xref: /freebsd/sys/i386/i386/trap.c (revision 61e21613)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-4-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (C) 1994, David Greenman
5  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
6  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
7  *
8  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
9  * the University of Utah, and William Jolitz.
10  *
11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13  * are met:
14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
20  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
21  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
22  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
23  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
24  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
25  *    without specific prior written permission.
26  *
27  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
28  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
29  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
30  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
31  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
32  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
33  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
34  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
35  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
36  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
37  * SUCH DAMAGE.
38  */
39 
40 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
41 /*
42  * 386 Trap and System call handling
43  */
44 
45 #include "opt_clock.h"
46 #include "opt_cpu.h"
47 #include "opt_hwpmc_hooks.h"
48 #include "opt_isa.h"
49 #include "opt_kdb.h"
50 #include "opt_trap.h"
51 
52 #include <sys/param.h>
53 #include <sys/bus.h>
54 #include <sys/systm.h>
55 #include <sys/proc.h>
56 #include <sys/ptrace.h>
57 #include <sys/kdb.h>
58 #include <sys/kernel.h>
59 #include <sys/ktr.h>
60 #include <sys/lock.h>
61 #include <sys/mutex.h>
62 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
63 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
64 #include <sys/syscall.h>
65 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
66 #include <sys/sysent.h>
67 #include <sys/uio.h>
68 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
69 #ifdef HWPMC_HOOKS
70 #include <sys/pmckern.h>
71 PMC_SOFT_DEFINE( , , page_fault, all);
72 PMC_SOFT_DEFINE( , , page_fault, read);
73 PMC_SOFT_DEFINE( , , page_fault, write);
74 #endif
75 #include <security/audit/audit.h>
76 
77 #include <vm/vm.h>
78 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
79 #include <vm/pmap.h>
80 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
81 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
82 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
83 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
84 
85 #include <machine/cpu.h>
86 #include <machine/intr_machdep.h>
87 #include <x86/mca.h>
88 #include <machine/md_var.h>
89 #include <machine/pcb.h>
90 #ifdef SMP
91 #include <machine/smp.h>
92 #endif
93 #include <machine/stack.h>
94 #include <machine/trap.h>
95 #include <machine/tss.h>
96 #include <machine/vm86.h>
97 
98 #ifdef POWERFAIL_NMI
99 #include <sys/syslog.h>
100 #include <machine/clock.h>
101 #endif
102 
103 #ifdef KDTRACE_HOOKS
104 #include <sys/dtrace_bsd.h>
105 #endif
106 
107 void trap(struct trapframe *frame);
108 void syscall(struct trapframe *frame);
109 
110 static int trap_pfault(struct trapframe *, bool, vm_offset_t, int *, int *);
111 static void trap_fatal(struct trapframe *, vm_offset_t);
112 #ifdef KDTRACE_HOOKS
113 static bool trap_user_dtrace(struct trapframe *,
114     int (**hook)(struct trapframe *));
115 #endif
116 void dblfault_handler(void);
117 
118 extern inthand_t IDTVEC(bpt), IDTVEC(dbg), IDTVEC(int0x80_syscall);
119 extern uint64_t pg_nx;
120 
121 struct trap_data {
122 	bool		ei;
123 	const char	*msg;
124 };
125 
126 static const struct trap_data trap_data[] = {
127 	[T_PRIVINFLT] =	{ .ei = true,	.msg = "privileged instruction fault" },
128 	[T_BPTFLT] =	{ .ei = false,	.msg = "breakpoint instruction fault" },
129 	[T_ARITHTRAP] =	{ .ei = true,	.msg = "arithmetic trap" },
130 	[T_PROTFLT] =	{ .ei = true,	.msg = "general protection fault" },
131 	[T_TRCTRAP] =	{ .ei = false,	.msg = "debug exception" },
132 	[T_PAGEFLT] =	{ .ei = true,	.msg = "page fault" },
133 	[T_ALIGNFLT] = 	{ .ei = true,	.msg = "alignment fault" },
134 	[T_DIVIDE] =	{ .ei = true,	.msg = "integer divide fault" },
135 	[T_NMI] =	{ .ei = false,	.msg = "non-maskable interrupt trap" },
136 	[T_OFLOW] =	{ .ei = true,	.msg = "overflow trap" },
137 	[T_BOUND] =	{ .ei = true,	.msg = "FPU bounds check fault" },
138 	[T_DNA] =	{ .ei = true,	.msg = "FPU device not available" },
139 	[T_DOUBLEFLT] =	{ .ei = false,	.msg = "double fault" },
140 	[T_FPOPFLT] =	{ .ei = true,	.msg = "FPU operand fetch fault" },
141 	[T_TSSFLT] =	{ .ei = true,	.msg = "invalid TSS fault" },
142 	[T_SEGNPFLT] =	{ .ei = true,	.msg = "segment not present fault" },
143 	[T_STKFLT] =	{ .ei = true,	.msg = "stack fault" },
144 	[T_MCHK] =	{ .ei = true,	.msg = "machine check trap" },
145 	[T_XMMFLT] =	{ .ei = true,	.msg = "SIMD floating-point exception" },
146 	[T_DTRACE_RET] ={ .ei = true,	.msg = "DTrace pid return trap" },
147 };
148 
149 static bool
150 trap_enable_intr(int trapno)
151 {
152 
153 	MPASS(trapno > 0);
154 	if (trapno < nitems(trap_data) && trap_data[trapno].msg != NULL)
155 		return (trap_data[trapno].ei);
156 	return (false);
157 }
158 
159 static const char *
160 trap_msg(int trapno)
161 {
162 	const char *res;
163 	static const char unkn[] = "UNKNOWN";
164 
165 	res = NULL;
166 	if (trapno < nitems(trap_data))
167 		res = trap_data[trapno].msg;
168 	if (res == NULL)
169 		res = unkn;
170 	return (res);
171 }
172 
173 #if defined(I586_CPU) && !defined(NO_F00F_HACK)
174 int has_f00f_bug = 0;		/* Initialized so that it can be patched. */
175 #endif
176 
177 static int uprintf_signal;
178 SYSCTL_INT(_machdep, OID_AUTO, uprintf_signal, CTLFLAG_RW,
179     &uprintf_signal, 0,
180     "Print debugging information on trap signal to ctty");
181 
182 
183 #ifdef INVARIANTS
184 static __inline register_t
185 read_esp(void)
186 {
187 	register_t res;
188 
189 	__asm __volatile("movl\t%%esp,%0" : "=r" (res));
190 	return (res);
191 }
192 
193 void
194 trap_check_kstack(void)
195 {
196 	struct thread *td;
197 	vm_offset_t stk;
198 
199 	td = curthread;
200 	stk = read_esp();
201 	if (stk >= PMAP_TRM_MIN_ADDRESS)
202 		panic("td %p stack %#x in trampoline", td, stk);
203 	if (!kstack_contains(td, stk, 0))
204 		panic("td %p stack %#x not in kstack VA %#x %d",
205 		    td, stk, td->td_kstack, td->td_kstack_pages);
206 }
207 #endif
208 
209 /*
210  * Exception, fault, and trap interface to the FreeBSD kernel.
211  * This common code is called from assembly language IDT gate entry
212  * routines that prepare a suitable stack frame, and restore this
213  * frame after the exception has been processed.
214  */
215 
216 void
217 trap(struct trapframe *frame)
218 {
219 	ksiginfo_t ksi;
220 	struct thread *td;
221 	struct proc *p;
222 	int pf, signo, ucode;
223 	u_int type;
224 	register_t addr, dr6;
225 	vm_offset_t eva;
226 #ifdef POWERFAIL_NMI
227 	static int lastalert = 0;
228 #endif
229 
230 	td = curthread;
231 	p = td->td_proc;
232 	dr6 = 0;
233 
234 	VM_CNT_INC(v_trap);
235 	type = frame->tf_trapno;
236 
237 	KASSERT((read_eflags() & PSL_I) == 0,
238 	    ("trap: interrupts enabled, type %d frame %p", type, frame));
239 
240 #ifdef SMP
241 	/* Handler for NMI IPIs used for stopping CPUs. */
242 	if (type == T_NMI && ipi_nmi_handler() == 0)
243 		return;
244 #endif /* SMP */
245 
246 #ifdef KDB
247 	if (kdb_active) {
248 		kdb_reenter();
249 		return;
250 	}
251 #endif
252 	trap_check_kstack();
253 
254 	if (type == T_RESERVED) {
255 		trap_fatal(frame, 0);
256 		return;
257 	}
258 
259 	if (type == T_NMI) {
260 #ifdef HWPMC_HOOKS
261 		/*
262 		 * CPU PMCs interrupt using an NMI so we check for that first.
263 		 * If the HWPMC module is active, 'pmc_hook' will point to
264 		 * the function to be called.  A non-zero return value from the
265 		 * hook means that the NMI was consumed by it and that we can
266 		 * return immediately.
267 		 */
268 		if (pmc_intr != NULL &&
269 		    (*pmc_intr)(frame) != 0)
270 			return;
271 #endif
272 	}
273 
274 	if (type == T_MCHK) {
275 		mca_intr();
276 		return;
277 	}
278 
279 #ifdef KDTRACE_HOOKS
280 	/*
281 	 * A trap can occur while DTrace executes a probe. Before
282 	 * executing the probe, DTrace blocks re-scheduling and sets
283 	 * a flag in its per-cpu flags to indicate that it doesn't
284 	 * want to fault. On returning from the probe, the no-fault
285 	 * flag is cleared and finally re-scheduling is enabled.
286 	 */
287 	if ((type == T_PROTFLT || type == T_PAGEFLT) &&
288 	    dtrace_trap_func != NULL && (*dtrace_trap_func)(frame, type))
289 		return;
290 #endif
291 
292 	/*
293 	 * We must not allow context switches until %cr2 is read.
294 	 * Also, for some Cyrix CPUs, %cr2 is clobbered by interrupts.
295 	 * All faults use interrupt gates, so %cr2 can be safely read
296 	 * now, before optional enable of the interrupts below.
297 	 */
298 	if (type == T_PAGEFLT)
299 		eva = rcr2();
300 
301 	/*
302 	 * Buggy application or kernel code has disabled interrupts
303 	 * and then trapped.  Enabling interrupts now is wrong, but it
304 	 * is better than running with interrupts disabled until they
305 	 * are accidentally enabled later.
306 	 */
307 	if ((frame->tf_eflags & PSL_I) == 0 && TRAPF_USERMODE(frame) &&
308 	    (curpcb->pcb_flags & PCB_VM86CALL) == 0)
309 		uprintf("pid %ld (%s): usermode trap %d (%s) with "
310 		    "interrupts disabled\n",
311 		    (long)curproc->p_pid, curthread->td_name, type,
312 		    trap_data[type].msg);
313 
314 	/*
315 	 * Conditionally reenable interrupts.  If we hold a spin lock,
316 	 * then we must not reenable interrupts.  This might be a
317 	 * spurious page fault.
318 	 */
319 	if (trap_enable_intr(type) && td->td_md.md_spinlock_count == 0 &&
320 	    frame->tf_eip != (int)cpu_switch_load_gs)
321 		enable_intr();
322 
323         if (TRAPF_USERMODE(frame) && (curpcb->pcb_flags & PCB_VM86CALL) == 0) {
324 		/* user trap */
325 
326 		td->td_pticks = 0;
327 		td->td_frame = frame;
328 		addr = frame->tf_eip;
329 		if (td->td_cowgen != atomic_load_int(&p->p_cowgen))
330 			thread_cow_update(td);
331 
332 		switch (type) {
333 		case T_PRIVINFLT:	/* privileged instruction fault */
334 			signo = SIGILL;
335 			ucode = ILL_PRVOPC;
336 			break;
337 
338 		case T_BPTFLT:		/* bpt instruction fault */
339 #ifdef KDTRACE_HOOKS
340 			if (trap_user_dtrace(frame, &dtrace_pid_probe_ptr))
341 				return;
342 #else
343 			enable_intr();
344 #endif
345 			signo = SIGTRAP;
346 			ucode = TRAP_BRKPT;
347 			break;
348 
349 		case T_TRCTRAP:		/* debug exception */
350 			enable_intr();
351 user_trctrap_out:
352 			signo = SIGTRAP;
353 			ucode = TRAP_TRACE;
354 			dr6 = rdr6();
355 			if ((dr6 & DBREG_DR6_BS) != 0) {
356 				PROC_LOCK(td->td_proc);
357 				if ((td->td_dbgflags & TDB_STEP) != 0) {
358 					td->td_frame->tf_eflags &= ~PSL_T;
359 					td->td_dbgflags &= ~TDB_STEP;
360 				}
361 				PROC_UNLOCK(td->td_proc);
362 			}
363 			break;
364 
365 		case T_ARITHTRAP:	/* arithmetic trap */
366 			ucode = npxtrap_x87();
367 			if (ucode == -1)
368 				return;
369 			signo = SIGFPE;
370 			break;
371 
372 		/*
373 		 * The following two traps can happen in vm86 mode,
374 		 * and, if so, we want to handle them specially.
375 		 */
376 		case T_PROTFLT:		/* general protection fault */
377 		case T_STKFLT:		/* stack fault */
378 			if (frame->tf_eflags & PSL_VM) {
379 				signo = vm86_emulate((struct vm86frame *)frame);
380 				ucode = 0;	/* XXXKIB: better code ? */
381 				if (signo == SIGTRAP) {
382 					load_dr6(rdr6() | 0x4000);
383 					goto user_trctrap_out;
384 				}
385 				if (signo == 0)
386 					goto user;
387 				break;
388 			}
389 			signo = SIGBUS;
390 			ucode = (type == T_PROTFLT) ? BUS_OBJERR : BUS_ADRERR;
391 			break;
392 		case T_SEGNPFLT:	/* segment not present fault */
393 			signo = SIGBUS;
394 			ucode = BUS_ADRERR;
395 			break;
396 		case T_TSSFLT:		/* invalid TSS fault */
397 			signo = SIGBUS;
398 			ucode = BUS_OBJERR;
399 			break;
400 		case T_ALIGNFLT:
401 			signo = SIGBUS;
402 			ucode = BUS_ADRALN;
403 			break;
404 		case T_DOUBLEFLT:	/* double fault */
405 		default:
406 			signo = SIGBUS;
407 			ucode = BUS_OBJERR;
408 			break;
409 
410 		case T_PAGEFLT:		/* page fault */
411 			addr = eva;
412 			pf = trap_pfault(frame, true, eva, &signo, &ucode);
413 #if defined(I586_CPU) && !defined(NO_F00F_HACK)
414 			if (pf == -2) {
415 				/*
416 				 * The f00f hack workaround has triggered, so
417 				 * treat the fault as an illegal instruction
418 				 * (T_PRIVINFLT) instead of a page fault.
419 				 */
420 				type = frame->tf_trapno = T_PRIVINFLT;
421 				break;
422 			}
423 #endif
424 			if (pf == -1)
425 				return;
426 			if (pf == 0)
427 				goto user;
428 			break;
429 
430 		case T_DIVIDE:		/* integer divide fault */
431 			ucode = FPE_INTDIV;
432 			signo = SIGFPE;
433 			break;
434 
435 		case T_NMI:
436 #ifdef POWERFAIL_NMI
437 #ifndef TIMER_FREQ
438 #  define TIMER_FREQ 1193182
439 #endif
440 			if (time_second - lastalert > 10) {
441 				log(LOG_WARNING, "NMI: power fail\n");
442 				sysbeep(880, SBT_1S);
443 				lastalert = time_second;
444 			}
445 			return;
446 #else /* !POWERFAIL_NMI */
447 			nmi_handle_intr(type, frame);
448 			return;
449 #endif /* POWERFAIL_NMI */
450 
451 		case T_OFLOW:		/* integer overflow fault */
452 			ucode = FPE_INTOVF;
453 			signo = SIGFPE;
454 			break;
455 
456 		case T_BOUND:		/* bounds check fault */
457 			ucode = FPE_FLTSUB;
458 			signo = SIGFPE;
459 			break;
460 
461 		case T_DNA:
462 			KASSERT(PCB_USER_FPU(td->td_pcb),
463 			    ("kernel FPU ctx has leaked"));
464 			/* transparent fault (due to context switch "late") */
465 			if (npxdna())
466 				return;
467 			uprintf("pid %d killed due to lack of floating point\n",
468 				p->p_pid);
469 			signo = SIGKILL;
470 			ucode = 0;
471 			break;
472 
473 		case T_FPOPFLT:		/* FPU operand fetch fault */
474 			ucode = ILL_COPROC;
475 			signo = SIGILL;
476 			break;
477 
478 		case T_XMMFLT:		/* SIMD floating-point exception */
479 			ucode = npxtrap_sse();
480 			if (ucode == -1)
481 				return;
482 			signo = SIGFPE;
483 			break;
484 #ifdef KDTRACE_HOOKS
485 		case T_DTRACE_RET:
486 			(void)trap_user_dtrace(frame, &dtrace_return_probe_ptr);
487 			return;
488 #endif
489 		}
490 	} else {
491 		/* kernel trap */
492 
493 		KASSERT(cold || td->td_ucred != NULL,
494 		    ("kernel trap doesn't have ucred"));
495 		switch (type) {
496 		case T_PAGEFLT:			/* page fault */
497 			(void)trap_pfault(frame, false, eva, NULL, NULL);
498 			return;
499 
500 		case T_DNA:
501 			if (PCB_USER_FPU(td->td_pcb))
502 				panic("Unregistered use of FPU in kernel");
503 			if (npxdna())
504 				return;
505 			break;
506 
507 		case T_ARITHTRAP:	/* arithmetic trap */
508 		case T_XMMFLT:		/* SIMD floating-point exception */
509 		case T_FPOPFLT:		/* FPU operand fetch fault */
510 			/*
511 			 * XXXKIB for now disable any FPU traps in kernel
512 			 * handler registration seems to be overkill
513 			 */
514 			trap_fatal(frame, 0);
515 			return;
516 
517 			/*
518 			 * The following two traps can happen in
519 			 * vm86 mode, and, if so, we want to handle
520 			 * them specially.
521 			 */
522 		case T_PROTFLT:		/* general protection fault */
523 		case T_STKFLT:		/* stack fault */
524 			if (frame->tf_eflags & PSL_VM) {
525 				signo = vm86_emulate((struct vm86frame *)frame);
526 				if (signo == SIGTRAP) {
527 					type = T_TRCTRAP;
528 					load_dr6(rdr6() | 0x4000);
529 					goto kernel_trctrap;
530 				}
531 				if (signo != 0)
532 					/*
533 					 * returns to original process
534 					 */
535 					vm86_trap((struct vm86frame *)frame);
536 				return;
537 			}
538 			/* FALL THROUGH */
539 		case T_SEGNPFLT:	/* segment not present fault */
540 			if (curpcb->pcb_flags & PCB_VM86CALL)
541 				break;
542 
543 			/*
544 			 * Invalid %fs's and %gs's can be created using
545 			 * procfs or PT_SETREGS or by invalidating the
546 			 * underlying LDT entry.  This causes a fault
547 			 * in kernel mode when the kernel attempts to
548 			 * switch contexts.  Lose the bad context
549 			 * (XXX) so that we can continue, and generate
550 			 * a signal.
551 			 */
552 			if (frame->tf_eip == (int)cpu_switch_load_gs) {
553 				curpcb->pcb_gs = 0;
554 #if 0
555 				PROC_LOCK(p);
556 				kern_psignal(p, SIGBUS);
557 				PROC_UNLOCK(p);
558 #endif
559 				return;
560 			}
561 
562 			if (td->td_intr_nesting_level != 0)
563 				break;
564 
565 			/*
566 			 * Invalid segment selectors and out of bounds
567 			 * %eip's and %esp's can be set up in user mode.
568 			 * This causes a fault in kernel mode when the
569 			 * kernel tries to return to user mode.  We want
570 			 * to get this fault so that we can fix the
571 			 * problem here and not have to check all the
572 			 * selectors and pointers when the user changes
573 			 * them.
574 			 *
575 			 * N.B. Comparing to long mode, 32-bit mode
576 			 * does not push %esp on the trap frame,
577 			 * because iretl faulted while in ring 0.  As
578 			 * the consequence, there is no need to fixup
579 			 * the stack pointer for doreti_iret_fault,
580 			 * the fixup and the complimentary trap() call
581 			 * are executed on the main thread stack, not
582 			 * on the trampoline stack.
583 			 */
584 			if (frame->tf_eip == (int)doreti_iret + setidt_disp) {
585 				frame->tf_eip = (int)doreti_iret_fault +
586 				    setidt_disp;
587 				return;
588 			}
589 			if (type == T_STKFLT)
590 				break;
591 
592 			if (frame->tf_eip == (int)doreti_popl_ds +
593 			    setidt_disp) {
594 				frame->tf_eip = (int)doreti_popl_ds_fault +
595 				    setidt_disp;
596 				return;
597 			}
598 			if (frame->tf_eip == (int)doreti_popl_es +
599 			    setidt_disp) {
600 				frame->tf_eip = (int)doreti_popl_es_fault +
601 				    setidt_disp;
602 				return;
603 			}
604 			if (frame->tf_eip == (int)doreti_popl_fs +
605 			    setidt_disp) {
606 				frame->tf_eip = (int)doreti_popl_fs_fault +
607 				    setidt_disp;
608 				return;
609 			}
610 			if (curpcb->pcb_onfault != NULL) {
611 				frame->tf_eip = (int)curpcb->pcb_onfault;
612 				return;
613 			}
614 			break;
615 
616 		case T_TSSFLT:
617 			/*
618 			 * PSL_NT can be set in user mode and isn't cleared
619 			 * automatically when the kernel is entered.  This
620 			 * causes a TSS fault when the kernel attempts to
621 			 * `iret' because the TSS link is uninitialized.  We
622 			 * want to get this fault so that we can fix the
623 			 * problem here and not every time the kernel is
624 			 * entered.
625 			 */
626 			if (frame->tf_eflags & PSL_NT) {
627 				frame->tf_eflags &= ~PSL_NT;
628 				return;
629 			}
630 			break;
631 
632 		case T_TRCTRAP:	 /* debug exception */
633 kernel_trctrap:
634 			/* Clear any pending debug events. */
635 			dr6 = rdr6();
636 			load_dr6(0);
637 
638 			/*
639 			 * Ignore debug register exceptions due to
640 			 * accesses in the user's address space, which
641 			 * can happen under several conditions such as
642 			 * if a user sets a watchpoint on a buffer and
643 			 * then passes that buffer to a system call.
644 			 * We still want to get TRCTRAPS for addresses
645 			 * in kernel space because that is useful when
646 			 * debugging the kernel.
647 			 */
648 			if (user_dbreg_trap(dr6) &&
649 			   !(curpcb->pcb_flags & PCB_VM86CALL))
650 				return;
651 
652 			/*
653 			 * Malicious user code can configure a debug
654 			 * register watchpoint to trap on data access
655 			 * to the top of stack and then execute 'pop
656 			 * %ss; int 3'.  Due to exception deferral for
657 			 * 'pop %ss', the CPU will not interrupt 'int
658 			 * 3' to raise the DB# exception for the debug
659 			 * register but will postpone the DB# until
660 			 * execution of the first instruction of the
661 			 * BP# handler (in kernel mode).  Normally the
662 			 * previous check would ignore DB# exceptions
663 			 * for watchpoints on user addresses raised in
664 			 * kernel mode.  However, some CPU errata
665 			 * include cases where DB# exceptions do not
666 			 * properly set bits in %dr6, e.g. Haswell
667 			 * HSD23 and Skylake-X SKZ24.
668 			 *
669 			 * A deferred DB# can also be raised on the
670 			 * first instructions of system call entry
671 			 * points or single-step traps via similar use
672 			 * of 'pop %ss' or 'mov xxx, %ss'.
673 			 */
674 			if (frame->tf_eip ==
675 			    (uintptr_t)IDTVEC(int0x80_syscall) + setidt_disp ||
676 			    frame->tf_eip == (uintptr_t)IDTVEC(bpt) +
677 			    setidt_disp ||
678 			    frame->tf_eip == (uintptr_t)IDTVEC(dbg) +
679 			    setidt_disp)
680 				return;
681 			/*
682 			 * FALLTHROUGH (TRCTRAP kernel mode, kernel address)
683 			 */
684 		case T_BPTFLT:
685 			/*
686 			 * If KDB is enabled, let it handle the debugger trap.
687 			 * Otherwise, debugger traps "can't happen".
688 			 */
689 #ifdef KDB
690 			if (kdb_trap(type, dr6, frame))
691 				return;
692 #endif
693 			break;
694 
695 		case T_NMI:
696 #ifdef POWERFAIL_NMI
697 			if (time_second - lastalert > 10) {
698 				log(LOG_WARNING, "NMI: power fail\n");
699 				sysbeep(880, SBT_1S);
700 				lastalert = time_second;
701 			}
702 			return;
703 #else /* !POWERFAIL_NMI */
704 			nmi_handle_intr(type, frame);
705 			return;
706 #endif /* POWERFAIL_NMI */
707 		}
708 
709 		trap_fatal(frame, eva);
710 		return;
711 	}
712 
713 	ksiginfo_init_trap(&ksi);
714 	ksi.ksi_signo = signo;
715 	ksi.ksi_code = ucode;
716 	ksi.ksi_addr = (void *)addr;
717 	ksi.ksi_trapno = type;
718 	if (uprintf_signal) {
719 		uprintf("pid %d comm %s: signal %d err %#x code %d type %d "
720 		    "addr %#x ss %#04x esp %#08x cs %#04x eip %#08x eax %#08x"
721 		    "<%02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x>\n",
722 		    p->p_pid, p->p_comm, signo, frame->tf_err, ucode, type,
723 		    addr, frame->tf_ss, frame->tf_esp, frame->tf_cs,
724 		    frame->tf_eip, frame->tf_eax,
725 		    fubyte((void *)(frame->tf_eip + 0)),
726 		    fubyte((void *)(frame->tf_eip + 1)),
727 		    fubyte((void *)(frame->tf_eip + 2)),
728 		    fubyte((void *)(frame->tf_eip + 3)),
729 		    fubyte((void *)(frame->tf_eip + 4)),
730 		    fubyte((void *)(frame->tf_eip + 5)),
731 		    fubyte((void *)(frame->tf_eip + 6)),
732 		    fubyte((void *)(frame->tf_eip + 7)));
733 	}
734 	KASSERT((read_eflags() & PSL_I) != 0, ("interrupts disabled"));
735 	trapsignal(td, &ksi);
736 
737 user:
738 	userret(td, frame);
739 	KASSERT(PCB_USER_FPU(td->td_pcb),
740 	    ("Return from trap with kernel FPU ctx leaked"));
741 }
742 
743 /*
744  * Handle all details of a page fault.
745  * Returns:
746  * -2 if the fault was caused by triggered workaround for Intel Pentium
747  *    0xf00f bug.
748  * -1 if this fault was fatal, typically from kernel mode
749  *    (cannot happen, but we need to return something).
750  * 0  if this fault was handled by updating either the user or kernel
751  *    page table, execution can continue.
752  * 1  if this fault was from usermode and it was not handled, a synchronous
753  *    signal should be delivered to the thread.  *signo returns the signal
754  *    number, *ucode gives si_code.
755  */
756 static int
757 trap_pfault(struct trapframe *frame, bool usermode, vm_offset_t eva,
758     int *signo, int *ucode)
759 {
760 	struct thread *td;
761 	struct proc *p;
762 	vm_map_t map;
763 	int rv;
764 	vm_prot_t ftype;
765 
766 	MPASS(!usermode || (signo != NULL && ucode != NULL));
767 
768 	td = curthread;
769 	p = td->td_proc;
770 
771 	if (__predict_false((td->td_pflags & TDP_NOFAULTING) != 0)) {
772 		/*
773 		 * Due to both processor errata and lazy TLB invalidation when
774 		 * access restrictions are removed from virtual pages, memory
775 		 * accesses that are allowed by the physical mapping layer may
776 		 * nonetheless cause one spurious page fault per virtual page.
777 		 * When the thread is executing a "no faulting" section that
778 		 * is bracketed by vm_fault_{disable,enable}_pagefaults(),
779 		 * every page fault is treated as a spurious page fault,
780 		 * unless it accesses the same virtual address as the most
781 		 * recent page fault within the same "no faulting" section.
782 		 */
783 		if (td->td_md.md_spurflt_addr != eva ||
784 		    (td->td_pflags & TDP_RESETSPUR) != 0) {
785 			/*
786 			 * Do nothing to the TLB.  A stale TLB entry is
787 			 * flushed automatically by a page fault.
788 			 */
789 			td->td_md.md_spurflt_addr = eva;
790 			td->td_pflags &= ~TDP_RESETSPUR;
791 			return (0);
792 		}
793 	} else {
794 		/*
795 		 * If we get a page fault while in a critical section, then
796 		 * it is most likely a fatal kernel page fault.  The kernel
797 		 * is already going to panic trying to get a sleep lock to
798 		 * do the VM lookup, so just consider it a fatal trap so the
799 		 * kernel can print out a useful trap message and even get
800 		 * to the debugger.
801 		 *
802 		 * If we get a page fault while holding a non-sleepable
803 		 * lock, then it is most likely a fatal kernel page fault.
804 		 * If WITNESS is enabled, then it's going to whine about
805 		 * bogus LORs with various VM locks, so just skip to the
806 		 * fatal trap handling directly.
807 		 */
808 		if (td->td_critnest != 0 ||
809 		    WITNESS_CHECK(WARN_SLEEPOK | WARN_GIANTOK, NULL,
810 		    "Kernel page fault") != 0) {
811 			trap_fatal(frame, eva);
812 			return (-1);
813 		}
814 	}
815 	if (eva >= PMAP_TRM_MIN_ADDRESS) {
816 		/*
817 		 * Don't allow user-mode faults in kernel address space.
818 		 * An exception:  if the faulting address is the invalid
819 		 * instruction entry in the IDT, then the Intel Pentium
820 		 * F00F bug workaround was triggered, and we need to
821 		 * treat it is as an illegal instruction, and not a page
822 		 * fault.
823 		 */
824 #if defined(I586_CPU) && !defined(NO_F00F_HACK)
825 		if ((eva == (unsigned int)&idt[6]) && has_f00f_bug) {
826 			*ucode = ILL_PRVOPC;
827 			*signo = SIGILL;
828 			return (-2);
829 		}
830 #endif
831 		if (usermode) {
832 			*signo = SIGSEGV;
833 			*ucode = SEGV_MAPERR;
834 			return (1);
835 		}
836 		trap_fatal(frame, eva);
837 		return (-1);
838 	} else {
839 		map = usermode ? &p->p_vmspace->vm_map : kernel_map;
840 
841 		/*
842 		 * Kernel cannot access a user-space address directly
843 		 * because user pages are not mapped.  Also, page
844 		 * faults must not be caused during the interrupts.
845 		 */
846 		if (!usermode && td->td_intr_nesting_level != 0) {
847 			trap_fatal(frame, eva);
848 			return (-1);
849 		}
850 	}
851 
852 	/*
853 	 * If the trap was caused by errant bits in the PTE then panic.
854 	 */
855 	if (frame->tf_err & PGEX_RSV) {
856 		trap_fatal(frame, eva);
857 		return (-1);
858 	}
859 
860 	/*
861 	 * PGEX_I is defined only if the execute disable bit capability is
862 	 * supported and enabled.
863 	 */
864 	if (frame->tf_err & PGEX_W)
865 		ftype = VM_PROT_WRITE;
866 	else if ((frame->tf_err & PGEX_I) && pg_nx != 0)
867 		ftype = VM_PROT_EXECUTE;
868 	else
869 		ftype = VM_PROT_READ;
870 
871 	/* Fault in the page. */
872 	rv = vm_fault_trap(map, eva, ftype, VM_FAULT_NORMAL, signo, ucode);
873 	if (rv == KERN_SUCCESS) {
874 #ifdef HWPMC_HOOKS
875 		if (ftype == VM_PROT_READ || ftype == VM_PROT_WRITE) {
876 			PMC_SOFT_CALL_TF( , , page_fault, all, frame);
877 			if (ftype == VM_PROT_READ)
878 				PMC_SOFT_CALL_TF( , , page_fault, read,
879 				    frame);
880 			else
881 				PMC_SOFT_CALL_TF( , , page_fault, write,
882 				    frame);
883 		}
884 #endif
885 		return (0);
886 	}
887 	if (usermode)
888 		return (1);
889 	if (td->td_intr_nesting_level == 0 &&
890 	    curpcb->pcb_onfault != NULL) {
891 		frame->tf_eip = (int)curpcb->pcb_onfault;
892 		return (0);
893 	}
894 	trap_fatal(frame, eva);
895 	return (-1);
896 }
897 
898 static void
899 trap_fatal(struct trapframe *frame, vm_offset_t eva)
900 {
901 	int code, ss, esp;
902 	u_int type;
903 	struct soft_segment_descriptor softseg;
904 #ifdef KDB
905 	bool handled;
906 #endif
907 
908 	code = frame->tf_err;
909 	type = frame->tf_trapno;
910 	sdtossd(&gdt[IDXSEL(frame->tf_cs & 0xffff)].sd, &softseg);
911 
912 	printf("\n\nFatal trap %d: %s while in %s mode\n", type, trap_msg(type),
913 	    frame->tf_eflags & PSL_VM ? "vm86" :
914 	    ISPL(frame->tf_cs) == SEL_UPL ? "user" : "kernel");
915 #ifdef SMP
916 	/* two separate prints in case of a trap on an unmapped page */
917 	printf("cpuid = %d; ", PCPU_GET(cpuid));
918 	printf("apic id = %02x\n", PCPU_GET(apic_id));
919 #endif
920 	if (type == T_PAGEFLT) {
921 		printf("fault virtual address	= 0x%x\n", eva);
922 		printf("fault code		= %s %s%s, %s\n",
923 			code & PGEX_U ? "user" : "supervisor",
924 			code & PGEX_W ? "write" : "read",
925 			pg_nx != 0 ?
926 			(code & PGEX_I ? " instruction" : " data") :
927 			"",
928 			code & PGEX_RSV ? "reserved bits in PTE" :
929 			code & PGEX_P ? "protection violation" : "page not present");
930 	} else {
931 		printf("error code		= %#x\n", code);
932 	}
933 	printf("instruction pointer	= 0x%x:0x%x\n",
934 	       frame->tf_cs & 0xffff, frame->tf_eip);
935         if (TF_HAS_STACKREGS(frame)) {
936 		ss = frame->tf_ss & 0xffff;
937 		esp = frame->tf_esp;
938 	} else {
939 		ss = GSEL(GDATA_SEL, SEL_KPL);
940 		esp = (int)&frame->tf_esp;
941 	}
942 	printf("stack pointer	        = 0x%x:0x%x\n", ss, esp);
943 	printf("frame pointer	        = 0x%x:0x%x\n", ss, frame->tf_ebp);
944 	printf("code segment		= base 0x%x, limit 0x%x, type 0x%x\n",
945 	       softseg.ssd_base, softseg.ssd_limit, softseg.ssd_type);
946 	printf("			= DPL %d, pres %d, def32 %d, gran %d\n",
947 	       softseg.ssd_dpl, softseg.ssd_p, softseg.ssd_def32,
948 	       softseg.ssd_gran);
949 	printf("processor eflags	= ");
950 	if (frame->tf_eflags & PSL_T)
951 		printf("trace trap, ");
952 	if (frame->tf_eflags & PSL_I)
953 		printf("interrupt enabled, ");
954 	if (frame->tf_eflags & PSL_NT)
955 		printf("nested task, ");
956 	if (frame->tf_eflags & PSL_RF)
957 		printf("resume, ");
958 	if (frame->tf_eflags & PSL_VM)
959 		printf("vm86, ");
960 	printf("IOPL = %d\n", (frame->tf_eflags & PSL_IOPL) >> 12);
961 	printf("current process		= %d (%s)\n",
962 	    curproc->p_pid, curthread->td_name);
963 
964 #ifdef KDB
965 	if (debugger_on_trap) {
966 		kdb_why = KDB_WHY_TRAP;
967 		frame->tf_err = eva;	/* smuggle fault address to ddb */
968 		handled = kdb_trap(type, 0, frame);
969 		frame->tf_err = code;	/* restore error code */
970 		kdb_why = KDB_WHY_UNSET;
971 		if (handled)
972 			return;
973 	}
974 #endif
975 	printf("trap number		= %d\n", type);
976 	if (trap_msg(type) != NULL)
977 		panic("%s", trap_msg(type));
978 	else
979 		panic("unknown/reserved trap");
980 }
981 
982 #ifdef KDTRACE_HOOKS
983 /*
984  * Invoke a userspace DTrace hook.  The hook pointer is cleared when no
985  * userspace probes are enabled, so we must synchronize with DTrace to ensure
986  * that a trapping thread is able to call the hook before it is cleared.
987  */
988 static bool
989 trap_user_dtrace(struct trapframe *frame, int (**hookp)(struct trapframe *))
990 {
991 	int (*hook)(struct trapframe *);
992 
993 	hook = atomic_load_ptr(hookp);
994 	enable_intr();
995 	if (hook != NULL)
996 		return ((hook)(frame) == 0);
997 	return (false);
998 }
999 #endif
1000 
1001 /*
1002  * Double fault handler. Called when a fault occurs while writing
1003  * a frame for a trap/exception onto the stack. This usually occurs
1004  * when the stack overflows (such is the case with infinite recursion,
1005  * for example).
1006  *
1007  * XXX Note that the current PTD gets replaced by IdlePTD when the
1008  * task switch occurs. This means that the stack that was active at
1009  * the time of the double fault is not available at <kstack> unless
1010  * the machine was idle when the double fault occurred. The downside
1011  * of this is that "trace <ebp>" in ddb won't work.
1012  */
1013 void
1014 dblfault_handler(void)
1015 {
1016 	struct i386tss *t;
1017 
1018 #ifdef KDTRACE_HOOKS
1019 	if (dtrace_doubletrap_func != NULL)
1020 		(*dtrace_doubletrap_func)();
1021 #endif
1022 	printf("\nFatal double fault:\n");
1023 	t = PCPU_GET(common_tssp);
1024 	printf(
1025 	    "eip = %#08x esp = %#08x ebp = %#08x eax = %#08x\n"
1026 	    "edx = %#08x ecx = %#08x edi = %#08x esi = %#08x\n"
1027 	    "ebx = %#08x\n"
1028 	    "psl = %#08x cs  = %#08x ss  = %#08x ds  = %#08x\n"
1029 	    "es  = %#08x fs  = %#08x gs  = %#08x cr3 = %#08x\n",
1030 	    t->tss_eip, t->tss_esp, t->tss_ebp, t->tss_eax,
1031 	    t->tss_edx, t->tss_ecx, t->tss_edi, t->tss_esi,
1032 	    t->tss_ebx,
1033 	    t->tss_eflags, t->tss_cs, t->tss_ss, t->tss_ds,
1034 	    t->tss_es, t->tss_fs, t->tss_gs, t->tss_cr3);
1035 #ifdef SMP
1036 	printf("cpuid = %d; apic id = %02x\n", PCPU_GET(cpuid),
1037 	    PCPU_GET(apic_id));
1038 #endif
1039 	panic("double fault");
1040 }
1041 
1042 int
1043 cpu_fetch_syscall_args(struct thread *td)
1044 {
1045 	struct proc *p;
1046 	struct trapframe *frame;
1047 	struct syscall_args *sa;
1048 	caddr_t params;
1049 	long tmp;
1050 	int error;
1051 #ifdef COMPAT_43
1052 	u_int32_t eip;
1053 	int cs;
1054 #endif
1055 
1056 	p = td->td_proc;
1057 	frame = td->td_frame;
1058 	sa = &td->td_sa;
1059 
1060 #ifdef COMPAT_43
1061 	if (__predict_false(frame->tf_cs == 7 && frame->tf_eip == 2)) {
1062 		/*
1063 		 * In lcall $7,$0 after int $0x80.  Convert the user
1064 		 * frame to what it would be for a direct int 0x80 instead
1065 		 * of lcall $7,$0, by popping the lcall return address.
1066 		 */
1067 		error = fueword32((void *)frame->tf_esp, &eip);
1068 		if (error == -1)
1069 			return (EFAULT);
1070 		cs = fuword16((void *)(frame->tf_esp + sizeof(u_int32_t)));
1071 		if (cs == -1)
1072 			return (EFAULT);
1073 
1074 		/*
1075 		 * Unwind in-kernel frame after all stack frame pieces
1076 		 * were successfully read.
1077 		 */
1078 		frame->tf_eip = eip;
1079 		frame->tf_cs = cs;
1080 		frame->tf_esp += 2 * sizeof(u_int32_t);
1081 		frame->tf_err = 7;	/* size of lcall $7,$0 */
1082 	}
1083 #endif
1084 
1085 	sa->code = frame->tf_eax;
1086 	sa->original_code = sa->code;
1087 	params = (caddr_t)frame->tf_esp + sizeof(uint32_t);
1088 
1089 	/*
1090 	 * Need to check if this is a 32 bit or 64 bit syscall.
1091 	 */
1092 	if (sa->code == SYS_syscall) {
1093 		/*
1094 		 * Code is first argument, followed by actual args.
1095 		 */
1096 		error = fueword(params, &tmp);
1097 		if (error == -1)
1098 			return (EFAULT);
1099 		sa->code = tmp;
1100 		params += sizeof(uint32_t);
1101 	} else if (sa->code == SYS___syscall) {
1102 		/*
1103 		 * Like syscall, but code is a quad, so as to maintain
1104 		 * quad alignment for the rest of the arguments.
1105 		 */
1106 		error = fueword(params, &tmp);
1107 		if (error == -1)
1108 			return (EFAULT);
1109 		sa->code = tmp;
1110 		params += sizeof(quad_t);
1111 	}
1112 
1113  	if (sa->code >= p->p_sysent->sv_size)
1114 		sa->callp = &nosys_sysent;
1115   	else
1116  		sa->callp = &p->p_sysent->sv_table[sa->code];
1117 
1118 	if (params != NULL && sa->callp->sy_narg != 0)
1119 		error = copyin(params, (caddr_t)sa->args,
1120 		    (u_int)(sa->callp->sy_narg * sizeof(uint32_t)));
1121 	else
1122 		error = 0;
1123 
1124 	if (error == 0) {
1125 		td->td_retval[0] = 0;
1126 		td->td_retval[1] = frame->tf_edx;
1127 	}
1128 
1129 	return (error);
1130 }
1131 
1132 #include "../../kern/subr_syscall.c"
1133 
1134 /*
1135  * syscall - system call request C handler.  A system call is
1136  * essentially treated as a trap by reusing the frame layout.
1137  */
1138 void
1139 syscall(struct trapframe *frame)
1140 {
1141 	struct thread *td;
1142 	register_t orig_tf_eflags;
1143 	ksiginfo_t ksi;
1144 
1145 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
1146 	if (!(TRAPF_USERMODE(frame) &&
1147 	    (curpcb->pcb_flags & PCB_VM86CALL) == 0)) {
1148 		panic("syscall");
1149 		/* NOT REACHED */
1150 	}
1151 #endif
1152 	trap_check_kstack();
1153 	orig_tf_eflags = frame->tf_eflags;
1154 
1155 	td = curthread;
1156 	td->td_frame = frame;
1157 
1158 	syscallenter(td);
1159 
1160 	/*
1161 	 * Traced syscall.
1162 	 */
1163 	if ((orig_tf_eflags & PSL_T) && !(orig_tf_eflags & PSL_VM)) {
1164 		frame->tf_eflags &= ~PSL_T;
1165 		ksiginfo_init_trap(&ksi);
1166 		ksi.ksi_signo = SIGTRAP;
1167 		ksi.ksi_code = TRAP_TRACE;
1168 		ksi.ksi_addr = (void *)frame->tf_eip;
1169 		trapsignal(td, &ksi);
1170 	}
1171 
1172 	KASSERT(PCB_USER_FPU(td->td_pcb),
1173 	    ("System call %s returning with kernel FPU ctx leaked",
1174 	     syscallname(td->td_proc, td->td_sa.code)));
1175 	KASSERT(td->td_pcb->pcb_save == get_pcb_user_save_td(td),
1176 	    ("System call %s returning with mangled pcb_save",
1177 	     syscallname(td->td_proc, td->td_sa.code)));
1178 
1179 	syscallret(td);
1180 }
1181