xref: /freebsd/sys/i386/include/atomic.h (revision d888fc4e)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1998 Doug Rabson
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
15  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
17  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
18  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
19  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
20  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
21  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
22  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
23  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
24  * SUCH DAMAGE.
25  *
26  * $FreeBSD$
27  */
28 #ifndef _MACHINE_ATOMIC_H_
29 #define _MACHINE_ATOMIC_H_
30 
31 /*
32  * Various simple arithmetic on memory which is atomic in the presence
33  * of interrupts and multiple processors.
34  *
35  * atomic_set_char(P, V)	(*(u_char*)(P) |= (V))
36  * atomic_clear_char(P, V)	(*(u_char*)(P) &= ~(V))
37  * atomic_add_char(P, V)	(*(u_char*)(P) += (V))
38  * atomic_subtract_char(P, V)	(*(u_char*)(P) -= (V))
39  *
40  * atomic_set_short(P, V)	(*(u_short*)(P) |= (V))
41  * atomic_clear_short(P, V)	(*(u_short*)(P) &= ~(V))
42  * atomic_add_short(P, V)	(*(u_short*)(P) += (V))
43  * atomic_subtract_short(P, V)	(*(u_short*)(P) -= (V))
44  *
45  * atomic_set_int(P, V)		(*(u_int*)(P) |= (V))
46  * atomic_clear_int(P, V)	(*(u_int*)(P) &= ~(V))
47  * atomic_add_int(P, V)		(*(u_int*)(P) += (V))
48  * atomic_subtract_int(P, V)	(*(u_int*)(P) -= (V))
49  * atomic_readandclear_int(P)	(return  *(u_int*)P; *(u_int*)P = 0;)
50  *
51  * atomic_set_long(P, V)	(*(u_long*)(P) |= (V))
52  * atomic_clear_long(P, V)	(*(u_long*)(P) &= ~(V))
53  * atomic_add_long(P, V)	(*(u_long*)(P) += (V))
54  * atomic_subtract_long(P, V)	(*(u_long*)(P) -= (V))
55  * atomic_readandclear_long(P)	(return  *(u_long*)P; *(u_long*)P = 0;)
56  */
57 
58 /*
59  * The above functions are expanded inline in the statically-linked
60  * kernel.  Lock prefixes are generated if an SMP kernel is being
61  * built.
62  *
63  * Kernel modules call real functions which are built into the kernel.
64  * This allows kernel modules to be portable between UP and SMP systems.
65  */
66 #if defined(KLD_MODULE)
67 #define ATOMIC_ASM(NAME, TYPE, OP, V)			\
68 void atomic_##NAME##_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v);
69 
70 int atomic_cmpset_int(volatile u_int *dst, u_int exp, u_int src);
71 
72 #define	ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(TYPE, LOP, SOP)			\
73 u_##TYPE	atomic_load_acq_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p);	\
74 void		atomic_store_rel_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v);
75 
76 #else /* !KLD_MODULE */
77 
78 #if defined(SMP)
79 #if defined(LOCORE)
80 #define	MPLOCKED	lock ;
81 #else /* !LOCORE */
82 #define MPLOCKED	"lock ; "
83 #endif /* LOCORE */
84 #else /* !SMP */
85 #define MPLOCKED
86 #endif /* SMP */
87 
88 #if !defined(LOCORE)
89 /*
90  * The assembly is volatilized to demark potential before-and-after side
91  * effects if an interrupt or SMP collision were to occur.
92  */
93 #define ATOMIC_ASM(NAME, TYPE, OP, V)			\
94 static __inline void					\
95 atomic_##NAME##_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)\
96 {							\
97 	__asm __volatile(MPLOCKED OP			\
98 			 : "=m" (*p)			\
99 			 :  "0" (*p), "ir" (V)); 	\
100 }
101 
102 /*
103  * Atomic compare and set, used by the mutex functions
104  *
105  * if (*dst == exp) *dst = src (all 32 bit words)
106  *
107  * Returns 0 on failure, non-zero on success
108  */
109 
110 #if defined(I386_CPU)
111 static __inline int
112 atomic_cmpset_int(volatile u_int *dst, u_int exp, u_int src)
113 {
114 	int res = exp;
115 
116 	__asm __volatile(
117 	"	pushfl ;		"
118 	"	cli ;			"
119 	"	cmpl	%1,%3 ;		"
120 	"	jne	1f ;		"
121 	"	movl	%2,%3 ;		"
122 	"1:				"
123 	"       sete	%%al;		"
124 	"	movzbl	%%al,%0 ;	"
125 	"	popfl ;			"
126 	"# atomic_cmpset_int"
127 	: "=a" (res)			/* 0 (result) */
128 	: "0" (exp),			/* 1 */
129 	  "r" (src),			/* 2 */
130 	  "m" (*(dst))			/* 3 */
131 	: "memory");
132 
133 	return (res);
134 }
135 #else /* defined(I386_CPU) */
136 static __inline int
137 atomic_cmpset_int(volatile u_int *dst, u_int exp, u_int src)
138 {
139 	int res = exp;
140 
141 	__asm __volatile (
142 	"	" MPLOCKED "		"
143 	"	cmpxchgl %2,%3 ;	"
144 	"       setz	%%al ;		"
145 	"	movzbl	%%al,%0 ;	"
146 	"1:				"
147 	"# atomic_cmpset_int"
148 	: "=a" (res)			/* 0 (result) */
149 	: "0" (exp),			/* 1 */
150 	  "r" (src),			/* 2 */
151 	  "m" (*(dst))			/* 3 */
152 	: "memory");
153 
154 	return (res);
155 }
156 #endif /* defined(I386_CPU) */
157 
158 #if defined(I386_CPU)
159 /*
160  * We assume that a = b will do atomic loads and stores.
161  *
162  * XXX: This is _NOT_ safe on a P6 or higher because it does not guarantee
163  * memory ordering.  These should only be used on a 386.
164  */
165 #define ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(TYPE, LOP, SOP)		\
166 static __inline u_##TYPE				\
167 atomic_load_acq_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p)		\
168 {							\
169 	return (*p);					\
170 }							\
171 							\
172 static __inline void					\
173 atomic_store_rel_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)\
174 {							\
175 	*p = v;						\
176 	__asm __volatile("" : : : "memory");		\
177 }
178 #else
179 
180 #define ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(TYPE, LOP, SOP)		\
181 static __inline u_##TYPE				\
182 atomic_load_acq_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p)		\
183 {							\
184 	u_##TYPE res;					\
185 							\
186 	__asm __volatile(MPLOCKED LOP			\
187 	: "=a" (res),			/* 0 (result) */\
188 	  "+m" (*p)			/* 1 */		\
189 	: : "cc", "memory");			 	\
190 							\
191 	return (res);					\
192 }							\
193 							\
194 /*							\
195  * The XCHG instruction asserts LOCK automagically.	\
196  */							\
197 static __inline void					\
198 atomic_store_rel_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)\
199 {							\
200 	__asm __volatile(SOP				\
201 	: "+m" (*p),			/* 0 */		\
202 	  "+r" (v)			/* 1 */		\
203 	: : "memory");				 	\
204 }
205 #endif	/* defined(I386_CPU) */
206 #endif	/* !defined(LOCORE) */
207 #endif /* KLD_MODULE */
208 
209 #if !defined(LOCORE)
210 ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     char,  "orb %b2,%0",   v)
211 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    char,  "andb %b2,%0", ~v)
212 ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     char,  "addb %b2,%0",  v)
213 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, char,  "subb %b2,%0",  v)
214 
215 ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     short, "orw %w2,%0",   v)
216 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    short, "andw %w2,%0", ~v)
217 ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     short, "addw %w2,%0",  v)
218 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, short, "subw %w2,%0",  v)
219 
220 ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     int,   "orl %2,%0",   v)
221 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    int,   "andl %2,%0", ~v)
222 ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     int,   "addl %2,%0",  v)
223 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, int,   "subl %2,%0",  v)
224 
225 ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     long,  "orl %2,%0",   v)
226 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    long,  "andl %2,%0", ~v)
227 ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     long,  "addl %2,%0",  v)
228 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, long,  "subl %2,%0",  v)
229 
230 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(char,	"cmpxchgb %b0,%1", "xchgb %b1,%0")
231 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(short,"cmpxchgw %w0,%1", "xchgw %w1,%0")
232 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(int,	"cmpxchgl %0,%1",  "xchgl %1,%0")
233 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(long,	"cmpxchgl %0,%1",  "xchgl %1,%0")
234 
235 #undef ATOMIC_ASM
236 #undef ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD
237 
238 #define	atomic_set_acq_char		atomic_set_char
239 #define	atomic_set_rel_char		atomic_set_char
240 #define	atomic_clear_acq_char		atomic_clear_char
241 #define	atomic_clear_rel_char		atomic_clear_char
242 #define	atomic_add_acq_char		atomic_add_char
243 #define	atomic_add_rel_char		atomic_add_char
244 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_char	atomic_subtract_char
245 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_char	atomic_subtract_char
246 
247 #define	atomic_set_acq_short		atomic_set_short
248 #define	atomic_set_rel_short		atomic_set_short
249 #define	atomic_clear_acq_short		atomic_clear_short
250 #define	atomic_clear_rel_short		atomic_clear_short
251 #define	atomic_add_acq_short		atomic_add_short
252 #define	atomic_add_rel_short		atomic_add_short
253 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_short	atomic_subtract_short
254 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_short	atomic_subtract_short
255 
256 #define	atomic_set_acq_int		atomic_set_int
257 #define	atomic_set_rel_int		atomic_set_int
258 #define	atomic_clear_acq_int		atomic_clear_int
259 #define	atomic_clear_rel_int		atomic_clear_int
260 #define	atomic_add_acq_int		atomic_add_int
261 #define	atomic_add_rel_int		atomic_add_int
262 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_int		atomic_subtract_int
263 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_int		atomic_subtract_int
264 #define atomic_cmpset_acq_int		atomic_cmpset_int
265 #define atomic_cmpset_rel_int		atomic_cmpset_int
266 
267 #define	atomic_set_acq_long		atomic_set_long
268 #define	atomic_set_rel_long		atomic_set_long
269 #define	atomic_clear_acq_long		atomic_clear_long
270 #define	atomic_clear_rel_long		atomic_clear_long
271 #define	atomic_add_acq_long		atomic_add_long
272 #define	atomic_add_rel_long		atomic_add_long
273 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_long	atomic_subtract_long
274 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_long	atomic_subtract_long
275 #define	atomic_cmpset_long		atomic_cmpset_int
276 #define	atomic_cmpset_acq_long		atomic_cmpset_acq_int
277 #define	atomic_cmpset_rel_long		atomic_cmpset_rel_int
278 
279 #define atomic_cmpset_acq_ptr		atomic_cmpset_ptr
280 #define atomic_cmpset_rel_ptr		atomic_cmpset_ptr
281 
282 #define	atomic_set_8		atomic_set_char
283 #define	atomic_set_acq_8	atomic_set_acq_char
284 #define	atomic_set_rel_8	atomic_set_rel_char
285 #define	atomic_clear_8		atomic_clear_char
286 #define	atomic_clear_acq_8	atomic_clear_acq_char
287 #define	atomic_clear_rel_8	atomic_clear_rel_char
288 #define	atomic_add_8		atomic_add_char
289 #define	atomic_add_acq_8	atomic_add_acq_char
290 #define	atomic_add_rel_8	atomic_add_rel_char
291 #define	atomic_subtract_8	atomic_subtract_char
292 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_8	atomic_subtract_acq_char
293 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_8	atomic_subtract_rel_char
294 #define	atomic_load_acq_8	atomic_load_acq_char
295 #define	atomic_store_rel_8	atomic_store_rel_char
296 
297 #define	atomic_set_16		atomic_set_short
298 #define	atomic_set_acq_16	atomic_set_acq_short
299 #define	atomic_set_rel_16	atomic_set_rel_short
300 #define	atomic_clear_16		atomic_clear_short
301 #define	atomic_clear_acq_16	atomic_clear_acq_short
302 #define	atomic_clear_rel_16	atomic_clear_rel_short
303 #define	atomic_add_16		atomic_add_short
304 #define	atomic_add_acq_16	atomic_add_acq_short
305 #define	atomic_add_rel_16	atomic_add_rel_short
306 #define	atomic_subtract_16	atomic_subtract_short
307 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_16	atomic_subtract_acq_short
308 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_16	atomic_subtract_rel_short
309 #define	atomic_load_acq_16	atomic_load_acq_short
310 #define	atomic_store_rel_16	atomic_store_rel_short
311 
312 #define	atomic_set_32		atomic_set_int
313 #define	atomic_set_acq_32	atomic_set_acq_int
314 #define	atomic_set_rel_32	atomic_set_rel_int
315 #define	atomic_clear_32		atomic_clear_int
316 #define	atomic_clear_acq_32	atomic_clear_acq_int
317 #define	atomic_clear_rel_32	atomic_clear_rel_int
318 #define	atomic_add_32		atomic_add_int
319 #define	atomic_add_acq_32	atomic_add_acq_int
320 #define	atomic_add_rel_32	atomic_add_rel_int
321 #define	atomic_subtract_32	atomic_subtract_int
322 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_32	atomic_subtract_acq_int
323 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_32	atomic_subtract_rel_int
324 #define	atomic_load_acq_32	atomic_load_acq_int
325 #define	atomic_store_rel_32	atomic_store_rel_int
326 #define	atomic_cmpset_32	atomic_cmpset_int
327 #define	atomic_cmpset_acq_32	atomic_cmpset_acq_int
328 #define	atomic_cmpset_rel_32	atomic_cmpset_rel_int
329 #define	atomic_readandclear_32	atomic_readandclear_int
330 
331 #if !defined(WANT_FUNCTIONS)
332 static __inline int
333 atomic_cmpset_ptr(volatile void *dst, void *exp, void *src)
334 {
335 
336 	return (atomic_cmpset_int((volatile u_int *)dst, (u_int)exp,
337 	    (u_int)src));
338 }
339 
340 static __inline void *
341 atomic_load_acq_ptr(volatile void *p)
342 {
343 	return (void *)atomic_load_acq_int((volatile u_int *)p);
344 }
345 
346 static __inline void
347 atomic_store_rel_ptr(volatile void *p, void *v)
348 {
349 	atomic_store_rel_int((volatile u_int *)p, (u_int)v);
350 }
351 
352 #define ATOMIC_PTR(NAME)				\
353 static __inline void					\
354 atomic_##NAME##_ptr(volatile void *p, uintptr_t v)	\
355 {							\
356 	atomic_##NAME##_int((volatile u_int *)p, v);	\
357 }							\
358 							\
359 static __inline void					\
360 atomic_##NAME##_acq_ptr(volatile void *p, uintptr_t v)	\
361 {							\
362 	atomic_##NAME##_acq_int((volatile u_int *)p, v);\
363 }							\
364 							\
365 static __inline void					\
366 atomic_##NAME##_rel_ptr(volatile void *p, uintptr_t v)	\
367 {							\
368 	atomic_##NAME##_rel_int((volatile u_int *)p, v);\
369 }
370 
371 ATOMIC_PTR(set)
372 ATOMIC_PTR(clear)
373 ATOMIC_PTR(add)
374 ATOMIC_PTR(subtract)
375 
376 #undef ATOMIC_PTR
377 
378 static __inline u_int
379 atomic_readandclear_int(volatile u_int *addr)
380 {
381 	u_int result;
382 
383 	__asm __volatile (
384 	"	xorl	%0,%0 ;		"
385 	"	xchgl	%1,%0 ;		"
386 	"# atomic_readandclear_int"
387 	: "=&r" (result)		/* 0 (result) */
388 	: "m" (*addr));			/* 1 (addr) */
389 
390 	return (result);
391 }
392 
393 static __inline u_long
394 atomic_readandclear_long(volatile u_long *addr)
395 {
396 	u_long result;
397 
398 	__asm __volatile (
399 	"	xorl	%0,%0 ;		"
400 	"	xchgl	%1,%0 ;		"
401 	"# atomic_readandclear_int"
402 	: "=&r" (result)		/* 0 (result) */
403 	: "m" (*addr));			/* 1 (addr) */
404 
405 	return (result);
406 }
407 #endif	/* !defined(WANT_FUNCTIONS) */
408 #endif	/* !defined(LOCORE) */
409 #endif /* ! _MACHINE_ATOMIC_H_ */
410