xref: /freebsd/lib/libthr/thread/thr_cond.c (revision 4bc52338)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2005 David Xu <davidxu@freebsd.org>
5  * Copyright (c) 2015 The FreeBSD Foundation
6  * All rights reserved.
7  *
8  * Portions of this software were developed by Konstantin Belousov
9  * under sponsorship from the FreeBSD Foundation.
10  *
11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13  * are met:
14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15  *    notice unmodified, this list of conditions, and the following
16  *    disclaimer.
17  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
18  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
19  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
23  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
24  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
25  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
26  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
27  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
28  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
29  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
30  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
31  */
32 
33 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
34 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
35 
36 #include "namespace.h"
37 #include <stdlib.h>
38 #include <errno.h>
39 #include <string.h>
40 #include <pthread.h>
41 #include <limits.h>
42 #include "un-namespace.h"
43 
44 #include "thr_private.h"
45 
46 _Static_assert(sizeof(struct pthread_cond) <= PAGE_SIZE,
47     "pthread_cond too large");
48 
49 /*
50  * Prototypes
51  */
52 int	__pthread_cond_wait(pthread_cond_t *cond, pthread_mutex_t *mutex);
53 int	__pthread_cond_timedwait(pthread_cond_t *cond, pthread_mutex_t *mutex,
54 		       const struct timespec * abstime);
55 static int cond_init(pthread_cond_t *cond, const pthread_condattr_t *attr);
56 static int cond_wait_common(pthread_cond_t *cond, pthread_mutex_t *mutex,
57 		    const struct timespec *abstime, int cancel);
58 static int cond_signal_common(pthread_cond_t *cond);
59 static int cond_broadcast_common(pthread_cond_t *cond);
60 
61 /*
62  * Double underscore versions are cancellation points.  Single underscore
63  * versions are not and are provided for libc internal usage (which
64  * shouldn't introduce cancellation points).
65  */
66 __weak_reference(__pthread_cond_wait, pthread_cond_wait);
67 __weak_reference(__pthread_cond_timedwait, pthread_cond_timedwait);
68 
69 __weak_reference(_pthread_cond_init, pthread_cond_init);
70 __weak_reference(_pthread_cond_destroy, pthread_cond_destroy);
71 __weak_reference(_pthread_cond_signal, pthread_cond_signal);
72 __weak_reference(_pthread_cond_broadcast, pthread_cond_broadcast);
73 
74 #define CV_PSHARED(cvp)	(((cvp)->kcond.c_flags & USYNC_PROCESS_SHARED) != 0)
75 
76 static void
77 cond_init_body(struct pthread_cond *cvp, const struct pthread_cond_attr *cattr)
78 {
79 
80 	if (cattr == NULL) {
81 		cvp->kcond.c_clockid = CLOCK_REALTIME;
82 	} else {
83 		if (cattr->c_pshared)
84 			cvp->kcond.c_flags |= USYNC_PROCESS_SHARED;
85 		cvp->kcond.c_clockid = cattr->c_clockid;
86 	}
87 }
88 
89 static int
90 cond_init(pthread_cond_t *cond, const pthread_condattr_t *cond_attr)
91 {
92 	struct pthread_cond *cvp;
93 	const struct pthread_cond_attr *cattr;
94 	int pshared;
95 
96 	cattr = cond_attr != NULL ? *cond_attr : NULL;
97 	if (cattr == NULL || cattr->c_pshared == PTHREAD_PROCESS_PRIVATE) {
98 		pshared = 0;
99 		cvp = calloc(1, sizeof(struct pthread_cond));
100 		if (cvp == NULL)
101 			return (ENOMEM);
102 	} else {
103 		pshared = 1;
104 		cvp = __thr_pshared_offpage(cond, 1);
105 		if (cvp == NULL)
106 			return (EFAULT);
107 	}
108 
109 	/*
110 	 * Initialise the condition variable structure:
111 	 */
112 	cond_init_body(cvp, cattr);
113 	*cond = pshared ? THR_PSHARED_PTR : cvp;
114 	return (0);
115 }
116 
117 static int
118 init_static(struct pthread *thread, pthread_cond_t *cond)
119 {
120 	int ret;
121 
122 	THR_LOCK_ACQUIRE(thread, &_cond_static_lock);
123 
124 	if (*cond == NULL)
125 		ret = cond_init(cond, NULL);
126 	else
127 		ret = 0;
128 
129 	THR_LOCK_RELEASE(thread, &_cond_static_lock);
130 
131 	return (ret);
132 }
133 
134 #define CHECK_AND_INIT_COND							\
135 	if (*cond == THR_PSHARED_PTR) {						\
136 		cvp = __thr_pshared_offpage(cond, 0);				\
137 		if (cvp == NULL)						\
138 			return (EINVAL);					\
139 	} else if (__predict_false((cvp = (*cond)) <= THR_COND_DESTROYED)) {	\
140 		if (cvp == THR_COND_INITIALIZER) {				\
141 			int ret;						\
142 			ret = init_static(_get_curthread(), cond);		\
143 			if (ret)						\
144 				return (ret);					\
145 		} else if (cvp == THR_COND_DESTROYED) {				\
146 			return (EINVAL);					\
147 		}								\
148 		cvp = *cond;							\
149 	}
150 
151 int
152 _pthread_cond_init(pthread_cond_t * __restrict cond,
153     const pthread_condattr_t * __restrict cond_attr)
154 {
155 
156 	*cond = NULL;
157 	return (cond_init(cond, cond_attr));
158 }
159 
160 int
161 _pthread_cond_destroy(pthread_cond_t *cond)
162 {
163 	struct pthread_cond *cvp;
164 	int error;
165 
166 	error = 0;
167 	if (*cond == THR_PSHARED_PTR) {
168 		cvp = __thr_pshared_offpage(cond, 0);
169 		if (cvp != NULL) {
170 			if (cvp->kcond.c_has_waiters)
171 				error = EBUSY;
172 			else
173 				__thr_pshared_destroy(cond);
174 		}
175 		if (error == 0)
176 			*cond = THR_COND_DESTROYED;
177 	} else if ((cvp = *cond) == THR_COND_INITIALIZER) {
178 		/* nothing */
179 	} else if (cvp == THR_COND_DESTROYED) {
180 		error = EINVAL;
181 	} else {
182 		cvp = *cond;
183 		if (cvp->__has_user_waiters || cvp->kcond.c_has_waiters)
184 			error = EBUSY;
185 		else {
186 			*cond = THR_COND_DESTROYED;
187 			free(cvp);
188 		}
189 	}
190 	return (error);
191 }
192 
193 /*
194  * Cancellation behavior:
195  *   Thread may be canceled at start, if thread is canceled, it means it
196  *   did not get a wakeup from pthread_cond_signal(), otherwise, it is
197  *   not canceled.
198  *   Thread cancellation never cause wakeup from pthread_cond_signal()
199  *   to be lost.
200  */
201 static int
202 cond_wait_kernel(struct pthread_cond *cvp, struct pthread_mutex *mp,
203     const struct timespec *abstime, int cancel)
204 {
205 	struct pthread *curthread;
206 	int error, error2, recurse, robust;
207 
208 	curthread = _get_curthread();
209 	robust = _mutex_enter_robust(curthread, mp);
210 
211 	error = _mutex_cv_detach(mp, &recurse);
212 	if (error != 0) {
213 		if (robust)
214 			_mutex_leave_robust(curthread, mp);
215 		return (error);
216 	}
217 
218 	if (cancel)
219 		_thr_cancel_enter2(curthread, 0);
220 	error = _thr_ucond_wait(&cvp->kcond, &mp->m_lock, abstime,
221 	    CVWAIT_ABSTIME | CVWAIT_CLOCKID);
222 	if (cancel)
223 		_thr_cancel_leave(curthread, 0);
224 
225 	/*
226 	 * Note that PP mutex and ROBUST mutex may return
227 	 * interesting error codes.
228 	 */
229 	if (error == 0) {
230 		error2 = _mutex_cv_lock(mp, recurse, true);
231 	} else if (error == EINTR || error == ETIMEDOUT) {
232 		error2 = _mutex_cv_lock(mp, recurse, true);
233 		/*
234 		 * Do not do cancellation on EOWNERDEAD there.  The
235 		 * cancellation cleanup handler will use the protected
236 		 * state and unlock the mutex without making the state
237 		 * consistent and the state will be unrecoverable.
238 		 */
239 		if (error2 == 0 && cancel) {
240 			if (robust) {
241 				_mutex_leave_robust(curthread, mp);
242 				robust = false;
243 			}
244 			_thr_testcancel(curthread);
245 		}
246 
247 		if (error == EINTR)
248 			error = 0;
249 	} else {
250 		/* We know that it didn't unlock the mutex. */
251 		_mutex_cv_attach(mp, recurse);
252 		if (cancel) {
253 			if (robust) {
254 				_mutex_leave_robust(curthread, mp);
255 				robust = false;
256 			}
257 			_thr_testcancel(curthread);
258 		}
259 		error2 = 0;
260 	}
261 	if (robust)
262 		_mutex_leave_robust(curthread, mp);
263 	return (error2 != 0 ? error2 : error);
264 }
265 
266 /*
267  * Thread waits in userland queue whenever possible, when thread
268  * is signaled or broadcasted, it is removed from the queue, and
269  * is saved in curthread's defer_waiters[] buffer, but won't be
270  * woken up until mutex is unlocked.
271  */
272 
273 static int
274 cond_wait_user(struct pthread_cond *cvp, struct pthread_mutex *mp,
275     const struct timespec *abstime, int cancel)
276 {
277 	struct pthread *curthread;
278 	struct sleepqueue *sq;
279 	int deferred, error, error2, recurse;
280 
281 	curthread = _get_curthread();
282 	if (curthread->wchan != NULL)
283 		PANIC("thread %p was already on queue.", curthread);
284 
285 	if (cancel)
286 		_thr_testcancel(curthread);
287 
288 	_sleepq_lock(cvp);
289 	/*
290 	 * set __has_user_waiters before unlocking mutex, this allows
291 	 * us to check it without locking in pthread_cond_signal().
292 	 */
293 	cvp->__has_user_waiters = 1;
294 	deferred = 0;
295 	(void)_mutex_cv_unlock(mp, &recurse, &deferred);
296 	curthread->mutex_obj = mp;
297 	_sleepq_add(cvp, curthread);
298 	for(;;) {
299 		_thr_clear_wake(curthread);
300 		_sleepq_unlock(cvp);
301 		if (deferred) {
302 			deferred = 0;
303 			if ((mp->m_lock.m_owner & UMUTEX_CONTESTED) == 0)
304 				(void)_umtx_op_err(&mp->m_lock,
305 				    UMTX_OP_MUTEX_WAKE2, mp->m_lock.m_flags,
306 				    0, 0);
307 		}
308 		if (curthread->nwaiter_defer > 0) {
309 			_thr_wake_all(curthread->defer_waiters,
310 			    curthread->nwaiter_defer);
311 			curthread->nwaiter_defer = 0;
312 		}
313 
314 		if (cancel)
315 			_thr_cancel_enter2(curthread, 0);
316 		error = _thr_sleep(curthread, cvp->kcond.c_clockid, abstime);
317 		if (cancel)
318 			_thr_cancel_leave(curthread, 0);
319 
320 		_sleepq_lock(cvp);
321 		if (curthread->wchan == NULL) {
322 			error = 0;
323 			break;
324 		} else if (cancel && SHOULD_CANCEL(curthread)) {
325 			sq = _sleepq_lookup(cvp);
326 			cvp->__has_user_waiters = _sleepq_remove(sq, curthread);
327 			_sleepq_unlock(cvp);
328 			curthread->mutex_obj = NULL;
329 			error2 = _mutex_cv_lock(mp, recurse, false);
330 			if (!THR_IN_CRITICAL(curthread))
331 				_pthread_exit(PTHREAD_CANCELED);
332 			else /* this should not happen */
333 				return (error2);
334 		} else if (error == ETIMEDOUT) {
335 			sq = _sleepq_lookup(cvp);
336 			cvp->__has_user_waiters =
337 			    _sleepq_remove(sq, curthread);
338 			break;
339 		}
340 	}
341 	_sleepq_unlock(cvp);
342 	curthread->mutex_obj = NULL;
343 	error2 = _mutex_cv_lock(mp, recurse, false);
344 	if (error == 0)
345 		error = error2;
346 	return (error);
347 }
348 
349 static int
350 cond_wait_common(pthread_cond_t *cond, pthread_mutex_t *mutex,
351 	const struct timespec *abstime, int cancel)
352 {
353 	struct pthread	*curthread = _get_curthread();
354 	struct pthread_cond *cvp;
355 	struct pthread_mutex *mp;
356 	int	error;
357 
358 	CHECK_AND_INIT_COND
359 
360 	if (*mutex == THR_PSHARED_PTR) {
361 		mp = __thr_pshared_offpage(mutex, 0);
362 		if (mp == NULL)
363 			return (EINVAL);
364 	} else {
365 		mp = *mutex;
366 	}
367 
368 	if ((error = _mutex_owned(curthread, mp)) != 0)
369 		return (error);
370 
371 	if (curthread->attr.sched_policy != SCHED_OTHER ||
372 	    (mp->m_lock.m_flags & (UMUTEX_PRIO_PROTECT | UMUTEX_PRIO_INHERIT |
373 	    USYNC_PROCESS_SHARED)) != 0 || CV_PSHARED(cvp))
374 		return (cond_wait_kernel(cvp, mp, abstime, cancel));
375 	else
376 		return (cond_wait_user(cvp, mp, abstime, cancel));
377 }
378 
379 int
380 _pthread_cond_wait(pthread_cond_t *cond, pthread_mutex_t *mutex)
381 {
382 
383 	return (cond_wait_common(cond, mutex, NULL, 0));
384 }
385 
386 int
387 __pthread_cond_wait(pthread_cond_t * __restrict cond,
388     pthread_mutex_t * __restrict mutex)
389 {
390 
391 	return (cond_wait_common(cond, mutex, NULL, 1));
392 }
393 
394 int
395 _pthread_cond_timedwait(pthread_cond_t * __restrict cond,
396     pthread_mutex_t * __restrict mutex,
397     const struct timespec * __restrict abstime)
398 {
399 
400 	if (abstime == NULL || abstime->tv_sec < 0 || abstime->tv_nsec < 0 ||
401 	    abstime->tv_nsec >= 1000000000)
402 		return (EINVAL);
403 
404 	return (cond_wait_common(cond, mutex, abstime, 0));
405 }
406 
407 int
408 __pthread_cond_timedwait(pthread_cond_t *cond, pthread_mutex_t *mutex,
409 		       const struct timespec *abstime)
410 {
411 
412 	if (abstime == NULL || abstime->tv_sec < 0 || abstime->tv_nsec < 0 ||
413 	    abstime->tv_nsec >= 1000000000)
414 		return (EINVAL);
415 
416 	return (cond_wait_common(cond, mutex, abstime, 1));
417 }
418 
419 static int
420 cond_signal_common(pthread_cond_t *cond)
421 {
422 	struct pthread	*curthread = _get_curthread();
423 	struct pthread *td;
424 	struct pthread_cond *cvp;
425 	struct pthread_mutex *mp;
426 	struct sleepqueue *sq;
427 	int	*waddr;
428 	int	pshared;
429 
430 	/*
431 	 * If the condition variable is statically initialized, perform dynamic
432 	 * initialization.
433 	 */
434 	CHECK_AND_INIT_COND
435 
436 	pshared = CV_PSHARED(cvp);
437 
438 	_thr_ucond_signal(&cvp->kcond);
439 
440 	if (pshared || cvp->__has_user_waiters == 0)
441 		return (0);
442 
443 	curthread = _get_curthread();
444 	waddr = NULL;
445 	_sleepq_lock(cvp);
446 	sq = _sleepq_lookup(cvp);
447 	if (sq == NULL) {
448 		_sleepq_unlock(cvp);
449 		return (0);
450 	}
451 
452 	td = _sleepq_first(sq);
453 	mp = td->mutex_obj;
454 	cvp->__has_user_waiters = _sleepq_remove(sq, td);
455 	if (PMUTEX_OWNER_ID(mp) == TID(curthread)) {
456 		if (curthread->nwaiter_defer >= MAX_DEFER_WAITERS) {
457 			_thr_wake_all(curthread->defer_waiters,
458 			    curthread->nwaiter_defer);
459 			curthread->nwaiter_defer = 0;
460 		}
461 		curthread->defer_waiters[curthread->nwaiter_defer++] =
462 		    &td->wake_addr->value;
463 		mp->m_flags |= PMUTEX_FLAG_DEFERRED;
464 	} else {
465 		waddr = &td->wake_addr->value;
466 	}
467 	_sleepq_unlock(cvp);
468 	if (waddr != NULL)
469 		_thr_set_wake(waddr);
470 	return (0);
471 }
472 
473 struct broadcast_arg {
474 	struct pthread *curthread;
475 	unsigned int *waddrs[MAX_DEFER_WAITERS];
476 	int count;
477 };
478 
479 static void
480 drop_cb(struct pthread *td, void *arg)
481 {
482 	struct broadcast_arg *ba = arg;
483 	struct pthread_mutex *mp;
484 	struct pthread *curthread = ba->curthread;
485 
486 	mp = td->mutex_obj;
487 	if (PMUTEX_OWNER_ID(mp) == TID(curthread)) {
488 		if (curthread->nwaiter_defer >= MAX_DEFER_WAITERS) {
489 			_thr_wake_all(curthread->defer_waiters,
490 			    curthread->nwaiter_defer);
491 			curthread->nwaiter_defer = 0;
492 		}
493 		curthread->defer_waiters[curthread->nwaiter_defer++] =
494 		    &td->wake_addr->value;
495 		mp->m_flags |= PMUTEX_FLAG_DEFERRED;
496 	} else {
497 		if (ba->count >= MAX_DEFER_WAITERS) {
498 			_thr_wake_all(ba->waddrs, ba->count);
499 			ba->count = 0;
500 		}
501 		ba->waddrs[ba->count++] = &td->wake_addr->value;
502 	}
503 }
504 
505 static int
506 cond_broadcast_common(pthread_cond_t *cond)
507 {
508 	int    pshared;
509 	struct pthread_cond *cvp;
510 	struct sleepqueue *sq;
511 	struct broadcast_arg ba;
512 
513 	/*
514 	 * If the condition variable is statically initialized, perform dynamic
515 	 * initialization.
516 	 */
517 	CHECK_AND_INIT_COND
518 
519 	pshared = CV_PSHARED(cvp);
520 
521 	_thr_ucond_broadcast(&cvp->kcond);
522 
523 	if (pshared || cvp->__has_user_waiters == 0)
524 		return (0);
525 
526 	ba.curthread = _get_curthread();
527 	ba.count = 0;
528 
529 	_sleepq_lock(cvp);
530 	sq = _sleepq_lookup(cvp);
531 	if (sq == NULL) {
532 		_sleepq_unlock(cvp);
533 		return (0);
534 	}
535 	_sleepq_drop(sq, drop_cb, &ba);
536 	cvp->__has_user_waiters = 0;
537 	_sleepq_unlock(cvp);
538 	if (ba.count > 0)
539 		_thr_wake_all(ba.waddrs, ba.count);
540 	return (0);
541 }
542 
543 int
544 _pthread_cond_signal(pthread_cond_t * cond)
545 {
546 
547 	return (cond_signal_common(cond));
548 }
549 
550 int
551 _pthread_cond_broadcast(pthread_cond_t * cond)
552 {
553 
554 	return (cond_broadcast_common(cond));
555 }
556