xref: /freebsd/sys/kern/imgact_elf.c (revision c1d255d3)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2017 Dell EMC
5  * Copyright (c) 2000-2001, 2003 David O'Brien
6  * Copyright (c) 1995-1996 Søren Schmidt
7  * Copyright (c) 1996 Peter Wemm
8  * All rights reserved.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
15  *    in this position and unchanged.
16  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19  * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
20  *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission
21  *
22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
24  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
25  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
26  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
27  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
28  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
29  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
30  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
31  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
32  */
33 
34 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
35 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
36 
37 #include "opt_capsicum.h"
38 
39 #include <sys/param.h>
40 #include <sys/capsicum.h>
41 #include <sys/compressor.h>
42 #include <sys/exec.h>
43 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
44 #include <sys/imgact.h>
45 #include <sys/imgact_elf.h>
46 #include <sys/jail.h>
47 #include <sys/kernel.h>
48 #include <sys/lock.h>
49 #include <sys/malloc.h>
50 #include <sys/mount.h>
51 #include <sys/mman.h>
52 #include <sys/namei.h>
53 #include <sys/proc.h>
54 #include <sys/procfs.h>
55 #include <sys/ptrace.h>
56 #include <sys/racct.h>
57 #include <sys/reg.h>
58 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
59 #include <sys/rwlock.h>
60 #include <sys/sbuf.h>
61 #include <sys/sf_buf.h>
62 #include <sys/smp.h>
63 #include <sys/systm.h>
64 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
65 #include <sys/stat.h>
66 #include <sys/sx.h>
67 #include <sys/syscall.h>
68 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
69 #include <sys/sysent.h>
70 #include <sys/vnode.h>
71 #include <sys/syslog.h>
72 #include <sys/eventhandler.h>
73 #include <sys/user.h>
74 
75 #include <vm/vm.h>
76 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
77 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
78 #include <vm/pmap.h>
79 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
80 #include <vm/vm_object.h>
81 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
82 
83 #include <machine/elf.h>
84 #include <machine/md_var.h>
85 
86 #define ELF_NOTE_ROUNDSIZE	4
87 #define OLD_EI_BRAND	8
88 
89 static int __elfN(check_header)(const Elf_Ehdr *hdr);
90 static Elf_Brandinfo *__elfN(get_brandinfo)(struct image_params *imgp,
91     const char *interp, int32_t *osrel, uint32_t *fctl0);
92 static int __elfN(load_file)(struct proc *p, const char *file, u_long *addr,
93     u_long *entry);
94 static int __elfN(load_section)(struct image_params *imgp, vm_ooffset_t offset,
95     caddr_t vmaddr, size_t memsz, size_t filsz, vm_prot_t prot);
96 static int __CONCAT(exec_, __elfN(imgact))(struct image_params *imgp);
97 static bool __elfN(freebsd_trans_osrel)(const Elf_Note *note,
98     int32_t *osrel);
99 static bool kfreebsd_trans_osrel(const Elf_Note *note, int32_t *osrel);
100 static boolean_t __elfN(check_note)(struct image_params *imgp,
101     Elf_Brandnote *checknote, int32_t *osrel, boolean_t *has_fctl0,
102     uint32_t *fctl0);
103 static vm_prot_t __elfN(trans_prot)(Elf_Word);
104 static Elf_Word __elfN(untrans_prot)(vm_prot_t);
105 
106 SYSCTL_NODE(_kern, OID_AUTO, __CONCAT(elf, __ELF_WORD_SIZE),
107     CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, 0,
108     "");
109 
110 int __elfN(fallback_brand) = -1;
111 SYSCTL_INT(__CONCAT(_kern_elf, __ELF_WORD_SIZE), OID_AUTO,
112     fallback_brand, CTLFLAG_RWTUN, &__elfN(fallback_brand), 0,
113     __XSTRING(__CONCAT(ELF, __ELF_WORD_SIZE)) " brand of last resort");
114 
115 static int elf_legacy_coredump = 0;
116 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, __elfN(legacy_coredump), CTLFLAG_RW,
117     &elf_legacy_coredump, 0,
118     "include all and only RW pages in core dumps");
119 
120 int __elfN(nxstack) =
121 #if defined(__amd64__) || defined(__powerpc64__) /* both 64 and 32 bit */ || \
122     (defined(__arm__) && __ARM_ARCH >= 7) || defined(__aarch64__) || \
123     defined(__riscv)
124 	1;
125 #else
126 	0;
127 #endif
128 SYSCTL_INT(__CONCAT(_kern_elf, __ELF_WORD_SIZE), OID_AUTO,
129     nxstack, CTLFLAG_RW, &__elfN(nxstack), 0,
130     __XSTRING(__CONCAT(ELF, __ELF_WORD_SIZE)) ": enable non-executable stack");
131 
132 #if __ELF_WORD_SIZE == 32 && (defined(__amd64__) || defined(__i386__))
133 int i386_read_exec = 0;
134 SYSCTL_INT(_kern_elf32, OID_AUTO, read_exec, CTLFLAG_RW, &i386_read_exec, 0,
135     "enable execution from readable segments");
136 #endif
137 
138 static u_long __elfN(pie_base) = ET_DYN_LOAD_ADDR;
139 static int
140 sysctl_pie_base(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
141 {
142 	u_long val;
143 	int error;
144 
145 	val = __elfN(pie_base);
146 	error = sysctl_handle_long(oidp, &val, 0, req);
147 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
148 		return (error);
149 	if ((val & PAGE_MASK) != 0)
150 		return (EINVAL);
151 	__elfN(pie_base) = val;
152 	return (0);
153 }
154 SYSCTL_PROC(__CONCAT(_kern_elf, __ELF_WORD_SIZE), OID_AUTO, pie_base,
155     CTLTYPE_ULONG | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE | CTLFLAG_RW, NULL, 0,
156     sysctl_pie_base, "LU",
157     "PIE load base without randomization");
158 
159 SYSCTL_NODE(__CONCAT(_kern_elf, __ELF_WORD_SIZE), OID_AUTO, aslr,
160     CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, 0,
161     "");
162 #define	ASLR_NODE_OID	__CONCAT(__CONCAT(_kern_elf, __ELF_WORD_SIZE), _aslr)
163 
164 static int __elfN(aslr_enabled) = 0;
165 SYSCTL_INT(ASLR_NODE_OID, OID_AUTO, enable, CTLFLAG_RWTUN,
166     &__elfN(aslr_enabled), 0,
167     __XSTRING(__CONCAT(ELF, __ELF_WORD_SIZE))
168     ": enable address map randomization");
169 
170 static int __elfN(pie_aslr_enabled) = 0;
171 SYSCTL_INT(ASLR_NODE_OID, OID_AUTO, pie_enable, CTLFLAG_RWTUN,
172     &__elfN(pie_aslr_enabled), 0,
173     __XSTRING(__CONCAT(ELF, __ELF_WORD_SIZE))
174     ": enable address map randomization for PIE binaries");
175 
176 static int __elfN(aslr_honor_sbrk) = 1;
177 SYSCTL_INT(ASLR_NODE_OID, OID_AUTO, honor_sbrk, CTLFLAG_RW,
178     &__elfN(aslr_honor_sbrk), 0,
179     __XSTRING(__CONCAT(ELF, __ELF_WORD_SIZE)) ": assume sbrk is used");
180 
181 static int __elfN(aslr_stack_gap) = 3;
182 SYSCTL_INT(ASLR_NODE_OID, OID_AUTO, stack_gap, CTLFLAG_RW,
183     &__elfN(aslr_stack_gap), 0,
184     __XSTRING(__CONCAT(ELF, __ELF_WORD_SIZE))
185     ": maximum percentage of main stack to waste on a random gap");
186 
187 static int __elfN(sigfastblock) = 1;
188 SYSCTL_INT(__CONCAT(_kern_elf, __ELF_WORD_SIZE), OID_AUTO, sigfastblock,
189     CTLFLAG_RWTUN, &__elfN(sigfastblock), 0,
190     "enable sigfastblock for new processes");
191 
192 static bool __elfN(allow_wx) = true;
193 SYSCTL_BOOL(__CONCAT(_kern_elf, __ELF_WORD_SIZE), OID_AUTO, allow_wx,
194     CTLFLAG_RWTUN, &__elfN(allow_wx), 0,
195     "Allow pages to be mapped simultaneously writable and executable");
196 
197 static Elf_Brandinfo *elf_brand_list[MAX_BRANDS];
198 
199 #define	aligned(a, t)	(rounddown2((u_long)(a), sizeof(t)) == (u_long)(a))
200 
201 Elf_Brandnote __elfN(freebsd_brandnote) = {
202 	.hdr.n_namesz	= sizeof(FREEBSD_ABI_VENDOR),
203 	.hdr.n_descsz	= sizeof(int32_t),
204 	.hdr.n_type	= NT_FREEBSD_ABI_TAG,
205 	.vendor		= FREEBSD_ABI_VENDOR,
206 	.flags		= BN_TRANSLATE_OSREL,
207 	.trans_osrel	= __elfN(freebsd_trans_osrel)
208 };
209 
210 static bool
211 __elfN(freebsd_trans_osrel)(const Elf_Note *note, int32_t *osrel)
212 {
213 	uintptr_t p;
214 
215 	p = (uintptr_t)(note + 1);
216 	p += roundup2(note->n_namesz, ELF_NOTE_ROUNDSIZE);
217 	*osrel = *(const int32_t *)(p);
218 
219 	return (true);
220 }
221 
222 static const char GNU_ABI_VENDOR[] = "GNU";
223 static int GNU_KFREEBSD_ABI_DESC = 3;
224 
225 Elf_Brandnote __elfN(kfreebsd_brandnote) = {
226 	.hdr.n_namesz	= sizeof(GNU_ABI_VENDOR),
227 	.hdr.n_descsz	= 16,	/* XXX at least 16 */
228 	.hdr.n_type	= 1,
229 	.vendor		= GNU_ABI_VENDOR,
230 	.flags		= BN_TRANSLATE_OSREL,
231 	.trans_osrel	= kfreebsd_trans_osrel
232 };
233 
234 static bool
235 kfreebsd_trans_osrel(const Elf_Note *note, int32_t *osrel)
236 {
237 	const Elf32_Word *desc;
238 	uintptr_t p;
239 
240 	p = (uintptr_t)(note + 1);
241 	p += roundup2(note->n_namesz, ELF_NOTE_ROUNDSIZE);
242 
243 	desc = (const Elf32_Word *)p;
244 	if (desc[0] != GNU_KFREEBSD_ABI_DESC)
245 		return (false);
246 
247 	/*
248 	 * Debian GNU/kFreeBSD embed the earliest compatible kernel version
249 	 * (__FreeBSD_version: <major><two digit minor>Rxx) in the LSB way.
250 	 */
251 	*osrel = desc[1] * 100000 + desc[2] * 1000 + desc[3];
252 
253 	return (true);
254 }
255 
256 int
257 __elfN(insert_brand_entry)(Elf_Brandinfo *entry)
258 {
259 	int i;
260 
261 	for (i = 0; i < MAX_BRANDS; i++) {
262 		if (elf_brand_list[i] == NULL) {
263 			elf_brand_list[i] = entry;
264 			break;
265 		}
266 	}
267 	if (i == MAX_BRANDS) {
268 		printf("WARNING: %s: could not insert brandinfo entry: %p\n",
269 			__func__, entry);
270 		return (-1);
271 	}
272 	return (0);
273 }
274 
275 int
276 __elfN(remove_brand_entry)(Elf_Brandinfo *entry)
277 {
278 	int i;
279 
280 	for (i = 0; i < MAX_BRANDS; i++) {
281 		if (elf_brand_list[i] == entry) {
282 			elf_brand_list[i] = NULL;
283 			break;
284 		}
285 	}
286 	if (i == MAX_BRANDS)
287 		return (-1);
288 	return (0);
289 }
290 
291 int
292 __elfN(brand_inuse)(Elf_Brandinfo *entry)
293 {
294 	struct proc *p;
295 	int rval = FALSE;
296 
297 	sx_slock(&allproc_lock);
298 	FOREACH_PROC_IN_SYSTEM(p) {
299 		if (p->p_sysent == entry->sysvec) {
300 			rval = TRUE;
301 			break;
302 		}
303 	}
304 	sx_sunlock(&allproc_lock);
305 
306 	return (rval);
307 }
308 
309 static Elf_Brandinfo *
310 __elfN(get_brandinfo)(struct image_params *imgp, const char *interp,
311     int32_t *osrel, uint32_t *fctl0)
312 {
313 	const Elf_Ehdr *hdr = (const Elf_Ehdr *)imgp->image_header;
314 	Elf_Brandinfo *bi, *bi_m;
315 	boolean_t ret, has_fctl0;
316 	int i, interp_name_len;
317 
318 	interp_name_len = interp != NULL ? strlen(interp) + 1 : 0;
319 
320 	/*
321 	 * We support four types of branding -- (1) the ELF EI_OSABI field
322 	 * that SCO added to the ELF spec, (2) FreeBSD 3.x's traditional string
323 	 * branding w/in the ELF header, (3) path of the `interp_path'
324 	 * field, and (4) the ".note.ABI-tag" ELF section.
325 	 */
326 
327 	/* Look for an ".note.ABI-tag" ELF section */
328 	bi_m = NULL;
329 	for (i = 0; i < MAX_BRANDS; i++) {
330 		bi = elf_brand_list[i];
331 		if (bi == NULL)
332 			continue;
333 		if (interp != NULL && (bi->flags & BI_BRAND_ONLY_STATIC) != 0)
334 			continue;
335 		if (hdr->e_machine == bi->machine && (bi->flags &
336 		    (BI_BRAND_NOTE|BI_BRAND_NOTE_MANDATORY)) != 0) {
337 			has_fctl0 = false;
338 			*fctl0 = 0;
339 			*osrel = 0;
340 			ret = __elfN(check_note)(imgp, bi->brand_note, osrel,
341 			    &has_fctl0, fctl0);
342 			/* Give brand a chance to veto check_note's guess */
343 			if (ret && bi->header_supported) {
344 				ret = bi->header_supported(imgp, osrel,
345 				    has_fctl0 ? fctl0 : NULL);
346 			}
347 			/*
348 			 * If note checker claimed the binary, but the
349 			 * interpreter path in the image does not
350 			 * match default one for the brand, try to
351 			 * search for other brands with the same
352 			 * interpreter.  Either there is better brand
353 			 * with the right interpreter, or, failing
354 			 * this, we return first brand which accepted
355 			 * our note and, optionally, header.
356 			 */
357 			if (ret && bi_m == NULL && interp != NULL &&
358 			    (bi->interp_path == NULL ||
359 			    (strlen(bi->interp_path) + 1 != interp_name_len ||
360 			    strncmp(interp, bi->interp_path, interp_name_len)
361 			    != 0))) {
362 				bi_m = bi;
363 				ret = 0;
364 			}
365 			if (ret)
366 				return (bi);
367 		}
368 	}
369 	if (bi_m != NULL)
370 		return (bi_m);
371 
372 	/* If the executable has a brand, search for it in the brand list. */
373 	for (i = 0; i < MAX_BRANDS; i++) {
374 		bi = elf_brand_list[i];
375 		if (bi == NULL || (bi->flags & BI_BRAND_NOTE_MANDATORY) != 0 ||
376 		    (interp != NULL && (bi->flags & BI_BRAND_ONLY_STATIC) != 0))
377 			continue;
378 		if (hdr->e_machine == bi->machine &&
379 		    (hdr->e_ident[EI_OSABI] == bi->brand ||
380 		    (bi->compat_3_brand != NULL &&
381 		    strcmp((const char *)&hdr->e_ident[OLD_EI_BRAND],
382 		    bi->compat_3_brand) == 0))) {
383 			/* Looks good, but give brand a chance to veto */
384 			if (bi->header_supported == NULL ||
385 			    bi->header_supported(imgp, NULL, NULL)) {
386 				/*
387 				 * Again, prefer strictly matching
388 				 * interpreter path.
389 				 */
390 				if (interp_name_len == 0 &&
391 				    bi->interp_path == NULL)
392 					return (bi);
393 				if (bi->interp_path != NULL &&
394 				    strlen(bi->interp_path) + 1 ==
395 				    interp_name_len && strncmp(interp,
396 				    bi->interp_path, interp_name_len) == 0)
397 					return (bi);
398 				if (bi_m == NULL)
399 					bi_m = bi;
400 			}
401 		}
402 	}
403 	if (bi_m != NULL)
404 		return (bi_m);
405 
406 	/* No known brand, see if the header is recognized by any brand */
407 	for (i = 0; i < MAX_BRANDS; i++) {
408 		bi = elf_brand_list[i];
409 		if (bi == NULL || bi->flags & BI_BRAND_NOTE_MANDATORY ||
410 		    bi->header_supported == NULL)
411 			continue;
412 		if (hdr->e_machine == bi->machine) {
413 			ret = bi->header_supported(imgp, NULL, NULL);
414 			if (ret)
415 				return (bi);
416 		}
417 	}
418 
419 	/* Lacking a known brand, search for a recognized interpreter. */
420 	if (interp != NULL) {
421 		for (i = 0; i < MAX_BRANDS; i++) {
422 			bi = elf_brand_list[i];
423 			if (bi == NULL || (bi->flags &
424 			    (BI_BRAND_NOTE_MANDATORY | BI_BRAND_ONLY_STATIC))
425 			    != 0)
426 				continue;
427 			if (hdr->e_machine == bi->machine &&
428 			    bi->interp_path != NULL &&
429 			    /* ELF image p_filesz includes terminating zero */
430 			    strlen(bi->interp_path) + 1 == interp_name_len &&
431 			    strncmp(interp, bi->interp_path, interp_name_len)
432 			    == 0 && (bi->header_supported == NULL ||
433 			    bi->header_supported(imgp, NULL, NULL)))
434 				return (bi);
435 		}
436 	}
437 
438 	/* Lacking a recognized interpreter, try the default brand */
439 	for (i = 0; i < MAX_BRANDS; i++) {
440 		bi = elf_brand_list[i];
441 		if (bi == NULL || (bi->flags & BI_BRAND_NOTE_MANDATORY) != 0 ||
442 		    (interp != NULL && (bi->flags & BI_BRAND_ONLY_STATIC) != 0))
443 			continue;
444 		if (hdr->e_machine == bi->machine &&
445 		    __elfN(fallback_brand) == bi->brand &&
446 		    (bi->header_supported == NULL ||
447 		    bi->header_supported(imgp, NULL, NULL)))
448 			return (bi);
449 	}
450 	return (NULL);
451 }
452 
453 static bool
454 __elfN(phdr_in_zero_page)(const Elf_Ehdr *hdr)
455 {
456 	return (hdr->e_phoff <= PAGE_SIZE &&
457 	    (u_int)hdr->e_phentsize * hdr->e_phnum <= PAGE_SIZE - hdr->e_phoff);
458 }
459 
460 static int
461 __elfN(check_header)(const Elf_Ehdr *hdr)
462 {
463 	Elf_Brandinfo *bi;
464 	int i;
465 
466 	if (!IS_ELF(*hdr) ||
467 	    hdr->e_ident[EI_CLASS] != ELF_TARG_CLASS ||
468 	    hdr->e_ident[EI_DATA] != ELF_TARG_DATA ||
469 	    hdr->e_ident[EI_VERSION] != EV_CURRENT ||
470 	    hdr->e_phentsize != sizeof(Elf_Phdr) ||
471 	    hdr->e_version != ELF_TARG_VER)
472 		return (ENOEXEC);
473 
474 	/*
475 	 * Make sure we have at least one brand for this machine.
476 	 */
477 
478 	for (i = 0; i < MAX_BRANDS; i++) {
479 		bi = elf_brand_list[i];
480 		if (bi != NULL && bi->machine == hdr->e_machine)
481 			break;
482 	}
483 	if (i == MAX_BRANDS)
484 		return (ENOEXEC);
485 
486 	return (0);
487 }
488 
489 static int
490 __elfN(map_partial)(vm_map_t map, vm_object_t object, vm_ooffset_t offset,
491     vm_offset_t start, vm_offset_t end, vm_prot_t prot)
492 {
493 	struct sf_buf *sf;
494 	int error;
495 	vm_offset_t off;
496 
497 	/*
498 	 * Create the page if it doesn't exist yet. Ignore errors.
499 	 */
500 	vm_map_fixed(map, NULL, 0, trunc_page(start), round_page(end) -
501 	    trunc_page(start), VM_PROT_ALL, VM_PROT_ALL, MAP_CHECK_EXCL);
502 
503 	/*
504 	 * Find the page from the underlying object.
505 	 */
506 	if (object != NULL) {
507 		sf = vm_imgact_map_page(object, offset);
508 		if (sf == NULL)
509 			return (KERN_FAILURE);
510 		off = offset - trunc_page(offset);
511 		error = copyout((caddr_t)sf_buf_kva(sf) + off, (caddr_t)start,
512 		    end - start);
513 		vm_imgact_unmap_page(sf);
514 		if (error != 0)
515 			return (KERN_FAILURE);
516 	}
517 
518 	return (KERN_SUCCESS);
519 }
520 
521 static int
522 __elfN(map_insert)(struct image_params *imgp, vm_map_t map, vm_object_t object,
523     vm_ooffset_t offset, vm_offset_t start, vm_offset_t end, vm_prot_t prot,
524     int cow)
525 {
526 	struct sf_buf *sf;
527 	vm_offset_t off;
528 	vm_size_t sz;
529 	int error, locked, rv;
530 
531 	if (start != trunc_page(start)) {
532 		rv = __elfN(map_partial)(map, object, offset, start,
533 		    round_page(start), prot);
534 		if (rv != KERN_SUCCESS)
535 			return (rv);
536 		offset += round_page(start) - start;
537 		start = round_page(start);
538 	}
539 	if (end != round_page(end)) {
540 		rv = __elfN(map_partial)(map, object, offset +
541 		    trunc_page(end) - start, trunc_page(end), end, prot);
542 		if (rv != KERN_SUCCESS)
543 			return (rv);
544 		end = trunc_page(end);
545 	}
546 	if (start >= end)
547 		return (KERN_SUCCESS);
548 	if ((offset & PAGE_MASK) != 0) {
549 		/*
550 		 * The mapping is not page aligned.  This means that we have
551 		 * to copy the data.
552 		 */
553 		rv = vm_map_fixed(map, NULL, 0, start, end - start,
554 		    prot | VM_PROT_WRITE, VM_PROT_ALL, MAP_CHECK_EXCL);
555 		if (rv != KERN_SUCCESS)
556 			return (rv);
557 		if (object == NULL)
558 			return (KERN_SUCCESS);
559 		for (; start < end; start += sz) {
560 			sf = vm_imgact_map_page(object, offset);
561 			if (sf == NULL)
562 				return (KERN_FAILURE);
563 			off = offset - trunc_page(offset);
564 			sz = end - start;
565 			if (sz > PAGE_SIZE - off)
566 				sz = PAGE_SIZE - off;
567 			error = copyout((caddr_t)sf_buf_kva(sf) + off,
568 			    (caddr_t)start, sz);
569 			vm_imgact_unmap_page(sf);
570 			if (error != 0)
571 				return (KERN_FAILURE);
572 			offset += sz;
573 		}
574 	} else {
575 		vm_object_reference(object);
576 		rv = vm_map_fixed(map, object, offset, start, end - start,
577 		    prot, VM_PROT_ALL, cow | MAP_CHECK_EXCL |
578 		    (object != NULL ? MAP_VN_EXEC : 0));
579 		if (rv != KERN_SUCCESS) {
580 			locked = VOP_ISLOCKED(imgp->vp);
581 			VOP_UNLOCK(imgp->vp);
582 			vm_object_deallocate(object);
583 			vn_lock(imgp->vp, locked | LK_RETRY);
584 			return (rv);
585 		} else if (object != NULL) {
586 			MPASS(imgp->vp->v_object == object);
587 			VOP_SET_TEXT_CHECKED(imgp->vp);
588 		}
589 	}
590 	return (KERN_SUCCESS);
591 }
592 
593 static int
594 __elfN(load_section)(struct image_params *imgp, vm_ooffset_t offset,
595     caddr_t vmaddr, size_t memsz, size_t filsz, vm_prot_t prot)
596 {
597 	struct sf_buf *sf;
598 	size_t map_len;
599 	vm_map_t map;
600 	vm_object_t object;
601 	vm_offset_t map_addr;
602 	int error, rv, cow;
603 	size_t copy_len;
604 	vm_ooffset_t file_addr;
605 
606 	/*
607 	 * It's necessary to fail if the filsz + offset taken from the
608 	 * header is greater than the actual file pager object's size.
609 	 * If we were to allow this, then the vm_map_find() below would
610 	 * walk right off the end of the file object and into the ether.
611 	 *
612 	 * While I'm here, might as well check for something else that
613 	 * is invalid: filsz cannot be greater than memsz.
614 	 */
615 	if ((filsz != 0 && (off_t)filsz + offset > imgp->attr->va_size) ||
616 	    filsz > memsz) {
617 		uprintf("elf_load_section: truncated ELF file\n");
618 		return (ENOEXEC);
619 	}
620 
621 	object = imgp->object;
622 	map = &imgp->proc->p_vmspace->vm_map;
623 	map_addr = trunc_page((vm_offset_t)vmaddr);
624 	file_addr = trunc_page(offset);
625 
626 	/*
627 	 * We have two choices.  We can either clear the data in the last page
628 	 * of an oversized mapping, or we can start the anon mapping a page
629 	 * early and copy the initialized data into that first page.  We
630 	 * choose the second.
631 	 */
632 	if (filsz == 0)
633 		map_len = 0;
634 	else if (memsz > filsz)
635 		map_len = trunc_page(offset + filsz) - file_addr;
636 	else
637 		map_len = round_page(offset + filsz) - file_addr;
638 
639 	if (map_len != 0) {
640 		/* cow flags: don't dump readonly sections in core */
641 		cow = MAP_COPY_ON_WRITE | MAP_PREFAULT |
642 		    (prot & VM_PROT_WRITE ? 0 : MAP_DISABLE_COREDUMP);
643 
644 		rv = __elfN(map_insert)(imgp, map, object, file_addr,
645 		    map_addr, map_addr + map_len, prot, cow);
646 		if (rv != KERN_SUCCESS)
647 			return (EINVAL);
648 
649 		/* we can stop now if we've covered it all */
650 		if (memsz == filsz)
651 			return (0);
652 	}
653 
654 	/*
655 	 * We have to get the remaining bit of the file into the first part
656 	 * of the oversized map segment.  This is normally because the .data
657 	 * segment in the file is extended to provide bss.  It's a neat idea
658 	 * to try and save a page, but it's a pain in the behind to implement.
659 	 */
660 	copy_len = filsz == 0 ? 0 : (offset + filsz) - trunc_page(offset +
661 	    filsz);
662 	map_addr = trunc_page((vm_offset_t)vmaddr + filsz);
663 	map_len = round_page((vm_offset_t)vmaddr + memsz) - map_addr;
664 
665 	/* This had damn well better be true! */
666 	if (map_len != 0) {
667 		rv = __elfN(map_insert)(imgp, map, NULL, 0, map_addr,
668 		    map_addr + map_len, prot, 0);
669 		if (rv != KERN_SUCCESS)
670 			return (EINVAL);
671 	}
672 
673 	if (copy_len != 0) {
674 		sf = vm_imgact_map_page(object, offset + filsz);
675 		if (sf == NULL)
676 			return (EIO);
677 
678 		/* send the page fragment to user space */
679 		error = copyout((caddr_t)sf_buf_kva(sf), (caddr_t)map_addr,
680 		    copy_len);
681 		vm_imgact_unmap_page(sf);
682 		if (error != 0)
683 			return (error);
684 	}
685 
686 	/*
687 	 * Remove write access to the page if it was only granted by map_insert
688 	 * to allow copyout.
689 	 */
690 	if ((prot & VM_PROT_WRITE) == 0)
691 		vm_map_protect(map, trunc_page(map_addr), round_page(map_addr +
692 		    map_len), prot, 0, VM_MAP_PROTECT_SET_PROT);
693 
694 	return (0);
695 }
696 
697 static int
698 __elfN(load_sections)(struct image_params *imgp, const Elf_Ehdr *hdr,
699     const Elf_Phdr *phdr, u_long rbase, u_long *base_addrp)
700 {
701 	vm_prot_t prot;
702 	u_long base_addr;
703 	bool first;
704 	int error, i;
705 
706 	ASSERT_VOP_LOCKED(imgp->vp, __func__);
707 
708 	base_addr = 0;
709 	first = true;
710 
711 	for (i = 0; i < hdr->e_phnum; i++) {
712 		if (phdr[i].p_type != PT_LOAD || phdr[i].p_memsz == 0)
713 			continue;
714 
715 		/* Loadable segment */
716 		prot = __elfN(trans_prot)(phdr[i].p_flags);
717 		error = __elfN(load_section)(imgp, phdr[i].p_offset,
718 		    (caddr_t)(uintptr_t)phdr[i].p_vaddr + rbase,
719 		    phdr[i].p_memsz, phdr[i].p_filesz, prot);
720 		if (error != 0)
721 			return (error);
722 
723 		/*
724 		 * Establish the base address if this is the first segment.
725 		 */
726 		if (first) {
727   			base_addr = trunc_page(phdr[i].p_vaddr + rbase);
728 			first = false;
729 		}
730 	}
731 
732 	if (base_addrp != NULL)
733 		*base_addrp = base_addr;
734 
735 	return (0);
736 }
737 
738 /*
739  * Load the file "file" into memory.  It may be either a shared object
740  * or an executable.
741  *
742  * The "addr" reference parameter is in/out.  On entry, it specifies
743  * the address where a shared object should be loaded.  If the file is
744  * an executable, this value is ignored.  On exit, "addr" specifies
745  * where the file was actually loaded.
746  *
747  * The "entry" reference parameter is out only.  On exit, it specifies
748  * the entry point for the loaded file.
749  */
750 static int
751 __elfN(load_file)(struct proc *p, const char *file, u_long *addr,
752 	u_long *entry)
753 {
754 	struct {
755 		struct nameidata nd;
756 		struct vattr attr;
757 		struct image_params image_params;
758 	} *tempdata;
759 	const Elf_Ehdr *hdr = NULL;
760 	const Elf_Phdr *phdr = NULL;
761 	struct nameidata *nd;
762 	struct vattr *attr;
763 	struct image_params *imgp;
764 	u_long rbase;
765 	u_long base_addr = 0;
766 	int error;
767 
768 #ifdef CAPABILITY_MODE
769 	/*
770 	 * XXXJA: This check can go away once we are sufficiently confident
771 	 * that the checks in namei() are correct.
772 	 */
773 	if (IN_CAPABILITY_MODE(curthread))
774 		return (ECAPMODE);
775 #endif
776 
777 	tempdata = malloc(sizeof(*tempdata), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
778 	nd = &tempdata->nd;
779 	attr = &tempdata->attr;
780 	imgp = &tempdata->image_params;
781 
782 	/*
783 	 * Initialize part of the common data
784 	 */
785 	imgp->proc = p;
786 	imgp->attr = attr;
787 
788 	NDINIT(nd, LOOKUP, ISOPEN | FOLLOW | LOCKSHARED | LOCKLEAF,
789 	    UIO_SYSSPACE, file, curthread);
790 	if ((error = namei(nd)) != 0) {
791 		nd->ni_vp = NULL;
792 		goto fail;
793 	}
794 	NDFREE(nd, NDF_ONLY_PNBUF);
795 	imgp->vp = nd->ni_vp;
796 
797 	/*
798 	 * Check permissions, modes, uid, etc on the file, and "open" it.
799 	 */
800 	error = exec_check_permissions(imgp);
801 	if (error)
802 		goto fail;
803 
804 	error = exec_map_first_page(imgp);
805 	if (error)
806 		goto fail;
807 
808 	imgp->object = nd->ni_vp->v_object;
809 
810 	hdr = (const Elf_Ehdr *)imgp->image_header;
811 	if ((error = __elfN(check_header)(hdr)) != 0)
812 		goto fail;
813 	if (hdr->e_type == ET_DYN)
814 		rbase = *addr;
815 	else if (hdr->e_type == ET_EXEC)
816 		rbase = 0;
817 	else {
818 		error = ENOEXEC;
819 		goto fail;
820 	}
821 
822 	/* Only support headers that fit within first page for now      */
823 	if (!__elfN(phdr_in_zero_page)(hdr)) {
824 		error = ENOEXEC;
825 		goto fail;
826 	}
827 
828 	phdr = (const Elf_Phdr *)(imgp->image_header + hdr->e_phoff);
829 	if (!aligned(phdr, Elf_Addr)) {
830 		error = ENOEXEC;
831 		goto fail;
832 	}
833 
834 	error = __elfN(load_sections)(imgp, hdr, phdr, rbase, &base_addr);
835 	if (error != 0)
836 		goto fail;
837 
838 	*addr = base_addr;
839 	*entry = (unsigned long)hdr->e_entry + rbase;
840 
841 fail:
842 	if (imgp->firstpage)
843 		exec_unmap_first_page(imgp);
844 
845 	if (nd->ni_vp) {
846 		if (imgp->textset)
847 			VOP_UNSET_TEXT_CHECKED(nd->ni_vp);
848 		vput(nd->ni_vp);
849 	}
850 	free(tempdata, M_TEMP);
851 
852 	return (error);
853 }
854 
855 static u_long
856 __CONCAT(rnd_, __elfN(base))(vm_map_t map __unused, u_long minv, u_long maxv,
857     u_int align)
858 {
859 	u_long rbase, res;
860 
861 	MPASS(vm_map_min(map) <= minv);
862 	MPASS(maxv <= vm_map_max(map));
863 	MPASS(minv < maxv);
864 	MPASS(minv + align < maxv);
865 	arc4rand(&rbase, sizeof(rbase), 0);
866 	res = roundup(minv, (u_long)align) + rbase % (maxv - minv);
867 	res &= ~((u_long)align - 1);
868 	if (res >= maxv)
869 		res -= align;
870 	KASSERT(res >= minv,
871 	    ("res %#lx < minv %#lx, maxv %#lx rbase %#lx",
872 	    res, minv, maxv, rbase));
873 	KASSERT(res < maxv,
874 	    ("res %#lx > maxv %#lx, minv %#lx rbase %#lx",
875 	    res, maxv, minv, rbase));
876 	return (res);
877 }
878 
879 static int
880 __elfN(enforce_limits)(struct image_params *imgp, const Elf_Ehdr *hdr,
881     const Elf_Phdr *phdr, u_long et_dyn_addr)
882 {
883 	struct vmspace *vmspace;
884 	const char *err_str;
885 	u_long text_size, data_size, total_size, text_addr, data_addr;
886 	u_long seg_size, seg_addr;
887 	int i;
888 
889 	err_str = NULL;
890 	text_size = data_size = total_size = text_addr = data_addr = 0;
891 
892 	for (i = 0; i < hdr->e_phnum; i++) {
893 		if (phdr[i].p_type != PT_LOAD || phdr[i].p_memsz == 0)
894 			continue;
895 
896 		seg_addr = trunc_page(phdr[i].p_vaddr + et_dyn_addr);
897 		seg_size = round_page(phdr[i].p_memsz +
898 		    phdr[i].p_vaddr + et_dyn_addr - seg_addr);
899 
900 		/*
901 		 * Make the largest executable segment the official
902 		 * text segment and all others data.
903 		 *
904 		 * Note that obreak() assumes that data_addr + data_size == end
905 		 * of data load area, and the ELF file format expects segments
906 		 * to be sorted by address.  If multiple data segments exist,
907 		 * the last one will be used.
908 		 */
909 
910 		if ((phdr[i].p_flags & PF_X) != 0 && text_size < seg_size) {
911 			text_size = seg_size;
912 			text_addr = seg_addr;
913 		} else {
914 			data_size = seg_size;
915 			data_addr = seg_addr;
916 		}
917 		total_size += seg_size;
918 	}
919 
920 	if (data_addr == 0 && data_size == 0) {
921 		data_addr = text_addr;
922 		data_size = text_size;
923 	}
924 
925 	/*
926 	 * Check limits.  It should be safe to check the
927 	 * limits after loading the segments since we do
928 	 * not actually fault in all the segments pages.
929 	 */
930 	PROC_LOCK(imgp->proc);
931 	if (data_size > lim_cur_proc(imgp->proc, RLIMIT_DATA))
932 		err_str = "Data segment size exceeds process limit";
933 	else if (text_size > maxtsiz)
934 		err_str = "Text segment size exceeds system limit";
935 	else if (total_size > lim_cur_proc(imgp->proc, RLIMIT_VMEM))
936 		err_str = "Total segment size exceeds process limit";
937 	else if (racct_set(imgp->proc, RACCT_DATA, data_size) != 0)
938 		err_str = "Data segment size exceeds resource limit";
939 	else if (racct_set(imgp->proc, RACCT_VMEM, total_size) != 0)
940 		err_str = "Total segment size exceeds resource limit";
941 	PROC_UNLOCK(imgp->proc);
942 	if (err_str != NULL) {
943 		uprintf("%s\n", err_str);
944 		return (ENOMEM);
945 	}
946 
947 	vmspace = imgp->proc->p_vmspace;
948 	vmspace->vm_tsize = text_size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
949 	vmspace->vm_taddr = (caddr_t)(uintptr_t)text_addr;
950 	vmspace->vm_dsize = data_size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
951 	vmspace->vm_daddr = (caddr_t)(uintptr_t)data_addr;
952 
953 	return (0);
954 }
955 
956 static int
957 __elfN(get_interp)(struct image_params *imgp, const Elf_Phdr *phdr,
958     char **interpp, bool *free_interpp)
959 {
960 	struct thread *td;
961 	char *interp;
962 	int error, interp_name_len;
963 
964 	KASSERT(phdr->p_type == PT_INTERP,
965 	    ("%s: p_type %u != PT_INTERP", __func__, phdr->p_type));
966 	ASSERT_VOP_LOCKED(imgp->vp, __func__);
967 
968 	td = curthread;
969 
970 	/* Path to interpreter */
971 	if (phdr->p_filesz < 2 || phdr->p_filesz > MAXPATHLEN) {
972 		uprintf("Invalid PT_INTERP\n");
973 		return (ENOEXEC);
974 	}
975 
976 	interp_name_len = phdr->p_filesz;
977 	if (phdr->p_offset > PAGE_SIZE ||
978 	    interp_name_len > PAGE_SIZE - phdr->p_offset) {
979 		/*
980 		 * The vnode lock might be needed by the pagedaemon to
981 		 * clean pages owned by the vnode.  Do not allow sleep
982 		 * waiting for memory with the vnode locked, instead
983 		 * try non-sleepable allocation first, and if it
984 		 * fails, go to the slow path were we drop the lock
985 		 * and do M_WAITOK.  A text reference prevents
986 		 * modifications to the vnode content.
987 		 */
988 		interp = malloc(interp_name_len + 1, M_TEMP, M_NOWAIT);
989 		if (interp == NULL) {
990 			VOP_UNLOCK(imgp->vp);
991 			interp = malloc(interp_name_len + 1, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
992 			vn_lock(imgp->vp, LK_SHARED | LK_RETRY);
993 		}
994 
995 		error = vn_rdwr(UIO_READ, imgp->vp, interp,
996 		    interp_name_len, phdr->p_offset,
997 		    UIO_SYSSPACE, IO_NODELOCKED, td->td_ucred,
998 		    NOCRED, NULL, td);
999 		if (error != 0) {
1000 			free(interp, M_TEMP);
1001 			uprintf("i/o error PT_INTERP %d\n", error);
1002 			return (error);
1003 		}
1004 		interp[interp_name_len] = '\0';
1005 
1006 		*interpp = interp;
1007 		*free_interpp = true;
1008 		return (0);
1009 	}
1010 
1011 	interp = __DECONST(char *, imgp->image_header) + phdr->p_offset;
1012 	if (interp[interp_name_len - 1] != '\0') {
1013 		uprintf("Invalid PT_INTERP\n");
1014 		return (ENOEXEC);
1015 	}
1016 
1017 	*interpp = interp;
1018 	*free_interpp = false;
1019 	return (0);
1020 }
1021 
1022 static int
1023 __elfN(load_interp)(struct image_params *imgp, const Elf_Brandinfo *brand_info,
1024     const char *interp, u_long *addr, u_long *entry)
1025 {
1026 	char *path;
1027 	int error;
1028 
1029 	if (brand_info->emul_path != NULL &&
1030 	    brand_info->emul_path[0] != '\0') {
1031 		path = malloc(MAXPATHLEN, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
1032 		snprintf(path, MAXPATHLEN, "%s%s",
1033 		    brand_info->emul_path, interp);
1034 		error = __elfN(load_file)(imgp->proc, path, addr, entry);
1035 		free(path, M_TEMP);
1036 		if (error == 0)
1037 			return (0);
1038 	}
1039 
1040 	if (brand_info->interp_newpath != NULL &&
1041 	    (brand_info->interp_path == NULL ||
1042 	    strcmp(interp, brand_info->interp_path) == 0)) {
1043 		error = __elfN(load_file)(imgp->proc,
1044 		    brand_info->interp_newpath, addr, entry);
1045 		if (error == 0)
1046 			return (0);
1047 	}
1048 
1049 	error = __elfN(load_file)(imgp->proc, interp, addr, entry);
1050 	if (error == 0)
1051 		return (0);
1052 
1053 	uprintf("ELF interpreter %s not found, error %d\n", interp, error);
1054 	return (error);
1055 }
1056 
1057 /*
1058  * Impossible et_dyn_addr initial value indicating that the real base
1059  * must be calculated later with some randomization applied.
1060  */
1061 #define	ET_DYN_ADDR_RAND	1
1062 
1063 static int
1064 __CONCAT(exec_, __elfN(imgact))(struct image_params *imgp)
1065 {
1066 	struct thread *td;
1067 	const Elf_Ehdr *hdr;
1068 	const Elf_Phdr *phdr;
1069 	Elf_Auxargs *elf_auxargs;
1070 	struct vmspace *vmspace;
1071 	vm_map_t map;
1072 	char *interp;
1073 	Elf_Brandinfo *brand_info;
1074 	struct sysentvec *sv;
1075 	u_long addr, baddr, et_dyn_addr, entry, proghdr;
1076 	u_long maxalign, mapsz, maxv, maxv1;
1077 	uint32_t fctl0;
1078 	int32_t osrel;
1079 	bool free_interp;
1080 	int error, i, n;
1081 
1082 	hdr = (const Elf_Ehdr *)imgp->image_header;
1083 
1084 	/*
1085 	 * Do we have a valid ELF header ?
1086 	 *
1087 	 * Only allow ET_EXEC & ET_DYN here, reject ET_DYN later
1088 	 * if particular brand doesn't support it.
1089 	 */
1090 	if (__elfN(check_header)(hdr) != 0 ||
1091 	    (hdr->e_type != ET_EXEC && hdr->e_type != ET_DYN))
1092 		return (-1);
1093 
1094 	/*
1095 	 * From here on down, we return an errno, not -1, as we've
1096 	 * detected an ELF file.
1097 	 */
1098 
1099 	if (!__elfN(phdr_in_zero_page)(hdr)) {
1100 		uprintf("Program headers not in the first page\n");
1101 		return (ENOEXEC);
1102 	}
1103 	phdr = (const Elf_Phdr *)(imgp->image_header + hdr->e_phoff);
1104 	if (!aligned(phdr, Elf_Addr)) {
1105 		uprintf("Unaligned program headers\n");
1106 		return (ENOEXEC);
1107 	}
1108 
1109 	n = error = 0;
1110 	baddr = 0;
1111 	osrel = 0;
1112 	fctl0 = 0;
1113 	entry = proghdr = 0;
1114 	interp = NULL;
1115 	free_interp = false;
1116 	td = curthread;
1117 	maxalign = PAGE_SIZE;
1118 	mapsz = 0;
1119 
1120 	for (i = 0; i < hdr->e_phnum; i++) {
1121 		switch (phdr[i].p_type) {
1122 		case PT_LOAD:
1123 			if (n == 0)
1124 				baddr = phdr[i].p_vaddr;
1125 			if (phdr[i].p_align > maxalign)
1126 				maxalign = phdr[i].p_align;
1127 			mapsz += phdr[i].p_memsz;
1128 			n++;
1129 
1130 			/*
1131 			 * If this segment contains the program headers,
1132 			 * remember their virtual address for the AT_PHDR
1133 			 * aux entry. Static binaries don't usually include
1134 			 * a PT_PHDR entry.
1135 			 */
1136 			if (phdr[i].p_offset == 0 &&
1137 			    hdr->e_phoff + hdr->e_phnum * hdr->e_phentsize
1138 				<= phdr[i].p_filesz)
1139 				proghdr = phdr[i].p_vaddr + hdr->e_phoff;
1140 			break;
1141 		case PT_INTERP:
1142 			/* Path to interpreter */
1143 			if (interp != NULL) {
1144 				uprintf("Multiple PT_INTERP headers\n");
1145 				error = ENOEXEC;
1146 				goto ret;
1147 			}
1148 			error = __elfN(get_interp)(imgp, &phdr[i], &interp,
1149 			    &free_interp);
1150 			if (error != 0)
1151 				goto ret;
1152 			break;
1153 		case PT_GNU_STACK:
1154 			if (__elfN(nxstack))
1155 				imgp->stack_prot =
1156 				    __elfN(trans_prot)(phdr[i].p_flags);
1157 			imgp->stack_sz = phdr[i].p_memsz;
1158 			break;
1159 		case PT_PHDR: 	/* Program header table info */
1160 			proghdr = phdr[i].p_vaddr;
1161 			break;
1162 		}
1163 	}
1164 
1165 	brand_info = __elfN(get_brandinfo)(imgp, interp, &osrel, &fctl0);
1166 	if (brand_info == NULL) {
1167 		uprintf("ELF binary type \"%u\" not known.\n",
1168 		    hdr->e_ident[EI_OSABI]);
1169 		error = ENOEXEC;
1170 		goto ret;
1171 	}
1172 	sv = brand_info->sysvec;
1173 	et_dyn_addr = 0;
1174 	if (hdr->e_type == ET_DYN) {
1175 		if ((brand_info->flags & BI_CAN_EXEC_DYN) == 0) {
1176 			uprintf("Cannot execute shared object\n");
1177 			error = ENOEXEC;
1178 			goto ret;
1179 		}
1180 		/*
1181 		 * Honour the base load address from the dso if it is
1182 		 * non-zero for some reason.
1183 		 */
1184 		if (baddr == 0) {
1185 			if ((sv->sv_flags & SV_ASLR) == 0 ||
1186 			    (fctl0 & NT_FREEBSD_FCTL_ASLR_DISABLE) != 0)
1187 				et_dyn_addr = __elfN(pie_base);
1188 			else if ((__elfN(pie_aslr_enabled) &&
1189 			    (imgp->proc->p_flag2 & P2_ASLR_DISABLE) == 0) ||
1190 			    (imgp->proc->p_flag2 & P2_ASLR_ENABLE) != 0)
1191 				et_dyn_addr = ET_DYN_ADDR_RAND;
1192 			else
1193 				et_dyn_addr = __elfN(pie_base);
1194 		}
1195 	}
1196 
1197 	/*
1198 	 * Avoid a possible deadlock if the current address space is destroyed
1199 	 * and that address space maps the locked vnode.  In the common case,
1200 	 * the locked vnode's v_usecount is decremented but remains greater
1201 	 * than zero.  Consequently, the vnode lock is not needed by vrele().
1202 	 * However, in cases where the vnode lock is external, such as nullfs,
1203 	 * v_usecount may become zero.
1204 	 *
1205 	 * The VV_TEXT flag prevents modifications to the executable while
1206 	 * the vnode is unlocked.
1207 	 */
1208 	VOP_UNLOCK(imgp->vp);
1209 
1210 	/*
1211 	 * Decide whether to enable randomization of user mappings.
1212 	 * First, reset user preferences for the setid binaries.
1213 	 * Then, account for the support of the randomization by the
1214 	 * ABI, by user preferences, and make special treatment for
1215 	 * PIE binaries.
1216 	 */
1217 	if (imgp->credential_setid) {
1218 		PROC_LOCK(imgp->proc);
1219 		imgp->proc->p_flag2 &= ~(P2_ASLR_ENABLE | P2_ASLR_DISABLE);
1220 		PROC_UNLOCK(imgp->proc);
1221 	}
1222 	if ((sv->sv_flags & SV_ASLR) == 0 ||
1223 	    (imgp->proc->p_flag2 & P2_ASLR_DISABLE) != 0 ||
1224 	    (fctl0 & NT_FREEBSD_FCTL_ASLR_DISABLE) != 0) {
1225 		KASSERT(et_dyn_addr != ET_DYN_ADDR_RAND,
1226 		    ("et_dyn_addr == RAND and !ASLR"));
1227 	} else if ((imgp->proc->p_flag2 & P2_ASLR_ENABLE) != 0 ||
1228 	    (__elfN(aslr_enabled) && hdr->e_type == ET_EXEC) ||
1229 	    et_dyn_addr == ET_DYN_ADDR_RAND) {
1230 		imgp->map_flags |= MAP_ASLR;
1231 		/*
1232 		 * If user does not care about sbrk, utilize the bss
1233 		 * grow region for mappings as well.  We can select
1234 		 * the base for the image anywere and still not suffer
1235 		 * from the fragmentation.
1236 		 */
1237 		if (!__elfN(aslr_honor_sbrk) ||
1238 		    (imgp->proc->p_flag2 & P2_ASLR_IGNSTART) != 0)
1239 			imgp->map_flags |= MAP_ASLR_IGNSTART;
1240 	}
1241 
1242 	if (!__elfN(allow_wx) && (fctl0 & NT_FREEBSD_FCTL_WXNEEDED) == 0)
1243 		imgp->map_flags |= MAP_WXORX;
1244 
1245 	error = exec_new_vmspace(imgp, sv);
1246 	vmspace = imgp->proc->p_vmspace;
1247 	map = &vmspace->vm_map;
1248 
1249 	imgp->proc->p_sysent = sv;
1250 	imgp->proc->p_elf_brandinfo = brand_info;
1251 
1252 	maxv = vm_map_max(map) - lim_max(td, RLIMIT_STACK);
1253 	if (et_dyn_addr == ET_DYN_ADDR_RAND) {
1254 		KASSERT((map->flags & MAP_ASLR) != 0,
1255 		    ("ET_DYN_ADDR_RAND but !MAP_ASLR"));
1256 		et_dyn_addr = __CONCAT(rnd_, __elfN(base))(map,
1257 		    vm_map_min(map) + mapsz + lim_max(td, RLIMIT_DATA),
1258 		    /* reserve half of the address space to interpreter */
1259 		    maxv / 2, 1UL << flsl(maxalign));
1260 	}
1261 
1262 	vn_lock(imgp->vp, LK_SHARED | LK_RETRY);
1263 	if (error != 0)
1264 		goto ret;
1265 
1266 	error = __elfN(load_sections)(imgp, hdr, phdr, et_dyn_addr, NULL);
1267 	if (error != 0)
1268 		goto ret;
1269 
1270 	error = __elfN(enforce_limits)(imgp, hdr, phdr, et_dyn_addr);
1271 	if (error != 0)
1272 		goto ret;
1273 
1274 	entry = (u_long)hdr->e_entry + et_dyn_addr;
1275 
1276 	/*
1277 	 * We load the dynamic linker where a userland call
1278 	 * to mmap(0, ...) would put it.  The rationale behind this
1279 	 * calculation is that it leaves room for the heap to grow to
1280 	 * its maximum allowed size.
1281 	 */
1282 	addr = round_page((vm_offset_t)vmspace->vm_daddr + lim_max(td,
1283 	    RLIMIT_DATA));
1284 	if ((map->flags & MAP_ASLR) != 0) {
1285 		maxv1 = maxv / 2 + addr / 2;
1286 		MPASS(maxv1 >= addr);	/* No overflow */
1287 		map->anon_loc = __CONCAT(rnd_, __elfN(base))(map, addr, maxv1,
1288 		    (MAXPAGESIZES > 1 && pagesizes[1] != 0) ?
1289 		    pagesizes[1] : pagesizes[0]);
1290 	} else {
1291 		map->anon_loc = addr;
1292 	}
1293 
1294 	imgp->entry_addr = entry;
1295 
1296 	if (interp != NULL) {
1297 		VOP_UNLOCK(imgp->vp);
1298 		if ((map->flags & MAP_ASLR) != 0) {
1299 			/* Assume that interpreter fits into 1/4 of AS */
1300 			maxv1 = maxv / 2 + addr / 2;
1301 			MPASS(maxv1 >= addr);	/* No overflow */
1302 			addr = __CONCAT(rnd_, __elfN(base))(map, addr,
1303 			    maxv1, PAGE_SIZE);
1304 		}
1305 		error = __elfN(load_interp)(imgp, brand_info, interp, &addr,
1306 		    &imgp->entry_addr);
1307 		vn_lock(imgp->vp, LK_SHARED | LK_RETRY);
1308 		if (error != 0)
1309 			goto ret;
1310 	} else
1311 		addr = et_dyn_addr;
1312 
1313 	/*
1314 	 * Construct auxargs table (used by the copyout_auxargs routine)
1315 	 */
1316 	elf_auxargs = malloc(sizeof(Elf_Auxargs), M_TEMP, M_NOWAIT);
1317 	if (elf_auxargs == NULL) {
1318 		VOP_UNLOCK(imgp->vp);
1319 		elf_auxargs = malloc(sizeof(Elf_Auxargs), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
1320 		vn_lock(imgp->vp, LK_SHARED | LK_RETRY);
1321 	}
1322 	elf_auxargs->execfd = -1;
1323 	elf_auxargs->phdr = proghdr + et_dyn_addr;
1324 	elf_auxargs->phent = hdr->e_phentsize;
1325 	elf_auxargs->phnum = hdr->e_phnum;
1326 	elf_auxargs->pagesz = PAGE_SIZE;
1327 	elf_auxargs->base = addr;
1328 	elf_auxargs->flags = 0;
1329 	elf_auxargs->entry = entry;
1330 	elf_auxargs->hdr_eflags = hdr->e_flags;
1331 
1332 	imgp->auxargs = elf_auxargs;
1333 	imgp->interpreted = 0;
1334 	imgp->reloc_base = addr;
1335 	imgp->proc->p_osrel = osrel;
1336 	imgp->proc->p_fctl0 = fctl0;
1337 	imgp->proc->p_elf_flags = hdr->e_flags;
1338 
1339 ret:
1340 	if (free_interp)
1341 		free(interp, M_TEMP);
1342 	return (error);
1343 }
1344 
1345 #define	elf_suword __CONCAT(suword, __ELF_WORD_SIZE)
1346 
1347 int
1348 __elfN(freebsd_copyout_auxargs)(struct image_params *imgp, uintptr_t base)
1349 {
1350 	Elf_Auxargs *args = (Elf_Auxargs *)imgp->auxargs;
1351 	Elf_Auxinfo *argarray, *pos;
1352 	int error;
1353 
1354 	argarray = pos = malloc(AT_COUNT * sizeof(*pos), M_TEMP,
1355 	    M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
1356 
1357 	if (args->execfd != -1)
1358 		AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_EXECFD, args->execfd);
1359 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_PHDR, args->phdr);
1360 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_PHENT, args->phent);
1361 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_PHNUM, args->phnum);
1362 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_PAGESZ, args->pagesz);
1363 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_FLAGS, args->flags);
1364 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_ENTRY, args->entry);
1365 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_BASE, args->base);
1366 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_EHDRFLAGS, args->hdr_eflags);
1367 	if (imgp->execpathp != 0)
1368 		AUXARGS_ENTRY_PTR(pos, AT_EXECPATH, imgp->execpathp);
1369 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_OSRELDATE,
1370 	    imgp->proc->p_ucred->cr_prison->pr_osreldate);
1371 	if (imgp->canary != 0) {
1372 		AUXARGS_ENTRY_PTR(pos, AT_CANARY, imgp->canary);
1373 		AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_CANARYLEN, imgp->canarylen);
1374 	}
1375 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_NCPUS, mp_ncpus);
1376 	if (imgp->pagesizes != 0) {
1377 		AUXARGS_ENTRY_PTR(pos, AT_PAGESIZES, imgp->pagesizes);
1378 		AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_PAGESIZESLEN, imgp->pagesizeslen);
1379 	}
1380 	if (imgp->sysent->sv_timekeep_base != 0) {
1381 		AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_TIMEKEEP,
1382 		    imgp->sysent->sv_timekeep_base);
1383 	}
1384 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_STACKPROT, imgp->sysent->sv_shared_page_obj
1385 	    != NULL && imgp->stack_prot != 0 ? imgp->stack_prot :
1386 	    imgp->sysent->sv_stackprot);
1387 	if (imgp->sysent->sv_hwcap != NULL)
1388 		AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_HWCAP, *imgp->sysent->sv_hwcap);
1389 	if (imgp->sysent->sv_hwcap2 != NULL)
1390 		AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_HWCAP2, *imgp->sysent->sv_hwcap2);
1391 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_BSDFLAGS, __elfN(sigfastblock) ?
1392 	    ELF_BSDF_SIGFASTBLK : 0);
1393 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_ARGC, imgp->args->argc);
1394 	AUXARGS_ENTRY_PTR(pos, AT_ARGV, imgp->argv);
1395 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_ENVC, imgp->args->envc);
1396 	AUXARGS_ENTRY_PTR(pos, AT_ENVV, imgp->envv);
1397 	AUXARGS_ENTRY_PTR(pos, AT_PS_STRINGS, imgp->ps_strings);
1398 	if (imgp->sysent->sv_fxrng_gen_base != 0)
1399 		AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_FXRNG, imgp->sysent->sv_fxrng_gen_base);
1400 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_NULL, 0);
1401 
1402 	free(imgp->auxargs, M_TEMP);
1403 	imgp->auxargs = NULL;
1404 	KASSERT(pos - argarray <= AT_COUNT, ("Too many auxargs"));
1405 
1406 	error = copyout(argarray, (void *)base, sizeof(*argarray) * AT_COUNT);
1407 	free(argarray, M_TEMP);
1408 	return (error);
1409 }
1410 
1411 int
1412 __elfN(freebsd_fixup)(uintptr_t *stack_base, struct image_params *imgp)
1413 {
1414 	Elf_Addr *base;
1415 
1416 	base = (Elf_Addr *)*stack_base;
1417 	base--;
1418 	if (elf_suword(base, imgp->args->argc) == -1)
1419 		return (EFAULT);
1420 	*stack_base = (uintptr_t)base;
1421 	return (0);
1422 }
1423 
1424 /*
1425  * Code for generating ELF core dumps.
1426  */
1427 
1428 typedef void (*segment_callback)(vm_map_entry_t, void *);
1429 
1430 /* Closure for cb_put_phdr(). */
1431 struct phdr_closure {
1432 	Elf_Phdr *phdr;		/* Program header to fill in */
1433 	Elf_Off offset;		/* Offset of segment in core file */
1434 };
1435 
1436 struct note_info {
1437 	int		type;		/* Note type. */
1438 	outfunc_t 	outfunc; 	/* Output function. */
1439 	void		*outarg;	/* Argument for the output function. */
1440 	size_t		outsize;	/* Output size. */
1441 	TAILQ_ENTRY(note_info) link;	/* Link to the next note info. */
1442 };
1443 
1444 TAILQ_HEAD(note_info_list, note_info);
1445 
1446 extern int compress_user_cores;
1447 extern int compress_user_cores_level;
1448 
1449 static void cb_put_phdr(vm_map_entry_t, void *);
1450 static void cb_size_segment(vm_map_entry_t, void *);
1451 static void each_dumpable_segment(struct thread *, segment_callback, void *,
1452     int);
1453 static int __elfN(corehdr)(struct coredump_params *, int, void *, size_t,
1454     struct note_info_list *, size_t, int);
1455 static void __elfN(putnote)(struct thread *td, struct note_info *, struct sbuf *);
1456 
1457 static void __elfN(note_fpregset)(void *, struct sbuf *, size_t *);
1458 static void __elfN(note_prpsinfo)(void *, struct sbuf *, size_t *);
1459 static void __elfN(note_prstatus)(void *, struct sbuf *, size_t *);
1460 static void __elfN(note_threadmd)(void *, struct sbuf *, size_t *);
1461 static void __elfN(note_thrmisc)(void *, struct sbuf *, size_t *);
1462 static void __elfN(note_ptlwpinfo)(void *, struct sbuf *, size_t *);
1463 static void __elfN(note_procstat_auxv)(void *, struct sbuf *, size_t *);
1464 static void __elfN(note_procstat_proc)(void *, struct sbuf *, size_t *);
1465 static void __elfN(note_procstat_psstrings)(void *, struct sbuf *, size_t *);
1466 static void note_procstat_files(void *, struct sbuf *, size_t *);
1467 static void note_procstat_groups(void *, struct sbuf *, size_t *);
1468 static void note_procstat_osrel(void *, struct sbuf *, size_t *);
1469 static void note_procstat_rlimit(void *, struct sbuf *, size_t *);
1470 static void note_procstat_umask(void *, struct sbuf *, size_t *);
1471 static void note_procstat_vmmap(void *, struct sbuf *, size_t *);
1472 
1473 static int
1474 core_compressed_write(void *base, size_t len, off_t offset, void *arg)
1475 {
1476 
1477 	return (core_write((struct coredump_params *)arg, base, len, offset,
1478 	    UIO_SYSSPACE, NULL));
1479 }
1480 
1481 int
1482 __elfN(coredump)(struct thread *td, struct vnode *vp, off_t limit, int flags)
1483 {
1484 	struct ucred *cred = td->td_ucred;
1485 	int compm, error = 0;
1486 	struct sseg_closure seginfo;
1487 	struct note_info_list notelst;
1488 	struct coredump_params params;
1489 	struct note_info *ninfo;
1490 	void *hdr, *tmpbuf;
1491 	size_t hdrsize, notesz, coresize;
1492 
1493 	hdr = NULL;
1494 	tmpbuf = NULL;
1495 	TAILQ_INIT(&notelst);
1496 
1497 	/* Size the program segments. */
1498 	__elfN(size_segments)(td, &seginfo, flags);
1499 
1500 	/*
1501 	 * Collect info about the core file header area.
1502 	 */
1503 	hdrsize = sizeof(Elf_Ehdr) + sizeof(Elf_Phdr) * (1 + seginfo.count);
1504 	if (seginfo.count + 1 >= PN_XNUM)
1505 		hdrsize += sizeof(Elf_Shdr);
1506 	td->td_proc->p_sysent->sv_elf_core_prepare_notes(td, &notelst, &notesz);
1507 	coresize = round_page(hdrsize + notesz) + seginfo.size;
1508 
1509 	/* Set up core dump parameters. */
1510 	params.offset = 0;
1511 	params.active_cred = cred;
1512 	params.file_cred = NOCRED;
1513 	params.td = td;
1514 	params.vp = vp;
1515 	params.comp = NULL;
1516 
1517 #ifdef RACCT
1518 	if (racct_enable) {
1519 		PROC_LOCK(td->td_proc);
1520 		error = racct_add(td->td_proc, RACCT_CORE, coresize);
1521 		PROC_UNLOCK(td->td_proc);
1522 		if (error != 0) {
1523 			error = EFAULT;
1524 			goto done;
1525 		}
1526 	}
1527 #endif
1528 	if (coresize >= limit) {
1529 		error = EFAULT;
1530 		goto done;
1531 	}
1532 
1533 	/* Create a compression stream if necessary. */
1534 	compm = compress_user_cores;
1535 	if ((flags & (SVC_PT_COREDUMP | SVC_NOCOMPRESS)) == SVC_PT_COREDUMP &&
1536 	    compm == 0)
1537 		compm = COMPRESS_GZIP;
1538 	if (compm != 0) {
1539 		params.comp = compressor_init(core_compressed_write,
1540 		    compm, CORE_BUF_SIZE,
1541 		    compress_user_cores_level, &params);
1542 		if (params.comp == NULL) {
1543 			error = EFAULT;
1544 			goto done;
1545 		}
1546 		tmpbuf = malloc(CORE_BUF_SIZE, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
1547         }
1548 
1549 	/*
1550 	 * Allocate memory for building the header, fill it up,
1551 	 * and write it out following the notes.
1552 	 */
1553 	hdr = malloc(hdrsize, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
1554 	error = __elfN(corehdr)(&params, seginfo.count, hdr, hdrsize, &notelst,
1555 	    notesz, flags);
1556 
1557 	/* Write the contents of all of the writable segments. */
1558 	if (error == 0) {
1559 		Elf_Phdr *php;
1560 		off_t offset;
1561 		int i;
1562 
1563 		php = (Elf_Phdr *)((char *)hdr + sizeof(Elf_Ehdr)) + 1;
1564 		offset = round_page(hdrsize + notesz);
1565 		for (i = 0; i < seginfo.count; i++) {
1566 			error = core_output((char *)(uintptr_t)php->p_vaddr,
1567 			    php->p_filesz, offset, &params, tmpbuf);
1568 			if (error != 0)
1569 				break;
1570 			offset += php->p_filesz;
1571 			php++;
1572 		}
1573 		if (error == 0 && params.comp != NULL)
1574 			error = compressor_flush(params.comp);
1575 	}
1576 	if (error) {
1577 		log(LOG_WARNING,
1578 		    "Failed to write core file for process %s (error %d)\n",
1579 		    curproc->p_comm, error);
1580 	}
1581 
1582 done:
1583 	free(tmpbuf, M_TEMP);
1584 	if (params.comp != NULL)
1585 		compressor_fini(params.comp);
1586 	while ((ninfo = TAILQ_FIRST(&notelst)) != NULL) {
1587 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&notelst, ninfo, link);
1588 		free(ninfo, M_TEMP);
1589 	}
1590 	if (hdr != NULL)
1591 		free(hdr, M_TEMP);
1592 
1593 	return (error);
1594 }
1595 
1596 /*
1597  * A callback for each_dumpable_segment() to write out the segment's
1598  * program header entry.
1599  */
1600 static void
1601 cb_put_phdr(vm_map_entry_t entry, void *closure)
1602 {
1603 	struct phdr_closure *phc = (struct phdr_closure *)closure;
1604 	Elf_Phdr *phdr = phc->phdr;
1605 
1606 	phc->offset = round_page(phc->offset);
1607 
1608 	phdr->p_type = PT_LOAD;
1609 	phdr->p_offset = phc->offset;
1610 	phdr->p_vaddr = entry->start;
1611 	phdr->p_paddr = 0;
1612 	phdr->p_filesz = phdr->p_memsz = entry->end - entry->start;
1613 	phdr->p_align = PAGE_SIZE;
1614 	phdr->p_flags = __elfN(untrans_prot)(entry->protection);
1615 
1616 	phc->offset += phdr->p_filesz;
1617 	phc->phdr++;
1618 }
1619 
1620 /*
1621  * A callback for each_dumpable_segment() to gather information about
1622  * the number of segments and their total size.
1623  */
1624 static void
1625 cb_size_segment(vm_map_entry_t entry, void *closure)
1626 {
1627 	struct sseg_closure *ssc = (struct sseg_closure *)closure;
1628 
1629 	ssc->count++;
1630 	ssc->size += entry->end - entry->start;
1631 }
1632 
1633 void
1634 __elfN(size_segments)(struct thread *td, struct sseg_closure *seginfo,
1635     int flags)
1636 {
1637 	seginfo->count = 0;
1638 	seginfo->size = 0;
1639 
1640 	each_dumpable_segment(td, cb_size_segment, seginfo, flags);
1641 }
1642 
1643 /*
1644  * For each writable segment in the process's memory map, call the given
1645  * function with a pointer to the map entry and some arbitrary
1646  * caller-supplied data.
1647  */
1648 static void
1649 each_dumpable_segment(struct thread *td, segment_callback func, void *closure,
1650     int flags)
1651 {
1652 	struct proc *p = td->td_proc;
1653 	vm_map_t map = &p->p_vmspace->vm_map;
1654 	vm_map_entry_t entry;
1655 	vm_object_t backing_object, object;
1656 	bool ignore_entry;
1657 
1658 	vm_map_lock_read(map);
1659 	VM_MAP_ENTRY_FOREACH(entry, map) {
1660 		/*
1661 		 * Don't dump inaccessible mappings, deal with legacy
1662 		 * coredump mode.
1663 		 *
1664 		 * Note that read-only segments related to the elf binary
1665 		 * are marked MAP_ENTRY_NOCOREDUMP now so we no longer
1666 		 * need to arbitrarily ignore such segments.
1667 		 */
1668 		if ((flags & SVC_ALL) == 0) {
1669 			if (elf_legacy_coredump) {
1670 				if ((entry->protection & VM_PROT_RW) !=
1671 				    VM_PROT_RW)
1672 					continue;
1673 			} else {
1674 				if ((entry->protection & VM_PROT_ALL) == 0)
1675 					continue;
1676 			}
1677 		}
1678 
1679 		/*
1680 		 * Dont include memory segment in the coredump if
1681 		 * MAP_NOCORE is set in mmap(2) or MADV_NOCORE in
1682 		 * madvise(2).  Do not dump submaps (i.e. parts of the
1683 		 * kernel map).
1684 		 */
1685 		if ((entry->eflags & MAP_ENTRY_IS_SUB_MAP) != 0)
1686 			continue;
1687 		if ((entry->eflags & MAP_ENTRY_NOCOREDUMP) != 0 &&
1688 		    (flags & SVC_ALL) == 0)
1689 			continue;
1690 		if ((object = entry->object.vm_object) == NULL)
1691 			continue;
1692 
1693 		/* Ignore memory-mapped devices and such things. */
1694 		VM_OBJECT_RLOCK(object);
1695 		while ((backing_object = object->backing_object) != NULL) {
1696 			VM_OBJECT_RLOCK(backing_object);
1697 			VM_OBJECT_RUNLOCK(object);
1698 			object = backing_object;
1699 		}
1700 		ignore_entry = (object->flags & OBJ_FICTITIOUS) != 0;
1701 		VM_OBJECT_RUNLOCK(object);
1702 		if (ignore_entry)
1703 			continue;
1704 
1705 		(*func)(entry, closure);
1706 	}
1707 	vm_map_unlock_read(map);
1708 }
1709 
1710 /*
1711  * Write the core file header to the file, including padding up to
1712  * the page boundary.
1713  */
1714 static int
1715 __elfN(corehdr)(struct coredump_params *p, int numsegs, void *hdr,
1716     size_t hdrsize, struct note_info_list *notelst, size_t notesz,
1717     int flags)
1718 {
1719 	struct note_info *ninfo;
1720 	struct sbuf *sb;
1721 	int error;
1722 
1723 	/* Fill in the header. */
1724 	bzero(hdr, hdrsize);
1725 	__elfN(puthdr)(p->td, hdr, hdrsize, numsegs, notesz, flags);
1726 
1727 	sb = sbuf_new(NULL, NULL, CORE_BUF_SIZE, SBUF_FIXEDLEN);
1728 	sbuf_set_drain(sb, sbuf_drain_core_output, p);
1729 	sbuf_start_section(sb, NULL);
1730 	sbuf_bcat(sb, hdr, hdrsize);
1731 	TAILQ_FOREACH(ninfo, notelst, link)
1732 	    __elfN(putnote)(p->td, ninfo, sb);
1733 	/* Align up to a page boundary for the program segments. */
1734 	sbuf_end_section(sb, -1, PAGE_SIZE, 0);
1735 	error = sbuf_finish(sb);
1736 	sbuf_delete(sb);
1737 
1738 	return (error);
1739 }
1740 
1741 void
1742 __elfN(prepare_notes)(struct thread *td, struct note_info_list *list,
1743     size_t *sizep)
1744 {
1745 	struct proc *p;
1746 	struct thread *thr;
1747 	size_t size;
1748 
1749 	p = td->td_proc;
1750 	size = 0;
1751 
1752 	size += __elfN(register_note)(td, list, NT_PRPSINFO, __elfN(note_prpsinfo), p);
1753 
1754 	/*
1755 	 * To have the debugger select the right thread (LWP) as the initial
1756 	 * thread, we dump the state of the thread passed to us in td first.
1757 	 * This is the thread that causes the core dump and thus likely to
1758 	 * be the right thread one wants to have selected in the debugger.
1759 	 */
1760 	thr = td;
1761 	while (thr != NULL) {
1762 		size += __elfN(register_note)(td, list, NT_PRSTATUS,
1763 		    __elfN(note_prstatus), thr);
1764 		size += __elfN(register_note)(td, list, NT_FPREGSET,
1765 		    __elfN(note_fpregset), thr);
1766 		size += __elfN(register_note)(td, list, NT_THRMISC,
1767 		    __elfN(note_thrmisc), thr);
1768 		size += __elfN(register_note)(td, list, NT_PTLWPINFO,
1769 		    __elfN(note_ptlwpinfo), thr);
1770 		size += __elfN(register_note)(td, list, -1,
1771 		    __elfN(note_threadmd), thr);
1772 
1773 		thr = thr == td ? TAILQ_FIRST(&p->p_threads) :
1774 		    TAILQ_NEXT(thr, td_plist);
1775 		if (thr == td)
1776 			thr = TAILQ_NEXT(thr, td_plist);
1777 	}
1778 
1779 	size += __elfN(register_note)(td, list, NT_PROCSTAT_PROC,
1780 	    __elfN(note_procstat_proc), p);
1781 	size += __elfN(register_note)(td, list, NT_PROCSTAT_FILES,
1782 	    note_procstat_files, p);
1783 	size += __elfN(register_note)(td, list, NT_PROCSTAT_VMMAP,
1784 	    note_procstat_vmmap, p);
1785 	size += __elfN(register_note)(td, list, NT_PROCSTAT_GROUPS,
1786 	    note_procstat_groups, p);
1787 	size += __elfN(register_note)(td, list, NT_PROCSTAT_UMASK,
1788 	    note_procstat_umask, p);
1789 	size += __elfN(register_note)(td, list, NT_PROCSTAT_RLIMIT,
1790 	    note_procstat_rlimit, p);
1791 	size += __elfN(register_note)(td, list, NT_PROCSTAT_OSREL,
1792 	    note_procstat_osrel, p);
1793 	size += __elfN(register_note)(td, list, NT_PROCSTAT_PSSTRINGS,
1794 	    __elfN(note_procstat_psstrings), p);
1795 	size += __elfN(register_note)(td, list, NT_PROCSTAT_AUXV,
1796 	    __elfN(note_procstat_auxv), p);
1797 
1798 	*sizep = size;
1799 }
1800 
1801 void
1802 __elfN(puthdr)(struct thread *td, void *hdr, size_t hdrsize, int numsegs,
1803     size_t notesz, int flags)
1804 {
1805 	Elf_Ehdr *ehdr;
1806 	Elf_Phdr *phdr;
1807 	Elf_Shdr *shdr;
1808 	struct phdr_closure phc;
1809 	Elf_Brandinfo *bi;
1810 
1811 	ehdr = (Elf_Ehdr *)hdr;
1812 	bi = td->td_proc->p_elf_brandinfo;
1813 
1814 	ehdr->e_ident[EI_MAG0] = ELFMAG0;
1815 	ehdr->e_ident[EI_MAG1] = ELFMAG1;
1816 	ehdr->e_ident[EI_MAG2] = ELFMAG2;
1817 	ehdr->e_ident[EI_MAG3] = ELFMAG3;
1818 	ehdr->e_ident[EI_CLASS] = ELF_CLASS;
1819 	ehdr->e_ident[EI_DATA] = ELF_DATA;
1820 	ehdr->e_ident[EI_VERSION] = EV_CURRENT;
1821 	ehdr->e_ident[EI_OSABI] = td->td_proc->p_sysent->sv_elf_core_osabi;
1822 	ehdr->e_ident[EI_ABIVERSION] = 0;
1823 	ehdr->e_ident[EI_PAD] = 0;
1824 	ehdr->e_type = ET_CORE;
1825 	ehdr->e_machine = bi->machine;
1826 	ehdr->e_version = EV_CURRENT;
1827 	ehdr->e_entry = 0;
1828 	ehdr->e_phoff = sizeof(Elf_Ehdr);
1829 	ehdr->e_flags = td->td_proc->p_elf_flags;
1830 	ehdr->e_ehsize = sizeof(Elf_Ehdr);
1831 	ehdr->e_phentsize = sizeof(Elf_Phdr);
1832 	ehdr->e_shentsize = sizeof(Elf_Shdr);
1833 	ehdr->e_shstrndx = SHN_UNDEF;
1834 	if (numsegs + 1 < PN_XNUM) {
1835 		ehdr->e_phnum = numsegs + 1;
1836 		ehdr->e_shnum = 0;
1837 	} else {
1838 		ehdr->e_phnum = PN_XNUM;
1839 		ehdr->e_shnum = 1;
1840 
1841 		ehdr->e_shoff = ehdr->e_phoff +
1842 		    (numsegs + 1) * ehdr->e_phentsize;
1843 		KASSERT(ehdr->e_shoff == hdrsize - sizeof(Elf_Shdr),
1844 		    ("e_shoff: %zu, hdrsize - shdr: %zu",
1845 		     (size_t)ehdr->e_shoff, hdrsize - sizeof(Elf_Shdr)));
1846 
1847 		shdr = (Elf_Shdr *)((char *)hdr + ehdr->e_shoff);
1848 		memset(shdr, 0, sizeof(*shdr));
1849 		/*
1850 		 * A special first section is used to hold large segment and
1851 		 * section counts.  This was proposed by Sun Microsystems in
1852 		 * Solaris and has been adopted by Linux; the standard ELF
1853 		 * tools are already familiar with the technique.
1854 		 *
1855 		 * See table 7-7 of the Solaris "Linker and Libraries Guide"
1856 		 * (or 12-7 depending on the version of the document) for more
1857 		 * details.
1858 		 */
1859 		shdr->sh_type = SHT_NULL;
1860 		shdr->sh_size = ehdr->e_shnum;
1861 		shdr->sh_link = ehdr->e_shstrndx;
1862 		shdr->sh_info = numsegs + 1;
1863 	}
1864 
1865 	/*
1866 	 * Fill in the program header entries.
1867 	 */
1868 	phdr = (Elf_Phdr *)((char *)hdr + ehdr->e_phoff);
1869 
1870 	/* The note segement. */
1871 	phdr->p_type = PT_NOTE;
1872 	phdr->p_offset = hdrsize;
1873 	phdr->p_vaddr = 0;
1874 	phdr->p_paddr = 0;
1875 	phdr->p_filesz = notesz;
1876 	phdr->p_memsz = 0;
1877 	phdr->p_flags = PF_R;
1878 	phdr->p_align = ELF_NOTE_ROUNDSIZE;
1879 	phdr++;
1880 
1881 	/* All the writable segments from the program. */
1882 	phc.phdr = phdr;
1883 	phc.offset = round_page(hdrsize + notesz);
1884 	each_dumpable_segment(td, cb_put_phdr, &phc, flags);
1885 }
1886 
1887 size_t
1888 __elfN(register_note)(struct thread *td, struct note_info_list *list,
1889     int type, outfunc_t out, void *arg)
1890 {
1891 	const struct sysentvec *sv;
1892 	struct note_info *ninfo;
1893 	size_t size, notesize;
1894 
1895 	sv = td->td_proc->p_sysent;
1896 	size = 0;
1897 	out(arg, NULL, &size);
1898 	ninfo = malloc(sizeof(*ninfo), M_TEMP, M_ZERO | M_WAITOK);
1899 	ninfo->type = type;
1900 	ninfo->outfunc = out;
1901 	ninfo->outarg = arg;
1902 	ninfo->outsize = size;
1903 	TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(list, ninfo, link);
1904 
1905 	if (type == -1)
1906 		return (size);
1907 
1908 	notesize = sizeof(Elf_Note) +		/* note header */
1909 	    roundup2(strlen(sv->sv_elf_core_abi_vendor) + 1, ELF_NOTE_ROUNDSIZE) +
1910 						/* note name */
1911 	    roundup2(size, ELF_NOTE_ROUNDSIZE);	/* note description */
1912 
1913 	return (notesize);
1914 }
1915 
1916 static size_t
1917 append_note_data(const void *src, void *dst, size_t len)
1918 {
1919 	size_t padded_len;
1920 
1921 	padded_len = roundup2(len, ELF_NOTE_ROUNDSIZE);
1922 	if (dst != NULL) {
1923 		bcopy(src, dst, len);
1924 		bzero((char *)dst + len, padded_len - len);
1925 	}
1926 	return (padded_len);
1927 }
1928 
1929 size_t
1930 __elfN(populate_note)(int type, void *src, void *dst, size_t size, void **descp)
1931 {
1932 	Elf_Note *note;
1933 	char *buf;
1934 	size_t notesize;
1935 
1936 	buf = dst;
1937 	if (buf != NULL) {
1938 		note = (Elf_Note *)buf;
1939 		note->n_namesz = sizeof(FREEBSD_ABI_VENDOR);
1940 		note->n_descsz = size;
1941 		note->n_type = type;
1942 		buf += sizeof(*note);
1943 		buf += append_note_data(FREEBSD_ABI_VENDOR, buf,
1944 		    sizeof(FREEBSD_ABI_VENDOR));
1945 		append_note_data(src, buf, size);
1946 		if (descp != NULL)
1947 			*descp = buf;
1948 	}
1949 
1950 	notesize = sizeof(Elf_Note) +		/* note header */
1951 	    roundup2(sizeof(FREEBSD_ABI_VENDOR), ELF_NOTE_ROUNDSIZE) +
1952 						/* note name */
1953 	    roundup2(size, ELF_NOTE_ROUNDSIZE);	/* note description */
1954 
1955 	return (notesize);
1956 }
1957 
1958 static void
1959 __elfN(putnote)(struct thread *td, struct note_info *ninfo, struct sbuf *sb)
1960 {
1961 	Elf_Note note;
1962 	const struct sysentvec *sv;
1963 	ssize_t old_len, sect_len;
1964 	size_t new_len, descsz, i;
1965 
1966 	if (ninfo->type == -1) {
1967 		ninfo->outfunc(ninfo->outarg, sb, &ninfo->outsize);
1968 		return;
1969 	}
1970 
1971 	sv = td->td_proc->p_sysent;
1972 
1973 	note.n_namesz = strlen(sv->sv_elf_core_abi_vendor) + 1;
1974 	note.n_descsz = ninfo->outsize;
1975 	note.n_type = ninfo->type;
1976 
1977 	sbuf_bcat(sb, &note, sizeof(note));
1978 	sbuf_start_section(sb, &old_len);
1979 	sbuf_bcat(sb, sv->sv_elf_core_abi_vendor,
1980 	    strlen(sv->sv_elf_core_abi_vendor) + 1);
1981 	sbuf_end_section(sb, old_len, ELF_NOTE_ROUNDSIZE, 0);
1982 	if (note.n_descsz == 0)
1983 		return;
1984 	sbuf_start_section(sb, &old_len);
1985 	ninfo->outfunc(ninfo->outarg, sb, &ninfo->outsize);
1986 	sect_len = sbuf_end_section(sb, old_len, ELF_NOTE_ROUNDSIZE, 0);
1987 	if (sect_len < 0)
1988 		return;
1989 
1990 	new_len = (size_t)sect_len;
1991 	descsz = roundup(note.n_descsz, ELF_NOTE_ROUNDSIZE);
1992 	if (new_len < descsz) {
1993 		/*
1994 		 * It is expected that individual note emitters will correctly
1995 		 * predict their expected output size and fill up to that size
1996 		 * themselves, padding in a format-specific way if needed.
1997 		 * However, in case they don't, just do it here with zeros.
1998 		 */
1999 		for (i = 0; i < descsz - new_len; i++)
2000 			sbuf_putc(sb, 0);
2001 	} else if (new_len > descsz) {
2002 		/*
2003 		 * We can't always truncate sb -- we may have drained some
2004 		 * of it already.
2005 		 */
2006 		KASSERT(new_len == descsz, ("%s: Note type %u changed as we "
2007 		    "read it (%zu > %zu).  Since it is longer than "
2008 		    "expected, this coredump's notes are corrupt.  THIS "
2009 		    "IS A BUG in the note_procstat routine for type %u.\n",
2010 		    __func__, (unsigned)note.n_type, new_len, descsz,
2011 		    (unsigned)note.n_type));
2012 	}
2013 }
2014 
2015 /*
2016  * Miscellaneous note out functions.
2017  */
2018 
2019 #if defined(COMPAT_FREEBSD32) && __ELF_WORD_SIZE == 32
2020 #include <compat/freebsd32/freebsd32.h>
2021 #include <compat/freebsd32/freebsd32_signal.h>
2022 
2023 typedef struct prstatus32 elf_prstatus_t;
2024 typedef struct prpsinfo32 elf_prpsinfo_t;
2025 typedef struct fpreg32 elf_prfpregset_t;
2026 typedef struct fpreg32 elf_fpregset_t;
2027 typedef struct reg32 elf_gregset_t;
2028 typedef struct thrmisc32 elf_thrmisc_t;
2029 #define ELF_KERN_PROC_MASK	KERN_PROC_MASK32
2030 typedef struct kinfo_proc32 elf_kinfo_proc_t;
2031 typedef uint32_t elf_ps_strings_t;
2032 #else
2033 typedef prstatus_t elf_prstatus_t;
2034 typedef prpsinfo_t elf_prpsinfo_t;
2035 typedef prfpregset_t elf_prfpregset_t;
2036 typedef prfpregset_t elf_fpregset_t;
2037 typedef gregset_t elf_gregset_t;
2038 typedef thrmisc_t elf_thrmisc_t;
2039 #define ELF_KERN_PROC_MASK	0
2040 typedef struct kinfo_proc elf_kinfo_proc_t;
2041 typedef vm_offset_t elf_ps_strings_t;
2042 #endif
2043 
2044 static void
2045 __elfN(note_prpsinfo)(void *arg, struct sbuf *sb, size_t *sizep)
2046 {
2047 	struct sbuf sbarg;
2048 	size_t len;
2049 	char *cp, *end;
2050 	struct proc *p;
2051 	elf_prpsinfo_t *psinfo;
2052 	int error;
2053 
2054 	p = arg;
2055 	if (sb != NULL) {
2056 		KASSERT(*sizep == sizeof(*psinfo), ("invalid size"));
2057 		psinfo = malloc(sizeof(*psinfo), M_TEMP, M_ZERO | M_WAITOK);
2058 		psinfo->pr_version = PRPSINFO_VERSION;
2059 		psinfo->pr_psinfosz = sizeof(elf_prpsinfo_t);
2060 		strlcpy(psinfo->pr_fname, p->p_comm, sizeof(psinfo->pr_fname));
2061 		PROC_LOCK(p);
2062 		if (p->p_args != NULL) {
2063 			len = sizeof(psinfo->pr_psargs) - 1;
2064 			if (len > p->p_args->ar_length)
2065 				len = p->p_args->ar_length;
2066 			memcpy(psinfo->pr_psargs, p->p_args->ar_args, len);
2067 			PROC_UNLOCK(p);
2068 			error = 0;
2069 		} else {
2070 			_PHOLD(p);
2071 			PROC_UNLOCK(p);
2072 			sbuf_new(&sbarg, psinfo->pr_psargs,
2073 			    sizeof(psinfo->pr_psargs), SBUF_FIXEDLEN);
2074 			error = proc_getargv(curthread, p, &sbarg);
2075 			PRELE(p);
2076 			if (sbuf_finish(&sbarg) == 0)
2077 				len = sbuf_len(&sbarg) - 1;
2078 			else
2079 				len = sizeof(psinfo->pr_psargs) - 1;
2080 			sbuf_delete(&sbarg);
2081 		}
2082 		if (error || len == 0)
2083 			strlcpy(psinfo->pr_psargs, p->p_comm,
2084 			    sizeof(psinfo->pr_psargs));
2085 		else {
2086 			KASSERT(len < sizeof(psinfo->pr_psargs),
2087 			    ("len is too long: %zu vs %zu", len,
2088 			    sizeof(psinfo->pr_psargs)));
2089 			cp = psinfo->pr_psargs;
2090 			end = cp + len - 1;
2091 			for (;;) {
2092 				cp = memchr(cp, '\0', end - cp);
2093 				if (cp == NULL)
2094 					break;
2095 				*cp = ' ';
2096 			}
2097 		}
2098 		psinfo->pr_pid = p->p_pid;
2099 		sbuf_bcat(sb, psinfo, sizeof(*psinfo));
2100 		free(psinfo, M_TEMP);
2101 	}
2102 	*sizep = sizeof(*psinfo);
2103 }
2104 
2105 static void
2106 __elfN(note_prstatus)(void *arg, struct sbuf *sb, size_t *sizep)
2107 {
2108 	struct thread *td;
2109 	elf_prstatus_t *status;
2110 
2111 	td = arg;
2112 	if (sb != NULL) {
2113 		KASSERT(*sizep == sizeof(*status), ("invalid size"));
2114 		status = malloc(sizeof(*status), M_TEMP, M_ZERO | M_WAITOK);
2115 		status->pr_version = PRSTATUS_VERSION;
2116 		status->pr_statussz = sizeof(elf_prstatus_t);
2117 		status->pr_gregsetsz = sizeof(elf_gregset_t);
2118 		status->pr_fpregsetsz = sizeof(elf_fpregset_t);
2119 		status->pr_osreldate = osreldate;
2120 		status->pr_cursig = td->td_proc->p_sig;
2121 		status->pr_pid = td->td_tid;
2122 #if defined(COMPAT_FREEBSD32) && __ELF_WORD_SIZE == 32
2123 		fill_regs32(td, &status->pr_reg);
2124 #else
2125 		fill_regs(td, &status->pr_reg);
2126 #endif
2127 		sbuf_bcat(sb, status, sizeof(*status));
2128 		free(status, M_TEMP);
2129 	}
2130 	*sizep = sizeof(*status);
2131 }
2132 
2133 static void
2134 __elfN(note_fpregset)(void *arg, struct sbuf *sb, size_t *sizep)
2135 {
2136 	struct thread *td;
2137 	elf_prfpregset_t *fpregset;
2138 
2139 	td = arg;
2140 	if (sb != NULL) {
2141 		KASSERT(*sizep == sizeof(*fpregset), ("invalid size"));
2142 		fpregset = malloc(sizeof(*fpregset), M_TEMP, M_ZERO | M_WAITOK);
2143 #if defined(COMPAT_FREEBSD32) && __ELF_WORD_SIZE == 32
2144 		fill_fpregs32(td, fpregset);
2145 #else
2146 		fill_fpregs(td, fpregset);
2147 #endif
2148 		sbuf_bcat(sb, fpregset, sizeof(*fpregset));
2149 		free(fpregset, M_TEMP);
2150 	}
2151 	*sizep = sizeof(*fpregset);
2152 }
2153 
2154 static void
2155 __elfN(note_thrmisc)(void *arg, struct sbuf *sb, size_t *sizep)
2156 {
2157 	struct thread *td;
2158 	elf_thrmisc_t thrmisc;
2159 
2160 	td = arg;
2161 	if (sb != NULL) {
2162 		KASSERT(*sizep == sizeof(thrmisc), ("invalid size"));
2163 		bzero(&thrmisc, sizeof(thrmisc));
2164 		strcpy(thrmisc.pr_tname, td->td_name);
2165 		sbuf_bcat(sb, &thrmisc, sizeof(thrmisc));
2166 	}
2167 	*sizep = sizeof(thrmisc);
2168 }
2169 
2170 static void
2171 __elfN(note_ptlwpinfo)(void *arg, struct sbuf *sb, size_t *sizep)
2172 {
2173 	struct thread *td;
2174 	size_t size;
2175 	int structsize;
2176 #if defined(COMPAT_FREEBSD32) && __ELF_WORD_SIZE == 32
2177 	struct ptrace_lwpinfo32 pl;
2178 #else
2179 	struct ptrace_lwpinfo pl;
2180 #endif
2181 
2182 	td = arg;
2183 	size = sizeof(structsize) + sizeof(pl);
2184 	if (sb != NULL) {
2185 		KASSERT(*sizep == size, ("invalid size"));
2186 		structsize = sizeof(pl);
2187 		sbuf_bcat(sb, &structsize, sizeof(structsize));
2188 		bzero(&pl, sizeof(pl));
2189 		pl.pl_lwpid = td->td_tid;
2190 		pl.pl_event = PL_EVENT_NONE;
2191 		pl.pl_sigmask = td->td_sigmask;
2192 		pl.pl_siglist = td->td_siglist;
2193 		if (td->td_si.si_signo != 0) {
2194 			pl.pl_event = PL_EVENT_SIGNAL;
2195 			pl.pl_flags |= PL_FLAG_SI;
2196 #if defined(COMPAT_FREEBSD32) && __ELF_WORD_SIZE == 32
2197 			siginfo_to_siginfo32(&td->td_si, &pl.pl_siginfo);
2198 #else
2199 			pl.pl_siginfo = td->td_si;
2200 #endif
2201 		}
2202 		strcpy(pl.pl_tdname, td->td_name);
2203 		/* XXX TODO: supply more information in struct ptrace_lwpinfo*/
2204 		sbuf_bcat(sb, &pl, sizeof(pl));
2205 	}
2206 	*sizep = size;
2207 }
2208 
2209 /*
2210  * Allow for MD specific notes, as well as any MD
2211  * specific preparations for writing MI notes.
2212  */
2213 static void
2214 __elfN(note_threadmd)(void *arg, struct sbuf *sb, size_t *sizep)
2215 {
2216 	struct thread *td;
2217 	void *buf;
2218 	size_t size;
2219 
2220 	td = (struct thread *)arg;
2221 	size = *sizep;
2222 	if (size != 0 && sb != NULL)
2223 		buf = malloc(size, M_TEMP, M_ZERO | M_WAITOK);
2224 	else
2225 		buf = NULL;
2226 	size = 0;
2227 	__elfN(dump_thread)(td, buf, &size);
2228 	KASSERT(sb == NULL || *sizep == size, ("invalid size"));
2229 	if (size != 0 && sb != NULL)
2230 		sbuf_bcat(sb, buf, size);
2231 	free(buf, M_TEMP);
2232 	*sizep = size;
2233 }
2234 
2235 #ifdef KINFO_PROC_SIZE
2236 CTASSERT(sizeof(struct kinfo_proc) == KINFO_PROC_SIZE);
2237 #endif
2238 
2239 static void
2240 __elfN(note_procstat_proc)(void *arg, struct sbuf *sb, size_t *sizep)
2241 {
2242 	struct proc *p;
2243 	size_t size;
2244 	int structsize;
2245 
2246 	p = arg;
2247 	size = sizeof(structsize) + p->p_numthreads *
2248 	    sizeof(elf_kinfo_proc_t);
2249 
2250 	if (sb != NULL) {
2251 		KASSERT(*sizep == size, ("invalid size"));
2252 		structsize = sizeof(elf_kinfo_proc_t);
2253 		sbuf_bcat(sb, &structsize, sizeof(structsize));
2254 		sx_slock(&proctree_lock);
2255 		PROC_LOCK(p);
2256 		kern_proc_out(p, sb, ELF_KERN_PROC_MASK);
2257 		sx_sunlock(&proctree_lock);
2258 	}
2259 	*sizep = size;
2260 }
2261 
2262 #ifdef KINFO_FILE_SIZE
2263 CTASSERT(sizeof(struct kinfo_file) == KINFO_FILE_SIZE);
2264 #endif
2265 
2266 static void
2267 note_procstat_files(void *arg, struct sbuf *sb, size_t *sizep)
2268 {
2269 	struct proc *p;
2270 	size_t size, sect_sz, i;
2271 	ssize_t start_len, sect_len;
2272 	int structsize, filedesc_flags;
2273 
2274 	if (coredump_pack_fileinfo)
2275 		filedesc_flags = KERN_FILEDESC_PACK_KINFO;
2276 	else
2277 		filedesc_flags = 0;
2278 
2279 	p = arg;
2280 	structsize = sizeof(struct kinfo_file);
2281 	if (sb == NULL) {
2282 		size = 0;
2283 		sb = sbuf_new(NULL, NULL, 128, SBUF_FIXEDLEN);
2284 		sbuf_set_drain(sb, sbuf_count_drain, &size);
2285 		sbuf_bcat(sb, &structsize, sizeof(structsize));
2286 		PROC_LOCK(p);
2287 		kern_proc_filedesc_out(p, sb, -1, filedesc_flags);
2288 		sbuf_finish(sb);
2289 		sbuf_delete(sb);
2290 		*sizep = size;
2291 	} else {
2292 		sbuf_start_section(sb, &start_len);
2293 
2294 		sbuf_bcat(sb, &structsize, sizeof(structsize));
2295 		PROC_LOCK(p);
2296 		kern_proc_filedesc_out(p, sb, *sizep - sizeof(structsize),
2297 		    filedesc_flags);
2298 
2299 		sect_len = sbuf_end_section(sb, start_len, 0, 0);
2300 		if (sect_len < 0)
2301 			return;
2302 		sect_sz = sect_len;
2303 
2304 		KASSERT(sect_sz <= *sizep,
2305 		    ("kern_proc_filedesc_out did not respect maxlen; "
2306 		     "requested %zu, got %zu", *sizep - sizeof(structsize),
2307 		     sect_sz - sizeof(structsize)));
2308 
2309 		for (i = 0; i < *sizep - sect_sz && sb->s_error == 0; i++)
2310 			sbuf_putc(sb, 0);
2311 	}
2312 }
2313 
2314 #ifdef KINFO_VMENTRY_SIZE
2315 CTASSERT(sizeof(struct kinfo_vmentry) == KINFO_VMENTRY_SIZE);
2316 #endif
2317 
2318 static void
2319 note_procstat_vmmap(void *arg, struct sbuf *sb, size_t *sizep)
2320 {
2321 	struct proc *p;
2322 	size_t size;
2323 	int structsize, vmmap_flags;
2324 
2325 	if (coredump_pack_vmmapinfo)
2326 		vmmap_flags = KERN_VMMAP_PACK_KINFO;
2327 	else
2328 		vmmap_flags = 0;
2329 
2330 	p = arg;
2331 	structsize = sizeof(struct kinfo_vmentry);
2332 	if (sb == NULL) {
2333 		size = 0;
2334 		sb = sbuf_new(NULL, NULL, 128, SBUF_FIXEDLEN);
2335 		sbuf_set_drain(sb, sbuf_count_drain, &size);
2336 		sbuf_bcat(sb, &structsize, sizeof(structsize));
2337 		PROC_LOCK(p);
2338 		kern_proc_vmmap_out(p, sb, -1, vmmap_flags);
2339 		sbuf_finish(sb);
2340 		sbuf_delete(sb);
2341 		*sizep = size;
2342 	} else {
2343 		sbuf_bcat(sb, &structsize, sizeof(structsize));
2344 		PROC_LOCK(p);
2345 		kern_proc_vmmap_out(p, sb, *sizep - sizeof(structsize),
2346 		    vmmap_flags);
2347 	}
2348 }
2349 
2350 static void
2351 note_procstat_groups(void *arg, struct sbuf *sb, size_t *sizep)
2352 {
2353 	struct proc *p;
2354 	size_t size;
2355 	int structsize;
2356 
2357 	p = arg;
2358 	size = sizeof(structsize) + p->p_ucred->cr_ngroups * sizeof(gid_t);
2359 	if (sb != NULL) {
2360 		KASSERT(*sizep == size, ("invalid size"));
2361 		structsize = sizeof(gid_t);
2362 		sbuf_bcat(sb, &structsize, sizeof(structsize));
2363 		sbuf_bcat(sb, p->p_ucred->cr_groups, p->p_ucred->cr_ngroups *
2364 		    sizeof(gid_t));
2365 	}
2366 	*sizep = size;
2367 }
2368 
2369 static void
2370 note_procstat_umask(void *arg, struct sbuf *sb, size_t *sizep)
2371 {
2372 	struct proc *p;
2373 	size_t size;
2374 	int structsize;
2375 
2376 	p = arg;
2377 	size = sizeof(structsize) + sizeof(p->p_pd->pd_cmask);
2378 	if (sb != NULL) {
2379 		KASSERT(*sizep == size, ("invalid size"));
2380 		structsize = sizeof(p->p_pd->pd_cmask);
2381 		sbuf_bcat(sb, &structsize, sizeof(structsize));
2382 		sbuf_bcat(sb, &p->p_pd->pd_cmask, sizeof(p->p_pd->pd_cmask));
2383 	}
2384 	*sizep = size;
2385 }
2386 
2387 static void
2388 note_procstat_rlimit(void *arg, struct sbuf *sb, size_t *sizep)
2389 {
2390 	struct proc *p;
2391 	struct rlimit rlim[RLIM_NLIMITS];
2392 	size_t size;
2393 	int structsize, i;
2394 
2395 	p = arg;
2396 	size = sizeof(structsize) + sizeof(rlim);
2397 	if (sb != NULL) {
2398 		KASSERT(*sizep == size, ("invalid size"));
2399 		structsize = sizeof(rlim);
2400 		sbuf_bcat(sb, &structsize, sizeof(structsize));
2401 		PROC_LOCK(p);
2402 		for (i = 0; i < RLIM_NLIMITS; i++)
2403 			lim_rlimit_proc(p, i, &rlim[i]);
2404 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
2405 		sbuf_bcat(sb, rlim, sizeof(rlim));
2406 	}
2407 	*sizep = size;
2408 }
2409 
2410 static void
2411 note_procstat_osrel(void *arg, struct sbuf *sb, size_t *sizep)
2412 {
2413 	struct proc *p;
2414 	size_t size;
2415 	int structsize;
2416 
2417 	p = arg;
2418 	size = sizeof(structsize) + sizeof(p->p_osrel);
2419 	if (sb != NULL) {
2420 		KASSERT(*sizep == size, ("invalid size"));
2421 		structsize = sizeof(p->p_osrel);
2422 		sbuf_bcat(sb, &structsize, sizeof(structsize));
2423 		sbuf_bcat(sb, &p->p_osrel, sizeof(p->p_osrel));
2424 	}
2425 	*sizep = size;
2426 }
2427 
2428 static void
2429 __elfN(note_procstat_psstrings)(void *arg, struct sbuf *sb, size_t *sizep)
2430 {
2431 	struct proc *p;
2432 	elf_ps_strings_t ps_strings;
2433 	size_t size;
2434 	int structsize;
2435 
2436 	p = arg;
2437 	size = sizeof(structsize) + sizeof(ps_strings);
2438 	if (sb != NULL) {
2439 		KASSERT(*sizep == size, ("invalid size"));
2440 		structsize = sizeof(ps_strings);
2441 #if defined(COMPAT_FREEBSD32) && __ELF_WORD_SIZE == 32
2442 		ps_strings = PTROUT(p->p_sysent->sv_psstrings);
2443 #else
2444 		ps_strings = p->p_sysent->sv_psstrings;
2445 #endif
2446 		sbuf_bcat(sb, &structsize, sizeof(structsize));
2447 		sbuf_bcat(sb, &ps_strings, sizeof(ps_strings));
2448 	}
2449 	*sizep = size;
2450 }
2451 
2452 static void
2453 __elfN(note_procstat_auxv)(void *arg, struct sbuf *sb, size_t *sizep)
2454 {
2455 	struct proc *p;
2456 	size_t size;
2457 	int structsize;
2458 
2459 	p = arg;
2460 	if (sb == NULL) {
2461 		size = 0;
2462 		sb = sbuf_new(NULL, NULL, AT_COUNT * sizeof(Elf_Auxinfo),
2463 		    SBUF_FIXEDLEN);
2464 		sbuf_set_drain(sb, sbuf_count_drain, &size);
2465 		sbuf_bcat(sb, &structsize, sizeof(structsize));
2466 		PHOLD(p);
2467 		proc_getauxv(curthread, p, sb);
2468 		PRELE(p);
2469 		sbuf_finish(sb);
2470 		sbuf_delete(sb);
2471 		*sizep = size;
2472 	} else {
2473 		structsize = sizeof(Elf_Auxinfo);
2474 		sbuf_bcat(sb, &structsize, sizeof(structsize));
2475 		PHOLD(p);
2476 		proc_getauxv(curthread, p, sb);
2477 		PRELE(p);
2478 	}
2479 }
2480 
2481 static boolean_t
2482 __elfN(parse_notes)(struct image_params *imgp, Elf_Note *checknote,
2483     const char *note_vendor, const Elf_Phdr *pnote,
2484     boolean_t (*cb)(const Elf_Note *, void *, boolean_t *), void *cb_arg)
2485 {
2486 	const Elf_Note *note, *note0, *note_end;
2487 	const char *note_name;
2488 	char *buf;
2489 	int i, error;
2490 	boolean_t res;
2491 
2492 	/* We need some limit, might as well use PAGE_SIZE. */
2493 	if (pnote == NULL || pnote->p_filesz > PAGE_SIZE)
2494 		return (FALSE);
2495 	ASSERT_VOP_LOCKED(imgp->vp, "parse_notes");
2496 	if (pnote->p_offset > PAGE_SIZE ||
2497 	    pnote->p_filesz > PAGE_SIZE - pnote->p_offset) {
2498 		buf = malloc(pnote->p_filesz, M_TEMP, M_NOWAIT);
2499 		if (buf == NULL) {
2500 			VOP_UNLOCK(imgp->vp);
2501 			buf = malloc(pnote->p_filesz, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
2502 			vn_lock(imgp->vp, LK_SHARED | LK_RETRY);
2503 		}
2504 		error = vn_rdwr(UIO_READ, imgp->vp, buf, pnote->p_filesz,
2505 		    pnote->p_offset, UIO_SYSSPACE, IO_NODELOCKED,
2506 		    curthread->td_ucred, NOCRED, NULL, curthread);
2507 		if (error != 0) {
2508 			uprintf("i/o error PT_NOTE\n");
2509 			goto retf;
2510 		}
2511 		note = note0 = (const Elf_Note *)buf;
2512 		note_end = (const Elf_Note *)(buf + pnote->p_filesz);
2513 	} else {
2514 		note = note0 = (const Elf_Note *)(imgp->image_header +
2515 		    pnote->p_offset);
2516 		note_end = (const Elf_Note *)(imgp->image_header +
2517 		    pnote->p_offset + pnote->p_filesz);
2518 		buf = NULL;
2519 	}
2520 	for (i = 0; i < 100 && note >= note0 && note < note_end; i++) {
2521 		if (!aligned(note, Elf32_Addr) || (const char *)note_end -
2522 		    (const char *)note < sizeof(Elf_Note)) {
2523 			goto retf;
2524 		}
2525 		if (note->n_namesz != checknote->n_namesz ||
2526 		    note->n_descsz != checknote->n_descsz ||
2527 		    note->n_type != checknote->n_type)
2528 			goto nextnote;
2529 		note_name = (const char *)(note + 1);
2530 		if (note_name + checknote->n_namesz >=
2531 		    (const char *)note_end || strncmp(note_vendor,
2532 		    note_name, checknote->n_namesz) != 0)
2533 			goto nextnote;
2534 
2535 		if (cb(note, cb_arg, &res))
2536 			goto ret;
2537 nextnote:
2538 		note = (const Elf_Note *)((const char *)(note + 1) +
2539 		    roundup2(note->n_namesz, ELF_NOTE_ROUNDSIZE) +
2540 		    roundup2(note->n_descsz, ELF_NOTE_ROUNDSIZE));
2541 	}
2542 retf:
2543 	res = FALSE;
2544 ret:
2545 	free(buf, M_TEMP);
2546 	return (res);
2547 }
2548 
2549 struct brandnote_cb_arg {
2550 	Elf_Brandnote *brandnote;
2551 	int32_t *osrel;
2552 };
2553 
2554 static boolean_t
2555 brandnote_cb(const Elf_Note *note, void *arg0, boolean_t *res)
2556 {
2557 	struct brandnote_cb_arg *arg;
2558 
2559 	arg = arg0;
2560 
2561 	/*
2562 	 * Fetch the osreldate for binary from the ELF OSABI-note if
2563 	 * necessary.
2564 	 */
2565 	*res = (arg->brandnote->flags & BN_TRANSLATE_OSREL) != 0 &&
2566 	    arg->brandnote->trans_osrel != NULL ?
2567 	    arg->brandnote->trans_osrel(note, arg->osrel) : TRUE;
2568 
2569 	return (TRUE);
2570 }
2571 
2572 static Elf_Note fctl_note = {
2573 	.n_namesz = sizeof(FREEBSD_ABI_VENDOR),
2574 	.n_descsz = sizeof(uint32_t),
2575 	.n_type = NT_FREEBSD_FEATURE_CTL,
2576 };
2577 
2578 struct fctl_cb_arg {
2579 	boolean_t *has_fctl0;
2580 	uint32_t *fctl0;
2581 };
2582 
2583 static boolean_t
2584 note_fctl_cb(const Elf_Note *note, void *arg0, boolean_t *res)
2585 {
2586 	struct fctl_cb_arg *arg;
2587 	const Elf32_Word *desc;
2588 	uintptr_t p;
2589 
2590 	arg = arg0;
2591 	p = (uintptr_t)(note + 1);
2592 	p += roundup2(note->n_namesz, ELF_NOTE_ROUNDSIZE);
2593 	desc = (const Elf32_Word *)p;
2594 	*arg->has_fctl0 = TRUE;
2595 	*arg->fctl0 = desc[0];
2596 	*res = TRUE;
2597 	return (TRUE);
2598 }
2599 
2600 /*
2601  * Try to find the appropriate ABI-note section for checknote, fetch
2602  * the osreldate and feature control flags for binary from the ELF
2603  * OSABI-note.  Only the first page of the image is searched, the same
2604  * as for headers.
2605  */
2606 static boolean_t
2607 __elfN(check_note)(struct image_params *imgp, Elf_Brandnote *brandnote,
2608     int32_t *osrel, boolean_t *has_fctl0, uint32_t *fctl0)
2609 {
2610 	const Elf_Phdr *phdr;
2611 	const Elf_Ehdr *hdr;
2612 	struct brandnote_cb_arg b_arg;
2613 	struct fctl_cb_arg f_arg;
2614 	int i, j;
2615 
2616 	hdr = (const Elf_Ehdr *)imgp->image_header;
2617 	phdr = (const Elf_Phdr *)(imgp->image_header + hdr->e_phoff);
2618 	b_arg.brandnote = brandnote;
2619 	b_arg.osrel = osrel;
2620 	f_arg.has_fctl0 = has_fctl0;
2621 	f_arg.fctl0 = fctl0;
2622 
2623 	for (i = 0; i < hdr->e_phnum; i++) {
2624 		if (phdr[i].p_type == PT_NOTE && __elfN(parse_notes)(imgp,
2625 		    &brandnote->hdr, brandnote->vendor, &phdr[i], brandnote_cb,
2626 		    &b_arg)) {
2627 			for (j = 0; j < hdr->e_phnum; j++) {
2628 				if (phdr[j].p_type == PT_NOTE &&
2629 				    __elfN(parse_notes)(imgp, &fctl_note,
2630 				    FREEBSD_ABI_VENDOR, &phdr[j],
2631 				    note_fctl_cb, &f_arg))
2632 					break;
2633 			}
2634 			return (TRUE);
2635 		}
2636 	}
2637 	return (FALSE);
2638 
2639 }
2640 
2641 /*
2642  * Tell kern_execve.c about it, with a little help from the linker.
2643  */
2644 static struct execsw __elfN(execsw) = {
2645 	.ex_imgact = __CONCAT(exec_, __elfN(imgact)),
2646 	.ex_name = __XSTRING(__CONCAT(ELF, __ELF_WORD_SIZE))
2647 };
2648 EXEC_SET(__CONCAT(elf, __ELF_WORD_SIZE), __elfN(execsw));
2649 
2650 static vm_prot_t
2651 __elfN(trans_prot)(Elf_Word flags)
2652 {
2653 	vm_prot_t prot;
2654 
2655 	prot = 0;
2656 	if (flags & PF_X)
2657 		prot |= VM_PROT_EXECUTE;
2658 	if (flags & PF_W)
2659 		prot |= VM_PROT_WRITE;
2660 	if (flags & PF_R)
2661 		prot |= VM_PROT_READ;
2662 #if __ELF_WORD_SIZE == 32 && (defined(__amd64__) || defined(__i386__))
2663 	if (i386_read_exec && (flags & PF_R))
2664 		prot |= VM_PROT_EXECUTE;
2665 #endif
2666 	return (prot);
2667 }
2668 
2669 static Elf_Word
2670 __elfN(untrans_prot)(vm_prot_t prot)
2671 {
2672 	Elf_Word flags;
2673 
2674 	flags = 0;
2675 	if (prot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE)
2676 		flags |= PF_X;
2677 	if (prot & VM_PROT_READ)
2678 		flags |= PF_R;
2679 	if (prot & VM_PROT_WRITE)
2680 		flags |= PF_W;
2681 	return (flags);
2682 }
2683 
2684 void
2685 __elfN(stackgap)(struct image_params *imgp, uintptr_t *stack_base)
2686 {
2687 	uintptr_t range, rbase, gap;
2688 	int pct;
2689 
2690 	pct = __elfN(aslr_stack_gap);
2691 	if (pct == 0)
2692 		return;
2693 	if (pct > 50)
2694 		pct = 50;
2695 	range = imgp->eff_stack_sz * pct / 100;
2696 	arc4rand(&rbase, sizeof(rbase), 0);
2697 	gap = rbase % range;
2698 	gap &= ~(sizeof(u_long) - 1);
2699 	*stack_base -= gap;
2700 }
2701