xref: /freebsd/sys/arm64/arm64/undefined.c (revision 315ee00f)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2017 Andrew Turner
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This software was developed by SRI International and the University of
6  * Cambridge Computer Laboratory under DARPA/AFRL contract FA8750-10-C-0237
7  * ("CTSRD"), as part of the DARPA CRASH research programme.
8  *
9  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
10  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11  * are met:
12  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
16  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
17  *
18  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
19  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
20  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
21  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
22  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
23  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
24  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
25  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
26  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
27  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
28  * SUCH DAMAGE.
29  */
30 
31 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
32 #include <sys/param.h>
33 #include <sys/systm.h>
34 #include <sys/kernel.h>
35 #include <sys/malloc.h>
36 #include <sys/proc.h>
37 #include <sys/queue.h>
38 #include <sys/signal.h>
39 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
40 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
41 #include <sys/sysent.h>
42 
43 #include <machine/atomic.h>
44 #include <machine/frame.h>
45 #define _MD_WANT_SWAPWORD
46 #include <machine/md_var.h>
47 #include <machine/pcb.h>
48 #include <machine/undefined.h>
49 #include <machine/vmparam.h>
50 
51 #include <vm/vm.h>
52 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
53 
54 /* Low bit masked off */
55 #define	INSN_COND(insn)	((insn >> 28) & ~0x1)
56 #define	INSN_COND_INVERTED(insn)	((insn >> 28) & 0x1)
57 #define	INSN_COND_EQ	0x00	/* NE */
58 #define	INSN_COND_CS	0x02	/* CC */
59 #define	INSN_COND_MI	0x04	/* PL */
60 #define	INSN_COND_VS	0x06	/* VC */
61 #define	INSN_COND_HI	0x08	/* LS */
62 #define	INSN_COND_GE	0x0a	/* LT */
63 #define	INSN_COND_GT	0x0c	/* LE */
64 #define	INSN_COND_AL	0x0e	/* Always */
65 
66 MALLOC_DEFINE(M_UNDEF, "undefhandler", "Undefined instruction handler data");
67 
68 #ifdef COMPAT_FREEBSD32
69 #ifndef EMUL_SWP
70 #define	EMUL_SWP	0
71 #endif
72 
73 SYSCTL_DECL(_compat_arm);
74 
75 static bool compat32_emul_swp = EMUL_SWP;
76 SYSCTL_BOOL(_compat_arm, OID_AUTO, emul_swp,
77     CTLFLAG_RWTUN | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, &compat32_emul_swp, 0,
78     "Enable SWP/SWPB emulation");
79 #endif
80 
81 struct undef_handler {
82 	LIST_ENTRY(undef_handler) uh_link;
83 	undef_handler_t		uh_handler;
84 };
85 
86 /*
87  * Create two undefined instruction handler lists, one for userspace, one for
88  * the kernel. This allows us to handle instructions that will trap
89  */
90 LIST_HEAD(, undef_handler) undef_handlers[2];
91 
92 /*
93  * Work around a bug in QEMU prior to 2.5.1 where reading unknown ID
94  * registers would raise an exception when they should return 0.
95  */
96 static int
97 id_aa64mmfr2_handler(vm_offset_t va, uint32_t insn, struct trapframe *frame,
98     uint32_t esr)
99 {
100 	int reg;
101 
102 #define	 MRS_ID_AA64MMFR2_EL0_MASK	(MRS_MASK | 0x000fffe0)
103 #define	 MRS_ID_AA64MMFR2_EL0_VALUE	(MRS_VALUE | 0x00080740)
104 
105 	/* mrs xn, id_aa64mfr2_el1 */
106 	if ((insn & MRS_ID_AA64MMFR2_EL0_MASK) == MRS_ID_AA64MMFR2_EL0_VALUE) {
107 		reg = MRS_REGISTER(insn);
108 
109 		frame->tf_elr += INSN_SIZE;
110 		if (reg < nitems(frame->tf_x)) {
111 			frame->tf_x[reg] = 0;
112 		} else if (reg == 30) {
113 			frame->tf_lr = 0;
114 		}
115 		/* If reg is 32 then write to xzr, i.e. do nothing */
116 
117 		return (1);
118 	}
119 	return (0);
120 }
121 
122 static bool
123 arm_cond_match(uint32_t insn, struct trapframe *frame)
124 {
125 	uint64_t spsr;
126 	uint32_t cond;
127 	bool invert;
128 	bool match;
129 
130 	/*
131 	 * Generally based on the function of the same name in NetBSD, though
132 	 * condition bits left in their original position rather than shifting
133 	 * over the low bit that indicates inversion for quicker sanity checking
134 	 * against spec.
135 	 */
136 	spsr = frame->tf_spsr;
137 	cond = INSN_COND(insn);
138 	invert = INSN_COND_INVERTED(insn);
139 
140 	switch (cond) {
141 	case INSN_COND_EQ:
142 		match = (spsr & PSR_Z) != 0;
143 		break;
144 	case INSN_COND_CS:
145 		match = (spsr & PSR_C) != 0;
146 		break;
147 	case INSN_COND_MI:
148 		match = (spsr & PSR_N) != 0;
149 		break;
150 	case INSN_COND_VS:
151 		match = (spsr & PSR_V) != 0;
152 		break;
153 	case INSN_COND_HI:
154 		match = (spsr & (PSR_C | PSR_Z)) == PSR_C;
155 		break;
156 	case INSN_COND_GE:
157 		match = (!(spsr & PSR_N) == !(spsr & PSR_V));
158 		break;
159 	case INSN_COND_GT:
160 		match = !(spsr & PSR_Z) && (!(spsr & PSR_N) == !(spsr & PSR_V));
161 		break;
162 	case INSN_COND_AL:
163 		match = true;
164 		break;
165 	default:
166 		__assert_unreachable();
167 	}
168 
169 	return (match != invert);
170 }
171 
172 #ifdef COMPAT_FREEBSD32
173 /* arm32 GDB breakpoints */
174 #define GDB_BREAKPOINT	0xe6000011
175 #define GDB5_BREAKPOINT	0xe7ffdefe
176 static int
177 gdb_trapper(vm_offset_t va, uint32_t insn, struct trapframe *frame,
178 		uint32_t esr)
179 {
180 	struct thread *td = curthread;
181 
182 	if (insn == GDB_BREAKPOINT || insn == GDB5_BREAKPOINT) {
183 		if (SV_PROC_FLAG(td->td_proc, SV_ILP32) &&
184 		    va < VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS) {
185 			ksiginfo_t ksi;
186 
187 			ksiginfo_init_trap(&ksi);
188 			ksi.ksi_signo = SIGTRAP;
189 			ksi.ksi_code = TRAP_BRKPT;
190 			ksi.ksi_addr = (void *)va;
191 			trapsignal(td, &ksi);
192 			return 1;
193 		}
194 	}
195 	return 0;
196 }
197 
198 static int
199 swp_emulate(vm_offset_t va, uint32_t insn, struct trapframe *frame,
200     uint32_t esr)
201 {
202 	ksiginfo_t ksi;
203 	struct thread *td;
204 	vm_offset_t vaddr;
205 	uint64_t *regs;
206 	uint32_t val;
207 	int attempts, error, Rn, Rd, Rm;
208 	bool is_swpb;
209 
210 	td = curthread;
211 
212 	/*
213 	 * swp, swpb only; there are no Thumb swp/swpb instructions so we can
214 	 * safely bail out if we're in Thumb mode.
215 	 */
216 	if (!compat32_emul_swp || !SV_PROC_FLAG(td->td_proc, SV_ILP32) ||
217 	    (frame->tf_spsr & PSR_T) != 0)
218 		return (0);
219 	else if ((insn & 0x0fb00ff0) != 0x01000090)
220 		return (0);
221 	else if (!arm_cond_match(insn, frame))
222 		goto next;	/* Handled, but does nothing */
223 
224 	Rn = (insn & 0xf0000) >> 16;
225 	Rd = (insn & 0xf000) >> 12;
226 	Rm = (insn & 0xf);
227 
228 	regs = frame->tf_x;
229 	vaddr = regs[Rn] & 0xffffffff;
230 	val = regs[Rm];
231 
232 	/* Enforce alignment for swp. */
233 	is_swpb = (insn & 0x00400000) != 0;
234 	if (!is_swpb && (vaddr & 3) != 0)
235 		goto fault;
236 
237 	attempts = 0;
238 
239 	do {
240 		if (is_swpb) {
241 			uint8_t bval;
242 
243 			bval = val;
244 			error = swapueword8((void *)vaddr, &bval);
245 			val = bval;
246 		} else {
247 			error = swapueword32((void *)vaddr, &val);
248 		}
249 
250 		if (error == -1)
251 			goto fault;
252 
253 		/*
254 		 * Avoid potential DoS, e.g., on CPUs that don't implement
255 		 * global monitors.
256 		 */
257 		if (error != 0 && (++attempts % 5) == 0)
258 			maybe_yield();
259 	} while (error != 0);
260 
261 	regs[Rd] = val;
262 
263 next:
264 	/* No thumb SWP/SWPB */
265 	frame->tf_elr += 4; //INSN_SIZE;
266 
267 	return (1);
268 fault:
269 	ksiginfo_init_trap(&ksi);
270 	ksi.ksi_signo = SIGSEGV;
271 	ksi.ksi_code = SEGV_MAPERR;
272 	ksi.ksi_addr = (void *)va;
273 	trapsignal(td, &ksi);
274 
275 	return (1);
276 }
277 #endif
278 
279 void
280 undef_init(void)
281 {
282 
283 	LIST_INIT(&undef_handlers[0]);
284 	LIST_INIT(&undef_handlers[1]);
285 
286 	install_undef_handler(false, id_aa64mmfr2_handler);
287 #ifdef COMPAT_FREEBSD32
288 	install_undef_handler(true, gdb_trapper);
289 	install_undef_handler(true, swp_emulate);
290 #endif
291 }
292 
293 void *
294 install_undef_handler(bool user, undef_handler_t func)
295 {
296 	struct undef_handler *uh;
297 
298 	uh = malloc(sizeof(*uh), M_UNDEF, M_WAITOK);
299 	uh->uh_handler = func;
300 	LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&undef_handlers[user ? 0 : 1], uh, uh_link);
301 
302 	return (uh);
303 }
304 
305 void
306 remove_undef_handler(void *handle)
307 {
308 	struct undef_handler *uh;
309 
310 	uh = handle;
311 	LIST_REMOVE(uh, uh_link);
312 	free(handle, M_UNDEF);
313 }
314 
315 int
316 undef_insn(u_int el, struct trapframe *frame)
317 {
318 	struct undef_handler *uh;
319 	uint32_t insn;
320 	int ret;
321 
322 	KASSERT(el < 2, ("Invalid exception level %u", el));
323 
324 	if (el == 0) {
325 		ret = fueword32((uint32_t *)frame->tf_elr, &insn);
326 		if (ret != 0)
327 			panic("Unable to read userspace faulting instruction");
328 	} else {
329 		insn = *(uint32_t *)frame->tf_elr;
330 	}
331 
332 	LIST_FOREACH(uh, &undef_handlers[el], uh_link) {
333 		ret = uh->uh_handler(frame->tf_elr, insn, frame, frame->tf_esr);
334 		if (ret)
335 			return (1);
336 	}
337 
338 	return (0);
339 }
340