' or ':' may have stopped the match */
606 		for (;;)
607 			if (*bp == '\0' || *bp == ':')
608 				return (-1);	/* match failed totally */
609 			else
610 				if (*bp++ == '|')
611 					break;	/* found next name */
612 	}
613 }
614 
615 
616 
617 
618 
619 int
620 cgetfirst(char **buf, char **db_array)
621 {
622 	(void)cgetclose();
623 	return (cgetnext(buf, db_array));
624 }
625 
626 static FILE *pfp;
627 static int slash;
628 static char **dbp;
629 
630 int
631 cgetclose(void)
632 {
633 	if (pfp != NULL) {
634 		(void)fclose(pfp);
635 		pfp = NULL;
636 	}
637 	dbp = NULL;
638 	gottoprec = 0;
639 	slash = 0;
640 	return(0);
641 }
642 
643 /*
644  * Cgetnext() gets either the first or next entry in the logical database
645  * specified by db_array.  It returns 0 upon completion of the database, 1
646  * upon returning an entry with more remaining, and -1 if an error occurs.
647  */
648 int
649 cgetnext(char **bp, char **db_array)
650 {
651 	size_t len;
652 	int done, hadreaderr, savederrno, status;
653 	char *cp, *line, *rp, *np, buf[BSIZE], nbuf[BSIZE];
654 	u_int dummy;
655 
656 	if (dbp == NULL)
657 		dbp = db_array;
658 
659 	if (pfp == NULL && (pfp = fopen(*dbp, "re")) == NULL) {
660 		(void)cgetclose();
661 		return (-1);
662 	}
663 	for (;;) {
664 		if (toprec && !gottoprec) {
665 			gottoprec = 1;
666 			line = toprec;
667 		} else {
668 			line = fgetln(pfp, &len);
669 			if (line == NULL && pfp) {
670 				hadreaderr = ferror(pfp);
671 				if (hadreaderr)
672 					savederrno = errno;
673 				fclose(pfp);
674 				pfp = NULL;
675 				if (hadreaderr) {
676 					cgetclose();
677 					errno = savederrno;
678 					return (-1);
679 				} else {
680 					if (*++dbp == NULL) {
681 						(void)cgetclose();
682 						return (0);
683 					} else if ((pfp =
684 					    fopen(*dbp, "re")) == NULL) {
685 						(void)cgetclose();
686 						return (-1);
687 					} else
688 						continue;
689 				}
690 			} else
691 				line[len - 1] = '\0';
692 			if (len == 1) {
693 				slash = 0;
694 				continue;
695 			}
696 			if (isspace((unsigned char)*line) ||
697 			    *line == ':' || *line == '#' || slash) {
698 				if (line[len - 2] == '\\')
699 					slash = 1;
700 				else
701 					slash = 0;
702 				continue;
703 			}
704 			if (line[len - 2] == '\\')
705 				slash = 1;
706 			else
707 				slash = 0;
708 		}
709 
710 
711 		/*
712 		 * Line points to a name line.
713 		 */
714 		done = 0;
715 		np = nbuf;
716 		for (;;) {
717 			for (cp = line; *cp != '\0'; cp++) {
718 				if (*cp == ':') {
719 					*np++ = ':';
720 					done = 1;
721 					break;
722 				}
723 				if (*cp == '\\')
724 					break;
725 				*np++ = *cp;
726 			}
727 			if (done) {
728 				*np = '\0';
729 				break;
730 			} else { /* name field extends beyond the line */
731 				line = fgetln(pfp, &len);
732 				if (line == NULL && pfp) {
733 					/* Name extends beyond the EOF! */
734 					hadreaderr = ferror(pfp);
735 					if (hadreaderr)
736 						savederrno = errno;
737 					fclose(pfp);
738 					pfp = NULL;
739 					if (hadreaderr) {
740 						cgetclose();
741 						errno = savederrno;
742 						return (-1);
743 					} else {
744 						cgetclose();
745 						return (-1);
746 					}
747 				} else
748 					line[len - 1] = '\0';
749 			}
750 		}
751 		rp = buf;
752 		for(cp = nbuf; *cp != '\0'; cp++)
753 			if (*cp == '|' || *cp == ':')
754 				break;
755 			else
756 				*rp++ = *cp;
757 
758 		*rp = '\0';
759 		/*
760 		 * XXX
761 		 * Last argument of getent here should be nbuf if we want true
762 		 * sequential access in the case of duplicates.
763 		 * With NULL, getent will return the first entry found
764 		 * rather than the duplicate entry record.  This is a
765 		 * matter of semantics that should be resolved.
766 		 */
767 		status = getent(bp, &dummy, db_array, -1, buf, 0, NULL);
768 		if (status == -2 || status == -3)
769 			(void)cgetclose();
770 
771 		return (status + 1);
772 	}
773 	/* NOTREACHED */
774 }
775 
776 /*
777  * Cgetstr retrieves the value of the string capability cap from the
778  * capability record pointed to by buf.  A pointer to a decoded, NUL
779  * terminated, malloc'd copy of the string is returned in the char *
780  * pointed to by str.  The length of the string not including the trailing
781  * NUL is returned on success, -1 if the requested string capability
782  * couldn't be found, -2 if a system error was encountered (storage
783  * allocation failure).
784  */
785 int
786 cgetstr(char *buf, const char *cap, char **str)
787 {
788 	u_int m_room;
789 	char *bp, *mp;
790 	int len;
791 	char *mem;
792 
793 	/*
794 	 * Find string capability cap
795 	 */
796 	bp = cgetcap(buf, cap, '=');
797 	if (bp == NULL)
798 		return (-1);
799 
800 	/*
801 	 * Conversion / storage allocation loop ...  Allocate memory in
802 	 * chunks SFRAG in size.
803 	 */
804 	if ((mem = malloc(SFRAG)) == NULL) {
805 		errno = ENOMEM;
806 		return (-2);	/* couldn't even allocate the first fragment */
807 	}
808 	m_room = SFRAG;
809 	mp = mem;
810 
811 	while (*bp != ':' && *bp != '\0') {
812 		/*
813 		 * Loop invariants:
814 		 *	There is always room for one more character in mem.
815 		 *	Mp always points just past last character in mem.
816 		 *	Bp always points at next character in buf.
817 		 */
818 		if (*bp == '^') {
819 			bp++;
820 			if (*bp == ':' || *bp == '\0')
821 				break;	/* drop unfinished escape */
822 			if (*bp == '?') {
823 				*mp++ = '\177';
824 				bp++;
825 			} else
826 				*mp++ = *bp++ & 037;
827 		} else if (*bp == '\\') {
828 			bp++;
829 			if (*bp == ':' || *bp == '\0')
830 				break;	/* drop unfinished escape */
831 			if ('0' <= *bp && *bp <= '7') {
832 				int n, i;
833 
834 				n = 0;
835 				i = 3;	/* maximum of three octal digits */
836 				do {
837 					n = n * 8 + (*bp++ - '0');
838 				} while (--i && '0' <= *bp && *bp <= '7');
839 				*mp++ = n;
840 			}
841 			else switch (*bp++) {
842 				case 'b': case 'B':
843 					*mp++ = '\b';
844 					break;
845 				case 't': case 'T':
846 					*mp++ = '\t';
847 					break;
848 				case 'n': case 'N':
849 					*mp++ = '\n';
850 					break;
851 				case 'f': case 'F':
852 					*mp++ = '\f';
853 					break;
854 				case 'r': case 'R':
855 					*mp++ = '\r';
856 					break;
857 				case 'e': case 'E':
858 					*mp++ = ESC;
859 					break;
860 				case 'c': case 'C':
861 					*mp++ = ':';
862 					break;
863 				default:
864 					/*
865 					 * Catches '\', '^', and
866 					 *  everything else.
867 					 */
868 					*mp++ = *(bp-1);
869 					break;
870 			}
871 		} else
872 			*mp++ = *bp++;
873 		m_room--;
874 
875 		/*
876 		 * Enforce loop invariant: if no room left in current
877 		 * buffer, try to get some more.
878 		 */
879 		if (m_room == 0) {
880 			size_t size = mp - mem;
881 
882 			if ((mem = reallocf(mem, size + SFRAG)) == NULL)
883 				return (-2);
884 			m_room = SFRAG;
885 			mp = mem + size;
886 		}
887 	}
888 	*mp++ = '\0';	/* loop invariant let's us do this */
889 	m_room--;
890 	len = mp - mem - 1;
891 
892 	/*
893 	 * Give back any extra memory and return value and success.
894 	 */
895 	if (m_room != 0)
896 		if ((mem = reallocf(mem, (size_t)(mp - mem))) == NULL)
897 			return (-2);
898 	*str = mem;
899 	return (len);
900 }
901 
902 /*
903  * Cgetustr retrieves the value of the string capability cap from the
904  * capability record pointed to by buf.  The difference between cgetustr()
905  * and cgetstr() is that cgetustr does not decode escapes but rather treats
906  * all characters literally.  A pointer to a  NUL terminated malloc'd
907  * copy of the string is returned in the char pointed to by str.  The
908  * length of the string not including the trailing NUL is returned on success,
909  * -1 if the requested string capability couldn't be found, -2 if a system
910  * error was encountered (storage allocation failure).
911  */
912 int
913 cgetustr(char *buf, const char *cap, char **str)
914 {
915 	u_int m_room;
916 	char *bp, *mp;
917 	int len;
918 	char *mem;
919 
920 	/*
921 	 * Find string capability cap
922 	 */
923 	if ((bp = cgetcap(buf, cap, '=')) == NULL)
924 		return (-1);
925 
926 	/*
927 	 * Conversion / storage allocation loop ...  Allocate memory in
928 	 * chunks SFRAG in size.
929 	 */
930 	if ((mem = malloc(SFRAG)) == NULL) {
931 		errno = ENOMEM;
932 		return (-2);	/* couldn't even allocate the first fragment */
933 	}
934 	m_room = SFRAG;
935 	mp = mem;
936 
937 	while (*bp != ':' && *bp != '\0') {
938 		/*
939 		 * Loop invariants:
940 		 *	There is always room for one more character in mem.
941 		 *	Mp always points just past last character in mem.
942 		 *	Bp always points at next character in buf.
943 		 */
944 		*mp++ = *bp++;
945 		m_room--;
946 
947 		/*
948 		 * Enforce loop invariant: if no room left in current
949 		 * buffer, try to get some more.
950 		 */
951 		if (m_room == 0) {
952 			size_t size = mp - mem;
953 
954 			if ((mem = reallocf(mem, size + SFRAG)) == NULL)
955 				return (-2);
956 			m_room = SFRAG;
957 			mp = mem + size;
958 		}
959 	}
960 	*mp++ = '\0';	/* loop invariant let's us do this */
961 	m_room--;
962 	len = mp - mem - 1;
963 
964 	/*
965 	 * Give back any extra memory and return value and success.
966 	 */
967 	if (m_room != 0)
968 		if ((mem = reallocf(mem, (size_t)(mp - mem))) == NULL)
969 			return (-2);
970 	*str = mem;
971 	return (len);
972 }
973 
974 /*
975  * Cgetnum retrieves the value of the numeric capability cap from the
976  * capability record pointed to by buf.  The numeric value is returned in
977  * the long pointed to by num.  0 is returned on success, -1 if the requested
978  * numeric capability couldn't be found.
979  */
980 int
981 cgetnum(char *buf, const char *cap, long *num)
982 {
983 	long n;
984 	int base, digit;
985 	char *bp;
986 
987 	/*
988 	 * Find numeric capability cap
989 	 */
990 	bp = cgetcap(buf, cap, '#');
991 	if (bp == NULL)
992 		return (-1);
993 
994 	/*
995 	 * Look at value and determine numeric base:
996 	 *	0x... or 0X...	hexadecimal,
997 	 * else	0...		octal,
998 	 * else			decimal.
999 	 */
1000 	if (*bp == '0') {
1001 		bp++;
1002 		if (*bp == 'x' || *bp == 'X') {
1003 			bp++;
1004 			base = 16;
1005 		} else
1006 			base = 8;
1007 	} else
1008 		base = 10;
1009 
1010 	/*
1011 	 * Conversion loop ...
1012 	 */
1013 	n = 0;
1014 	for (;;) {
1015 		if ('0' <= *bp && *bp <= '9')
1016 			digit = *bp - '0';
1017 		else if ('a' <= *bp && *bp <= 'f')
1018 			digit = 10 + *bp - 'a';
1019 		else if ('A' <= *bp && *bp <= 'F')
1020 			digit = 10 + *bp - 'A';
1021 		else
1022 			break;
1023 
1024 		if (digit >= base)
1025 			break;
1026 
1027 		n = n * base + digit;
1028 		bp++;
1029 	}
1030 
1031 	/*
1032 	 * Return value and success.
1033 	 */
1034 	*num = n;
1035 	return (0);
1036 }
1037 
1038 
1039 /*
1040  * Compare name field of record.
1041  */
1042 static int
1043 nfcmp(char *nf, char *rec)
1044 {
1045 	char *cp, tmp;
1046 	int ret;
1047 
1048 	for (cp = rec; *cp != ':'; cp++)
1049 		;
1050 
1051 	tmp = *(cp + 1);
1052 	*(cp + 1) = '\0';
1053 	ret = strcmp(nf, rec);
1054 	*(cp + 1) = tmp;
1055 
1056 	return (ret);
1057 }
1058