xref: /freebsd/sys/i386/include/atomic.h (revision 8306a37b)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1998 Doug Rabson
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
15  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
17  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
18  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
19  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
20  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
21  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
22  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
23  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
24  * SUCH DAMAGE.
25  *
26  * $FreeBSD$
27  */
28 #ifndef _MACHINE_ATOMIC_H_
29 #define _MACHINE_ATOMIC_H_
30 
31 #ifndef __GNUC__
32 #ifndef lint
33 #error "This file must be compiled with GCC or lint"
34 #endif /* lint */
35 #endif /* __GNUC__ */
36 
37 /*
38  * Various simple arithmetic on memory which is atomic in the presence
39  * of interrupts and multiple processors.
40  *
41  * atomic_set_char(P, V)	(*(u_char*)(P) |= (V))
42  * atomic_clear_char(P, V)	(*(u_char*)(P) &= ~(V))
43  * atomic_add_char(P, V)	(*(u_char*)(P) += (V))
44  * atomic_subtract_char(P, V)	(*(u_char*)(P) -= (V))
45  *
46  * atomic_set_short(P, V)	(*(u_short*)(P) |= (V))
47  * atomic_clear_short(P, V)	(*(u_short*)(P) &= ~(V))
48  * atomic_add_short(P, V)	(*(u_short*)(P) += (V))
49  * atomic_subtract_short(P, V)	(*(u_short*)(P) -= (V))
50  *
51  * atomic_set_int(P, V)		(*(u_int*)(P) |= (V))
52  * atomic_clear_int(P, V)	(*(u_int*)(P) &= ~(V))
53  * atomic_add_int(P, V)		(*(u_int*)(P) += (V))
54  * atomic_subtract_int(P, V)	(*(u_int*)(P) -= (V))
55  * atomic_readandclear_int(P)	(return  *(u_int*)P; *(u_int*)P = 0;)
56  *
57  * atomic_set_long(P, V)	(*(u_long*)(P) |= (V))
58  * atomic_clear_long(P, V)	(*(u_long*)(P) &= ~(V))
59  * atomic_add_long(P, V)	(*(u_long*)(P) += (V))
60  * atomic_subtract_long(P, V)	(*(u_long*)(P) -= (V))
61  * atomic_readandclear_long(P)	(return  *(u_long*)P; *(u_long*)P = 0;)
62  */
63 
64 /*
65  * The above functions are expanded inline in the statically-linked
66  * kernel.  Lock prefixes are generated if an SMP kernel is being
67  * built.
68  *
69  * Kernel modules call real functions which are built into the kernel.
70  * This allows kernel modules to be portable between UP and SMP systems.
71  */
72 #if defined(KLD_MODULE)
73 #define ATOMIC_ASM(NAME, TYPE, OP, CONS, V)			\
74 void atomic_##NAME##_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)
75 
76 int atomic_cmpset_int(volatile u_int *dst, u_int exp, u_int src);
77 
78 #define	ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(TYPE, LOP, SOP)			\
79 u_##TYPE	atomic_load_acq_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p);	\
80 void		atomic_store_rel_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)
81 
82 #else /* !KLD_MODULE */
83 
84 /*
85  * For userland, assume the SMP case and use lock prefixes so that
86  * the binaries will run on both types of systems.
87  */
88 #if defined(SMP) || !defined(_KERNEL)
89 #define MPLOCKED	lock ;
90 #else
91 #define MPLOCKED
92 #endif
93 
94 /*
95  * The assembly is volatilized to demark potential before-and-after side
96  * effects if an interrupt or SMP collision were to occur.
97  */
98 #ifdef __GNUC__
99 #define ATOMIC_ASM(NAME, TYPE, OP, CONS, V)		\
100 static __inline void					\
101 atomic_##NAME##_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)\
102 {							\
103 	__asm __volatile(__XSTRING(MPLOCKED) OP		\
104 			 : "+m" (*p)			\
105 			 : CONS (V));			\
106 }
107 #else /* !__GNUC__ */
108 #define ATOMIC_ASM(NAME, TYPE, OP, CONS, V)			\
109 void atomic_##NAME##_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)
110 #endif /* __GNUC__ */
111 
112 /*
113  * Atomic compare and set, used by the mutex functions
114  *
115  * if (*dst == exp) *dst = src (all 32 bit words)
116  *
117  * Returns 0 on failure, non-zero on success
118  */
119 
120 #if defined(__GNUC__)
121 #if defined(I386_CPU)
122 static __inline int
123 atomic_cmpset_int(volatile u_int *dst, u_int exp, u_int src)
124 {
125 	int res = exp;
126 
127 	__asm __volatile(
128 	"	pushfl ;		"
129 	"	cli ;			"
130 	"	cmpl	%0,%2 ;		"
131 	"	jne	1f ;		"
132 	"	movl	%1,%2 ;		"
133 	"1:				"
134 	"       sete	%%al;		"
135 	"	movzbl	%%al,%0 ;	"
136 	"	popfl ;			"
137 	"# atomic_cmpset_int"
138 	: "+a" (res)			/* 0 (result) */
139 	: "r" (src),			/* 1 */
140 	  "m" (*(dst))			/* 2 */
141 	: "memory");
142 
143 	return (res);
144 }
145 #else /* defined(I386_CPU) */
146 static __inline int
147 atomic_cmpset_int(volatile u_int *dst, u_int exp, u_int src)
148 {
149 	int res = exp;
150 
151 	__asm __volatile (
152 	"	" __XSTRING(MPLOCKED) "	"
153 	"	cmpxchgl %1,%2 ;	"
154 	"       setz	%%al ;		"
155 	"	movzbl	%%al,%0 ;	"
156 	"1:				"
157 	"# atomic_cmpset_int"
158 	: "+a" (res)			/* 0 (result) */
159 	: "r" (src),			/* 1 */
160 	  "m" (*(dst))			/* 2 */
161 	: "memory");
162 
163 	return (res);
164 }
165 #endif /* defined(I386_CPU) */
166 #else /* !defined(__GNUC__) */
167 static __inline int
168 atomic_cmpset_int(volatile u_int *dst __unused, u_int exp __unused,
169     u_int src __unused)
170 {
171 }
172 #endif /* defined(__GNUC__) */
173 
174 #if defined(__GNUC__)
175 #if defined(I386_CPU)
176 /*
177  * We assume that a = b will do atomic loads and stores.
178  *
179  * XXX: This is _NOT_ safe on a P6 or higher because it does not guarantee
180  * memory ordering.  These should only be used on a 386.
181  */
182 #define ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(TYPE, LOP, SOP)		\
183 static __inline u_##TYPE				\
184 atomic_load_acq_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p)		\
185 {							\
186 	return (*p);					\
187 }							\
188 							\
189 static __inline void					\
190 atomic_store_rel_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)\
191 {							\
192 	*p = v;						\
193 	__asm __volatile("" : : : "memory");		\
194 }
195 #else /* !defined(I386_CPU) */
196 
197 #define ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(TYPE, LOP, SOP)		\
198 static __inline u_##TYPE				\
199 atomic_load_acq_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p)		\
200 {							\
201 	u_##TYPE res;					\
202 							\
203 	__asm __volatile(__XSTRING(MPLOCKED) LOP	\
204 	: "=a" (res),			/* 0 (result) */\
205 	  "+m" (*p)			/* 1 */		\
206 	: : "memory");				 	\
207 							\
208 	return (res);					\
209 }							\
210 							\
211 /*							\
212  * The XCHG instruction asserts LOCK automagically.	\
213  */							\
214 static __inline void					\
215 atomic_store_rel_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)\
216 {							\
217 	__asm __volatile(SOP				\
218 	: "+m" (*p),			/* 0 */		\
219 	  "+r" (v)			/* 1 */		\
220 	: : "memory");				 	\
221 }
222 #endif	/* defined(I386_CPU) */
223 #else /* !defined(__GNUC__) */
224 
225 /*
226  * XXXX: Dummy functions!!
227  */
228 #define ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(TYPE, LOP, SOP)			\
229 u_##TYPE atomic_load_acq_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p __unused);	\
230 void atomic_store_rel_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p __unused,	\
231     u_##TYPE v __unused)
232 
233 #endif /* defined(__GNUC__) */
234 #endif /* KLD_MODULE */
235 
236 ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     char,  "orb %b1,%0",  "iq",  v);
237 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    char,  "andb %b1,%0", "iq", ~v);
238 ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     char,  "addb %b1,%0", "iq",  v);
239 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, char,  "subb %b1,%0", "iq",  v);
240 
241 ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     short, "orw %w1,%0",  "ir",  v);
242 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    short, "andw %w1,%0", "ir", ~v);
243 ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     short, "addw %w1,%0", "ir",  v);
244 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, short, "subw %w1,%0", "ir",  v);
245 
246 ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     int,   "orl %1,%0",   "ir",  v);
247 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    int,   "andl %1,%0",  "ir", ~v);
248 ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     int,   "addl %1,%0",  "ir",  v);
249 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, int,   "subl %1,%0",  "ir",  v);
250 
251 ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     long,  "orl %1,%0",   "ir",  v);
252 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    long,  "andl %1,%0",  "ir", ~v);
253 ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     long,  "addl %1,%0",  "ir",  v);
254 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, long,  "subl %1,%0",  "ir",  v);
255 
256 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(char,	"cmpxchgb %b0,%1", "xchgb %b1,%0");
257 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(short,"cmpxchgw %w0,%1", "xchgw %w1,%0");
258 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(int,	"cmpxchgl %0,%1",  "xchgl %1,%0");
259 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(long,	"cmpxchgl %0,%1",  "xchgl %1,%0");
260 
261 #undef ATOMIC_ASM
262 #undef ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD
263 
264 #define	atomic_set_acq_char		atomic_set_char
265 #define	atomic_set_rel_char		atomic_set_char
266 #define	atomic_clear_acq_char		atomic_clear_char
267 #define	atomic_clear_rel_char		atomic_clear_char
268 #define	atomic_add_acq_char		atomic_add_char
269 #define	atomic_add_rel_char		atomic_add_char
270 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_char	atomic_subtract_char
271 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_char	atomic_subtract_char
272 
273 #define	atomic_set_acq_short		atomic_set_short
274 #define	atomic_set_rel_short		atomic_set_short
275 #define	atomic_clear_acq_short		atomic_clear_short
276 #define	atomic_clear_rel_short		atomic_clear_short
277 #define	atomic_add_acq_short		atomic_add_short
278 #define	atomic_add_rel_short		atomic_add_short
279 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_short	atomic_subtract_short
280 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_short	atomic_subtract_short
281 
282 #define	atomic_set_acq_int		atomic_set_int
283 #define	atomic_set_rel_int		atomic_set_int
284 #define	atomic_clear_acq_int		atomic_clear_int
285 #define	atomic_clear_rel_int		atomic_clear_int
286 #define	atomic_add_acq_int		atomic_add_int
287 #define	atomic_add_rel_int		atomic_add_int
288 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_int		atomic_subtract_int
289 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_int		atomic_subtract_int
290 #define atomic_cmpset_acq_int		atomic_cmpset_int
291 #define atomic_cmpset_rel_int		atomic_cmpset_int
292 
293 #define	atomic_set_acq_long		atomic_set_long
294 #define	atomic_set_rel_long		atomic_set_long
295 #define	atomic_clear_acq_long		atomic_clear_long
296 #define	atomic_clear_rel_long		atomic_clear_long
297 #define	atomic_add_acq_long		atomic_add_long
298 #define	atomic_add_rel_long		atomic_add_long
299 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_long	atomic_subtract_long
300 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_long	atomic_subtract_long
301 #define	atomic_cmpset_long		atomic_cmpset_int
302 #define	atomic_cmpset_acq_long		atomic_cmpset_acq_int
303 #define	atomic_cmpset_rel_long		atomic_cmpset_rel_int
304 
305 #define atomic_cmpset_acq_ptr		atomic_cmpset_ptr
306 #define atomic_cmpset_rel_ptr		atomic_cmpset_ptr
307 
308 #define	atomic_set_8		atomic_set_char
309 #define	atomic_set_acq_8	atomic_set_acq_char
310 #define	atomic_set_rel_8	atomic_set_rel_char
311 #define	atomic_clear_8		atomic_clear_char
312 #define	atomic_clear_acq_8	atomic_clear_acq_char
313 #define	atomic_clear_rel_8	atomic_clear_rel_char
314 #define	atomic_add_8		atomic_add_char
315 #define	atomic_add_acq_8	atomic_add_acq_char
316 #define	atomic_add_rel_8	atomic_add_rel_char
317 #define	atomic_subtract_8	atomic_subtract_char
318 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_8	atomic_subtract_acq_char
319 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_8	atomic_subtract_rel_char
320 #define	atomic_load_acq_8	atomic_load_acq_char
321 #define	atomic_store_rel_8	atomic_store_rel_char
322 
323 #define	atomic_set_16		atomic_set_short
324 #define	atomic_set_acq_16	atomic_set_acq_short
325 #define	atomic_set_rel_16	atomic_set_rel_short
326 #define	atomic_clear_16		atomic_clear_short
327 #define	atomic_clear_acq_16	atomic_clear_acq_short
328 #define	atomic_clear_rel_16	atomic_clear_rel_short
329 #define	atomic_add_16		atomic_add_short
330 #define	atomic_add_acq_16	atomic_add_acq_short
331 #define	atomic_add_rel_16	atomic_add_rel_short
332 #define	atomic_subtract_16	atomic_subtract_short
333 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_16	atomic_subtract_acq_short
334 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_16	atomic_subtract_rel_short
335 #define	atomic_load_acq_16	atomic_load_acq_short
336 #define	atomic_store_rel_16	atomic_store_rel_short
337 
338 #define	atomic_set_32		atomic_set_int
339 #define	atomic_set_acq_32	atomic_set_acq_int
340 #define	atomic_set_rel_32	atomic_set_rel_int
341 #define	atomic_clear_32		atomic_clear_int
342 #define	atomic_clear_acq_32	atomic_clear_acq_int
343 #define	atomic_clear_rel_32	atomic_clear_rel_int
344 #define	atomic_add_32		atomic_add_int
345 #define	atomic_add_acq_32	atomic_add_acq_int
346 #define	atomic_add_rel_32	atomic_add_rel_int
347 #define	atomic_subtract_32	atomic_subtract_int
348 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_32	atomic_subtract_acq_int
349 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_32	atomic_subtract_rel_int
350 #define	atomic_load_acq_32	atomic_load_acq_int
351 #define	atomic_store_rel_32	atomic_store_rel_int
352 #define	atomic_cmpset_32	atomic_cmpset_int
353 #define	atomic_cmpset_acq_32	atomic_cmpset_acq_int
354 #define	atomic_cmpset_rel_32	atomic_cmpset_rel_int
355 #define	atomic_readandclear_32	atomic_readandclear_int
356 
357 #if !defined(WANT_FUNCTIONS)
358 static __inline int
359 atomic_cmpset_ptr(volatile void *dst, void *exp, void *src)
360 {
361 
362 	return (atomic_cmpset_int((volatile u_int *)dst, (u_int)exp,
363 	    (u_int)src));
364 }
365 
366 static __inline void *
367 atomic_load_acq_ptr(volatile void *p)
368 {
369 	return (void *)atomic_load_acq_int((volatile u_int *)p);
370 }
371 
372 static __inline void
373 atomic_store_rel_ptr(volatile void *p, void *v)
374 {
375 	atomic_store_rel_int((volatile u_int *)p, (u_int)v);
376 }
377 
378 #define ATOMIC_PTR(NAME)				\
379 static __inline void					\
380 atomic_##NAME##_ptr(volatile void *p, uintptr_t v)	\
381 {							\
382 	atomic_##NAME##_int((volatile u_int *)p, v);	\
383 }							\
384 							\
385 static __inline void					\
386 atomic_##NAME##_acq_ptr(volatile void *p, uintptr_t v)	\
387 {							\
388 	atomic_##NAME##_acq_int((volatile u_int *)p, v);\
389 }							\
390 							\
391 static __inline void					\
392 atomic_##NAME##_rel_ptr(volatile void *p, uintptr_t v)	\
393 {							\
394 	atomic_##NAME##_rel_int((volatile u_int *)p, v);\
395 }
396 
397 ATOMIC_PTR(set)
398 ATOMIC_PTR(clear)
399 ATOMIC_PTR(add)
400 ATOMIC_PTR(subtract)
401 
402 #undef ATOMIC_PTR
403 
404 #if defined(__GNUC__)
405 static __inline u_int
406 atomic_readandclear_int(volatile u_int *addr)
407 {
408 	u_int result;
409 
410 	__asm __volatile (
411 	"	xorl	%0,%0 ;		"
412 	"	xchgl	%1,%0 ;		"
413 	"# atomic_readandclear_int"
414 	: "=&r" (result)		/* 0 (result) */
415 	: "m" (*addr));			/* 1 (addr) */
416 
417 	return (result);
418 }
419 #else /* !defined(__GNUC__) */
420 /*
421  * XXXX: Dummy!
422  */
423 static __inline u_int
424 atomic_readandclear_int(volatile u_int *addr __unused)
425 {
426 }
427 #endif /* defined(__GNUC__) */
428 
429 #if defined(__GNUC__)
430 static __inline u_long
431 atomic_readandclear_long(volatile u_long *addr)
432 {
433 	u_long result;
434 
435 	__asm __volatile (
436 	"	xorl	%0,%0 ;		"
437 	"	xchgl	%1,%0 ;		"
438 	"# atomic_readandclear_int"
439 	: "=&r" (result)		/* 0 (result) */
440 	: "m" (*addr));			/* 1 (addr) */
441 
442 	return (result);
443 }
444 #else /* !defined(__GNUC__) */
445 /*
446  * XXXX: Dummy!
447  */
448 static __inline u_long
449 atomic_readandclear_long(volatile u_long *addr __unused)
450 {
451 }
452 #endif /* defined(__GNUC__) */
453 #endif	/* !defined(WANT_FUNCTIONS) */
454 #endif /* ! _MACHINE_ATOMIC_H_ */
455