xref: /freebsd/libexec/rtld-elf/rtld_lock.c (revision 0957b409)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
3  *
4  * Copyright 1999, 2000 John D. Polstra.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
17  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
18  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
19  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
20  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
21  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
22  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
23  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
24  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
25  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
26  *
27  *	from: FreeBSD: src/libexec/rtld-elf/sparc64/lockdflt.c,v 1.3 2002/10/09
28  * $FreeBSD$
29  */
30 
31 /*
32  * Thread locking implementation for the dynamic linker.
33  *
34  * We use the "simple, non-scalable reader-preference lock" from:
35  *
36  *   J. M. Mellor-Crummey and M. L. Scott. "Scalable Reader-Writer
37  *   Synchronization for Shared-Memory Multiprocessors." 3rd ACM Symp. on
38  *   Principles and Practice of Parallel Programming, April 1991.
39  *
40  * In this algorithm the lock is a single word.  Its low-order bit is
41  * set when a writer holds the lock.  The remaining high-order bits
42  * contain a count of readers desiring the lock.  The algorithm requires
43  * atomic "compare_and_store" and "add" operations, which we take
44  * from machine/atomic.h.
45  */
46 
47 #include <sys/param.h>
48 #include <signal.h>
49 #include <stdlib.h>
50 #include <time.h>
51 
52 #include "debug.h"
53 #include "rtld.h"
54 #include "rtld_machdep.h"
55 
56 void _rtld_thread_init(struct RtldLockInfo *) __exported;
57 void _rtld_atfork_pre(int *) __exported;
58 void _rtld_atfork_post(int *) __exported;
59 
60 #define WAFLAG		0x1	/* A writer holds the lock */
61 #define RC_INCR		0x2	/* Adjusts count of readers desiring lock */
62 
63 typedef struct Struct_Lock {
64 	volatile u_int lock;
65 	void *base;
66 } Lock;
67 
68 static sigset_t fullsigmask, oldsigmask;
69 static int thread_flag, wnested;
70 
71 static void *
72 def_lock_create(void)
73 {
74     void *base;
75     char *p;
76     uintptr_t r;
77     Lock *l;
78 
79     /*
80      * Arrange for the lock to occupy its own cache line.  First, we
81      * optimistically allocate just a cache line, hoping that malloc
82      * will give us a well-aligned block of memory.  If that doesn't
83      * work, we allocate a larger block and take a well-aligned cache
84      * line from it.
85      */
86     base = xmalloc(CACHE_LINE_SIZE);
87     p = (char *)base;
88     if ((uintptr_t)p % CACHE_LINE_SIZE != 0) {
89 	free(base);
90 	base = xmalloc(2 * CACHE_LINE_SIZE);
91 	p = (char *)base;
92 	if ((r = (uintptr_t)p % CACHE_LINE_SIZE) != 0)
93 	    p += CACHE_LINE_SIZE - r;
94     }
95     l = (Lock *)p;
96     l->base = base;
97     l->lock = 0;
98     return l;
99 }
100 
101 static void
102 def_lock_destroy(void *lock)
103 {
104     Lock *l = (Lock *)lock;
105 
106     free(l->base);
107 }
108 
109 static void
110 def_rlock_acquire(void *lock)
111 {
112     Lock *l = (Lock *)lock;
113 
114     atomic_add_acq_int(&l->lock, RC_INCR);
115     while (l->lock & WAFLAG)
116 	    ;	/* Spin */
117 }
118 
119 static void
120 def_wlock_acquire(void *lock)
121 {
122 	Lock *l;
123 	sigset_t tmp_oldsigmask;
124 
125 	l = (Lock *)lock;
126 	for (;;) {
127 		sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &fullsigmask, &tmp_oldsigmask);
128 		if (atomic_cmpset_acq_int(&l->lock, 0, WAFLAG))
129 			break;
130 		sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &tmp_oldsigmask, NULL);
131 	}
132 	if (atomic_fetchadd_int(&wnested, 1) == 0)
133 		oldsigmask = tmp_oldsigmask;
134 }
135 
136 static void
137 def_lock_release(void *lock)
138 {
139 	Lock *l;
140 
141 	l = (Lock *)lock;
142 	if ((l->lock & WAFLAG) == 0)
143 		atomic_add_rel_int(&l->lock, -RC_INCR);
144 	else {
145 		assert(wnested > 0);
146 		atomic_add_rel_int(&l->lock, -WAFLAG);
147 		if (atomic_fetchadd_int(&wnested, -1) == 1)
148 			sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &oldsigmask, NULL);
149 	}
150 }
151 
152 static int
153 def_thread_set_flag(int mask)
154 {
155 	int old_val = thread_flag;
156 	thread_flag |= mask;
157 	return (old_val);
158 }
159 
160 static int
161 def_thread_clr_flag(int mask)
162 {
163 	int old_val = thread_flag;
164 	thread_flag &= ~mask;
165 	return (old_val);
166 }
167 
168 /*
169  * Public interface exposed to the rest of the dynamic linker.
170  */
171 static struct RtldLockInfo lockinfo;
172 static struct RtldLockInfo deflockinfo;
173 
174 static __inline int
175 thread_mask_set(int mask)
176 {
177 	return lockinfo.thread_set_flag(mask);
178 }
179 
180 static __inline void
181 thread_mask_clear(int mask)
182 {
183 	lockinfo.thread_clr_flag(mask);
184 }
185 
186 #define	RTLD_LOCK_CNT	3
187 static struct rtld_lock {
188 	void	*handle;
189 	int	 mask;
190 } rtld_locks[RTLD_LOCK_CNT];
191 
192 rtld_lock_t	rtld_bind_lock = &rtld_locks[0];
193 rtld_lock_t	rtld_libc_lock = &rtld_locks[1];
194 rtld_lock_t	rtld_phdr_lock = &rtld_locks[2];
195 
196 void
197 rlock_acquire(rtld_lock_t lock, RtldLockState *lockstate)
198 {
199 
200 	if (lockstate == NULL)
201 		return;
202 
203 	if (thread_mask_set(lock->mask) & lock->mask) {
204 		dbg("rlock_acquire: recursed");
205 		lockstate->lockstate = RTLD_LOCK_UNLOCKED;
206 		return;
207 	}
208 	lockinfo.rlock_acquire(lock->handle);
209 	lockstate->lockstate = RTLD_LOCK_RLOCKED;
210 }
211 
212 void
213 wlock_acquire(rtld_lock_t lock, RtldLockState *lockstate)
214 {
215 
216 	if (lockstate == NULL)
217 		return;
218 
219 	if (thread_mask_set(lock->mask) & lock->mask) {
220 		dbg("wlock_acquire: recursed");
221 		lockstate->lockstate = RTLD_LOCK_UNLOCKED;
222 		return;
223 	}
224 	lockinfo.wlock_acquire(lock->handle);
225 	lockstate->lockstate = RTLD_LOCK_WLOCKED;
226 }
227 
228 void
229 lock_release(rtld_lock_t lock, RtldLockState *lockstate)
230 {
231 
232 	if (lockstate == NULL)
233 		return;
234 
235 	switch (lockstate->lockstate) {
236 	case RTLD_LOCK_UNLOCKED:
237 		break;
238 	case RTLD_LOCK_RLOCKED:
239 	case RTLD_LOCK_WLOCKED:
240 		thread_mask_clear(lock->mask);
241 		lockinfo.lock_release(lock->handle);
242 		break;
243 	default:
244 		assert(0);
245 	}
246 }
247 
248 void
249 lock_upgrade(rtld_lock_t lock, RtldLockState *lockstate)
250 {
251 
252 	if (lockstate == NULL)
253 		return;
254 
255 	lock_release(lock, lockstate);
256 	wlock_acquire(lock, lockstate);
257 }
258 
259 void
260 lock_restart_for_upgrade(RtldLockState *lockstate)
261 {
262 
263 	if (lockstate == NULL)
264 		return;
265 
266 	switch (lockstate->lockstate) {
267 	case RTLD_LOCK_UNLOCKED:
268 	case RTLD_LOCK_WLOCKED:
269 		break;
270 	case RTLD_LOCK_RLOCKED:
271 		siglongjmp(lockstate->env, 1);
272 		break;
273 	default:
274 		assert(0);
275 	}
276 }
277 
278 void
279 lockdflt_init(void)
280 {
281     int i;
282 
283     deflockinfo.rtli_version  = RTLI_VERSION;
284     deflockinfo.lock_create   = def_lock_create;
285     deflockinfo.lock_destroy  = def_lock_destroy;
286     deflockinfo.rlock_acquire = def_rlock_acquire;
287     deflockinfo.wlock_acquire = def_wlock_acquire;
288     deflockinfo.lock_release  = def_lock_release;
289     deflockinfo.thread_set_flag = def_thread_set_flag;
290     deflockinfo.thread_clr_flag = def_thread_clr_flag;
291     deflockinfo.at_fork = NULL;
292 
293     for (i = 0; i < RTLD_LOCK_CNT; i++) {
294 	    rtld_locks[i].mask   = (1 << i);
295 	    rtld_locks[i].handle = NULL;
296     }
297 
298     memcpy(&lockinfo, &deflockinfo, sizeof(lockinfo));
299     _rtld_thread_init(NULL);
300     /*
301      * Construct a mask to block all signals except traps which might
302      * conceivably be generated within the dynamic linker itself.
303      */
304     sigfillset(&fullsigmask);
305     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGILL);
306     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGTRAP);
307     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGABRT);
308     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGEMT);
309     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGFPE);
310     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGBUS);
311     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGSEGV);
312     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGSYS);
313 }
314 
315 /*
316  * Callback function to allow threads implementation to
317  * register their own locking primitives if the default
318  * one is not suitable.
319  * The current context should be the only context
320  * executing at the invocation time.
321  */
322 void
323 _rtld_thread_init(struct RtldLockInfo *pli)
324 {
325 	int flags, i;
326 	void *locks[RTLD_LOCK_CNT];
327 
328 	/* disable all locking while this function is running */
329 	flags =	thread_mask_set(~0);
330 
331 	if (pli == NULL)
332 		pli = &deflockinfo;
333 
334 
335 	for (i = 0; i < RTLD_LOCK_CNT; i++)
336 		if ((locks[i] = pli->lock_create()) == NULL)
337 			break;
338 
339 	if (i < RTLD_LOCK_CNT) {
340 		while (--i >= 0)
341 			pli->lock_destroy(locks[i]);
342 		abort();
343 	}
344 
345 	for (i = 0; i < RTLD_LOCK_CNT; i++) {
346 		if (rtld_locks[i].handle == NULL)
347 			continue;
348 		if (flags & rtld_locks[i].mask)
349 			lockinfo.lock_release(rtld_locks[i].handle);
350 		lockinfo.lock_destroy(rtld_locks[i].handle);
351 	}
352 
353 	for (i = 0; i < RTLD_LOCK_CNT; i++) {
354 		rtld_locks[i].handle = locks[i];
355 		if (flags & rtld_locks[i].mask)
356 			pli->wlock_acquire(rtld_locks[i].handle);
357 	}
358 
359 	lockinfo.lock_create = pli->lock_create;
360 	lockinfo.lock_destroy = pli->lock_destroy;
361 	lockinfo.rlock_acquire = pli->rlock_acquire;
362 	lockinfo.wlock_acquire = pli->wlock_acquire;
363 	lockinfo.lock_release  = pli->lock_release;
364 	lockinfo.thread_set_flag = pli->thread_set_flag;
365 	lockinfo.thread_clr_flag = pli->thread_clr_flag;
366 	lockinfo.at_fork = pli->at_fork;
367 
368 	/* restore thread locking state, this time with new locks */
369 	thread_mask_clear(~0);
370 	thread_mask_set(flags);
371 	dbg("_rtld_thread_init: done");
372 }
373 
374 void
375 _rtld_atfork_pre(int *locks)
376 {
377 	RtldLockState ls[2];
378 
379 	if (locks == NULL)
380 		return;
381 
382 	/*
383 	 * Warning: this did not worked well with the rtld compat
384 	 * locks above, when the thread signal mask was corrupted (set
385 	 * to all signals blocked) if two locks were taken
386 	 * simultaneously in the write mode.  The caller of the
387 	 * _rtld_atfork_pre() must provide the working implementation
388 	 * of the locks anyway, and libthr locks are fine.
389 	 */
390 	wlock_acquire(rtld_phdr_lock, &ls[0]);
391 	wlock_acquire(rtld_bind_lock, &ls[1]);
392 
393 	/* XXXKIB: I am really sorry for this. */
394 	locks[0] = ls[1].lockstate;
395 	locks[2] = ls[0].lockstate;
396 }
397 
398 void
399 _rtld_atfork_post(int *locks)
400 {
401 	RtldLockState ls[2];
402 
403 	if (locks == NULL)
404 		return;
405 
406 	bzero(ls, sizeof(ls));
407 	ls[0].lockstate = locks[2];
408 	ls[1].lockstate = locks[0];
409 	lock_release(rtld_bind_lock, &ls[1]);
410 	lock_release(rtld_phdr_lock, &ls[0]);
411 }
412