xref: /freebsd/sys/i386/i386/mp_machdep.c (revision b0b1dbdd)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1996, by Steve Passe
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. The name of the developer may NOT be used to endorse or promote products
11  *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
12  *
13  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
14  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
15  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
16  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
17  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
18  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
19  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
20  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
21  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
22  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
23  * SUCH DAMAGE.
24  */
25 
26 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
27 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
28 
29 #include "opt_apic.h"
30 #include "opt_cpu.h"
31 #include "opt_kstack_pages.h"
32 #include "opt_pmap.h"
33 #include "opt_sched.h"
34 #include "opt_smp.h"
35 
36 #if !defined(lint)
37 #if !defined(SMP)
38 #error How did you get here?
39 #endif
40 
41 #ifndef DEV_APIC
42 #error The apic device is required for SMP, add "device apic" to your config file.
43 #endif
44 #endif /* not lint */
45 
46 #include <sys/param.h>
47 #include <sys/systm.h>
48 #include <sys/bus.h>
49 #include <sys/cons.h>	/* cngetc() */
50 #include <sys/cpuset.h>
51 #ifdef GPROF
52 #include <sys/gmon.h>
53 #endif
54 #include <sys/kernel.h>
55 #include <sys/ktr.h>
56 #include <sys/lock.h>
57 #include <sys/malloc.h>
58 #include <sys/memrange.h>
59 #include <sys/mutex.h>
60 #include <sys/pcpu.h>
61 #include <sys/proc.h>
62 #include <sys/sched.h>
63 #include <sys/smp.h>
64 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
65 
66 #include <vm/vm.h>
67 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
68 #include <vm/pmap.h>
69 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
70 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
71 
72 #include <x86/apicreg.h>
73 #include <machine/clock.h>
74 #include <machine/cputypes.h>
75 #include <x86/mca.h>
76 #include <machine/md_var.h>
77 #include <machine/pcb.h>
78 #include <machine/psl.h>
79 #include <machine/smp.h>
80 #include <machine/specialreg.h>
81 #include <machine/cpu.h>
82 
83 #define WARMBOOT_TARGET		0
84 #define WARMBOOT_OFF		(KERNBASE + 0x0467)
85 #define WARMBOOT_SEG		(KERNBASE + 0x0469)
86 
87 #define CMOS_REG		(0x70)
88 #define CMOS_DATA		(0x71)
89 #define BIOS_RESET		(0x0f)
90 #define BIOS_WARM		(0x0a)
91 
92 /*
93  * this code MUST be enabled here and in mpboot.s.
94  * it follows the very early stages of AP boot by placing values in CMOS ram.
95  * it NORMALLY will never be needed and thus the primitive method for enabling.
96  *
97 #define CHECK_POINTS
98  */
99 
100 #if defined(CHECK_POINTS)
101 #define CHECK_READ(A)	 (outb(CMOS_REG, (A)), inb(CMOS_DATA))
102 #define CHECK_WRITE(A,D) (outb(CMOS_REG, (A)), outb(CMOS_DATA, (D)))
103 
104 #define CHECK_INIT(D);				\
105 	CHECK_WRITE(0x34, (D));			\
106 	CHECK_WRITE(0x35, (D));			\
107 	CHECK_WRITE(0x36, (D));			\
108 	CHECK_WRITE(0x37, (D));			\
109 	CHECK_WRITE(0x38, (D));			\
110 	CHECK_WRITE(0x39, (D));
111 
112 #define CHECK_PRINT(S);				\
113 	printf("%s: %d, %d, %d, %d, %d, %d\n",	\
114 	   (S),					\
115 	   CHECK_READ(0x34),			\
116 	   CHECK_READ(0x35),			\
117 	   CHECK_READ(0x36),			\
118 	   CHECK_READ(0x37),			\
119 	   CHECK_READ(0x38),			\
120 	   CHECK_READ(0x39));
121 
122 #else				/* CHECK_POINTS */
123 
124 #define CHECK_INIT(D)
125 #define CHECK_PRINT(S)
126 #define CHECK_WRITE(A, D)
127 
128 #endif				/* CHECK_POINTS */
129 
130 extern	struct pcpu __pcpu[];
131 
132 /*
133  * Local data and functions.
134  */
135 
136 static void	install_ap_tramp(void);
137 static int	start_all_aps(void);
138 static int	start_ap(int apic_id);
139 
140 static u_int	boot_address;
141 
142 /*
143  * Calculate usable address in base memory for AP trampoline code.
144  */
145 u_int
146 mp_bootaddress(u_int basemem)
147 {
148 
149 	boot_address = trunc_page(basemem);	/* round down to 4k boundary */
150 	if ((basemem - boot_address) < bootMP_size)
151 		boot_address -= PAGE_SIZE;	/* not enough, lower by 4k */
152 
153 	return boot_address;
154 }
155 
156 /*
157  * Initialize the IPI handlers and start up the AP's.
158  */
159 void
160 cpu_mp_start(void)
161 {
162 	int i;
163 
164 	/* Initialize the logical ID to APIC ID table. */
165 	for (i = 0; i < MAXCPU; i++) {
166 		cpu_apic_ids[i] = -1;
167 		cpu_ipi_pending[i] = 0;
168 	}
169 
170 	/* Install an inter-CPU IPI for TLB invalidation */
171 	setidt(IPI_INVLTLB, IDTVEC(invltlb),
172 	       SDT_SYS386IGT, SEL_KPL, GSEL(GCODE_SEL, SEL_KPL));
173 	setidt(IPI_INVLPG, IDTVEC(invlpg),
174 	       SDT_SYS386IGT, SEL_KPL, GSEL(GCODE_SEL, SEL_KPL));
175 	setidt(IPI_INVLRNG, IDTVEC(invlrng),
176 	       SDT_SYS386IGT, SEL_KPL, GSEL(GCODE_SEL, SEL_KPL));
177 
178 	/* Install an inter-CPU IPI for cache invalidation. */
179 	setidt(IPI_INVLCACHE, IDTVEC(invlcache),
180 	       SDT_SYS386IGT, SEL_KPL, GSEL(GCODE_SEL, SEL_KPL));
181 
182 	/* Install an inter-CPU IPI for all-CPU rendezvous */
183 	setidt(IPI_RENDEZVOUS, IDTVEC(rendezvous),
184 	       SDT_SYS386IGT, SEL_KPL, GSEL(GCODE_SEL, SEL_KPL));
185 
186 	/* Install generic inter-CPU IPI handler */
187 	setidt(IPI_BITMAP_VECTOR, IDTVEC(ipi_intr_bitmap_handler),
188 	       SDT_SYS386IGT, SEL_KPL, GSEL(GCODE_SEL, SEL_KPL));
189 
190 	/* Install an inter-CPU IPI for CPU stop/restart */
191 	setidt(IPI_STOP, IDTVEC(cpustop),
192 	       SDT_SYS386IGT, SEL_KPL, GSEL(GCODE_SEL, SEL_KPL));
193 
194 	/* Install an inter-CPU IPI for CPU suspend/resume */
195 	setidt(IPI_SUSPEND, IDTVEC(cpususpend),
196 	       SDT_SYS386IGT, SEL_KPL, GSEL(GCODE_SEL, SEL_KPL));
197 
198 	/* Set boot_cpu_id if needed. */
199 	if (boot_cpu_id == -1) {
200 		boot_cpu_id = PCPU_GET(apic_id);
201 		cpu_info[boot_cpu_id].cpu_bsp = 1;
202 	} else
203 		KASSERT(boot_cpu_id == PCPU_GET(apic_id),
204 		    ("BSP's APIC ID doesn't match boot_cpu_id"));
205 
206 	/* Probe logical/physical core configuration. */
207 	topo_probe();
208 
209 	assign_cpu_ids();
210 
211 	/* Start each Application Processor */
212 	start_all_aps();
213 
214 	set_interrupt_apic_ids();
215 }
216 
217 /*
218  * AP CPU's call this to initialize themselves.
219  */
220 void
221 init_secondary(void)
222 {
223 	struct pcpu *pc;
224 	vm_offset_t addr;
225 	int	gsel_tss;
226 	int	x, myid;
227 	u_int	cr0;
228 
229 	/* bootAP is set in start_ap() to our ID. */
230 	myid = bootAP;
231 
232 	/* Get per-cpu data */
233 	pc = &__pcpu[myid];
234 
235 	/* prime data page for it to use */
236 	pcpu_init(pc, myid, sizeof(struct pcpu));
237 	dpcpu_init(dpcpu, myid);
238 	pc->pc_apic_id = cpu_apic_ids[myid];
239 	pc->pc_prvspace = pc;
240 	pc->pc_curthread = 0;
241 
242 	fix_cpuid();
243 
244 	gdt_segs[GPRIV_SEL].ssd_base = (int) pc;
245 	gdt_segs[GPROC0_SEL].ssd_base = (int) &pc->pc_common_tss;
246 
247 	for (x = 0; x < NGDT; x++) {
248 		ssdtosd(&gdt_segs[x], &gdt[myid * NGDT + x].sd);
249 	}
250 
251 	r_gdt.rd_limit = NGDT * sizeof(gdt[0]) - 1;
252 	r_gdt.rd_base = (int) &gdt[myid * NGDT];
253 	lgdt(&r_gdt);			/* does magic intra-segment return */
254 
255 	lidt(&r_idt);
256 
257 	lldt(_default_ldt);
258 	PCPU_SET(currentldt, _default_ldt);
259 
260 	gsel_tss = GSEL(GPROC0_SEL, SEL_KPL);
261 	gdt[myid * NGDT + GPROC0_SEL].sd.sd_type = SDT_SYS386TSS;
262 	PCPU_SET(common_tss.tss_esp0, 0); /* not used until after switch */
263 	PCPU_SET(common_tss.tss_ss0, GSEL(GDATA_SEL, SEL_KPL));
264 	PCPU_SET(common_tss.tss_ioopt, (sizeof (struct i386tss)) << 16);
265 	PCPU_SET(tss_gdt, &gdt[myid * NGDT + GPROC0_SEL].sd);
266 	PCPU_SET(common_tssd, *PCPU_GET(tss_gdt));
267 	ltr(gsel_tss);
268 
269 	PCPU_SET(fsgs_gdt, &gdt[myid * NGDT + GUFS_SEL].sd);
270 
271 	/*
272 	 * Set to a known state:
273 	 * Set by mpboot.s: CR0_PG, CR0_PE
274 	 * Set by cpu_setregs: CR0_NE, CR0_MP, CR0_TS, CR0_WP, CR0_AM
275 	 */
276 	cr0 = rcr0();
277 	cr0 &= ~(CR0_CD | CR0_NW | CR0_EM);
278 	load_cr0(cr0);
279 	CHECK_WRITE(0x38, 5);
280 
281 	/* signal our startup to the BSP. */
282 	mp_naps++;
283 	CHECK_WRITE(0x39, 6);
284 
285 	/* Spin until the BSP releases the AP's. */
286 	while (atomic_load_acq_int(&aps_ready) == 0)
287 		ia32_pause();
288 
289 	/* BSP may have changed PTD while we were waiting */
290 	invltlb();
291 	for (addr = 0; addr < NKPT * NBPDR - 1; addr += PAGE_SIZE)
292 		invlpg(addr);
293 
294 #if defined(I586_CPU) && !defined(NO_F00F_HACK)
295 	lidt(&r_idt);
296 #endif
297 
298 	init_secondary_tail();
299 }
300 
301 /*
302  * start each AP in our list
303  */
304 /* Lowest 1MB is already mapped: don't touch*/
305 #define TMPMAP_START 1
306 static int
307 start_all_aps(void)
308 {
309 	u_char mpbiosreason;
310 	u_int32_t mpbioswarmvec;
311 	int apic_id, cpu, i;
312 
313 	mtx_init(&ap_boot_mtx, "ap boot", NULL, MTX_SPIN);
314 
315 	/* install the AP 1st level boot code */
316 	install_ap_tramp();
317 
318 	/* save the current value of the warm-start vector */
319 	mpbioswarmvec = *((u_int32_t *) WARMBOOT_OFF);
320 	outb(CMOS_REG, BIOS_RESET);
321 	mpbiosreason = inb(CMOS_DATA);
322 
323 	/* set up temporary P==V mapping for AP boot */
324 	/* XXX this is a hack, we should boot the AP on its own stack/PTD */
325 	for (i = TMPMAP_START; i < NKPT; i++)
326 		PTD[i] = PTD[KPTDI + i];
327 	invltlb();
328 
329 	/* start each AP */
330 	for (cpu = 1; cpu < mp_ncpus; cpu++) {
331 		apic_id = cpu_apic_ids[cpu];
332 
333 		/* allocate and set up a boot stack data page */
334 		bootstacks[cpu] =
335 		    (char *)kmem_malloc(kernel_arena, kstack_pages * PAGE_SIZE,
336 		    M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
337 		dpcpu = (void *)kmem_malloc(kernel_arena, DPCPU_SIZE,
338 		    M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
339 		/* setup a vector to our boot code */
340 		*((volatile u_short *) WARMBOOT_OFF) = WARMBOOT_TARGET;
341 		*((volatile u_short *) WARMBOOT_SEG) = (boot_address >> 4);
342 		outb(CMOS_REG, BIOS_RESET);
343 		outb(CMOS_DATA, BIOS_WARM);	/* 'warm-start' */
344 
345 		bootSTK = (char *)bootstacks[cpu] + kstack_pages *
346 		    PAGE_SIZE - 4;
347 		bootAP = cpu;
348 
349 		/* attempt to start the Application Processor */
350 		CHECK_INIT(99);	/* setup checkpoints */
351 		if (!start_ap(apic_id)) {
352 			printf("AP #%d (PHY# %d) failed!\n", cpu, apic_id);
353 			CHECK_PRINT("trace");	/* show checkpoints */
354 			/* better panic as the AP may be running loose */
355 			printf("panic y/n? [y] ");
356 			if (cngetc() != 'n')
357 				panic("bye-bye");
358 		}
359 		CHECK_PRINT("trace");		/* show checkpoints */
360 
361 		CPU_SET(cpu, &all_cpus);	/* record AP in CPU map */
362 	}
363 
364 	/* restore the warmstart vector */
365 	*(u_int32_t *) WARMBOOT_OFF = mpbioswarmvec;
366 
367 	outb(CMOS_REG, BIOS_RESET);
368 	outb(CMOS_DATA, mpbiosreason);
369 
370 	/* Undo V==P hack from above */
371 	for (i = TMPMAP_START; i < NKPT; i++)
372 		PTD[i] = 0;
373 	pmap_invalidate_range(kernel_pmap, 0, NKPT * NBPDR - 1);
374 
375 	/* number of APs actually started */
376 	return mp_naps;
377 }
378 
379 /*
380  * load the 1st level AP boot code into base memory.
381  */
382 
383 /* targets for relocation */
384 extern void bigJump(void);
385 extern void bootCodeSeg(void);
386 extern void bootDataSeg(void);
387 extern void MPentry(void);
388 extern u_int MP_GDT;
389 extern u_int mp_gdtbase;
390 
391 static void
392 install_ap_tramp(void)
393 {
394 	int     x;
395 	int     size = *(int *) ((u_long) & bootMP_size);
396 	vm_offset_t va = boot_address + KERNBASE;
397 	u_char *src = (u_char *) ((u_long) bootMP);
398 	u_char *dst = (u_char *) va;
399 	u_int   boot_base = (u_int) bootMP;
400 	u_int8_t *dst8;
401 	u_int16_t *dst16;
402 	u_int32_t *dst32;
403 
404 	KASSERT (size <= PAGE_SIZE,
405 	    ("'size' do not fit into PAGE_SIZE, as expected."));
406 	pmap_kenter(va, boot_address);
407 	pmap_invalidate_page (kernel_pmap, va);
408 	for (x = 0; x < size; ++x)
409 		*dst++ = *src++;
410 
411 	/*
412 	 * modify addresses in code we just moved to basemem. unfortunately we
413 	 * need fairly detailed info about mpboot.s for this to work.  changes
414 	 * to mpboot.s might require changes here.
415 	 */
416 
417 	/* boot code is located in KERNEL space */
418 	dst = (u_char *) va;
419 
420 	/* modify the lgdt arg */
421 	dst32 = (u_int32_t *) (dst + ((u_int) & mp_gdtbase - boot_base));
422 	*dst32 = boot_address + ((u_int) & MP_GDT - boot_base);
423 
424 	/* modify the ljmp target for MPentry() */
425 	dst32 = (u_int32_t *) (dst + ((u_int) bigJump - boot_base) + 1);
426 	*dst32 = ((u_int) MPentry - KERNBASE);
427 
428 	/* modify the target for boot code segment */
429 	dst16 = (u_int16_t *) (dst + ((u_int) bootCodeSeg - boot_base));
430 	dst8 = (u_int8_t *) (dst16 + 1);
431 	*dst16 = (u_int) boot_address & 0xffff;
432 	*dst8 = ((u_int) boot_address >> 16) & 0xff;
433 
434 	/* modify the target for boot data segment */
435 	dst16 = (u_int16_t *) (dst + ((u_int) bootDataSeg - boot_base));
436 	dst8 = (u_int8_t *) (dst16 + 1);
437 	*dst16 = (u_int) boot_address & 0xffff;
438 	*dst8 = ((u_int) boot_address >> 16) & 0xff;
439 }
440 
441 /*
442  * This function starts the AP (application processor) identified
443  * by the APIC ID 'physicalCpu'.  It does quite a "song and dance"
444  * to accomplish this.  This is necessary because of the nuances
445  * of the different hardware we might encounter.  It isn't pretty,
446  * but it seems to work.
447  */
448 static int
449 start_ap(int apic_id)
450 {
451 	int vector, ms;
452 	int cpus;
453 
454 	/* calculate the vector */
455 	vector = (boot_address >> 12) & 0xff;
456 
457 	/* used as a watchpoint to signal AP startup */
458 	cpus = mp_naps;
459 
460 	ipi_startup(apic_id, vector);
461 
462 	/* Wait up to 5 seconds for it to start. */
463 	for (ms = 0; ms < 5000; ms++) {
464 		if (mp_naps > cpus)
465 			return 1;	/* return SUCCESS */
466 		DELAY(1000);
467 	}
468 	return 0;		/* return FAILURE */
469 }
470