1The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD 2--------------------------------------------- 3 4First Edition (V1) 5 | 6Second Edition (V2) 7 | 8Third Edition (V3) 9 | 10Fourth Edition (V4) 11 | 12Fifth Edition (V5) 13 | 14Sixth Edition (V6) -----* 15 \ | 16 \ | 17 \ | 18Seventh Edition (V7)----|----------------------* 19 \ | | 20 \ 1BSD | 21 32V | | 22 \ 2BSD---------------* | 23 \ / | | 24 \ / | | 25 \/ | | 26 3BSD | | 27 | | | 28 4.0BSD 2.79BSD | 29 | | | 30 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD <-* 31 | | 32 4.1aBSD -----------\ | 33 | \ | 34 4.1bBSD \ | 35 | \ | 36 *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD 37 / | | 38Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo 39 | | | 40 +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD 41 | | | 42 +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD 43 | | / | 44Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD 45 | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ | 46 | | \ | 47 | | \ | 48 v | 2.11BSD 49Tenth Edition | | 50 | 2.11BSD rev #430 51 4.3BSD NET/1 | 52 | v 53 4.3BSD Reno 54 | 55 *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------* 56 | | | | 57386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA 58 | | | | 59386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13] 60 | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha | 61 | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34] 62 | | 4.4BSD | 63 | | / | | 64 | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | | 65 | -NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0 66 | / | | | 67FreeBSD 1.0 <-----' *--NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1 68 | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite | 69FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ | 70 | | / | | \ | 71FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' | | \ | 72 | / | | | \ | 73FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | | | \ | 74 | / *--NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ | 75 | / | | \ | 76FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0 77 | \ | | 78FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1 79 | .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2 | 80 | | \ | | | | | 81 | | .-----|------Rhapsody | | | | 82 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | | 83 | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | | 84 | | | | BSD/OS 3.0 | 85FreeBSD 2.1 | | | | 86 | | | | *--NetBSD 1.1 -. BSD/OS 2.1 87 | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | | | \ | 88 | | | | *--NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0 89 | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | | | \ OpenBSD 2.0 | 90 | | | | | \ | | 91 | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | | | \ | | 92 | | | | | \ | | 93 | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | | | 94 | | | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | | 95 | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | | | 96 | | | | | | 97 | | | | | | 98 *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | | | 99 | \ | | | | | 100 | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | | | 101 | | | | | | | 102 | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | | | OpenBSD 2.1 | 103 | | | | | | | 104 | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | | | 105 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.2 | 106 | | | | *--NetBSD 1.3 | | 107 | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | | | 108 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1 109 | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | 110 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | | 111 | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | | | 112 | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0 113 | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | | | 114 | | | | | | | | 115 | v | | | | OpenBSD 2.4 | 116 | FreeBSD 2.2.9 | | | | | | 117 | | | | | | | 118FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* | | v | | 119 | | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | | 120 *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | | 121 | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1 122 | FreeBSD 3.2----* | .--*--NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 | 123 | | | | | | | | | 124 | | | | | | | | | 125 | | | | | | | | | 126 | FreeBSD 3.3 | | | | NetBSD 1.4.1 | | 127 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 | 128 | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | | | | 129 | | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1 130FreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | | 131 | | | | | | | | | 132 | | | | | | | | | 133 | FreeBSD 3.5 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.7 | 134 | | | | | | | | | 135 | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | | | | 136 | | | | | | | | 137 *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | | | | 138 | | | | | | | | | 139 | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | / | | | | 140 | | | | / | | | | 141 | FreeBSD 4.2 Darwin/ | NetBSD 1.4.3 | | 142 | | Mac OS X | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2 143 | | | | | | 144 | | | | | | 145 | | 10.0 *--NetBSD 1.5 | | 146 | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | | | 147 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.9 | 148 | | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | | 149 | | | | | | | 150 | FreeBSD 4.4-. | | NetBSD 1.5.2 | | 151 | | | Mac OS X | | | | 152 | | | 10.1 | | OpenBSD 3.0 | 153 | FreeBSD 4.5 | | | | | | 154 | | \ | | | | BSD/OS 4.3 155 | FreeBSD 4.6 \ | | | OpenBSD 3.1 | 156 | | \ | | NetBSD 1.5.3 | | 157 | FreeBSD 4.6.2 Mac OS X | | | 158 | | 10.2 | | | 159 | FreeBSD 4.7 | | | | 160 | | | *--NetBSD 1.6 OpenBSD 3.2 | 161 | FreeBSD 4.8 | | | | | 162 | | | | NetBSD 1.6.1 | | 163 | |--------. | | | OpenBSD 3.3 BSD/OS 5.0 164 | | \ | | | | | 165 | FreeBSD 4.9 | | | | OpenBSD 3.4 BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 166 | | | | | | | 167 | | | | | NetBSD 1.6.2 | 168 | | | | | | | 169 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.5 170 | | | | | v | 171 | FreeBSD 4.10 | | | | 172 | | | | | | 173 | FreeBSD 4.11 | | | | 174 | | | | | 175 | `-|------|-----------------|---------------------. 176 | | | | \ 177FreeBSD 5.0 | | | | 178 | | | | | 179FreeBSD 5.1 | | | DragonFly 1.0 180 | \ | | | | 181 | ----- Mac OS X | | | 182 | 10.3 | | | 183FreeBSD 5.2 | | | | 184 | | | | | | 185 | FreeBSD 5.2.1 | | | | 186 | | | | | 187 *-------FreeBSD 5.3 | | | | 188 | | | | OpenBSD 3.6 | 189 | | | *--NetBSD 2.0 | | 190 | | | | | | | DragonFly 1.2.0 191 | | Mac OS X | | NetBSD 2.0.2 | | 192 | | 10.4 | | | | | 193 | FreeBSD 5.4 | | | | | | 194 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.7 | 195 | | | | | NetBSD 2.0.3 | | 196 | | | | | | | | 197 *--FreeBSD | | | | v OpenBSD 3.8 | 198 | 6.0 | | | | | | 199 | | | | | \ | | 200 | | | | | NetBSD 2.1 | | 201 | | | | | | | 202 | | | | *--NetBSD 3.0 | | 203 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 1.4.0 204 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.9 | 205 | FreeBSD | | | | | | | 206 | 6.1 | | | | | | | 207 | | FreeBSD 5.5 | | | | | | 208 | | | | | NetBSD 3.0.1 | DragonFly 1.6.0 209 | | | | | | | | 210 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.0 | 211 | | | | | NetBSD 3.0.2 | | 212 | | | | NetBSD 3.1 | | 213 | FreeBSD 6.2 | | | | 214 | | | | | DragonFly 1.8.0 215 | | | | OpenBSD 4.1 | 216 | | | | | DragonFly 1.10.0 217 | | Mac OS X | | | 218 | | 10.5 | | | 219 | | | | OpenBSD 4.2 | 220 | | | *--NetBSD 4.0 | | 221 | FreeBSD 6.3 | | | | | 222 | \ | | | | | 223 *--FreeBSD | | | | | DragonFly 1.12.0 224 | 7.0 | | | | | | 225 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.3 | 226 | | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 2.0.0 227 | | FreeBSD | | 4.0.1 OpenBSD 4.4 | 228 | | 6.4 | | | | 229 | | | | | | 230 | FreeBSD 7.1 | | | | 231 | | | | | DragonFly 2.2.0 232 | FreeBSD 7.2 | *--NetBSD OpenBSD 4.5 | 233 | \ | | 5.0 | | 234 | \ | | / | \ | | 235 | | Mac OS X | | | \ | | 236 | | 10.6 | | | \ | | 237 | | | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 2.4.0 238 | | | | | | 5.0.1 OpenBSD 4.6 | 239 | | | | | | | | | 240 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | | | 241 | 8.0 | | | | | | | | 242 | | FreeBSD | | | | NetBSD | | 243 | | 7.3 | | | | 5.0.2 | DragonFly 2.6.0 244 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.7 | 245 | FreeBSD | | | | | | | 246 | 8.1 | | | | | | | 247 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 2.8.2 248 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.8 | 249 | | | | | | *--NetBSD | | 250 | FreeBSD FreeBSD | | | 5.1 | | 251 | 8.2 7.4 | | | | | DragonFly 2.10.1 252 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.9 | 253 | `-----. Mac OS X | | | | | 254 | \ 10.7 | | | | | 255 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.0 | 256 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | | 257 | 9.0 | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 3.0.1 258 | | FreeBSD | | | 5.1.2 | | 259 | | 8.3 | | | | | | 260 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 261 | | | | | | 5.1.3 | | 262 | | | | | | | | | 263 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 264 | | | | | | 5.1.4 | | 265 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.1 | 266 | | | Mac OS X | `--------. | | 267 | | | 10.8 | | | | 268 | | | | *--NetBSD | | | 269 | | | | | 6.0 | | | 270 | | | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.2 DragonFly 3.2.1 271 | FreeBSD | | | | | NetBSD | | 272 | 9.1 | | | | | 5.2 | | 273 | | | | | | | | | | 274 | | | | | | | NetBSD | | 275 | | | | | | | 5.2.1 | | 276 | | | | | | | | | | 277 | | | | | | | NetBSD | | 278 | | | | | | | 5.2.2 | | 279 | | | | | | | | | 280 | | | | | | \ | | 281 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 282 | | | | | | 6.0.1 | | 283 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.3 DragonFly 3.4.1 284 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 285 | | | | | | 6.0.2 | | 286 | | | | | | | | | 287 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 288 | | | | | | 6.0.3 | | 289 | | | | | | | | | 290 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 291 | | | | | | 6.0.4 | | 292 | | | | | | | | | 293 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 294 | | | | | | 6.0.5 | | 295 | | | | | | | | | 296 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 297 | | | | | | 6.0.6 | | 298 | | | | | | | | 299 | | | | | *--NetBSD | | 300 | | | | | 6.1 | | 301 | | FreeBSD | | | | | 302 | | 8.4 | | NetBSD | | 303 | | | | | 6.1.1 | | 304 | | | | | | | 305 | FreeBSD | | NetBSD | | 306 | 9.2 | | 6.1.2 | | 307 | | Mac OS X | | | | 308 | | 10.9 | | OpenBSD 5.4 | 309 | `-----. | | | | DragonFly 3.6.0 310 | \ | | | | | 311 *--FreeBSD | | | NetBSD | | 312 | 10.0 | | | 6.1.3 | | 313 | | | | | | | | 314 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.1 315 | | | | | | | | 316 | | | | | | | | 317 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.2 318 | | | | | NetBSD | | 319 | | | | | 6.1.4 | | 320 | | | | | | | | 321 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.5 | 322 | | | | | | | | 323 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.8.0 324 | | | | | | | | 325 | | | | | | | | 326 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.8.1 327 | | | | | | | | 328 | | | | | | | | 329 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.3 330 | | | | | | | | 331 | | FreeBSD | | | | | 332 | | 9.3 | | | | | 333 | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 3.8.2 334 | | | | 6.1.5 | | 335 | | Mac OS X | | | 336 | | 10.10 | | | 337 | | | | OpenBSD 5.6 | 338 | FreeBSD | | | | 339 | 10.1 | | | DragonFly 4.0.1 340 | | | | | | 341 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.2 342 | | | | | | 343 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.3 344 | | | | | | 345 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.4 346 | | | | | | 347 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.5 348 | | | | | | 349 | | | | OpenBSD 5.7 | 350 | | | | | DragonFly 4.2.0 351 | FreeBSD | | | | 352 | 10.2 | | | | 353 | | macOS *--NetBSD 7.0 | | 354 | | 10.11 | | | OpenBSD 5.8 | 355 | | | | | `--. | DragonFly 4.4.1 356 | FreeBSD | | | | OpenBSD 5.9 | 357 | 10.3 | | | | | | 358 | | | | | NetBSD | | 359 | | | | | 7.0.1 | | 360 | `------. | | | | | DragonFly 4.6.0 361 | | | | | | | | 362 | | | | | | | | 363 *--FreeBSD | macOS | | | OpenBSD 6.0 | 364 | 11.0 | 10.12 | | NetBSD | | 365 | | | | | | 7.0.2 | | 366 | | | | | | | | 367 | | | | | *--NetBSD | | 368 | | | | | | 7.1 | | 369 | | | | | | | | | 370 | | | | | | | | | 371 | | | macOS | | | | DragonFly 4.8.0 372 | | | 10.13 | | | OpenBSD 6.1 | 373 | FreeBSD | | | | | | DragonFly 5.0.0 374 | 11.1 FreeBSD | | | | | | 375 | | 10.4 | | | | OpenBSD 6.2 DragonFly 5.0.1 376 | | | | | | | | 377 | `------. | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 5.0.2 378 | | | | | 7.1.1 | | 379 | | | | | | | | 380 | | | | | NetBSD | | 381 | | | | | 7.1.2 `--. | 382 | | | | | | | 383 | | | | `-----. OpenBSD 6.3 | 384 | | | *--NetBSD | | DragonFly 5.2.0 385 | | | | 8.0 | | | 386 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.2.1 387 | | | | | | | | 388 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.2.2 389 | FreeBSD | | | *--NetBSD | | 390 | 11.2 | | | 7.2 | | 391 | | macOS | | | | 392 | | 10.14 | | OpenBSD 6.4 | 393 | | | | | | | 394 | | | | | | DragonFly 5.4.0 395 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | 396 | 12.0 | | | | | DragonFly 5.4.1 397 | | | | | | OpenBSD 6.5 | 398 | | | | | | | | 399 | | | | | NetBSD | | 400 | | | | | 8.1 | DragonFly 5.6 401 | | | | | | | | 402 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.6.1 403 | | FreeBSD macOS | | | | 404 | | 11.3 10.15 | | | | 405 | FreeBSD | | | | OpenBSD 6.6 | 406 | 12.1 | macOS | `-------. | | 407 | | | 10.15.1 | | | DragonFly 5.6.2 408 | | | | *--NetBSD | | | 409 | | | | | 9.0 | | | 410 | | | | | | | | | 411 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.8 412 | | | | | | | | | 413 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.6.3 414 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 415 | | | | | | 8.2 | | 416 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.8.1 417 | | | | | | OpenBSD 6.7 | 418 | | FreeBSD | | | | | 419 | | 11.4 | | | | | 420 | | | | | | DragonFly 5.8.2 421 | | | | | | DragonFly 5.8.3 422 | | | | NetBSD 9.1 OpenBSD 6.8 | 423 | FreeBSD macOS | | | | 424 | 12.2 11 | | | | 425 | | | | | | | 426 | `------. | | | | | 427 | | | | | | | 428 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | 429 | 13.0 | | | NetBSD 9.2 OpenBSD 6.9 DragonFly 6.0.0 430 | | | | | | | | 431 | | | | | | | DragonFly 6.0.1 432 | | | | | | | | 433 | | FreeBSD macOS | | OpenBSD 7.0 | 434 | | 12.3 12 | | | | 435 | | | | | | | DragonFly 6.2.1 436 | | | | | | OpenBSD 7.1 | 437 | FreeBSD | | | | | | 438 | 13.1 | | | | | | 439 | | | | | | | DragonFly 6.2.2 440 | | | | | NetBSD 9.3 | | 441 | | | macOS | OpenBSD 7.2 | 442 | | | 13 | | | 443 | | FreeBSD | | | | 444 | | 12.4 | | | | 445 | | | | | DragonFly 6.4.0 446 | | | | OpenBSD 7.3 | 447 | FreeBSD | | | | 448 | 13.2 | | | | 449 | macOS | | | 450 | 14 | | | 451 | | | OpenBSD 7.4 | 452 *--FreeBSD | | | | 453 | 14.0 | | | | 454 | | | | | 455FreeBSD 15 -current | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current DragonFly -current 456 | | | | | 457 v v v v v 458 459Time 460---------------- 461 462Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it 463was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape. 464 465[44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, 466 and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of 467 the 4.4BSD Operating System. 468[APL] Apple website [https://www.apple.com/macosx/] 469[BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc. 470[DFB] DragonFlyBSD Project, The. 471[DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape. 472[FBD] FreeBSD Project, The. 473[KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources, 474 Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987. 475[KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement. 476 comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988. 477[KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz. 478 Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software 479 Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983. 480[NBD] NetBSD Project, The. 481[OBD] OpenBSD Project, The. 482[QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. 483[SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11. 484[TUHS] The Unix Historical Society. https://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/. 485[USE] Usenet announcement. 486[WRS] Wind River Systems, Inc. 487[dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail 488 489Multics 1965 490UNIX Summer 1969 491 DEC PDP-7 492First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU] 493 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler 494Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU] 495 10 UNIX installations 496Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU] 497 Pipes, 16 installations 498Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU] 499 rewriting in C effected, 500 above 30 installations 501Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU] 502 above 50 installations 503Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU] 504 port to DEC Vax 505Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU] 1979-01-10 [TUHS] 506 first portable UNIX 507Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU] 508 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr] 509 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr] 510 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B] 511 scooping-out and replacement of the character-device 512 and networking part by the streams mechanism 513 514Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU] 515Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU] 516 5171BSD late 1977 518 1978-01-16 [DOC] 519 1978-03-09 [QCU] 520 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1) 521 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out 522 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU] 5232BSD mid 1978 [QCU] 1979-05-10 [TUHS] 524 75 2BSD tapes shipped 5252.79BSD 1980-04-xx [TUHS] 5262.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ] 527 First 2BSD with bootable V7 kernel plus 528 community fixes. 5292.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU] 530 set of performance improvements 5312.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ] 5322.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx [TUHS] 5332.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS] 5342.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK] 5352.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS] 5362.11BSD 1991-03-14 [SMS] 5372.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS] 538 53932V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 1979-03-26 [TUHS] 5403BSD late 1979 [QCU] March 1980 [TUHS] 541 virtual memory, page replacement, 542 demand paging 5434.0BSD 1980-10-xx 5444.1BSD 1981-07-08 [DOC] 5454.1aBSD 1982-04-xx 546 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B] 5474.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B] 5484.1cBSD late 1982 549 beta release, IPC [44B] 5504.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU] 551 1983-08-03 [DOC] 5524.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU] 553 1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC] 5544.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC] 5554.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU] 556 1989-01-01 [DOC] 5574.3BSD Reno 1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC] 5584.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC] 559 560BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI] 561 first code released to people outside BSDI 562386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC] 563BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers 564BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version 565386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC] 5664.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07 567BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI] 568 first external gamma; G customers 569BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI] 570 would have been 1.0 except for request 571 for preliminary injunction 572BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI] 573 injunction denied; first official release 574NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD] 5754.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE] 576NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD] 577FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD] 578FreeBSD 1.0.2 1993-11-14 [FBD] 579 supersedes 1.0 13 days after release. 580BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI] 5814.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE] 582FreeBSD 1.1 1994-05-07 [FBD] 583FreeBSD 1.1.5 1994-06-30 [FBD] 584FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-05 [FBD] 585 supersedes 1.1.5 5 days after release. 586NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD] 587386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE] 588FreeBSD 2.0 1994-11-23 [FBD] 589BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based 590FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD] 591BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI] 5924.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B] 593 the true final distribution from the CSRG 594FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD] 595NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD] 596BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI] 597FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD] 598NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD] 599OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD] 600FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD] 601FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release) 602Rhapsody 1997-xx-xx 603FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD] 604BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based 605FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD] 606FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD] 607FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD] 608NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release) 609OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD] 610FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD] 611OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD] 612NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD] 613FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD] 614NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release) 615BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI] 616OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD] 617NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release) 618FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD] 619BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI] 620 2-lock MP support, ELF executables 621FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD] 622 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current, 623 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which 624 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release 625FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD] 626OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD] 627NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release) 628FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD] 629BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI] 630NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD] 631FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD] 632OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD] 633NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release) 634FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD] 635OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD] 636FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD] 637BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI] 638FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD] 639NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release) 640OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD] 641FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD] 642FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD] 643FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD] 644FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release) 645FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD] 646NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release) 647BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI] 648OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD] 649NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD] 650Mac OS X 10.0 2001-03-24 [APL] 651FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD] 652OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD] 653NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release) 654NetBSD 1.5.2 2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release) 655FreeBSD 4.4 2001-09-18 [FBD] 656Mac OS X 10.1 2001-09-29 [APL] 657OpenBSD 3.0 2001-12-01 [OBD] 658FreeBSD 4.5 2002-01-29 [FBD] 659BSD/OS 4.3 2002-03-14 [WRS] 660OpenBSD 3.1 2002-05-19 [OBD] 661FreeBSD 4.6 2002-06-15 [FBD] 662NetBSD 1.5.3 2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release) 663FreeBSD 4.6.2 2002-08-15 [FBD] (patch release) 664Mac OS X 10.2 2002-08-23 [APL] 665NetBSD 1.6 2002-09-14 [NBD] 666FreeBSD 4.7 2002-10-08 [FBD] 667OpenBSD 3.2 2002-11-01 [OBD] 668FreeBSD 5.0 2003-01-17 [FBD] 669 FreeBSD 5.0 is a separate branch off of 670 -current, similar to 3.0. 671FreeBSD 4.8 2003-04-03 [FBD] 672NetBSD 1.6.1 2003-04-21 [NBD] (patch release) 673OpenBSD 3.3 2003-05-01 [OBD] 674BSD/OS 5.0 2003-05-?? [WRS] 675FreeBSD 5.1 2003-06-09 [FBD] 676Mac OS X 10.3 2003-10-24 [APL] 677FreeBSD 4.9 2003-10-28 [FBD] 678BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 2003-10-?? [WRS] (final version) 679OpenBSD 3.4 2003-11-01 [OBD] 680FreeBSD 5.2 2004-01-12 [FBD] 681FreeBSD 5.2.1 2004-02-22 [FBD] (patch release) 682NetBSD 1.6.2 2004-03-01 [NBD] (patch release) 683OpenBSD 3.5 2004-04-01 [OBD] 684FreeBSD 4.10 2004-05-27 [FBD] 685DragonFly 1.0 2004-07-12 [DFB] 686OpenBSD 3.6 2004-10-29 [OBD] 687FreeBSD 5.3 2004-11-06 [FBD] 688NetBSD 2.0 2004-12-09 [NBD] 689FreeBSD 4.11 2005-01-25 [FBD] 690DragonFly 1.2.0 2005-04-08 [DFB] 691NetBSD 2.0.2 2005-04-14 [NBD] (security/critical release) 692Mac OS X 10.4 2005-04-29 [APL] 693FreeBSD 5.4 2005-05-09 [FBD] 694OpenBSD 3.7 2005-05-19 [OBD] 695NetBSD 2.0.3 2005-10-31 [NBD] (security/critical release) 696OpenBSD 3.8 2005-11-01 [OBD] 697FreeBSD 6.0 2005-11-01 [FBD] 698NetBSD 2.1 2005-11-02 [NBD] 699NetBSD 3.0 2005-12-23 [NBD] 700DragonFly 1.4.0 2006-01-08 [DFB] 701FreeBSD 2.2.9 2006-04-01 [FBD] 702OpenBSD 3.9 2006-05-01 [OBD] 703FreeBSD 6.1 2006-05-08 [FBD] 704FreeBSD 5.5 2006-05-25 [FBD] 705NetBSD 3.0.1 2006-07-24 [NBD] (security/critical release) 706DragonFly 1.6.0 2006-07-24 [DFB] 707OpenBSD 4.0 2006-11-01 [OBD] 708NetBSD 3.0.2 2006-11-04 [NBD] (security/critical release) 709NetBSD 3.1 2006-11-04 [NBD] 710FreeBSD 6.2 2007-01-15 [FBD] 711DragonFly 1.8.0 2007-01-30 [DFB] 712OpenBSD 4.1 2007-05-01 [OBD] 713DragonFly 1.10.0 2007-08-06 [DFB] 714Mac OS X 10.5 2007-10-26 [APL] 715OpenBSD 4.2 2007-11-01 [OBD] 716NetBSD 4.0 2007-12-19 [NBD] 717FreeBSD 6.3 2008-01-18 [FBD] 718DragonFly 1.12.0 2008-02-26 [DFB] 719FreeBSD 7.0 2008-02-27 [FBD] 720OpenBSD 4.3 2008-05-01 [OBD] 721DragonFly 2.0.0 2008-07-21 [DFB] 722OpenBSD 4.4 2008-11-01 [OBD] 723FreeBSD 6.4 2008-11-28 [FBD] 724FreeBSD 7.1 2009-01-04 [FBD] 725DragonFly 2.2.0 2009-02-17 [DFB] 726NetBSD 5.0 2009-04-29 [NBD] 727OpenBSD 4.5 2009-05-01 [OBD] 728FreeBSD 7.2 2009-05-04 [FBD] 729Mac OS X 10.6 2009-06-08 [APL] 730NetBSD 5.0.1 2009-08-02 [NBD] (security/critical release) 731DragonFly 2.4.0 2009-09-16 [DFB] 732OpenBSD 4.6 2009-10-18 [OBD] 733FreeBSD 8.0 2009-11-26 [FBD] 734NetBSD 5.0.2 2010-02-12 [NBD] (security/critical release) 735FreeBSD 7.3 2010-03-23 [FBD] 736DragonFly 2.6.0 2010-03-28 [DFB] 737OpenBSD 4.7 2010-05-19 [OBD] 738FreeBSD 8.1 2010-07-24 [FBD] 739DragonFly 2.8.2 2010-10-30 [DFB] 740OpenBSD 4.8 2010-11-01 [OBD] 741NetBSD 5.1 2010-11-19 [NBD] 742FreeBSD 7.4 2011-02-24 [FBD] 743FreeBSD 8.2 2011-02-24 [FBD] 744DragonFly 2.10.1 2011-04-26 [DFB] 745OpenBSD 4.9 2011-05-01 [OBD] 746Mac OS X 10.7 2011-07-20 [APL] 747OpenBSD 5.0 2011-11-01 [OBD] 748FreeBSD 9.0 2012-01-12 [FBD] 749NetBSD 5.1.2 2012-02-02 [NBD] (security/critical release) 750DragonFly 3.0.1 2012-02-21 [DFB] 751FreeBSD 8.3 2012-04-18 [FBD] 752OpenBSD 5.1 2012-05-01 [OBD] 753Mac OS X 10.8 2012-07-25 [APL] 754NetBSD 6.0 2012-10-17 [NBD] 755OpenBSD 5.2 2012-11-01 [OBD] 756DragonFly 3.2.1 2012-11-02 [DFB] 757NetBSD 5.2 2012-12-03 [NBD] 758NetBSD 6.0.1 2012-12-26 [NBD] (security/critical release) 759FreeBSD 9.1 2012-12-30 [FBD] 760DragonFly 3.4.1 2013-04-29 [DFB] 761OpenBSD 5.3 2013-05-01 [OBD] 762NetBSD 6.0.2 2013-05-18 [NBD] (security/critical release) 763NetBSD 6.1 2013-05-18 [NBD] 764FreeBSD 8.4 2013-06-07 [FBD] 765NetBSD 6.1.1 2013-08-22 [NBD] 766NetBSD 5.1.3 2013-09-29 [NBD] 767NetBSD 5.2.1 2013-09-29 [NBD] 768FreeBSD 9.2 2013-09-30 [FBD] 769NetBSD 6.0.3 2013-09-30 [NBD] 770NetBSD 6.1.2 2013-09-30 [NBD] 771Mac OS X 10.9 2013-10-22 [APL] 772OpenBSD 5.4 2013-11-01 [OBD] 773DragonFly 3.6.0 2013-11-25 [DFB] 774FreeBSD 10.0 2014-01-20 [FBD] 775NetBSD 5.1.4 2014-01-25 [NBD] 776NetBSD 5.2.2 2014-01-25 [NBD] 777NetBSD 6.0.4 2014-01-25 [NBD] 778NetBSD 6.1.3 2014-01-25 [NBD] 779DragonFly 3.6.1 2014-02-22 [DFB] 780DragonFly 3.6.2 2014-04-10 [DFB] 781NetBSD 6.0.5 2014-04-12 [NBD] 782NetBSD 6.1.4 2014-04-12 [NBD] 783OpenBSD 5.5 2014-05-01 [OBD] 784DragonFly 3.8.0 2014-06-04 [DFB] 785DragonFly 3.8.1 2014-06-16 [DFB] 786DragonFly 3.6.3 2014-06-17 [DFB] 787FreeBSD 9.3 2014-07-05 [FBD] 788DragonFly 3.8.2 2014-08-08 [DFB] 789NetBSD 6.0.6 2014-09-22 [NBD] 790NetBSD 6.1.5 2014-09-22 [NBD] 791Mac OS X 10.10 2014-10-16 [APL] 792OpenBSD 5.6 2014-11-01 [OBD] 793FreeBSD 10.1 2014-11-14 [FBD] 794DragonFly 4.0.1 2014-11-25 [DFB] 795DragonFly 4.0.2 2015-01-07 [DFB] 796DragonFly 4.0.3 2015-01-21 [DFB] 797DragonFly 4.0.4 2015-03-09 [DFB] 798DragonFly 4.0.5 2015-03-23 [DFB] 799OpenBSD 5.7 2015-05-01 [OBD] 800DragonFly 4.2.0 2015-06-29 [DFB] 801FreeBSD 10.2 2015-08-13 [FBD] 802NetBSD 7.0 2015-09-25 [NBD] 803OS X 10.11 2015-09-30 [APL] 804OpenBSD 5.8 2015-10-18 [OBD] 805DragonFly 4.4.1 2015-12-07 [DFB] 806OpenBSD 5.9 2016-03-29 [OBD] 807FreeBSD 10.3 2016-04-04 [FBD] 808NetBSD 7.0.1 2016-05-22 [NBD] 809DragonFly 4.6.0 2016-08-02 [DFB] 810OpenBSD 6.0 2016-09-01 [OBD] 811macOS 10.12 2016-09-20 [APL] 812FreeBSD 11.0 2016-10-10 [FBD] 813NetBSD 7.0.2 2016-10-21 [NBD] 814NetBSD 7.1 2017-03-11 [NBD] 815DragonFly 4.8.0 2017-03-27 [DFB] 816OpenBSD 6.1 2017-04-11 [OBD] 817FreeBSD 11.1 2017-07-26 [FBD] 818macOS 10.13 2017-09-25 [APL] 819FreeBSD 10.4 2017-10-03 [FBD] 820OpenBSD 6.2 2017-10-09 [OBD] 821DragonFly 5.0.0 2017-10-16 [DFB] 822DragonFly 5.0.1 2017-11-06 [DFB] 823DragonFly 5.0.2 2017-12-04 [DFB] 824NetBSD 7.1.1 2017-12-22 [NBD] 825NetBSD 7.1.2 2018-03-15 [NBD] 826OpenBSD 6.3 2018-04-02 [OBD] 827DragonFly 5.2.0 2018-04-10 [DFB] 828DragonFly 5.2.1 2018-05-20 [DFB] 829DragonFly 5.2.2 2018-06-18 [DFB] 830FreeBSD 11.2 2018-06-27 [FBD] 831NetBSD 8.0 2018-07-17 [NBD] 832NetBSD 7.2 2018-08-29 [NBD] 833macOS 10.14 2018-09-24 [APL] 834OpenBSD 6.4 2018-10-18 [OBD] 835DragonFly 5.4.0 2018-12-03 [DFB] 836FreeBSD 12.0 2018-12-11 [FBD] 837DragonFly 5.4.1 2018-12-24 [DFB] 838OpenBSD 6.5 2019-05-01 [OBD] 839NetBSD 8.1 2019-06-04 [NBD] 840DragonFly 5.6 2019-06-17 [DFB] 841DragonFly 5.6.1 2019-06-19 [DFB] 842FreeBSD 11.3 2019-07-09 [FBD] 843DragonFly 5.6.2 2019-08-11 [DFB] 844OpenBSD 6.6 2019-10-17 [OBD] 845macOS 10.15 2019-10-07 [APL] 846macOS 10.15.1 2019-10-29 [APL] (security/critical release) 847FreeBSD 12.1 2019-11-04 [FBD] 848NetBSD 9.0 2020-02-14 [NBD] 849DragonFly 5.8 2020-03-03 [DFB] 850DragonFly 5.6.3 2020-03-11 [DFB] 851NetBSD 8.2 2020-03-31 [NBD] 852DragonFly 5.8.1 2020-05-06 [DFB] 853OpenBSD 6.7 2020-05-19 [OBD] 854FreeBSD 11.4 2020-06-16 [FBD] 855DragonFly 5.8.2 2020-09-23 [DFB] 856DragonFly 5.8.3 2020-09-24 [DFB] 857OpenBSD 6.8 2020-10-18 [OBD] 858NetBSD 9.1 2020-10-18 [NBD] 859FreeBSD 12.2 2020-10-27 [FBD] 860macOS 11 2020-11-19 [APL] 861FreeBSD 13.0 2021-04-13 [FBD] 862OpenBSD 6.9 2021-05-01 [OBD] 863DragonFly 6.0 2021-05-08 [DFB] 864NetBSD 9.2 2021-05-12 [NBD] 865DragonFly 6.0.1 2021-10-12 [DFB] 866OpenBSD 7.0 2021-10-14 [OBD] 867macOS 12 2021-10-25 [APL] 868FreeBSD 12.3 2021-12-01 [FBD] 869DragonFly 6.2.1 2022-01-09 [DFB] 870OpenBSD 7.1 2022-04-21 [OBD] 871FreeBSD 13.1 2022-05-17 [FBD] 872DragonFly 6.2.2 2022-06-09 [DFB] 873NetBSD 9.3 2022-08-04 [NBD] 874OpenBSD 7.2 2022-10-20 [OBD] 875macOS 13 2022-10-24 [APL] 876FreeBSD 12.4 2022-12-05 [FBD] 877DragonFly 6.4 2022-12-30 [DFB] 878OpenBSD 7.3 2023-04-10 [OBD] 879FreeBSD 13.2 2023-04-11 [FBD] 880macOS 14 2023-09-26 [APL] 881OpenBSD 7.4 2023-10-16 [OBD] 882FreeBSD 14.0 2023-11-20 [FBD] 883 884Bibliography 885------------------------ 886 887Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John 888Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating 889System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1 890 891Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing 892Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5 893 894McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 895Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating 896System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4 897 898McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil. The Design and 899Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System. 900Addison-Wesley Professional, Published: Aug 2, 2004. ISBN 0-201-70245-2 901 902McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil, Robert Watson. The 903Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System, 2nd Edition. 904Pearson Education, Inc., 2014. ISBN 0-321-96897-2 905 906Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader. 907 908Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix. 909Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the 910Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993. 911 912Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994. 913URL: https://web.archive.org/web/20081230094857/http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm 914 915Andreas Klemm, Lars Köller. If you're going to San Francisco ... 916Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff. 917 918FreeBSD Release Information 919URL: https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/ 920 921FreeBSD Manual Pages 922URL: https://man.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi 923 924UNIX history graphing project 925URL: https://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html 926 927UNIX history 928URL: https://www.levenez.com/unix/ 929 930James Howard: The BSD Family Tree 931URL: https://web.archive.org/web/20090427195917/http://ezine.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html 932("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?") 933 934 935Acknowledgments 936--------------- 937 938Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old 939original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes. 940 941Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages. 942 943-- 944Copyright (c) 1997-2023 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.org> 945URL: https://cgit.freebsd.org/src/tree/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 946