xref: /freebsd/sbin/mount_nfs/mount_nfs.c (revision e3aa18ad)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1992, 1993, 1994
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
8  * Rick Macklem at The University of Guelph.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
19  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
20  *    without specific prior written permission.
21  *
22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
23  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
24  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
25  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
26  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
27  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
28  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
29  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
30  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
31  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
32  * SUCH DAMAGE.
33  */
34 
35 #if 0
36 #ifndef lint
37 static const char copyright[] =
38 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1992, 1993, 1994\n\
39 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
40 #endif /* not lint */
41 
42 #ifndef lint
43 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)mount_nfs.c	8.11 (Berkeley) 5/4/95";
44 #endif /* not lint */
45 #endif
46 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
47 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
48 
49 #include <sys/param.h>
50 #include <sys/linker.h>
51 #include <sys/module.h>
52 #include <sys/mount.h>
53 #include <sys/socket.h>
54 #include <sys/stat.h>
55 #include <sys/syslog.h>
56 #include <sys/uio.h>
57 
58 #include <rpc/rpc.h>
59 #include <rpc/pmap_clnt.h>
60 #include <rpc/pmap_prot.h>
61 #include <rpcsvc/nfs_prot.h>
62 #include <rpcsvc/mount.h>
63 
64 #include <fs/nfs/nfsproto.h>
65 #include <fs/nfs/nfsv4_errstr.h>
66 
67 #include <arpa/inet.h>
68 #include <net/route.h>
69 #include <net/if.h>
70 
71 #include <ctype.h>
72 #include <err.h>
73 #include <errno.h>
74 #include <fcntl.h>
75 #include <netdb.h>
76 #include <stdio.h>
77 #include <stdlib.h>
78 #include <string.h>
79 #include <strings.h>
80 #include <sysexits.h>
81 #include <unistd.h>
82 
83 #include "mntopts.h"
84 #include "mounttab.h"
85 
86 /* Table for af,sotype -> netid conversions. */
87 static struct nc_protos {
88 	const char *netid;
89 	int af;
90 	int sotype;
91 } nc_protos[] = {
92 	{"udp",		AF_INET,	SOCK_DGRAM},
93 	{"tcp",		AF_INET,	SOCK_STREAM},
94 	{"udp6",	AF_INET6,	SOCK_DGRAM},
95 	{"tcp6",	AF_INET6,	SOCK_STREAM},
96 	{NULL,		0,		0}
97 };
98 
99 struct nfhret {
100 	u_long		stat;
101 	long		vers;
102 	long		auth;
103 	long		fhsize;
104 	u_char		nfh[NFS3_FHSIZE];
105 };
106 #define	BGRND		0x01
107 #define	ISBGRND		0x02
108 #define	OF_NOINET4	0x04
109 #define	OF_NOINET6	0x08
110 #define	BGRNDNOW	0x10
111 static int retrycnt = -1;
112 static int opflags = 0;
113 static int nfsproto = IPPROTO_TCP;
114 static int mnttcp_ok = 1;
115 static int noconn = 0;
116 /* The 'portspec' is the server nfs port; NULL means look up via rpcbind. */
117 static const char *portspec = NULL;
118 static struct sockaddr *addr;
119 static int addrlen = 0;
120 static u_char *fh = NULL;
121 static int fhsize = 0;
122 static int secflavor = -1;
123 static int got_principal = 0;
124 
125 static enum mountmode {
126 	ANY,
127 	V2,
128 	V3,
129 	V4
130 } mountmode = ANY;
131 
132 /* Return codes for nfs_tryproto. */
133 enum tryret {
134 	TRYRET_SUCCESS,
135 	TRYRET_TIMEOUT,		/* No response received. */
136 	TRYRET_REMOTEERR,	/* Error received from remote server. */
137 	TRYRET_LOCALERR		/* Local failure. */
138 };
139 
140 static int	sec_name_to_num(const char *sec);
141 static const char	*sec_num_to_name(int num);
142 static int	getnfsargs(char **, char **, struct iovec **iov, int *iovlen);
143 /* void	set_rpc_maxgrouplist(int); */
144 static struct netconfig *getnetconf_cached(const char *netid);
145 static const char	*netidbytype(int af, int sotype);
146 static void	usage(void) __dead2;
147 static int	xdr_dir(XDR *, char *);
148 static int	xdr_fh(XDR *, struct nfhret *);
149 static enum tryret nfs_tryproto(struct addrinfo *ai, char *hostp, char *spec,
150     char **errstr, struct iovec **iov, int *iovlen);
151 static enum tryret returncode(enum clnt_stat stat, struct rpc_err *rpcerr);
152 
153 int
154 main(int argc, char *argv[])
155 {
156 	int c;
157 	struct iovec *iov;
158 	int num, iovlen;
159 	char *host, *mntname, *p, *spec, *tmp;
160 	char mntpath[MAXPATHLEN], errmsg[255];
161 	char hostname[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 1], gssn[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 50];
162 	const char *gssname, *nmount_errstr;
163 
164 	iov = NULL;
165 	iovlen = 0;
166 	memset(errmsg, 0, sizeof(errmsg));
167 	gssname = NULL;
168 
169 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv,
170 	    "23a:bcdD:g:I:iLlNo:PR:r:sTt:w:x:U")) != -1)
171 		switch (c) {
172 		case '2':
173 			mountmode = V2;
174 			break;
175 		case '3':
176 			mountmode = V3;
177 			break;
178 		case 'a':
179 			printf("-a deprecated, use -o readahead=<value>\n");
180 			build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "readahead", optarg, (size_t)-1);
181 			break;
182 		case 'b':
183 			opflags |= BGRND;
184 			break;
185 		case 'c':
186 			printf("-c deprecated, use -o noconn\n");
187 			build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "noconn", NULL, 0);
188 			noconn = 1;
189 			break;
190 		case 'D':
191 			printf("-D deprecated, use -o deadthresh=<value>\n");
192 			build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "deadthresh", optarg, (size_t)-1);
193 			break;
194 		case 'd':
195 			printf("-d deprecated, use -o dumbtimer");
196 			build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "dumbtimer", NULL, 0);
197 			break;
198 		case 'g':
199 			printf("-g deprecated, use -o maxgroups");
200 			num = strtol(optarg, &p, 10);
201 			if (*p || num <= 0)
202 				errx(1, "illegal -g value -- %s", optarg);
203 			//set_rpc_maxgrouplist(num);
204 			build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "maxgroups", optarg, (size_t)-1);
205 			break;
206 		case 'I':
207 			printf("-I deprecated, use -o readdirsize=<value>\n");
208 			build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "readdirsize", optarg, (size_t)-1);
209 			break;
210 		case 'i':
211 			printf("-i deprecated, use -o intr\n");
212 			build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "intr", NULL, 0);
213 			break;
214 		case 'L':
215 			printf("-L deprecated, use -o nolockd\n");
216 			build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "nolockd", NULL, 0);
217 			break;
218 		case 'l':
219 			printf("-l deprecated, -o rdirplus\n");
220 			build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "rdirplus", NULL, 0);
221 			break;
222 		case 'N':
223 			printf("-N deprecated, do not specify -o resvport\n");
224 			break;
225 		case 'o': {
226 			int pass_flag_to_nmount;
227 			char *opt = optarg;
228 			while (opt) {
229 				char *pval = NULL;
230 				char *pnextopt = NULL;
231 				const char *val = "";
232 				pass_flag_to_nmount = 1;
233 				pnextopt = strchr(opt, ',');
234 				if (pnextopt != NULL) {
235 					*pnextopt = '\0';
236 					pnextopt++;
237 				}
238 				pval = strchr(opt, '=');
239 				if (pval != NULL) {
240 					*pval = '\0';
241 					val = pval + 1;
242 				}
243 				if (strcmp(opt, "bg") == 0) {
244 					opflags |= BGRND;
245 					pass_flag_to_nmount=0;
246 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "bgnow") == 0) {
247 					opflags |= BGRNDNOW;
248 					pass_flag_to_nmount=0;
249 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "fg") == 0) {
250 					/* same as not specifying -o bg */
251 					pass_flag_to_nmount=0;
252 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "gssname") == 0) {
253 					pass_flag_to_nmount = 0;
254 					gssname = val;
255 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "mntudp") == 0) {
256 					mnttcp_ok = 0;
257 					nfsproto = IPPROTO_UDP;
258 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "udp") == 0) {
259 					nfsproto = IPPROTO_UDP;
260 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "tcp") == 0) {
261 					nfsproto = IPPROTO_TCP;
262 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "noinet4") == 0) {
263 					pass_flag_to_nmount=0;
264 					opflags |= OF_NOINET4;
265 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "noinet6") == 0) {
266 					pass_flag_to_nmount=0;
267 					opflags |= OF_NOINET6;
268 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "noconn") == 0) {
269 					noconn = 1;
270 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "nfsv2") == 0) {
271 					pass_flag_to_nmount=0;
272 					mountmode = V2;
273 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "nfsv3") == 0) {
274 					mountmode = V3;
275 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "nfsv4") == 0) {
276 					pass_flag_to_nmount=0;
277 					mountmode = V4;
278 					nfsproto = IPPROTO_TCP;
279 					if (portspec == NULL)
280 						portspec = "2049";
281 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "port") == 0) {
282 					pass_flag_to_nmount=0;
283 					asprintf(&tmp, "%d", atoi(val));
284 					if (tmp == NULL)
285 						err(1, "asprintf");
286 					portspec = tmp;
287 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "principal") == 0) {
288 					got_principal = 1;
289 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "proto") == 0) {
290 					pass_flag_to_nmount=0;
291 					if (strcmp(val, "tcp") == 0) {
292 						nfsproto = IPPROTO_TCP;
293 						opflags |= OF_NOINET6;
294 						build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen,
295 						    "tcp", NULL, 0);
296 					} else if (strcmp(val, "udp") == 0) {
297 						mnttcp_ok = 0;
298 						nfsproto = IPPROTO_UDP;
299 						opflags |= OF_NOINET6;
300 						build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen,
301 						    "udp", NULL, 0);
302 					} else if (strcmp(val, "tcp6") == 0) {
303 						nfsproto = IPPROTO_TCP;
304 						opflags |= OF_NOINET4;
305 						build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen,
306 						    "tcp", NULL, 0);
307 					} else if (strcmp(val, "udp6") == 0) {
308 						mnttcp_ok = 0;
309 						nfsproto = IPPROTO_UDP;
310 						opflags |= OF_NOINET4;
311 						build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen,
312 						    "udp", NULL, 0);
313 					} else {
314 						errx(1,
315 						    "illegal proto value -- %s",
316 						    val);
317 					}
318 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "sec") == 0) {
319 					/*
320 					 * Don't add this option to
321 					 * the iovec yet - we will
322 					 * negotiate which sec flavor
323 					 * to use with the remote
324 					 * mountd.
325 					 */
326 					pass_flag_to_nmount=0;
327 					secflavor = sec_name_to_num(val);
328 					if (secflavor < 0) {
329 						errx(1,
330 						    "illegal sec value -- %s",
331 						    val);
332 					}
333 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "retrycnt") == 0) {
334 					pass_flag_to_nmount=0;
335 					num = strtol(val, &p, 10);
336 					if (*p || num < 0)
337 						errx(1, "illegal retrycnt value -- %s", val);
338 					retrycnt = num;
339 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "maxgroups") == 0) {
340 					num = strtol(val, &p, 10);
341 					if (*p || num <= 0)
342 						errx(1, "illegal maxgroups value -- %s", val);
343 					//set_rpc_maxgrouplist(num);
344 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "vers") == 0) {
345 					num = strtol(val, &p, 10);
346 					if (*p || num <= 0)
347 						errx(1, "illegal vers value -- "
348 						    "%s", val);
349 					switch (num) {
350 					case 2:
351 						mountmode = V2;
352 						break;
353 					case 3:
354 						mountmode = V3;
355 						build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen,
356 						    "nfsv3", NULL, 0);
357 						break;
358 					case 4:
359 						mountmode = V4;
360 						nfsproto = IPPROTO_TCP;
361 						if (portspec == NULL)
362 							portspec = "2049";
363 						break;
364 					default:
365 						errx(1, "illegal nfs version "
366 						    "value -- %s", val);
367 					}
368 					pass_flag_to_nmount=0;
369 				}
370 				if (pass_flag_to_nmount) {
371 					build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, opt,
372 					    __DECONST(void *, val),
373 					    strlen(val) + 1);
374 				}
375 				opt = pnextopt;
376 			}
377 			}
378 			break;
379 		case 'P':
380 			/* obsolete for -o noresvport now default */
381 			printf("-P deprecated, use -o noresvport\n");
382 			build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "noresvport", NULL, 0);
383 			break;
384 		case 'R':
385 			printf("-R deprecated, use -o retrycnt=<retrycnt>\n");
386 			num = strtol(optarg, &p, 10);
387 			if (*p || num < 0)
388 				errx(1, "illegal -R value -- %s", optarg);
389 			retrycnt = num;
390 			break;
391 		case 'r':
392 			printf("-r deprecated, use -o rsize=<rsize>\n");
393 			build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "rsize", optarg, (size_t)-1);
394 			break;
395 		case 's':
396 			printf("-s deprecated, use -o soft\n");
397 			build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "soft", NULL, 0);
398 			break;
399 		case 'T':
400 			nfsproto = IPPROTO_TCP;
401 			printf("-T deprecated, use -o tcp\n");
402 			break;
403 		case 't':
404 			printf("-t deprecated, use -o timeout=<value>\n");
405 			build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "timeout", optarg, (size_t)-1);
406 			break;
407 		case 'w':
408 			printf("-w deprecated, use -o wsize=<value>\n");
409 			build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "wsize", optarg, (size_t)-1);
410 			break;
411 		case 'x':
412 			printf("-x deprecated, use -o retrans=<value>\n");
413 			build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "retrans", optarg, (size_t)-1);
414 			break;
415 		case 'U':
416 			printf("-U deprecated, use -o mntudp\n");
417 			mnttcp_ok = 0;
418 			nfsproto = IPPROTO_UDP;
419 			build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "mntudp", NULL, 0);
420 			break;
421 		default:
422 			usage();
423 			break;
424 		}
425 	argc -= optind;
426 	argv += optind;
427 
428 	if ((opflags & (BGRND | BGRNDNOW)) == (BGRND | BGRNDNOW))
429 		errx(1, "Options bg and bgnow are mutually exclusive");
430 
431 	if (argc != 2) {
432 		usage();
433 		/* NOTREACHED */
434 	}
435 
436 	spec = *argv++;
437 	mntname = *argv;
438 
439 	if (retrycnt == -1)
440 		/* The default is to keep retrying forever. */
441 		retrycnt = 0;
442 
443 	if (modfind("nfscl") < 0) {
444 		/* Not present in kernel, try loading it */
445 		if (kldload("nfscl") < 0 ||
446 		    modfind("nfscl") < 0)
447 			errx(1, "nfscl is not available");
448 	}
449 
450 	/*
451 	 * Add the fqdn to the gssname, as required.
452 	 */
453 	if (gssname != NULL) {
454 		if (strchr(gssname, '@') == NULL &&
455 		    gethostname(hostname, MAXHOSTNAMELEN) == 0) {
456 			snprintf(gssn, sizeof (gssn), "%s@%s", gssname,
457 			    hostname);
458 			gssname = gssn;
459 		}
460 		build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "gssname",
461 		    __DECONST(void *, gssname), strlen(gssname) + 1);
462 	}
463 
464 	if (!getnfsargs(&spec, &host, &iov, &iovlen))
465 		exit(1);
466 
467 	/* resolve the mountpoint with realpath(3) */
468 	if (checkpath(mntname, mntpath) != 0)
469 		err(1, "%s", mntpath);
470 
471 	build_iovec_argf(&iov, &iovlen, "fstype", "nfs");
472 	build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "fspath", mntpath, (size_t)-1);
473 	build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "errmsg", errmsg, sizeof(errmsg));
474 
475 	if (nmount(iov, iovlen, 0)) {
476 		nmount_errstr = nfsv4_geterrstr(errno);
477 		if (mountmode == V4 && nmount_errstr != NULL)
478 			errx(1, "nmount: %s, %s", mntpath, nmount_errstr);
479 		else
480 			err(1, "nmount: %s%s%s", mntpath, errmsg[0] ? ", " : "",
481 			    errmsg);
482 	} else if (mountmode != V4 && !add_mtab(host, spec)) {
483 		/* Add mounted file system to PATH_MOUNTTAB */
484 		warnx("can't update %s for %s:%s", PATH_MOUNTTAB, host, spec);
485 	}
486 
487 	exit(0);
488 }
489 
490 static int
491 sec_name_to_num(const char *sec)
492 {
493 	if (!strcmp(sec, "krb5"))
494 		return (RPCSEC_GSS_KRB5);
495 	if (!strcmp(sec, "krb5i"))
496 		return (RPCSEC_GSS_KRB5I);
497 	if (!strcmp(sec, "krb5p"))
498 		return (RPCSEC_GSS_KRB5P);
499 	if (!strcmp(sec, "sys"))
500 		return (AUTH_SYS);
501 	return (-1);
502 }
503 
504 static const char *
505 sec_num_to_name(int flavor)
506 {
507 	switch (flavor) {
508 	case RPCSEC_GSS_KRB5:
509 		return ("krb5");
510 	case RPCSEC_GSS_KRB5I:
511 		return ("krb5i");
512 	case RPCSEC_GSS_KRB5P:
513 		return ("krb5p");
514 	case AUTH_SYS:
515 		return ("sys");
516 	}
517 	return (NULL);
518 }
519 
520 /*
521  * Wait for RTM_IFINFO message with interface that is IFF_UP and with
522  * link on, or until timeout expires.  Returns seconds left.
523  */
524 static time_t
525 rtm_ifinfo_sleep(time_t sec)
526 {
527 	char buf[2048] __aligned(__alignof(struct if_msghdr));
528 	fd_set rfds;
529 	struct timeval tv, start;
530 	ssize_t nread;
531 	int n, s;
532 
533 	s = socket(PF_ROUTE, SOCK_RAW, 0);
534 	if (s < 0)
535 		err(EX_OSERR, "socket");
536 	(void)gettimeofday(&start, NULL);
537 
538 	for (tv.tv_sec = sec, tv.tv_usec = 0;
539 	    tv.tv_sec > 0;
540 	    (void)gettimeofday(&tv, NULL),
541 	    tv.tv_sec = sec - (tv.tv_sec - start.tv_sec)) {
542 		FD_ZERO(&rfds);
543 		FD_SET(s, &rfds);
544 		n = select(s + 1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &tv);
545 		if (n == 0)
546 			continue;
547 		if (n == -1) {
548 			if (errno == EINTR)
549 				continue;
550 			else
551 				err(EX_SOFTWARE, "select");
552 		}
553 		nread = read(s, buf, 2048);
554 		if (nread < 0)
555 			err(EX_OSERR, "read");
556 		if ((size_t)nread >= sizeof(struct if_msghdr)) {
557 			struct if_msghdr *ifm;
558 
559 			ifm = (struct if_msghdr *)buf;
560 			if (ifm->ifm_version == RTM_VERSION &&
561 			    ifm->ifm_type == RTM_IFINFO &&
562 			    (ifm->ifm_flags & IFF_UP) &&
563 			    ifm->ifm_data.ifi_link_state != LINK_STATE_DOWN)
564 				break;
565 		}
566 	}
567 
568 	close(s);
569 
570 	return (tv.tv_sec);
571 }
572 
573 static int
574 getnfsargs(char **specp, char **hostpp, struct iovec **iov, int *iovlen)
575 {
576 	struct addrinfo hints, *ai_nfs, *ai;
577 	enum tryret ret;
578 	int ecode, speclen, remoteerr, offset, have_bracket = 0;
579 	char *hostp, *delimp, *errstr, *spec;
580 	size_t len;
581 	static char nam[MNAMELEN + 1], pname[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 5];
582 
583 	spec = *specp;
584 	if (*spec == '[' && (delimp = strchr(spec + 1, ']')) != NULL &&
585 	    *(delimp + 1) == ':') {
586 		hostp = spec + 1;
587 		spec = delimp + 2;
588 		have_bracket = 1;
589 	} else if ((delimp = strrchr(spec, ':')) != NULL) {
590 		hostp = spec;
591 		spec = delimp + 1;
592 	} else if ((delimp = strrchr(spec, '@')) != NULL) {
593 		warnx("path@server syntax is deprecated, use server:path");
594 		hostp = delimp + 1;
595 	} else {
596 		warnx("no <host>:<dirpath> nfs-name");
597 		return (0);
598 	}
599 	*delimp = '\0';
600 
601 	/*
602 	 * If there has been a trailing slash at mounttime it seems
603 	 * that some mountd implementations fail to remove the mount
604 	 * entries from their mountlist while unmounting.
605 	 */
606 	for (speclen = strlen(spec);
607 		speclen > 1 && spec[speclen - 1] == '/';
608 		speclen--)
609 		spec[speclen - 1] = '\0';
610 	if (strlen(hostp) + strlen(spec) + 1 > MNAMELEN) {
611 		warnx("%s:%s: %s", hostp, spec, strerror(ENAMETOOLONG));
612 		return (0);
613 	}
614 	/* Make both '@' and ':' notations equal */
615 	if (*hostp != '\0') {
616 		len = strlen(hostp);
617 		offset = 0;
618 		if (have_bracket)
619 			nam[offset++] = '[';
620 		memmove(nam + offset, hostp, len);
621 		if (have_bracket)
622 			nam[len + offset++] = ']';
623 		nam[len + offset++] = ':';
624 		memmove(nam + len + offset, spec, speclen);
625 		nam[len + speclen + offset] = '\0';
626 	}
627 
628 	/*
629 	 * Handle an internet host address.
630 	 */
631 	memset(&hints, 0, sizeof hints);
632 	hints.ai_flags = AI_NUMERICHOST;
633 	if (nfsproto == IPPROTO_TCP)
634 		hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
635 	else if (nfsproto == IPPROTO_UDP)
636 		hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM;
637 
638 	if (getaddrinfo(hostp, portspec, &hints, &ai_nfs) != 0) {
639 		hints.ai_flags = AI_CANONNAME;
640 		if ((ecode = getaddrinfo(hostp, portspec, &hints, &ai_nfs))
641 		    != 0) {
642 			if (portspec == NULL)
643 				errx(1, "%s: %s", hostp, gai_strerror(ecode));
644 			else
645 				errx(1, "%s:%s: %s", hostp, portspec,
646 				    gai_strerror(ecode));
647 			return (0);
648 		}
649 
650 		/*
651 		 * For a Kerberized nfs mount where the "principal"
652 		 * argument has not been set, add it here.
653 		 */
654 		if (got_principal == 0 && secflavor != AUTH_SYS &&
655 		    ai_nfs->ai_canonname != NULL) {
656 			snprintf(pname, sizeof (pname), "nfs@%s",
657 			    ai_nfs->ai_canonname);
658 			build_iovec(iov, iovlen, "principal", pname,
659 			    strlen(pname) + 1);
660 		}
661 	}
662 
663 	if ((opflags & (BGRNDNOW | ISBGRND)) == BGRNDNOW) {
664 		warnx("Mount %s:%s, backgrounding",
665 		    hostp, spec);
666 		opflags |= ISBGRND;
667 		if (daemon(0, 0) != 0)
668 			err(1, "daemon");
669 	}
670 
671 	ret = TRYRET_LOCALERR;
672 	for (;;) {
673 		/*
674 		 * Try each entry returned by getaddrinfo(). Note the
675 		 * occurrence of remote errors by setting `remoteerr'.
676 		 */
677 		remoteerr = 0;
678 		for (ai = ai_nfs; ai != NULL; ai = ai->ai_next) {
679 			if ((ai->ai_family == AF_INET6) &&
680 			    (opflags & OF_NOINET6))
681 				continue;
682 			if ((ai->ai_family == AF_INET) &&
683 			    (opflags & OF_NOINET4))
684 				continue;
685 			ret = nfs_tryproto(ai, hostp, spec, &errstr, iov,
686 			    iovlen);
687 			if (ret == TRYRET_SUCCESS)
688 				break;
689 			if (ret != TRYRET_LOCALERR)
690 				remoteerr = 1;
691 			if ((opflags & ISBGRND) == 0)
692 				fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", errstr);
693 		}
694 		if (ret == TRYRET_SUCCESS)
695 			break;
696 
697 		/* Exit if all errors were local. */
698 		if (!remoteerr)
699 			exit(1);
700 
701 		/*
702 		 * If retrycnt == 0, we are to keep retrying forever.
703 		 * Otherwise decrement it, and exit if it hits zero.
704 		 */
705 		if (retrycnt != 0 && --retrycnt == 0)
706 			exit(1);
707 
708 		if ((opflags & (BGRND | ISBGRND)) == BGRND) {
709 			warnx("Cannot immediately mount %s:%s, backgrounding",
710 			    hostp, spec);
711 			opflags |= ISBGRND;
712 			if (daemon(0, 0) != 0)
713 				err(1, "daemon");
714 		}
715 		/*
716 		 * If rtm_ifinfo_sleep() returns non-zero, don't count
717 		 * that as a retry attempt.
718 		 */
719 		if (rtm_ifinfo_sleep(60) && retrycnt != 0)
720 			retrycnt++;
721 	}
722 	freeaddrinfo(ai_nfs);
723 
724 	build_iovec(iov, iovlen, "hostname", nam, (size_t)-1);
725 
726 	*specp = spec;
727 	*hostpp = hostp;
728 	return (1);
729 }
730 
731 /*
732  * Try to set up the NFS arguments according to the address
733  * family, protocol (and possibly port) specified in `ai'.
734  *
735  * Returns TRYRET_SUCCESS if successful, or:
736  *   TRYRET_TIMEOUT		The server did not respond.
737  *   TRYRET_REMOTEERR		The server reported an error.
738  *   TRYRET_LOCALERR		Local failure.
739  *
740  * In all error cases, *errstr will be set to a statically-allocated string
741  * describing the error.
742  */
743 static enum tryret
744 nfs_tryproto(struct addrinfo *ai, char *hostp, char *spec, char **errstr,
745     struct iovec **iov, int *iovlen)
746 {
747 	static char errbuf[256];
748 	struct sockaddr_storage nfs_ss;
749 	struct netbuf nfs_nb;
750 	struct nfhret nfhret;
751 	struct timeval try;
752 	struct rpc_err rpcerr;
753 	CLIENT *clp;
754 	struct netconfig *nconf, *nconf_mnt;
755 	const char *netid, *netid_mnt, *secname;
756 	int doconnect, nfsvers, mntvers, sotype;
757 	enum clnt_stat clntstat;
758 	enum mountmode trymntmode;
759 
760 	sotype = 0;
761 	trymntmode = mountmode;
762 	errbuf[0] = '\0';
763 	*errstr = errbuf;
764 
765 	if (nfsproto == IPPROTO_TCP)
766 		sotype = SOCK_STREAM;
767 	else if (nfsproto == IPPROTO_UDP)
768 		sotype = SOCK_DGRAM;
769 
770 	if ((netid = netidbytype(ai->ai_family, sotype)) == NULL) {
771 		snprintf(errbuf, sizeof errbuf,
772 		    "af %d sotype %d not supported", ai->ai_family, sotype);
773 		return (TRYRET_LOCALERR);
774 	}
775 	if ((nconf = getnetconf_cached(netid)) == NULL) {
776 		snprintf(errbuf, sizeof errbuf, "%s: %s", netid, nc_sperror());
777 		return (TRYRET_LOCALERR);
778 	}
779 	/* The RPCPROG_MNT netid may be different. */
780 	if (mnttcp_ok) {
781 		netid_mnt = netid;
782 		nconf_mnt = nconf;
783 	} else {
784 		if ((netid_mnt = netidbytype(ai->ai_family, SOCK_DGRAM))
785 		     == NULL) {
786 			snprintf(errbuf, sizeof errbuf,
787 			    "af %d sotype SOCK_DGRAM not supported",
788 			     ai->ai_family);
789 			return (TRYRET_LOCALERR);
790 		}
791 		if ((nconf_mnt = getnetconf_cached(netid_mnt)) == NULL) {
792 			snprintf(errbuf, sizeof errbuf, "%s: %s", netid_mnt,
793 			    nc_sperror());
794 			return (TRYRET_LOCALERR);
795 		}
796 	}
797 
798 tryagain:
799 	if (trymntmode == V4) {
800 		nfsvers = 4;
801 		mntvers = 3; /* Workaround for GCC. */
802 	} else if (trymntmode == V2) {
803 		nfsvers = 2;
804 		mntvers = 1;
805 	} else {
806 		nfsvers = 3;
807 		mntvers = 3;
808 	}
809 
810 	if (portspec != NULL) {
811 		/* `ai' contains the complete nfsd sockaddr. */
812 		nfs_nb.buf = ai->ai_addr;
813 		nfs_nb.len = nfs_nb.maxlen = ai->ai_addrlen;
814 	} else {
815 		/* Ask the remote rpcbind. */
816 		nfs_nb.buf = &nfs_ss;
817 		nfs_nb.len = nfs_nb.maxlen = sizeof nfs_ss;
818 
819 		if (!rpcb_getaddr(NFS_PROGRAM, nfsvers, nconf, &nfs_nb,
820 		    hostp)) {
821 			if (rpc_createerr.cf_stat == RPC_PROGVERSMISMATCH &&
822 			    trymntmode == ANY) {
823 				trymntmode = V2;
824 				goto tryagain;
825 			}
826 			snprintf(errbuf, sizeof errbuf, "[%s] %s:%s: %s",
827 			    netid, hostp, spec,
828 			    clnt_spcreateerror("RPCPROG_NFS"));
829 			return (returncode(rpc_createerr.cf_stat,
830 			    &rpc_createerr.cf_error));
831 		}
832 	}
833 
834 	/* Check that the server (nfsd) responds on the port we have chosen. */
835 	clp = clnt_tli_create(RPC_ANYFD, nconf, &nfs_nb, NFS_PROGRAM, nfsvers,
836 	    0, 0);
837 	if (clp == NULL) {
838 		snprintf(errbuf, sizeof errbuf, "[%s] %s:%s: %s", netid,
839 		    hostp, spec, clnt_spcreateerror("nfsd: RPCPROG_NFS"));
840 		return (returncode(rpc_createerr.cf_stat,
841 		    &rpc_createerr.cf_error));
842 	}
843 	if (sotype == SOCK_DGRAM && noconn == 0) {
844 		/*
845 		 * Use connect(), to match what the kernel does. This
846 		 * catches cases where the server responds from the
847 		 * wrong source address.
848 		 */
849 		doconnect = 1;
850 		if (!clnt_control(clp, CLSET_CONNECT, (char *)&doconnect)) {
851 			clnt_destroy(clp);
852 			snprintf(errbuf, sizeof errbuf,
853 			    "[%s] %s:%s: CLSET_CONNECT failed", netid, hostp,
854 			    spec);
855 			return (TRYRET_LOCALERR);
856 		}
857 	}
858 
859 	try.tv_sec = 10;
860 	try.tv_usec = 0;
861 	clntstat = clnt_call(clp, NFSPROC_NULL, (xdrproc_t)xdr_void, NULL,
862 			 (xdrproc_t)xdr_void, NULL, try);
863 	if (clntstat != RPC_SUCCESS) {
864 		if (clntstat == RPC_PROGVERSMISMATCH && trymntmode == ANY) {
865 			clnt_destroy(clp);
866 			trymntmode = V2;
867 			goto tryagain;
868 		}
869 		clnt_geterr(clp, &rpcerr);
870 		snprintf(errbuf, sizeof errbuf, "[%s] %s:%s: %s", netid,
871 		    hostp, spec, clnt_sperror(clp, "NFSPROC_NULL"));
872 		clnt_destroy(clp);
873 		return (returncode(clntstat, &rpcerr));
874 	}
875 	clnt_destroy(clp);
876 
877 	/*
878 	 * For NFSv4, there is no mount protocol.
879 	 */
880 	if (trymntmode == V4) {
881 		/*
882 		 * Store the server address in nfsargsp, making
883 		 * sure to copy any locally allocated structures.
884 		 */
885 		addrlen = nfs_nb.len;
886 		addr = malloc(addrlen);
887 		if (addr == NULL)
888 			err(1, "malloc");
889 		bcopy(nfs_nb.buf, addr, addrlen);
890 
891 		build_iovec(iov, iovlen, "addr", addr, addrlen);
892 		secname = sec_num_to_name(secflavor);
893 		if (secname != NULL) {
894 			build_iovec(iov, iovlen, "sec",
895 			    __DECONST(void *, secname), (size_t)-1);
896 		}
897 		build_iovec(iov, iovlen, "nfsv4", NULL, 0);
898 		build_iovec(iov, iovlen, "dirpath", spec, (size_t)-1);
899 
900 		return (TRYRET_SUCCESS);
901 	}
902 
903 	/* Send the MOUNTPROC_MNT RPC to get the root filehandle. */
904 	try.tv_sec = 10;
905 	try.tv_usec = 0;
906 	clp = clnt_tp_create(hostp, MOUNTPROG, mntvers, nconf_mnt);
907 	if (clp == NULL) {
908 		snprintf(errbuf, sizeof errbuf, "[%s] %s:%s: %s", netid_mnt,
909 		    hostp, spec, clnt_spcreateerror("RPCMNT: clnt_create"));
910 		return (returncode(rpc_createerr.cf_stat,
911 		    &rpc_createerr.cf_error));
912 	}
913 	clp->cl_auth = authsys_create_default();
914 	nfhret.auth = secflavor;
915 	nfhret.vers = mntvers;
916 	clntstat = clnt_call(clp, MOUNTPROC_MNT, (xdrproc_t)xdr_dir, spec,
917 			 (xdrproc_t)xdr_fh, &nfhret,
918 	    try);
919 	auth_destroy(clp->cl_auth);
920 	if (clntstat != RPC_SUCCESS) {
921 		if (clntstat == RPC_PROGVERSMISMATCH && trymntmode == ANY) {
922 			clnt_destroy(clp);
923 			trymntmode = V2;
924 			goto tryagain;
925 		}
926 		clnt_geterr(clp, &rpcerr);
927 		snprintf(errbuf, sizeof errbuf, "[%s] %s:%s: %s", netid_mnt,
928 		    hostp, spec, clnt_sperror(clp, "RPCPROG_MNT"));
929 		clnt_destroy(clp);
930 		return (returncode(clntstat, &rpcerr));
931 	}
932 	clnt_destroy(clp);
933 
934 	if (nfhret.stat != 0) {
935 		snprintf(errbuf, sizeof errbuf, "[%s] %s:%s: %s", netid_mnt,
936 		    hostp, spec, strerror(nfhret.stat));
937 		return (TRYRET_REMOTEERR);
938 	}
939 
940 	/*
941 	 * Store the filehandle and server address in nfsargsp, making
942 	 * sure to copy any locally allocated structures.
943 	 */
944 	addrlen = nfs_nb.len;
945 	addr = malloc(addrlen);
946 	fhsize = nfhret.fhsize;
947 	fh = malloc(fhsize);
948 	if (addr == NULL || fh == NULL)
949 		err(1, "malloc");
950 	bcopy(nfs_nb.buf, addr, addrlen);
951 	bcopy(nfhret.nfh, fh, fhsize);
952 
953 	build_iovec(iov, iovlen, "addr", addr, addrlen);
954 	build_iovec(iov, iovlen, "fh", fh, fhsize);
955 	secname = sec_num_to_name(nfhret.auth);
956 	if (secname) {
957 		build_iovec(iov, iovlen, "sec",
958 		    __DECONST(void *, secname), (size_t)-1);
959 	}
960 	if (nfsvers == 3)
961 		build_iovec(iov, iovlen, "nfsv3", NULL, 0);
962 
963 	return (TRYRET_SUCCESS);
964 }
965 
966 /*
967  * Catagorise a RPC return status and error into an `enum tryret'
968  * return code.
969  */
970 static enum tryret
971 returncode(enum clnt_stat clntstat, struct rpc_err *rpcerr)
972 {
973 
974 	switch (clntstat) {
975 	case RPC_TIMEDOUT:
976 		return (TRYRET_TIMEOUT);
977 	case RPC_PMAPFAILURE:
978 	case RPC_PROGNOTREGISTERED:
979 	case RPC_PROGVERSMISMATCH:
980 	/* XXX, these can be local or remote. */
981 	case RPC_CANTSEND:
982 	case RPC_CANTRECV:
983 		return (TRYRET_REMOTEERR);
984 	case RPC_SYSTEMERROR:
985 		switch (rpcerr->re_errno) {
986 		case ETIMEDOUT:
987 			return (TRYRET_TIMEOUT);
988 		case ENOMEM:
989 			break;
990 		default:
991 			return (TRYRET_REMOTEERR);
992 		}
993 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
994 	default:
995 		break;
996 	}
997 	return (TRYRET_LOCALERR);
998 }
999 
1000 /*
1001  * Look up a netid based on an address family and socket type.
1002  * `af' is the address family, and `sotype' is SOCK_DGRAM or SOCK_STREAM.
1003  *
1004  * XXX there should be a library function for this.
1005  */
1006 static const char *
1007 netidbytype(int af, int sotype)
1008 {
1009 	struct nc_protos *p;
1010 
1011 	for (p = nc_protos; p->netid != NULL; p++) {
1012 		if (af != p->af || sotype != p->sotype)
1013 			continue;
1014 		return (p->netid);
1015 	}
1016 	return (NULL);
1017 }
1018 
1019 /*
1020  * Look up a netconfig entry based on a netid, and cache the result so
1021  * that we don't need to remember to call freenetconfigent().
1022  *
1023  * Otherwise it behaves just like getnetconfigent(), so nc_*error()
1024  * work on failure.
1025  */
1026 static struct netconfig *
1027 getnetconf_cached(const char *netid)
1028 {
1029 	static struct nc_entry {
1030 		struct netconfig *nconf;
1031 		struct nc_entry *next;
1032 	} *head;
1033 	struct nc_entry *p;
1034 	struct netconfig *nconf;
1035 
1036 	for (p = head; p != NULL; p = p->next)
1037 		if (strcmp(netid, p->nconf->nc_netid) == 0)
1038 			return (p->nconf);
1039 
1040 	if ((nconf = getnetconfigent(netid)) == NULL)
1041 		return (NULL);
1042 	if ((p = malloc(sizeof(*p))) == NULL)
1043 		err(1, "malloc");
1044 	p->nconf = nconf;
1045 	p->next = head;
1046 	head = p;
1047 
1048 	return (p->nconf);
1049 }
1050 
1051 /*
1052  * xdr routines for mount rpc's
1053  */
1054 static int
1055 xdr_dir(XDR *xdrsp, char *dirp)
1056 {
1057 	return (xdr_string(xdrsp, &dirp, MNTPATHLEN));
1058 }
1059 
1060 static int
1061 xdr_fh(XDR *xdrsp, struct nfhret *np)
1062 {
1063 	int i;
1064 	long auth, authcnt, authfnd = 0;
1065 
1066 	if (!xdr_u_long(xdrsp, &np->stat))
1067 		return (0);
1068 	if (np->stat)
1069 		return (1);
1070 	switch (np->vers) {
1071 	case 1:
1072 		np->fhsize = NFS_FHSIZE;
1073 		return (xdr_opaque(xdrsp, (caddr_t)np->nfh, NFS_FHSIZE));
1074 	case 3:
1075 		if (!xdr_long(xdrsp, &np->fhsize))
1076 			return (0);
1077 		if (np->fhsize <= 0 || np->fhsize > NFS3_FHSIZE)
1078 			return (0);
1079 		if (!xdr_opaque(xdrsp, (caddr_t)np->nfh, np->fhsize))
1080 			return (0);
1081 		if (!xdr_long(xdrsp, &authcnt))
1082 			return (0);
1083 		for (i = 0; i < authcnt; i++) {
1084 			if (!xdr_long(xdrsp, &auth))
1085 				return (0);
1086 			if (np->auth == -1) {
1087 				np->auth = auth;
1088 				authfnd++;
1089 			} else if (auth == np->auth) {
1090 				authfnd++;
1091 			}
1092 		}
1093 		/*
1094 		 * Some servers, such as DEC's OSF/1 return a nil authenticator
1095 		 * list to indicate RPCAUTH_UNIX.
1096 		 */
1097 		if (authcnt == 0 && np->auth == -1)
1098 			np->auth = AUTH_SYS;
1099 		if (!authfnd && (authcnt > 0 || np->auth != AUTH_SYS))
1100 			np->stat = EAUTH;
1101 		return (1);
1102 	}
1103 	return (0);
1104 }
1105 
1106 static void
1107 usage(void)
1108 {
1109 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n",
1110 "usage: mount_nfs [-23bcdiLlNPsTU] [-a maxreadahead] [-D deadthresh]",
1111 "                 [-g maxgroups] [-I readdirsize] [-o options] [-R retrycnt]",
1112 "                 [-r readsize] [-t timeout] [-w writesize] [-x retrans]",
1113 "                 rhost:path node");
1114 	exit(1);
1115 }
1116