1 /*- 2 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause 3 * 4 * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1993 5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9 * are met: 10 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 14 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 15 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 16 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 17 * without specific prior written permission. 18 * 19 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 20 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 21 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 22 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 23 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 24 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 25 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 26 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 27 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 28 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 29 * SUCH DAMAGE. 30 */ 31 32 #if 0 33 #ifndef lint 34 static const char sccsid[] = "@(#)setup.c 8.10 (Berkeley) 5/9/95"; 35 #endif /* not lint */ 36 #endif 37 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 38 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$"); 39 40 #include <sys/param.h> 41 #include <sys/disk.h> 42 #include <sys/stat.h> 43 #define FSTYPENAMES 44 #include <sys/disklabel.h> 45 #include <sys/file.h> 46 #include <sys/sysctl.h> 47 48 #include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h> 49 #include <ufs/ffs/fs.h> 50 51 #include <ctype.h> 52 #include <err.h> 53 #include <errno.h> 54 #include <limits.h> 55 #include <stdint.h> 56 #include <string.h> 57 #include <libufs.h> 58 59 #include "fsck.h" 60 61 struct uufsd disk; 62 struct bufarea asblk; 63 #define altsblock (*asblk.b_un.b_fs) 64 #define POWEROF2(num) (((num) & ((num) - 1)) == 0) 65 66 static int calcsb(char *dev, int devfd, struct fs *fs); 67 static void saverecovery(int readfd, int writefd); 68 static int chkrecovery(int devfd); 69 70 /* 71 * Read in a superblock finding an alternate if necessary. 72 * Return 1 if successful, 0 if unsuccessful, -1 if file system 73 * is already clean (ckclean and preen mode only). 74 */ 75 int 76 setup(char *dev) 77 { 78 long cg, asked, i, j; 79 long bmapsize; 80 struct stat statb; 81 struct fs proto; 82 size_t size; 83 84 havesb = 0; 85 fswritefd = -1; 86 cursnapshot = 0; 87 if (stat(dev, &statb) < 0) { 88 printf("Can't stat %s: %s\n", dev, strerror(errno)); 89 if (bkgrdflag) { 90 unlink(snapname); 91 bkgrdflag = 0; 92 } 93 return (0); 94 } 95 if ((statb.st_mode & S_IFMT) != S_IFCHR && 96 (statb.st_mode & S_IFMT) != S_IFBLK) { 97 if (bkgrdflag != 0 && (statb.st_flags & SF_SNAPSHOT) == 0) { 98 unlink(snapname); 99 printf("background fsck lacks a snapshot\n"); 100 exit(EEXIT); 101 } 102 if ((statb.st_flags & SF_SNAPSHOT) != 0 && cvtlevel == 0) { 103 cursnapshot = statb.st_ino; 104 } else { 105 if (cvtlevel == 0 || 106 (statb.st_flags & SF_SNAPSHOT) == 0) { 107 if (preen && bkgrdflag) { 108 unlink(snapname); 109 bkgrdflag = 0; 110 } 111 pfatal("%s is not a disk device", dev); 112 if (reply("CONTINUE") == 0) { 113 if (bkgrdflag) { 114 unlink(snapname); 115 bkgrdflag = 0; 116 } 117 return (0); 118 } 119 } else { 120 if (bkgrdflag) { 121 unlink(snapname); 122 bkgrdflag = 0; 123 } 124 pfatal("cannot convert a snapshot"); 125 exit(EEXIT); 126 } 127 } 128 } 129 if ((fsreadfd = open(dev, O_RDONLY)) < 0 || 130 ufs_disk_fillout_blank(&disk, dev) < 0) { 131 if (bkgrdflag) { 132 unlink(snapname); 133 bkgrdflag = 0; 134 } 135 printf("Can't open %s: %s\n", dev, strerror(errno)); 136 return (0); 137 } 138 if (bkgrdflag) { 139 unlink(snapname); 140 size = MIBSIZE; 141 if (sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjrefcnt", adjrefcnt, &size) < 0|| 142 sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjblkcnt", adjblkcnt, &size) < 0|| 143 sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.setsize", setsize, &size) < 0 || 144 sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.freefiles", freefiles, &size) < 0|| 145 sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.freedirs", freedirs, &size) < 0 || 146 sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.freeblks", freeblks, &size) < 0) { 147 pfatal("kernel lacks background fsck support\n"); 148 exit(EEXIT); 149 } 150 /* 151 * When kernel is lack of runtime bgfsck superblock summary 152 * adjustment functionality, it does not mean we can not 153 * continue, as old kernels will recompute the summary at 154 * mount time. However, it will be an unexpected softupdates 155 * inconsistency if it turns out that the summary is still 156 * incorrect. Set a flag so subsequent operation can know 157 * this. 158 */ 159 bkgrdsumadj = 1; 160 if (sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjndir", adjndir, &size) < 0 || 161 sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjnbfree", adjnbfree, &size) < 0 || 162 sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjnifree", adjnifree, &size) < 0 || 163 sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjnffree", adjnffree, &size) < 0 || 164 sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjnumclusters", adjnumclusters, &size) < 0) { 165 bkgrdsumadj = 0; 166 pwarn("kernel lacks runtime superblock summary adjustment support"); 167 } 168 cmd.version = FFS_CMD_VERSION; 169 cmd.handle = fsreadfd; 170 fswritefd = -1; 171 } 172 if (preen == 0) 173 printf("** %s", dev); 174 if (bkgrdflag == 0 && 175 (nflag || ufs_disk_write(&disk) < 0 || 176 (fswritefd = dup(disk.d_fd)) < 0)) { 177 fswritefd = -1; 178 if (preen) 179 pfatal("NO WRITE ACCESS"); 180 printf(" (NO WRITE)"); 181 } 182 if (preen == 0) 183 printf("\n"); 184 /* 185 * Read in the superblock, looking for alternates if necessary 186 */ 187 if (readsb(1) == 0) { 188 skipclean = 0; 189 if (bflag || preen || calcsb(dev, fsreadfd, &proto) == 0) 190 return(0); 191 if (reply("LOOK FOR ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS") == 0) 192 return (0); 193 for (cg = 0; cg < proto.fs_ncg; cg++) { 194 bflag = fsbtodb(&proto, cgsblock(&proto, cg)); 195 if (readsb(0) != 0) 196 break; 197 } 198 if (cg >= proto.fs_ncg) { 199 printf("%s %s\n%s %s\n%s %s\n", 200 "SEARCH FOR ALTERNATE SUPER-BLOCK", 201 "FAILED. YOU MUST USE THE", 202 "-b OPTION TO FSCK TO SPECIFY THE", 203 "LOCATION OF AN ALTERNATE", 204 "SUPER-BLOCK TO SUPPLY NEEDED", 205 "INFORMATION; SEE fsck_ffs(8)."); 206 bflag = 0; 207 return(0); 208 } 209 pwarn("USING ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCK AT %jd\n", bflag); 210 bflag = 0; 211 } 212 /* Save copy of things needed by libufs */ 213 memcpy(&disk.d_fs, &sblock, sblock.fs_sbsize); 214 disk.d_ufs = (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC) ? 1 : 2; 215 disk.d_bsize = sblock.fs_fsize / fsbtodb(&sblock, 1); 216 disk.d_sblock = sblock.fs_sblockloc / disk.d_bsize; 217 disk.d_sbcsum = sblock.fs_csp; 218 219 if (skipclean && ckclean && sblock.fs_clean) { 220 pwarn("FILE SYSTEM CLEAN; SKIPPING CHECKS\n"); 221 return (-1); 222 } 223 maxfsblock = sblock.fs_size; 224 maxino = sblock.fs_ncg * sblock.fs_ipg; 225 /* 226 * Check and potentially fix certain fields in the super block. 227 */ 228 if (sblock.fs_optim != FS_OPTTIME && sblock.fs_optim != FS_OPTSPACE) { 229 pfatal("UNDEFINED OPTIMIZATION IN SUPERBLOCK"); 230 if (reply("SET TO DEFAULT") == 1) { 231 sblock.fs_optim = FS_OPTTIME; 232 sbdirty(); 233 } 234 } 235 if ((sblock.fs_minfree < 0 || sblock.fs_minfree > 99)) { 236 pfatal("IMPOSSIBLE MINFREE=%d IN SUPERBLOCK", 237 sblock.fs_minfree); 238 if (reply("SET TO DEFAULT") == 1) { 239 sblock.fs_minfree = 10; 240 sbdirty(); 241 } 242 } 243 if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC && 244 sblock.fs_old_inodefmt < FS_44INODEFMT) { 245 pwarn("Format of file system is too old.\n"); 246 pwarn("Must update to modern format using a version of fsck\n"); 247 pfatal("from before 2002 with the command ``fsck -c 2''\n"); 248 exit(EEXIT); 249 } 250 if (asblk.b_dirty && !bflag) { 251 memmove(&altsblock, &sblock, (size_t)sblock.fs_sbsize); 252 flush(fswritefd, &asblk); 253 } 254 if (preen == 0 && yflag == 0 && sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS2_MAGIC && 255 fswritefd != -1 && chkrecovery(fsreadfd) == 0 && 256 reply("SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS") != 0) 257 saverecovery(fsreadfd, fswritefd); 258 /* 259 * read in the summary info. 260 */ 261 asked = 0; 262 sblock.fs_csp = Calloc(1, sblock.fs_cssize); 263 if (sblock.fs_csp == NULL) { 264 printf("cannot alloc %u bytes for cg summary info\n", 265 (unsigned)sblock.fs_cssize); 266 goto badsb; 267 } 268 for (i = 0, j = 0; i < sblock.fs_cssize; i += sblock.fs_bsize, j++) { 269 size = MIN(sblock.fs_cssize - i, sblock.fs_bsize); 270 readcnt[sblk.b_type]++; 271 if (blread(fsreadfd, (char *)sblock.fs_csp + i, 272 fsbtodb(&sblock, sblock.fs_csaddr + j * sblock.fs_frag), 273 size) != 0 && !asked) { 274 pfatal("BAD SUMMARY INFORMATION"); 275 if (reply("CONTINUE") == 0) { 276 ckfini(0); 277 exit(EEXIT); 278 } 279 asked++; 280 } 281 } 282 /* 283 * allocate and initialize the necessary maps 284 */ 285 bmapsize = roundup(howmany(maxfsblock, CHAR_BIT), sizeof(short)); 286 blockmap = Calloc((unsigned)bmapsize, sizeof (char)); 287 if (blockmap == NULL) { 288 printf("cannot alloc %u bytes for blockmap\n", 289 (unsigned)bmapsize); 290 goto badsb; 291 } 292 inostathead = Calloc(sblock.fs_ncg, sizeof(struct inostatlist)); 293 if (inostathead == NULL) { 294 printf("cannot alloc %u bytes for inostathead\n", 295 (unsigned)(sizeof(struct inostatlist) * (sblock.fs_ncg))); 296 goto badsb; 297 } 298 numdirs = MAX(sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir, 128); 299 dirhash = numdirs; 300 inplast = 0; 301 listmax = numdirs + 10; 302 inpsort = (struct inoinfo **)Calloc(listmax, sizeof(struct inoinfo *)); 303 inphead = (struct inoinfo **)Calloc(numdirs, sizeof(struct inoinfo *)); 304 if (inpsort == NULL || inphead == NULL) { 305 printf("cannot alloc %ju bytes for inphead\n", 306 (uintmax_t)numdirs * sizeof(struct inoinfo *)); 307 goto badsb; 308 } 309 bufinit(); 310 if (sblock.fs_flags & FS_DOSOFTDEP) 311 usedsoftdep = 1; 312 else 313 usedsoftdep = 0; 314 return (1); 315 316 badsb: 317 ckfini(0); 318 return (0); 319 } 320 321 /* 322 * Read in the super block and its summary info. 323 */ 324 int 325 readsb(int listerr) 326 { 327 off_t super; 328 int bad, ret; 329 struct fs *fs; 330 331 super = bflag ? bflag * dev_bsize : STDSB; 332 readcnt[sblk.b_type]++; 333 if ((ret = sbget(fsreadfd, &fs, super)) != 0) { 334 switch (ret) { 335 case EINVAL: 336 /* Superblock check-hash failed */ 337 return (0); 338 case ENOENT: 339 if (bflag) 340 fprintf(stderr, "%jd is not a file system " 341 "superblock\n", super / dev_bsize); 342 else 343 fprintf(stderr, "Cannot find file system " 344 "superblock\n"); 345 return (0); 346 case EIO: 347 default: 348 fprintf(stderr, "I/O error reading %jd\n", 349 super / dev_bsize); 350 return (0); 351 } 352 } 353 memcpy(&sblock, fs, fs->fs_sbsize); 354 free(fs); 355 /* 356 * Compute block size that the file system is based on, 357 * according to fsbtodb, and adjust superblock block number 358 * so we can tell if this is an alternate later. 359 */ 360 dev_bsize = sblock.fs_fsize / fsbtodb(&sblock, 1); 361 sblk.b_bno = sblock.fs_sblockactualloc / dev_bsize; 362 sblk.b_size = SBLOCKSIZE; 363 /* 364 * Compare all fields that should not differ in alternate super block. 365 * When an alternate super-block is specified this check is skipped. 366 */ 367 if (bflag) 368 goto out; 369 getblk(&asblk, cgsblock(&sblock, sblock.fs_ncg - 1), sblock.fs_sbsize); 370 if (asblk.b_errs) 371 return (0); 372 bad = 0; 373 #define CHK(x, y) \ 374 if (altsblock.x != sblock.x) { \ 375 bad++; \ 376 if (listerr && debug) \ 377 printf("SUPER BLOCK VS ALTERNATE MISMATCH %s: " y " vs " y "\n", \ 378 #x, (intmax_t)sblock.x, (intmax_t)altsblock.x); \ 379 } 380 CHK(fs_sblkno, "%jd"); 381 CHK(fs_cblkno, "%jd"); 382 CHK(fs_iblkno, "%jd"); 383 CHK(fs_dblkno, "%jd"); 384 CHK(fs_ncg, "%jd"); 385 CHK(fs_bsize, "%jd"); 386 CHK(fs_fsize, "%jd"); 387 CHK(fs_frag, "%jd"); 388 CHK(fs_bmask, "%#jx"); 389 CHK(fs_fmask, "%#jx"); 390 CHK(fs_bshift, "%jd"); 391 CHK(fs_fshift, "%jd"); 392 CHK(fs_fragshift, "%jd"); 393 CHK(fs_fsbtodb, "%jd"); 394 CHK(fs_sbsize, "%jd"); 395 CHK(fs_nindir, "%jd"); 396 CHK(fs_inopb, "%jd"); 397 CHK(fs_cssize, "%jd"); 398 CHK(fs_ipg, "%jd"); 399 CHK(fs_fpg, "%jd"); 400 CHK(fs_magic, "%#jx"); 401 #undef CHK 402 if (bad) { 403 if (listerr == 0) 404 return (0); 405 if (preen) 406 printf("%s: ", cdevname); 407 printf( 408 "VALUES IN SUPER BLOCK LSB=%jd DISAGREE WITH THOSE IN\n" 409 "LAST ALTERNATE LSB=%jd\n", 410 sblk.b_bno, asblk.b_bno); 411 if (reply("IGNORE ALTERNATE SUPER BLOCK") == 0) 412 return (0); 413 } 414 out: 415 /* 416 * If not yet done, update UFS1 superblock with new wider fields. 417 */ 418 if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC && 419 sblock.fs_maxbsize != sblock.fs_bsize) { 420 sblock.fs_maxbsize = sblock.fs_bsize; 421 sblock.fs_time = sblock.fs_old_time; 422 sblock.fs_size = sblock.fs_old_size; 423 sblock.fs_dsize = sblock.fs_old_dsize; 424 sblock.fs_csaddr = sblock.fs_old_csaddr; 425 sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_ndir; 426 sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nbfree; 427 sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nifree = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nifree; 428 sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nffree; 429 } 430 havesb = 1; 431 return (1); 432 } 433 434 void 435 sblock_init(void) 436 { 437 438 fswritefd = -1; 439 fsmodified = 0; 440 lfdir = 0; 441 initbarea(&sblk, BT_SUPERBLK); 442 initbarea(&asblk, BT_SUPERBLK); 443 sblk.b_un.b_buf = Malloc(SBLOCKSIZE); 444 asblk.b_un.b_buf = Malloc(SBLOCKSIZE); 445 if (sblk.b_un.b_buf == NULL || asblk.b_un.b_buf == NULL) 446 errx(EEXIT, "cannot allocate space for superblock"); 447 dev_bsize = secsize = DEV_BSIZE; 448 } 449 450 /* 451 * Calculate a prototype superblock based on information in the boot area. 452 * When done the cgsblock macro can be calculated and the fs_ncg field 453 * can be used. Do NOT attempt to use other macros without verifying that 454 * their needed information is available! 455 */ 456 static int 457 calcsb(char *dev, int devfd, struct fs *fs) 458 { 459 struct fsrecovery *fsr; 460 char *fsrbuf; 461 u_int secsize; 462 463 /* 464 * We need fragments-per-group and the partition-size. 465 * 466 * Newfs stores these details at the end of the boot block area 467 * at the start of the filesystem partition. If they have been 468 * overwritten by a boot block, we fail. But usually they are 469 * there and we can use them. 470 */ 471 if (ioctl(devfd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &secsize) == -1) 472 return (0); 473 fsrbuf = Malloc(secsize); 474 if (fsrbuf == NULL) 475 errx(EEXIT, "calcsb: cannot allocate recovery buffer"); 476 if (blread(devfd, fsrbuf, 477 (SBLOCK_UFS2 - secsize) / dev_bsize, secsize) != 0) 478 return (0); 479 fsr = (struct fsrecovery *)&fsrbuf[secsize - sizeof *fsr]; 480 if (fsr->fsr_magic != FS_UFS2_MAGIC) 481 return (0); 482 memset(fs, 0, sizeof(struct fs)); 483 fs->fs_fpg = fsr->fsr_fpg; 484 fs->fs_fsbtodb = fsr->fsr_fsbtodb; 485 fs->fs_sblkno = fsr->fsr_sblkno; 486 fs->fs_magic = fsr->fsr_magic; 487 fs->fs_ncg = fsr->fsr_ncg; 488 free(fsrbuf); 489 return (1); 490 } 491 492 /* 493 * Check to see if recovery information exists. 494 * Return 1 if it exists or cannot be created. 495 * Return 0 if it does not exist and can be created. 496 */ 497 static int 498 chkrecovery(int devfd) 499 { 500 struct fsrecovery *fsr; 501 char *fsrbuf; 502 u_int secsize; 503 504 /* 505 * Could not determine if backup material exists, so do not 506 * offer to create it. 507 */ 508 if (ioctl(devfd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &secsize) == -1 || 509 (fsrbuf = Malloc(secsize)) == NULL || 510 blread(devfd, fsrbuf, (SBLOCK_UFS2 - secsize) / dev_bsize, 511 secsize) != 0) 512 return (1); 513 /* 514 * Recovery material has already been created, so do not 515 * need to create it again. 516 */ 517 fsr = (struct fsrecovery *)&fsrbuf[secsize - sizeof *fsr]; 518 if (fsr->fsr_magic == FS_UFS2_MAGIC) { 519 free(fsrbuf); 520 return (1); 521 } 522 /* 523 * Recovery material has not been created and can be if desired. 524 */ 525 free(fsrbuf); 526 return (0); 527 } 528 529 /* 530 * Read the last sector of the boot block, replace the last 531 * 20 bytes with the recovery information, then write it back. 532 * The recovery information only works for UFS2 filesystems. 533 */ 534 static void 535 saverecovery(int readfd, int writefd) 536 { 537 struct fsrecovery *fsr; 538 char *fsrbuf; 539 u_int secsize; 540 541 if (sblock.fs_magic != FS_UFS2_MAGIC || 542 ioctl(readfd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &secsize) == -1 || 543 (fsrbuf = Malloc(secsize)) == NULL || 544 blread(readfd, fsrbuf, (SBLOCK_UFS2 - secsize) / dev_bsize, 545 secsize) != 0) { 546 printf("RECOVERY DATA COULD NOT BE CREATED\n"); 547 return; 548 } 549 fsr = (struct fsrecovery *)&fsrbuf[secsize - sizeof *fsr]; 550 fsr->fsr_magic = sblock.fs_magic; 551 fsr->fsr_fpg = sblock.fs_fpg; 552 fsr->fsr_fsbtodb = sblock.fs_fsbtodb; 553 fsr->fsr_sblkno = sblock.fs_sblkno; 554 fsr->fsr_ncg = sblock.fs_ncg; 555 blwrite(writefd, fsrbuf, (SBLOCK_UFS2 - secsize) / secsize, secsize); 556 free(fsrbuf); 557 } 558