xref: /freebsd/sys/dev/watchdog/watchdog.c (revision 0957b409)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2004 Poul-Henning Kamp
5  * Copyright (c) 2013 iXsystems.com,
6  *               author: Alfred Perlstein <alfred@freebsd.org>
7  *
8  * All rights reserved.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
15  *    in this position and unchanged.
16  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
22  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
23  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
24  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
25  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
26  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
27  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
28  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
29  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
30  *
31  */
32 
33 #include "opt_ddb.h"
34 
35 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
36 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
37 
38 #include <sys/param.h>
39 #include <sys/types.h>
40 #include <sys/systm.h>
41 #include <sys/conf.h>
42 #include <sys/uio.h>
43 #include <sys/kernel.h>
44 #include <sys/kdb.h>
45 #include <sys/malloc.h>
46 #include <sys/module.h>
47 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
48 #include <sys/syslog.h>
49 #include <sys/watchdog.h>
50 #include <sys/bus.h>
51 #include <machine/bus.h>
52 
53 #include <sys/syscallsubr.h> /* kern_clock_gettime() */
54 
55 static int wd_set_pretimeout(int newtimeout, int disableiftoolong);
56 static void wd_timeout_cb(void *arg);
57 
58 static struct callout wd_pretimeo_handle;
59 static int wd_pretimeout;
60 static int wd_pretimeout_act = WD_SOFT_LOG;
61 
62 static struct callout wd_softtimeo_handle;
63 static int wd_softtimer;	/* true = use softtimer instead of hardware
64 				   watchdog */
65 static int wd_softtimeout_act = WD_SOFT_LOG;	/* action for the software timeout */
66 
67 static struct cdev *wd_dev;
68 static volatile u_int wd_last_u;    /* last timeout value set by kern_do_pat */
69 static u_int wd_last_u_sysctl;    /* last timeout value set by kern_do_pat */
70 static u_int wd_last_u_sysctl_secs;    /* wd_last_u in seconds */
71 
72 SYSCTL_NODE(_hw, OID_AUTO, watchdog, CTLFLAG_RD, 0, "Main watchdog device");
73 SYSCTL_UINT(_hw_watchdog, OID_AUTO, wd_last_u, CTLFLAG_RD,
74     &wd_last_u_sysctl, 0, "Watchdog last update time");
75 SYSCTL_UINT(_hw_watchdog, OID_AUTO, wd_last_u_secs, CTLFLAG_RD,
76     &wd_last_u_sysctl_secs, 0, "Watchdog last update time");
77 
78 static int wd_lastpat_valid = 0;
79 static time_t wd_lastpat = 0;	/* when the watchdog was last patted */
80 
81 /* Hook for external software watchdog to register for use if needed */
82 void (*wdog_software_attach)(void);
83 
84 static void
85 pow2ns_to_ts(int pow2ns, struct timespec *ts)
86 {
87 	uint64_t ns;
88 
89 	ns = 1ULL << pow2ns;
90 	ts->tv_sec = ns / 1000000000ULL;
91 	ts->tv_nsec = ns % 1000000000ULL;
92 }
93 
94 static int
95 pow2ns_to_ticks(int pow2ns)
96 {
97 	struct timeval tv;
98 	struct timespec ts;
99 
100 	pow2ns_to_ts(pow2ns, &ts);
101 	TIMESPEC_TO_TIMEVAL(&tv, &ts);
102 	return (tvtohz(&tv));
103 }
104 
105 static int
106 seconds_to_pow2ns(int seconds)
107 {
108 	uint64_t power;
109 	uint64_t ns;
110 	uint64_t shifted;
111 
112 	ns = ((uint64_t)seconds) * 1000000000ULL;
113 	power = flsll(ns);
114 	shifted = 1ULL << power;
115 	if (shifted <= ns) {
116 		power++;
117 	}
118 	return (power);
119 }
120 
121 
122 int
123 wdog_kern_pat(u_int utim)
124 {
125 	int error;
126 	static int first = 1;
127 
128 	if ((utim & WD_LASTVAL) != 0 && (utim & WD_INTERVAL) > 0)
129 		return (EINVAL);
130 
131 	if ((utim & WD_LASTVAL) != 0) {
132 		/*
133 		 * if WD_LASTVAL is set, fill in the bits for timeout
134 		 * from the saved value in wd_last_u.
135 		 */
136 		MPASS((wd_last_u & ~WD_INTERVAL) == 0);
137 		utim &= ~WD_LASTVAL;
138 		utim |= wd_last_u;
139 	} else {
140 		/*
141 		 * Otherwise save the new interval.
142 		 * This can be zero (to disable the watchdog)
143 		 */
144 		wd_last_u = (utim & WD_INTERVAL);
145 		wd_last_u_sysctl = wd_last_u;
146 		wd_last_u_sysctl_secs = pow2ns_to_ticks(wd_last_u) / hz;
147 	}
148 	if ((utim & WD_INTERVAL) == WD_TO_NEVER) {
149 		utim = 0;
150 
151 		/* Assume all is well; watchdog signals failure. */
152 		error = 0;
153 	} else {
154 		/* Assume no watchdog available; watchdog flags success */
155 		error = EOPNOTSUPP;
156 	}
157 	if (wd_softtimer) {
158 		if (utim == 0) {
159 			callout_stop(&wd_softtimeo_handle);
160 		} else {
161 			(void) callout_reset(&wd_softtimeo_handle,
162 			    pow2ns_to_ticks(utim), wd_timeout_cb, "soft");
163 		}
164 		error = 0;
165 	} else {
166 		EVENTHANDLER_INVOKE(watchdog_list, utim, &error);
167 	}
168 	/*
169 	 * If we no hardware watchdog responded, we have not tried to
170 	 * attach an external software watchdog, and one is available,
171 	 * attach it now and retry.
172 	 */
173 	if (error == EOPNOTSUPP && first && *wdog_software_attach != NULL) {
174 		(*wdog_software_attach)();
175 		EVENTHANDLER_INVOKE(watchdog_list, utim, &error);
176 	}
177 	first = 0;
178 
179 	wd_set_pretimeout(wd_pretimeout, true);
180 	/*
181 	 * If we were able to arm/strobe the watchdog, then
182 	 * update the last time it was strobed for WDIOC_GETTIMELEFT
183 	 */
184 	if (!error) {
185 		struct timespec ts;
186 
187 		error = kern_clock_gettime(curthread /* XXX */,
188 		    CLOCK_MONOTONIC_FAST, &ts);
189 		if (!error) {
190 			wd_lastpat = ts.tv_sec;
191 			wd_lastpat_valid = 1;
192 		}
193 	}
194 	return (error);
195 }
196 
197 static int
198 wd_valid_act(int act)
199 {
200 
201 	if ((act & ~(WD_SOFT_MASK)) != 0)
202 		return false;
203 	return true;
204 }
205 
206 static int
207 wd_ioctl_patpat(caddr_t data)
208 {
209 	u_int u;
210 
211 	u = *(u_int *)data;
212 	if (u & ~(WD_ACTIVE | WD_PASSIVE | WD_LASTVAL | WD_INTERVAL))
213 		return (EINVAL);
214 	if ((u & (WD_ACTIVE | WD_PASSIVE)) == (WD_ACTIVE | WD_PASSIVE))
215 		return (EINVAL);
216 	if ((u & (WD_ACTIVE | WD_PASSIVE)) == 0 && ((u & WD_INTERVAL) > 0 ||
217 	    (u & WD_LASTVAL) != 0))
218 		return (EINVAL);
219 	if (u & WD_PASSIVE)
220 		return (ENOSYS);	/* XXX Not implemented yet */
221 	u &= ~(WD_ACTIVE | WD_PASSIVE);
222 
223 	return (wdog_kern_pat(u));
224 }
225 
226 static int
227 wd_get_time_left(struct thread *td, time_t *remainp)
228 {
229 	struct timespec ts;
230 	int error;
231 
232 	error = kern_clock_gettime(td, CLOCK_MONOTONIC_FAST, &ts);
233 	if (error)
234 		return (error);
235 	if (!wd_lastpat_valid)
236 		return (ENOENT);
237 	*remainp = ts.tv_sec - wd_lastpat;
238 	return (0);
239 }
240 
241 static void
242 wd_timeout_cb(void *arg)
243 {
244 	const char *type = arg;
245 
246 #ifdef DDB
247 	if ((wd_pretimeout_act & WD_SOFT_DDB)) {
248 		char kdb_why[80];
249 		snprintf(kdb_why, sizeof(kdb_why), "watchdog %s-timeout", type);
250 		kdb_backtrace();
251 		kdb_enter(KDB_WHY_WATCHDOG, kdb_why);
252 	}
253 #endif
254 	if ((wd_pretimeout_act & WD_SOFT_LOG))
255 		log(LOG_EMERG, "watchdog %s-timeout, WD_SOFT_LOG\n", type);
256 	if ((wd_pretimeout_act & WD_SOFT_PRINTF))
257 		printf("watchdog %s-timeout, WD_SOFT_PRINTF\n", type);
258 	if ((wd_pretimeout_act & WD_SOFT_PANIC))
259 		panic("watchdog %s-timeout, WD_SOFT_PANIC set", type);
260 }
261 
262 /*
263  * Called to manage timeouts.
264  * newtimeout needs to be in the range of 0 to actual watchdog timeout.
265  * if 0, we disable the pre-timeout.
266  * otherwise we set the pre-timeout provided it's not greater than the
267  * current actual watchdog timeout.
268  */
269 static int
270 wd_set_pretimeout(int newtimeout, int disableiftoolong)
271 {
272 	u_int utime;
273 	struct timespec utime_ts;
274 	int timeout_ticks;
275 
276 	utime = wdog_kern_last_timeout();
277 	pow2ns_to_ts(utime, &utime_ts);
278 	/* do not permit a pre-timeout >= than the timeout. */
279 	if (newtimeout >= utime_ts.tv_sec) {
280 		/*
281 		 * If 'disableiftoolong' then just fall through
282 		 * so as to disable the pre-watchdog
283 		 */
284 		if (disableiftoolong)
285 			newtimeout = 0;
286 		else
287 			return EINVAL;
288 	}
289 
290 	/* disable the pre-timeout */
291 	if (newtimeout == 0) {
292 		wd_pretimeout = 0;
293 		callout_stop(&wd_pretimeo_handle);
294 		return 0;
295 	}
296 
297 	timeout_ticks = pow2ns_to_ticks(utime) - (hz*newtimeout);
298 #if 0
299 	printf("wd_set_pretimeout: "
300 	    "newtimeout: %d, "
301 	    "utime: %d -> utime_ticks: %d, "
302 	    "hz*newtimeout: %d, "
303 	    "timeout_ticks: %d -> sec: %d\n",
304 	    newtimeout,
305 	    utime, pow2ns_to_ticks(utime),
306 	    hz*newtimeout,
307 	    timeout_ticks, timeout_ticks / hz);
308 #endif
309 
310 	/* We determined the value is sane, so reset the callout */
311 	(void) callout_reset(&wd_pretimeo_handle,
312 	    timeout_ticks, wd_timeout_cb, "pre");
313 	wd_pretimeout = newtimeout;
314 	return 0;
315 }
316 
317 static int
318 wd_ioctl(struct cdev *dev __unused, u_long cmd, caddr_t data,
319     int flags __unused, struct thread *td)
320 {
321 	u_int u;
322 	time_t timeleft;
323 	int error;
324 
325 	error = 0;
326 
327 	switch (cmd) {
328 	case WDIOC_SETSOFT:
329 		u = *(int *)data;
330 		/* do nothing? */
331 		if (u == wd_softtimer)
332 			break;
333 		/* If there is a pending timeout disallow this ioctl */
334 		if (wd_last_u != 0) {
335 			error = EINVAL;
336 			break;
337 		}
338 		wd_softtimer = u;
339 		break;
340 	case WDIOC_SETSOFTTIMEOUTACT:
341 		u = *(int *)data;
342 		if (wd_valid_act(u)) {
343 			wd_softtimeout_act = u;
344 		} else {
345 			error = EINVAL;
346 		}
347 		break;
348 	case WDIOC_SETPRETIMEOUTACT:
349 		u = *(int *)data;
350 		if (wd_valid_act(u)) {
351 			wd_pretimeout_act = u;
352 		} else {
353 			error = EINVAL;
354 		}
355 		break;
356 	case WDIOC_GETPRETIMEOUT:
357 		*(int *)data = (int)wd_pretimeout;
358 		break;
359 	case WDIOC_SETPRETIMEOUT:
360 		error = wd_set_pretimeout(*(int *)data, false);
361 		break;
362 	case WDIOC_GETTIMELEFT:
363 		error = wd_get_time_left(td, &timeleft);
364 		if (error)
365 			break;
366 		*(int *)data = (int)timeleft;
367 		break;
368 	case WDIOC_SETTIMEOUT:
369 		u = *(u_int *)data;
370 		error = wdog_kern_pat(seconds_to_pow2ns(u));
371 		break;
372 	case WDIOC_GETTIMEOUT:
373 		u = wdog_kern_last_timeout();
374 		*(u_int *)data = u;
375 		break;
376 	case WDIOCPATPAT:
377 		error = wd_ioctl_patpat(data);
378 		break;
379 	default:
380 		error = ENOIOCTL;
381 		break;
382 	}
383 	return (error);
384 }
385 
386 /*
387  * Return the last timeout set, this is NOT the seconds from NOW until timeout,
388  * rather it is the amount of seconds passed to WDIOCPATPAT/WDIOC_SETTIMEOUT.
389  */
390 u_int
391 wdog_kern_last_timeout(void)
392 {
393 
394 	return (wd_last_u);
395 }
396 
397 static struct cdevsw wd_cdevsw = {
398 	.d_version =	D_VERSION,
399 	.d_ioctl =	wd_ioctl,
400 	.d_name =	"watchdog",
401 };
402 
403 static int
404 watchdog_modevent(module_t mod __unused, int type, void *data __unused)
405 {
406 	switch(type) {
407 	case MOD_LOAD:
408 		callout_init(&wd_pretimeo_handle, 1);
409 		callout_init(&wd_softtimeo_handle, 1);
410 		wd_dev = make_dev(&wd_cdevsw, 0,
411 		    UID_ROOT, GID_WHEEL, 0600, _PATH_WATCHDOG);
412 		return 0;
413 	case MOD_UNLOAD:
414 		callout_stop(&wd_pretimeo_handle);
415 		callout_stop(&wd_softtimeo_handle);
416 		callout_drain(&wd_pretimeo_handle);
417 		callout_drain(&wd_softtimeo_handle);
418 		destroy_dev(wd_dev);
419 		return 0;
420 	case MOD_SHUTDOWN:
421 		return 0;
422 	default:
423 		return EOPNOTSUPP;
424 	}
425 }
426 
427 DEV_MODULE(watchdog, watchdog_modevent, NULL);
428