xref: /freebsd/sys/i386/include/atomic.h (revision d2f22d70)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1998 Doug Rabson
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
15  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
17  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
18  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
19  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
20  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
21  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
22  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
23  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
24  * SUCH DAMAGE.
25  *
26  * $FreeBSD$
27  */
28 #ifndef _MACHINE_ATOMIC_H_
29 #define _MACHINE_ATOMIC_H_
30 
31 /*
32  * Various simple arithmetic on memory which is atomic in the presence
33  * of interrupts and multiple processors.
34  *
35  * atomic_set_char(P, V)	(*(u_char*)(P) |= (V))
36  * atomic_clear_char(P, V)	(*(u_char*)(P) &= ~(V))
37  * atomic_add_char(P, V)	(*(u_char*)(P) += (V))
38  * atomic_subtract_char(P, V)	(*(u_char*)(P) -= (V))
39  *
40  * atomic_set_short(P, V)	(*(u_short*)(P) |= (V))
41  * atomic_clear_short(P, V)	(*(u_short*)(P) &= ~(V))
42  * atomic_add_short(P, V)	(*(u_short*)(P) += (V))
43  * atomic_subtract_short(P, V)	(*(u_short*)(P) -= (V))
44  *
45  * atomic_set_int(P, V)		(*(u_int*)(P) |= (V))
46  * atomic_clear_int(P, V)	(*(u_int*)(P) &= ~(V))
47  * atomic_add_int(P, V)		(*(u_int*)(P) += (V))
48  * atomic_subtract_int(P, V)	(*(u_int*)(P) -= (V))
49  * atomic_readandclear_int(P)	(return  *(u_int*)P; *(u_int*)P = 0;)
50  *
51  * atomic_set_long(P, V)	(*(u_long*)(P) |= (V))
52  * atomic_clear_long(P, V)	(*(u_long*)(P) &= ~(V))
53  * atomic_add_long(P, V)	(*(u_long*)(P) += (V))
54  * atomic_subtract_long(P, V)	(*(u_long*)(P) -= (V))
55  * atomic_readandclear_long(P)	(return  *(u_long*)P; *(u_long*)P = 0;)
56  */
57 
58 /*
59  * The above functions are expanded inline in the statically-linked
60  * kernel.  Lock prefixes are generated if an SMP kernel is being
61  * built.
62  *
63  * Kernel modules call real functions which are built into the kernel.
64  * This allows kernel modules to be portable between UP and SMP systems.
65  */
66 #if defined(KLD_MODULE)
67 #define ATOMIC_ASM(NAME, TYPE, OP, CONS, V)			\
68 void atomic_##NAME##_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v);
69 
70 int atomic_cmpset_int(volatile u_int *dst, u_int exp, u_int src);
71 
72 #define	ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(TYPE, LOP, SOP)			\
73 u_##TYPE	atomic_load_acq_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p);	\
74 void		atomic_store_rel_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v);
75 
76 #else /* !KLD_MODULE */
77 
78 /*
79  * For userland, assume the SMP case and use lock prefixes so that
80  * the binaries will run on both types of systems.
81  */
82 #if defined(SMP) || !defined(_KERNEL)
83 #define MPLOCKED	"lock ; "
84 #else
85 #define MPLOCKED
86 #endif
87 
88 /*
89  * The assembly is volatilized to demark potential before-and-after side
90  * effects if an interrupt or SMP collision were to occur.
91  */
92 #define ATOMIC_ASM(NAME, TYPE, OP, CONS, V)		\
93 static __inline void					\
94 atomic_##NAME##_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)\
95 {							\
96 	__asm __volatile(MPLOCKED OP			\
97 			 : "+m" (*p)			\
98 			 : CONS (V));			\
99 }
100 
101 /*
102  * Atomic compare and set, used by the mutex functions
103  *
104  * if (*dst == exp) *dst = src (all 32 bit words)
105  *
106  * Returns 0 on failure, non-zero on success
107  */
108 
109 #if defined(I386_CPU)
110 static __inline int
111 atomic_cmpset_int(volatile u_int *dst, u_int exp, u_int src)
112 {
113 	int res = exp;
114 
115 	__asm __volatile(
116 	"	pushfl ;		"
117 	"	cli ;			"
118 	"	cmpl	%0,%2 ;		"
119 	"	jne	1f ;		"
120 	"	movl	%1,%2 ;		"
121 	"1:				"
122 	"       sete	%%al;		"
123 	"	movzbl	%%al,%0 ;	"
124 	"	popfl ;			"
125 	"# atomic_cmpset_int"
126 	: "+a" (res)			/* 0 (result) */
127 	: "r" (src),			/* 1 */
128 	  "m" (*(dst))			/* 2 */
129 	: "memory");
130 
131 	return (res);
132 }
133 #else /* defined(I386_CPU) */
134 static __inline int
135 atomic_cmpset_int(volatile u_int *dst, u_int exp, u_int src)
136 {
137 	int res = exp;
138 
139 	__asm __volatile (
140 	"	" MPLOCKED "		"
141 	"	cmpxchgl %1,%2 ;	"
142 	"       setz	%%al ;		"
143 	"	movzbl	%%al,%0 ;	"
144 	"1:				"
145 	"# atomic_cmpset_int"
146 	: "+a" (res)			/* 0 (result) */
147 	: "r" (src),			/* 1 */
148 	  "m" (*(dst))			/* 2 */
149 	: "memory");
150 
151 	return (res);
152 }
153 #endif /* defined(I386_CPU) */
154 
155 #if defined(I386_CPU)
156 /*
157  * We assume that a = b will do atomic loads and stores.
158  *
159  * XXX: This is _NOT_ safe on a P6 or higher because it does not guarantee
160  * memory ordering.  These should only be used on a 386.
161  */
162 #define ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(TYPE, LOP, SOP)		\
163 static __inline u_##TYPE				\
164 atomic_load_acq_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p)		\
165 {							\
166 	return (*p);					\
167 }							\
168 							\
169 static __inline void					\
170 atomic_store_rel_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)\
171 {							\
172 	*p = v;						\
173 	__asm __volatile("" : : : "memory");		\
174 }
175 #else
176 
177 #define ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(TYPE, LOP, SOP)		\
178 static __inline u_##TYPE				\
179 atomic_load_acq_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p)		\
180 {							\
181 	u_##TYPE res;					\
182 							\
183 	__asm __volatile(MPLOCKED LOP			\
184 	: "=a" (res),			/* 0 (result) */\
185 	  "+m" (*p)			/* 1 */		\
186 	: : "memory");				 	\
187 							\
188 	return (res);					\
189 }							\
190 							\
191 /*							\
192  * The XCHG instruction asserts LOCK automagically.	\
193  */							\
194 static __inline void					\
195 atomic_store_rel_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)\
196 {							\
197 	__asm __volatile(SOP				\
198 	: "+m" (*p),			/* 0 */		\
199 	  "+r" (v)			/* 1 */		\
200 	: : "memory");				 	\
201 }
202 #endif	/* defined(I386_CPU) */
203 #endif /* KLD_MODULE */
204 
205 ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     char,  "orb %b1,%0",  "iq",  v)
206 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    char,  "andb %b1,%0", "iq", ~v)
207 ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     char,  "addb %b1,%0", "iq",  v)
208 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, char,  "subb %b1,%0", "iq",  v)
209 
210 ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     short, "orw %w1,%0",  "ir",  v)
211 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    short, "andw %w1,%0", "ir", ~v)
212 ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     short, "addw %w1,%0", "ir",  v)
213 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, short, "subw %w1,%0", "ir",  v)
214 
215 ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     int,   "orl %1,%0",   "ir",  v)
216 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    int,   "andl %1,%0",  "ir", ~v)
217 ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     int,   "addl %1,%0",  "ir",  v)
218 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, int,   "subl %1,%0",  "ir",  v)
219 
220 ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     long,  "orl %1,%0",   "ir",  v)
221 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    long,  "andl %1,%0",  "ir", ~v)
222 ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     long,  "addl %1,%0",  "ir",  v)
223 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, long,  "subl %1,%0",  "ir",  v)
224 
225 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(char,	"cmpxchgb %b0,%1", "xchgb %b1,%0")
226 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(short,"cmpxchgw %w0,%1", "xchgw %w1,%0")
227 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(int,	"cmpxchgl %0,%1",  "xchgl %1,%0")
228 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(long,	"cmpxchgl %0,%1",  "xchgl %1,%0")
229 
230 #undef ATOMIC_ASM
231 #undef ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD
232 
233 #define	atomic_set_acq_char		atomic_set_char
234 #define	atomic_set_rel_char		atomic_set_char
235 #define	atomic_clear_acq_char		atomic_clear_char
236 #define	atomic_clear_rel_char		atomic_clear_char
237 #define	atomic_add_acq_char		atomic_add_char
238 #define	atomic_add_rel_char		atomic_add_char
239 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_char	atomic_subtract_char
240 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_char	atomic_subtract_char
241 
242 #define	atomic_set_acq_short		atomic_set_short
243 #define	atomic_set_rel_short		atomic_set_short
244 #define	atomic_clear_acq_short		atomic_clear_short
245 #define	atomic_clear_rel_short		atomic_clear_short
246 #define	atomic_add_acq_short		atomic_add_short
247 #define	atomic_add_rel_short		atomic_add_short
248 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_short	atomic_subtract_short
249 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_short	atomic_subtract_short
250 
251 #define	atomic_set_acq_int		atomic_set_int
252 #define	atomic_set_rel_int		atomic_set_int
253 #define	atomic_clear_acq_int		atomic_clear_int
254 #define	atomic_clear_rel_int		atomic_clear_int
255 #define	atomic_add_acq_int		atomic_add_int
256 #define	atomic_add_rel_int		atomic_add_int
257 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_int		atomic_subtract_int
258 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_int		atomic_subtract_int
259 #define atomic_cmpset_acq_int		atomic_cmpset_int
260 #define atomic_cmpset_rel_int		atomic_cmpset_int
261 
262 #define	atomic_set_acq_long		atomic_set_long
263 #define	atomic_set_rel_long		atomic_set_long
264 #define	atomic_clear_acq_long		atomic_clear_long
265 #define	atomic_clear_rel_long		atomic_clear_long
266 #define	atomic_add_acq_long		atomic_add_long
267 #define	atomic_add_rel_long		atomic_add_long
268 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_long	atomic_subtract_long
269 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_long	atomic_subtract_long
270 #define	atomic_cmpset_long		atomic_cmpset_int
271 #define	atomic_cmpset_acq_long		atomic_cmpset_acq_int
272 #define	atomic_cmpset_rel_long		atomic_cmpset_rel_int
273 
274 #define atomic_cmpset_acq_ptr		atomic_cmpset_ptr
275 #define atomic_cmpset_rel_ptr		atomic_cmpset_ptr
276 
277 #define	atomic_set_8		atomic_set_char
278 #define	atomic_set_acq_8	atomic_set_acq_char
279 #define	atomic_set_rel_8	atomic_set_rel_char
280 #define	atomic_clear_8		atomic_clear_char
281 #define	atomic_clear_acq_8	atomic_clear_acq_char
282 #define	atomic_clear_rel_8	atomic_clear_rel_char
283 #define	atomic_add_8		atomic_add_char
284 #define	atomic_add_acq_8	atomic_add_acq_char
285 #define	atomic_add_rel_8	atomic_add_rel_char
286 #define	atomic_subtract_8	atomic_subtract_char
287 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_8	atomic_subtract_acq_char
288 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_8	atomic_subtract_rel_char
289 #define	atomic_load_acq_8	atomic_load_acq_char
290 #define	atomic_store_rel_8	atomic_store_rel_char
291 
292 #define	atomic_set_16		atomic_set_short
293 #define	atomic_set_acq_16	atomic_set_acq_short
294 #define	atomic_set_rel_16	atomic_set_rel_short
295 #define	atomic_clear_16		atomic_clear_short
296 #define	atomic_clear_acq_16	atomic_clear_acq_short
297 #define	atomic_clear_rel_16	atomic_clear_rel_short
298 #define	atomic_add_16		atomic_add_short
299 #define	atomic_add_acq_16	atomic_add_acq_short
300 #define	atomic_add_rel_16	atomic_add_rel_short
301 #define	atomic_subtract_16	atomic_subtract_short
302 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_16	atomic_subtract_acq_short
303 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_16	atomic_subtract_rel_short
304 #define	atomic_load_acq_16	atomic_load_acq_short
305 #define	atomic_store_rel_16	atomic_store_rel_short
306 
307 #define	atomic_set_32		atomic_set_int
308 #define	atomic_set_acq_32	atomic_set_acq_int
309 #define	atomic_set_rel_32	atomic_set_rel_int
310 #define	atomic_clear_32		atomic_clear_int
311 #define	atomic_clear_acq_32	atomic_clear_acq_int
312 #define	atomic_clear_rel_32	atomic_clear_rel_int
313 #define	atomic_add_32		atomic_add_int
314 #define	atomic_add_acq_32	atomic_add_acq_int
315 #define	atomic_add_rel_32	atomic_add_rel_int
316 #define	atomic_subtract_32	atomic_subtract_int
317 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_32	atomic_subtract_acq_int
318 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_32	atomic_subtract_rel_int
319 #define	atomic_load_acq_32	atomic_load_acq_int
320 #define	atomic_store_rel_32	atomic_store_rel_int
321 #define	atomic_cmpset_32	atomic_cmpset_int
322 #define	atomic_cmpset_acq_32	atomic_cmpset_acq_int
323 #define	atomic_cmpset_rel_32	atomic_cmpset_rel_int
324 #define	atomic_readandclear_32	atomic_readandclear_int
325 
326 #if !defined(WANT_FUNCTIONS)
327 static __inline int
328 atomic_cmpset_ptr(volatile void *dst, void *exp, void *src)
329 {
330 
331 	return (atomic_cmpset_int((volatile u_int *)dst, (u_int)exp,
332 	    (u_int)src));
333 }
334 
335 static __inline void *
336 atomic_load_acq_ptr(volatile void *p)
337 {
338 	return (void *)atomic_load_acq_int((volatile u_int *)p);
339 }
340 
341 static __inline void
342 atomic_store_rel_ptr(volatile void *p, void *v)
343 {
344 	atomic_store_rel_int((volatile u_int *)p, (u_int)v);
345 }
346 
347 #define ATOMIC_PTR(NAME)				\
348 static __inline void					\
349 atomic_##NAME##_ptr(volatile void *p, uintptr_t v)	\
350 {							\
351 	atomic_##NAME##_int((volatile u_int *)p, v);	\
352 }							\
353 							\
354 static __inline void					\
355 atomic_##NAME##_acq_ptr(volatile void *p, uintptr_t v)	\
356 {							\
357 	atomic_##NAME##_acq_int((volatile u_int *)p, v);\
358 }							\
359 							\
360 static __inline void					\
361 atomic_##NAME##_rel_ptr(volatile void *p, uintptr_t v)	\
362 {							\
363 	atomic_##NAME##_rel_int((volatile u_int *)p, v);\
364 }
365 
366 ATOMIC_PTR(set)
367 ATOMIC_PTR(clear)
368 ATOMIC_PTR(add)
369 ATOMIC_PTR(subtract)
370 
371 #undef ATOMIC_PTR
372 
373 static __inline u_int
374 atomic_readandclear_int(volatile u_int *addr)
375 {
376 	u_int result;
377 
378 	__asm __volatile (
379 	"	xorl	%0,%0 ;		"
380 	"	xchgl	%1,%0 ;		"
381 	"# atomic_readandclear_int"
382 	: "=&r" (result)		/* 0 (result) */
383 	: "m" (*addr));			/* 1 (addr) */
384 
385 	return (result);
386 }
387 
388 static __inline u_long
389 atomic_readandclear_long(volatile u_long *addr)
390 {
391 	u_long result;
392 
393 	__asm __volatile (
394 	"	xorl	%0,%0 ;		"
395 	"	xchgl	%1,%0 ;		"
396 	"# atomic_readandclear_int"
397 	: "=&r" (result)		/* 0 (result) */
398 	: "m" (*addr));			/* 1 (addr) */
399 
400 	return (result);
401 }
402 #endif	/* !defined(WANT_FUNCTIONS) */
403 #endif /* ! _MACHINE_ATOMIC_H_ */
404