dev/nvme/nvme.h

/*-
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2012-2013 Intel Corporation
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#ifndef __NVME_H__
#define __NVME_H__

#ifdef _KERNEL
#include <sys/types.h>
#endif

#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/endian.h>

#define	NVME_PASSTHROUGH_CMD		_IOWR('n', 0, struct nvme_pt_command)
#define	NVME_RESET_CONTROLLER		_IO('n', 1)
#define	NVME_GET_NSID			_IOR('n', 2, struct nvme_get_nsid)
#define	NVME_GET_MAX_XFER_SIZE		_IOR('n', 3, uint64_t)

#define	NVME_IO_TEST			_IOWR('n', 100, struct nvme_io_test)
#define	NVME_BIO_TEST			_IOWR('n', 101, struct nvme_io_test)

/*
 * Macros to deal with NVME revisions, as defined VS register
 */
#define NVME_REV(x, y)			(((x) << 16) | ((y) << 8))
#define NVME_MAJOR(r)			(((r) >> 16) & 0xffff)
#define NVME_MINOR(r)			(((r) >> 8) & 0xff)

/*
 * Use to mark a command to apply to all namespaces, or to retrieve global
 *  log pages.
 */
#define NVME_GLOBAL_NAMESPACE_TAG	((uint32_t)0xFFFFFFFF)

/* Host memory buffer sizes are always in 4096 byte chunks */
#define	NVME_HMB_UNITS			4096

/* Many items are expressed in terms of power of two times MPS */
#define NVME_MPS_SHIFT			12

/* Limits on queue sizes: See 4.1.3 Queue Size in NVMe 1.4b. */
#define NVME_MIN_ADMIN_ENTRIES		2
#define NVME_MAX_ADMIN_ENTRIES		4096

#define NVME_MIN_IO_ENTRIES		2
#define NVME_MAX_IO_ENTRIES		65536

/* Register field definitions */
#define NVME_CAP_LO_REG_MQES_SHIFT			(0)
#define NVME_CAP_LO_REG_MQES_MASK			(0xFFFF)
#define NVME_CAP_LO_REG_CQR_SHIFT			(16)
#define NVME_CAP_LO_REG_CQR_MASK			(0x1)
#define NVME_CAP_LO_REG_AMS_SHIFT			(17)
#define NVME_CAP_LO_REG_AMS_MASK			(0x3)
#define NVME_CAP_LO_REG_TO_SHIFT			(24)
#define NVME_CAP_LO_REG_TO_MASK				(0xFF)
#define NVME_CAP_LO_MQES(x) \
	NVMEV(NVME_CAP_LO_REG_MQES, x)
#define NVME_CAP_LO_CQR(x) \
	NVMEV(NVME_CAP_LO_REG_CQR, x)
#define NVME_CAP_LO_AMS(x) \
	NVMEV(NVME_CAP_LO_REG_AMS, x)
#define NVME_CAP_LO_TO(x) \
	NVMEV(NVME_CAP_LO_REG_TO, x)

#define NVME_CAP_HI_REG_DSTRD_SHIFT			(0)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_REG_DSTRD_MASK			(0xF)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_REG_NSSRS_SHIFT			(4)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_REG_NSSRS_MASK			(0x1)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_REG_CSS_SHIFT			(5)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_REG_CSS_MASK			(0xff)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_REG_CSS_NVM_SHIFT			(5)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_REG_CSS_NVM_MASK			(0x1)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_REG_BPS_SHIFT			(13)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_REG_BPS_MASK			(0x1)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_REG_CPS_SHIFT			(14)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_REG_CPS_MASK			(0x3)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_REG_MPSMIN_SHIFT			(16)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_REG_MPSMIN_MASK			(0xF)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_REG_MPSMAX_SHIFT			(20)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_REG_MPSMAX_MASK			(0xF)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_REG_PMRS_SHIFT			(24)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_REG_PMRS_MASK			(0x1)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_REG_CMBS_SHIFT			(25)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_REG_CMBS_MASK			(0x1)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_REG_NSSS_SHIFT			(26)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_REG_NSSS_MASK			(0x1)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_REG_CRWMS_SHIFT			(27)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_REG_CRWMS_MASK			(0x1)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_REG_CRIMS_SHIFT			(28)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_REG_CRIMS_MASK			(0x1)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_DSTRD(x) \
	NVMEV(NVME_CAP_HI_REG_DSTRD, x)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_NSSRS(x) \
	NVMEV(NVME_CAP_HI_REG_NSSRS, x)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_CSS(x) \
	NVMEV(NVME_CAP_HI_REG_CSS, x)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_CSS_NVM(x) \
	NVMEV(NVME_CAP_HI_REG_CSS_NVM, x)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_BPS(x) \
	NVMEV(NVME_CAP_HI_REG_BPS, x)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_CPS(x) \
	NVMEV(NVME_CAP_HI_REG_CPS, x)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_MPSMIN(x) \
	NVMEV(NVME_CAP_HI_REG_MPSMIN, x)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_MPSMAX(x) \
	NVMEV(NVME_CAP_HI_REG_MPSMAX, x)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_PMRS(x) \
	NVMEV(NVME_CAP_HI_REG_PMRS, x)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_CMBS(x) \
	NVMEV(NVME_CAP_HI_REG_CMBS, x)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_NSSS(x) \
	NVMEV(NVME_CAP_HI_REG_NSSS, x)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_CRWMS(x) \
	NVMEV(NVME_CAP_HI_REG_CRWMS, x)
#define NVME_CAP_HI_CRIMS(x) \
	NVMEV(NVME_CAP_HI_REG_CRIMS, x)

#define NVME_CC_REG_EN_SHIFT				(0)
#define NVME_CC_REG_EN_MASK				(0x1)
#define NVME_CC_REG_CSS_SHIFT				(4)
#define NVME_CC_REG_CSS_MASK				(0x7)
#define NVME_CC_REG_MPS_SHIFT				(7)
#define NVME_CC_REG_MPS_MASK				(0xF)
#define NVME_CC_REG_AMS_SHIFT				(11)
#define NVME_CC_REG_AMS_MASK				(0x7)
#define NVME_CC_REG_SHN_SHIFT				(14)
#define NVME_CC_REG_SHN_MASK				(0x3)
#define NVME_CC_REG_IOSQES_SHIFT			(16)
#define NVME_CC_REG_IOSQES_MASK				(0xF)
#define NVME_CC_REG_IOCQES_SHIFT			(20)
#define NVME_CC_REG_IOCQES_MASK				(0xF)
#define NVME_CC_REG_CRIME_SHIFT				(24)
#define NVME_CC_REG_CRIME_MASK				(0x1)

#define NVME_CSTS_REG_RDY_SHIFT				(0)
#define NVME_CSTS_REG_RDY_MASK				(0x1)
#define NVME_CSTS_REG_CFS_SHIFT				(1)
#define NVME_CSTS_REG_CFS_MASK				(0x1)
#define NVME_CSTS_REG_SHST_SHIFT			(2)
#define NVME_CSTS_REG_SHST_MASK				(0x3)
#define NVME_CSTS_REG_NVSRO_SHIFT			(4)
#define NVME_CSTS_REG_NVSRO_MASK			(0x1)
#define NVME_CSTS_REG_PP_SHIFT				(5)
#define NVME_CSTS_REG_PP_MASK				(0x1)
#define NVME_CSTS_REG_ST_SHIFT				(6)
#define NVME_CSTS_REG_ST_MASK				(0x1)

#define NVME_CSTS_GET_SHST(csts) \
	NVMEV(NVME_CSTS_REG_SHST, csts)

#define NVME_AQA_REG_ASQS_SHIFT				(0)
#define NVME_AQA_REG_ASQS_MASK				(0xFFF)
#define NVME_AQA_REG_ACQS_SHIFT				(16)
#define NVME_AQA_REG_ACQS_MASK				(0xFFF)

#define NVME_PMRCAP_REG_RDS_SHIFT			(3)
#define NVME_PMRCAP_REG_RDS_MASK			(0x1)
#define NVME_PMRCAP_REG_WDS_SHIFT			(4)
#define NVME_PMRCAP_REG_WDS_MASK			(0x1)
#define NVME_PMRCAP_REG_BIR_SHIFT			(5)
#define NVME_PMRCAP_REG_BIR_MASK			(0x7)
#define NVME_PMRCAP_REG_PMRTU_SHIFT			(8)
#define NVME_PMRCAP_REG_PMRTU_MASK			(0x3)
#define NVME_PMRCAP_REG_PMRWBM_SHIFT			(10)
#define NVME_PMRCAP_REG_PMRWBM_MASK			(0xf)
#define NVME_PMRCAP_REG_PMRTO_SHIFT			(16)
#define NVME_PMRCAP_REG_PMRTO_MASK			(0xff)
#define NVME_PMRCAP_REG_CMSS_SHIFT			(24)
#define NVME_PMRCAP_REG_CMSS_MASK			(0x1)

#define NVME_PMRCAP_RDS(x) \
	NVMEV(NVME_PMRCAP_REG_RDS, x)
#define NVME_PMRCAP_WDS(x) \
	NVMEV(NVME_PMRCAP_REG_WDS, x)
#define NVME_PMRCAP_BIR(x) \
	NVMEV(NVME_PMRCAP_REG_BIR, x)
#define NVME_PMRCAP_PMRTU(x) \
	NVMEV(NVME_PMRCAP_REG_PMRTU, x)
#define NVME_PMRCAP_PMRWBM(x) \
	NVMEV(NVME_PMRCAP_REG_PMRWBM, x)
#define NVME_PMRCAP_PMRTO(x) \
	NVMEV(NVME_PMRCAP_REG_PMRTO, x)
#define NVME_PMRCAP_CMSS(x) \
	NVMEV(NVME_PMRCAP_REG_CMSS, x)

/* Command field definitions */

#define NVME_CMD_FUSE_SHIFT				(0)
#define NVME_CMD_FUSE_MASK				(0x3)

enum nvme_psdt {
	NVME_PSDT_PRP					= 0x0,
	NVME_PSDT_SGL					= 0x1,
	NVME_PSDT_SGL_MPTR				= 0x2
};
#define	NVME_CMD_PSDT_SHIFT				(6)
#define	NVME_CMD_PSDT_MASK				(0x3)


#define NVME_STATUS_P_SHIFT				(0)
#define NVME_STATUS_P_MASK				(0x1)
#define NVME_STATUS_SC_SHIFT				(1)
#define NVME_STATUS_SC_MASK				(0xFF)
#define NVME_STATUS_SCT_SHIFT				(9)
#define NVME_STATUS_SCT_MASK				(0x7)
#define NVME_STATUS_CRD_SHIFT				(12)
#define NVME_STATUS_CRD_MASK				(0x3)
#define NVME_STATUS_M_SHIFT				(14)
#define NVME_STATUS_M_MASK				(0x1)
#define NVME_STATUS_DNR_SHIFT				(15)
#define NVME_STATUS_DNR_MASK				(0x1)

#define NVME_STATUS_GET_P(st) \
	NVMEV(NVME_STATUS_P, st)
#define NVME_STATUS_GET_SC(st) \
	NVMEV(NVME_STATUS_SC, st)
#define NVME_STATUS_GET_SCT(st) \
	NVMEV(NVME_STATUS_SCT, st)
#define NVME_STATUS_GET_CRD(st) \
	NVMEV(NVME_STATUS_CRD, st)
#define NVME_STATUS_GET_M(st) \
	NVMEV(NVME_STATUS_M, st)
#define NVME_STATUS_GET_DNR(st) \
	NVMEV(NVME_STATUS_DNR, st)

#define NVME_PWR_ST_MPS_SHIFT				(0)
#define NVME_PWR_ST_MPS_MASK				(0x1)
#define NVME_PWR_ST_NOPS_SHIFT				(1)
#define NVME_PWR_ST_NOPS_MASK				(0x1)
#define NVME_PWR_ST_RRT_SHIFT				(0)
#define NVME_PWR_ST_RRT_MASK				(0x1F)
#define NVME_PWR_ST_RRL_SHIFT				(0)
#define NVME_PWR_ST_RRL_MASK				(0x1F)
#define NVME_PWR_ST_RWT_SHIFT				(0)
#define NVME_PWR_ST_RWT_MASK				(0x1F)
#define NVME_PWR_ST_RWL_SHIFT				(0)
#define NVME_PWR_ST_RWL_MASK				(0x1F)
#define NVME_PWR_ST_IPS_SHIFT				(6)
#define NVME_PWR_ST_IPS_MASK				(0x3)
#define NVME_PWR_ST_APW_SHIFT				(0)
#define NVME_PWR_ST_APW_MASK				(0x7)
#define NVME_PWR_ST_APS_SHIFT				(6)
#define NVME_PWR_ST_APS_MASK				(0x3)

/** Controller Multi-path I/O and Namespace Sharing Capabilities */
/* More then one port */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_MIC_MPORTS_SHIFT		(0)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_MIC_MPORTS_MASK			(0x1)
/* More then one controller */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_MIC_MCTRLRS_SHIFT		(1)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_MIC_MCTRLRS_MASK		(0x1)
/* SR-IOV Virtual Function */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_MIC_SRIOVVF_SHIFT		(2)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_MIC_SRIOVVF_MASK		(0x1)
/* Asymmetric Namespace Access Reporting */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_MIC_ANAR_SHIFT			(3)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_MIC_ANAR_MASK			(0x1)

/** OAES - Optional Asynchronous Events Supported */
/* supports Namespace Attribute Notices event */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OAES_NS_ATTR_SHIFT		(8)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OAES_NS_ATTR_MASK		(0x1)
/* supports Firmware Activation Notices event */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OAES_FW_ACTIVATE_SHIFT		(9)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OAES_FW_ACTIVATE_MASK		(0x1)
/* supports Asymmetric Namespace Access Change Notices event */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OAES_ASYM_NS_CHANGE_SHIFT	(11)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OAES_ASYM_NS_CHANGE_MASK	(0x1)
/* supports Predictable Latency Event Aggregate Log Change Notices event */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OAES_PREDICT_LATENCY_SHIFT	(12)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OAES_PREDICT_LATENCY_MASK	(0x1)
/* supports LBA Status Information Notices event */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OAES_LBA_STATUS_SHIFT		(13)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OAES_LBA_STATUS_MASK		(0x1)
/* supports Endurance Group Event Aggregate Log Page Changes Notices event */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OAES_ENDURANCE_GROUP_SHIFT	(14)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OAES_ENDURANCE_GROUP_MASK	(0x1)
/* supports Normal NVM Subsystem Shutdown event */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OAES_NORMAL_SHUTDOWN_SHIFT	(15)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OAES_NORMAL_SHUTDOWN_MASK	(0x1)
/* supports Zone Descriptor Changed Notices event */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OAES_ZONE_DESC_CHANGE_SHIFT	(27)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OAES_ZONE_DESC_CHANGE_MASK	(0x1)
/* supports Discovery Log Page Change Notification event */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OAES_LOG_PAGE_CHANGE_SHIFT	(31)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OAES_LOG_PAGE_CHANGE_MASK	(0x1)

/** CTRATT - Controller Attributes */
/* supports 128-bit Host Identifier */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_CTRATT_128BIT_HOSTID_SHIFT	(0)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_CTRATT_128BIT_HOSTID_MASK	(0x1)
/* supports Non-Operational Power State Permissive Mode */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_CTRATT_NONOP_POWER_STATE_SHIFT	(1)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_CTRATT_NONOP_POWER_STATE_MASK	(0x1)
/* supports NVM Sets */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_CTRATT_NVM_SETS_SHIFT		(2)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_CTRATT_NVM_SETS_MASK		(0x1)
/* supports Read Recovery Levels */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_CTRATT_READ_RECOVERY_LVLS_SHIFT	(3)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_CTRATT_READ_RECOVERY_LVLS_MASK	(0x1)
/* supports Endurance Groups */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_CTRATT_ENDURANCE_GROUPS_SHIFT	(4)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_CTRATT_ENDURANCE_GROUPS_MASK	(0x1)
/* supports Predictable Latency Mode */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_CTRATT_PREDICTABLE_LATENCY_SHIFT (5)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_CTRATT_PREDICTABLE_LATENCY_MASK	(0x1)
/* supports Traffic Based Keep Alive Support */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_CTRATT_TBKAS_SHIFT		(6)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_CTRATT_TBKAS_MASK		(0x1)
/* supports Namespace Granularity */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_CTRATT_NAMESPACE_GRANULARITY_SHIFT (7)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_CTRATT_NAMESPACE_GRANULARITY_MASK (0x1)
/* supports SQ Associations */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_CTRATT_SQ_ASSOCIATIONS_SHIFT	(8)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_CTRATT_SQ_ASSOCIATIONS_MASK	(0x1)
/* supports UUID List */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_CTRATT_UUID_LIST_SHIFT		(9)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_CTRATT_UUID_LIST_MASK		(0x1)

/** OACS - optional admin command support */
/* supports security send/receive commands */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OACS_SECURITY_SHIFT		(0)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OACS_SECURITY_MASK		(0x1)
/* supports format nvm command */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OACS_FORMAT_SHIFT		(1)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OACS_FORMAT_MASK		(0x1)
/* supports firmware activate/download commands */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OACS_FIRMWARE_SHIFT		(2)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OACS_FIRMWARE_MASK		(0x1)
/* supports namespace management commands */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OACS_NSMGMT_SHIFT		(3)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OACS_NSMGMT_MASK		(0x1)
/* supports Device Self-test command */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OACS_SELFTEST_SHIFT		(4)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OACS_SELFTEST_MASK		(0x1)
/* supports Directives */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OACS_DIRECTIVES_SHIFT		(5)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OACS_DIRECTIVES_MASK		(0x1)
/* supports NVMe-MI Send/Receive */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OACS_NVMEMI_SHIFT		(6)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OACS_NVMEMI_MASK		(0x1)
/* supports Virtualization Management */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OACS_VM_SHIFT			(7)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OACS_VM_MASK			(0x1)
/* supports Doorbell Buffer Config */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OACS_DBBUFFER_SHIFT		(8)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OACS_DBBUFFER_MASK		(0x1)
/* supports Get LBA Status */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OACS_GETLBA_SHIFT		(9)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_OACS_GETLBA_MASK		(0x1)

/** firmware updates */
/* first slot is read-only */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_FRMW_SLOT1_RO_SHIFT		(0)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_FRMW_SLOT1_RO_MASK		(0x1)
/* number of firmware slots */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_FRMW_NUM_SLOTS_SHIFT		(1)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_FRMW_NUM_SLOTS_MASK		(0x7)
/* firmware activation without reset */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_FRMW_ACT_WO_RESET_SHIFT		(4)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_FRMW_ACT_WO_RESET_MASK		(0x1)

/** log page attributes */
/* per namespace smart/health log page */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_LPA_NS_SMART_SHIFT		(0)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_LPA_NS_SMART_MASK		(0x1)
/* Commands Supported and Effects log page */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_LPA_CMD_EFFECTS_SHIFT		(1)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_LPA_CMD_EFFECTS_MASK		(0x1)
/* extended data for Get Log Page command */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_LPA_EXT_DATA_SHIFT		(2)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_LPA_EXT_DATA_MASK		(0x1)
/* telemetry */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_LPA_TELEMETRY_SHIFT		(3)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_LPA_TELEMETRY_MASK		(0x1)
/* persistent event */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_LPA_PERSISTENT_EVENT_SHIFT	(4)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_LPA_PERSISTENT_EVENT_MASK	(0x1)
/* Supported log pages, etc */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_LPA_LOG_PAGES_PAGE_SHIFT	(5)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_LPA_LOG_PAGES_PAGE_MASK		(0x1)
/* Data Area 4 for Telemetry */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_LPA_DA4_TELEMETRY_SHIFT		(6)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_LPA_DA4_TELEMETRY_MASK		(0x1)

/** AVSCC - admin vendor specific command configuration */
/* admin vendor specific commands use spec format */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_AVSCC_SPEC_FORMAT_SHIFT		(0)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_AVSCC_SPEC_FORMAT_MASK		(0x1)

/** Autonomous Power State Transition Attributes */
/* Autonomous Power State Transitions supported */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_APSTA_APST_SUPP_SHIFT		(0)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_APSTA_APST_SUPP_MASK		(0x1)

/** Sanitize Capabilities */
/* Crypto Erase Support  */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_SANICAP_CES_SHIFT		(0)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_SANICAP_CES_MASK		(0x1)
/* Block Erase Support */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_SANICAP_BES_SHIFT		(1)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_SANICAP_BES_MASK		(0x1)
/* Overwrite Support */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_SANICAP_OWS_SHIFT		(2)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_SANICAP_OWS_MASK		(0x1)
/* No-Deallocate Inhibited  */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_SANICAP_NDI_SHIFT		(29)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_SANICAP_NDI_MASK		(0x1)
/* No-Deallocate Modifies Media After Sanitize */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_SANICAP_NODMMAS_SHIFT		(30)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_SANICAP_NODMMAS_MASK		(0x3)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_SANICAP_NODMMAS_UNDEF		(0)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_SANICAP_NODMMAS_NO		(1)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_SANICAP_NODMMAS_YES		(2)

/** submission queue entry size */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_SQES_MIN_SHIFT			(0)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_SQES_MIN_MASK			(0xF)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_SQES_MAX_SHIFT			(4)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_SQES_MAX_MASK			(0xF)

/** completion queue entry size */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_CQES_MIN_SHIFT			(0)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_CQES_MIN_MASK			(0xF)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_CQES_MAX_SHIFT			(4)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_CQES_MAX_MASK			(0xF)

/** optional nvm command support */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_ONCS_COMPARE_SHIFT		(0)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_ONCS_COMPARE_MASK		(0x1)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_ONCS_WRITE_UNC_SHIFT		(1)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_ONCS_WRITE_UNC_MASK		(0x1)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_ONCS_DSM_SHIFT			(2)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_ONCS_DSM_MASK			(0x1)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_ONCS_WRZERO_SHIFT		(3)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_ONCS_WRZERO_MASK		(0x1)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_ONCS_SAVEFEAT_SHIFT		(4)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_ONCS_SAVEFEAT_MASK		(0x1)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_ONCS_RESERV_SHIFT		(5)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_ONCS_RESERV_MASK		(0x1)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_ONCS_TIMESTAMP_SHIFT		(6)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_ONCS_TIMESTAMP_MASK		(0x1)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_ONCS_VERIFY_SHIFT		(7)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_ONCS_VERIFY_MASK		(0x1)

/** Fused Operation Support */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_FUSES_CNW_SHIFT		(0)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_FUSES_CNW_MASK		(0x1)

/** Format NVM Attributes */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_FNA_FORMAT_ALL_SHIFT		(0)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_FNA_FORMAT_ALL_MASK		(0x1)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_FNA_ERASE_ALL_SHIFT		(1)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_FNA_ERASE_ALL_MASK		(0x1)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_FNA_CRYPTO_ERASE_SHIFT		(2)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_FNA_CRYPTO_ERASE_MASK		(0x1)

/** volatile write cache */
/* volatile write cache present */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_VWC_PRESENT_SHIFT		(0)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_VWC_PRESENT_MASK		(0x1)
/* flush all namespaces supported */
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_VWC_ALL_SHIFT			(1)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_VWC_ALL_MASK			(0x3)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_VWC_ALL_UNKNOWN			(0)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_VWC_ALL_NO			(2)
#define NVME_CTRLR_DATA_VWC_ALL_YES			(3)

/** SGL Support */
/* NVM command set SGL support */
#define	NVME_CTRLR_DATA_SGLS_NVM_COMMAND_SET_SHIFT	(0)
#define	NVME_CTRLR_DATA_SGLS_NVM_COMMAND_SET_MASK	(0x3)
#define	NVME_CTRLR_DATA_SGLS_KEYED_DATA_BLOCK_SHIFT	(2)
#define	NVME_CTRLR_DATA_SGLS_KEYED_DATA_BLOCK_MASK	(0x1)
#define	NVME_CTRLR_DATA_SGLS_BIT_BUCKET_SHIFT		(16)
#define	NVME_CTRLR_DATA_SGLS_BIT_BUCKET_MASK		(0x1)
#define	NVME_CTRLR_DATA_SGLS_CONTIG_MPTR_SHIFT		(17)
#define	NVME_CTRLR_DATA_SGLS_CONTIG_MPTR_MASK		(0x1)
#define	NVME_CTRLR_DATA_SGLS_OVERSIZED_SHIFT		(18)
#define	NVME_CTRLR_DATA_SGLS_OVERSIZED_MASK		(0x1)
#define	NVME_CTRLR_DATA_SGLS_MPTR_SGL_SHIFT		(19)
#define	NVME_CTRLR_DATA_SGLS_MPTR_SGL_MASK		(0x1)
#define	NVME_CTRLR_DATA_SGLS_ADDRESS_AS_OFFSET_SHIFT	(20)
#define	NVME_CTRLR_DATA_SGLS_ADDRESS_AS_OFFSET_MASK	(0x1)
#define	NVME_CTRLR_DATA_SGLS_TRANSPORT_DATA_BLOCK_SHIFT	(21)
#define	NVME_CTRLR_DATA_SGLS_TRANSPORT_DATA_BLOCK_MASK	(0x1)

/** namespace features */
/* thin provisioning */
#define NVME_NS_DATA_NSFEAT_THIN_PROV_SHIFT		(0)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_NSFEAT_THIN_PROV_MASK		(0x1)
/* NAWUN, NAWUPF, and NACWU fields are valid */
#define NVME_NS_DATA_NSFEAT_NA_FIELDS_SHIFT		(1)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_NSFEAT_NA_FIELDS_MASK		(0x1)
/* Deallocated or Unwritten Logical Block errors supported */
#define NVME_NS_DATA_NSFEAT_DEALLOC_SHIFT		(2)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_NSFEAT_DEALLOC_MASK		(0x1)
/* NGUID and EUI64 fields are not reusable */
#define NVME_NS_DATA_NSFEAT_NO_ID_REUSE_SHIFT		(3)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_NSFEAT_NO_ID_REUSE_MASK		(0x1)
/* NPWG, NPWA, NPDG, NPDA, and NOWS are valid */
#define NVME_NS_DATA_NSFEAT_NPVALID_SHIFT		(4)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_NSFEAT_NPVALID_MASK		(0x1)

/** formatted lba size */
#define NVME_NS_DATA_FLBAS_FORMAT_SHIFT			(0)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_FLBAS_FORMAT_MASK			(0xF)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_FLBAS_EXTENDED_SHIFT		(4)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_FLBAS_EXTENDED_MASK		(0x1)

/** metadata capabilities */
/* metadata can be transferred as part of data prp list */
#define NVME_NS_DATA_MC_EXTENDED_SHIFT			(0)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_MC_EXTENDED_MASK			(0x1)
/* metadata can be transferred with separate metadata pointer */
#define NVME_NS_DATA_MC_POINTER_SHIFT			(1)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_MC_POINTER_MASK			(0x1)

/** end-to-end data protection capabilities */
/* protection information type 1 */
#define NVME_NS_DATA_DPC_PIT1_SHIFT			(0)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_DPC_PIT1_MASK			(0x1)
/* protection information type 2 */
#define NVME_NS_DATA_DPC_PIT2_SHIFT			(1)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_DPC_PIT2_MASK			(0x1)
/* protection information type 3 */
#define NVME_NS_DATA_DPC_PIT3_SHIFT			(2)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_DPC_PIT3_MASK			(0x1)
/* first eight bytes of metadata */
#define NVME_NS_DATA_DPC_MD_START_SHIFT			(3)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_DPC_MD_START_MASK			(0x1)
/* last eight bytes of metadata */
#define NVME_NS_DATA_DPC_MD_END_SHIFT			(4)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_DPC_MD_END_MASK			(0x1)

/** end-to-end data protection type settings */
/* protection information type */
#define NVME_NS_DATA_DPS_PIT_SHIFT			(0)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_DPS_PIT_MASK			(0x7)
/* 1 == protection info transferred at start of metadata */
/* 0 == protection info transferred at end of metadata */
#define NVME_NS_DATA_DPS_MD_START_SHIFT			(3)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_DPS_MD_START_MASK			(0x1)

/** Namespace Multi-path I/O and Namespace Sharing Capabilities */
/* the namespace may be attached to two or more controllers */
#define NVME_NS_DATA_NMIC_MAY_BE_SHARED_SHIFT		(0)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_NMIC_MAY_BE_SHARED_MASK		(0x1)

/** Reservation Capabilities */
/* Persist Through Power Loss */
#define NVME_NS_DATA_RESCAP_PTPL_SHIFT		(0)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_RESCAP_PTPL_MASK		(0x1)
/* supports the Write Exclusive */
#define NVME_NS_DATA_RESCAP_WR_EX_SHIFT		(1)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_RESCAP_WR_EX_MASK		(0x1)
/* supports the Exclusive Access */
#define NVME_NS_DATA_RESCAP_EX_AC_SHIFT		(2)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_RESCAP_EX_AC_MASK		(0x1)
/* supports the Write Exclusive – Registrants Only */
#define NVME_NS_DATA_RESCAP_WR_EX_RO_SHIFT	(3)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_RESCAP_WR_EX_RO_MASK	(0x1)
/* supports the Exclusive Access - Registrants Only */
#define NVME_NS_DATA_RESCAP_EX_AC_RO_SHIFT	(4)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_RESCAP_EX_AC_RO_MASK	(0x1)
/* supports the Write Exclusive – All Registrants */
#define NVME_NS_DATA_RESCAP_WR_EX_AR_SHIFT	(5)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_RESCAP_WR_EX_AR_MASK	(0x1)
/* supports the Exclusive Access - All Registrants */
#define NVME_NS_DATA_RESCAP_EX_AC_AR_SHIFT	(6)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_RESCAP_EX_AC_AR_MASK	(0x1)
/* Ignore Existing Key is used as defined in revision 1.3 or later */
#define NVME_NS_DATA_RESCAP_IEKEY13_SHIFT	(7)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_RESCAP_IEKEY13_MASK	(0x1)

/** Format Progress Indicator */
/* percentage of the Format NVM command that remains to be completed */
#define NVME_NS_DATA_FPI_PERC_SHIFT		(0)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_FPI_PERC_MASK		(0x7f)
/* namespace supports the Format Progress Indicator */
#define NVME_NS_DATA_FPI_SUPP_SHIFT		(7)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_FPI_SUPP_MASK		(0x1)

/** Deallocate Logical Block Features */
/* deallocated logical block read behavior */
#define NVME_NS_DATA_DLFEAT_READ_SHIFT		(0)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_DLFEAT_READ_MASK		(0x07)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_DLFEAT_READ_NR		(0x00)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_DLFEAT_READ_00		(0x01)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_DLFEAT_READ_FF		(0x02)
/* supports the Deallocate bit in the Write Zeroes */
#define NVME_NS_DATA_DLFEAT_DWZ_SHIFT		(3)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_DLFEAT_DWZ_MASK		(0x01)
/* Guard field for deallocated logical blocks is set to the CRC  */
#define NVME_NS_DATA_DLFEAT_GCRC_SHIFT		(4)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_DLFEAT_GCRC_MASK		(0x01)

/** lba format support */
/* metadata size */
#define NVME_NS_DATA_LBAF_MS_SHIFT			(0)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_LBAF_MS_MASK			(0xFFFF)
/* lba data size */
#define NVME_NS_DATA_LBAF_LBADS_SHIFT			(16)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_LBAF_LBADS_MASK			(0xFF)
/* relative performance */
#define NVME_NS_DATA_LBAF_RP_SHIFT			(24)
#define NVME_NS_DATA_LBAF_RP_MASK			(0x3)

enum nvme_critical_warning_state {
	NVME_CRIT_WARN_ST_AVAILABLE_SPARE		= 0x1,
	NVME_CRIT_WARN_ST_TEMPERATURE			= 0x2,
	NVME_CRIT_WARN_ST_DEVICE_RELIABILITY		= 0x4,
	NVME_CRIT_WARN_ST_READ_ONLY			= 0x8,
	NVME_CRIT_WARN_ST_VOLATILE_MEMORY_BACKUP	= 0x10,
	NVME_CRIT_WARN_ST_PERSISTENT_MEMORY_REGION	= 0x20,
};
#define NVME_CRIT_WARN_ST_RESERVED_MASK			(0xC0)
#define	NVME_ASYNC_EVENT_NS_ATTRIBUTE			(0x100)
#define	NVME_ASYNC_EVENT_FW_ACTIVATE			(0x200)

/* slot for current FW */
#define NVME_FIRMWARE_PAGE_AFI_SLOT_SHIFT		(0)
#define NVME_FIRMWARE_PAGE_AFI_SLOT_MASK		(0x7)

/* Commands Supported and Effects */
#define	NVME_CE_PAGE_CSUP_SHIFT				(0)
#define	NVME_CE_PAGE_CSUP_MASK				(0x1)
#define	NVME_CE_PAGE_LBCC_SHIFT				(1)
#define	NVME_CE_PAGE_LBCC_MASK				(0x1)
#define	NVME_CE_PAGE_NCC_SHIFT				(2)
#define	NVME_CE_PAGE_NCC_MASK				(0x1)
#define	NVME_CE_PAGE_NIC_SHIFT				(3)
#define	NVME_CE_PAGE_NIC_MASK				(0x1)
#define	NVME_CE_PAGE_CCC_SHIFT				(4)
#define	NVME_CE_PAGE_CCC_MASK				(0x1)
#define	NVME_CE_PAGE_CSE_SHIFT				(16)
#define	NVME_CE_PAGE_CSE_MASK				(0x7)
#define	NVME_CE_PAGE_UUID_SHIFT				(19)
#define	NVME_CE_PAGE_UUID_MASK				(0x1)

/* Sanitize Status */
#define	NVME_SS_PAGE_SSTAT_STATUS_SHIFT			(0)
#define	NVME_SS_PAGE_SSTAT_STATUS_MASK			(0x7)
#define	NVME_SS_PAGE_SSTAT_STATUS_NEVER			(0)
#define	NVME_SS_PAGE_SSTAT_STATUS_COMPLETED		(1)
#define	NVME_SS_PAGE_SSTAT_STATUS_INPROG		(2)
#define	NVME_SS_PAGE_SSTAT_STATUS_FAILED		(3)
#define	NVME_SS_PAGE_SSTAT_STATUS_COMPLETEDWD		(4)
#define	NVME_SS_PAGE_SSTAT_PASSES_SHIFT			(3)
#define	NVME_SS_PAGE_SSTAT_PASSES_MASK			(0x1f)
#define	NVME_SS_PAGE_SSTAT_GDE_SHIFT			(8)
#define	NVME_SS_PAGE_SSTAT_GDE_MASK			(0x1)

/* Features */
/* Get Features */
#define NVME_FEAT_GET_SEL_SHIFT				(8)
#define NVME_FEAT_GET_SEL_MASK				(0x7)
#define NVME_FEAT_GET_FID_SHIFT				(0)
#define NVME_FEAT_GET_FID_MASK				(0xff)

/* Set Features */
#define NVME_FEAT_SET_SV_SHIFT				(31)
#define NVME_FEAT_SET_SV_MASK				(0x1)
#define NVME_FEAT_SET_FID_SHIFT				(0)
#define NVME_FEAT_SET_FID_MASK				(0xff)

/* Async Events */
#define	NVME_ASYNC_EVENT_TYPE_SHIFT			(0)
#define	NVME_ASYNC_EVENT_TYPE_MASK			(0x7)
#define	NVME_ASYNC_EVENT_INFO_SHIFT			(8)
#define	NVME_ASYNC_EVENT_INFO_MASK			(0xff)
#define	NVME_ASYNC_EVENT_LOG_PAGE_ID_SHIFT		(16)
#define	NVME_ASYNC_EVENT_LOG_PAGE_ID_MASK		(0xff)

/* Helper macro to combine *_MASK and *_SHIFT defines */
#define NVMEM(name)	(name##_MASK << name##_SHIFT)

/* Helper macro to extract value from x */
#define NVMEV(name, x)  (((x) >> name##_SHIFT) & name##_MASK)

/* Helper macro to construct a field value */
#define	NVMEF(name, x)	(((x) & name##_MASK) << name##_SHIFT)

/* CC register SHN field values */
enum shn_value {
	NVME_SHN_NORMAL		= 0x1,
	NVME_SHN_ABRUPT		= 0x2,
};

/* CSTS register SHST field values */
enum shst_value {
	NVME_SHST_NORMAL	= 0x0,
	NVME_SHST_OCCURRING	= 0x1,
	NVME_SHST_COMPLETE	= 0x2,
};

struct nvme_registers {
	uint32_t	cap_lo; /* controller capabilities */
	uint32_t	cap_hi;
	uint32_t	vs;	/* version */
	uint32_t	intms;	/* interrupt mask set */
	uint32_t	intmc;	/* interrupt mask clear */
	uint32_t	cc;	/* controller configuration */
	uint32_t	reserved1;
	uint32_t	csts;	/* controller status */
	uint32_t	nssr;	/* NVM Subsystem Reset */
	uint32_t	aqa;	/* admin queue attributes */
	uint64_t	asq;	/* admin submission queue base addr */
	uint64_t	acq;	/* admin completion queue base addr */
	uint32_t	cmbloc;	/* Controller Memory Buffer Location */
	uint32_t	cmbsz;	/* Controller Memory Buffer Size */
	uint32_t	bpinfo;	/* Boot Partition Information */
	uint32_t	bprsel;	/* Boot Partition Read Select */
	uint64_t	bpmbl;	/* Boot Partition Memory Buffer Location */
	uint64_t	cmbmsc;	/* Controller Memory Buffer Memory Space Control */
	uint32_t	cmbsts;	/* Controller Memory Buffer Status */
	uint32_t	cmbebs;	/* Controller Memory Buffer Elasticity Buffer Size */
	uint32_t	cmbswtp;/* Controller Memory Buffer Sustained Write Throughput */
	uint32_t	nssd;	/* NVM Subsystem Shutdown */
	uint32_t	crto;	/* Controller Ready Timeouts */
	uint8_t		reserved3[3476]; /* 6Ch - DFFh */
	uint32_t	pmrcap;	/* Persistent Memory Capabilities */
	uint32_t	pmrctl;	/* Persistent Memory Region Control */
	uint32_t	pmrsts;	/* Persistent Memory Region Status */
	uint32_t	pmrebs;	/* Persistent Memory Region Elasticity Buffer Size */
	uint32_t	pmrswtp; /* Persistent Memory Region Sustained Write Throughput */
	uint32_t	pmrmsc_lo; /* Persistent Memory Region Controller Memory Space Control */
	uint32_t	pmrmsc_hi;
	uint8_t		reserved4[484]; /* E1Ch - FFFh */
	struct {
	    uint32_t	sq_tdbl; /* submission queue tail doorbell */
	    uint32_t	cq_hdbl; /* completion queue head doorbell */
	} doorbell[1];
};

_Static_assert(sizeof(struct nvme_registers) == 0x1008, "bad size for nvme_registers");

#define NVME_SGL_SUBTYPE_SHIFT				(0)
#define NVME_SGL_SUBTYPE_MASK				(0xF)
#define NVME_SGL_TYPE_SHIFT				(4)
#define NVME_SGL_TYPE_MASK				(0xF)

#define	NVME_SGL_TYPE(type, subtype)		\
	((subtype) << NVME_SGL_SUBTYPE_SHIFT | (type) << NVME_SGL_TYPE_SHIFT)

enum nvme_sgl_type {
	NVME_SGL_TYPE_DATA_BLOCK		= 0x0,
	NVME_SGL_TYPE_BIT_BUCKET		= 0x1,
	NVME_SGL_TYPE_SEGMENT			= 0x2,
	NVME_SGL_TYPE_LAST_SEGMENT		= 0x3,
	NVME_SGL_TYPE_KEYED_DATA_BLOCK		= 0x4,
	NVME_SGL_TYPE_TRANSPORT_DATA_BLOCK	= 0x5,
};

enum nvme_sgl_subtype {
	NVME_SGL_SUBTYPE_ADDRESS		= 0x0,
	NVME_SGL_SUBTYPE_OFFSET			= 0x1,
	NVME_SGL_SUBTYPE_TRANSPORT		= 0xa,
};

struct nvme_sgl_descriptor {
	uint64_t address;
	uint32_t length;
	uint8_t reserved[3];
	uint8_t type;
};

_Static_assert(sizeof(struct nvme_sgl_descriptor) == 16, "bad size for nvme_sgl_descriptor");

struct nvme_command {
	/* dword 0 */
	uint8_t opc;		/* opcode */
	uint8_t fuse;		/* fused operation */
	uint16_t cid;		/* command identifier */

	/* dword 1 */
	uint32_t nsid;		/* namespace identifier */

	/* dword 2-3 */
	uint32_t rsvd2;
	uint32_t rsvd3;

	/* dword 4-5 */
	uint64_t mptr;		/* metadata pointer */

	/* dword 6-9 */
	union {
		struct {
			uint64_t prp1;	/* prp entry 1 */
			uint64_t prp2;	/* prp entry 2 */
		};
		struct nvme_sgl_descriptor sgl;
	};

	/* dword 10-15 */
	uint32_t cdw10;		/* command-specific */
	uint32_t cdw11;		/* command-specific */
	uint32_t cdw12;		/* command-specific */
	uint32_t cdw13;		/* command-specific */
	uint32_t cdw14;		/* command-specific */
	uint32_t cdw15;		/* command-specific */
};

_Static_assert(sizeof(struct nvme_command) == 16 * 4, "bad size for nvme_command");

struct nvme_completion {
	/* dword 0 */
	uint32_t		cdw0;	/* command-specific */

	/* dword 1 */
	uint32_t		rsvd1;

	/* dword 2 */
	uint16_t		sqhd;	/* submission queue head pointer */
	uint16_t		sqid;	/* submission queue identifier */

	/* dword 3 */
	uint16_t		cid;	/* command identifier */
	uint16_t		status;
} __aligned(8);	/* riscv: nvme_qpair_process_completions has better code gen */

_Static_assert(sizeof(struct nvme_completion) == 4 * 4, "bad size for nvme_completion");

struct nvme_dsm_range {
	uint32_t attributes;
	uint32_t length;
	uint64_t starting_lba;
};

/* Largest DSM Trim that can be done */
#define NVME_MAX_DSM_TRIM		4096

_Static_assert(sizeof(struct nvme_dsm_range) == 16, "bad size for nvme_dsm_ranage");

/* status code types */
enum nvme_status_code_type {
	NVME_SCT_GENERIC		= 0x0,
	NVME_SCT_COMMAND_SPECIFIC	= 0x1,
	NVME_SCT_MEDIA_ERROR		= 0x2,
	NVME_SCT_PATH_RELATED		= 0x3,
	/* 0x3-0x6 - reserved */
	NVME_SCT_VENDOR_SPECIFIC	= 0x7,
};

/* generic command status codes */
enum nvme_generic_command_status_code {
	NVME_SC_SUCCESS				= 0x00,
	NVME_SC_INVALID_OPCODE			= 0x01,
	NVME_SC_INVALID_FIELD			= 0x02,
	NVME_SC_COMMAND_ID_CONFLICT		= 0x03,
	NVME_SC_DATA_TRANSFER_ERROR		= 0x04,
	NVME_SC_ABORTED_POWER_LOSS		= 0x05,
	NVME_SC_INTERNAL_DEVICE_ERROR		= 0x06,
	NVME_SC_ABORTED_BY_REQUEST		= 0x07,
	NVME_SC_ABORTED_SQ_DELETION		= 0x08,
	NVME_SC_ABORTED_FAILED_FUSED		= 0x09,
	NVME_SC_ABORTED_MISSING_FUSED		= 0x0a,
	NVME_SC_INVALID_NAMESPACE_OR_FORMAT	= 0x0b,
	NVME_SC_COMMAND_SEQUENCE_ERROR		= 0x0c,
	NVME_SC_INVALID_SGL_SEGMENT_DESCR	= 0x0d,
	NVME_SC_INVALID_NUMBER_OF_SGL_DESCR	= 0x0e,
	NVME_SC_DATA_SGL_LENGTH_INVALID		= 0x0f,
	NVME_SC_METADATA_SGL_LENGTH_INVALID	= 0x10,
	NVME_SC_SGL_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_INVALID	= 0x11,
	NVME_SC_INVALID_USE_OF_CMB		= 0x12,
	NVME_SC_PRP_OFFET_INVALID		= 0x13,
	NVME_SC_ATOMIC_WRITE_UNIT_EXCEEDED	= 0x14,
	NVME_SC_OPERATION_DENIED		= 0x15,
	NVME_SC_SGL_OFFSET_INVALID		= 0x16,
	/* 0x17 - reserved */
	NVME_SC_HOST_ID_INCONSISTENT_FORMAT	= 0x18,
	NVME_SC_KEEP_ALIVE_TIMEOUT_EXPIRED	= 0x19,
	NVME_SC_KEEP_ALIVE_TIMEOUT_INVALID	= 0x1a,
	NVME_SC_ABORTED_DUE_TO_PREEMPT		= 0x1b,
	NVME_SC_SANITIZE_FAILED			= 0x1c,
	NVME_SC_SANITIZE_IN_PROGRESS		= 0x1d,
	NVME_SC_SGL_DATA_BLOCK_GRAN_INVALID	= 0x1e,
	NVME_SC_NOT_SUPPORTED_IN_CMB		= 0x1f,
	NVME_SC_NAMESPACE_IS_WRITE_PROTECTED	= 0x20,
	NVME_SC_COMMAND_INTERRUPTED		= 0x21,
	NVME_SC_TRANSIENT_TRANSPORT_ERROR	= 0x22,

	NVME_SC_LBA_OUT_OF_RANGE		= 0x80,
	NVME_SC_CAPACITY_EXCEEDED		= 0x81,
	NVME_SC_NAMESPACE_NOT_READY		= 0x82,
	NVME_SC_RESERVATION_CONFLICT		= 0x83,
	NVME_SC_FORMAT_IN_PROGRESS		= 0x84,
};

/* command specific status codes */
enum nvme_command_specific_status_code {
	NVME_SC_COMPLETION_QUEUE_INVALID	= 0x00,
	NVME_SC_INVALID_QUEUE_IDENTIFIER	= 0x01,
	NVME_SC_MAXIMUM_QUEUE_SIZE_EXCEEDED	= 0x02,
	NVME_SC_ABORT_COMMAND_LIMIT_EXCEEDED	= 0x03,
	/* 0x04 - reserved */
	NVME_SC_ASYNC_EVENT_REQUEST_LIMIT_EXCEEDED = 0x05,
	NVME_SC_INVALID_FIRMWARE_SLOT		= 0x06,
	NVME_SC_INVALID_FIRMWARE_IMAGE		= 0x07,
	NVME_SC_INVALID_INTERRUPT_VECTOR	= 0x08,
	NVME_SC_INVALID_LOG_PAGE		= 0x09,
	NVME_SC_INVALID_FORMAT			= 0x0a,
	NVME_SC_FIRMWARE_REQUIRES_RESET		= 0x0b,
	NVME_SC_INVALID_QUEUE_DELETION		= 0x0c,
	NVME_SC_FEATURE_NOT_SAVEABLE		= 0x0d,
	NVME_SC_FEATURE_NOT_CHANGEABLE		= 0x0e,
	NVME_SC_FEATURE_NOT_NS_SPECIFIC		= 0x0f,
	NVME_SC_FW_ACT_REQUIRES_NVMS_RESET	= 0x10,
	NVME_SC_FW_ACT_REQUIRES_RESET		= 0x11,
	NVME_SC_FW_ACT_REQUIRES_TIME		= 0x12,
	NVME_SC_FW_ACT_PROHIBITED		= 0x13,
	NVME_SC_OVERLAPPING_RANGE		= 0x14,
	NVME_SC_NS_INSUFFICIENT_CAPACITY	= 0x15,
	NVME_SC_NS_ID_UNAVAILABLE		= 0x16,
	/* 0x17 - reserved */
	NVME_SC_NS_ALREADY_ATTACHED		= 0x18,
	NVME_SC_NS_IS_PRIVATE			= 0x19,
	NVME_SC_NS_NOT_ATTACHED			= 0x1a,
	NVME_SC_THIN_PROV_NOT_SUPPORTED		= 0x1b,
	NVME_SC_CTRLR_LIST_INVALID		= 0x1c,
	NVME_SC_SELF_TEST_IN_PROGRESS		= 0x1d,
	NVME_SC_BOOT_PART_WRITE_PROHIB		= 0x1e,
	NVME_SC_INVALID_CTRLR_ID		= 0x1f,
	NVME_SC_INVALID_SEC_CTRLR_STATE		= 0x20,
	NVME_SC_INVALID_NUM_OF_CTRLR_RESRC	= 0x21,
	NVME_SC_INVALID_RESOURCE_ID		= 0x22,
	NVME_SC_SANITIZE_PROHIBITED_WPMRE	= 0x23,
	NVME_SC_ANA_GROUP_ID_INVALID		= 0x24,
	NVME_SC_ANA_ATTACH_FAILED		= 0x25,

	NVME_SC_CONFLICTING_ATTRIBUTES		= 0x80,
	NVME_SC_INVALID_PROTECTION_INFO		= 0x81,
	NVME_SC_ATTEMPTED_WRITE_TO_RO_PAGE	= 0x82,
};

/* media error status codes */
enum nvme_media_error_status_code {
	NVME_SC_WRITE_FAULTS			= 0x80,
	NVME_SC_UNRECOVERED_READ_ERROR		= 0x81,
	NVME_SC_GUARD_CHECK_ERROR		= 0x82,
	NVME_SC_APPLICATION_TAG_CHECK_ERROR	= 0x83,
	NVME_SC_REFERENCE_TAG_CHECK_ERROR	= 0x84,
	NVME_SC_COMPARE_FAILURE			= 0x85,
	NVME_SC_ACCESS_DENIED			= 0x86,
	NVME_SC_DEALLOCATED_OR_UNWRITTEN	= 0x87,
};

/* path related status codes */
enum nvme_path_related_status_code {
	NVME_SC_INTERNAL_PATH_ERROR		= 0x00,
	NVME_SC_ASYMMETRIC_ACCESS_PERSISTENT_LOSS = 0x01,
	NVME_SC_ASYMMETRIC_ACCESS_INACCESSIBLE	= 0x02,
	NVME_SC_ASYMMETRIC_ACCESS_TRANSITION	= 0x03,
	NVME_SC_CONTROLLER_PATHING_ERROR	= 0x60,
	NVME_SC_HOST_PATHING_ERROR		= 0x70,
	NVME_SC_COMMAND_ABORTED_BY_HOST		= 0x71,
};

/* admin opcodes */
enum nvme_admin_opcode {
	NVME_OPC_DELETE_IO_SQ			= 0x00,
	NVME_OPC_CREATE_IO_SQ			= 0x01,
	NVME_OPC_GET_LOG_PAGE			= 0x02,
	/* 0x03 - reserved */
	NVME_OPC_DELETE_IO_CQ			= 0x04,
	NVME_OPC_CREATE_IO_CQ			= 0x05,
	NVME_OPC_IDENTIFY			= 0x06,
	/* 0x07 - reserved */
	NVME_OPC_ABORT				= 0x08,
	NVME_OPC_SET_FEATURES			= 0x09,
	NVME_OPC_GET_FEATURES			= 0x0a,
	/* 0x0b - reserved */
	NVME_OPC_ASYNC_EVENT_REQUEST		= 0x0c,
	NVME_OPC_NAMESPACE_MANAGEMENT		= 0x0d,
	/* 0x0e-0x0f - reserved */
	NVME_OPC_FIRMWARE_ACTIVATE		= 0x10,
	NVME_OPC_FIRMWARE_IMAGE_DOWNLOAD	= 0x11,
	/* 0x12-0x13 - reserved */
	NVME_OPC_DEVICE_SELF_TEST		= 0x14,
	NVME_OPC_NAMESPACE_ATTACHMENT		= 0x15,
	/* 0x16-0x17 - reserved */
	NVME_OPC_KEEP_ALIVE			= 0x18,
	NVME_OPC_DIRECTIVE_SEND			= 0x19,
	NVME_OPC_DIRECTIVE_RECEIVE		= 0x1a,
	/* 0x1b - reserved */
	NVME_OPC_VIRTUALIZATION_MANAGEMENT	= 0x1c,
	NVME_OPC_NVME_MI_SEND			= 0x1d,
	NVME_OPC_NVME_MI_RECEIVE		= 0x1e,
	/* 0x1f - reserved */
	NVME_OPC_CAPACITY_MANAGEMENT		= 0x20,
	/* 0x21-0x23 - reserved */
	NVME_OPC_LOCKDOWN			= 0x24,
	/* 0x25-0x7b - reserved */
	NVME_OPC_DOORBELL_BUFFER_CONFIG		= 0x7c,
	/* 0x7d-0x7e - reserved */
	NVME_OPC_FABRICS_COMMANDS		= 0x7f,

	NVME_OPC_FORMAT_NVM			= 0x80,
	NVME_OPC_SECURITY_SEND			= 0x81,
	NVME_OPC_SECURITY_RECEIVE		= 0x82,
	/* 0x83 - reserved */
	NVME_OPC_SANITIZE			= 0x84,
	/* 0x85 - reserved */
	NVME_OPC_GET_LBA_STATUS			= 0x86,
};

/* nvme nvm opcodes */
enum nvme_nvm_opcode {
	NVME_OPC_FLUSH				= 0x00,
	NVME_OPC_WRITE				= 0x01,
	NVME_OPC_READ				= 0x02,
	/* 0x03 - reserved */
	NVME_OPC_WRITE_UNCORRECTABLE		= 0x04,
	NVME_OPC_COMPARE			= 0x05,
	/* 0x06-0x07 - reserved */
	NVME_OPC_WRITE_ZEROES			= 0x08,
	NVME_OPC_DATASET_MANAGEMENT		= 0x09,
	/* 0x0a-0x0b - reserved */
	NVME_OPC_VERIFY				= 0x0c,
	NVME_OPC_RESERVATION_REGISTER		= 0x0d,
	NVME_OPC_RESERVATION_REPORT		= 0x0e,
	/* 0x0f-0x10 - reserved */
	NVME_OPC_RESERVATION_ACQUIRE		= 0x11,
	/* 0x12-0x14 - reserved */
	NVME_OPC_RESERVATION_RELEASE		= 0x15,
	/* 0x16-0x18 - reserved */
	NVME_OPC_COPY				= 0x19,
};

enum nvme_feature {
	/* 0x00 - reserved */
	NVME_FEAT_ARBITRATION			= 0x01,
	NVME_FEAT_POWER_MANAGEMENT		= 0x02,
	NVME_FEAT_LBA_RANGE_TYPE		= 0x03,
	NVME_FEAT_TEMPERATURE_THRESHOLD		= 0x04,
	NVME_FEAT_ERROR_RECOVERY		= 0x05,
	NVME_FEAT_VOLATILE_WRITE_CACHE		= 0x06,
	NVME_FEAT_NUMBER_OF_QUEUES		= 0x07,
	NVME_FEAT_INTERRUPT_COALESCING		= 0x08,
	NVME_FEAT_INTERRUPT_VECTOR_CONFIGURATION = 0x09,
	NVME_FEAT_WRITE_ATOMICITY		= 0x0A,
	NVME_FEAT_ASYNC_EVENT_CONFIGURATION	= 0x0B,
	NVME_FEAT_AUTONOMOUS_POWER_STATE_TRANSITION = 0x0C,
	NVME_FEAT_HOST_MEMORY_BUFFER		= 0x0D,
	NVME_FEAT_TIMESTAMP			= 0x0E,
	NVME_FEAT_KEEP_ALIVE_TIMER		= 0x0F,
	NVME_FEAT_HOST_CONTROLLED_THERMAL_MGMT	= 0x10,
	NVME_FEAT_NON_OP_POWER_STATE_CONFIG	= 0x11,
	NVME_FEAT_READ_RECOVERY_LEVEL_CONFIG	= 0x12,
	NVME_FEAT_PREDICTABLE_LATENCY_MODE_CONFIG = 0x13,
	NVME_FEAT_PREDICTABLE_LATENCY_MODE_WINDOW = 0x14,
	NVME_FEAT_LBA_STATUS_INFORMATION_ATTRIBUTES = 0x15,
	NVME_FEAT_HOST_BEHAVIOR_SUPPORT		= 0x16,
	NVME_FEAT_SANITIZE_CONFIG		= 0x17,
	NVME_FEAT_ENDURANCE_GROUP_EVENT_CONFIGURATION = 0x18,
	/* 0x19-0x77 - reserved */
	/* 0x78-0x7f - NVMe Management Interface */
	NVME_FEAT_SOFTWARE_PROGRESS_MARKER	= 0x80,
	NVME_FEAT_HOST_IDENTIFIER		= 0x81,
	NVME_FEAT_RESERVATION_NOTIFICATION_MASK	= 0x82,
	NVME_FEAT_RESERVATION_PERSISTENCE	= 0x83,
	NVME_FEAT_NAMESPACE_WRITE_PROTECTION_CONFIG = 0x84,
	/* 0x85-0xBF - command set specific (reserved) */
	/* 0xC0-0xFF - vendor specific */
};

enum nvme_dsm_attribute {
	NVME_DSM_ATTR_INTEGRAL_READ		= 0x1,
	NVME_DSM_ATTR_INTEGRAL_WRITE		= 0x2,
	NVME_DSM_ATTR_DEALLOCATE		= 0x4,
};

enum nvme_activate_action {
	NVME_AA_REPLACE_NO_ACTIVATE		= 0x0,
	NVME_AA_REPLACE_ACTIVATE		= 0x1,
	NVME_AA_ACTIVATE			= 0x2,
};

struct nvme_power_state {
	/** Maximum Power */
	uint16_t	mp;			/* Maximum Power */
	uint8_t		ps_rsvd1;
	uint8_t		mps_nops;		/* Max Power Scale, Non-Operational State */

	uint32_t	enlat;			/* Entry Latency */
	uint32_t	exlat;			/* Exit Latency */

	uint8_t		rrt;			/* Relative Read Throughput */
	uint8_t		rrl;			/* Relative Read Latency */
	uint8_t		rwt;			/* Relative Write Throughput */
	uint8_t		rwl;			/* Relative Write Latency */

	uint16_t	idlp;			/* Idle Power */
	uint8_t		ips;			/* Idle Power Scale */
	uint8_t		ps_rsvd8;

	uint16_t	actp;			/* Active Power */
	uint8_t		apw_aps;		/* Active Power Workload, Active Power Scale */
	uint8_t		ps_rsvd10[9];
} __packed;

_Static_assert(sizeof(struct nvme_power_state) == 32, "bad size for nvme_power_state");

#define NVME_SERIAL_NUMBER_LENGTH	20
#define NVME_MODEL_NUMBER_LENGTH	40
#define NVME_FIRMWARE_REVISION_LENGTH	8

struct nvme_controller_data {
	/* bytes 0-255: controller capabilities and features */

	/** pci vendor id */
	uint16_t		vid;

	/** pci subsystem vendor id */
	uint16_t		ssvid;

	/** serial number */
	uint8_t			sn[NVME_SERIAL_NUMBER_LENGTH];

	/** model number */
	uint8_t			mn[NVME_MODEL_NUMBER_LENGTH];

	/** firmware revision */
	uint8_t			fr[NVME_FIRMWARE_REVISION_LENGTH];

	/** recommended arbitration burst */
	uint8_t			rab;

	/** ieee oui identifier */
	uint8_t			ieee[3];

	/** multi-interface capabilities */
	uint8_t			mic;

	/** maximum data transfer size */
	uint8_t			mdts;

	/** Controller ID */
	uint16_t		ctrlr_id;

	/** Version */
	uint32_t		ver;

	/** RTD3 Resume Latency */
	uint32_t		rtd3r;

	/** RTD3 Enter Latency */
	uint32_t		rtd3e;

	/** Optional Asynchronous Events Supported */
	uint32_t		oaes;	/* bitfield really */

	/** Controller Attributes */
	uint32_t		ctratt;	/* bitfield really */

	/** Read Recovery Levels Supported */
	uint16_t		rrls;

	uint8_t			reserved1[9];

	/** Controller Type */
	uint8_t			cntrltype;

	/** FRU Globally Unique Identifier */
	uint8_t			fguid[16];

	/** Command Retry Delay Time 1 */
	uint16_t		crdt1;

	/** Command Retry Delay Time 2 */
	uint16_t		crdt2;

	/** Command Retry Delay Time 3 */
	uint16_t		crdt3;

	uint8_t			reserved2[122];

	/* bytes 256-511: admin command set attributes */

	/** optional admin command support */
	uint16_t		oacs;

	/** abort command limit */
	uint8_t			acl;

	/** asynchronous event request limit */
	uint8_t			aerl;

	/** firmware updates */
	uint8_t			frmw;

	/** log page attributes */
	uint8_t			lpa;

	/** error log page entries */
	uint8_t			elpe;

	/** number of power states supported */
	uint8_t			npss;

	/** admin vendor specific command configuration */
	uint8_t			avscc;

	/** Autonomous Power State Transition Attributes */
	uint8_t			apsta;

	/** Warning Composite Temperature Threshold */
	uint16_t		wctemp;

	/** Critical Composite Temperature Threshold */
	uint16_t		cctemp;

	/** Maximum Time for Firmware Activation */
	uint16_t		mtfa;

	/** Host Memory Buffer Preferred Size */
	uint32_t		hmpre;

	/** Host Memory Buffer Minimum Size */
	uint32_t		hmmin;

	/** Name space capabilities  */
	struct {
		/* if nsmgmt, report tnvmcap and unvmcap */
		uint8_t    tnvmcap[16];
		uint8_t    unvmcap[16];
	} __packed untncap;

	/** Replay Protected Memory Block Support */
	uint32_t		rpmbs; /* Really a bitfield */

	/** Extended Device Self-test Time */
	uint16_t		edstt;

	/** Device Self-test Options */
	uint8_t			dsto; /* Really a bitfield */

	/** Firmware Update Granularity */
	uint8_t			fwug;

	/** Keep Alive Support */
	uint16_t		kas;

	/** Host Controlled Thermal Management Attributes */
	uint16_t		hctma; /* Really a bitfield */

	/** Minimum Thermal Management Temperature */
	uint16_t		mntmt;

	/** Maximum Thermal Management Temperature */
	uint16_t		mxtmt;

	/** Sanitize Capabilities */
	uint32_t		sanicap; /* Really a bitfield */

	/** Host Memory Buffer Minimum Descriptor Entry Size */
	uint32_t		hmminds;

	/** Host Memory Maximum Descriptors Entries */
	uint16_t		hmmaxd;

	/** NVM Set Identifier Maximum */
	uint16_t		nsetidmax;

	/** Endurance Group Identifier Maximum */
	uint16_t		endgidmax;

	/** ANA Transition Time */
	uint8_t			anatt;

	/** Asymmetric Namespace Access Capabilities */
	uint8_t			anacap;

	/** ANA Group Identifier Maximum */
	uint32_t		anagrpmax;

	/** Number of ANA Group Identifiers */
	uint32_t		nanagrpid;

	/** Persistent Event Log Size */
	uint32_t		pels;

	uint8_t			reserved3[156];
	/* bytes 512-703: nvm command set attributes */

	/** submission queue entry size */
	uint8_t			sqes;

	/** completion queue entry size */
	uint8_t			cqes;

	/** Maximum Outstanding Commands */
	uint16_t		maxcmd;

	/** number of namespaces */
	uint32_t		nn;

	/** optional nvm command support */
	uint16_t		oncs;

	/** fused operation support */
	uint16_t		fuses;

	/** format nvm attributes */
	uint8_t			fna;

	/** volatile write cache */
	uint8_t			vwc;

	/** Atomic Write Unit Normal */
	uint16_t		awun;

	/** Atomic Write Unit Power Fail */
	uint16_t		awupf;

	/** NVM Vendor Specific Command Configuration */
	uint8_t			nvscc;

	/** Namespace Write Protection Capabilities */
	uint8_t			nwpc;

	/** Atomic Compare & Write Unit */
	uint16_t		acwu;
	uint16_t		reserved6;

	/** SGL Support */
	uint32_t		sgls;

	/** Maximum Number of Allowed Namespaces */
	uint32_t		mnan;

	/* bytes 540-767: Reserved */
	uint8_t			reserved7[224];

	/** NVM Subsystem NVMe Qualified Name */
	uint8_t			subnqn[256];

	/* bytes 1024-1791: Reserved */
	uint8_t			reserved8[768];

	/* bytes 1792-2047: NVMe over Fabrics specification */
	uint32_t		ioccsz;
	uint32_t		iorcsz;
	uint16_t		icdoff;
	uint8_t			fcatt;
	uint8_t			msdbd;
	uint16_t		ofcs;
	uint8_t			reserved9[242];

	/* bytes 2048-3071: power state descriptors */
	struct nvme_power_state power_state[32];

	/* bytes 3072-4095: vendor specific */
	uint8_t			vs[1024];
} __packed __aligned(4);

_Static_assert(sizeof(struct nvme_controller_data) == 4096, "bad size for nvme_controller_data");

struct nvme_namespace_data {
	/** namespace size */
	uint64_t		nsze;

	/** namespace capacity */
	uint64_t		ncap;

	/** namespace utilization */
	uint64_t		nuse;

	/** namespace features */
	uint8_t			nsfeat;

	/** number of lba formats */
	uint8_t			nlbaf;

	/** formatted lba size */
	uint8_t			flbas;

	/** metadata capabilities */
	uint8_t			mc;

	/** end-to-end data protection capabilities */
	uint8_t			dpc;

	/** end-to-end data protection type settings */
	uint8_t			dps;

	/** Namespace Multi-path I/O and Namespace Sharing Capabilities */
	uint8_t			nmic;

	/** Reservation Capabilities */
	uint8_t			rescap;

	/** Format Progress Indicator */
	uint8_t			fpi;

	/** Deallocate Logical Block Features */
	uint8_t			dlfeat;

	/** Namespace Atomic Write Unit Normal  */
	uint16_t		nawun;

	/** Namespace Atomic Write Unit Power Fail */
	uint16_t		nawupf;

	/** Namespace Atomic Compare & Write Unit */
	uint16_t		nacwu;

	/** Namespace Atomic Boundary Size Normal */
	uint16_t		nabsn;

	/** Namespace Atomic Boundary Offset */
	uint16_t		nabo;

	/** Namespace Atomic Boundary Size Power Fail */
	uint16_t		nabspf;

	/** Namespace Optimal IO Boundary */
	uint16_t		noiob;

	/** NVM Capacity */
	uint8_t			nvmcap[16];

	/** Namespace Preferred Write Granularity  */
	uint16_t		npwg;

	/** Namespace Preferred Write Alignment */
	uint16_t		npwa;

	/** Namespace Preferred Deallocate Granularity */
	uint16_t		npdg;

	/** Namespace Preferred Deallocate Alignment */
	uint16_t		npda;

	/** Namespace Optimal Write Size */
	uint16_t		nows;

	/* bytes 74-91: Reserved */
	uint8_t			reserved5[18];

	/** ANA Group Identifier */
	uint32_t		anagrpid;

	/* bytes 96-98: Reserved */
	uint8_t			reserved6[3];

	/** Namespace Attributes */
	uint8_t			nsattr;

	/** NVM Set Identifier */
	uint16_t		nvmsetid;

	/** Endurance Group Identifier */
	uint16_t		endgid;

	/** Namespace Globally Unique Identifier */
	uint8_t			nguid[16];

	/** IEEE Extended Unique Identifier */
	uint8_t			eui64[8];

	/** lba format support */
	uint32_t		lbaf[16];

	uint8_t			reserved7[192];

	uint8_t			vendor_specific[3712];
} __packed __aligned(4);

_Static_assert(sizeof(struct nvme_namespace_data) == 4096, "bad size for nvme_namepsace_data");

enum nvme_log_page {
	/* 0x00 - reserved */
	NVME_LOG_ERROR			= 0x01,
	NVME_LOG_HEALTH_INFORMATION	= 0x02,
	NVME_LOG_FIRMWARE_SLOT		= 0x03,
	NVME_LOG_CHANGED_NAMESPACE	= 0x04,
	NVME_LOG_COMMAND_EFFECT		= 0x05,
	NVME_LOG_DEVICE_SELF_TEST	= 0x06,
	NVME_LOG_TELEMETRY_HOST_INITIATED = 0x07,
	NVME_LOG_TELEMETRY_CONTROLLER_INITIATED = 0x08,
	NVME_LOG_ENDURANCE_GROUP_INFORMATION = 0x09,
	NVME_LOG_PREDICTABLE_LATENCY_PER_NVM_SET = 0x0a,
	NVME_LOG_PREDICTABLE_LATENCY_EVENT_AGGREGATE = 0x0b,
	NVME_LOG_ASYMMETRIC_NAMESPACE_ACCESS = 0x0c,
	NVME_LOG_PERSISTENT_EVENT_LOG	= 0x0d,
	NVME_LOG_LBA_STATUS_INFORMATION	= 0x0e,
	NVME_LOG_ENDURANCE_GROUP_EVENT_AGGREGATE = 0x0f,
	NVME_LOG_DISCOVERY		= 0x70,
	/* 0x06-0x7F - reserved */
	/* 0x80-0xBF - I/O command set specific */
	NVME_LOG_RES_NOTIFICATION	= 0x80,
	NVME_LOG_SANITIZE_STATUS	= 0x81,
	/* 0x82-0xBF - reserved */
	/* 0xC0-0xFF - vendor specific */

	/*
	 * The following are Intel Specific log pages, but they seem
	 * to be widely implemented.
	 */
	INTEL_LOG_READ_LAT_LOG		= 0xc1,
	INTEL_LOG_WRITE_LAT_LOG		= 0xc2,
	INTEL_LOG_TEMP_STATS		= 0xc5,
	INTEL_LOG_ADD_SMART		= 0xca,
	INTEL_LOG_DRIVE_MKT_NAME	= 0xdd,

	/*
	 * HGST log page, with lots ofs sub pages.
	 */
	HGST_INFO_LOG			= 0xc1,
};

struct nvme_error_information_entry {
	uint64_t		error_count;
	uint16_t		sqid;
	uint16_t		cid;
	uint16_t		status;
	uint16_t		error_location;
	uint64_t		lba;
	uint32_t		nsid;
	uint8_t			vendor_specific;
	uint8_t			trtype;
	uint16_t		reserved30;
	uint64_t		csi;
	uint16_t		ttsi;
	uint8_t			reserved[22];
} __packed __aligned(4);

_Static_assert(sizeof(struct nvme_error_information_entry) == 64, "bad size for nvme_error_information_entry");

struct nvme_health_information_page {
	uint8_t			critical_warning;
	uint16_t		temperature;
	uint8_t			available_spare;
	uint8_t			available_spare_threshold;
	uint8_t			percentage_used;

	uint8_t			reserved[26];

	/*
	 * Note that the following are 128-bit values, but are
	 *  defined as an array of 2 64-bit values.
	 */
	/* Data Units Read is always in 512-byte units. */
	uint64_t		data_units_read[2];
	/* Data Units Written is always in 512-byte units. */
	uint64_t		data_units_written[2];
	/* For NVM command set, this includes Compare commands. */
	uint64_t		host_read_commands[2];
	uint64_t		host_write_commands[2];
	/* Controller Busy Time is reported in minutes. */
	uint64_t		controller_busy_time[2];
	uint64_t		power_cycles[2];
	uint64_t		power_on_hours[2];
	uint64_t		unsafe_shutdowns[2];
	uint64_t		media_errors[2];
	uint64_t		num_error_info_log_entries[2];
	uint32_t		warning_temp_time;
	uint32_t		error_temp_time;
	uint16_t		temp_sensor[8];
	/* Thermal Management Temperature 1 Transition Count */
	uint32_t		tmt1tc;
	/* Thermal Management Temperature 2 Transition Count */
	uint32_t		tmt2tc;
	/* Total Time For Thermal Management Temperature 1 */
	uint32_t		ttftmt1;
	/* Total Time For Thermal Management Temperature 2 */
	uint32_t		ttftmt2;

	uint8_t			reserved2[280];
} __packed __aligned(4);

_Static_assert(sizeof(struct nvme_health_information_page) == 512, "bad size for nvme_health_information_page");

struct nvme_firmware_page {
	uint8_t			afi;
	uint8_t			reserved[7];
	/* revisions for 7 slots */
	uint8_t			revision[7][NVME_FIRMWARE_REVISION_LENGTH];
	uint8_t			reserved2[448];
} __packed __aligned(4);

_Static_assert(sizeof(struct nvme_firmware_page) == 512, "bad size for nvme_firmware_page");

struct nvme_ns_list {
	uint32_t		ns[1024];
} __packed __aligned(4);

_Static_assert(sizeof(struct nvme_ns_list) == 4096, "bad size for nvme_ns_list");

struct nvme_command_effects_page {
	uint32_t		acs[256];
	uint32_t		iocs[256];
	uint8_t			reserved[2048];
} __packed __aligned(4);

_Static_assert(sizeof(struct nvme_command_effects_page) == 4096,
    "bad size for nvme_command_effects_page");

struct nvme_device_self_test_page {
	uint8_t			curr_operation;
	uint8_t			curr_compl;
	uint8_t			rsvd2[2];
	struct {
		uint8_t		status;
		uint8_t		segment_num;
		uint8_t		valid_diag_info;
		uint8_t		rsvd3;
		uint64_t	poh;
		uint32_t	nsid;
		/* Define as an array to simplify alignment issues */
		uint8_t		failing_lba[8];
		uint8_t		status_code_type;
		uint8_t		status_code;
		uint8_t		vendor_specific[2];
	} __packed result[20];
} __packed __aligned(4);

_Static_assert(sizeof(struct nvme_device_self_test_page) == 564,
    "bad size for nvme_device_self_test_page");

struct nvme_discovery_log_entry {
	uint8_t			trtype;
	uint8_t			adrfam;
	uint8_t			subtype;
	uint8_t			treq;
	uint16_t		portid;
	uint16_t		cntlid;
	uint16_t		aqsz;
	uint8_t			reserved1[22];
	uint8_t			trsvcid[32];
	uint8_t			reserved2[192];
	uint8_t			subnqn[256];
	uint8_t			traddr[256];
	union {
		struct {
			uint8_t	rdma_qptype;
			uint8_t	rdma_prtype;
			uint8_t	rdma_cms;
			uint8_t	reserved[5];
			uint16_t rdma_pkey;
		} rdma;
		struct {
			uint8_t	sectype;
		} tcp;
		uint8_t		reserved[256];
	} tsas;
} __packed __aligned(4);

_Static_assert(sizeof(struct nvme_discovery_log_entry) == 1024,
    "bad size for nvme_discovery_log_entry");

struct nvme_discovery_log {
	uint64_t		genctr;
	uint64_t		numrec;
	uint16_t		recfmt;
	uint8_t			reserved[1006];
	struct nvme_discovery_log_entry entries[];
} __packed __aligned(4);

_Static_assert(sizeof(struct nvme_discovery_log) == 1024,
    "bad size for nvme_discovery_log");

struct nvme_res_notification_page {
	uint64_t		log_page_count;
	uint8_t			log_page_type;
	uint8_t			available_log_pages;
	uint8_t			reserved2;
	uint32_t		nsid;
	uint8_t			reserved[48];
} __packed __aligned(4);

_Static_assert(sizeof(struct nvme_res_notification_page) == 64,
    "bad size for nvme_res_notification_page");

struct nvme_sanitize_status_page {
	uint16_t		sprog;
	uint16_t		sstat;
	uint32_t		scdw10;
	uint32_t		etfo;
	uint32_t		etfbe;
	uint32_t		etfce;
	uint32_t		etfownd;
	uint32_t		etfbewnd;
	uint32_t		etfcewnd;
	uint8_t			reserved[480];
} __packed __aligned(4);

_Static_assert(sizeof(struct nvme_sanitize_status_page) == 512,
    "bad size for nvme_sanitize_status_page");

struct intel_log_temp_stats {
	uint64_t	current;
	uint64_t	overtemp_flag_last;
	uint64_t	overtemp_flag_life;
	uint64_t	max_temp;
	uint64_t	min_temp;
	uint64_t	_rsvd[5];
	uint64_t	max_oper_temp;
	uint64_t	min_oper_temp;
	uint64_t	est_offset;
} __packed __aligned(4);

_Static_assert(sizeof(struct intel_log_temp_stats) == 13 * 8, "bad size for intel_log_temp_stats");

struct nvme_resv_reg_ctrlr {
	uint16_t		ctrlr_id;	/* Controller ID */
	uint8_t			rcsts;		/* Reservation Status */
	uint8_t			reserved3[5];
	uint64_t		hostid;		/* Host Identifier */
	uint64_t		rkey;		/* Reservation Key */
} __packed __aligned(4);

_Static_assert(sizeof(struct nvme_resv_reg_ctrlr) == 24, "bad size for nvme_resv_reg_ctrlr");

struct nvme_resv_reg_ctrlr_ext {
	uint16_t		ctrlr_id;	/* Controller ID */
	uint8_t			rcsts;		/* Reservation Status */
	uint8_t			reserved3[5];
	uint64_t		rkey;		/* Reservation Key */
	uint64_t		hostid[2];	/* Host Identifier */
	uint8_t			reserved32[32];
} __packed __aligned(4);

_Static_assert(sizeof(struct nvme_resv_reg_ctrlr_ext) == 64, "bad size for nvme_resv_reg_ctrlr_ext");

struct nvme_resv_status {
	uint32_t		gen;		/* Generation */
	uint8_t			rtype;		/* Reservation Type */
	uint8_t			regctl[2];	/* Number of Registered Controllers */
	uint8_t			reserved7[2];
	uint8_t			ptpls;		/* Persist Through Power Loss State */
	uint8_t			reserved10[14];
	struct nvme_resv_reg_ctrlr	ctrlr[0];
} __packed __aligned(4);

_Static_assert(sizeof(struct nvme_resv_status) == 24, "bad size for nvme_resv_status");

struct nvme_resv_status_ext {
	uint32_t		gen;		/* Generation */
	uint8_t			rtype;		/* Reservation Type */
	uint8_t			regctl[2];	/* Number of Registered Controllers */
	uint8_t			reserved7[2];
	uint8_t			ptpls;		/* Persist Through Power Loss State */
	uint8_t			reserved10[14];
	uint8_t			reserved24[40];
	struct nvme_resv_reg_ctrlr_ext	ctrlr[0];
} __packed __aligned(4);

_Static_assert(sizeof(struct nvme_resv_status_ext) == 64, "bad size for nvme_resv_status_ext");

#define NVME_TEST_MAX_THREADS	128

struct nvme_io_test {
	enum nvme_nvm_opcode	opc;
	uint32_t		size;
	uint32_t		time;	/* in seconds */
	uint32_t		num_threads;
	uint32_t		flags;
	uint64_t		io_completed[NVME_TEST_MAX_THREADS];
};

enum nvme_io_test_flags {
	/*
	 * Specifies whether dev_refthread/dev_relthread should be
	 *  called during NVME_BIO_TEST.  Ignored for other test
	 *  types.
	 */
	NVME_TEST_FLAG_REFTHREAD =	0x1,
};

struct nvme_pt_command {
	/*
	 * cmd is used to specify a passthrough command to a controller or
	 *  namespace.
	 *
	 * The following fields from cmd may be specified by the caller:
	 *	* opc  (opcode)
	 *	* nsid (namespace id) - for admin commands only
	 *	* cdw10-cdw15
	 *
	 * Remaining fields must be set to 0 by the caller.
	 */
	struct nvme_command	cmd;

	/*
	 * cpl returns completion status for the passthrough command
	 *  specified by cmd.
	 *
	 * The following fields will be filled out by the driver, for
	 *  consumption by the caller:
	 *	* cdw0
	 *	* status (except for phase)
	 *
	 * Remaining fields will be set to 0 by the driver.
	 */
	struct nvme_completion	cpl;

	/* buf is the data buffer associated with this passthrough command. */
	void *			buf;

	/*
	 * len is the length of the data buffer associated with this
	 *  passthrough command.
	 */
	uint32_t		len;

	/*
	 * is_read = 1 if the passthrough command will read data into the
	 *  supplied buffer from the controller.
	 *
	 * is_read = 0 if the passthrough command will write data from the
	 *  supplied buffer to the controller.
	 */
	uint32_t		is_read;

	/*
	 * driver_lock is used by the driver only.  It must be set to 0
	 *  by the caller.
	 */
	struct mtx *		driver_lock;
};

struct nvme_get_nsid {
	char		cdev[SPECNAMELEN + 1];
	uint32_t	nsid;
};

struct nvme_hmb_desc {
	uint64_t	addr;
	uint32_t	size;
	uint32_t	reserved;
};

#define nvme_completion_is_error(cpl)					\
	(NVME_STATUS_GET_SC((cpl)->status) != 0 || NVME_STATUS_GET_SCT((cpl)->status) != 0)

void	nvme_strvis(uint8_t *dst, const uint8_t *src, int dstlen, int srclen);

#ifdef _KERNEL

struct bio;
struct thread;

struct nvme_namespace;
struct nvme_controller;
struct nvme_consumer;

typedef void (*nvme_cb_fn_t)(void *, const struct nvme_completion *);

typedef void *(*nvme_cons_ns_fn_t)(struct nvme_namespace *, void *);
typedef void *(*nvme_cons_ctrlr_fn_t)(struct nvme_controller *);
typedef void (*nvme_cons_async_fn_t)(void *, const struct nvme_completion *,
				     uint32_t, void *, uint32_t);
typedef void (*nvme_cons_fail_fn_t)(void *);

enum nvme_namespace_flags {
	NVME_NS_DEALLOCATE_SUPPORTED	= 0x1,
	NVME_NS_FLUSH_SUPPORTED		= 0x2,
};

int	nvme_ctrlr_passthrough_cmd(struct nvme_controller *ctrlr,
				   struct nvme_pt_command *pt,
				   uint32_t nsid, int is_user_buffer,
				   int is_admin_cmd);

/* Admin functions */
void	nvme_ctrlr_cmd_set_feature(struct nvme_controller *ctrlr,
				   uint8_t feature, uint32_t cdw11,
				   uint32_t cdw12, uint32_t cdw13,
				   uint32_t cdw14, uint32_t cdw15,
				   void *payload, uint32_t payload_size,
				   nvme_cb_fn_t cb_fn, void *cb_arg);
void	nvme_ctrlr_cmd_get_feature(struct nvme_controller *ctrlr,
				   uint8_t feature, uint32_t cdw11,
				   void *payload, uint32_t payload_size,
				   nvme_cb_fn_t cb_fn, void *cb_arg);
void	nvme_ctrlr_cmd_get_log_page(struct nvme_controller *ctrlr,
				    uint8_t log_page, uint32_t nsid,
				    void *payload, uint32_t payload_size,
				    nvme_cb_fn_t cb_fn, void *cb_arg);

/* NVM I/O functions */
int	nvme_ns_cmd_write(struct nvme_namespace *ns, void *payload,
			  uint64_t lba, uint32_t lba_count, nvme_cb_fn_t cb_fn,
			  void *cb_arg);
int	nvme_ns_cmd_write_bio(struct nvme_namespace *ns, struct bio *bp,
			      nvme_cb_fn_t cb_fn, void *cb_arg);
int	nvme_ns_cmd_read(struct nvme_namespace *ns, void *payload,
			 uint64_t lba, uint32_t lba_count, nvme_cb_fn_t cb_fn,
			 void *cb_arg);
int	nvme_ns_cmd_read_bio(struct nvme_namespace *ns, struct bio *bp,
			      nvme_cb_fn_t cb_fn, void *cb_arg);
int	nvme_ns_cmd_deallocate(struct nvme_namespace *ns, void *payload,
			       uint8_t num_ranges, nvme_cb_fn_t cb_fn,
			       void *cb_arg);
int	nvme_ns_cmd_flush(struct nvme_namespace *ns, nvme_cb_fn_t cb_fn,
			  void *cb_arg);
int	nvme_ns_dump(struct nvme_namespace *ns, void *virt, off_t offset,
		     size_t len);

/* Registration functions */
struct nvme_consumer *	nvme_register_consumer(nvme_cons_ns_fn_t    ns_fn,
					       nvme_cons_ctrlr_fn_t ctrlr_fn,
					       nvme_cons_async_fn_t async_fn,
					       nvme_cons_fail_fn_t  fail_fn);
void		nvme_unregister_consumer(struct nvme_consumer *consumer);

/* Controller helper functions */
device_t	nvme_ctrlr_get_device(struct nvme_controller *ctrlr);
const struct nvme_controller_data *
		nvme_ctrlr_get_data(struct nvme_controller *ctrlr);
static inline bool
nvme_ctrlr_has_dataset_mgmt(const struct nvme_controller_data *cd)
{
	/* Assumes cd was byte swapped by nvme_controller_data_swapbytes() */
	return (NVMEV(NVME_CTRLR_DATA_ONCS_DSM, cd->oncs) != 0);
}

/* Namespace helper functions */
uint32_t	nvme_ns_get_max_io_xfer_size(struct nvme_namespace *ns);
uint32_t	nvme_ns_get_sector_size(struct nvme_namespace *ns);
uint64_t	nvme_ns_get_num_sectors(struct nvme_namespace *ns);
uint64_t	nvme_ns_get_size(struct nvme_namespace *ns);
uint32_t	nvme_ns_get_flags(struct nvme_namespace *ns);
const char *	nvme_ns_get_serial_number(struct nvme_namespace *ns);
const char *	nvme_ns_get_model_number(struct nvme_namespace *ns);
const struct nvme_namespace_data *
		nvme_ns_get_data(struct nvme_namespace *ns);
uint32_t	nvme_ns_get_stripesize(struct nvme_namespace *ns);

int	nvme_ns_bio_process(struct nvme_namespace *ns, struct bio *bp,
			    nvme_cb_fn_t cb_fn);
int	nvme_ns_ioctl_process(struct nvme_namespace *ns, u_long cmd,
    caddr_t arg, int flag, struct thread *td);

/*
 * Command building helper functions -- shared with CAM
 * These functions assume allocator zeros out cmd structure
 * CAM's xpt_get_ccb and the request allocator for nvme both
 * do zero'd allocations.
 */
static inline
void	nvme_ns_flush_cmd(struct nvme_command *cmd, uint32_t nsid)
{

	cmd->opc = NVME_OPC_FLUSH;
	cmd->nsid = htole32(nsid);
}

static inline
void	nvme_ns_rw_cmd(struct nvme_command *cmd, uint32_t rwcmd, uint32_t nsid,
    uint64_t lba, uint32_t count)
{
	cmd->opc = rwcmd;
	cmd->nsid = htole32(nsid);
	cmd->cdw10 = htole32(lba & 0xffffffffu);
	cmd->cdw11 = htole32(lba >> 32);
	cmd->cdw12 = htole32(count-1);
}

static inline
void	nvme_ns_write_cmd(struct nvme_command *cmd, uint32_t nsid,
    uint64_t lba, uint32_t count)
{
	nvme_ns_rw_cmd(cmd, NVME_OPC_WRITE, nsid, lba, count);
}

static inline
void	nvme_ns_read_cmd(struct nvme_command *cmd, uint32_t nsid,
    uint64_t lba, uint32_t count)
{
	nvme_ns_rw_cmd(cmd, NVME_OPC_READ, nsid, lba, count);
}

static inline
void	nvme_ns_trim_cmd(struct nvme_command *cmd, uint32_t nsid,
    uint32_t num_ranges)
{
	cmd->opc = NVME_OPC_DATASET_MANAGEMENT;
	cmd->nsid = htole32(nsid);
	cmd->cdw10 = htole32(num_ranges - 1);
	cmd->cdw11 = htole32(NVME_DSM_ATTR_DEALLOCATE);
}

extern int nvme_use_nvd;

#endif /* _KERNEL */

/* Endianess conversion functions for NVMe structs */
static inline
void	nvme_completion_swapbytes(struct nvme_completion *s __unused)
{
#if _BYTE_ORDER != _LITTLE_ENDIAN

	s->cdw0 = le32toh(s->cdw0);
	/* omit rsvd1 */
	s->sqhd = le16toh(s->sqhd);
	s->sqid = le16toh(s->sqid);
	/* omit cid */
	s->status = le16toh(s->status);
#endif
}

static inline
void	nvme_power_state_swapbytes(struct nvme_power_state *s __unused)
{
#if _BYTE_ORDER != _LITTLE_ENDIAN

	s->mp = le16toh(s->mp);
	s->enlat = le32toh(s->enlat);
	s->exlat = le32toh(s->exlat);
	s->idlp = le16toh(s->idlp);
	s->actp = le16toh(s->actp);
#endif
}

static inline
void	nvme_controller_data_swapbytes(struct nvme_controller_data *s __unused)
{
#if _BYTE_ORDER != _LITTLE_ENDIAN
	int i;

	s->vid = le16toh(s->vid);
	s->ssvid = le16toh(s->ssvid);
	s->ctrlr_id = le16toh(s->ctrlr_id);
	s->ver = le32toh(s->ver);
	s->rtd3r = le32toh(s->rtd3r);
	s->rtd3e = le32toh(s->rtd3e);
	s->oaes = le32toh(s->oaes);
	s->ctratt = le32toh(s->ctratt);
	s->rrls = le16toh(s->rrls);
	s->crdt1 = le16toh(s->crdt1);
	s->crdt2 = le16toh(s->crdt2);
	s->crdt3 = le16toh(s->crdt3);
	s->oacs = le16toh(s->oacs);
	s->wctemp = le16toh(s->wctemp);
	s->cctemp = le16toh(s->cctemp);
	s->mtfa = le16toh(s->mtfa);
	s->hmpre = le32toh(s->hmpre);
	s->hmmin = le32toh(s->hmmin);
	s->rpmbs = le32toh(s->rpmbs);
	s->edstt = le16toh(s->edstt);
	s->kas = le16toh(s->kas);
	s->hctma = le16toh(s->hctma);
	s->mntmt = le16toh(s->mntmt);
	s->mxtmt = le16toh(s->mxtmt);
	s->sanicap = le32toh(s->sanicap);
	s->hmminds = le32toh(s->hmminds);
	s->hmmaxd = le16toh(s->hmmaxd);
	s->nsetidmax = le16toh(s->nsetidmax);
	s->endgidmax = le16toh(s->endgidmax);
	s->anagrpmax = le32toh(s->anagrpmax);
	s->nanagrpid = le32toh(s->nanagrpid);
	s->pels = le32toh(s->pels);
	s->maxcmd = le16toh(s->maxcmd);
	s->nn = le32toh(s->nn);
	s->oncs = le16toh(s->oncs);
	s->fuses = le16toh(s->fuses);
	s->awun = le16toh(s->awun);
	s->awupf = le16toh(s->awupf);
	s->acwu = le16toh(s->acwu);
	s->sgls = le32toh(s->sgls);
	s->mnan = le32toh(s->mnan);
	s->ioccsz = le32toh(s->ioccsz);
	s->iorcsz = le32toh(s->iorcsz);
	s->icdoff = le16toh(s->icdoff);
	s->ofcs = le16toh(s->ofcs);
	for (i = 0; i < 32; i++)
		nvme_power_state_swapbytes(&s->power_state[i]);
#endif
}

static inline
void	nvme_namespace_data_swapbytes(struct nvme_namespace_data *s __unused)
{
#if _BYTE_ORDER != _LITTLE_ENDIAN
	int i;

	s->nsze = le64toh(s->nsze);
	s->ncap = le64toh(s->ncap);
	s->nuse = le64toh(s->nuse);
	s->nawun = le16toh(s->nawun);
	s->nawupf = le16toh(s->nawupf);
	s->nacwu = le16toh(s->nacwu);
	s->nabsn = le16toh(s->nabsn);
	s->nabo = le16toh(s->nabo);
	s->nabspf = le16toh(s->nabspf);
	s->noiob = le16toh(s->noiob);
	s->npwg = le16toh(s->npwg);
	s->npwa = le16toh(s->npwa);
	s->npdg = le16toh(s->npdg);
	s->npda = le16toh(s->npda);
	s->nows = le16toh(s->nows);
	s->anagrpid = le32toh(s->anagrpid);
	s->nvmsetid = le16toh(s->nvmsetid);
	s->endgid = le16toh(s->endgid);
	for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
		s->lbaf[i] = le32toh(s->lbaf[i]);
#endif
}

static inline
void	nvme_error_information_entry_swapbytes(
    struct nvme_error_information_entry *s __unused)
{
#if _BYTE_ORDER != _LITTLE_ENDIAN

	s->error_count = le64toh(s->error_count);
	s->sqid = le16toh(s->sqid);
	s->cid = le16toh(s->cid);
	s->status = le16toh(s->status);
	s->error_location = le16toh(s->error_location);
	s->lba = le64toh(s->lba);
	s->nsid = le32toh(s->nsid);
	s->csi = le64toh(s->csi);
	s->ttsi = le16toh(s->ttsi);
#endif
}

static inline
void	nvme_le128toh(void *p __unused)
{
#if _BYTE_ORDER != _LITTLE_ENDIAN
	/* Swap 16 bytes in place */
	char *tmp = (char*)p;
	char b;
	int i;
	for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
		b = tmp[i];
		tmp[i] = tmp[15-i];
		tmp[15-i] = b;
	}
#endif
}

static inline
void	nvme_health_information_page_swapbytes(
    struct nvme_health_information_page *s __unused)
{
#if _BYTE_ORDER != _LITTLE_ENDIAN
	int i;

	s->temperature = le16toh(s->temperature);
	nvme_le128toh((void *)s->data_units_read);
	nvme_le128toh((void *)s->data_units_written);
	nvme_le128toh((void *)s->host_read_commands);
	nvme_le128toh((void *)s->host_write_commands);
	nvme_le128toh((void *)s->controller_busy_time);
	nvme_le128toh((void *)s->power_cycles);
	nvme_le128toh((void *)s->power_on_hours);
	nvme_le128toh((void *)s->unsafe_shutdowns);
	nvme_le128toh((void *)s->media_errors);
	nvme_le128toh((void *)s->num_error_info_log_entries);
	s->warning_temp_time = le32toh(s->warning_temp_time);
	s->error_temp_time = le32toh(s->error_temp_time);
	for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
		s->temp_sensor[i] = le16toh(s->temp_sensor[i]);
	s->tmt1tc = le32toh(s->tmt1tc);
	s->tmt2tc = le32toh(s->tmt2tc);
	s->ttftmt1 = le32toh(s->ttftmt1);
	s->ttftmt2 = le32toh(s->ttftmt2);
#endif
}

static inline
void	nvme_ns_list_swapbytes(struct nvme_ns_list *s __unused)
{
#if _BYTE_ORDER != _LITTLE_ENDIAN
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < 1024; i++)
		s->ns[i] = le32toh(s->ns[i]);
#endif
}

static inline
void	nvme_command_effects_page_swapbytes(
    struct nvme_command_effects_page *s __unused)
{
#if _BYTE_ORDER != _LITTLE_ENDIAN
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
		s->acs[i] = le32toh(s->acs[i]);
	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
		s->iocs[i] = le32toh(s->iocs[i]);
#endif
}

static inline
void	nvme_res_notification_page_swapbytes(
    struct nvme_res_notification_page *s __unused)
{
#if _BYTE_ORDER != _LITTLE_ENDIAN
	s->log_page_count = le64toh(s->log_page_count);
	s->nsid = le32toh(s->nsid);
#endif
}

static inline
void	nvme_sanitize_status_page_swapbytes(
    struct nvme_sanitize_status_page *s __unused)
{
#if _BYTE_ORDER != _LITTLE_ENDIAN
	s->sprog = le16toh(s->sprog);
	s->sstat = le16toh(s->sstat);
	s->scdw10 = le32toh(s->scdw10);
	s->etfo = le32toh(s->etfo);
	s->etfbe = le32toh(s->etfbe);
	s->etfce = le32toh(s->etfce);
	s->etfownd = le32toh(s->etfownd);
	s->etfbewnd = le32toh(s->etfbewnd);
	s->etfcewnd = le32toh(s->etfcewnd);
#endif
}

static inline
void	intel_log_temp_stats_swapbytes(struct intel_log_temp_stats *s __unused)
{
#if _BYTE_ORDER != _LITTLE_ENDIAN

	s->current = le64toh(s->current);
	s->overtemp_flag_last = le64toh(s->overtemp_flag_last);
	s->overtemp_flag_life = le64toh(s->overtemp_flag_life);
	s->max_temp = le64toh(s->max_temp);
	s->min_temp = le64toh(s->min_temp);
	/* omit _rsvd[] */
	s->max_oper_temp = le64toh(s->max_oper_temp);
	s->min_oper_temp = le64toh(s->min_oper_temp);
	s->est_offset = le64toh(s->est_offset);
#endif
}

static inline
void	nvme_resv_status_swapbytes(struct nvme_resv_status *s __unused,
    size_t size __unused)
{
#if _BYTE_ORDER != _LITTLE_ENDIAN
	size_t i, n;

	s->gen = le32toh(s->gen);
	n = (s->regctl[1] << 8) | s->regctl[0];
	n = MIN(n, (size - sizeof(s)) / sizeof(s->ctrlr[0]));
	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		s->ctrlr[i].ctrlr_id = le16toh(s->ctrlr[i].ctrlr_id);
		s->ctrlr[i].hostid = le64toh(s->ctrlr[i].hostid);
		s->ctrlr[i].rkey = le64toh(s->ctrlr[i].rkey);
	}
#endif
}

static inline
void	nvme_resv_status_ext_swapbytes(struct nvme_resv_status_ext *s __unused,
    size_t size __unused)
{
#if _BYTE_ORDER != _LITTLE_ENDIAN
	size_t i, n;

	s->gen = le32toh(s->gen);
	n = (s->regctl[1] << 8) | s->regctl[0];
	n = MIN(n, (size - sizeof(s)) / sizeof(s->ctrlr[0]));
	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		s->ctrlr[i].ctrlr_id = le16toh(s->ctrlr[i].ctrlr_id);
		s->ctrlr[i].rkey = le64toh(s->ctrlr[i].rkey);
		nvme_le128toh((void *)s->ctrlr[i].hostid);
	}
#endif
}

static inline void
nvme_device_self_test_swapbytes(struct nvme_device_self_test_page *s __unused)
{
#if _BYTE_ORDER != _LITTLE_ENDIAN
	uint8_t *tmp;
	uint32_t r, i;
	uint8_t b;

	for (r = 0; r < 20; r++) {
		s->result[r].poh = le64toh(s->result[r].poh);
		s->result[r].nsid = le32toh(s->result[r].nsid);
		/* Unaligned 64-bit loads fail on some architectures */
		tmp = s->result[r].failing_lba;
		for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
			b = tmp[i];
			tmp[i] = tmp[7-i];
			tmp[7-i] = b;
		}
	}
#endif
}

static inline void
nvme_discovery_log_entry_swapbytes(struct nvme_discovery_log_entry *s __unused)
{
#if _BYTE_ORDER != _LITTLE_ENDIAN
	s->portid = le16toh(s->portid);
	s->cntlid = le16toh(s->cntlid);
	s->aqsz = le16toh(s->aqsz);
	if (s->trtype == 0x01 /* RDMA */) {
		s->tsas.rdma.rdma_pkey = le16toh(s->tsas.rdma.rdma_pkey);
	}
#endif
}

static inline void
nvme_discovery_log_swapbytes(struct nvme_discovery_log *s __unused)
{
#if _BYTE_ORDER != _LITTLE_ENDIAN
	s->genctr = le64toh(s->genctr);
	s->numrec = le64toh(s->numrec);
	s->recfmt = le16toh(s->recfmt);
#endif
}
#endif /* __NVME_H__ */